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EDITED BY CHURCHILL BABINGTON, B.D., F.L.S., ETC., SENIOR FELLOW OF ST. JOHN'S COLLEGE, CAMBRIDGE.
VOL. I.
PUBLISHED BY THE AUTHORITY OF THE LORDS COMMISSIONERS OF HER MAJESTY'S TREASURY, UNDER THE DIRECTION OF THE MASTER OF THE ROLLS. LONDON: LONGMAN, GREEN, LONGMAN, ROBERTS, AND GREEN. 1865.
EDITED BY CHURCHILL BABINGTON, B.D., F.L.S., ETC., DISNEY PROFESSOR OF ARCHÆOLOGY IN THE UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE; RECTOR OF COCKFIELD, SUFFOLK; LATE FELLOW OF ST. JOHN'S COLLEGE.
VOL. II.
PUBLISHED BY THE AUTHORITY OF THE LORDS COMMISSIONERS OF HER MAJESTY'S TREASURY, UNDER THE DIRECTION OF THE MASTER OF THE ROLLS. LONDON: LONGMANS, GREEN, AND CO. 1869.
EDITED BY REV. JOSEPH RAWSON LUMBY, M.A., LATE FELLOW OF MAGDALENE COLLEGE, CAMBRIDGE.
VOL. III.
PUBLISHED BY THE AUTHORITY OF THE LORDS COMMISSIONERS OF HER MAJESTY'S TREASURY, UNDER THE DIRECTION OF THE MASTER OF THE ROLLS. LONDON: LONGMAN & CO., AND TRÜBNER & CO., PATERNOSTER ROW; ALSO BY PARKER & CO., OXFORD; MACMILLAN & CO., CAMBRIDGE; A. & C. BLACK, EDINBURGH; AND A. THOM, DUBLIN. 1871.
EDITED BY REV. JOSEPH RAWSON LUMBY, M.A., LATE FELLOW OF MAGDALENE COLLEGE, CAMBRIDGE.
VOL. IV.
PUBLISHED BY THE AUTHORITY OF THE LORDS COMMISSIONERS OF HER MAJESTY'S TREASURY, UNDER THE DIRECTION OF THE MASTER OF THE ROLLS. LONDON: LONGMAN & Co., AND TRÜBNER & Co., PATERNOSTER ROW; ALSO BY PARKER & Co., OXFORD; MACMILLAN & Co., CAMBRIDGE; A. & C. BLACK, EDINBURGH; AND A. THOM, DUBLIN. 1872.
EDITED BY REV. JOSEPH RAWSON LUMBY, B.D., FELLOW OF ST. CATHARINE'S COLLEGE AND LATE FELLOW OF MAGDALEN COLLEGE, CAMBRIDGE.
VOL. V.
PUBLISHED BY THE AUTHORITY OF THE LORDS COMMISSIONERS OF HER MAJESTY'S TREASURY, UNDER THE DIRECTION OF THE MASTER OF THE ROLLS. LONDON: LONGMAN & Co., PATERNOSTER ROW; TRÜBNER & Co., LUDGATE HILL: ALSO BY PARKER & Co., OXFORD; MACMILLAN & Co., CAMBRIDGE; A. & C. BLACK, EDINBURGH; AND A. THOM, DUBLIN. 1874.
EDITED BY REV. JOSEPH RAWSON LUMBY, B.D., VICAR OF ST. EDWARD'S, CAMBRIDGE: FELLOW OF ST. CATHARINE'S COLLEGE, AND LATE FELLOW OF MAGDALEN COLLEGE, CAMBRIDGE.
VOL. VI.
PUBLISHED BY THE AUTHORITY OF THE LORDS COMMISSIONERS OF HER MAJESTY'S TREASURY, UNDER THE DIRECTION OF THE MASTER OF THE ROLLS. LONDON: LONGMAN & CO., PATERNOSTER ROW; TRÜBNER & CO., LUDGATE HILL: ALSO BY PARKER & CO., OXFORD; MACMILLAN & CO., CAMBRIDGE; A. & C. BLACK, EDINBURGH; AND A. THOM, DUBLIN. 1876.
EDITED BY REV. JOSEPH RAWSON LUMBY, D.D., NORRISIAN PROFESSOR OF DIVINITY, VICAR OF ST. EDWARD'S, CAMBRIDGE: FELLOW OF ST. CATHARINE'S COLLEGE, AND LATE FELLOW OF MAGDALEN COLLEGE, CAMBRIDGE.
VOL. VII.
PUBLISHED BY THE AUTHORITY OF THE LORDS COMMISSIONERS OF HER MAJESTY'S TREASURY, UNDER THE DIRECTION OF THE MASTER OF THE ROLLS. LONDON: LONGMAN & Co., PATERNOSTER ROW; TRÜBNER & Co., LUDGATE HILL: ALSO BY PARKER & Co., OXFORD; AND MACMILLAN & Co., CAMBRIDGE; A. & C. BLACK, AND DOUGLAS & FOULIS, EDINBURGH; AND A. THOM, DUBLIN. 1879.
EDITED BY REV. JOSEPH RAWSON LUMBY, D.D., NORRISIAN PROFESSOR OF DIVINITY, FELLOW AND DEAN OF ST. CATHARINE'S COLLEGE, AND LATE FELLOW OF MAGDALEN COLLEGE, CAMBRIDGE.
VOL. VIII.
PUBLISHED BY THE AUTHORITY OF THE LORDS COMMISSIONERS OF HER MAJESTY'S TREASURY, UNDER THE DIRECTION OF THE MASTER OF THE ROLLS. LONDON: LONGMAN & Co., PATERNOSTER ROW; TRÜBNER & Co., LUDGATE HILL; ALSO BY PARKER & Co., OXFORD; AND MACMILLAN & Co., CAMBRIDGE; A. & C. BLACK, AND DOUGLAS & FOULIS, EDINBURGH; AND A. THOM, DUBLIN. 1882.
EDITED BY REV. JOSEPH RAWSON LUMBY, D.D., NORRISIAN PROFESSOR OF DIVINITY, CAMBRIDGE.
VOL. IX. (Containing a continuation of the Polychronicon by Johannes Malverne.)
PUBLISHED BY THE AUTHORITY OF THE LORDS COMMISSIONERS OF HER MAJESTY'S TREASURY, UNDER THE DIRECTION OF THE MASTER OF THE ROLLS. LONDON: LONGMAN & CO., PATERNOSTER ROW; TRÜBNER & CO., LUDGATE HILL; ALSO BY PARKER & CO., OXFORD; AND MACMILLAN & CO., CAMBRIDGE; A. & C. BLACK, AND DOUGLAS & FOULIS, EDINBURGH; AND A. THOM, DUBLIN. 1886.
AFTER solempne and wise writeres of arte and of science, þat hadde swettnesse and lykynge al hirher, α., Cx.kyndley, Cx. (not α.)ben, Cx. where the same use of n is frequent, both in the infinitive and indicative.and solempliche] Wanting in Cx.i-preysed] I preised, MS., and α.; and similarly elsewhere. The prefix wanting in Cx., both here and ge|nerally.profiȝt, α.þat] Wanting in Cx, and placed in our MS. and α. immediately after 'þey' (theugh), just preceding.i write, α.forn-faders, Cx.wight, Cx.
For in þe makynge andof, Cx.cronykes, Cx. α.knowyng, Cx.principal, Cx.ne, Cx.fourth, Cx.shadde and stremed, Cx.he] wanting in Cx. (not α.).of þe, α.
I praye who schulde now knowe emperours, wonder of philosofres, oþeror ellys, Cx.theyr, Cx., here and frequently; here, α.worth, Cx., α.þat, MS.; than, Cx.rychesses, Cx.welded, Cx.oldnesse, α.her, Cx.reneweth, Cx.; renweth, α.callith, Cx.aȝe, α.for euermore, α.
Wherfore, among oþere noble trauaillours of þe þre pathesembelysshers, Cx.historyes, Cx, here and fre|quently.schulleþ fonge] shall resseyue, Cx.werke, Cx.
By þe worþynesse and ensaumple of so worþy writeris i-spiȝt and i-egged,so worþy . . . i-egged] noble wryters that herto fore haue wreton, Cx.of] om. α.
Þan special frendeslordes, Cx.desyre, Cx.worlde vnto, Cx.
Þoo toke I hede þat þis matir, asas] was, MS. and α.; corrected from Cx.his hous, α.be unwarled] lyghtly be opened and shewed, Cx.fynde] take on me, Cx.; founde, α.ferdful, Cx.lytil, Cx.vnwynde, Cx.wonderful, Cx.beeþ, α.wolde flaterie] wolde fynde fawte, Cx.; flatþe, α.werke, Cx.so liȝthliche, α.hoose, Cx.recheth, Cx.
ȜifFor yf, Cx., α.laboure, Cx.tourneyes, Cx.mowing, Cx.; om. α.renable, Cx., α.folowed and streynede] flowed and stremed, Cx. (stremed also in α.)I., Cxleese, Cx.; laas, α.she, Cx. (not α.), probably rightly.leese or gleyne, Cx.; lese, α.diuinacionibus, Cx.on, α.Homeres versis, Cx.; vers added from α.called, Cx.right, Cx.
Þerfore I pray þat no man me blame, þei ichþeiȝ, α.asshes, Cx.; askeþ, α. (and MS. originally).for, Cx. The true reading is probably 'for þat.'be, α.schene, α.ȝeueþ] yet yeuen, Cx.poet, α.as a weston, α.wytte, Cx. The sense requires ȝeueþ.þe rype] repyng, Cx.in caas, βCx.; on caas, γ (rightly); oncas, α.profitable] it shall be prouffy|table, Cx.goode, α.forn-faders, Cx.and gadre me. . . . I ȝif myȝte] wanting in Cx.here, α. (and so often.)vij. kipes or lepes, Cx.eche] encrece, Cx. (not α.)þorw ȝong peple, α.vse] So Cx.; vice. MS.; vys, α.i-spyed] sette, Cx.that, Cx. (typ. error for that shal?)beþ, α. (but also beeþ elsewhere.)for me] by cause men, Cx. (not α.)þe sleuþe, α.dredes, MS.not, Cx.
Þey feynynge and sawes of mysbileued and lawleslawes of, MS.and, Cx.; hool and soþnesse, α.notheles, α.disputicion, Cx.; despitesoun, α.Hieronymus seiþ] somme telle, Cx.i leue, MS.me douteþ] it is to be doubted, Cx.make blameres, α.beleue, Cx.wiþ seiþ, MS.; gaynsaye, Cx.
Wherfore in þe writynge of þis storie I take nouȝt vppon me to aferme for sooþtrouthe, Cx.y-seie, α.gadered, MS.y-write, α.to oure lore] for oure doctryine and loore, Cx. (α has various words omitted.)I sette, or something similar, seems to be omitted. β inserts I only after þat and omits it before take; γ is much burnt, but seems to have þat y wryte in þe bygynnyng. This reading at any rate completes the sense.kepe, Cx.strangely, Cx.
HERE I write and reherse þe auctours names of þe whiche þis cronycle is namelichespecial, Cx.Hontingdon, α.in] Added from α, and Cx.etiam] om. Cx.Willmus, MS., and so a little below.Romanorum, Valerius Maximus de gestis memorabilibus, α.diuinacionibus, Cx.de Imperatoribus Pontificibus, Cx.
AND for þis croniclefor as moche as this cronkye, Cx.tymes, Cx. (not α.)cleped, MS.Pollicronicon, þat is þein, MS.doctryne, Cx.wyde world, Cx., and so just below, with other slight variations.first who, MS.; first as who, α.is trauaylled, Cx.for to me] vntil we, Cx.and, MS.; txt, Cx.þe oþere, α.auentureth, Cx.fram (sic) Danes to Normans, α.vnder þe reignynge, α.; vnder the regne, Cx.
To hem þat will haue ful knowleche of stories nedeþit nedeth, Cx.distinccon, MS.
Þe firste of þese in þe firste book, and þe oþere in þe oþer bookes beeþ oponliche i-write.
Touchynge þe secounde take hede of tweie states, oon from þe bygynnynge of þe world to Criste, and is i-clepedi-cleped] called, Cx.i-cleped] named, Cx.
For þe þridde, take hede of þre tymes, oon to fore lawe i-write, þe secounde vndir þe lawe i-write, and þe þridde vnder grace and mercy.
For þe fourthe, take hede þat somtyme þere were foure principal kyngdomsunder iuges] wanting in Cx.
For þe fifte, take kepe of fyue manere of lyuing, þe firste was in þe firste age vndir þe lawe of kynde comyn to alle men; þe secounde in þe secunde age [was]lawes, Cx.self, Cx.firste, MS.
For þe sixte, take hede of sixe ages; oon is from Adam to Noe; þe secounde from Noe to Abraham; þe þridde from Abraham to Dauid; þe [fourþe]delid, Cx.world, α.
For the seuenþe, take hede of seuene persones whos dedes me writeþme writeþ] ben wreton, Cx.beeþ] is to wete, Cx.cor|reccioun or correctioun suits the MS. equally well.meyne, Cx.
For the eyȝte, take hede of eyȝte dyuerse manere of
Ianuere, α.aȝer, MS., and similarly else|where the article and noun are sometimes written conjunctim.waxed, Cx.þe citee, α.þe] om. α.
But whan me comeþ to þat place, me moteme mote] men muste, Cx.Pontificis, MS. and α.and monok] and the monke, Cx.acountede and fonde, α.hit] wanting in Cx. and α.an huge, Cx.that for, Cx.foloweden, Cx.From, MS.in translatyng the cronyke of Eu|sebii, Cx.that yeres, Cx.xij. ȝeres, α.Cezars, Cx.forgoten, Cx.and what, Cx. α.treble ȝeres, α.þe ȝere of the age of, α.regned, Cx.
IVLIUS CESAR, by counsaile of þe senatoures and elder menaldermen, Cx.sought, Cx.historyes, Cx.tauȝht, α. (not Cx.)geometrye, Cx.mesure, Cx.redyly sente to, Cx.and.capytayns, Cx.gouernours, Cx.mesure, Cx.montaynes and downes, Cx.or, Cx.or, Cx.þe Iewery, α.þe.byleued, Cx.Priscianus. And so, by warnynge and certefienge of cheueteynescapytayns, Cx.couth, α.hath sees of dyuerse names, Cx.montaynes, Cx.an c. and fyfe and twenty, Cx. (Similar variations of expressing numbers occur elsewhere often.)dwelle, Cx.pylers of H., Cx.that oon, Cx.moche, Cx.clyf, Cx.blak men, Cx.acercle, MS., and similarly in many other places.thryes, Cx.departe, Cx.and fyue] foure, α.fyve honderd four score and enleuen myle, Cx. (also he omits all that follows, till Thenne half, &c.)fyue, Cx.nyne, MS.in þe, α.it is, Cx.
FOR þe delyngedeparting, Cx.departed, Cx.aþre yn þre, α.Asia that is oon part, Cx.the, Cx.ben, Cx., and similarly else|where.euen lyke moche, Cx.eeste vnto, Cx.it, Cx.Beda, de Naturis.nature, MS.the oþer.Isidorus, libro quarto de|cimo, capitulo quarto. Affrica, þe þridde parte, streccheþ from the west to þe southe, anon tosouthe vnto, Cx.a sounder, Cx.an, Cx.Plinius, libro tertio, capitulo primo. Þe mouthes of þethat, Cx. and α.of þe, MS. α; txt, Cx.
ASIA is most in quantite, Europa is lasse, and perelyke, Cx.knewe, α.dwellen, Cx.he for it.of, Cx.ruleth, Cx. (not α.)Plinius, libro sexto. Þerfore it is þat Europa norischeþ and bryngeth forþ men huger and gretter of body, myȝtier of strengþe, hardier and bolder of herte, and fairerfaire, MS.bodyes, Cx.norþrene, α.and hatter] omitted in Cx.
THANNE þe grete see of myddel erþe bygynneþ in þe west at Hercules pilers; þere þe see of occean of Athlant brekeþ out, and makeþ the see Gaditan. Þe lengþe of þat see is fiftene þowsand paas, and þe brede fyue þowsand paas, and haþ in þe riȝt side Affrica, and in þe lefte side Europa; and þerof springeþ þe ynnere sees. Þe endes þerof is þe water Thany an þe norþ side, and Nilus in
Isidorus, libro decimo quarto. Þe grete see flowynge oute of occeanthe occean, Cx.and.archeth, Cx.streem, α. and frothens the streme, Cx.Bofornit, Cx.furlonges, Cx.Exerces, MS. and α.; Xerses, Harl. MS. Here and elsewhere the classical orthography is restored, when the word does not appear to be in a manner anglicised, e.g., Affrica.brydge, Cx.Plinius, libro sexto, capitulo primo. Þere þe see is so narwe bytwene Europa and Asia, þat memen, Cx.but yf, Cx.Giraldus, distinct. prima, capitulo decimo. Þat narwe seeplace, Cx.named, Cx.Isidorus, libro nono. Þanne þe see schedeþ norþ|ward, and makeþ þe see Propontides. Þenne he narweþ to þe narwenesse of sex hondred paas, [and]þese, MS.; the see, Cx.the see, Cx.receyueth, Cx.Asia vnto, Cx.named, Cx.Isidorus, libro nono. And þat see is swetter, schorter, and more mysty, for fresshe ryueres al aboute turneþ and falleþrenne and fallen, Cx.þay, α.; þey, MS., which adds and baye after oþere in the line following.Patmos] Pathmos, MS. and Harl. MS.Plinius, libro sexto. And þe see Ponticus floweþ not noþerne, Cx., who omits as oþere sees dooþ.renneth, Cx.eorneþ, α.Isidorus, libro nono. As þe erþe þat is oon haþ dyuerse names by cause of dyuers [places, so theþis, α.it, Cx.named, Cx.
THE see of occean byclippeþ al þe erþe aboute as a garlond, and by tymes comeþ and gooþ cbbynge and flowynge, and sweloweþfloweth, Cx. (typ. error.)Plinius, libro secundo, capitulo 99. Þe hiȝe flood of occean ariseþ vpvpon, Cx., α.the body, Cx.aryseth, Cx.him, α.receyueth, Cx.ne, Cx.Plinius, libro secundo, capitulo sexto.septimo, α. See the Latin text.called, Cx.called, Cx.Beda, de Naturis. Amonge alle þe mouthes and sees þat comeþ toward þe londe and out of occean,the ocean, Cx.called, Cx.called, Cx.out of north east, Cx.Inda, MS.that, Cx.i-cleped] named, Cx. (twice.)i-cleped] named, Cx. (twice.)þis, α.it flassheth, Cx.on the, Cx.Solinus. By þe see þat is i-clepedcalled, Cx.Caspii, α, and so MS. below.melte, Cx.as yse or, Cx.so men, Cx.þe.faste shette, Cx.of historyes); maistres, MS.sayth] Added from Cx. and α.Paulus, in historia Longobardorum, libro primo. Þere beeþ many swolwynges and whirlynges of wateres by þe see brynkes; tweyne beeþ in þe see of myddel erþe bytwene Itali and þe londeilonde, Cx.called, Cx.water, Cx.called, Cx.other, Cx.agayn, Cx. (not α.)it, Cx.casted hem agayn, Cx.siȝt.)
FOR þe knowleche of erþelyche Paradys þre poyntes moste be i-knowe. Wherfore þre questiouns beeþ i-axed: þe firste questioun axeþ,axeth in all three places.axeth in all three places.axeth in all three places.contray and place, Cx.er, Cx.witnessiþ of, MS.and] om. Cx., who has wrote.seen, Cx.wytnes ben, Cx.; wit|nessiþ that beeþ, MS.dwelle, Cx.Ieronimus, MS., and so often; Iherom, Cx.of heyȝeste, α.Petrus, capitulo quarto decimo. Of þe whiche foure ryueres þe firste is Phison, and is to menynge ful wexynge of plente; þat ryuer Phison passeþ into Inde, and draweth wiþ hym golden grauel. Phison haþ anoþer name, and is i-cleped Ganges of a kyngeaskynge.Gangus, MS.to say, Cx., who has, however, to menynge above.felawschippe and companye, for he fongeþ ten greet ryueres þat renneþ þerto. Þe secounde is i-cleped Gyon and Nilus also, and gooþ aboute Ethiopia and Egipt. Þe þridde is Tigris, and, as Iosephus seiþ, Diglath also, þat is to menynge,to say, Cx., who has, however, to menynge above.scharp, for heit, Cx. (and so often).ryght, Cx.fructuous and fruit berere, and goþ toward Caldea þat londe.þe fourþe . . . þat land] om. Cx.Isidorus, libro tertio decimo. Þe moste certeyn auctor, Salustius, seiþ, þat þere comeþ a welle oute of Cerauneys, þe hulles of Armenye, and springeþ out atof, Cx.Eufrates.departed a sonder, Cx.medlid, Cx.after, Cx.Macepotanea, MS. and α.; Me|sopotonya, Cx.men, Cx., and so in many other places, where MS. and α. agree in reading me, aȝe, &c.affermen and saye, Cx., to whom this plural seems unknown.Athlas, MSS. and Cx.Seche, Cx.bileue, Cx.endured, Cx., and endureth for dureþ, below.gayn sayeng, Cx., but withscyde above.though that, Cx.þe erþe, α., Cx.is.to be bileued, Cx.nature, Cx.it.ne, Cx., twice.ne, Cx., twice.ferþe, MS. (cle|rical error.)bynyme, α.; take away, Cx.make eclips, α., Cx.an.asonder, α., Cx.oo and one, Cx.it contynueth, Cx.is enlong, Cx. (typogr. error?).muste, Cx.endes, Cx.contrey, Cx.; contrary, MS.or, Cx.and.place] Added from α. and Cx.Paradys i-turned out of Grew in to Latyn is to menyngeis as moch to say as, Cx.an orcheȝerde. But Paradys in HebreweHebrewe] Added from α. and Cx.Eden, þat is to menyngeto say, Cx. (and so generally).likynge; þe whiche tweyne i-puttey put.an orcheȝerde of likynge. ℞. No wonder, for in þat place is al þyng þat accordeþ to lyf. Isidorus, libro quarto decimo. Þere is helþe, for þe aier is in tempreis attemperat, Cx.ne, Cx. (and so often).a lyue, Cx.Iohannes Damascenus.
of.welwoþ, α.; fade, Cx., who has ne for no.cometh, Cx.Treuisa. So we preiseþ a worldelyerþe, MS.; erthly, Cx.wel, Cx.the menyng is, Cx.Ysidorus, Cx.forn, Cx.it.brennyng, Cx.
ISIDORUS seiþ þat Asia haþ þe name, and is i-cleped after a womman þat woned þerynne, þat was i-cleped Asia. In Asia beeþ many prouinces and londes, þe whiche I schal descriue and rekene al arewe,al along, Cx.stones] Added from α. and Cx.charbonicles, α.; carbunclis, Cx., who has crisopassis (sic) just before.of.þe.ryche, Cx.grete, Cx.þe.causeth the, Cx.temperure, Cx.Plinius, libro sexto, capitulo decimo nono. In Ynde beeþ many kynges and peples; som of hem tilieþtylleth the, Cx.toppis, Cx., which may be right.a depe water, Cx. (after at ones).cubyte, Cx.wexe not seke, Cx.ner, Cx.engenderen, Cx.wexe hore, Cx.ȝere.egges, Cx.an and α; Cx. has to berkynge of houndes.an and α; Cx. has to berkynge of houndes.trees, Cx., and so elsewhere.and, Cx.the.Tull. de Tusc. 90.Tusc. Quæst. lib. v. c. 27.i-put, α.in the erthe, Cx.and.acounted after fortune.Petrus, 196.o, 6, MS. and Cx.lyuen, Cx.toppe, Cx. (and possibly this may be the MS. reading.)þe] Added from α. and Cx.Alysaundre, Cx.Isidorus libro quinto decimo. Offir is an ylond of Ynde; þerynne is greet plente of golde, and þe passage þerto out of þe grete seeþe grete see] Grece, Cx. (con|fusing c and t.)
ISIDORUS scheweþ þat ParthiaParchia, and so Cx. prints it; but c and t are identical (or nearly so) in MSS.of Assiria, Cx.and] Added from Cx.woonte, Cx.of before Media and Persida.Caspius vnto the, Cx.Trogus, libro decimo, capitulo
quinquagesimo primo.quinto, Cx.Perchii, Cx.of Scicia, Cx., who omits all following till were outlawes (by cle|rical or typogr. error). The MSS. of both versions usually write Scicia.and anon] om. Cx.þat] the, Cx.bycam, Cx.þe.vseden, Cx.put] Added from α. and Cx.veþery, γowne] Added from α. and Cx.þe, MS.; to straunge, Cx.of yuel, MS.buxom] obedient, Cx.disposed, Cx.aduoultrye, Cx.open, add. Cx.Giraldus, dist. 17. Þilke men, after þey lefte þe kyng Seleucus,Soleucus, MS.þe] om. Cx.Mithridates] Added from α. and Cx. The MSS. of both versions write Metridates or Mitridates.he. The scribe has misunderstood the sense.viages and had, Cx.Trogus, libro quadragesimo primo.bytwene Scitas, Cx.that londe. And Parchii haue, Cx.riden alway on horsbak, Cx.a foote, Cx.schote, Cx.king, α.; kynde, Cx.horsmen men, MS., by mere clerical error; (not α. or Cx.)more, α.; in comyn, Cx.ernyng, α.fyght, Cx.slylyer, Cx., who places theyr enemyes after slee.endure, Cx., and so usually.wiþ stonde (and so frequently), MS.yf, Cx.and hasty, added in α. and Cx.fyghte, Cx.for beestes teren, eten, and al to halen theyr flessch, and they burye only but the bones, Cx., from whom the words in brackets, wanting also in α., are supplied.
TAKE hede þat Assyria haþ þe name of Asur Sem his sone, for he was þe firste þat woned þerynne after Noes flood. Þis londe Assyria haþ in þe est side Inde, in þe south Media, in þe west þe ryuer Tigris, and in þe north þe hille þat is i-cleped Caucasus. Þere beþ þe ȝates of Caspy; þere þe hilles beeþ longe and narwe. Trogus, libro quadragesimo secundo. Egeus was kyng of Athenis; Medus was Egeushis, add. in α. (not Cx.)buylt, Cx.the see, Cx.ende, MS.Isidorus, libro quarto decimo. Persida is i-nempned and haþ þe name of Perseus þat conquered þat londe, and made it a worþy lond þat was raþerrather] to fore, Cx.syde] om. Cx.and] om. Cx.and] om. α.Nemprot, α.; Nembroth, Cx.langage, MS. and α.; languages, βγCx.Sem his] Semmes, Cx.Persipolis, α., Cx.they, Cx.Babilon and Babilonia.Isid. libro quinto decimo. Þei Babylonia were afterward i-cleped a parte of Caldea; hit was first so solempne þat it con|teynedconteyneth, Cx.Nemport, α.; Nemproth, the geant, Cx.buylded, Cx.Petrus, capitulo 37. Þe citee is i-cleped Baby|lon, and þe londe Babylonia; þey þat oon be wel ofte i-take for
called and mamed, Cx.Orosius,Orocius, α.; Oracius, MS. and Cx.libro secundo. Babylon was i-buld as a castel, and i-walled wiþ foure walles square al aboutes;aboute, Cx.tyme] added from Cx.fifty, α.noþer, α.; nether, Cx.; om. MS.myghte hem schyfte ne departe, Cx.this, Cx.inner more] afterward, Cx.ful of] om. α.Semaar, MS., α., and Cx.hild, MS., apparently; felde, Cx.Josephus, libro primo. Þeþat, α. and Cx.þe] om. Cx.the, Cx.byrde, Cx., who writes phenyx.that is called, Cx.is named, Cx.called, Cx.Saba Chus sone, Cx.byclipped, Cx.Josephus, libro secundo.primo, Cx.the mount of, Cx.of] om. Cx.approche to it, Cx.all] om. Cx.Trevisa. Fenix is a wonder brid, for ofof] added from α. and Cx.a sonder, Cx.Fenys, Cx., which is better; and so MS. below.þat (clerical error).of] om. Cx.swete, α., Cx.Eufrates, MSS., as usual.prouinces, MS. and α.Eleaser, Cx.Damaske, Cx., but Damascus below.halp, α. (not Cx.)ten lynages, Cx.kyng, MS.as moche to saye as, Cx. (who makes similar alterations every|where).schedynge blood, for þere Caym slowh Abel and hyd hym in þe sonde.
IVDEA is a kyngdom of Syria a party of Palestyna, and haþ þe name of Iudas IacobusIacobs, α. Cx.oþer, α.; eyther, Cx.of.Petrus. Iudea is i-take in many manere; oþer whileswhile, Cx., who omits all.it, Cx., and similarly often.royamme, Cx.þey] he, Cx.drad, Cx.for, MS.ye. Cx.Gir.Gregor., MS.Dist. tertia. In þis Iudea þe lond of byheste þe lengþe þerof is fromfrom] fro, Cx., and so below.side] om. Cx.anon, α.Cades berne vnto, Cx.eorneþ, α.; renneth, Cx.is named mount, Cx.þe hille] om. α.Arabie, Cx.þis, α. Cx.byhoote, Cx.forn, Cx.ben, Cx.receyueden, Cx.muste, Cx.two, Cx.that, Cx. twice, and so often.that, Cx. twice, and so often.þe] α. and Cx. add Ierusalem.of] So α. and Cx.; and, MS.and, (not Cx.)Isidorus, libro quinto, capitulo primo. Þe Iewes seiþ þat Sem, Noes sone, þat is i-cleped Melchesedek,Melchisedech, Cx. (quid?), but Melchisedech below.buylded, Cx.cleped, woned, cleped] Replaced in Cx. by called, dwellyd, named, and so often.cleped, woned, cleped] Replaced in Cx. by called, dwellyd, named, and so often.cleped, woned, cleped] Replaced in Cx. by called, dwellyd, named, and so often.So of, α. and Cx. (which is perhaps better).one, Cx.þat, α.Iherosolyma, Cx., who also al|ways prints Iherusalem.þerof.Helius, and Helia, MSS. and Cx.Helius, and Helia, MSS. and Cx.nowe closed, Cx.; now i-closed, α.Netheles, Cx.Evangelistum, Cx. See note on text.Sitopolym, MS.; Sicopolim, Cx. α.hat] is called, Cx. (as usual).Willelmus de Regibus, libro primo. No welle is wiþ ynne Ierusalem, but watres be i-gadred, and i-kept in cisternes; for þe citee is so i-sette þat he haþ in þe north side þe mountof.dependaunt, Cx.fylthe, Cx.and maketh no fylthe, but, &c., Cx.as þey, α.; as though, Cx.be wel (divisim), MS. and Cx. and α.toppe or sommet of the, Cx.ryal, Cx.y-made.fayrenes, Cx.clepeth in his own text.subgette, Cx., and so below.Also] Given as the last word in the previous sentence in α. and Cx.as men suppose, Cx.on, Cx., who has euen.fro, Cx.vnknowen, Cx.destruccioun, MS.þe] So Cx.; þat, MS.; α. has some omissions here.and also, Cx.dwelleden, Cx. (the preterite seems right,) and similarly below.mount of, α. and Cx.Olda, Cx.destruccioun, MS.men of crafte, Cx.in þe wal.crisme, Cx.fruyȝt, α.wiþ] by, α.wax] wexe, Cx.in] and, Cx.Romanos 2o, 1o capitulo.steiȝ, α.; ascended, Cx., who omits vp.at laste, Cx.atte foote, Cx.that, Cx.renneth, Cx.wel ofte, α.bidda, α.orcherd, α.a thorpe, Cx.heet, α. and Cx.heyght, Cx.Bethfage, α. and Cx.toun, α. and Cx.Lazar, Cx.hiȝt] was named, Cx.Hugo. In þe norþ side of mount Syon is þe mount Caluerie;mont of Caluary, α. and Cx.þat, MS.; there, Cx.langage, α. and Cx.byheueded, α.Isidorus, libro quintodecimo, capitulo primo. Also in þe reemroyamme, Cx.Abraham, MS.Isidorus, Eth. libro tertiodecimo. Þat lakelakes, MS. and α.ende, Cx.Ierico vnto ȝores, Cx.þat] the whiche, Cx.lakes is, α. The MS. omits is, but has lakes.an honderd and fyfthy furlonges, Cx.neyȝ, α.contrayes, α.moeueth not with, Cx.Petrus, capitulo quinquagesimo. Noþyng may vndo þe glewe of þat place, but onliche þe blood þat is i-cleped sanguis menstruus. Isidorus, libro tertio decimo. It isalso after is.olyue, α.; a lyue, Cx.also þat se may fonge noþing þat is quyk and on lyue. Cx. agrees with MS., except in having it receyueth for he fongeþ.þing.þat it be] om. Cx., who has dippeth.he swolweþ, α.aboue] om. Cx.is] be, Cx.Iosephus, libro primo. Þat was assaied and i-knowe in þat grete princes tyme VespasianusVaspasianus, MS., α, and Cx.Isidorus, libro nono, capitulo tertio. Þat kyngdom hattehatte] is called, Cx.Pentapolus, MS., and so below.was] were, Cx., who has no stop after asshes.ȝaphires, α.; saphirs, Cx.schadowe, α.herbis, Cx.appolis, α.wylleth, Cx.to] αβγ; om. Ms.thylke appels fallen anon to asshes, Cx.beeþ, α.smoked, MS.; smoken, Cx.
CANAAN is a reemroyamme, Cx.Siria, MS., which has also other slightly unclassical forms of proper names in this chapter.Caanes, MS.vj., Cx., who has alle before acursyd.þe Cham, α.Treuisa. Cham was Noes sone, and hadde his faderfaders, Cx. (not α.)lowȝ, α.sawe, Cx.membrys, Cx.oþer Phylistea, added in α.chif, α.Philistym, MS.Ascelon, MS.þe, α. and Cx.Hebrew, Cx.p, but instede of p þey useþ ph; þerfore Philistei and Pales|tini beeþ all oon, and beeþ also i-cleped allophyli, þat is to menynge aliens and straunge men, for þey were alwey aliens and straunge to the folk of Israel. Þat prouince haþ in þe south side Egipt, in þe west Tyrus, in þe north Iudea,
and in, Cx.Edom] added from Cx.Isidorus, libro nono. In þis Idumea is IobusJobyns, α.; Jacobs, Cx.chaungeth, Cx.chif, α.in] added from α.; Cx. has but in somme thynges they discorde.kepers. For whan men of þe londe were i-take, þey were ordeyned wardeynes of hem.ham, α.Sychima, α.aboue, Cx.Iherome, Cx.refuge, Cx.þat (clerical error).Iosephs, Cx.; Ioseph his, α.þat] om. Cx.Iosephs, Cx.droues and flockes, Cx.Abimaleche, MS.Ierobabels, α. and Cx.nomore, Cx. (not α.)and, Cx.þat] where, Cx.Fenicia, MS. and Cx.helþful, α. and Cx.grete, Cx.þe, MS.Ptholomaida, MS., α., and Cx.Acres, Cx.aglas, α.þat wonede þerynne] Added from α. and Cx.Cedar] Added from α. and Cx.Sareceny, MS.Methodius. Þese men haueþ noon hous but walkeþ in wildernesse and woneþ in tabernacles and in teeldis,tentes, Cx.praye, Cx.schulle, α.; shal, Cx.shal, Cx., as usual.here, α.holy.what, MS.Machometes, α.Persidia, MS.subgette, Cx.ynnere more, α.Fenicia, MS., but Phenyx and Phenisia just below; and so α., (nearly). Harl. MS. has F every|where.Libani, as Cx. has it, who omits þe hil; α. agrees with MS.Isidorus, libro secundo, capitulo quinto. Phenix, Agenoris sone, by toke rede lettres to þe Phenices, þat beeþ men of Phenicia, and þerfore þat colour was i-cleped Phenicius; and after|ward þe lettre chaunged, and þan it was i-cleped Puniceus, þat is, reed. Hugo, capitulo Phœnix. For PheniciensPhenices, α. and Cx.þe (twice).þe (twice).
EGIPTE haþ þe name of Egipt, Danay his broþer,Danays broder, Cx.highte, Cx., inconsistently. See p. 115.Aerea, α.; Aeria, Cx.Blomem, MS.; Blac men, Cx.is sylde bereyne, α.; is zelde be|raynd (so), Cx.; bareyne, MS.of fruyt and of, Cx.Petrus, capitulo nonagesimo quarto. Egipte aȝenst kynde of oþer londes haþ plente of corn; he is bareynebarayn, α.lese, α; pasture, Cx., who omits two or three lines here.he, α. (more consistently.)ar, α.adrencheþ, α.cocodrilly, α.; cocodrylly, Cx.ipotauri, MS.; ipotaury, α.; ypotamy, Cx., which is nearer the truth, but may be his own correction.hors] horses, Cx. (not α.)wrouȝt, α.; shape, Cx.money, MS.Though men, Cx. (as usual); not α.est, α. (not Cx.)Athlas, MS., α., and Cx. (as usual.)he] it, Cx. (and so often.)good.anon] lyghtly, Cx.departe and befalle, Cx., who prints, however, to shedeth below.so] om. Cx.netheles, Cx.dryuen agayn, Cx.and] om. Cx.þis] þe, Cx.stopped, Cx.turneþ] renneth, Cx.rede, MS.
HERE take hede of tweie londes, ciþer hattethat eche of hem is named, Cx.is in, Cx.streiȝte, α.anon to] vnto, Cx., and so below.þe ende, MS.to] toward, Cx.Iermania, MS., and α.; but elsewhere (as p. 171) spelt correctly.of, MS.Trogus, libro secundo. Þilke men destingeþ nouȝt noþer to
nether marke her feldes by boundes, ne by dyches, Cx.none, Cx.melk, α.; mylk, Cx.selver, α.make, Cx.men of warre, Cx.nothing, Cx.subget yet to ony man, Cx.ouercame, Cx. (not α.)Regem Persarum, α.; fered Darius the kynge, Cx., who has sloughe Cyrus below.Alysaunders capytayn, Cx.be] Added from Cx. (absent from α.)þe.made] Added from α. and Cx.þat, MS., α.wymmen, Cx. (bis).nature and kynde, Cx.wymmen, Cx. (bis).in the, Cx.abode, Cx.sorwe, α.hire, MS.sente fore, Cx.and dwellede, α. and Cx.iorday, MS.left, α., Cx.the, Cx.homeward, Cx.; hoom, α.fortune, Cx.unstedfastnesse wiþ, MS.that, Cx. (typogr. error?)and toke hem to rede] and con|cluded, Cx.owne] Added from α. and Cx.with theyr, Cx.false wifes.schendeful, α.; shameful, Cx.fare, α.; iourney, Cx.vnto the tyme of Darius, Cx.Cytes, MS.; Cytees, α.
Bactria is a londand werede . . . a lond] Added from α. and Cx.Noes, α.so þat Mont Taurus] Added from α. and Cx.in.Babiloun, MS. and α.That hille, by cause it stretcheth to dyuerse contreys and londes, hath, &c., Cx.on, Cx.i-cleped, α.the, Cx.beme, Cx.þe.þe, α., Cx.
Hyrcania þat londe haþ in þe est side þe see Caspius, in þe south Armenia, in þe north Albania, and in þe west Iberia þat lond; and lieþ besideby the syde of, Cx.; beside of, α.beeste] So Cx.; foul, MS., α.tyllen, Cx.birdes that ben called, Cx., who, however, has heyghte just before.
Hiberia þat lond lieþlith, α.ȝelew, α.booles, α.; bulles, Cx.
Gotha is þe neþer partie of Scythia toward Circium.Cireon, MS.southe syde] So Cx.; norþ, MS. Dacia and þe north occean, α., which agrees with the Latin, and is pro|bably right.þat, MS.reedloker, α.; redylyer, Cx.and ben right stronge men, grete, grym, and sturne, Cx.
Armenia, þat hatte also Ararath, haþ þe name of Arme|nius, Iasons knyȝt, the whiche Armenius, whan he hadde i-lost Iason,his.Tessalia, MS., α. (not Cx.)roillede, α.; royled, Cx.to, Cx.Capadocia, MS. and Cx., and so below.abode, Cx.ther be two Armenyes, Cx.ouerer, Cx.
CAPPADOCIA þat londe norischeþ and fedeþ many hors,horses, Cx. (not α.)side.bilieþ, α.; ther by lyeth, Cx.Scicilia, MS. and Cx., which have Silicus and Sylycus below.Eusynus, MS.þe omitted in α. and Cx.preiere, α.Gallogrecia . . . . hiȝte] added from α. and Cx.Galathe, MS, α., and Cx., and so the Harl. MS., as well as all the Latin MSS.wryteth, Cx.Europaes, Cx.; and Agenors below.also] added from α.Iupiter his, α.; Iupyters, Cx.Troos, MS. and Cx.his.lond] added from α. and Cx.eeste, Cx.happened by lotte, Cx.Tirea, MS.; Turea, Harl. MS.of Lydia . . . þat citee] Added from α. and Cx.seynt Iohan euangelyst wryteth in thapocalipsis, Cx.men saylle, Cx.traitourliche i-slawe, α.; traitourly slayne, Cx.atte laste, Cx.theyr; absent from α.men, Cx., who omits other . . . fadres.alle] the, Cx.for to shote and to do, Cx.brend bristes; and þey were i-hote Amazones, þat is to menynge wiþoute brest. Hercules was þe firste þat chastised þe schrewednesseschrewednesse] ylle disposicion, Cx.and atte laste the grete Alysaun|der, Cx. Alexander and Alexandre are both so written in the MS. and α. at length.asked] axede, α.; axed, Cx.wytte is wonder] α, β, γ, Cx.; wittes we wonder, Ms.fauoure, Cx.of wom|men.is] shal be, Cx.and yf, Cx.Trogus, libro secundo. Þis queene Thalestris, after þat sche hadde be kyng Alex|andre his lemman fourty dayes, sche torned aȝeyn in to here owne lond, and afterward in schort tyme filful, by a clerical error; α., β, γ., and Cx. have it not.
ALLE auctors of stories witnessiþ þat Affrica haþ þe name of Affer,Affrica, or Affrike therein.of.named, Cx.Affers, α., Cx.many (clerical repetition).anon to] vnto, Cx. (as usual.)and.þat] the, Cx. (not α.)blac, Cx.for the, Cx.whiche is to hem. Cx.nyȝ, α.whiche ben, Cx.gruntynge, Cx.doo no werke, Cx.in þe] So α. and Cx.; wiþoute, MS.devyneþ, α., Cx.som. Added from α.nouȝht, MS.; somme lyue only, Cx.panthera, Cx., who however has panters above.sauf to, Cx.Isidorus, libro tertio decimo. In Affrica amonge þe puple Troglodytepeple that ben called (þat hatte, α.) Trogodyte, Cx.drunggeþ, α.shryll); schil, α.the (bis).of, α.; drynke therof, Cx.the (bis).so] it is so, Cx.it] om. Cx.west, α.; Cx. omits side.Cirtes, MSS. of both versions.Trogodite, MS. Trevisa's usage is inconstant, see below.Putei, α.wyndes, Cx.gravely.folke of the Gothes, Cx.
NUMIDIA haþ in þe est side Syrtes minores, þe lasse Syrtes, a perilous place,in the see.Ruscida, MSS. of both versions and Cx.Cartago, MSS. of both versions and Cx., here and below. Cartage has been retained below, as an En|glish form.Isidorus, libro quinto decimo, capitulo tertio decimo. Phenices, men of Phenicia, þat lond, wente from þe Rede see and buldebuylded, Cx.; who has buyld below.Sydoun, MS.of Tirus, MS.feng] resseyued, Cx.Trogus, libro
octavo decimo. Dido, þat hiȝte Elissa also, went oute of Phenicia wiþ a grete companye of ȝonglynges i-chose, and seilede first into Cyprus.Cipres, MS., α., Harl. MS.; Cipris, Cx.oxe huyde, α.; oxes hyde, Cx.kytte, Cx.to, α.; vnto, Cx.ful.a þwong. Isidorus, libro quinto decimo. Oþer Car thada,Cartada, MSS. of both versions, and Cx.a newe toun. After þat þe name was chaunged and þethe); to þe, MS.thus, Cx.and] added from α., and Cx.; the latter has historyes.Iothas, MS., α.; Ionathas, Cx.in] added from Cx.as, Cx.ar, α.; er, Cx.and, Cx.raþer] added from α.i-buld, α. and Cx.þat Carthago] added from Cx.cubit, α.out, α.; oute, Cx. Trevisa and the Harl. translator seem to have been puzzled with the Latin text.that iij. m. were opend, Cx.
Mauritania is þe name of twei londes, þe firste Cesariensis, þat haþ in þe est side Numidia, in þe souþ þe grauel of þe seesee.
Tingitana is þe laste prouince of Affrica, and haþ in þe est side þe ryuer Malua, in þe north þe see Gaditanus, in þe west þe hulle Atlas, and the see
mauron, þat is blak, as it were þe contray of black men. In þis Affrica is þe hulle Atlas in þe west side and ende, nouȝt fer from occean. And Atlas is so hiȝe ouer þeþe] other, Cx.spiritis, α.; sprytes, Cx.Augustinus de Civitate Dei, libro octavo decimo. Atlas was an astronomyour, Prometheus broþer; þerforefor, α.men.it is, Cx.it, Cx. (and so often.)Didoo, α.fro, Cx.
ISIDORUS, libro quarto, seiþ þat Europa haþ the name of Europa, Agenores douȝter, king of Libya; and Iupiter,
wyde world, Cx.Thanai, MS., α.; Thanay, Cx.at þe] atte, Cx.þe (twice).þe (twice).descryued, Cx.wateris, α.a sonder, Cx.into, α.Isidorus, libro quarto decimo. Þe lower Scythia þat lond is ful colde,ful of cold, Cx.þe] om. α.anon to] vnto the, Cx.Misia, MSS. of both versions, and Cx., and so below.Tracia, MSS. of both versions, and Cx.and in þe . . . Histria] added from α. and Cx.pris, α.; good, Cx.men and after mylde.beoþ, α.hulles, α.Humi, MS.; Hinny, Cx.as Erodotus seyth, Cx.atte laste, Cx., and so often.toke with, Cx.agayn, Cx.Hungeria, MS.; Hongaria, Cx.Historia, MS.colde, MS.
AUCTOURS telleþ þat Grees with þe prouincesprouince, MS. (not Cx.)of science, Cx.Netheles, Cx. (and so often.)Iliricus, MS.and] So Cx.; et, MS.Constantyn made] added from α. and Cx.þe empere] α., β.; thempyre, Cx.; the empery γ. This is nearer the Latin than the Ms. reading þe emperour.Grekes, Cx., and so below.the Grekes be but Romayses, Cx.natheles subget, Cx.Isidorus,Giraldus. Cf. Præf. Dist. l. p. 6. (Ed. Brewer.) But the reference is uncertain.libro primo, capitulo septimo decimo. In þis lond was som|tyme þe studie and þe scole of Pallas and Minerua, of grettest art and sciens of knyȝthode and of chiualrie, and þe clergie and the chiualrie hildehelde, Cx.aventured, Cx.keleþ, MS.cam, α. and Cx.is, MS.so that to fore where welles were, ben now but lakes, Cx.Synonis, MS.Vlixus, MS.; Vlixes, Cx.þat beeþ Thracia] Added from α. and Cx. The MSS. have Tracia, as usual; but Thessalia is correctly written in MS. (not Harl. MS.)Boecia, MSS. of both versions, and Cx.for] added from Cx.Egedeus, MS.Isidorus, libro quinto.acquenchyd, Cx.Bisancium, MSS.Rome] So α. and Cx.; Lon|doun, MS.by skorne, MS., and similarly often.busmere, α.he brought to be scorned and spyght to them that behelde hem and sawe, Cx.Misia, MSS. (of both versions).That, Cx.and of, Cx.I is, MS. (not α. or Cx.)ther with heepes and huppels of stones, Cx.eched, Cx.renne, Cx.þa, MS. (not α.)an, α.kun, α.; can, Cx.Helene, Cx.in Englisshe, oure lordes broder.golden, Cx. (not α.)
Lacedemonia, þat hat SpartaniaSpartania] So α. and Cx.; Speratonia, MS.Samuelis, MS.; Samelis, α.Trogus, libro tertio. Þese men somtyme byseged þe citee Messena ten ȝere to gidres, and were wery and i-greuedagreued, Cx.childeren, Cx. (typogr. error).þe] om. Cx.þat were . . . ȝongelynges] om. Cx.yere, Cx.fader, Cx.capytayne, Cx.Phalantis Aracius, MS.fortunes, Cx.droof, Cx.cyte, Cx. (not α.).
Macedonia haþ þe name of Macedo, Deucalions neuew, and hiȝt somtyme Emathia of Emathius the kyng, and haþ in þe est side þe see Egeus, in þe souþe Achaia,Achaie, MS.Misia, MSS. of both versions; and so below.departeth, Cx.Petrus, capitulo tricesimo septimo. Þe hul passeþ þe clowdes, in þe copvpprist, Cx.reine ne wynde, Cx.lettre, MS.hurtynge or wemme, Cx.So fowles, Cx.nouȝt libbe, α.nouȝt, α.the sterres, Cx.her nose thirles, Cx.; nosetrils, α.cole, Cx.þe hille.that, Cx.lxx. myle, Cx.
Dalmatia þat lond haþ in þe est side Macedonia, in þe west Histria, in þe norþ Mesia, and in þe souþ þe see Adriaticus.
Achaia haþ þe name of Acheus þe kyng, and is wel nyh an ylonde i-closed in þe see: for heit, Cx.it, Cx.ioyned, MS.Alysaunder, Cx.Paule, Cx.
Arcadia, þat hatte Sicyonia also, haþ þe name of Arcas,Archas, Cx.; Archades, MSS. of both versions.þat is] or, Cx.is] om. α. and Cx.Albeston, MS., α., Cx.oseles, γ.; ousels, Cx.; Ms. wesels.þei, α.; though, Cx.; Ms. Þe.oseles, γ.; ousels, Cx.; Ms. wesels.
Thessalia ioyneþ in þe souþ side to Macedonia, and was somtyme Achilles contray, and þere bygonne Lapithe;Laphite, MS., Cx.chastede, α.tamed, Cx.satte, Cx.supposed, Cx.had be, Cx.oon, α.; one, Cx.sete, α.; satte, Cx.centaury. Þat name is i-gadered of tweyne, of centum, þat is, an hondred, and of aura, þat is, þe wynde. And so þat name was to hem i-schappe Centauri, as it were an hundred
wel] α., β., γ.; placed after wagged in Ms.; om. Cx.Trogus, libro vicesimo quarto.toppe, Cx.Appolyn, MS.; Appollyn, Cx.wendyng, Cx.þe] α, Cx.Isidorus, libro tertiodecimo. In þis prouince beeþ tweie ryueres; scheepe þat drynkeþ of þat oon schulle worþewexe, Cx. (thrice).wexe, Cx. (thrice).wexe, Cx. (thrice).splekked, α. and Cx.tempetempore, Cx.florida, þat is, likynge place wiþ floures. Of þis place writeþ Theodolus and Ouidius. Also in þishis, MS.of þat lond] om. Cx.fille, Cx. (not α.)Ellena, MS., α., Cx.Gramys, MS., α.; Grauius, Cx.Boecia, MSS. (as usual).Pelopenensis, MS.Athenes, Cx., and so below.lecture, Cx.Augustinus de Civitate, libro octavodecimo. Þat tyme þat Egipt was i-smyte wiþ God all myȝties wrethe vnder Moyses hond, som seiȝesom Egipcians dredde lest, α.; somme Egypciens dradde leste, Cx.in to] to, Cx.Sicrops, MS.; Cicrops and Sy|crops below. Similarly the rest, nearly.fledde, Cx.Pharro, MS., and α.Apollinis.mene, α., Cx.Mynerua, MS.; but Minerua below.hoote, α.citezeins, α., Cx.þanne . . . counsail] Added from α., Cx.one, Cx. (not α.)moo, α., Cx.Atthene, MS., and so below.wroth wode, Cx.tarise (i. e. to arise), Cx.londes of them of Athenes, Cx.in, α., Cx.moders, Cx. (not α.)lyeþ] Added from Cx. (lyeth).Frixus, MSS. of both versions.fledde, Cx.þe pursuyt, α.drowned, Cx.þat, α.Barro, MS., α.and, α. and Cx.Trogus, libro secundo. Athenienses, men of Athene, vsed first craft of wolle andand] om. α.to eere, Cx.acornes, Cx.Amphictyon.Euritonius, MS.; Erictonius, α. and Cx.Demoson, MSS. of both versions.helpe, Cx.bos, þat is an oxe. Whan Cadmus, Agenores sone, at his faderfaders, Cx. (who often has simi|lar variations).he conthe, α.; he coude, Cx.fledde, Cx.hapned, Cx.foote, Cx.in] Added from Cx.detenuerunt, MS. (not α. or Cx.)Appollo, MS.Ercules, MS.in] Ms., β.; om. γ., rightly; or Trevisa may have misunderstood the text.he] om. Cx.Petrus. Take hede þat men of Thebe, þat is in Egipt, hatte Thebey; men of Thebe, þat is in Grecia, hat Thebany; and þe men of Thebe, þat is in Iudea, hatte Thebite.
WE redeþ in stories þat GreesGrekes, Cx. (as usual).in] om. MS.Hesperia, MS.Helpera, MS. (not α. or Cx.)for] So Cx.; but þe, MS., α.there.hydles, Cx.Eusonia, Eusonius, MS., α., Cx.Scicilia, MS., Cx.hulles, α.; hylles, Cx.ryuer, Cx.Isidorus, libro tertio decimo.
Plinius, libro secundo, capitulo decimo.octodecimo (sic), Cx.Treuisa. Alpes Appennini þat beeþ Penitus his hilles. Hanibal was a grete duke and hiȝte Penitus also, and wente by Alpes to Rome; þerfore of þe tweie names Alpes and Penitus is þat oon name schortliche i-made Appennini,Appentimii, MS. In many proper names below, α., or Cx., or both, give the true form. which is edited without noticing MS.Paulus, libro secundo. In þis Italia beeþ many prouinces and londes, þat beeþ cleped Calabria, Apulia, Campania, Beneuentana, Tuscia, Emilia, Liguria, Lombardia. Apulia is a party of Italia, and lieþ estward vppon þe see, and is departed from þe ilond Sicilia wiþ an arme of þe see. Grees were þe firste þat bulde þerynne; þe chief citee þerof is Brundusium, and haþ þe name of þa[t]þat, α.brunta, þat is, an hertes hede, for þe citee is i-schape as an hertes hede. Fro þennes meme] So α.; ne, MS.; men, Cx. (as usual).Capacitas, þat is, ablenesse to fonge and to take. For þat citee fongeþ and takeþ i-now of all plente, and is acountedcounted, Cx.Puteolis, MSS. of both versions, and Cx.baþes, α., Cx.Senocenci, MS. and α.; but cor|rectly below.Tros, MS., α.offsprynge, Cx.in þe, α.Narsen] This is not a clerical error, but one of many proofs of the slovenliness of Trevisa, who did not care to discover the nominative of the word. Below, where the text has the nominative, he has written it correctly.for to come in to] yet to, Cx.a place] to that name, Cx.Poulus, MS. (not α.)Longobardi, MS.; abbreviated in α.Scormyga, Cx.hore] comyn woman, Cx.Agelmundus, whanne] Added from α. and Cx.owen truste, Cx.standyng, Cx.the L., Cx.regnede, α., Cx.Hildecoc, Cx.regnede.firste, MS.that, Cx.Longobardys, Cx.the Longobardes, Cx.Narces, MS.take, Cx.in Justinus themperours time, Cx.wonderful, Cx.within forth, Cx.
AVCTOURS telleþ and writeþwriteþ and telleþ, α.; wryten and tellen, Cx.wryte.de . . . Magister] Added from α.Martinus. It is i-write þat many kynges regned aboute þe place of Rome. For Eustodius seiþ þat after þat tour Babel was i-bulde and men bygonne to speke dyuerse langage and tonges,tonges and langages, Cx.whiche was gelded, Cx.Iupyter, Cx.Siculus, MS.Tiberis, Cx.; Tyberis, α.; Ty|berius, MS.citetes, MS.; txt, Cx.Titus, libro secundo. While þat citee was pore, was no place more holy noþer richere of good ensample; but afterward rich|esse gadered and eched to gidres couetise and leccherie.gadred and encreased, and syn they haue ben coueytous and lecherous, Cx.Marcus. Tweie breþren þat were twynnes,born at one burthon, Cx.ȝere (not α. or Cx.)Olimpus, Cx., who omits the remainder of the sentence.that, Cx. (not α.)and.Marcus; α. has in margin Marcus or Martinus (Mωeȝ).of] om. α.and] om. α.þat added from α.; absent from MS. and Cx.men seyn it, Cx.yates, Cx.Eluicana, MS.Gre|gorius. Among þe wondres of þis citee þat ȝit beeþ i-sene, it is greeta grete, Cx.towres of so many buyldynges of palayces, whether, Cx.i-doo] om. Cx.Hidebertus, MS.as here foloweth, Cx.
Þere were meny paleys realryal, Cx.dyde do, Cx.tel, Cx.fylle, Cx.Dyoclicianus, MS.astoon, α.a part, Cx.; another party, MS.as] Added from Cx. (not in α.)halowen, Cx.; halewen, α.by cause, Cx.chyef and holyest, Cx.ben alle his grete actes, Cx.al] om. Cx.Sebestian, MS. (not Cx.)in.the consuls, Cx.of al, α.Iubiters, MS., and so below.fyn golde, Cx.fila|mines, of filo, þat is a þrede, þat þey bonde aboute hire heed, whan þei myȝte nouȝt in þe holy day suffre on hire piliouns and here cappes for hete. In Iupiter his temple seruede flamen dialis, þat is, þe day bisshop; for Iupiter was i-cleped Diespiter, þat is, þe fader of þe day: also in Mars his temple was flamen Martialis, þat is, Mars isMars.his, added in α., which has often similar variations.
In Rome was an hous i-made wel nyh al of gold andbesette, Cx.part, Cx.nigromancie, Cx.and on, Cx. (typ. error?)cockerbelle, Cx.þat.and, α.; on, Cx.meouede, α.; meued, Cx.on ware, Cx.quenche, Cx.axed, Cx.endure, Cx., and so below.Þat.for to] vnto, Cx.in.quenchyd that same, Cx.it a fyre, Cx.; hit on fire, α.i-halewed in his manere, α., Cx.in, α., Cx.whiche, Cx.heng, α. and Cx., and so Cx. (not α.) below.ne, Cx.vawte, Cx.neuere aside, MS., α.
Þere is a place at Rome in Heraclea and hatte theatrum;to, Cx. (twice).to, Cx. (twice).palays, Cx. (not α.)welle i-made of brend, α.; walle made of brente, Cx.þe.þat, MS.it is, Cx.euel, α.and vnholsome and euyl for men, Cx.comins, Cx.was spoken to fore, Cx.Albisterio, α., Cx.yteyned, Cx., who adds and sette a fyre.without, Cx.quenche it, Cx.; hit quenche, α.of] that, Cx.all] om Cx.space, Cx.ne, Cx., twice; (as frequently.)ne, Cx., twice; (as frequently.)ar, α.vnto the tyme that there was made a lytil hoole, Cx.þese, MS., α.epytaphium, Cx.; ephitafium, MS., α.is this, Cx. (without sense).suche] this, Cx.
De statuis et signis. Þere was at Rome a bolebulle, Cx.Pares, MS., α.of Troye.ony, Cx.can, Cx.it.corn hupple, Cx.it] hit, Cx. (perhaps considering the aspirated form the stronger).as grete as it was byfore of corne, Cx.alle, α., Cx.foot, α., Cx.is is the true reading.wher on] om. Cx.Iulius Cezars bones and asshes, Cx.in an] and, α, Cx.made, α., Cx.
Þis arche and piler is i-founded and y-sette vppon foure lyouns. Pilgryms ful of lesynges clepeþ þis arche and piler Seynt Petres nedle, and lieþ and seiþ þat þatthylk, Cxdedely] om. Cx.þe emperoures] om. Cx.hym, Cx.wente, Cx., who, however, has yeden just before.forsaken al thynge, Cx.þe] om. Cx.Treuisa. Þe firste poynt of þis doynge and answere techeþ
þat who þat, α.þing before men in MS. (not α. or Cx.)owen prayer, Cx.horses, Cx.byfore, Cx.holdeth, Cx. (twice.)speke, α.ple, MS.holdeth, Cx. (twice.)sike, α.horse] om. Cx.awlter, Cx.the four, Cx.skile and] om. Cx.dwarf, Cx.nigromancy, α.; nygromancie, Cx.dwellyd nygh him, Cx.the Romayns, α., Cx.Romayns, α., Cx.so] om. Cx.wente, Cx.espied, Cx.memory all, MS.; memorial, Cx.; α agrees apparently with MS.yf he wolde defende hem and saue, Cx.at, MS.where. Cx. has large omissions here.Markus, MS.bycause, Cx.sholde, Cx.yf he myght, Cx.the, Cx.remembraunce, Cx.and, α., Cx.clyfte or hoole, Cx.hool, Cx., and so below.smook, Cx.slewe, Cx.men, α.hool, Cx., and so below.þe, α.hool, Cx., and so below.hool, Cx., and so below.Colloseus, MSS. and Cx.yoten, Cx.Herodius, MSS. and Cx.in, Cx.sphere.bytokeneth, Cx.token, α., Cx.hit, α., Cx.shone, Cx.of] Added from α. and Cx.meouede, α.; meued, Cx.tokene, α., Cx.is, or rather was, must be inserted before lefte.But] om. α., Cx.þe] om. α.milting, Cx.softe, Cx.Policr.,Polici'., α.libro secundo. For to hiȝte þe noblete of þethis, Cx.hir, Cx.; but perhaps his own correction.scharpest, MS. (not understanding spere).vnto, Cx.fil, α.þat] Added from α. and Cx.i cornere white, MS.giue, Cx.there.
Isidorus, Etym., libro octavo decimo, cap. de triumphis, et Hugutio, cap. Tris. Whan duke, kyng, consul, oþer empe|rour hadde i-doo greet viagedon ony grete voyage, Cx.re before þre in MS. (not α.)receyued, Cx.solempte, α.his, Cx.on, α., Cx.vnto, Cx.
Ȝit among all þis worschippe, for he schulde not forȝete hym self, þis onnuythis one annoy, Cx.Notho solitos, Cx.Knowe þyself; as who seiþ, Be nouȝt to proude of þis worschippe. And also þat day euerich man hadde leue to seie to þe victor what euere he wolde, and no blame schulde take.sholde he take therfore, Cx.wordes, Cx.siche, Cx."Hail, ballard;" and anoþer seide: "Heile, kyng and quene." ℞. Loke wiþ ynne Iulius Cesar. In vita Iohannis Eleemosynarii. Whan þe emperoures of Rome were i-crowned, comesholde come, Cx.axe, Cx.deye] Added from Cx.Hugutio, capit. Clarus. When þe Romaynes wolde werry in eny lond, schulde oon goo to þe endes of þat lond and clere|liche
clarigacion, Cx.Isidorus, libro nono decimo, cap. vicesimo secundo. While consuls ruled Rome, þe knyȝtes of Rome schulde were rede cloþes þe day to fore þat þey schulde fiȝte. Þat was i-do for þey schulde not knowe and be abashed, whan þey say þe reed blood renne on hir cloþes; and suche knyȝtes were i-cleped Rosati, as it were i-cloþed in roses. ℞. Take hede þatwhat, Cx.Pretaxata, MS. and Cx.gentilmens, Cx.for to were of xiiij., Cx.maystres rulers, Cx.Hugutio, cap. Fastus. Þe dayes þat þe Ro|mayns wel spedde heet fasti, þat is, leful, for it wasþat, MS.þat dayes, α.; the dayes, Cx.nouȝt leeful, and [þey] byheldeand they heelde, Cx.þilke dayes] om. Cx.and] ne, Cx.Hugutio, cap. quinto. Þe feste of þilke dayes is i-cleped Quinquatria, þat is, þe fyue bl[a]kblack, Cx.; blake, α.þe] om. α. and Cx.mysspedde] had, Cx.Hanybal or Hanibal, MSS. and Cx.the toun, Cx.Hugutio, cap. Classis. Whan Romulus hadde ordeyned for the comoun profiȝt, he departed atwynnea sondre, Cx.jantil, α.in worschippe after hem.merie, MS.ȝongere, α. and Cx.fangeth, α.; receyueth, Cx., as usual.or capitain.Hugutio, cap. Calon. Þe Romayns vsed somtyme in eueriche monþe to make a faire, and þe faire bygan þe firste day of þe Nonis,Nonas, Cx.is as moche to saye as, Cx.to, α., Cx.; the latter omits of the monthe, just above.þet, Cx.Kalende, of calo, calas, þat is, to clepe and crie. A cryour schulde stonde vppon a toure, and as meny dayes as were from þat day to þe bygynnynge of the feire, he schulde crie, "Calo:" þerfore it is þat somin somme, Cx. (typ. error.)we, MS.hidde, Cx.i-knowe, MS. (not Cx.)Hugutio, cap. Mereor. Som tyme knyȝtes after þey were sixty wynteryere, Cx.men, Cx.of] So α. and Cx.; for, MS.Emeritus (oþer Emeryte) militie, as it were a knyȝt i-sett out of þe myddelmedful, α.; nedeful, Cx.Anatarij, Cx.for suche, Cx.spende, α.to fore gotten, Cx.Hugutio, cap. Sita.lita, Cx.not, Cx.profiȝt, α.Nonarie, for þey schulde nouȝt to fore none goon oute ofof] to, Cx.Hugutio, cap. Nepa. Somtyme in Rome fader and moder schulde nouȝt norische and teche hire owne children; for me supposedfor it was supposed, Cx.they, Cx.of hem] om. Cx.chastyse, Cx. (omitting hem.)to sore] om. Cx.noþer, α.; ne, Cx.Hugutio, cap. Proles. Þere were som tyme menmen] om. Cx.geten, MS.dwellyd, Cx.proletarii, þat is geterisgeters, α., Cx.for, α.Valerie, libro secundo. An hundred ȝere and sixti after þat þe citee was i-buld was no deuors i-made bytwene a man and his wyf. Neuerþeles Carbilius, a bastard, was þe firste þat liftelefte, α., Cx.feyth, Cx.Isidorus, libro sexto. Þey þe Grees write first yn wex wiþ poynteles of yren, the Ro|mayns ordeyned þat no man schulde write wiþ poynteles of yren but wiþ poyntels of boon. Pol., libro secundo. Who þat wilwole, α.made, Cx.maistry, α.gate, Cx.puple, α.his, α., Cx.that ouercometh, Cx.wiþ] om. α. (not Cx.)yeftes, Cx.Pol., libro septimo, capitulo undecimo. While þe citees of Italia loueþ pees and worschippeþworschepeþ, α.; worshipped, Cx., more correctly, who has also loued, and leued.had, Cx.yeue, Cx.of the, Cx.Duche, Cx.almyȝti, α.vnto the tyme they, Cx.her lyf] om. Cx.of] and, Cx.
Isid. Eth. quarto decimo. YsidreIsidorus, Cx.ryuer, MS.; Ryn, Cx.þe ouer Germania] om. MS.se, α.Aquylia, Cx.Ryne, α., Cx.Paulus, libro primo. Þe north contrey is fer from þe hete of þehete of þe] om. Cx.and dwelle.netheles, Cx.moo, α.it, Cx.oþer] om. Cx., who has or be|low.wynne and] om. Cx.þe, α., Cx.este, Cx.Misia, MSS. (as usual.)Thurynga, MS., here and be|low (not so always α. or Cx.)all] om. Cx.agreete, α.that); and, MS., α.o beste, α.; bestes, MS.; one beeste, Cx.boz in þe langage of Boemia, but he deffendeþ nouȝt hym|self with his hornes, but he haþ a large ryuel, as it were a bagge, vnder þe chynne; þeryn he gadereth water and
scald, α.; skalding, Cx., which is probably alone right.hym, MS.Thurynga, MS., here and below (not so always α. or Cx.).Thurynga, MS., here and below (not so always α. or Cx.).of a party, MS. and α.Ratica, MS.; Rethica below.Isidorus, libro quarto decimo. Men of Saxonia woneþ toward þe norþ endes of occean, and beeþ boþe liȝterben more lighter, Cx.scommers or theuys, Cx.saxon, MS. (not α. or Cx.)a stoon, for þey beeþ hard as stones and vnesy to fare wiþ. In þe hulles of Saxonia is wel nyȝ all manere metal i-digged, outakynoutake, α.; founden, reserued tyn, Cx.whiȝt, α.ony, Cx. (and so often.)that, Cx.monasterye, Cx.Beda, libro [quinto], capitulo vicesimo quinto. Þe olde Saxones haue no kyng, but meny knyȝtes of here owne ruleþ hem;hem] om. Cx.whiche of . . . lott] Added from α. and Cx.byfore; that is to wete, he, &c., Cx.alle lyche, Cx., who omits knyȝtes.Plinius, libro quinto. Frisia is a lond vppon þe clyuecoste, Cx.Denmarch, α.ben high shauen, Cx.euere, α.vse, Cx., which is better.dede, MS.he, α.marie, Cx.wiþ ynne] til they be, Cx.yere old, Cx.stronge and stelworth childeren, Cx.no woodes, α.turues, Cx.see MS. and α have by-clipped aboute as an ilond wiþ armes of þe see, which occurs below.and in, α.and is enuironed with water and highe bankes to holde out the rysynge of the see and floodes.ne, Cx.Paulus, libro primo. In þe norþwestwest, Cx.bukke, α., Cx. (buk.)see alle the nyght, Cx.after, Cx.þey] om. α.though men see the light of the sonne, yet the sonne is not seen.Item Paulus, libro primo, cap. quarto.Item fast, &c.wemme, α., Cx.For which cause the comyn peple have hem, Cx.worship and reuerence, Cx.They ar supposed Romains by her clothing, Cx.forwith his arme waxed al dreye, Cx.list to kepe, Cx.
℞. Hit is i-write in stories þat Gallia, þatþat] Added from α.; which, Cx.þe] om. α. and Cx.Gala is Grew,a worde in Grewe, and is lac, Cx.lac in Latyn, mylkand mylke, Cx.that, Cx.Hugutio, cap. Gala. By þe dyuer|site of heuene is dyuersite of coloures of face, of quantite and gretnes of body, of maneres and of witt; þerfore in Rome beeþ heuy men, yn Grees lyȝt, in Affrica gileful, in Gallia witty men and wys. ℞. Here take hede, as Augus|tinus toucheþ, De Civitate Dei, libro [secundo, cap.]Cibeles or Sibeles, MSS. and Cx.haue that name, Cx.the, Cx.Frigia, MSS. and Cx.their mynde, Cx.Athis, MSS. and Cx.That, Cx.waxe, Cx.þe] Added in α.þe.rese or brout, Cx.they ben after fyghtyng, in Cx.be somwhat like, Cx. (and α.)the Alpes, Cx., and so below.Girald., Dist. [i.], cap. septimo decimo. Þanne Gallia wiþ his parties al hole haþ in þe north side Germania, in þe est þe Ryne, in þe souþestsouth est, MS.of] om. Cx.Frensche in Englisshe, MS., α.þat] Added from Cx.þat hatte] of, α., Cx.Selica, α.Ryne, α.Bruttysh.)digge yn stones, α., Cx.into plaster, α., Cx.of] om. Cx.which is noryce, Cx.Athenes, Cx.Girald. Dist. prima. Þe Frensche men, þat hatte Franci also, and many oþer men þe strengest of Europa come ofþe.fled, Cx.þe] om. Cx.what, MS. (first hand); altered to whan.fre before of Gallia in MS.Iames, Cx.panes, α.; pens, Cx.Sancti, Cx.cam, Cx.his tyme also, after Val.; but this seems a mere clerical error. See below.ayenst the men, Cx.sore wroth, Cx.warred, Cx.wiþer and steerne, α.so] om. Cx.Treuisa. But how er þey come to þat name, Franci beeþ Frensche men, and hatte boþe Sicambri and Galli. And so
and.heet, α.Marcomirus his, α.; Marconurus, Cx.ffram, α.Willielmus de Regibus, libro primo. Whan Feramundus was dede, þey made his sone kyng, þat hadde þre names, and heet Clodion, Clodius, and Crinitus; and of hym kynges of Fraunce were aftir|ward i-cleped Criniti.Criniti] So α. and Cx.; Cirini Sirini, MS.had names after the names of theyr fader, as, Cx.Edgaryndus, MS.of þe, α.Girald., Dist. prima. After Meroueus regned his sone Childericus; hym folwedecristned, Cx.atte prayere, Cx.Guyan, Cx.time of the grete pope Gregory, Cx.Chilbertus, MS.Batildus, MS., α.in the tyme of Eraclius thempe|rour, Cx.and after, Cx.Ebronius, α., Cx.atte laste, Cx.ȝunger, α., Cx.yong, Cx.hym] om. α.lasted, Cx.Batildus, MS. (not Cx.)Arnulphus, Cx. (thrice.)Arnulphus, Cx. (thrice.)the grettest of the kyng, Cx.Arnulphus, Cx. (thrice.)episcopus] om. Cx.Breuis, α. and Cx.WillielmusWillelmus, Cx., here and else|where.de Re|gibus, libro primo. Þis Pypinus gat Charles þat heet Tutidis,Tutidus, MS. (not so below.)bete and bounse.beten and bounsed, Cx.he beet] abent, α.Sarzines, α.destroubled, Cx.þe] om. Cx.forfaders, Cx.paid and content, Cx.wiþ, α., Cx.Giraldus. Þis Charles gatte þe secounde PypinusPupinus, Cx. (but not uni|formly).bifore, Cx.pope neyt (for next), Cx.faders, Cx. (and so often.)chose, Cx.aduocate, Cx.Constantinople, Cx.nouȝt, α. (not, Cx. uniformly.)Lowys, Cx. (and so below.)Hugh, Cx.Harry, Cx.clerk his, α.his] So α.; of, MS.Contradus, MS.Duche, Cx.the comyn, Cx.reproof, Cx.royame, Cx.Giraldus. Þe Romayns were som|tyme
wiȝt, α.þe.Alemanii, MS.is] Added from Cx.Norwaye, MS.hem self, Cx., who omits cheef.Gascoign, Cx.Burgun, α.is] Added from α.Bellica, MS.coste, Cx.and.and] om. Cx.pesibel, α.and trewe, α., Cx.crafty men, Cx.whiche is sante, Cx.in al, α. and Cx.asshes, Cx. (as usual.)of] om. Cx.the wulle, Cx.þey] added from Cx. (they.)dyuers, MS.it, Cx.; þei, α.clepeþ, MS.in] one, Cx.as Amyens, Cx.Attrebat] om. Cx., who adds and many other after Tournay.that one, Cx.and eyther, Cx.inneþ, α.grettre, α.haue gretter speche, Cx.; specheþ, MS.heet, Cx. (who usually substi|tutes is named.)and hath, Cx. (typ. error.)sail, Cx.ryuer Seyne, α.Britons, Cx.; Brutus, MS.occupieþ, MS.Birremus, MS.; Brenius, Cx.Bellinus broder, Cx.Vortegerns, α.; Vortigers, Cx.Andegoy, Cx.by the side of Guyan, Cx.Giraldus in Topographia.toppicis, (sic) Cx. Reference omitted in MS.in a bugles, Cx.poured, Cx.þat is] om. Cx.be, which α. and Cx. read.be þe welle, α.And in Fraunce, Cx.the water therof is right good, Cx.that water, Cx.can do deuyse, MS.Puteis, MS.; Putees, α.Erodotus, MSS. and Cx., as usual.þat, MS.ben of the conditions of, Cx.i-melled, α.; by cause they medle, Cx.and of the countrey that is so neyghe to them, Cx.
Aquitania, þat is Gyan, and haþ þe name Aquitania of aquis, þat ben wateres; for þe water of þe ryuere of Leire gooþ aboute a greet deel of þat lond. Many particuler prouincesmany a perticuler prouince, Cx.Gascoyn, Cx.that, Cx.wynes, α.whiche is chyef cyte, Cx.Pompeus, MS., α., and Cx.o, α.historyes, Cx., as usual.Basclensis, α.; Basclenses, Cx.arblestres, Cx.do robbe, Cx.reeue, α.slight, Cx.Senosensis, MS., α., and Cx.borugh, Cx.bylded, Cx.purposed, Cx.Burgan, α.yswollen and bagged, Cx.as though they, Cx.
Trogus seiþ þat TrigoniaTrigania, MS.in] so α. and Cx.; and, MS.it, Cx.Boote, α.two, Cx.where as Hercules sette his pylers, Cx.hille] om. Cx.copy and] om. Cx.castelles, α., Cx.Espera, MS.lood, α.Hispalus. In] om. MS. After Hispalus Cx. adds, or of Hispanus, that Hercules ordeyned gouernour and kyng there.Isidorus, libro quinto decimo, capitulo secundo. Þis Car|thago of Spayne is i-cleped Spartaria, for to haue difference bytwene þis Carthago [and þe grete Carthago]al out] om. Cx.emperour his, α.breek, α.emperour his, α.Gallacia, MS. Gallæ|cia is the ancient classical name; but Higden probably intended to use the later form Gallicia.
GADES is couenableliche first i-sette among þe ylondes of þe greet see, and stondeþ in þe west ende of Spayne in a mouþe of the west occean. Þere þe grete occean brekeþ in to þe ynner londes, and departeþ atwynnea sonder, Cx.seyling, Cx., which is better; seyle, β., γ.ilond, α.saye, Cx.byclipped, for ithe, α.al] Added from α. and Cx.There as, Cx.right, Cx.otmeste, α.of the world, Cx.Hugutio, capitulo Gades.And to gyue knowleche that there is no place ne lond ferther westward that stronge man Hercules sette the pylers there by Gades; thenne est|ward from these pylers, &c.þat] Added from α.estward, read by Cx., is probably right.ben, Cx. (in the same sense.)is there the, Cx.þei haþ, α.; ther growth, Cx.whiche, Cx.ylond, α. and Cx.holsom, Cx.which water maketh, Cx.theuys and men that forswere hem self blynde, yf theyr eyen touche the water of thylke welles, Cx.stretchyng, Cx.aconiþtes, MS.heyght, Cx., and highte below, contrary to his custom.moche, Cx.wente, Cx.sey, α.; sawe, Cx.folowed after, Cx.seie, α.; sawe, Cx.good] om. Cx.is called, Cx.ar, Cx.of cyclon in Grewe whiche, Cx.and, α.Rodes, Cx.þe see, MS.clyf, Cx.; and hath, below.þe] om. MS. Added from α. and Cx.is named, Cx., as usual.i-schewed; for he was by schewedbeschyned, α.; it was somtyme byschyne with the sonne, Cx.same] Added from α. and Cx.ben called, Cx.whiche ben there, Cx.in that place, Cx.otherwyse called Samia, Cx.in whiche, Cx.Pittagoras, MSS.; Pyctagoras, Cx., omitting þe philosophre.cley] om. α. and Cx.þe] om. Cx.me, α.vessel at beste, Cx.lond, Cx.Cichym, Cx.Cilicia.In that yle, Cx.wynes, Cx.; who, however, has is below.þat ylond] om. Cx.þere] Added from Cx.Iubiteres, MS. (not α.)it] Added from Cx.For therin were somtyme an C cytees somtyme (sic), and there was Saturnus and Iupiter born, and were first kynges there, and of right it longeth to Grecia of old tyme, and hath, &c.and in the north the see of Grecia, Cx.oute in to the eest, and in to, Cx.crafte of rowyng with oores, armes, and shotyng with arowes, Cx.routes, α.lawe wreton, and taughte men ride on horsbak; and ther was the craft of musike and syngynge, Cx.They, Cx.yaf it in knowleche to, Cx., who adds: That lond is now called Can|dia, after aboute.ylond, Cx.; and so elsewhere in the chapter, and conversely.be, Cx.ne such, Cx.þider] om. Cx.out] om. Cx.they deyen, Cx.and though ther be no grete vene|mous beestes in that lond, yet ben ther attercops, Cx.Orosius seith that this, Cx.be sayd afterward, Cx.Treuisa. For to brynge here hertes out of þouȝt þat hereþ speke of laborintus, here I telle what laborinthus is to menynge.
hirnes, α.and] om. α.and] om. α.departed fro that part with grete waters of an arme of the see or clouen by erthshakyng, Cx., who has slight variations in the words following.and] Added from α.and] om α., Cx.houndes heedes, Cx.brekeþ, MS.in agayn thryes in a day, Cx.Isidorus, libro quarto decimo. In þis ilond memen, Cx., as usual.sowe, α., Cx.Beda de Naturis. Þe lond of Sicilia is holow and ful of dennes, and haþ mochecaues and moche sulphur or brymstone, Cx.fire, α.in the caues and in the chinnes, Cx.þe] om. α.wiþ] om. Cx.greet, α.to fyre, and that causeth ofte smoke and brennyng leyte to breke out in many places, Cx.to breke oute, Cx.hille that is called the mount, Cx.Ethna, MSS. and Cx.Isidorus, libro quarto decimo. Þat hille mount Etna toward þe souþ est haþ many chenes and holowholw, MS.chynnes and holowe dennes or caues, Cx.resseyneth, Cx., as usual; and engendryth below.rufol, α.dyaloge, Cx.Giraldus in Topographia. Þere is a welle in Sicilia, ȝif a man comeþ þerto i-cloþed in reed, anoon þe water of þat welle springeþ vp as hiȝe as þat manis hede; and for oþer colour andand] or, Cx.wel in the best wyse, Cx.whan, Cx.a lyue, Cx.And, Cx.that, Cx.to þe kyng of þat lond] om. Cx.siker, Cx.of al Engelond, α.Isidorus, libro tertio decimo. In Sicilia beeþ tweie welles, þat oon of hem makeþ a bareyn womman bereto bere, Cx.arigentinus, MS.it, Cx.sprancleth, α.; sperclyth, Cx.feynen and saye, Cx.þat] Added from α. and Cx.is god, Cx.of the, Cx.therfore symple men supposed that, Cx.vlcane, MS., α.fuyre,fyry, Cx.Eusinus, MSS. and Cx., as usual.as Iason, Cx.shal be, Cx.after, Cx.Pathmos, MSS. and Cx.as seynt, Cx.exyled, Cx.
Isidorus, libro quinto. Insule Fortunate, (þat beeþ þe gracious ilondes, and beeþ of good temprure of wynde and of weder i-sette in þe west occean and of som men i-holde paradys by cause of goodnesse of þe lond and of tempe|rure of weder,of temperate weder, Cx.ben, Cx., which is equivalent.couerd with corne, Cx.hiȝe, α., Cx.of that, Cx.Brutayne, MS.þe] Added from α. and Cx.þeiȝ, α.to god boþe gode, MS.they ben esy and mylde to good men and trewe, Cx.þat þey, MS., α.but it may not be forgoten, that, Cx.and] Added from Cx.oute of byleue, Cx.þei] Added from Cx.that come to theyr portes, Cx.vnknytte, Cx.theyr wille, Cx.Norwaye, Cx.frozen, α. not Cx.)and trewe, α., Cx.al] om. Cx.preest, Cx.þe] om. α. and Cx., which is perhaps better.otes in Cx.Soli|nus de mirabilibus. TileTile or Tyle, MSS. and Cx., and so below.otmeste, α.wel] om. Cx.Plinius, libro secundo.at oon, MS.; vnto, Cx.þe] om. α.about September, it, &c., Cx.derknesse, α.; Cx.Ranulphus, Giraldus in Topo|graphia.Ra|nulphus should be cancelled, or et added.trees, Cx.and in þe, MS.and] om. Cx.In þe norþ side men, MS. (not α. or Cx.)they muste werke by candel light, Cx.aȝere, MS. conjunctim. Similar instances occur elsewhere, and are not always noticed.and it abyde therinne a yeer hoole, Cx.Treuisa. For to knowe what þe styntynge of þe sonne is to menynge, take hede þat þe sonne stynteþ twyes a ȝere; ones a somer, whan he goþ no heiȝer; and eftsones aat, Cx.no heiȝer . . . gooþ] Added from α. and Cx.neiþer, MS. absurdly.
HIBERNIA, þat is Irlond, and was of olde tyme incorporat in to þe lordschippe of Bretayne, so seiþ Giraldus in sua Topographia. Þerewhere, Cx.it] Added from Cx.larger, α.; Cx.I shal, Cx.of halowes and saintes of that lond, Cx.; and so α., omitting of that lond.
De situ Hiberniæ locali. Irlond is þe laste of alle þe west ilondes, and hatheight, Cx.wan, α., Cx.that, Cx.more half, MS.Solinus. But þe see þat is bytweene Bretayne and Irlond is al þe ȝere ful of greet wawes and vnesy, so þat me may seelde siker|liche seille bytwene. Þat see is six score myle brood.
De ejus quanto et quali. Irland is an iland grettest after Bretayne, and streccheþ norþward from Brendans hilles anon to þe ylond Columbyna, and conteyneþ eiȝte dayes iorneis, euerich iorney of fourty myle. And from Deuelyn to Patrykes hilles and to þe see in þat side in brede isis] Added from Cx.; ben would be more correct. Several minute variations below are unnoticed.þat, MS. (not Cx.)soft, Cx.Solinus.must, Cx.dryue oute of theyr pasture, leeste they ete ouermoche, for they shold shende hem self, yf they myght ete at theyr wylle, Cx.Giraldus. Men of þat lond haueþ here hele alwey,haue comunely theyr helth, Cx.straungers, Cx.flixe, α.flessh of kyen, Cx. (with other slight variations.)that right selde, Cx.wiþoute] oute of, Cx.The cause of the helthe and holsomnes of that londe is the attemperat hete and colde that is therinne.chele, α.
In quibus rebus sufficit. In þis lond beeþ mo kynkeen, α.and, α. (not Cx.)and pekokes, MS.eeftes, Cx.feyres, Cx.bernacles, Cx.whiche growen wonderly vpon, Cx.nature wrought agayn kynde, Cx.on, Cx.by cause they ben not engendryd of flesshe, wherin, as me thynketh, they erre; for reson is ayenst that.eten, Cx.legge, Cx.was not engendred, Cx., with other slight variations, and some omissions.fesche, MS.and] om. α.to, α.that ther ben none, Cx.he sawe neuer, Cx.somme men had told, Cx.sexagonus, Cx.anon it, Cx.gogathes, MS. and α.
In quibus rebus deficit. Whete cornes beeþbee, α.i-clensed, α.reserued men, Cx.of] om. Cx. (a frequent varia|tion); alle manere fische of fresshe water, α.partrichis, Cx.ilspiles, α.; ylespiles, Cx.and that fauourably, Cx.But it is, Cx.if men, Cx. (as usual).theyr, Cx., who has not very consistently replaced he by it just afterwards.and, α., Cx.caste and sowen, Cx.veseþ, α.; driuen, Cx.be putte aboute (with other slight variations), Cx.þoruȝ] om. α.; thrille the erthe, Cx.but, Cx.like, Cx.
GIRALDUS seiþ þat Casera, Noes nece,niece, α.fledde, Cx.Seth his, MS.to, MS.lyued, Cx.man, MS. (clerical error.)Nymeth, α. and Cx.Schitia, or Scitia, MS.and encresede to þe noumbre of] om. α. and Cx., probably rightly.they were clene, Cx.after, Cx.ferþe, α.dukes that were bretheren, Cx.Genandus, α.; Genundus, Cx.Selanius, Cx.in, MS.fyue] Added from α. and Cx.Slanius, α., Cx. (rightly.)swyþe] om. Cx.Myllesius, Cx.of the, Cx. (without sense.)hem both and, Cx.Hebreus, MS.; Hiberus, Cx.slawe, α.of the Hybermensis (sic) vnto the fyrst Patrik, Cx.or ellys of, Cx.Gaithelus, α.; Gaytelus, Cx. Similar variations below.speke, α.After . . . tour] om. Cx.oo Scota, α.; one Scota, Cx.Pharoes, Cx.þeose, α.; these, Cx. The true reading must be þis.Gaithelaf, α.; Gaytelef, Cx.Brytayne, α.; Bretayn, Cx.atte Irlondes, Cx. (typ. error.)hym, MS.capitayns, Cx., and so below.longe] Added from Cx.right, Cx.For, MS. and α.Fedlinudius, Cx., and so below.yere in Cx.in to, MS. (not α, or Cx.)men of Norweye, Cx.wel] om. Cx.many] om. Cx.takiþ α.; take, Cx. These va|riations are frequent.of, α.and wrenches] of wenches, β., γ.; of wymmen, Cx. The text of MS. makes excellent sense, but the true reading is, doubtless, of wenches (L puellarum).at, MS.mencion, Cx. (who transposes some words.)Erisshe, α.to witynge, α.; to wete, Cx.of Bretouns] out of Bretayne, α., the words are omitted in Cx.And by cause, Cx.capytayn and leder, Cx.and iourney, Cx.wel] om. α., Cx.i-knowe in þat lond, MS.; om. α. and Cx. The latter has other omis|sions.him, MS.of þe, Cx. (who has other slight variations.)and helde, Cx.of] om. Cx.like wymmen, Cx.traytouresliche, α.; traitorously, Cx. (who has other slight varia|tions.)þis, MS.had been, Cx.and] Added from Cx.Paules, Cx.thre, Cx.; þe, MS. and α.encresed and after wexe, Cx.from, α.of] added from Cx., who has Cannacia.by strengȝe, α.Harry, Cx., and so below.
SOLINUS seiþ þat men of þis lond beeþ straungestrong, MS.one thyng, Cx.theyr vysages, Cx.paid, Cx.pleyng, Cx.lyte, α.hon, α.strait, α.; strayt, Cx.and foldynges, Cx.chambred yerd, Cx., who trans|poses some previous words.barnacles] byttes with trenches, Cx., who has brydles for britels.briderls, α.to ete theyr, Cx.fiteþ, α.sparthus, MS.at hond.hedes, Cx.vseþ, α.of, α., Cx.alle] om. Cx.slouthe, Cx.rekene, Cx.instrumentz, MS. (twice.)in whiche, Cx., with other slight variations.instrumentz, MS. (twice.)though they, Cx.right, Cx.armenye, MS.with thyck, Cx.secretely vnder dymme, Cx.tythes, Cx.; no teþinges, α.the broders, Cx.þerwiþ] om. Cx.truste moost, Cx.þese, α., Cx;in þe, α.they, Cx. (in the same sense.)pley feres, α., Cx.were, Cx.alyue, α.; they lyue, Cx.auenge, Cx.whan, Cx. (so often).qoten, Cx. adding ouer them.among hemself] om. Cx.as and so, below, om. Cx.nature, Cx.maneres, α.folowen their maners that vnnethe, Cx.smytted, α.ther is none but he is besmitted with their treson also, Cx.that, Cx.they lacke. Cx.non, α.delyng, Cx.and defouleþ, MS. and α. (without sense.)kynde and nature, Cx.as men seyne, Cx.kyne, Cx.so] om. C.gerhoundes, Cx.for to be reed, &c. Absent from α.markettis, Cx.the, Cx.wheþer, α., Cx.turues, Cx.manere] om. Cx.otmeste, α.loue (typ. error?); large, MS. and α.in] om. Cx.
Giraldus, capitulo nono.is] om. α.þat] om α.noman may deie, Cx.old and be vexed with grete, Cx.londe, Cx.he, α. (probably meaning they. See pp. 357, 383.)in whiche, Cx.rootye, α.; roten, Cx.and, MS.that, Cx.prayers, Cx.þoole, α.; suffer, Cx.werkes, Cx., which is better.Treuisa. Þei þis sawe myȝt be sooth, it is but a iape. ForBut, Cx.he be verrey repentaunt] Added from α. and Cx.neuere speke, MS.; here, Cx.Connacte, α.; Cannacte, Cx.Salao, MS.; Saloo, α.Brendan, α.wasteþ, MS.for som . . . alle] om. Cx.on his hede.Mamonia, MS., α.who someuer, Cx.a, α., Cx.Mownstere or Momonia, Cx.to] om. Cx.til, Cx.a clene, Cx.blesse, Cx.in this, Cx.Glydalcan, α.withges, Cx.þat þe holy, MS., α.that was seek.Vlster, Cx.moche fyssh, Cx.in, α.Ban þat, MS. and α.that this, Cx.; the þat of MS. is probably trans|posed; see preceding note.of, α., Cx.couered, and vncouered below, Cx.wexe] wold ryse, Cx.drowne, Cx.hied, α., Cx.wel] om. Cx.weep, α.the, Cx.drowned, Cx.grete] om. Cx.see, Cx.that, Cx. (not α.)Assiriens, MS.of an, Cx.must, Cx.exyled and forshappen in to lyke|nes of wolues, and abyde oute seuen yere, Cx.And at thende of seuen yere, yf they lyue, they come home agayn and take agayn theyr owne shappe; and then shal other tweyne goo forth in theyr stede, and so [be?] forshapen for other seuen yere.pight, α., Cx., who adds and stycked.shaft or pool, Cx.and that part that abydeth, Cx., who has other slight variations.it be don, Cx.there as, Cx.samouns, α.Coloman, α.the birdes.)yf men do hem wrong or harme, Cx.and, Cx.ful] om. Cx.As touching, Cx.ye shal vnderstande that, Cx.besy, α.; labored and studied for to torne, Cx.staf and ladde.name, MS.walked, α. and Cx.and put therin, Cx.whiche, or the addition of a nominative.hiȝe, α.; hey, β., γ.shytte, Cx.dore, Cx.goo in nycely, Cx.or, Cx.cam, Cx., and so below.sawe ben there yet wreton, Cx.Cistirensis, MS.; Ciste, Cx.goo, Cx.he, Cx., which is better.he wil] om. α.yet, Cx., who has also slight va|riations elsewhere in the remainder of the chapter.on Goddes name, Cx.shette, Cx.til the next day, Cx.
Here Girald makeþ mencioun,mynde, Cx.alyue, α. A frequent variation.sayen many prayers, Cx.And they that ben euyl of them ben worst of all other, so, &c., Cx.be, α., Cx. (the latter has other slight variations.)ful, Cx.nouȝt, α.in, α.wel nyh] om. Cx.was] So α. and Cx.; is, MS.and no wonder.seþ, α.slowe, α.frowardly); liche, MS.and to, MS. and α.leieþ, α.no] om. α. and Cx.Harry, Cx.þoyȝ i-come, α.; tho newe comen, Cx.Giraldus. In þis lond, in Wales, and in Scotlond, bee billesbeeþ bellis, α.swerie, α.staues, Cx.in hold, MS.; y holde, Cx.Augustinus de Ciuitate Dei, libro sexto decimo, capitulo septimo. Ȝif me axeþ, how it may be þat dyuerse manere bestes and of dyuerse kynde, þat beeþ kyndeliche i-gete by twene male and female, come and beeþ in ilondes after Noes flood, me troweþmen supposen, Cx.or els, Cx.in to ylondes, Cx.comaundement, Cx., and so be|low.commaunded, Cx.to brynge, Cx.
Hit is comouna comyn, Cx.and is þe] of the, Cx. (his own alteration.)hath, Cx.Brutus, Cx.þerof, MS. and α.they, Cx. (in the same sense.)het, α. (twice.)het, α. (twice.)hatte, α.Giraldus in Topographia.Beda, MS.and, α.Beda, libro primo. Out of Irlond, þat is þe propre contray of Scottes, come Irische men with here duk þat heet Reuda,Renda, Cx. The MSS. both of the text and versions equally re|semble this reading; but Reuda is doubtless correct. See Bede, lib. l. c. l. and Smith's note.Giraldus. Now þe lond is schortliche i-cleped Scotlond of Scottes, þat come out of Irlond and reignede þere inne þre hondred ȝere and fiftene anoon to Reedthe rede, Cx.Malcolins, MS.Dunbar, Cx. Trevisa should have written Canterbury.Egfridus, Cx.hoom] om. Cx., with a few other trivial variations.Isidorus, Ethym., libro quartodecimo. Men of þis Scotlond hatte Scottes in hir owne langage, and Pictes also; for somtyme here body was i-peynt in þis manere. Þey wolde somtyme wiþ scharpe egged tool piccheprycke, Cx.or, Cx.hem, α.for] by cause, Cx.i-peynt. Herodotus.Giraldus, MS. (not α. or Cx.)mylde, MS., α.medlynge, Cx.sleuþe, α.; slouthe, Cx.deieþ, α.whan, Cx.fysshe] Added from Cx.þeiȝ he be, α.; though they, Cx. þey be, MS.þe, α.here, α.for faders, Cx. (as usual.)men, MS.; mennes, Cx.Gi|raldus, dist. prima,De p., MS.; de p., Cx.; Harl. MS.capitulo octavodecimo. Þe princes of Scottes, as þe kynges of Spayne, beeþ nouȝt i-woned to be annoynt noþerenioynted (sic) nother, Cx.Achaia, α., Cx.vnto Constantinus themperours tyme, Cx.Constantyne noble, MS., α.; Con|stantinoble, Cx.wast, α.promise, Cx.I, MS.croys, α.boden, Cx., who has also some slight variations.al] om. α.meyny] om. α.; he and his men, Cx.Seynt added in α.loo] om. Cx.Constantyn noble, MS. and α.; Constantynoble, Cx., and similarly below.swefene, α.that he shold go in to a place whyder an angle (sic) wolde lede him, and so he cam, &c., Cx. A fair spe|cimen of his free handling of the text, which makes a minute colla|tion almost impossible.c and t can hardly be distinguished. toppe, Cx. Both forms are good.Ragmud, MS.tienthe, Cx.hem, MS.
AFTER þe ilondesilond, Cx., who has various other slight alterations in this chapter.þe] om α.twelfe, α.bisshops riches, α.haue dwelled, Cx.ylond, Cx.fifteneþ, α.langage, Cx.; longe age, MS. and α.De varia insulæ nuncupatione. Firste þis ilond hiȝtehit, α.; heyte, Cx.fro ferre, Cx.this, Cx.Seyn, α.seiȝ, α.to sellynge, α.; (not Cx.)They ben.name face, MS.schoon, α.Alfr. Þe Bryȝtische Anglia isAnglians, MS.Solinus. Þe eggeedge, Cx.clyve, α.sholde be, Cx.names, MS.yf the ylonde of Brytayn ne were not, whiche is worthy to haue the name, Cx.Alfr. Þis ilond is i-cleped insula, for hit is in salo, þat is þe see, and is often i-bete wiþ dyuers cours of wateres andwiþ, α., Cx.wiþ] om. α. (not Cx.)
Plinius, libro secundo, capitulo septuagesimo septimo. This Britayne is acounted an holya noble, Cx., β., and γ., which seems right.sette agaynst, Cx.or Fraunce.chif.Beda, libro primo. And for þis londilond, α., Cx.hede, Cx.hit, Cx.whether, Cx.euetide oþer, α.the, Cx.gooþ, α.in þe, α.eyȝtene, α.after, Cx.eyȝtene, α.sixe, α. (omitting houres); and so Cx.Also in, Cx.þere] om. Cx.Plinius. In Meroe, þat ilond is chiefchif, α.black men, Cx.ylonde named, Cx.Isidorus, libro quartodecimo. Britayne is i-sette wiþ ynne occean, as it were wiþ oute þe world, and is i-sette aȝenst Fraunce and Spayne. Giraldus. Bretayne is euen longeevelonge, α.; endlonge, Cx.myddel, Cx.Orosius. Bretayne streccheþ in lengþe out of þe souþ [into þe north, and in þe souþ]and he, MS. (not α. or Cx.)Rutpiniouþ, α.Beda, libro primo. Þat cite is now i-cleped schortliche of Englische men Reptacestre. Solinus. Bre|tayne is eyȝte hondred myle in lengþe, and he be i-metemoten, Cx.Alfr. Þat is from þe Penwythis stretePenwithisstert, α.; Penwithis|tert, β.; Penwithstrete, Cx.fiftene, α,; xv. myle, Cx.Mychels, Cx.vtmeste, α., Cx.in, Cx.Gernemutham, α.; Yarmouthe, Cx.Beda. Onliche outake þe lengest out schetynge of dyuerse forlondes, wiþ þe whiche Britayne is al aboute eyȝte and [fourty]
Giraldus in Topographia.topicis, MS., and similarly elsewhere.Beda. For þis ilond is beest and bringeþis best to brynge forth, Cx.ruthern, Cx.þat, MS.eles, α.Wil|lelmus de Pontificibus, libro tertio. So þat cherlesthe peple, Cx.their swyne, Cx.Beda, libro primo. Þere beeþ ofte i-take dolphyns, and see calues, and baleynes,
whiche, Cx.moskles, α.that men dyen ther with fyn reed, Cx.fayr, Cx.; fayn, α.older, Cx.þe] om. α. (not Cx.)to deled, α.; departed, Cx.Plinius, libro sexto|decimo, capitulo sexto. In þis ilond vnder þe torf of þe lond is good marl i-founde; þe þrift of þe fatnesse drieþ himself þeryn: so þat euere þe þickere þe felde is i-marled, þe better corn it wil bere. Þere is also anoþer manere white marle, þat þe lond is þe better foure score ȝere þat þere wiþ is
Solinus.yf ye wil knowe, Cx.of] om. α.chauffed, Cx.Beda. I-tend in þe fire hit feseþ awey serpentes; ifȝif, α.hatt, α.succuns) has considerable omissions in the pre|vious sentence.Isid., libro quinto|decimo. Þere beeþ schepe þat bereþ good wolle, þere beeþ meny hertes and wylde bestes and fewe wolues; perfore þe schepe beeþ þe more sikerliche wiþ oute [kepynge]felde, MS.wordes, MS.wel] right, Cx.quareres, α.; quareis, Cx.soft, Cx.chark, α.lym, α.make poties, crokkes, Cx.brand, α.couere, Cx.; and so often.Flaundreþ, MS.loueth wel the wulle, Cx.in, MS.Holand, Cx.felles, Cx.Guyan, Cx.Alfridus.Gir., MS.manere, MS.bye, Cx.; bigge, β.þer, α.vys, α.neuere, α, β.but it is, Cx.; and similarly else|where.ledyn, α.; lyden, β.; alle theyr thynges, Cx.and better, Cx.Henre, α.; Henr, β.; Her., MS. Cx. omits the word.is beauteuous (sic) of lond, Cx. Perhaps of lond in the text should be simply cancelled.good, α. β. and Cx.
Solinus. In Brytayne beeþ hoote welles wel arrayed and i-hiȝtadressyd, Cx.endureth, Cx.þere] Added from Cx. and β.; α. has þe þe; where would seem the truer reading.and in to, α.Alfr. In Bretayn, beeþ many wondres; neuerþeles foure beeþ most wonderful. Þe firste is at Pectoun; þere bloweþ so strong a wynde out of cheneschynes, α. Cx.apperceyued, Cx.Cherdhoke, Cx.ofte, Cx.reysed, Cx.noon, α.byclipped, Cx.egle his nest, α.; varied in Cx.wole, α.; will, Cx.þe, α.Saturdat, α.þis, α. (not Cx.)moche.theyr, Cx.And, Cx.be torned away, Cx.fro, Cx.a den or a caue, Cx.dure.westones, α.toppe, Cx.; c and t are almost identical in MSS., and both readings are good.riȝt] om. Cx., who often omits wel in similar passages.meete, α.; lengthe and mesure, Cx.kneoleþ, α.Giraldus in Topo|graphia. Faste by þe mynistremynster, Cx.Giraldus in Itinerario.to deleþ], departeth, Cx.wheþer, α., Cx.oversett, α., Cx.is a samoun, MS.Willelmus de Regibus, libro secundo. Take hede how greet liȝt and briȝtnesse of Goddiss myldenesse haþ by schynebe shewed vpon, Cx.sith, Cx.; soþeliche, MS.right, Cx.if, MS.oo, α.lif] om. α.; euerlastyngnes, Cx.þis, α.Cutberd, α., Cx.; the latter adds, and Seynt Edward and many other.beeþ, MS.truste, α., Cx.
After þe firste BrutesBrutys, α. (not Cx.)þe] So MS., α. β., and Cx.; but the correction is certain.and] om. α. and Cx. (Interline|ated in MS.)now is, α.merkes, Cx., which is better.Beda, libro primo, capitulo duodecimo.vicesimo, Cx., wrongly.they, Cx.Ebburcuring, Cx.armes, MS.right, α.Alcluid, α.; Alcliud, Cx., who has Clintstone, and Clynt below.ferther, Cx.Brut his, α.; Bruytes, Cx.where as, Cx., who varies the construction.Brennicorum, α.; Brenycorn, Cx.children for kynges.þat, α., Cx.Wales, Wallia, α., Cx.side of, MS. (not α. or Cx.)Strygelyn.diche, α.to, Cx.it, Cx.Basingwerke, β., Cx.as it shal be sayd here after, Cx.of] a, α., Cx.a, Cx.Walsshmen.)
BRETAYNE haþ þre ilondes þat beeþ nygh and longeþ þerte' alle wiþ oute þe ylondes Orcades, as hit were answeringe to þe þre cheef parties of Bretayne. For þe yle of WightWiȝt, α.Anglesia, α., Cx.mon before Wales (not α. or Cx.)Engelond, MS.oþere] Added from α. and Cx.Menauia, Cx.; see above.which longeth, Cx.Wiȝt, α.Beda, libro primo, capitulo tertio. Claudius sent Vespasianus, and Vespasianus wan Wighte,Wiȝt, α.Wiȝt, α.sixe, α.clyve, α.Beda, libro quarto, capitulo quinto.
mesure, Cx.Giraldus in Itinerario. Mon, þat hatte Angleseia also, is departed from þeþe] om. α. and Cx., probably rightly.brood] om. Cx. (typogr. error?)Cantredus, ., Cx. (but Candredes above.)Mon mam Kembry, þat is to menynge in Englische Mon moder of Wales. For whan oþere londes lakkeþ mete, þat lond is so good þat hit semeþ þat it wolde fynde corn i-now for alle þe men of Wales. And so it semeþ þat þe hilles of SnowdoniaSnawdonia, α.for alle the bestes of Wales, α. The whole sentence is omitted in Cx.
In þat arme of þe see, þat departeth bytwene þis ilond Mon and Norþ Wales,that departeth this londe and North Wales, Cx.swolwȝ, α.; swolow, Cx.draweth shippes to it, Cx.by.Cilla and Caribdis, MS., α., and Cx.swolouȝ, α.Man, MS.chapitre, α. Sentence varied in Cx.Giraldus in Itinerario. Þe þridde ilond þat hatte boþe Eubonia and Menania, þat is Man, stondeþ in þe myddesmyddel, α., Cx.Galway, α.; Gallewaye, Cx.Beda, libro secundo, capitulo nono. Þis ilond Man conteyneþ as hit were tweie ilondes; þe firste is souþward, þe more contray and better corn lond, and conteyneþ nyne hondred housholdes and þre score. Þe secounde conteyneþ þe space of þre hondred and moo, as Englische men telleþ.gessiþ, α.; gesse, Cx.Giraldus in Topographia. Som tyme was stryf wheþer þis ilond ManMam, MS. (clerical error.)longe, Cx.for as moche as, Cx.wordes, MS.iugged, Cx.wil, α.; wold, Cx.the mo knottes he must vndo, Cx.wat, α.lond by typogr. error; β. has lond, but makes various blunders.Beda, libro secundo. Scottes woned first in þis ilond. Thanatos,Thanathos, MS.i-bodere, α.fruyȝtful, α.hit is supposed that, Cx.; and similarly often.
Gaufridus. Molinicius, kyng of Britouns,Molimicius, α.; and so below; Moliuncius, Cx., and Molyuncius below.þat þat, MS. (not α. or Cx.)and hiȝe temples (not α. or Cx.)wente, Cx.or for, Cx.saaf, α.al, α.had, Cx. (who has some omis|sions.)kynges, Cx. (not α.)priuelegys.)thurgh, Cx.Totenes, α.at Totteneys . . . in Corne|wayle] om. Cx.and] om. α. and Cx.Coteswold, α.þwat, α.; thwert, Cx.Donsteble, α.Stredfore, α.Atherystoun, α.Cardigan, α.; Cardykan, Cx.Erisch, α.Erymingestrete, α.; Erimynge|strete, Cx.Dauyes, α.; Dauid, Cx.for, MS.; Cx. has some omissions, and a few slight varia|tions of orthography.Birmingtham, α.
Alfridus. Thre famous ryueres renneþ þoruȝ Britayne; by þe whiche þre ryueres marchaundis of byȝonde see comeþ in schippes into Bretayne wel nyh oute of alle manere naciouns and londes. ÞeThese, Cx.the, Cx.a sondre, Cx., who probably read atwynne (as in β. and γ.); the text seems cor|rupt.myddel Englond, Wales, Cx.these, Cx.Themse, α.two riuers, Cx.and stremes, Cx.Hampton, Cx.Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro secundo.c. (i.e. capitulo) for libro.in som place, Cx.Britons.the, Cx.departeth in somme place, Cx.Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro quarto. Seuarne is swift of streme, fische craft is þere ynne, woodnesse of swolwynge and of whirlynge water casteþ vp and gadereþ to hepe grete hepes of grauel. Seuarne is ofte vppeofte aryseth, Cx.brymmes, α.; ouerfloweth the bankes, Cx.drowned, Cx., and so often.Lyndeceie, α.Ouse, α.and renneþ, MS. (not Cx.)Tre|uisa. Þe Merces were men as hit were of myddel Engelond, as it is i-seide wiþ ynne.as it shal be sayd here after, Cx.
Beda, libro primo, capitulo primo. The kyngdom of Bre|tayne [was]made fair, Cx.right, Cx.strongly buylded, Cx.Alfr.þat is Caerlud, MS. (not α. or Cx.)Caerclon, Cx.Caerleyl, Cx.; Carerlile, MS.Lyncolne and Lyncoln, MS.Lyndecolyn, Cx., which is better.Sisecetre, Cx.Ligecetre, Cx.Caerbathon, Cx.Chaftisbury, α.cronykes, α., Cx.of whom it shal folowe, C.Wil|lelmus de Pontificibus, libro secundo. Londoun is a real and a riche citee vppon TemseTemyse, α.burgeyses, Cx.rychesses, Cx.Englond in Cx. thus:— comynly at London it is best cheep by cause of the byars and sellars that ben at London.Gaufri|dus. Bruyt,Bruyt is, MS. (not α. or Cx.)edefyed, Cx.destroyed, Cx.Troyeneweth, Cx.ooþer, α.and, α.twelue, α. (in letters).Caerguent.one Wyne, Cx.propheciede þere somtyme. See below.Shaftesbury, Cx.Englische man, MS.Athamannes, Cx. (wrongly, but misled by the identity of c and t in MSS.)Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro secundo. In þis citee welleþ vp and springeþ hote baþes, and me weneþ þat Iulius Cesar made þere suche bathes. ℞. But Gaufre Monemutensis, in his BrittischeBritons, Cx.; and so below.by cause that, Cx.þat] om. Cx., who does not understand the sense of the sen|tence.or, α.not best aduysedly, Cx.made hit, MS. (not α. or Cx.)in the, Cx.and sulphure.made hoote, Cx.tetres, α., Cx.Treuisa. Þey me myȝt by craft make hote bathes for to dure long i-now, þis accordeþ wel to resoun and to philosofie þat treteþ of hote welles and baþes, þat beeþ in dyuerse londes, þeiȝ þe water of þis bathe be more troubly and heuyere of smelle and of sauour þan oþere hote bathes þat I haue i-seie at AkeneOkene, α.; Akon, Cx.whiche been, Cx.toppe, Cx.Powisy, α.þe] om. α.i-longed, α.; clause omitted in Cx.i-digged] digged, α.and dwellyd there.prophecie, MS.a citee; coit is a wode. And so hit semeþ þat Caerludcoit is to menynge Lud his wode toun.Lud is wolde his toun, MS.Sos (typ. error?).hiȝ way, α.
Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro tertio. York is a grete citee in eiþer side of þe water of Ouse, þat semed as faire as Rome, forto þatvnto the tyme that, Cx.and, α., Cx.sawe, Cx., and so usually.ar he wente out] to fore, Cx.Gaufridus. Ebrankus, þe fifte kyng of Britouns, bulde York,Ȝork, α.Caerebrank, α.Edenburgh, α.; and so below.Alcluid, α.; Alcliud, Cx.Edynborugh, α.contrayes, α.departeth, Cx.welle.that, Cx.Aldburgh, Cx.and, MS.solace and, Cx.Agalon, Cx.in, Cx.Engelshe, α.Aldeburgh, MS. and α. (not Cx.) add, by a clerical error of repetition, þat is to menynge.y-tylled, Cx.Burcham, Cx.Dame ye now where it is bylded.Treuisa.Cartago, MSS. and Cx.; and so below.Cartago, MSS. and Cx.; and so below.parisshe, Cx.Egge, Cx.Wikwarre, Wykpayn, and Wik, α. and Cx.right, Cx.; and so often.Cliud, Cx.Willelmus de Pontificibus.]vawte, Cx.neuere myzte, α., Cx.Marii victoriæ. What þis writinge is to mene, som dele I doute; but itbut yf it, Cx.leyȝe, α.better, Cx.Britouns, MS.howses, Cx.vys, α.voutes, Cx., who has large omissions here.Lyndiffern, α.Twyde, α.; Thwede, Cx. (who has next).that now, Cx.þat, α., Cx.Meuros, α., Cx.Haly ylond, Cx.Bobbes, Cx.Bamborw, α.Giraldus in Itinere. Tweye citees þere beeþ, eiþer hatte Caerlegioun and Caerleoun also; oon is Demecia in Souþ Wales, þat hatte Caerusk also; þere þe ryuer VsqueUsk, α.see] om. Cx.Domecia, MS. (not α. or Cx.)þat hatte Caerusk.Vaspasianus, MSS. and Cx. (who has Genyus.)brand, α.nobley, Cx.palayses, Cx.gyant, α.and ther in a grete, Cx.hem, Cx.adourned, Cx.see, Cx.court, α., Cx.Treuisa. Ȝif GeraldGiraldus, Cx.wheþer, α.þis] hit, α., Cx.neiþer] noþer, α.by, MS.so] soþ, MS. (not Cx.)be, α.Treuisa. ÞisThat, Cx.Ranulph, α.; Ranulphus, Cx.cronyke, α., Cx. The extract from Trevisa is much varied in Cx.in north, Cx.were, Cx. (typ. error.)Caerchleon, α.a, Cx.prise samoun, α.; pris of samon, Cx.This, Cx.moche, Cx.with vowtes and stonewerke, Cx., who has chambred below.mennes, Cx.in stones] These words ought to be cancelled, but Trevisa perhaps misunderstood the Latin. Cx. changes money into name.wiþ olde men names.of, MS.Northumberland, Cx.
Treuisa. God woot what þis is to mene, but poetesportes, MS.his, MS.diuerse, Cx.; probably rightly.feyned, Cx.called Cx.Protheus, MSS. and Cx.forsayd, Cx.nouȝht ful wys] lewdly, Cx.Protheus, MSS. and Cx.
TAKE hede þatþan, MS.the ilondes, Cx.Alfridus. These beeþ þe names of þe erldoms and schires: Kent, Souþsex, Souþeray, Hampschire, Barkschire, þat haþ þat name of a baar ook þat is in þe forest of Wyndesore; for at þat bare ook men of þat schire were i-wont come to gidres and make here tretys, and þere take hir counsail, and rede.reed, α.; aduys, Cx. (who has other slight variations.)heet, Cx.nyne schires be souþ, as, MS.which were, Cx., who omits as above.Westsaxene, α.by the West Saxon lawe, Cx.Cambryggeshyre, Cx.Herefordschire, α; Herdford|shire, Cx.wete, Cx., and so often.of] om. α.; clause varied in Cx.Theyse, α.in the, Cx.is, α. (not Cx.)forsaide] om. Cx., probably rightlythese prouynces); destroyed, MS.and half a schire, α. and Cx.and schire townes, MS.Wherof, Cx.tylienge, α.vyllages, Cx., who varies the sentence considerably.Treuisa.And whereas a fore is wreton that Cornuayll is not sette amonge the shires of Englond, it may stonde amonge them wel ynowgh. For it is neyther in Wales ne in Scotland, but is in Englond, and ioyneth to Deuens|shire. And so may ther ben acompted in Englond xxxvij. shires and a half with the other shires."aleyd, α.
DUNWALLO, þat hete MoluntiusMoliuncius, Cx., and so below.þe] om. α., Cx.were solompnly (sic) obserued vnto, Cx.refuge, Cx.He, α.and] om. α. and Cx.Aluredus, α. and Cx.in fere] om. Cx., and also below.and]. Here and above the sense requires þat.cam, Cx.the confessour, Cx.hadde, MS.I] Iche, α.it wel don, Cx.Aluredus, α. and Cx.Myndebruche, Cx.of worschippe and of honour, α.in, Cx., everywhere.bleschur, Cx., and so below.Burchbruch, Cx.brekynge] Added from α. and Cx.displeix, Cx.surte, α.Infangthef, α.; which is the more usual form. Cx. has some omissions here, and further on.laroun eschape, MS. (not α.)Sokne, α.Wergelthef, α.laron, α.Gultwite, Cx.Leyrwe, MS.Danagild, MS.; Dane|gheld, Cx.euericha, MS.towneswepene, MS.Lestage, α., Cx.
The kyngdom of Bretayne stood wiþoute departynge hool and alle oon kyngdom to þe Britouns fram þe firste Bruyt anon to Iulius Cesar his tyme; [and fro Iulius Cesar his tyme]same, MS.Carecticus, Cx.Aluredes, α.Edward his, α.what] om. Cx.Alfridus. Þe firste kyng|dom was þe kyngdom of Kent, þat streccheþ from þe est occean anoon to þe ryuer of Temse. Þere reigned þe firste Hengistus, and bygan to reigne by Denys acountes þe ȝere of oure Lord foure hondred and fife and fifty. Þat kyngdom durede þre hondred ȝere þre score and eiȝte vnder fiftene kynges, for to þat Baldred was i-putte out. AndAnd] So α. and Cx.; of, MS.had, α.in west side, MS. (w being erased.)Cambrygeshire, Cx.kyngdoms, MS.west, MS. (first hand).eleaene, α.Schrouesbury, α.of] om. α. and Cx.þe] om. α.ryuer, MS.Wirhal, Cx.about two clxiij., Cx.by, MS.to kepe.þis] MS. (not α. or Cx.)þe] om. α.of þe, MS.Mersee, α., Cx.Weryd, α.; Werid, Cx.and tillede, MS. Sentence varied in Cx.Tyme, MS.ȝere, α.Dionys, α.þe kyng, α., Cx.ȝere, α.to onynge, α.to þe, MS.Merse, α.ase, α.; a see, Cx.; asse, MS.Mauncestre, Cx.
Alfridus. Lucius was þe first Cristene kyng of Britons.the first kynge cristend of the Brytons, Cx.; who has a few other trivial alterations below.Caerusk, α.Glamorgan, α., Cx.departed, Cx.Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro primo.into, α.þe] om. α., Cx.burgesyes, Cx.i-dured, α.; dured, Cx.vnto, Cx.suggestioun, MS.Giraldus in Itin., libro primo. Þe archebisshoppis see was i-torned out of Caer|leoun in to Meneuia, þat is in þe west side of Demecia, vppon þe Irische see, in Seint DauyesDauids, Cx. (twice).Meneuia now hatte, and no more.form, MS.Dauids, Cx. (twice).evel, α.Armonica, MS.; Armonyca, Cx.Notheles, α.; Netheles, Cx.Wales were, MS. (not Cx.)suffrigans, Cx.; suffrages, MS.suggestioun, MS., and so below (not Cx.)tokyn, α., Cx.þe, α., Cx.þese, α.; thyse, Cx.sumwhat schal, α.prayers, Cx., who varies the sentence.De episcopis australibus. Þe bisshopp [of Rouchestre]parysche, α. and Cx., who omits chirche.þat] om. Cx.þe] om. α.cee, α.þat has been changed to at.
Willelmus. Haue mynde þat alle þe prouince of West|saxon hadde alwey oon bisshop from þe bygynnynge anoon to Theodores comynge.time, Cx.kyng Islo, MS., Cx.purposed, Cx.Agilbert, Cx.þat þe, MS.; not α. or Cx.Agilbert, Cx.Wyne, α.whan som, MS. (first hand.)þe, α., Cx.i-put, α.sugett, α.Adelin, Cx.Barkshire, Cx.Trevisa.it, α.sawe, α.; it seemeth by this that, &c., Cx.Wil|lelmus. Afterward in elder Edwardes tyme to þe[se]þese, α., Cx.oþer þre oþere, MS.; thre other, Cx.commaundment, Cx.þre, Cx.Crettoun, α.; Kryton, Cx.beheste, MS.was, MS. (not α. or Cx.)Cryttoun, α.; Kyrton, Cx.
Willelmus.subget, Cx.Donwyk, α., Cx.Boneface, Cx.xvij., MS.was left onliche. Cx. agrees with text.Estrene, α., Cx.his, α.þe] added from α. and Cx.þe] added from α. and Cx.to fore, Cx.a good toun callyd. Cx.
Willelmus. Here take hede þat as þe kyngdom of Mercia was alwey grettest for þe tyme, so it was i-deled in mo bisshopriches, andand of, MS. (not α. or Cx.)whiche, Cx.Liȝchefeld, α.Lydefar, Cx.Germuannus, Cx.Edelfredes, Cx.apud Hymdoun, α.; apud Hyn|don, Cx.he, Cx.Edelwyn, Cx.þat longed to Mercia] om. α. and Cx.Thedorus, α.Ethelred, α., Cx.this, β., Cx.Rouchestre Herforde, MS. The former word is very slightly ex|puncted in α., which would lead us to suspect, as do many other things, that the standard MS. may have been copied from α., or that both are copies of the same MS. The text of β. and Cx. is correct.of, β., Cx.aȝe, α.hulde, α.hem, MS. (not α., β. or Cx.)þre, α.the, Cx.bishop of, MS. (not α. or Cx.)of] om. α.Lyndefare, α.
Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro quarto, capitulo secundo. At York was oon see for alle þe prouince of Norþhumberlond. Paulinus hulde first þat see, and was i-ordeyned of þe bisshopþat, MS.Wil|lelmus, libro tertio. And so þe bisshopriche of ȜorkYork the bis|shopriche, MS.cesede, α.cxxv. yere, Cx.So among] om. Cx.Adrianus, MS.; Aida|nus, α.Finianus, Cx.Willelmus, ubi supra. At þe laste he wente to Scotlonde wiþ grete indingnacioun, for Wilfrede vndertook hym for he hylde vnlawfulliche Esterday; þritty ȝere after þat Paulinus was agoogoon, Cx.; ago, β. The text is a little corrupt, probably ȝork should be added after from, or from cancelled (as in γ.).Beda, libro quarto. But [while]efourþe, MS. and α.in to, Cx.arered] om., Cx.Odorus, MS.Cumbert, Cx.Holy Ylond, Cx.Etheldredus, MS.Whitne, MS.and, Cx.Kunegestre, α. and Cx.brought thyder, Cx.alle oute] vtterly, Cx.regne, Cx.Caerleyl, Cx.; Cornwayle, MS.
THE archebisshop of Canterbury haþ vnder hym þrit|tene bischoppes in Engelond, and foure in Wales. Þat beeþ Rouchestre, he haþ vnder hym Kent allone;aloon, α. Sentence varied in Cx.Barkshire, Cx.; who has other slight variations of orthography and expression.Mersee, Cx.Rypyl, α.of Engelonde, Lyncolne, MS.Buggyngham, α.; Bokyngham, Cx.Merlond, α. and Cx.; and so below.Norfolk and Suffolk, Cx.euer hit, α. and Cx.; it euere, MS.Engelond, MS. (not α. or Cx.)constrayne to gadre, Cx.bisshop, Cx.Henries, α.starte, Cx.noyeful, α., Cx.
BRETOUNS wonede first in þis ilond þe ȝere of Hely þe preost eiȝtetene; of Siluius Posthumnus, kyng of Latyns, eleuene; after þe takynge of Troye, þre and fourty ȝere; to fore þe byldynge of Rome, foure hundred and two and þritty.Beda, libro primo. Þei come hider and took hir cours from Armorik, þat now is þe oþer Bretayne; þey helde long tyme
Scicia or Scitia, MSS., as usual; and so below.and hiȝt, α.; and he hiȝte, MS.hymself, MS.they, Cx.Gaufridus. In Vaspacian þe emperour his tyme, whan Marius Aruiragus his sone was kyng of Bretouns, onone, Cx.Scicia or Scitia, MSS., as usual; and so below.to, MS.by, Cx.by, Cx.Giraldus, capitulo septimodecimo. Noþeles SeruiusSirinus, MS. and Cx.Agartirses, α.flewme, Cx.ofte boxed and lete blood, Cx.body, α., Cx.wente, Cx.fayre, Cx.þe] om. α., Cx.þe] om. α., Cx.Gaufridus.Caraucius, MS. (which has Careucius below), and Harl. MS.slouȝ, α.i-melled, α.seþþe þat Pictes, α., Cx.firste, Cx.þere þey wonede added in MS. (not in α. or Cx.)vnto the tyme that, Cx.Beda, libro primo, capitulo primo. Afterward longe tyme the Scottes were i-lad by duke Reuda, and com out of Irlond, þat is þe propre contray of Scottes, and wiþ loue oþer wiþ strengþe made hem a place faste by þe Pictes in þe norþ
weþe, MS.Reuda, α.dal. Giraldus, distinctione prima. Þe Pictes myȝte haue noonno, α.narowe, α., Cx.Maria|nus. Irisch Scottes londede at Argoyl,Argayl, α., Cx.doo harme to, Cx.alonde in Britayne, α.Beda. And so the Scottes after Bretouns and Pictes made þe þridde manere ofof] om., α.comeþe, α.; come the, Cx.helpe hem, Cx.and] om., α. and Cx. (the latter has other omissions.)streiȝt, α.of men, α., Cx.Beda, libro quinto, capitulo quinto.nono, Cx.clepeþ schortly þe, MS.badde men to calle, Cx.londe of, MS.Alfridus. Þanne after þat þe Danes pursued þe lond, aboute a two hondred ȝere, þat is to menynge from þe forseide Egbertes tyme anon to Seint Edwardes tyme, and made þe fifte manere peple in þe ilond, bot þey faillede afterward. At þe laste come Normans vnder duke William his tyme,his tyme] om. α. and Cx., pro|bably rightly.kepe they, Cx.Henry his tyme, α.put thens and dryuen, Cx.is in] that is, Cx.i-melled, α.; ben men medled, Cx.Giraldus, distinctione prima, capitulo 17. Bretayne was som|tyme occupied wiþ Saxons, and pees was i-made and i-stabledstablysshyd, Cx.the (sic) Scottes, α., Cx.siȝe, α.; sawe, Cx., who varies the sentence.and] om., α.hauyng therof enuye.naturel, Cx.tresoun . . . apasseþ, α.only, α.; alyue, Cx.werriours were, Cx.were wel, MS.theyr, Cx.; his, MS. There is much confusion of num|bers generally, and of the pronouns especially, in the MSS. of Trevisa's text.Pictelond, α., Cx.þe, α., Cx.
As it is i-knowe how meny manere peple beeþ in þis ilond, þere beeþ also so many dyuersdyuers] om. α. and Cx.melled beþ, α.kepe neygh yet, Cx.yet tho, Cx.speken lyke to Saxons, Cx.þei] added from α. and Cx.souþorn, norþorn, α.many thynges, Cx.strong, MS.wlaffyng, Cx.grysbitynge, α., Cx.of þe] om. α.; appayrynge of the langage, Cx.seþþe þe, α.forto, α.Treuisa. Þis manere was moche i-vsed to for firste
to fore þe firste moreyn, α.Sir Iohan, Cx.; who greatly varies the remainder of the extract from Trevisa.gramyre, α.þat, α.of] om. α.in al, α.; and alle, MS.comeþ, MS.soun, α.And the langage of Normandye is comen oute of another lond, and hath one maner soune among al men that speketh it in Englond; for a man of Kente, southern, western, and northern men speken Frensshe al lyke in sowne and speche; but they can not speke theyr Englyssh so."Treuisa. Neuerþeles þere is as many dyuers manere Frensche in þe reem of Fraunce as is dyuers manere Englische in þe reem of Engelond. ℞. Also of þe forsaide Saxon tonge þat is i-deled aþre, and is abide scarsliche wiþ fewe vplondisshe
west is, MS. (not α.).Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro tertio. Al þe longage of þe Norþhumbres, and specialliche at ȝork, is so scharp, slitting, and frotynge and vnschape, þat we souþerne men may þat longage vnneþe vnderstonde. I trowe þat þat is bycause þat þey beeþ nyh to straunge men and naciounsaliens, α. β.straungleliche, β. and Cx.; which seems right, but the extract from William is so altered, that Caxton's critical authority is here very slight.he, α. β.for hit] om. α. β.; is by cause that ther is, Cx.
Giraldus in Itinerario. For þe maneres and þe doynge of Walsche men and of Scottes beeþ to fore honde somdel declared, now of þe maneres and of þe doynges of þe medledmelled, α.myghty, Cx., who has also many slight variations.haueþ, α.þe] om. α.and by cause, MS. (not α. or Cx.)these, Cx.þis crafte ys nat usyd þer now as y trow. Note in MS.i-sode] So α.; is sode, MS.reame, α.; royamme, Cx.synes, α.i-medled or medled is generally melled in α.places, Cx., who has a few other slight variations.torne, α.Also, MS.on, α.; ful of, Cx.Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro tertio,) þat whan þey haueþ destroyed here enemyes al to þe grounde, þanne þey fiȝteþ wiþ hem self, and sleeþ eueriche oþer, as a voyde stomak and a clene worcheþ in hit self. [℞.]beþ, α.vse, Cx.; who has also various slight deviations throughout the extract.and in drynk] om. α. and Cx.Me supposeth, Cx.vse, MS. (not α. or Cx.)souper, α.; at dyner and at soper also, Cx. (but the improvement seems to be his own. See the text.)wonte, Cx.strounge, MS.þy, α.þeyȝ, α.oþer] om. α. and Cx.heritage] om. α. and Cx.of, α., Cx.Polycraticon, libro sexto. Þerfore Eugenius þe pope seide þat Englisshe men were able to do what euere þey wolde, and to be sette and putte to fore alle oþere, nerene were that light wytte, Cx., just after.Hanyba, MS.ȝymman, α.no stat, α.beryng outward, Cx.herowdes, Cx.hucksters, Cx.prebendis, Cx.Trevisa. In wynnynge þey beeþ Argy, in trauaile Tantaly, in takynge hede Dedaly, and in beddes Sardanapally. For to vnderstonde þis reson ariȝt foure wordes [þerof]a side, MS.i-see, MS.slow, α.stondes, α.þe] om. α.brered, α.mouþ] om. α.where seems to be required. See p. 187.subtyl and a slye, Cx.; who has very much re-cast the whole extract from Trevisa.kuyre, α.Henricus, libro sexto. Englisshe men for þey woneþ hem to dronkelewnesse, to tresoun, and to rechelesnesse of Goddes hous, first by Danes and þanne by Normans, and at þe þridde tyme by Scottes, þat þey holdeþ most wrecches and leste worþ of alle, þey schulleþ be
Explicit Liber Primus.
AFTER þat places and contrees beeþ [rekened and]ȝif] om. Cx.; badly, not per|ceiving the extract from Trevisa to be parenthetical.Trevisa. Here isþis, α., Cx.and] om. Cx.resonable, Cx.so ordeyned, α.; so ordeyning, Cx.ensaumple] om. Cx.be for beeþ); þat beeþ so i-ordeyned, MS. and α.þe oþere, α.forne, Cx.þan, MS.þe] om. α.and] om. α.; al maner thynges, Cx.lasse, MS.and in dipnesse] om. α.Here ys þe proporcyon of mannys body. Note in MS.So α; ben, MS.rygge, α.; rigge, Cx.o, capitulo 18o, seiþ þat as moche space as is bytwene cinit,
wolkyn, α.; firmament, Cx.hym, Cx., more correctly.heued, α.the, Cx.o,and, α., Cx.alyue, α.bymeneþ, MS.about the, Cx.the eyther, Cx.in his, Cx.eyer, α.enclosed, Cx.quaketh, Cx.writhed, Cx.here, α.contray failleþ, MS.lymes, α.and, α., Cx. The latter varies the sentence.highest, Cx.lowest, Cx.high, Cx.beestes, Cx.at þe, MS. (not α. or Cx.)so.and from, MS. (not α. or Cx.)men, MS.felynges, MS. (first hand.)lungen, α.homo in Latyn and antroposantrapos, α.heued, α.he, α.as hit, α., Cx.in al, Cx.and ȝif þeiȝ, α.; and though, Cx. Probably ȝif should be cancelled.meuynge, α.soffrynge liche, α.the body more, MS.fleeþ, MS.Jubiter, MS.o, capitulo 3o, seieþ þat as þe vtter parties of þe grete worlde welleþ and springeþ ful of myracles, won|dres, and meruailles, as in Ynde, in Ethiopia, Blomenblew men, α.where. See p. 173.þat, MS.many, Cx.wicching, α.; wirchyng, Cx.dreyeþ, α.Trivallis and in Iliricis, MS.haueþ, α.ye, α.forbuson, α.; forbyson, Cx.Pirus or Pirrus, MS.whan the other partyes of his bodye was (sic) brente, Cx.Also Plinius, libro 7o, capitulo 17o,al hool, Cx.oþere, α., Cx.Ibidem, capi|tulo 18o. Som men lyueþ þatand, α., Cx.marouȝ, α.; mary, Cx.a thirst, Cx.Trevisa. Som men telleþ þat som man
Thomme, α.; Tom, Cx.heed without hurt, Cx. (omitting the rest of the sentence.)hit] om. α.Also Plinius, libro 7o, capi|tulo 21o, seiþ þat som men hadde in to alle þe body senewes, even i-streiȝt,i-straut, α.; strayght, Cx.and, α., Cx.nauyes and shippes, Cx.him, Cx.myles, Cx.Also Plinius, libro xi., capitulo 44o, seiþ þat Tiberius Cesar sigh more clereliche in derkenesse þan in liȝt, so þat whan he were awaked anyȝtwaked in the nyght, Cx.i-see, MS.Also Plinus, libro 7o, capitulo 27o. Som were wonder myȝty of mynde, as Cyrus kyng of Pers, that to al þe kynȝtes of his oost ȝaf certayne names. And Seneca, libro primo declamationum, seiþ of hym self, þat he was so myȝty of mynde þat he rehersed two þowsand names arewe by herte in þe same ordre as þey were i-seide. And þat he rehersede mo þan two hondred vers þat oþer men hadde i-ȝeue,yeuen, Cx.messager, α.salewed, Cx.hadde made, Cx.atte firste herynge, Cx.Also Plinius, libro 7o, capitulo 21o,men, Cx. (and so generally.)Also Plinius, libro 7o, capi|tulo 18o, seiþ þat som men haueþ more strengþe in þe riȝt side, and som haueþ more in þe liftleft, α.mennes, Cx. (with other slight variations above and below.)þis ys a merveyle. Note in MS.Also libro 7o, capitulo 17o, we redeþ þat oo man lowhlouȝ, α.Also, Capitulo 20o. MenMe, α., and also Cx. (contrary to his custom.)spytte, Cx., and so below.balked, Cx.Trevisa. RoggeRogger, Cx. (not α.)coughed, α., Cx.Also Seneca, ubi prius, capitulo 4o. And as hit is among oþeroþere, α.androgimus, α. Both in Trevisa and in the Harl. translation we should read androgynous.chaunge wonderly, Cx.o, capitulo 29o, toucheþ þat A. GelliusAgellius, MS., α., and Harl. MS.atticaruco, MS., α., and Cx. (not Harl. MS.) Several proper names have been tacitly corrected throughout the chapter.magel, Cx.syȝe, α.; sawe, Cx. (and so usually.)a man, α., Cx.Lasciuius, MSS.consuls, ., Cx.þe] om. α., Cx.o de animalibus, spekeþ of an hen þat hadde ouercome a cok in fiȝtinge, and after þe fiȝtynge and þe victorie, heshe, Cx.i-crowe, α.Also capitulo 50o. Trogus seiþ in Egipt beeþ seven children i-boreni-bore, α.; born, Cx. (The latter varies the sentence.)selde, α.Also capitulo 12o. And somtyme a womman conceyueþ twey children and is but a litel tyme bytwene; and so þe children ben afterward i-bore oon after oþer, and beeþ perfit i-now, as hit was of Hercules and his broþer Iphicles.Hispicle, or Hispicles, MSS.; Hispycle, Cx.ferde or happend, Cx.compyner, Cx. (who has other slight variations.)mayden, α.Also, capitulo 13o. Som bereþ children liche to [hem self and some liche to þe fader, and som liche to no man. Some bereþ douȝters liche to þe faderfadris, β.some α.some of] om. β.of] om. α. and Cx.for, MS.Hugo, capitulo malo. Me seiþ þat wommen kyndewomans kynde, Cx.; kyn|dynde, MS.he, α.; she, Cx.he, α.; she, Cx.coluers, α., Cx., who adds or dowues.where.leieþ, α.; leyed, Cx. (with other slight variations.)he, α.þe] om. α. and Cx. (which is better.)Plinius, libro 7o, capitulo 13o. Þerfore in a man beeþ many dyuersitees, for swiftnes of þouȝtes and chaungynge of witte in þe concepcioun preentiþemprynteth, Cx.yliche, α.
Augustinus de Civitate Dei, libro 16o, capitulo 7o. Off broodes, þat beeþ wonderliche i-schape, me axeþ ȝif þey come of Adam and Noe. Som of hem hatte Cyclopes, and haueþ but oon eyȝe in þe for heed. Some haþhaveþ, α.childer, Cx. (with other slight variations.)he, α., Cx.and, α.Cyopodes, MS., &c.nyuelynge, α.; neuelynge, β.Wherto, Cx.mishappen men, Cx.melled, α.come, α., Cx.syngeth, Cx.owres, Cx.baar, α.he, Cx.the cancer, the signe, Cx.mennes, Cx. (twice.)mennes, Cx. (twice.)Trevisa. Here take hed þat þe cercle þatthat); of, MS.a propre name, Cx.sceene, α.γ.; scene, β; stewe, Cx. There is very little doubt that scenc (Germ. Schenk) is the true reading. See Glossary.beþ, α.assigne, MS.Aprile, Cx.declared, Cx., α.Isidorus, Etymolog., libro xjo. Som tyme burþes beeþ i-bore wonderliche andand] om. α.to] om. α.and to kenning, Cx., who has also various slight alterations.longe, α.Excerses, MS., &c.vndo, α., Cx.Alisaundre his, α.the).alyue, Cx.bodede, α.; betokened, Cx.kyngdom, MS.Trevisa.cristened, Cx.sixe, MS.names, MS., and α.Item Isidorus, libro ijo, capitulo 3o. Somtyme is grisliche and wonderliche chaungynge and schapyngewonderfully chaungyng of schappes, Cx.som] om. α.cheaffers, α.; chauers, Cx.
Augustinus, libro 18o, capitulo 6o. In þe manere of wonder|ful tornynge, chaungynge, and schappinge of men and wommen hit is to holdynge þat fendes and euel men mowe make no kynde, noþer chaunge þat is i-made. Neuerþeles Almyȝti God soffreþ liknesse of þinges dyuersliche forto seme,sene, MS. (not α. or Cx.)dreamyng or sweuenyng, Cx. (who has various slight alterations.) Trevisa's translation is not very in|telligible, and may be a little cor|rupt.lokeþ, MS. (not α.)
THEY man, as it is i-seide, be liche [and]in two, Cx.prerogatiue, α.body] om. α.were, α., Cx.of] to, Cx.withouten ony rebellion, Cx.in to, Cx.swoot, α.; swete, Cx.to] om. α., Cx.and atte, Cx.him, α.in, α.he, Cx. (twice.)he, Cx. (twice.)dispensacioun, MS.men, MS.and aweyward, α.; and way|ward, Cx.profit is (is of, α.) berþe sorwe, MS. and α.in hym, MS. (not α. or Cx.)Plinius, libro 17o, capi|tulo 13o.shelles, Cx.veþeres, α.helynge or keueryng, Cx.and yf, Cx.mystweie happes, MS.hym] om. α., Cx.þat] om. Cx.noþer, α.myrour, Cx.þei, β.; α, γ.; they, Cx., rightly; but see p. 237 note.dwelle, Cx.; dye, MS.
ADAM was i-made of erþe in the filde of Damask þe sixte day of þe world, and i-brouȝt in Paradys, and synned þe same day, and was i-putte out after mydday. And he fel out of þe state of innocence and ofof þe] MS. (not α.)staat, α.womman in his, MS.into waylyngs and trouble, Cx.; valeyes, MS.sitte, MS.Methodius. Þis Adam þe fiftenþe ȝere of his lyf gatbigate, Cx.; and so below sometimes.dole.i-now] om. α. and Cx.; which have for him, probably rightly.Trevisa. Þere were þre score and ten þat torned Holy Writte out of Hebrew in to Grewe, and þey beeþ i-cleped þe þre score and ten. ℞. Adam deide and was i-buried in Ebron, þat is i-cleped also Cariatharbe, þat is to menyngemeane, Cx.the þre, α. and Cx.; the latter has some omissions below.and, MS.Enoch, MS., but Enoch below. The bar seems here and elsewhere to be only redundant.foure score and ten] om. Cx.apostle, α.pistel, α.; epistle, Cx.troweth, Cx.
CAYM, Adams firste sone, gat Enoch, he gat Irad, he gat Mauaiel,Manuel, MS.was first fyndere of] fonde first, Cx.Iosephus. Caym gadered richesse violentliche by strengþe, and made men be lecchoures and þeues, and tornede symple lyuynge [of]drad, Cx.Isidorus, libro 15o, capitulo 2o. Men were first naked and vn|armed, nouȝt siker aȝenst bestes, noþer aȝenst men, and hadde no place to fonge hem, and to kepe hem frofor, α.cabans amd keuerd hem with smale, Cx.Petrus, capitulo 27o. Lamech, þe seuenþe from Adam and most schrewe, was þe firste þat brouȝte yn bygamye, and so spousebreche aȝenst þe lawe of God and of kynde, and aȝenst Goddis owne dome.doom, α.Iosephus. Iabel ordeynede first flokkes of bestes, and mer|kis to knowe oon from anoþer, and departide kydes from
lambryn, α.; lambes, Cx.Petrus. Tubalcain fonde first smythes craftsmythcraft, α.Tubal gan worke, MS.; Cx. has omissions here.smyth, α.soun, α.in] of, Cx.for his plesir, Cx.Petrus, 27o. Lamech, an archer but somdel blynde, hadde a ȝongelynge þat ladde hym while he honted for pley and likynge, oþer for loueone, Cx.happede, α.loyterd, Cx.Adam Lameth, α.payed rawnsome, Cx., who omits for vs alle.Iosephus. No man schal trowe þat it is false, þat is i-rad of so longe lyuynge of men þat were somtyme, for þey lyuede faire lyf, and hadde couenable and clene mete and drynke, and also for blisful vertues þat þey vsede, and made hem besy aboute astrologie and gemetrie, þat þey myȝte neuere lerne but ȝif þey lyuede sixe hondred ȝere at þe leste; for in so longe tyme is þe grete ȝere of [þe]Petrus. Seth his children were good men anon to þe seuenþe generacioun; bot afterward men mys vsede men, and women [mysusede women].Genesis. Godes sones took men douȝtres, þat is to menynge, Seth his sones took Caym his douȝtres, and gete geantis. Petrus 29. And hit myȝhte be þat Incubus,Incuby, α. γ.; Incubi, β., Cx., a preferable reading; but possibly Incubus may be meant for an (English) plural.liggeþ, α.Iosephus. Þat tyme men wiste, as Adam hadde i-seide, þat þey schulde be destroyed by fuyr, oþeror ellys, Cx.in] by, Cx.Genesis. Þanne whan Noe was fyue hondred ȝereȝere he, MS. (not α.)to seyne, Cx.smoth, Cx.within and without, Cx.kele, α. and Cx.Trevisa. Here memen, Cx.haþ, α. β. γ. and Cx., which seems right.al hool of, α. and Cx.by whiche light entred, Cx.Petrus, 30. Þis schip was i-made somdel to þe liknesse of manis body, in þe whiche þe lengþe from þe sole of þe foot in to þe top of þe heuedheed, Cx.Also in, MS. (not α. or Cx.)rigge, Cx.Trevisa. Yf þe man isbe of, Cx.ne, α.Hugo de Arca.Arm, MS.geometry, Cx.Genesis. Þanne whan the
of Maii, Cx.al that he was warned to brynge in, Cx.ar, α.; er, Cx.here vppon, α., Cx.sprynkeld, Cx.ended, Cx.hondred ȝere, MS. (not α. or Cx.)þowsand, MS.he, β. γ. and Cx., which is right, but the strange use of the pronouns has been noticed before both in MS. and α.
AT þe laste whanne þe water of þe flood was wiþdraweflode withdrewe, α. and Cx.and] om. Cx.tokyn, α. Cx.þat, α.Petrus, 32o. Þe reynbowe is tokenyngetokyn, α.helthful, Cx.flesch and fische, α.yere, Cx.Genesis. Þanne two ȝere after þe flood Sem was an hondred ȝere old, and gat Arphaxath, and lyuede afterward fyue hondred ȝere. Arphaxath was fader of Caldeys, and gate Sale whan he was an hondred ȝere olde and fyue and þritty, as Ierom seiþ; but Isidre, libro sexto and þeþe] om. α.He gat Caynan] om. α. and Cx.þritty, MS.also foloweth.)ȝere] transposed in α.so þat, MS. (not α. or Cx.)accompted, Cx.tofore, α.; bifor, Cx.haue, Cx.heet, Cx.to say, Cx.departynge; for longage was departed in his tyme, þat raþer was al oon in þe buldynge of þe tour Babel. And so men were departed in to dyuers londes. Ragau, two and þritty ȝere olde, gat Sarug, and lyuede afterward two hondred yere and seuene; so seiþ Hebrewes. But þe seuenty and Isidre seiþ an hondred tofore two and þritty, and afterwarde two hon|dred and seuene. Hebrewes seiþ þat Sarug þritty ȝere olde gat
the thrytty, Cx.afterward, Cx.Aaron, MS.; Aran, Cx.yere, Cx.Trevisa. Ȝit take hede rediliche of þe seuenty: I haue i-seide to fore þat þey were þre score and ten, þat tornede Holy Writte out of Ebrew in to Grewe: hem I clepe þe Seuenty, and so þey beþ i-cleped in þis book and of meny holy doctoures; and þey beeþ specialliche i-cleped þe Seuenty tourneris,turneres, α.Petrus, tricesimo octavo. And so the secounde age of þe world is i-ended, from Noes flood to Habrahams burþe; and conteyneþ ten generaciouns, and two hondred ȝere foureand þritty foure, MS.and, α. and Cx.enleuene, α. and Cx.dyuercete, α.Augustyn, Cx.Beda. As Noe was þe tenþe from Adam, so Abraham was þe tenþe from Noe. Noþeles Luke followeþ þe seuenty in his genelogie, whan he seiþ, "Qui fuit Sale," þat is to menynge, "þat was Sale his sone" and so forþ, "þat was Caynan his sone, þat was Arphaxath his sone." Þere Luke foloweþ þe seuenty, þat putteþ on generacioun moo þan þe Hebrewes putteþ. Augus|tinus de Civitate, libro quintodecimo, capitulo tertiodecimo. Whanne in meny translaciouns is dyuersite i-founde, þat may nouþt stonde; þanne þe firste longage, þat þe tornynge and translacioun is i-made of, schal be most i-trowed.bileued, Cx.Beda. Þe tornynge and translacioun of þe seuenty was first nouȝt ful rediliche i-torned, oþer it was afterward apayred by mysbe|leued men. Eusebius. From Adam to Abraham is no storie i-founde in Grewe, noþer in straunge langage. Methodius. Noe hadde a sone i-bore two þowsand ȝere and an hondred after þe begynnynge of þe worlde; þat sone heet Ionicus; Noe ȝaf hym lordschip anoon to þe see Eliochora. To hym God Almyȝty ȝaf witte and wisdom þat he schulde fynde
kouþ, α.bifore, Cx.byfalleþ, MS.knew|ethe, MS.the Grees, Cx., which is better.Iosephus, libro primo, capitulo quinto. After þat Noe was deed in Phalech his tyme, whanthan, Cx.tour, α.schedynge; for þere at God Almyȝte his heste þe longages and tonges of þe bulders were i-schad and to schift.skaterd, Cx.Petrus, tricesimo quinto. Þanne Nemprot, a stronge huntere of men, þat is, a tyraunt vppon men, he putte Assur out of þat londe, and byganne to reigne among Cham his childrenchilder, Cx.of] om. α.Semyramys, MS. (Semyramis, above.)
Augustinus de Civitate Dei, libro octavodecimo, capitulo primo. Whanne men were departed and to schiftto schufte or skatred, Cx.þat should be cancelled; it is found however in α. β. γ., as well as in MS.seruauntes, Cx.by, α. and Cx.to] om. α. and Cx.Isidorus, libro octavo, capitulo tertio. Þan men þat come of Sem, Noe his [firste]contrayes and sixe] MS. (first hand.)Augustinus, libro sexto. Þey that come of Iapheth helde þe lond from þe hil þat hatte mons Taurus in Cilicia norþward toward þe norþ occean, þe haluendelto half dele, Cx.occean, α.manere, MS.stande as they were, Cx.Iosephus, libro primo, capitulo quinto. Of Chus forto now þe Ethiopes beeþ i-cleped CuseyChusei, α.Hugo, capitulo Frigia.Frisia, MS. and α.Dyverce namys after dyverce con|dycyouns in margin of MS. and α.þei, MS.Ector, MS.Isidorus, libro 14o, capitulo secundo. Men of the est sowneþ her
Syres, α.Spaynols, Cx.Augustinus de Civitate, libro sextodecimo, capitulo octavodecimo.octodecimo (at length, and so below.)firste skatred, Cx.Assyriens, Cx.Schytes, α.; Shites, Cx.þe] om. α.Augustinus, libro octavodecimo, capitulo primo:—noþeles the kyngdoms [of]lengere þan, MS. (not α. or Cx.)Farro, MS. and α.for that, Cx.tretys is, MSS. and Cx.þre þe] So MS., α. β. γ.
THE kyngdom of SithesSchytes, α.þer, α.Petrus, capitulo sexagesimo. Also anoþer kyngdom was in þe west, and was þe kyngdom of Scicions,Sicyon or Sicyonians.kyngdoms, MS.Zeusippus, MSS. and Cx.Cicropos, MS.; Cicrops, α.þese, α. Cx.þat was, MS. (not α. or Cx.)Abrahams, α.sonnes, Cx.sexten, Cx.Damastias, MS., and similarly below.grete lordschippe, and power durynge in a pro|uince to chesethat chose, Cx.Cambis, MS. and α.Olofernus, MS.Arthaexerses, MS.; Artharexer|ses, α.Nactabono, MS.þre kyndoms, α.; þe kyng Donis, MS.Alexander, α.were Cx. Per|haps his own correction.Tholomeus, Cx. (i.e. Ptolemies.)Cleopatram, α.the, MS.in to, MS.þe Romayns, α.Ptolomees, α.Iosephus, libro octavo, capitulo tertio. Þe kynges of Egipt hadde in her childhode oþer names, but whanne they were i-made kynges þey were i-cleped Pharaones. For a kyng is i-cleped Pharao in þe longage of Egipt. Þe kynges of Alexandria were i-cleped Ptholomeies, when þey were i-makedmade, α.Augustinus, libro sextodecimo, capitulo octavo|decimo. Þe fourþe kyngdom, but þe eldest of tyme, is þe kyngdom of Assiries; and bygan in þe est vnder Belus Nemproth þe fyue and twentyþritty, MS.ffader, α.Petrus sexagesimo. And it durede a þowsand ȝere þre hundred and tweyne, vnder seuene and þritty kynges anon to þe [last]in] om. α. and Cx.Abaccus, α.of þe, α.eem, α.; vncle, Cx., and so be|low.to þe, MS. (not α. or Cx.)kyngdoms, MS. and α.Euilmerodoc, α.Regusar, α.Labofardak, α.eem, α.; vncle, Cx., and so be|low.Ozias.Peerse, α. (Peers, above.)anlyue, α.Artarexerses, α.Logimanus, α.; Longinianus, Harl. MS.Macedons, α.at þe Grees, α.Noþeles þere were oþer kyngdoms, but þis, MS.Mecens, α. and Cx.kyng, Cx.grete] om. α.eiȝte, MS. and α. (not Cx).tweny, α.fourtenþe, MS.came, Cx.put, αplebes, MS., Cx.doctores, MS. α. and Cx.they, Cx.Octianus, α.; Occeanus, MS.cristened, Cx.Constantynnoble, MS., α. β. γ., here and below. (not Cx.)lifte after þanne in MS. (not α. or Cx.) The verb is wanting in all, and in β. and γ.
Augustinus de Civitate Dei, libro octavodecimo. In Sarug his tyme Belus, Nemproth his sonne, kyng of Babi|loyne, wente into Assyria, and wan it afterward wiþ ynne a schort tyme; and whan he hadde i-reigned fiue and sixty ȝere þanne he deide. And his sone Nynus regnede after hym, and bygan to reigne þe ȝere of Thare Abrahams fader euene þritty, and was kyng wel nygh of al Asia outake Inde þre and fifty ȝere. In þe ȝere of his kyngdom þre and fourty Abraham was i-bore, to fore þe buldinge of þe citee of Rome nyh a þowsand ȝere and þre hondred. Orosius, libro primo. Þe ȝere to fore þe buldynge of þe citee of Rome a þow|sand and þrenyne, α.his lordshippe grete, Cx.Heberia, MS.an, α.pesible, Cx.with, Cx.Zorastes, MS., but Zoroastes below (once).Petrus, 36o. Nynus Belus his sone, whanne his fader was dede, [hadde]Zorastes, MS., but Zoroastes below (once).sciences below); seuenþe, MS.brand, Cx.ayenste fyre and water, Cx.Isidorus, libro 8o. Aristotil of Zoroastes he wroot þat he made twenty hondred þowsand vers of wicchecrafte, and Democritus made
Ypocrat his, α.; Ypocras, Cx.Petrus 36o. Of þis Nynus mawmetrieMawmetrye first, α.tyme, MS. and α.mawmett, α.mawmett, α. (not Cx.)Alexander in mythologia.Mitologia, MS., α.; Mytilog., Cx.he cleped, Cx., which is better. (β. and γ. agree with MS. and α.)he, Cx.gretely, Cx.now, MS.o, α.; oo, Cx.and lyveþ, MS. α. β. γ. Pro|bably we should read lyver (and feler below).tellynge, α.; tillyng, Cx.Appolyn to be the nominative of Apollo. The Harl. version is somewhat worse.clepe, MS.goode, MS.; gode, α.Isidorus, Etymologia, libro 8o. Þey þat payenispaynyms, Cx.Augus|tinus de Civitate Dei, libro ij. capitulo xi. Þe poete wiþ his lippe spekeþ of þre manere of goddes; for som þey clepeþ
sometimes, MS. has Iubiter.Ector, MS.þa, MS.o, α., Cx., correctly.þe est, α.the ymage of Fortune] twice re|peated in MS.foundeth, Cx.leer, α.; voyd or empty, Cx.Trogus, libro primo. Whanne Nynus was dede, his wyf Semiramis, wiþ hir sone Nynus, þat heet Nynyan also, reignede in þis manere: þe wom|man dursteþurste, α.they, Cx.had, Cx.þe] om. α.and whan repeated in MS.enemy, Cx,right, Cx.transuaille, MS.; trauail, Cx.ȝeve, α.; yaf. Cx.
Genesis. Thare whanne he was þre score ȝere olde and ten, þan he gat Aaram, Nachor, and Abraham; [and Abraham]Genesis. Þan AramAaron, MS.Petrus 60o. Semyramis Ninus his wif, for sche wolde reigne after hir housbonde Ninus, sche wedded hir owne sone þat sche hadde by hir housbonde Nynus, and hadde by hir sone a childe þat echedechyd and enlarged. Cx.Genesis. Þanne Thare myȝte nouȝt suffre þe wrong þat hym was doo of worschippynge of fuyr in Caldea, þere þei hadde i-slawe his eldest sone Aaram. He wente out of þeþat, α., Cx.was, MS.Pentapolis, α., Cx.was, Cx.Iosephus, libro primo, capitulo 7o. Abraham lernede in
arithmetryk, α. (not Cx.)Genesis. Abraham was ful riche, and went aȝen out of Egipt to þe place of þe forseide pauyloun, and for strif of herdes he departede from Loth, and wente from hym anon to þe vale of Mambre besides Ebron. Petrus 42, Hebron. Hebron, þat hatte Chebron also, isþere is, MS. (not α. or Cx.)Cariath, þat is a citee, and Arbe, þat is foure; for foure þe grettest patriarkes were i-buryed þere, Adam, Abraham, Isaac, and Iacob; but Ioseph is i-buried in Sichem besides Mount Ephraym, as it is i-seide aboue in libro Iosue, capitulo ultimo. Genesis. Whan Abra|ham come aȝen from þe batayle of foure kynges, he ȝaf teþynge of al þat he hadde i-gete to MelchysedekMelchesedech, α.; Mechysedech, Cx.Hieronymus in Epistola ad Evangelum, et Petrus 43, Decimæ Melchisedek.Decimæ Melchisedek] om. α.Me, α.spekeþ and] om. α.; Me redeth that, Cx.Aaron, α.Iubilemus, α.and, α. Cx. has omissions here.his, MS.and is, α.L (i.e. 50), Cx.; fiftenþe, MS.temperure of þe fiftiþe ȝere, MS. (not α. or Cx.)planetes and sterres, α.Petrus 53. Abraham hadde a sone Ismael i-bore of his seruaunt Agar, þe whiche Ismael was i-circumcisedi-circumcided, α.Genesis. Þis Ismael was afterward an archer, and gat on his wif þat was of Egipt twelue dukes, lederes of peple, þat cleped hem self
þei þeiȝ, α.Madiamites, MS. and α.departed, MS. (not α. or Cx.)Petrus 47. For Abraham his name was i-chaunged whan he was circum|sised, þerfore þe Hebrewes ȝeue hir children names þe eiȝtþeeiȝteþe, α.Genesis. Þis ȝere Sodoma was destroyed, and Looth delyuered, and wente into Segor, a litel citee þere besides an hul; and was wyndronken; and in his sleep he gat Moab on his eldest douȝter andan, α.come] the, α. and Cx.
ISAAC was i-bore of his moder Sarra whan sche was foure skore ȝere olde and ten. Petrus 53. Isaac was i-wened whan he was þre ȝere olde, and þoþoo, α.say, Cx.fette, Cx.Rebecca, α.; Rebecka, Cx.Petrus 59.siggeþ, α.vnderstandyng, Cx.lest perauenter, Cx., who varies the rest of the sentence.Augustinus, libro 18o. At þe lake Tritonides was i-seie a womman þat heet Tritona; þe Grees clepeþ hir Mynerua; and hatte Pallas also of Pallas þe ilond of Tracia, þere heheo, β.; α., γ.; she, Cx., quite rightly, who notwithstanding has he slough. The pronouns are so strangely employed by Trevisa or his scribes, that the concordant readings of MS. and α. have been rarely corrected.heo, γ.Augustinus, utubi, α., Cx.supra. Þis mayde Pallas, þat heet Mynerua also, fonde vp meny craftes, and specialliche wolcraft,wolle craft, α., Cx.lightyer, Cx.cam, Cx.Augustinus, ubi supra. Þe kyngdom of Argiues bygan in Grecia vnder Inachus Isis his fader. Isis heet [Io]by, Cx.Mecenes, MS., in which (as well as in α.) several words are wrongly inserted from below.Petrus 66. Þe longage of HebreuEbron, MS.his, MS.Augustinus de Civitate Dei, libro 18o. Feroneus, Inachus his sone, was þe secounde kyng of þe Argiues,armes, MS.sixty, Cx.pleted, Cx.Fogronis, MS.and the Fogons coude, Cx., who varies the sentence.þe] om. α.Ysis, Cx.she, Cx. (not α.)fildes, α.theym.Isidorus, libro 3. Isis ordeynede firste trompes, þerfore þe Amazones cleped hire
bataylward, α.ffame, MS. (not α.)persoon, α.holde, added in α.i-holde] om. α.he, Cx.Petrus 64. Þe furste burþeburþes, α., Cx.of hem] om. α, Cx.profyȝt, α. (not Cx.)worschippe, α., Cx.oldest sonne, Cx.they, Cx.þe lasse, MS. (not α. or Cx.)was vnder, Cx.Petrus 74. Whanne þe fourtene ȝere were i-doo in þe whiche Iacob ser|uede for his wifes, Laban made couenant wiþ hym þat alle þe splekked lambernelambren, α.; lammes, Cx.yȝened, α.; ewed, Cx.Iacobys, α.plauntes, MS.spekeld, Cx.for they shold conceyue, added in Cx.kynge, MS.twelf, α.eunuches, MS. (not α. or Cx.); sone after eunuches in MS. (not α. or Cx.)Trevisa. Eunuchus is he þat is i-gilded,gelded, Cx.Augustinus super Genesim. Þis Puti|phar wasþat was, MS. and α.so fayre, α. (not Cx.)eunuches, α.ȝere olde, added in MS.in, Cx.syȝe, α.
THISYis, α.Fanus, α., Cx.; Phanus, γ.Augustinus, libro 18o. Þis ȝere Apis þe kyng Argolicus seilede in to Egipt and deyde, and was i-cleped Serapis. [Varro tellith why he was cleped Serapis,]Soron, γ.hadde] om. α. β. γ., Cx. For hadde we should perhaps read hadde in worschip.Hugutio, capitulo Apes. Þat bole heet Apis, þat was i-woned to come out of þe ryuer Nylus, and warne by his pleyenge and startelyngestelynge, MS.Petrus. Som men telleþ þat eueriche ȝere in Serapis feste come vp a bole out
þat, Cx.þat, α., Cx.Isus, MS.reþeren] neet, Cx.oþer, α.Petrus. Hit was þe manere of mysbeleued men forto kepe a dede body nyne dayes wiþ oute oignement, and make sorwe for hym nyne dayes, and wasche þe body nyne daies, for to wete wheþer þe soule were apassed oþer no. Afterward þey
enoynted, Cx.Augustinus, libro 18o. Me seiþ þat PrometheusPromotheus, Cx. (and so MSS. often); Ptholomeus, MS.Iapetus.Athlas, MSS. and Harl. MS., and so below.wise men, MS.Isidorus 13o. Also for me redeþ þat he made ymages of men goo and walke inon, Cx.suche is, MS.Hugutio, capitulo Anulus. Anulus is a ryng i-seide of anus an ers, for somtyme þeues and mansleers, whan þey were i-take, scholde bere an ape on hire nekke and holde hir mouþ to þe apesape his, α.Isidorus, libro 19o, in fine. Gentile men vsede here rynges of gold and of siluerof seluer and of gold, α. β. γ., Cx.tresorye, α. β. γ., Cx.Augustinus de Civitate. Þis Prometheus hadde a broþet þat het Atlas, and was an astronomer; þerfore me feynede þat he bare heuene; also a greet hille in Affrica, þatþat] om. α. β. γ., Cx.Petrus. Me seiþ þat Tritholomus wente þat tyme in his schippe þat was i-peynt wiþ a dragoun into Grees, and made þere more craft of telienge of feeldes. Also þat tyme Ceres, þe womman þat þe Grees clepeþ Demetra, wiþ oute instrumentes þat sche fonde vp of erynge craft, sche fonde vp also mesures of whete; for to fore|honde þey delede whete by hepeshuples, Cx.and] of, Cx.o. Ioseph, an hondred ȝere olde and ten, deyde in Egipt, and was anoynt wiþ swete oynementis, and i-kepte anon to þe goynge of þe children of Israel out of Egipte, an hondred ȝere and foure and fourty, in þe which tyme þe Hebrewes seruede þe Egipcians; also as Ioseph his breþeren deide eueriche after oþer, theyand were, MS. and α. (without sense); also Ioseph hys breþron(sic), as hy deyde, &c. were, β.
Amram was Caath is sone, Caath was Leuy is sone. Þis Amram, sixty ȝere olde, gat Moyses on his wif Iocabeth. Petrus,Petrus] So α., Cx.; Iosephus, MS.libro 2o. Pharao, vnder wom Ioseph was, heet Nephres by his owne propre name; þe eiȝtþe Pharao after hym heet Amonophis, in his tyme Moyses was i-bore. Iose|phus,Iohannes, Cx.libro 2o. Þis Pharao hatede þe children of Israel for
riches, α.fast, Cx.was to done and] MS. (not α. β. γ., Cx.)þat] So α. and Cx.; þe, MS.men, Cx.Petrus. But ȝit for al this þe peple multeplied wel faste, and Pharao heet þe myd|wyfes of Egipte þat þey schulde kylleslee, Cx.of lechery to, Cx.haue so] MS. (not α. or Cx.)the men childer, Cx.an oxe, Cx.Genesis. Þerfore Moyses was i-hydde þre monþes whanne he was [i-bore, but at þe laste he was]atte last.)resches, α.Iosephus,Isidorus, MS.libro 2o. Moyses is a name i-made of tweie names of Grewe, of moy, þat is water, and esis, þat is i-saued; and so Moyses is i-seide as he þat is i-saued by water. Also þis childe Moyses hatede alle þe wommen brostes of þe Egipcians, and wolde souke no woman breste of þe Egipcians, but he was sliliche i-brouȝt to his owne moder, and sche fed hym; and whan he was þreso þre, MS. (not α.)he was born, Cx.; he were y bore, β.; a wer y bore, γ.on, Cx.had wonder, Cx.it doun, MS. (not α.)no, α., Cx.Petrus, libro 2o. In euydence of þis excusacioun of þe childe were brennynge cooles i-brouȝt to fore þe childe Moyses, and anon he putte hem in his mouþe and scaldede þe poynt of his tonge. Þe Hebrewes troweþ þat bycause þerof he haddeafterward.hym] so α. and Cx.; the childe,away] of, α. β. γ., Cx.teone, β.Antheus, MSS.Iosephus, libro 2o. Þe Ethiopes, blewe men, werred vppon Egipt, and þe dyuy|nours of Egipt fenge answere þat þey schulde take a ledere of Hebrewes; and vnneþe þey gat Moyses, and made hym hire
capitayne, Cx.ciconyas, MS.cicoine, MS.brydde, MS.þat] and, Cx.Cambises, MS. and Harl. MS.and, α., Cx.Tharbys, Cx.delyuered him, Cx.Petrus, libro 2o. Þis is þethat, Cx.stryueþ, MS.; stroof, Cx.and, Cx.oblyuyon, Cx. (who has however forgetyngnesse above).he, α. β. Cx.; α, γ.Genesis. Þat tyme, whanne Moyses visited his breþeren in þe lond of Iessen, he slowȝ a man of þe Egipcians, and hydde hym in þe sonde; for he hadde i-smyte a man of þe Hebrewes. A morweOn the morue, Cx.auoyded for drede in to, Cx.Tersan, MS.Petrus, libro 2o. Þis preost was primat in þatþe, α., Cx.for, Cx.
The kyngdom of Athenes bygan under Cecrops.Cicrops, MS. and Harl. MS., and so below.Lathona, MS.by, Cx.in Thessalia] om. Cx.Pheton, Cx.; but Feton below.Augus|tinus,
libro 18o. Þis flood destroyed a greet deelpartye, Cx.fledde into, Cx.Pirra, MSS. Similar slight errors in this chapter have been tacitly corrected.Isi|dorus, libro 13o, capitulo 61o. Whan reueres wexeþwaxen, Cx.mesure, Cx.bode and bitoken, Cx.Orosius, libro 2o. Also þe sonne þat tyme brende nouȝt onliche Ethiopia blewe men lond, bote he brende also the lond of ScythiaScicia, MSS.
MOYSES foure skore ȝere olde, wiþ his broþer Aaron foure skore ȝere olde and þre, spak to Pharao kyng of Egipt, for he schulde delyuere God Allemyȝty his peple and letehete, MS.goo to] om. Cx., who has other slight variations.malys, α.wreeches and pynysshmentes, Cx.Augustinus, libro 18o. Þat tyme þat God took wreche in Egipte, som of þe Egip|cians dradde leste Egipte schulde be lost for euere more, and fleyȝefley, α.; sentence varied in Cx.Athenes, Cx.Helladia, the bar|barous form in the Latin text.Petrus, libro 2o. Þere were meny wreches in Egipt wiþ oute þe ten grete wreches. Þerfore some dayes in þe kalender beeþ i-cleped dayes of Egipt, [for þilke dayes fil wreches in Egipt.]in Egipt, Cx., and so below.to be demed ne trowed, Cx.Carram, MSS.Mesopotanea, MSS. and Cx.an sixe, α. β.hy (i.e. they) bar, γ., which is better.drenched, α., Cx.the, α., Cx.Iosephus. Þe openynge of þis see schal not ben vntrowed, for me redeth þat þe see Pamphylicum openede to fore kyng Alexander Macedo and also to fore his oost whan he pursewed Darius. Petrus, libro 2o. Þe water of þis see is nouȝt rede of kynde, but is i-dyȝeddyed, α.vermyloun, α.Isidorus, libro 2o.Johannes, libro tercio, Cx. The true reference is to Joseph. Ant. Jud. iii. l.they faylled corne, Cx.and] om. α.þat tyme, MS. (only).Isus, MS.Thelegon, MS.Petrus, libro 4o, [capitulo 16o.]
Þis sixe ȝere after þe out goynge of Egipt Eriston bulde þe temple of Appolyn Delphicus. Also þat ȝere Cranaus þe secounde of Athenes bygan to reigne, and reigned nyne ȝere. His douȝter heet A[t]this; of hir AtticaAtthica, MSS.in þe MS. (not α.): Cx. has some omissions here.Erictorius, MS.Archas, MSS.Archadia, MSS.Orosius, libro primo. Danaus and EgiptusEgistus.Dyonisius, MSS.Bac|hus).Augustinus de Civitate Dei. Me seiþ þat þe grete Mercurius was in þat tyme; þis Mercurius was Maia AtlasAthlas α.; Athalas, MS.Busirus, MSS. and Cx.Iosephus. Þis Hercules weddede Ethea Afferafter, MS., α.
IOSUE, Moyses seruaunt, rulede þe peple sixe and twenty ȝere, so seiþ Iosephus. Neuerþeles þe Scripture rekeneþ not þe ȝeres. Iosue,of Iosue, MS. (not Cx.)ledynge, α., Cx.flum, α., Cx.Petrus. Eusebius in his bookcronike, α., Cx.that that, α., Cx.proued, Cx.Eructonius, MSS.chariot, α. β. γ.; charyote, Cx.Augustinus, libro 18o. Þis ordeyned first playes to Appolyn, and to Minerua. Also þat tyme Busiris þe tyraunt, kyng of Egipt, he kyddehidde, MS.; vsed, Cx.tyrannye, Cx.Candmus, MS. (not α.)Sciria, MS.Agenore, MS.wedde, α.his] om. α., Cx.Augustinus, libro 18o. Iupiter on Europa þat he rauisched he gat Radamanthus, Sarpedon, and Minos,Minois, MS.; Minoys, Harl. MS.Isidorus, libro 14o. Agenor, kyng of Libya, gat þre sones, Silex,Cilix.bad, Cx.by cause, Cx.the, MS.Scicilia, MS.Fenix, MS.; and Fenicea below.steppe, Cx.Au|gustinus, libro 18o. Iupiter regned in þe ilond Creta, and his fader Saturnus was i-put out, and wente to Itali. Henricus. Þis was a wicked man and a greet werriour, and con|quered Grees. Þere after his deth, þe Grees þat were ful of lesynges hilde hym god of heuene, and nempned hym god of goddes for his grete power and myȝt. Þe men of Creta, fore he was i-buried among hem, wolde speke of his buriels. Þerfore þe Grees cleped hem lyȝers. Alexander in Myth.Mith.); Math., α.; Mat|theum, MS.wyne, MS.and] om. α.saturitas, þat is plente; for he made aEutropius. Þis Saturnus flyfleeþ, MS.; flemed, Cx.akres, α.; akornes, β., Cx.; akkarns, γ.i-weue, α.; wouen, β., Cx.geldede, α.Alexander in Mythologia. Oþere myȝty tyrauntis fondede to putte out þis Iupiter, þatþat] þis Jupiter, α., Cx.Petrus. Iosue, or he deide,hyeld, Cx.Petrus. Mysbyleued men vsede to helde outout water, MS. (not α. or Cx.)out] om. α. β. γ.þat is i-slawe] om. α. β. γ., Cx.Hugutio, capitulo Fedus. Fedus, þat is a couenant, is i-seide of feda,pheda, MS.is i-slawe, MS., Cx.Petrus. But þe Hebrewes hilde out water in token þat as þe water is al i-schad and nouȝt i-left, so he þat brekeþ þe couenant schulde be ded, and al his kyn.to] of, Cx.arered and enhaunced, Cx. Slight corrections of orthography in the proper names have been tacitly made in this chapter for both ver|sions.
AFTER Iosue his deth Israel seruede Chusan,Chasan, MS.Augustinus, libro 18o.]Dolos, MS.Admetrius, MS.Lathona, MS., and so below.Cadynus, MS., Cx.Lynus, MS. Similar slight errors have been tacitly corrected in this chapter and the following.Isidorus, libro 2o, capitulo 5o. And as Fenix ȝaf þe Fenices some reed lettres. ℞. Þerof loke more in þe firste book, capitulo quintodecimo,Isidorus, libro 2o. Þe lettres of Grees þat Cadmus ȝaf hem speleþ wordes, and stondeþ for nombres. [℞.]the fourth, Cx.; badly.þrittenþe, α.nynþe, MS.foure, MS.the xxij. for four hon|derd.Petrus. Craft and vse of iren was i-founde in Egipte. Þe dedes þat me telleþ of DemetraDometra, MS.
AYOTH was ledere of Israel foure score ȝere, forto acounte eiȝetene ȝere in þe whiche Israel seruede Eglon þe fatte king of Moab; also forto rekene oon ȝere of Sangar, þe duke and ledereþe ledere, MS. (not α. or Cx.)Gominus, MS., which has sometimes Gemynus below.Petrus. Som telleþ þat Geminus was a vile persone of þe lynage of Beniamyn, and was ofte i-nempned in reprofe to al his ofspringe, for he was so fylevyle, Cx.and þey were, MS.seid, α.in] α, β. γ.þat (only), β.; heo, γ.drowned, Cx.in þe, MS. (not α. β. γ.)Troos, MS.Frisia, MS.an, α. γ.; in, Cx.; on, β.he, Cx.oþer] that, Cx.Ione, MS.her men, MS. (not α. or Cx.)Pelopis, MS. (not α.)Olimpus, MS.Trogus. Þis Hercules was strong, and temede þe world, and ouercome þe Amazones, and passed in to Inde and werred þere, and ouercome þe Troians, and werred in Libya, and was lord ofof] in, MS. (only).Antheus, MSS., and so below.Fanus, MS., α. β.Trevisa. Þe Cen|taures were men of Thessalia; þey were þe firste þat chastedechastised, Cx.rode, Cx.Augustinus, libro 18o. And after his grete dedes he fille in a
hard] payneful, Cx.o, de raptu Proserpinæ, and Virgil, Æneidos 8o, and Ouide, Methamorphoses, libro 9o, rekeneþ þe grete dedes þat Hercules dede. Of þe whiche dedes þe firste was þe victorie þat he hadde of þe Centaures. Þe secounde þe sleynge and þe hildynge of a leon in a wode þat hatte Nemea.Nenia, Cx.; Menia, MSS.Athlas, MSS., as usual; which conversely have Tracia below.palce, Cx.Pyrytheus, and Peritheus, MSS.maris, MS.; mennis, Cx.Berna, MS.echt, Cx.slynge, MS. (clerical error.)Archadia, MSS., as usual.Dianier, Cx. (i.e., Dejanira.)these, Cx.twelue dedes, MS.too, for, α.o, seiþ þat it was an oþer Hercules þat [þese dedes beþ acountedaretted, Cx.þe] that, Cx.o, seiþ þat þere were meny Hercules; and also Sampson for his wonder strengþe was acounted Hercules.
Daret, MS. α. β. γ.wan, Cx.the] om. α.o, seiþ: Menia vnder furtfruit, MS. Tre|visa cannot be blamed for making no sense of a corrupt text; nor the Harleian translator for leaving it out.o Methamorphoses, acounteþarreteth, Cx.Meleandris, MS. (only).oCalcanis, MS.greetely, Cx.eros, MS.a man, and of cleos, þat is blisse; as þey Hercules were to menynge a blisful man and glorious.
Eusebius in Cronica. In Aioth his tyme, nameliche in Grees ffables were i-founde, andas, MS. (only.)hiȝte wiþ, MS.Alcyn.Alex|ander.in Mythologia. And so hehe] om. MS.here, MS.; Cx. omits twenty words.Augustinus, libro 18o, capitulo 13o. After Iosue his deeþ anon to þe bataille of Troye fables were i-feyned in Grecia. As þat VulcanusVlcanus, MS., α. β.; and so below (not γ.).Eructorius, MS.; Eruconius, Cx.Cerreres.) The error is certainly due to Trevisa.Mynataurus, MS., α. γ.begyled, Cx.of] om. MS.flewen, Cx.strompet, Cx.his] om. MS.Isidorus, libro 11o. Also Geryon, þe geant kyng of Spayne, þat was i-slawe of Hercules, and was descreued in þre liknesses and schappes, it is a fable. For þere were þre breþeren so wel acordynge to gedres þat it semed þat þey hadde oon soule, oon witte, and oon wil. Also þe hooresstrompettes, Cx.and.talentes, Cx.shipwreke); þe shippe to breke, MS.hors, MS.Scilla, MS., and Silla below.þe] om. MS.þat, α. β. γ. and Cx.rokkes, MS.was wiþ, or if not, cancel þat.feyneþ, α. β. γ.Isidorus, libro primo, capitulo 13o. Fables beeþ i-seide of fando, þat is spekynge; nouȝt for þei beþ sooþ indede, but i-feyned in spekynge. Poetes brouȝte in fables for þre skiles; for likynge ofand, MS.helthe and enhauncing, Cx.Vlcanus, MS., here and below.manhod, α.Hippocentaurus, but the barbarous form indicates the false derivation; cf. Ypocras, Ypolita, &c.Orace, Cx.Demostenes, MSS.lawers, Cx.hit, α.; a., γ.netheles they represente and en|duce to mannes mynde sothnesse that they bitokene and signefye, Cx.Augustinus, libro 3o, capitulo 3o. By auctorite of þe Romayns it was affermed þat þe goddes Venus was Enyas his moder, and þat god Mars was Romulus his fader. But I trowe not so; VarroFarro, MS.trowed, Cx.were bigeten, Cx.lignage, Cx.auenture, Cx.do, α. β. γ. and Cx.Alexander in Mytho|logia. Macrobius super somnium Scipionis seiþ þat som fables beeþ i-feyned by cause of likynge; suche beeþ of Menander and Terentius, and suche longeþ nouȝt to philosofres. And som fables beeþ i-feyned by cause of profiȝt in excitynge and con|forte; in þe whiche fables þe matiere, þat me spekeþ of, oþer þe
feyned, Cx.Esyodus, MS.they spak, Cx.Goddes, Cx.; the more usual orm in MS. also.som, MS.Boece, β. Cx.dyuyne, Cx.Petrus. In Ayoth his tyme þe lattre Apollo,Appollo, MSS.Latonaes, Cx.; both forms are instructive.harpes, Cx.o, Etym., seiþ þat Mercu|rius
Gedion, MSS.Salus, MS.was ebbed, Cx.senwes, α.þeron, α. β. γ. and Cx.hede] om. MS.Tre|visa. I rede among þe wondres of Ynde, þat snayles beeþ þere so grete and so huge þat a man may be herborwed in a snayles hous. Petrus.Cadynus, MS. (not Cx.) Va|rious slight errors in spelling proper names have been tacitly corrected in this and the following chapters.he, α.; heo, β. γ.Isidorus, libro quinto.sexto); Petrus, MS.Petrus. Strabus seiþ þat þat instrument is a skynneis a skynne] om. Cx.
Augustinus, de Civitate, libro 18o, capitulo 13o. Delbora þat womman was a prophetes of the lynage of Effraym. Þis Delbora wiþ Barach of þe lynage of Neptalym rulede þe peple of Israel fourty Ȝere, for to rekene twenty ȝere in þe whiche Iabyn kyng of Canaan pursued Israel. In hir tyme kynges of Argyues faillede þat hadde i-regned fyue hon|dred Ȝere and fourty, þat was from þe firste Inachus to þe firste Pelops his tyme, kyng of þe Peloponenses; and þanne þe kyngdom tornede to þe Mecenes.Macenes, MS.Augustinus de Civitate, ubi supra. Aboute þat tyme deyde Denys þat heet also Liber Pater, þat werred in
seie, α.Ilius, Cx.; Iulius, MS. and α.
GEDEON, þat heet Iheroboal, was ledere of Israel fourty ȝere, forto rekenereigne, MS.Petrus. Minos, kyng of Creta, Iupiter his sone, occupied þe see þat [tyme and ȝaf lawe to þe men of Creta. Þat tyme]byfore, Cx.and ful delyure in wrastling, Cx., who otherwise varies the sen|tence.Eleyn, Cx.; Helen, α.byrdes, Cx.of] and, α. β. γ. Cx.i-closed, α.; closed, Cx.Isido|rus, libro nono. Þis Dedalus hadde a nevew þat heet Perdix,Pardix, MS., here and below.in his ymagynacion.I toþed, α.rigge, Cx.Ycarus, MSS., and so below.Scicilia, MSS.; Scilicia, Harl. MS.otherwyse callyd a mase.Petrus. For Dedalus fliȝ away so swiftliche after þe manslauȝt,after he had slayn his neuew, Cx.Isidorus, libro quintodecimo. Laborinthus is a manere buldynge wonderliche i-bulde wiþ daungersdaungerous, Cx.Hugutio, capitulo Labor. Me gooþ adoun [as hit were]grees or steppes, Cx.howses, Cx.Lempno, MS. Similarly Harl. MS.Hugutio, capitulo Cilleo. Whanne þere fel a pestilence among men of Athenenowther, Cx.; nowhar, β. γ.fynde in erþe, MS. (not α. β. γ. or Cx.)hyng, α.i-hurt, α.totres, α., Cx.meoue, α.toterynge,toterynge] om. α. and Cx.a mouþ; for þey þat totered so mouede aȝenst men mouþes.
ABYMALECH, GedeonGeon, MS.a concubyn, MS.Sentaures, MS.Meda, MS., and so below. A few similar slight errors have been tacitly corrected in this chapter; as Gereon, Synope, Archadia.Trogus, 43. Aboute þat tyme Faunus [Picus his sone regnede in Italy. In his tyme Euander come out of Arcadia and feng fildesreceyued and toke feldes, Cx.Lathinius, MS.Orosius, libro primo. Aboute þis ȝere Vesores, kyng of Egipt, werred first aȝenst þe Scites; noþelesyet, Cx.acord, Cx.were, Cx.Capadocie, Cx.lye, Cx.men childer, Cx.; who, however, has childerer above.her, Cx.hem in batel, Cx.; bataille, α. γ.; batel, β.of, MS.the, Cx.to stele, Cx.Ypolita, MS., α.; Ipolita, β. γ.Pentasilea, α.; Pentafiles, MS.ȝaf and] om. Cx.
IAIRLair, MS.Cartago, MSS.; Cartage, Cx.Munidia, α. γ., Cx.; Mundia, MS.Isidorus, libro primo. Carmentis Nympha, þat heet also Nicostrata,Nichostrata, MSS.kyng of, MS., and so below.vp] om. Cx.Isidorus, libro nono. Þe longage of Latyn was departed in foure: for þe firste was vnder Ianus and Saturnus, and was i-cleped Prisk; and Latyn vnder þeþe] om. α., Cx.Tuscayn, α.melled, α.; myxt, Cx.
IEPTE of Galaad, of the lynage of Gad, an hoorea comyn womans, Cx.of] om. MS. (only.)and þan . . . of Latyns] om. Cx.Isidorus, libro octavo. In þis kyng Latyn his tyme was Sibil Eritrea in hir floures, þat heet Erofila, and was i-bore in Babilon. Sche warnede þe Grees þat wente to Troye þat Troye schulde be destroyed, and þat Homerus schulde write lesynges afterward. Þere were ten Sibilis, and þis is þe fifte in nombre, and is i-putte tofore oþere. Þe firste Sibile was of Pers, þePierse, α.londe, MS. (only.)he, α.he, α.Salon, MSS.she, Cx.Albumea, Cx. Some proper names in this chapter being very corrupt, have been left unaltered.Paynes, Cx. (who varies the sentence.)o libro, capitulo 16o, wil mene þat Sibille Eritria was in Romulus his tyme, and sche wroot moche of Criste, and þat openliche, as in þis vers of heroes:
And so forþ Sibil haþ many mo vers. Þe heed lettres of þese þre vers, and of þe oþere as þey beeþ i-write in Latyn, speleþ þis menynge:speketh thus, Cx.Isidorus, libro 14o.quarto, Cx. The true reference is to lib. viii. c. 8.syos, þat is God, and of beele, þat is þouȝt; and so
God his, α.Trogus, libro 2o. After Neptunus, þe successour of Erictonius,Erictorius, MS. Read Erichthonius.sone, MS.halp and assisted, Cx.Trogus, libro 42o. Þanne Pelias, kyng of Peloponens, þat is of Thessalia, dredde leste Iason þe noble werriourwerriour] om. α. β. γ. and Cx.lond, Cx.fetche, Cx.PhrygiusFrigius, MSS. and Cx.Dares. Þerfore Pelias made Argus ordeyne a wel faire schippe couenable to þis seillynge and passage. Petrus. Of þis name Argon comeþ þis name Argonaute. Argonaute were stalworþe ȝonge men i-gadred al aboute for Iason his viage; þanne Iason seillede forþ wiþ þese men and londede first in Frigia. Þo LaomedonLaomadon, MS.Trogus. But Iason was put out of Frigia and come in to Colchos, and ouercome þe kyng and slowȝ his sone Egealius and took þe goldene flees, and had wiþ hym MedeaMeda, MS.recounseylled, Cx.orpedly, Cx.and, MS.Phrygius
Dares. Whan Iason haddeThanne Iason whanne he hadde, α. β. γ.Hercules.and of, MS., α. (not β. γ. Cx.) For Scitia read Phthia. See above.Thelamon, MSS. and Cx.Salomina, MS., α. Read Salamis.wyve, α.and] om. α.was i-take, α. β. γ.; was taken, Cx.Pryamus, MS. A few similar corrections have been made tacitly in this chapter.
ABESSA of Bethleem was iuge in Israel seuene ȝere. In his secounde ȝere Priamus kyng of Frigia, þat is kyng of Troye, sente Antenor to þe Grees,Grekes, Cx.; and so below.trespasses that they had deo bifore, Cx.Ector, MS., here and below.Yda, MS.slept, Cx.dremed, Cx.wyt and wysdom and the fayreste wyf, γ.yf, MS.Grece, Cx.Anthenore, MS., but Antenor above.and Paris with Anthenor were sente, Cx.tho men came, Cx.Parys.and toke hir with hym in to Troy, Cx. (omitting the rest.)as þey . . . Hesiona] wenyng therby recouer his sister Hesiona, Cx.greet and greuous, Cx.Agamenon and Agamynon, MSS., and so below.Mescenes, β. γ.Flixes, MS., α., and so below.of Athene] om. Cx.Argenautes, MS.heet array] ordeyned, Cx.Prothesilaus, MS.; Prothesalaus, Harl. MS.Menonem (i.e. Memnon) in their text.þe] om. α. β.forto] til, Cx.Thelamonius, MS.slayn, Cx.was, Cx.; but were (trewes) just below.dreame, Cx.not þat, α. and Cx.nouȝt] om. α. and Cx.þe batayle, α., here and below.Polixena, MSS.; Policena, Cx.and had] to have, Cx.done, Cx.destrouble, Cx.Troylus, MS. and Cx.comen, Cx.Neoptholomus, MSS., and so be|low; Neoptholomeus, Harl. MS.Paris, Cx.siege, Cx.Pentasilia, or Pentisilia, MSS.Amosons, Cx.Anthenore, MS., as often; Anthenor, Harl. MS.desire, Cx.þei for he twice.)to alle theyr retinue, Cx.Grekes, Cx.stan deed] om. Cx.thre, Cx.Adromache, MS. A few similar trivial errors of orthography have been tacitly corrected in this chapter.
AYLON, of þe lynage of Zabulon, was iuge of Israel ten ȝere. Noþeles þe Seuenty acounteþ hem nouȝt, and þerfore Eusebius acounteþ his ȝeres of Iosue, of Samuel, and of Saul; for þe Scripture spekeþ nouȝt of here ȝeres. Noþeles þey setteþ moo ȝeres þan beeþ i-founde by Iosephus. So þat from þe goynge out of Egipte anon to Salaman his temple were foure hondred ȝere and foure score. Abdon, þat heet Lapdon, was also iuge of Israel eiȝte ȝere. In his þridde ȝere Troye was i-take, eiȝte hondred ȝere and foure and fourty after Abraham his burþe, þre hondred ȝere and fourty after þe goynge out of Egipt, þe ȝere of kyng Latyn in Italy fyue and twenty, to fore þe buldynge of Rome aboute anan] So MS., α. β. γ.; om. Cx.twenty, Cx.Augustinus, libro octavodecimo, capitulo sexto|decimo. After þat Troye was destroyed, ȝit while kyng Latyn regned in Itali, þe Grees þat tornede aȝen andFarro, MS., α.Ampula, MS.oþer, α. (or is very frequently oþer in α.)make, α.semblaunt, α., Cx.Farro, MS.dyuyncresse, sorceresse, and wytche, Cx.transfourmede, Cx.Archades, MSS. and Cx.they, Cx. (a frequent variation.)Arcas; but the error may safely be ascribed to the translators themselves.of mankynde).tornyng, Cx.Olymp, α. β.Plinius, libro sextodecimo, capitulo vicesimo secundo. Þat men torneþ in tobe transformed into, Cx.oft, Cx.þat þe, α. (not Cx.)older, Cx.þat . . . witnesse] but it may be confermed, Cx.Augustinus, libro 18o.,capitulo 16.sayngys, Cx.to þe, MS. (not α. or Cx.)to, α.knowlecheþ, α. β.; sayth, Cx.þat suche, MS. (not Cx.)wey to Romeward, Cx.torned, α. β.axed after, Cx.led, α., Cx.doute, α.Damyanus, MS.; also Symon and Fastinus below. Other MSS. read as in text, but Faustinus is the mistake of Trevisa.letture, Cx.childer, Cx.Augustinus ubi supra. Hit is to trowynge,It is to be bileuyd, Cx.ne chaunge bodyes, Cx.man, Cx.astent, α. (not Cx.)i-sette, MS. (not α. or Cx.)in, MS.i-prented, α. β. γ. and Cx.to] þat, MS. (not α.)in þe] so β. γ., Cx.; þe, MS., α.awoke, Cx.; toke, MS.Rethica, MSS.to him, Cx.secretes, Cx.Circe; but correctly above; Sirces, Harl. MS.torned hem in to oþer foules, α. β. γ.Ephigenia, MSS. and Cx.Agamenon, MSS. and Harl. MS.for to trowe, &c.] to believe Dio|mede to be made a god, Cx.Hibernia. Giraldus in Topographia. Fendes and wicked men mowe not chaunge kynde but by suffraunce of God; þei mowe chaunge liknesse and schappe and lette manis wittes and bygile men, so þat þinges semeþ nouȝt as þey beeþ. But by strengþe of fantasie and of wicchecraft men haueþ semynge by feyned schappes; but it is nouȝt vnsittyngeoþer, α. β. γ.
AFTER þe destroyengedestruction, Cx.and there, Cx.hugeliche] right wel, Cx.sawe, Cx.; seiþ, MS. (probably clerical error for seiȝ).was bifore, Cx., who varies the sentence.Cartago, MS. and Harl. MS.Hugutio, capitulo Elissa. Þis Dido heet Elissa, þat is Virago, a manliche womman; for hap þat fel afterward, for sche
Trogus, libro octavo decimo.octavo, MS., wrongly. See lib. xviii. c. 6.Pigmaleon, MS.she, Cx.; heo, β.; α. γ.haue be, Cx.Martinus. Þan Eneas com in to Itali, and was confedered and i-swore to kyng Euander, þat þoo regnede in seuene hilles. Þese tweyne fauȝte aȝenst Latyn, kyng of Latyns, and aȝenst Turnus,Tornus, MS., α. (not β., Cx.)Lamyn, MS., and so below.slayne, Cx.in, MS.Isidorus, Etymolog. Iulus was Eneas his sone, and heet firste Ascanius by þe name of a ryuer of Frigia þat so hatte,heet, Cx.Hugutio, capitulo Iulus. Afterward, whan þe kyng of Mesens was i-slawe in a singuler batayle of stalworþe men, þanne Ascanius was i-cleped Iulus for his firste spryngynge of berd [þat þo was first i-sene; for þe firste spring of berd]Trogus, libro quadragesimo tertio. Ascanius, Eneas his sone, bygan to regne among þe Latyns; and regnede eiȝte and þritty ȝere, and leftespecialliche lefte, MS. (not α. β, or Cx.)Eutropius. Þis Ascanius norsched vp ful myldeliche his broþer Siluius PosthumusPostumus, MS., here and usually (not always) below. A few very slight errors in spelling proper names below have been tacitly cor|rected.Lavina, MSS. and Cx.siiva in Latyn. By his name þe kynges of Latyns were i-cleped Siluies. Ascanius, whanne he hadde i-regned eiȝte and þritty ȝere, he lefte þe kyngdom toof, MS.meyne, Cx.Flixes, MS., as before.Palefattus, MS.; Polefatus, Harl. MS.Pirus, MS.; Pirrus, Cx., Harl. MS.saye, Cx.
HELY þe preost after Sampson was iuge in Israel fourty ȝere; so seiþ Isidorus libro quinto, and Iosephus libro sexto; but þe Seuenty telleþ þat Hely was ouer þe peple twenty ȝere. In his dayes fil a greetfelle); fil greet, MS.if, Cx.þe, α. γ. (not β. or Cx.)longe after, α. β. γ., Cx.Gaufridus. Þis Brute slowh his moder in his burþe, and his fader after|ward anat, Cx.He, α. β., Cx., correctly.auenters, Cx.; but auters (altars) is doubtless the true reading, and so β. γ.þat hatte] om. α. β. γ.Corneus, Cx.Gopharyns, Cx.Turnip, α. β. γ.Turon, α. (Cx. has Turon owther Turon).bytook, α.Temse, α.Sicyon.Petrus. Þis Samuel ordeyned first com|panye of clerkes and quercs forto synge; and þan me seide þat þey prophecied, þat is to menynge, þei worschipped God bysiliche. Afterward Samuel was iuge in Israel vnder Saul eiȝtene ȝere. Locrinus, Brute his eldest sone, bygan to reigne as it were vppon þe souþ see to þe ryuer of Homber,Humber, α.he, α.
SAUL of þe lynage of Beniamyn was þe firste kyng of He|brewes, and regned twenty ȝere; so seiþ Iosephus. Of þe whiche ȝeres þe Scripture spekeþ not. Petrus. For Saul regnede eiȝtene ȝere while Samuel lyuede, and two ȝere after his deth. Þe fourþe kyng of Latyns, Eneas Siluius, was Posthumus his sone, and bygan to regne and regned oon and þritty ȝere. In som stories Posthumus his brother, Latinus Siluius,Siluinus, MS. (not Cx.)in, MS.Melantus, MSS.Augustinus, libro octavodecimo, capitulo quartodecimo. Þe Peloponens, men of Thessalia, weren rebel aȝenst men of Athene. Þanne was answere i-ȝeue ofto, MS.that coreus, Cx.Salon, MSS. and Cx.iuges, MS.; was chosen iugge, Cx.Guendelona, MS.eyȝte, α., Cx. .acorden, Cx.
David. Dauid, of þe lynagelignage, Cx.second, Cx.Ebron, Cx.apon, γ., passim.al oon, β.ward.Siluius, Cx.fyfth, Cx.second Ixyon king of Corinth regned, Cx.yeres, Cx.Petrus.Ysidorus libro 5o, α., Cx., and γ.wryte, Cx.buylded it, Cx.bote, γ., passim.score, Cx.buldinge, β., passim.acorden, Cx.Gaufridus et Alfridus. MempriciusMenpricius the fifth, Cx.þes, γ., ut passim.slough, Cx.stan deed.used tyrannye, Cx.; tirauntre, β.bigate, Cx.called, Cx., ut passim.Ebrancus, Cx.uside, β., passim.zodomye, Cx.he] γ. has α, ut passim.eten of, Cx. and β.Iherusalem, ut sæpe, Cx.Antiochus, Cx.Trevisa. A talent is agrete wiȝte,weyght, Cx.be, Cx., ut semper; buþ, γ.lx score pound, Cx., a mis|take.Sequitur
in]historia. Þis Dauid while he hadde peespes, γ.whuch, γ.say, Cx.; segge, γ.Edythim, Cx.cimbels, α.; the symbals, Cx.ham, γ., semper.nyȝ, γ.sleop, γ.two partes, Cx.alyve, Cx. and γ.buþ, γ.þat a gat, γ.wallys, Cx.whan þat he had slayne, CxSemey, Cx. and γ.hul, γ.he.zyve doom, α. and yeven dom, Cx.two strompettes, Cx.fyrst, Cx.wallys, Cx.meyne, α.; houshold, Cx.were inhabyte with, Cx.comyn, γ.Salamon's, Cx.euerych, γ.chorus, Cx. and γ.ter, Cx.; tere, β.; teer, γ.veneson, γ.Salamon, Cx.the second, Cx.kunde of tren, γ.unto, Cx.halsyng and conjurisons, Cx.wiþ] om. in Cx.hy, γ.combrede, α. and γ.; combred, Cx.þey, α.; MS., þe fend.a fond, γ.printes, α. and Cx.; preentes, γ.y-holte, β.nose hrylles, Cx.; nosterls, γ.bifore, Cx.o, seiþ þat he seiȝþat he seiȝ] om. γ.Elyazarus, Cx.hem, Cx.he put, Cx., α.; put, γ.fessel, γ.mannes, Cx.overtorne, α. and Cx.; ouer|turne, γ.fessel, γ.enclosed a struction bird, Cx.a struclo, α.; structions bryd, γ.al] om. in Cx.outgoing, Cx.Omerus, Cx.Grekes, Cx.seue, γ.signefyed, Cx.viii., Cx.yhalwed, γ.heiȝþe, α.; heyght, Cx.on fyre, Cx.molten, Cx.; ymelt, γ.huyre, α.; here, Cx.þeos, γ.deop put, γ.rood, Cx.Gaufridus. Ebranc, Mem|pricius
Nempricius sone, Cx.one and twenty, Cx.bigat, Cx.fayrste, γ.Hebranc, Cx.þeos, γ.Albia, Cx.fledde, Cx.sayled, Cx.Roboam.
Roboas Salomon his sone regned onliche vppon tweynetwey, Cx.echten, Cx.; eyȝtetene, γ.o, capitulo 5o; and seuentene ȝere as oþer meneþ.wryten, Cx.was ruled by, Cx.; huld, γ.o, seiþ þat he regnede two and twenty ȝere. Þis Nabath, for þe pepel schulde not torne hire herte to hire lord Roboam ȝifwhan they wente, Cx.; ȝef a wente, γ.sacrefys, γ.yȝote of gold, γ.this Nabath, Cx.varyaunce, Cx.countynge, Cx.the hoole, Cx.er, β. and Cx.; ar, γ.they, Cx.; α, γ.or, Cx.be, Cx.; buþ, γ.trowe it, Cx.be, Cx.; buþ, γ.Trevisa. For we spekeþspeke, Cx.Iacob his children were] from α. and γ.; MS. has Benjamin was; Iacob's childer were called, Cx.of after and.ham, γ.hemsilf, β., passim.parte, Cx.abode, Cx.þeos, γ.of, Cx. and γ.Iose|phus, libro 8o, capitulo 5o. Susac kyng of Egipt [spoylede]sheldes, Cx.stude, γ.Susac, Cx. and γ.subdued, Cx.; sudewid, β.feurþe, γ.say, Cx.trustede, Cx.; a trust, γ.; triste, β.sholde. A mistake.hym, Cx.destruyde, γ.ypot, γ.Baasa, α.for] after, Cx.Iehen, Cx.Ieheia, Cx.seueþe, γ.huyrede, γ.to, Cx. and γ.y-byld, α.elþeste, γ.Silvius, α. and Cx.eyȝtenþe, α.; eyȝteþ, γ.Bases, Cx.dawes, γ.whan, Cx.one part, Cx.folewide, β.Petrus. Þis strif of the kyngdom indurededurede, α.twentyþ, γ.twel, γ.fif, γ.Of Asa kyng of Juda]. These words are wrongly inserted in MS. They appear to have been also in the copy from which α. was made, as there the words [of Asa kyng] are written and then expuncted. They are not in Cx.rightful before, Cx.fif, γ.Scheftesbury, γ.Ioram, Cx.unto, Cx.they, Cx.; α, γ.Latyns, viii. yere. Of him . . . Cx.þe] not in Cx.otherwyse called, Cx.ne, Cx.genealogye, Cx.; genelogy, γ.Achazias, α.Acabs, β.two and] not in MS., supplied from α. and γ.; xlii., Cx.except, Cx.hudde, γ.norysshed, Cx.writen, Cx.ofe, Cx.þerynne] þe, Cx.þulke, γ.bote ytrowe, γ.Helyȝeus, Cx.prophete, Cx.Helyȝeus, Cx.ymad, γ.yhurd, γ.born, Cx.destruye, γ.of, Cx.stoned, Cx.aulter, Cx.as moche to saye as, Cx.Leyth, Cx.soray, α. and Cx.; Sorai, γ.nyȝentene, γ.
AMASIAS, Ioas his sone, regned in Iuda nyne and twenty ȝere. After hym þe kyngdom of Iuda was wiþ oute kyng þrit|te[ne
xiii. yere, Cx., and from γ.Petrus. Vppon caas me seiþ þat þat kyngdom voidedewas voyde, Cx.began, Cx.þeos, γ.whoche, γ.be is repeated in MS. by an error of the scribe.unto, Cx.Aȝrias, γ.tillyng, Cx.; teliynge, β.offys, γ.hul, γ.ful apon, γ.otherwise called Arbactus, Cx.Assires, γ., passim.continued, Cx.kyngis, β.; the usual plural ending in this MS.unto, Cx.distriynge, β., the usual form.þey a were noȝt, γ.Henricus,Trogus, Cx. and γ. correctly.libro primo. Þis Sardanapallus was a man more wrecche þan eny womman; his stewardstyward, γ.on a, Cx.comyn wymmen, Cx.receyue, Cx.atte, Cx.plas, γ.gret, γ.to,c. 14., Cx.o, seiþsayde, Cx.ych, γ.ych, γ.o, capitulo 17o, meneþunderstandeth, Cx.sylf, γ., passim.whiles he liued, Cx.that to be writen, Cx.; þat þat hyt scholde, γ.here, α., Cx., and γ.Tro|gus, libro primo.tercio, Cx. correctly.his, Cx.is thus, Cx.skylfolych, γ.scars, α.; scars or mesurable, Cx.dyde, Cx.hyt, γ.or, Cx.gouernours, γ.comonte by degrees, Cx.; com|nete, γ.kynges knyghtes, Cxjugges, et semper, Cx.they, Cx.; α, γ.al, γ.egalyte of enherytaunce, Cx.lyke, Cx.; ylych, γ.take hede] om. α., Cx., and γ.one, Cx.ne, Cx.dryngke, γ.bade, Cx.childer, Cx.olde.y-chepynge, α.unto, Cx.hy, γ.lybbe, γ.delicious, Cx.endowing, Cx.; dowyngge, γ.endowing, Cx.; dowyngge, γ.holden, Cx.they, Cx.hem, Cx.his, α. and γ.receyue, Cx.; fange, γ.a boond, γ.by oth, Cx.swerye, γ.not to, Cx.til, Cx.; ar, γ.that he, Cx.yf ought, Cx.pot, γ.ouȝt, α. and γ.or made moore, Cx.till he dyed, Cx.; eende, γ.bade, Cx.lest he were born to L. and the men, Cx.here oþ, α.; their oth, Cx.echte, Cx.Eutropius, libro primo.Gaufr., Cx. The reference to Eutropius is an error.leyers, Cx.ȝut, γ.Morgan his lond, α.; is called Morgan's lande, Cx.Kymnarchus, Cx.this, Cx.fylle, Cx.; ful, γ.slept, Cx.; a sleop, γ.hem all in, Cx.unto Molyuncius, Cx.fifteþe, α.; fyftenth, Cx.be, Cx.; buþ, γ.Munitor, α.; Munitors, Cx.and] from α. and Cx.; in, MS.otherwyse callyd, Cx.þat, α.hir eme Amulius, Cx.; heore eme, γ.heo, γ.at oo childyng, Cx.; o birþen, β.and lygh] not in Cx.; lyȝ, α.gate hir, Cx.on lyve] not in Cx.wolvesse, α.; woluas, γ.ofte] om. Cx.tyttes, γ.Faustulus, Cx.heorde, Cx.; heurde, γ.childer, Cx., as always; chyl|dron, γ.norysshed, Cx.hy, γ.wel] not in Cx.wel] not in Cx.Munitor, α, and Cx.punsche, γ.þeof, γ.aduysed, Cx.Than in the, Cx.heurd, γ.after, Cx.Mimitor, α.entended to, Cx.Eutropius. Fastulus, þe heerde þat kepte þe kynges bestes, fonde tweie litel breþeren i-leide by þe brynke of þe ryuer ofof] not in Cx.concupysence of her disordinate lust, Cx.woluas, γ., always.hows of comyn women, Cx.waxede, Cx.and þeoves, α. and Cx. Oues, MS.Martinus. Noþeles wheþer þat womanwoman] from Cx.; MS. has wommen.woluas, γ., always.woluas, γ., always.Sellum, Cx.oo moneth, Cx.Petrus. By verrayferrey, γ.veray acomptes owther, Cx.fiftenþe, α.þulke, γ.regnede] from α. and Cx.; MS. has regne.lomb, γ.hoom, β.hy, γ.euerych, γ.instude, γ.to reigne] not in Cx. or γ.Phaceas] from α. and γ. MS. has Pharoes.Phaceas, Manaens sonne, Cx.
IOATHAN, OziasIosias, Cx.in Israel] not in Cx.history, Cx.tellen, Cx.destruction, Cx.whuch, γ.Hugucio. Olympus is þe name of an hillehul, γ.Acten, Cx.hul, γ.murþe, γ.þar, γ.þar, γ.habbeþ, γ.theyr, Cx.; α, γ.in þe whiche, by a mis|copying.from iiij. yere to iiij. yere, so that . . ., Cx.tornoyes, Cx.buþ, γ.Isychus Praxonidys sonne] Cx.Grekis, Cx.Hugucio, capitulo Olympus. Olympiades beþ playes i-ordeyned vnder þe hille Olympus in worschepe of Iubiter, in þe whichewhoche, γ.hath, Cx.shal, Cx.habbe, γ.lest it, Cx.he, α.; α, γ.were] from Cx.; MS. has we.forborn, Cx.he, α.; α, γ.yf it, Cx.he, α.lygnages, Cx.Pol. libro 8o. Ierom seiþ þat þis kyng of Assiria hadde fyue names, and heetand heet] not in Cx.though, Cx.ynemned, γ.dyvers] not in Cx.euery, Cx.ham, γ.unto, Cx.dwellyd, Cx.rekevre, from α.; rekeuer worship, Cx.; MS. has rekeue; rekeuere, γ.; rekeuer, β.seruage, Cx. and γ.fledde, Cx.
Achaz, Ioathan his sone, regnede in IudaIsrael, Cx.feurþe, γ.ful byld, α. and Cx.; folbuld, γ., ful bulde, β.twentiþe, γ.Apryll, Cx.þat regnede] not in Cx.Martinus. Me redeþ þatthis before kynges.before, Cx.Ytaly, Cx.hadde] om. α. and Cx.Faunus, Cx.an] om. Cx.þes, γ.so] om. α. and Cx.proute, γ.four, Cx.fourty yere, Cx.Eutropius. Þanne while Romulus regnede, his ledereledar, γ.heordes raak, Cx.; heurd hys rake, γ.Martinus. I nootnot, Cx.lept, Cx.; a leop, γ.on lupe, γ.Titus].devynynge, α.; dyuynyng, Cx. and γ.elþer, γ.vultres, α. and γ.hy stryue, γ.; þei stryue, β.he] from γ.they stryued and eyther sayd that he had the better, Cx.Martinus. But þe more comoun sawe is þat Remus was i-slawe for he leeplept, Cx.; a leop, γ.Eu|tropius. Þanne Romulus, þe firste of þe Romayns, for by his name þe Latyns were i-cleped Romayns.and he named the cyte after his owne name, Cx.cleped the cite after his owne name, α.chasse, Cx.dede, α.; did, Cx.; de, MS.an, β. and γ.hy, γ.be wryten, Cx.an, β. and γ.Titus. And whanne Romulus hadde [y]fleem, γ.and heordes, Cx.; heurdes, γ.satte, Cx.to, Cx.to see, Cx.a, γ.al, γ.yeuen, Cx.duc Thalassus, Cx.o, capitulo vndecimo, seiþ þat Titus Liuius treteþ how by cause here of was werre longe durynge bytwene þe Sabynes and þe Romayns. At þe laste whan þe Sabynesful, γ.fyll one, Cx.by hiȝte, α.; byheet, γ.and . . . . hym] not in Cx.heo, β.deliver to hym and to his men, Cx.heore, γ.heore, γ.hy, γ.lyf, α.; lyft, Cx.hy, γ.hurde, γ.till, Cx.; fort a wer nyȝ de|struyd, γ.shiltrons, Cx.; scholtroms, γ.; sheltrons, β.þes, γ. ut passim.and þe peple] bis in MS.shold putte, Cx.; scholde pot, γ.Trevisa.Eutropius, Cx. and γ.hyt, γ.Gaufridus].Gaufridus] α.; om. in Cx. and MS.; Titus, γ.freodom, γ.dude, γ.Galfridus.Galfridus] om. α.; ℞., Cx. and γ.wryten, Cx.Capne, Cx.o, capitulo 13o, meneþunderstondeth, Cx.hyt, γ.lyȝtyng, γ.dayscht, γ.or, Cx.cruwelnes, γ.heet, γ.he, α.; α, γ.inslude, γ.in þe longage of Sabyns, and þerfore] om. α., Cx., and γ.for, add. α. and Cx.quiris, α.; quyris, Cx.were lette, Cx.ful, γ.sonne, Cx. and γ.; sunne, β.went, γ.Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro primo, capitulo 30o.Augustinus de Civitate Dei, libro decimo octavo, capitulo quartodecimo, Cx., γ., and β. See the opposite page, note 9.seue, γ.Orosius, libro 2o.Ysidorus, libro secundo, Cx. Plinius is the author quoted: as in the Harl. version.kuynde, γ.a foure, β.arithmetik, α.; arsemetrik geo|metrye, Cx.Polichronicon, libro 4o.o, Cx. and γ. correctly.kuynde, γ.hem] om. in Cx. and γ.bifore, Cx.þat, α., Cx., and γ.unto the lxviij. Olmypiad, Cx.Giraldus.Giraldus . . . . . fyve ȝere, om. in Cx. The reference to Giraldus is an error.spas, γ.Gaufridus.Augustino, libro octavo, Cx. and γ. The Latin text has the correct reference.it, Cx.; α, γ.and sayd the eyer is, Cx.god is] from α., γ., and Cx.; goddes, MS.Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro primo.Augustinus de Civitate Dei, libro decimo octavo, capitulo vicesimo quinto, Cx., γ., and β. correctly.þooþer wys, γ.Iuwes, γ.þeos buþ, γ.Pitacus Milytenus, Cx.Chilon, α., Cx., and β.Chorinthius, α.; Corinthius, Cx.Cleobolus, α., Cx., and β.Hen|ricus, libro 3o.o, α.; Valerius, libro quarto, capitulo primo, Cx. and γ. correctly.þes, γ., ut passim.nett, β. and γ.þat] om, γ. and β.the nett tho was, Cx.þar ful, γ.fisshers, α. and Cx.; fyschens, γ.myghtier, Cx.of] and, γ.he] From α. and γ.Bias, α., Cx., γ., and β.Bias, α., Cx., γ., and β.fort, γ.till it was yeuen to Salon ayen, Cx.Phasee, Cx.
EZECHIAS was þe fourtene kyng of Iuda; in his secounde ȝere þe citee Siracusana, and in his þridde ȝere þe citee Catina in SiciliaScicilia, Cx. and β.yhurt, γ.hy, γ.worshiped, Cx.sonne, Cx. and γ.messagers, Cx.ryche, Cx.and desired to knowe the reason, Cx.otherwyse called, Cx.Caldees, Cx.gate, Cx.to say, Cx.hulles, γ.Gothan, α. γ., Cx., and β.Giraldus. Þat is byȝonde þe hilles of Caspy. Þerewhere, Cx.; þar, γ.encluded and closed, Cx.þe] om. in Cx.thes people, Cx.bileue, Cx.Petrus.]in to, Cx. and γ.owther atte mooste, Cx.; atte meeste, γ.leons, γ.styerne, Cx.; cruwel and steorne, γ.; steorne, β.Samaritani, Cx.Chutei, Cx.bote a lefte, γ.the space of an yere and half, Cx.costym, γ.and tyrauntes lawles, Cx.discryved, α.; descryued or de|parted, Cx.Hugucio, capitulo Ianus. For þe Romayns, as þe Hebrewes, bygynnebygunne, α.; bigan, Cx.fram, γ., ut semper.unto the tyme of this . . ., Cx.bote he pot, γ.Januar and Februare . . . Cx.incorrecte unto, Cx.Cezars, Cx.Eutropius. Numa ordeyned ornementes and cerymonies, and alle worschippe of goddes, bisshoppes, dyuynes, and Mars his preostes, and oþere eueriche in his degre of presthode,and other mynystres of prest|hode, every by due order, Cx.dawes, γ.and] om. Cx.þe] not in Cx.lyght, Cx.þe] not in Cx.emper, γ.þe] not in Cx.yfongge] added in γ.godas, γ.first] om. in Cx.Ysidorus, libro 16o, capitulo 17o. Peccunia comeþ ofseluer, γ.
MANASSES, Ezechias his sone, bygan to reigne in Iuda,in Iuda] om. in Cx. and γ.sybile, γ.Erophila, α. and Cx.bole, γ.an, Cx.of, γ.to be sawede with a sawe of tree, Cx.and] α, γ.was] om. in Cx.weep, α.yet atte last this Manasses re|pented him and wept and did pe|naunce, and so by grace amended his lyf, Cx.seyen, Cx.Isay as, MS.beside, Cx.þat hatte] not in Cx.a zuld, γ.his soule, Cx.Silve is as moche to saye as sent, Cx.it was] Cx.the, Cx.buryed, α. and Cx.seseþ, α.; seaccen, Cx.; ceeseþ, γ. and β.Eutropius. Þis was þe firste kyng of Romayns þat vsedeware, Cx.brouders and revers, α. and γ.; and brouderd and Ryueld, Cx.arayd, Cx.lyȝtyng, γ.Augustinus, libro tercio, capitulo 11o. From Ascanius his tyme to Romulus his tymehis tyme] om. in Cx.long, γ.for the name . . . . . kyng of Albans] not in Cx.ypot apon, γ.on that one, Cx.on, Cx.byrthen, Cx.; burþon, γ.on, Cx.byrthen, Cx.; burþon, γ.þeos, γ.first slough tweyne, Cx.rese, γ.Oracies, Cx.Oracies sawe, Cx.; syȝ, γ.and i-sette] om. in Cx.right grete, Cx.they, Cx.; α, γ.purposyng to take, Cx.ronne after hym, α.; for they ran after . . ., Cx.sylf, γ.evere] om. in Cx.eche, Cx.of the kyngdom come last in MS., but not in γ.þis] om. in Cx.Curyaces sawe, Cx.; syȝ, γ.and] she, Cx.wax, γ.Metius, Cx.knyȝtes] om. Cx.ful, γ.wiþ hys men.netheles Tullius had vyctory . . . Cx.drowe, Cx.horses, Cx.; horsis, β.rychesse, Cx.enchaunters, Cx.Constantynople, Cx.; Constan|tynoble, γ.wryte, Cx.sayen, Cx.putten to, Cx.This Iosias, the iiij. yere of his regne, corrected . . . Cx. MS. has þis is, by a mistake.He, to make sense with the previous error. The correction is from γ.doers as he had been an . . . , Cx.Trevisa. Hiȝe places beeþ i-clepedi-cleped] not in Cx.in, Cx.story] from α., γ., and Cx.; MS. has stodie.and] not in Cx.þe] om. α. and Cx.þe.Nechans, α., γ.; Nechao, Cx.otherwise called, Cx.otherwise called, Cx.otherwise called, Cx.Ancus, Cx.feurþe, γ. and β.sawe in Tarquinius Priscus, Cx.eyres, β.Elchyse, α.; Elchias, β. and Cx.; Helchyas, γ.bisshop his, α.in Egipte, as does γ.syȝ, α.; sawe, Cx.his owne bregyrdel yroted . . . Cx. and γ.brygurdel, α.yrooted, α.Olda, Cx.and after hem.fyfthe, Cx.pleyes, α. and Cx.vyses, α.; vises, β. and Cx.; vyces, γ.pryvey, α.; pryuy, Cx.Ancus sonne that was his pre|cessour, Cx.Titus. Whanne Ancus was dede, he sente traytourlichetraytously, Cx.sylf, γ.eyr, β.aȝenes, γ.huyrede heurdes, γ.for.heurdes, γ.habbe, γ.myddel, α. and Cx.Ianuar, Cx.trybutarii, Cx.tokon, γ.eleue, γ.
THE grete Nabugodonosor bygan to regne in Babilon,Babyloyne, Cx.Pharao.o,o, α. and Cx. correctly.o, seiþ þat þis Nabugodonosor, in þe fourþefeurþe, γ.regne, Cx.Iudea, α. and Cx.Iewry, β.wan, Cx.kyng.Ioachim, Cx.descended of hynges, Cx.forward, Cx.Siria, Cx.Petrus. Vnder þat tempest and teneteone, Cx. and β.ne sette vynes ne sowe sedes, Cx.hy, γ.hamsylf, γ.promysed hym, Cx.and toke Ierusalem, and kylled . . ., Cx.crowned ther, Cx.and his breþeren kyng for hym.yeue credence to, Cx.þat.of] From α. and Cx.; MS. has and.forne, Cx.it may seme, Cx.; hyt semeþ, γ.scars for unlerned men to under|stonde, Cx.Iosias] from β. and γ.; MS. gives Irchonyas. In Cx. the sen|tence is Iosias begate Iechonias and Iechonias. And Iochonias gate Salatiel.also.into Cx.tyme of] twice over in MS.Trevisa. Þe transmigracioun of Babilon was þe takynge of þe folkfook, α.; folke, Cx.Petrus. InOn, Cx.Codonasia, Cx.; Codonazia, γ. and β.Iosephus, libro 10o, capitulo 8o. Ieconias, þat hiȝteotherwyse callyd, Cx.and was also.Ioachis sonne, Cx.bote, γ.Iule, γ.holde, Cx. and γ.hym, Cx.and regnede but þre monþes] om. α. and Cx.this Iechonias, Cx.with, Cx.whoche, γ.ȝut, γ.otherwyse callyd, Cx.till, Cx.; fort, γ.Enil moradach, α.; Enylmero|dach, Cx.Petrus, [144o].echt, Cx.regnyng, γ.þeos þat ȝuld ham wylfolych buþ yclepud, γ.his þridde sone, α.; thyrd sonne, Cx.Iosephus, libro 10o, capitulo 9o. Ezechiel bygan to prophecie, and prophecied in Babilon to hem þat were in bondage, after þat þey hadde i-fongetaken, Cx.þe, α., Cx., and γ.prophetes, γ.in þat.the citee of] om. Cx.semeth, Cx.hy, γ.yse, γ.netheles ther sayng were true of both, for, Cx.sawe, α., γ., and β.yȝen, γ.Reblatha, Cx.so] from α., Cx., and γ.start, α. and γ.; stark blynde, Cx. and β.the old dragons lawes, Cx. and β.o, capitulo 16o, seith,seiþ] om. α. and Cx.and.o, and Trogus Pompeius, libro 2o, in þis manere: in Salon his tyme men of Athene hadde no lawe, for eueriche of hem hadde
regnynge, α. and γ.; rengnyng, Cx.instude, γ.on either, Cx.; eyþer, γ.Valerius, libro 8o, capitulo 7o. Þis at þehis, α., γ., and Cx.arered, Cx.heved, α.bihelde hem, one axed him why . . . . ., Cx.me, α.dude, γ.ich, γ.y, γ.expouned, Cx.; undude, γ.seyȝ, α.; see, Cx.dude, from γ.; Cx. has did; MS., it was.Danyel] om. in γ.wille, α.Yet somme understand, Cx.regne, Cx.i-werned, α.; trybute was werned him, Cx.though, Cx.seydest and] From Cx.prophecidest, Cx.and after citee.the king was taken in the dawing, Cx.; for king, MS. has citee Jeru|salem.in Reblatha, Cx.; Reblata, γ.yȝen, γ.dryngke, γ.after, Cx.nyntenþe, α. and Cx.pylers, γ.Ieremyas, α. and Cx.ȝere.writen Hebrues, Cx.veryly, Cx.as.wryten, Cx.ȝere, which he inserts after fourty.an] from α. and Cx.; MS. has and.ferþe, γ.done, Cx.in, Cx.dawes, γ.setteth, Cx.in, Cx.somme seyne, Cx.twelf] from α. and Cx.; MS. has two.ypot, γ.þeos, γ.ferþe, γ.; feorþe, β.
THE fourthfyth, Cx.þe.shal, Cx. and γ.reken, Cx.began, Cx.Noþeles som . . . . . laste ȝere of Cirus. Evidently an error.redlych, γ.buþ, γ.second, Cx and γ.buþ, γ.folle, γ.Petrus, libro 15o, capitulo 4o.libro 154o, α., Cx., and β.drad, Cx.; dradde, β. and γ.kyng.wham hy, γ.wiþ al here.Ieremias, Cx.stenede, γ.the eddres & cocadrilles, Cx.; and below; cocodrilles, γ.Trevisa. A cokedrillecocodryl, γ.cominly, Cx.; comynlych, γ.rekketh, Cx.rested, Cx.cocadrylle, Cx.; cocodril, γ.alon, γ.meueþ, γ; moeneth, Cx.jowe, α. and Cx.; geowe, γ.hyt, γ.prophete, α., β., and Cx.; pro|phet, γ.syg a tokon, γ.schulden, β.ham, γ.within, Cx.þes, γ.of Jewes] added in γ.with al that was therein, Cx.prayeris, β.yswolwet, γ.where, Cx.buþ, γ.he] om. α. and Cx.yhud, γ.redde, Cx.; yrad, γ.seiþ, α., β., and γ.; Me seyth, Cx.atte, Cx.shal, Cx.; schul, γ.the, Cx.; þe hul, γ.ayene, Cx.; aȝegoyng, γ.; ȝe|goynge, β.ferþe, γ.twentiþe, α.; xxiiij., Cx.subget, Cx.hem] om. Cx.; ham, γ.sweuon, γ.subget, Cx.relef, α. and γ.; relyef, Cx.; re|lif, β.bifil, β.pistle, Cx.; pistyl, γ.whuch, γ.yseen, Cx.; yseye, γ.pruyde, γ.bifore, Cx.bihynde, Cx.; byhynde, γ.till, Cx.; fort þat, γ.Petrus 16o. After þe whichewhoch, γ.eet, γ.ne, Cx.eet, γ.ware] om. Cx.weddid, β. (the common termi|nation in this MS.)twenty, Cx.Eutropius, libro primo. Þisþes, γ., passim.womans, Cx.Equilinus, Cx.burges, Cx.; borgeys, γ.Titus. Þis hadde i-maried his douȝter Tullia to oon Tarquinius Su|perbus. Scheheo, β., γ.heore, γ.comynte, Cx.; comnete, γ.fader, Cx. and α.þe, α. and Cx.upon, Cx.hamward, γ.of, α.; that, Cx.yhyred, γ.hurde, γ.sche] om. Cx.heore, γ.char, Cx.heore, γ.a lad, γ.; heo, β.chare, Cx.heore, γ.to drawe, α., β., and γ.; to drawen, Cx.horses, Cx.; horsis, β.ham, γ., passim.ham þat hy, γ.saw, Cx.; syȝ, γ.sightes and visions, Cx.Iosephus, libro 10, capitulo 11o.]
AFTER þe grete Nabugodonosor, [his sone Nabugodonosor]pot, γ.rialte, β.destruyde, γ.of] om. α.hom, γ.heo, β.and she, Cx.Enilmarodoth, Cx.tweyne] om. Cx.; tweie, α.; twey, β. and γ.Petrus 162. Þis Nabugodonozor his broþer, Enilmerodach, bygan to regne whan his broþer was dede, and a noon he took upup] om. Cx.al kyngene trones, γ.dude, γ.meschyef, Cx.; meschief, γ.he put, Cx.; ypot, γ.acuset, γ.began, Cx.up] om. Cx.from, Cx.mankunde, γ.out of the erth his faders body, Cx.cutte, Cx.peces, Cx.deled the peces to an honderd vulters for to ete, Cx.rise er, Cx.; aryse ar, γ.fylle, Cx.; bifil, β.; ful, γ.Petrus 169. In þis Enilmero|dach his tymewas Suzanna accused, that is not . . ., Cx.is rade, Cx.Ierem, β.fier, β.saye, Cx.; telliþ, β.Grece, β.; Gres, γ.be not, Cx.
BALTHASAR regnede in Caldea and in Babilon; in his firste ȝere [Daniel]sawe, Cx.feorþe, β.in, Cx. and γ.þe] om. Cx.angels, Cx. and β.; angles, γ.beore, γ.world, from Cx., β., and γ.; whiche, MS.ferþe, γ.shold be subdued, Cx.; sudewide, β.; soduwed, γ.Petrus 163. Þis Antecrist unworþy, of þe lynage of Dan, schal be boreborne, Cx.lyght, Cx.; alyȝt, γ.yued, β.yned, born, Cx.losse or, Cx.leesing, β.; leosyng, γ.þre of, from α., β., γ., and Cx.; þerof, MS.y-smyȝte, α.; smyten, Cx.say, Cx.kynges] om. Cx.Affrica, Cx.wytchecrafte, Cx.yhud, γ.circumside, Cx.on] om. Cx.almyghties, Cx.bitake, β.bitaken unto, Cx.þe] om. Cx.deed, Cx.Michael, Cx.; Mighel, β.Jeromus, α.where, Cx.steyȝ, α.; ascended, Cx.; stiȝ, β.; styȝ, γ.Crist, from Cx., β., and γ.; Antecriste, MS.unto, Cx.till Antecrist, Cx.o, þat no man knoweþ þat hour but þe fader allone, ȝit Goddes sone knoweþ it, for he is þe same God þat is þe fader. But þerfore it is seide þat he knoweþ it nouȝt, for he makeþ not us knowe it þat beeþ his lemeslymmes, Cx.þe] om. Cx.spedfol, γ.þat] om. Cx.Soo we, Cx.lybbe, γ.þeyȝ, γ.Trogus, libro 2o. Aboute þat tyme at Athenes, after þe deþ of Salon þe wise, oon Phili|stratus betePhisistratus botte, Cx.; beote, β.þe juges and] added in γ.comyntee, Cx.; comynte, γ.assigned to, Cx.Polichronicon, libro octavo. Þusþis, α.; þus, γ.The wyf of this, Cx.y-cussed, α. and γ.; kysshed, Cx.; kisside, β.them that loven, Cx.hem that haten, Cx.siȝ, γ.whether or sheep, Cx.; weþer, γ.understande, Cx.buck, Cx.Alysander, Cx.buk, Cx.; bokke, γ.grewe, Cx.One, Cx.Anthyochus, Cx.oon of] om. α.; one, Cx.was, Cx.; bifil, β.; byful, γ.þe whuch, γ.grauntsire, Cx.sawe, Cx., et passim.byfore, Cx.on, Cx.and wroot] om. Cx.Mane, techel, phares, þat is to mene,understonde, Cx.wight, Cx.which, Cx.folfuld, γ.lyvest, Cx. and γ.wentest, γ.Orosius.Oracius, Cx.eeste, Cx.Babilon, α. and γ.; Babyloyn, Cx.aventured, Cx.; auntride, β.drowned, Cx.; adreynt, γ.afow, γ.schoolt, γ.; schoold, β.so shalde withoute depnesse that, Cx.come, Cx.; tille to, β.; tylle to wymmen knen, γ.tille, α.knees, Cx.thre score, Cx.ywond, γ.þat] om. Cx.Petrus 16, 5.Somme wryte, Cx.wham, γ.Darius doughter, Cx.Cyrus eame socyed and ioyned to Cyrus, Cx.Petrus [166].Pers, γ.vysion, Cx.sywede, γ.put, α. and γ.; till he was done and putt in to the pitte, Cx.echt avision, Cx.fynal, γ.þat was to] om. Cx.wekes, Cx.thy, Cx. and γ.that be wekes sette not of dayes but of yeres, Cx., and similarly, α., β., and γ.weke conteyned, Cx.sayd, Cx.yeres, Cx. and γ.an yere, Cx.Trevisa. Þemonethe, Cx., et infra.þridde, γ.Ianuary, Cx.twelf, γ.Ianuary, Cx.sueþ, α. and Cx.; hyt folweþ, γ.thistory, Cx.and fyue] added in γ.but seventy . . . score and] om. Cx., but inserted in α.this, Cx.; þeos, γ.twenty, Cx.Artaxzerses, Cx.Affrycanus history, Cx.bote, γ., semper.xv., Cx.baptysed, Cx.; folewide, β.; yfolled, γ.Tercullianus, Cx.this, Cx.; þeos, γ.till Titus, Cx.avision, Cx.whas, γ.teoþe, γ.of] om. Cx.þe] om. Cx.siȝ, γ.
AFTER þe deth of Darius of Medya, þat was i-made Assu|erus oþerether, Cx.huld þe hole, γ.se, γ.Percia though, Cx.avaunside, β.his] om. α. and Cx.doughter, Cx. and γ.Trogus, libro primo. Astiages, þat heetotherwyse called, Cx.Than, Cx.; þanne, γ.dremredars, γ.undude, γ.; undide, β.expowned this, Cx.pot, γ.out of it, Cx.no noble, Cx.heore, γ.bitoke, Cx.heurde, γ.to ley the child in a woode, there to be devoured, Cx.heurde, γ.he, Cx.which was lyghter of child the same time, Cx.sche] om. α.þat . . . child] om. α. and Cx.and she, Cx.fette, Cx.and she wold nowrysshe him, Cx.legge heore, γ.bytche yeuyng it, Cx.it, Cx.Petrus 173. And whanne þe childe was brouȝt to þe herdes wyf, heit, Cx.; a made heore good semblaunt, γ.semblaunt, Cx.it, Cx.longe] om. Cx.heo, β.Spartatus, α. and Cx.chastysede, Cx.; chastiside, β.chastysede, Cx.; chastiside, β.ham, γ.Wherfor the fader of the childre, Cx.; þe childern faders, γ.compleyned, Cx.; pleynede, γ.þe] om. Cx.on, Cx.stydfast, Cx.; studefast, γ.leornede, γ.hou, α.bytake, Cx.yete, γ.than, Cx.fore] om. Cx.; a told hym for, γ.ledar, γ.conseyled thoost, Cx.Perses, Cx.hem, Cx.eyr, β.Petrus,Trogus, α., γ., and Cx.libro primo. In þe mene tyme Arpagus sente a lettre to Cirus for he schulde haue mynde how he saued hym and loste his owne childe by causefor loue, Cx.ne] om. α. and Cx.for the kyng, therfor, Cx.put, Cx.; dude, γ.daye, Cx.erly on the, Cx.; erlych a mo|rowe, γ.erly on morow, Cx.Sebar, γ.one Sebar, that was escaped, Cx.ygyued] added in γ.Persipol, Cx.bade, Cx.dryngke, γ.hem, α. and Cx.; ham, γ.ȝursday, γ.hy, γ.he, Cx. and γ.Petrus 173. Þanne Astiages dredde sore, and made his cosyn Darius to be his sone adoptiuus; and whanne þe batailles come to gidres and gonnegon, γ.began to, Cx.þe] om. Cx.began, Cx.; gon, γ.and seide] om. Cx.Wol ȝe kreope, γ.were, Cx.; werþe, γ.sodeynliche, α., β.; sodenly, Cx.ful, γ.Hircans, Cx.Petrus 174. Cirus, whan he hadde [y]Ysayas, Cx.ȝere] om. Cx.bifore, Cx.Cirus] added in γ.ych, γ.&c., Cx.nygh, Cx.; nyȝ, γ.to] om. α., γ., and Cx.vyf, γ.up] om. Cx.meouede, γ.meode, γ.meued hym, Cx.say, Cx.abiden unto, Cx.
DANIEL prayed to God for þe delyueraunce of [the]purposed to, Cx.folfulde, γ.slowe, Cx.; sloouȝ, γ.and] om. Cx.to] om. Cx.for] om. Cx., as usual.for] om. Cx., as usual.Petrus 174o. Þanne þe þridde ȝere of Cirus þe Iewes wente under Zeroba|bel þe duke, and [under]Johan, Cx.; Ihu, γ.apon, γ.though, Cx.Cronȝique, Cx.; Cronyk, γ.þis, α. and Cx.fyfth, Cx.; vyfte, γ.fundament, Cx.hurde, γ.asisted, Cx.hy, γ.understande, Cx.; underfange, β.anshwerede, γ.Orosius, libro primo. In kyng Cirus his tyme, Phalaris, aat, MS.Scicilia punysshed, Cx.ryȝtfolych, γ.brasene bole, γ.where men that were dampnd shold goo in to the boole, Cx.þe] om. Cx.þat] om. Cx.essaye, Cx.; asaye, γ.wykkydlych, γ.þe] om. α. and Cx.of] om. α. and Cx.punysshed, Cx.befelle, Cx.Liddus, Cx.helpe, Cx.fled, Cx.; fliȝ, β.sessed, Cx.; ceeside, β.; ycesed, γ.worschiplych, γ.to] om. Cx.profyte, Cx.curtosye, Cx.which, Cx.wherfor, Cx.Alim, α. and β.; Alym, Cx. and γ.leose, γ.Petrus, 176. Cirus smot Cresus bysides þe ryuer Alun,Alim, α. and Cx.; Alym, γ.sleght, Cx.; sliȝþe, β.; sleythe, γ.hy, γ.horses, Cx.with comyn women, Cx.Trogus, libro primo. Þere hadde beI be, α.; be, Cx.; hadden be, β.; ybe, γ.noble kynges of Lyddes, from Cx., β., and γ.; þe noble Liddes of kynges, MS.beautee, Cx.ofte] om. α. and Cx.Eutropius.
THE seuenþe and þe laste kyng of [the]and] om. Cx.; and hiȝte, β.; and het, γ, from which the verb is added.he, Cx.wif his, α.boleyerdes, Cx.platis] om. γ.Augus|tinus de Civitate, libro 2o, capitulo 14o. At þe laste he bulde a temple to Iubiterof Iupiter, Cx.hul, γ.hy, γ.hy, γ.diggide, β.hy, γ.wherfore theyr, Cx.here] om. Cx.Titus Livius, et Augustinus de Civitate, libro primo, capitulo 19o. Somtyme while þis Tarquinius Superbus besegede þe citee Ardea, þat was rebel to Rome, his sone Tarquinius Sextus and Lucrecia housbondLucrecias husbonde, Cx.to, added after housbond in MS., but om. α. and Cx.þe] om. Cx.quoþ, β.; quaþ, γ.all one, Cx.wol, Cx.gyglotrye, Cx.Sixtus, Cx.gyst, α.in gestwyse, Cx.; yn a gyst|wyse, γ.apon, γ.heo, β. and γ.adrawe, γ.and] om. Cx.ligge, Cx.; lygge, γ.maugrey, β. and γ.ich, γ.sayde but thou suffre me lye by the, Cx.wente, Cx.sorowfully, Cx.; sorfol, γ.and drery] om. Cx; dreory, γ.sente, Cx.prayed, Cx.enformed, Cx.hir, Cx.gave feyth and credence to her messagier and, Cx.; hy tok fey, γ.fey, α. and β.heo, γ.heo, γ.gult, γ.wiþ] om. α., β., and Cx.; gulty, γ., omitting wiþ.she, Cx., α., and γ.after that dede, Cx.; spouse|bruche, γ.heo, β. and γ.were, Cx.tokne, γ.heo, β. and γ.thereof in conservynge hir good loos and name, and in avoydyng the despite, and in example of good women he, Cx.heo, β.; α, γ.loose, β.; leose, γ.aditour, β.; a dytour, γ.o, toucheþ, tweyneþar were tweyne and, γ.þere, from α. and Cx.; þat, MS.and, from α. and Cx.; in, MS.brake spousage, Cx.Eutropius. By cause of þis dede þe peplepeople, γ.and putte downe and deposed his fader from his kyngdome, and exyled, Cx.he and his childern wente away, Cx.; a flyȝ he and his childern, γ.tyme] om. Cx.two consuls, Cx.er, Cx.; ar, γ.het, γ.neyther dwell therin, Cx.spousebrekyng, Cx.o, capitulo 14o et 19o,o, α. and Cx.that, Cx.oþere consul] om. γ.Augustinus, libro 3o, capitulo 14o, et Titus.and Tytus, Cx.messagers, Cx.for to have hys catel and hys goodes þat he hadde yleft in þe cite, inserted in γ.messagers, Cx.pryuey, γ.Vicilles, Cx.the consul] om. α., γ., and Cx.staat, γ.estate in the cyte ayene, Cx.dude ham, γ.ti. libri Eneyd.Eneidis, Cx.Eutropius,
libro primo. Þanne Tarquinius gadrede helpe in eueryeuerych, γ.encountryng, Cx.his sone] om. Cx.þryȝes, α.; thryes, Cx.lyued, Cx.; elde, β.; eldede, γ.poure, γ.birye, β.gaderede, β.Petrus, co. lxxvi., and Trogus, libro primo.]
CIRUS, whanne he hadde i-wonnewonnen, β.castide, β.he entended to warre, Cx.Sythes, Cx., et infra.Thanurus, Cx.; Thamirus, γ.Messagetes, Cx.be alle one nacyon, Cx. and β.þey] þat, MS.he, α.; þeyȝ heo, γ.Though she myght haue with|stande his entre into hyr londe, and all hyr enemyes, and haue holden hem of atte, Cx.wylfolych, γ.wylfully suffred them entre to haue, Cx.eysier, γ.heo, γ.not lete them escape by flyght, Cx.pauylon, Cx.her, Cx.of] om. Cx.dryngke, γ.thryddele, Cx.; thriddel, β.deynteous, Cx.; dentuos, γ.dryngke, γ.drongnes, γ.came, Cx.; ful apon, γ.a weep, γ.heo, γ.heo, γ.woundide, β.drow, Cx.narouȝ, γ.escaped, Cx.; ascapede, γ.tydynges, Cx.how hem spedde] om. Cx.bade, Cx.; het, γ.flakette, Cx.; flaket, γ.fol, γ.that hast euer desyred, Cx.was dede, Cx.ryally, Cx.; rialyche, β.; nobe lych and realych, γ.Petrus, 178.
CAMBICES,Cambyses, Cx., et infra.called Cx.thystorye, Cx.Trogus, 198.though he mere so called, Cx.in þis Cambises tyme] om. α. and Cx., copied here by mistake, from the previous sentence.a huld, γ.of hys kyngdom al hool a slouȝ, γ.widue, β.; weduwe, γ.Olyfernes, Cx.; Olofernes, γ.vyfte, γ.Babylonia, Cx.Damaske, Cx.viii., Cx.Valerius, libro 6o. Þis Cambises, Cirus his sone, regnede after his fader,Cirus . . . fader] om. α. and Cx.men] om. Cx.stryke, Cx.; strike, β.; struype, γ.yeuen fals iuggement, Cx.and to take it aboute the chayre there as, Cx.ple, γ.iuge his, α.; iugges, Cx.stude, γ.suche versus to be wryton, Cx.cheyre, γ.
AFTER Cambises, oon Hermeydes, þat was oon of þe seuene wise men þat ruledereulede, γ.have kepte, Cx.ȝut, γ.bifore this, Cx.but, α.; and, Cx.wuste, γ.this, Cx.þe wise man] om. Cx.lyeng on his deth bed, and he hadde, Cx.and] om. Cx.ionglynge, Cx.huydyng, β., γ.habbe, γ., ut sæpe.pryveylich, added in γ.heo, γ.yf he hadde eeres, Cx.; eres, β.for . . . his eren] om. Cx.wenche, α., β., γ., and Cx.two, Cx.scarsely, Cx.hamsylf wuch af ham, γ.hy alle, γ.neyde, Cx.; neyede, γ.keper, γ.keper of his hors, Cx. and β.asayle, γ.where, Cx.i-seide and] om. Cx.in dede] om. α. and Cx.on the morow, Cx.began, Cx.þat . . . anyȝt] om. Cx.
DARIUS regned over an hondred and seuen and twenty pro|uinces; and Zerobabel, Salatiel his sone,Zorobabel, Salatiels sonne, Cx.right famylyer, Cx.er, Cx.; ar, γ.vessels, Cx., as always.buylde, γ.comforted, Cx.; comfortiden, β.bycause, Cx.hy, γ.dwellyd in howses, Cx.hy, γ.but] om. Cx.letted, Cx.slept, Cx.; slep, γ.Iosephus, libro undecimo, Cx.; primo, γ. There is a space left in the MS. for the reference, but it has not been filled in.redels, Cx., β., and γ.quoþ, α.; quaþ, γ.þe] om. Cx.thes, Cx.oþer a, γ.promysed, Cx.; byhet, γ.þe] om. Cx.Þan] om. Cx.skylle, Cx.beestes, Cx.; al maner bestes, γ.that he commaundeth, Cx.for] om. Cx.by, Cx.eyther of the tweyne, Cx.fedynge, Cx.; fedyng, γ.be comen, Cx.a potteþ here lyf, γ.her, α.; theyr, Cx.a syȝ, γ.heo, γ.lough, Cx.heo, γ.þeos, γ.þeos, γ.veyr, γ.grete, Cx.sothenes, γ.ever dure, Cx.vessels, β.and licenced hym to goo and buylde, Cx.and yaue hym lettres of warrant that no man shold lette him, Cx.eyȝteþ, γ.of] om. Cx., β., and γ.and . . . gospel] om. α. and Cx.hy, γ.hyt, γ.yhalwed, γ.Petrus, 182o. Also þis ȝere þe firefuyr, γ.aulter, Cx.yhud in a pot, γ.hit, α.; it, Cx.; hyt, γ.olde] om. α. and Cx.houȝ, γ.yf it be, Cx.seiþ] om. Cx.where, Cx.yhud hyt, γ.till, Cx.redde, Cx.tok, γ.hy tok, γ.out of] om. Cx.deyeden, β.pot, γ.bygonne, γ.were, α.; is, Cx. and γ.byfore, Cx.that, Cx.refreyne, α., β., and γ.; myght refreyne, Cx.þeose, γ.doo] om. Cx.duyrede, γ.Titus. After þat Tar|quinius was putpot, γ.ham sylf, γ.fyfthe, Cx.of þe cite, added in γ.customme, Cx.; costom, γ.hy, γ.reulers, γ.they, Cx.; α, γ.pot, γ.comynne, Cx.hul, γ.habbe, γ.
PICTHAGORAS,Pictagoras, Cx. and β.; Pitta|goras, γ.deyede, β.Trogus, libro primo.rychcher, γ.after, Cx.; seththe, γ.Babilon to lerne, Cx.for] om. Cx.forto . . . Lacedemonia] om. in Cx. and γ. It is evidently an error of the scribe.forto . . . Lacedemonia] om. in Cx. and γ. It is evidently an error of the scribe.Lycurgus his, α.Croniorum, γ.reule, γ.every by hym self, Cx.deyede, β.this, Cx.o, capitulo 4o; but þere is more i-puttepot, γ.disputynge, Cx.put, Cx.; dude, γ.har, γ.aray, Cx.royalte as though, Cx.instrumnet to lecherye, Cx.they dyde, Cx.; a dude ham, γ.weren sworn, β.yn on felouȝschyp, γ.preuey, γ.þe citee] om. α.conspyracy ayenst hym, and toruned, Cx.as it . . . companie] om. Cx., β., and γ.one hows, Cx.Picthagorax, α.men, γ.mennes sentences, Cx.ynowȝ, β.with] om. α., γ., and Cx.Valerius, libro 3o, capitulo 7o. Þeihy, γ.þat] om. Cx.is, Cx.loore, Cx.ȝif] om. Cx.he, γ.hy, γ.Isidorus, Cx.Agellius, libro 8o, capitulo 8o. AlAlle, Cx.was, Cx. and γ.stydfast and true, Cx.hy, γ.loore, Cx.busylych, γ.nouȝt and . . . nouȝt speke] om. Cx.in] om. α., β., and γ.bysylych, γ.o, þeyhy, γ.nouȝt and . . . nouȝt speke] om. Cx.Hugo didascolus, Cx.sciens, γ.before seven yere, Cx.skylle, Cx.of his lore] om. Cx.byleue, Cx.til, Cx.al] om. Cx.þanne, α.; than, Cx.Polichronicon, libro 7o. Þis Pictagoras usede so grete con|tynence and abstinence þat he eteeet, β.fleysch, γ.worschipiden, β.in, Cx.tok, γ.an, Cx.veray, Cx.he, Cx.to byleue, Cx.mennes sowle, Cx.bote lybbe, γ.fange meede, β.; fange mede, γ.and for to haue mede or peyne after the deseruyng in theyr lyf, Cx.first] om. Cx.Ieronimus contra Rufum. Pictagoras seiþ þat soules after þe deth passeþ from þeþe] om. α. and Cx.sexto, α.; sexto Eneydis, Cx.hy, γ,begyn to wylle. Cx.; to wylne β.; bygynneþ to wylne, γ.Tullius, de natura Deorum, libro 3o. Whanne Pictagoras fonde newe conclucioun in gemetrie, he wolde offre an oxe to þe Muses; and þat I trowe was i-doodoon, β.sprynge the aucter, Cx.Trevisa. Hit is won|der to speke of þe Muses, ffor some poetespoetis, β.douȝtris, β.doughters of Iupiter, Cx.muynde, γ.seyn, Cx.douȝtris, β.Tesbia, Cx.Polichronicon, libro 5o, capitulo 4o. Men of Athene brende Pictagoras his bookes, and exiled hym also, for hethey, Cx.whether, Cx. and γ.speke, α. and γ.; spak, Cx.goodes, α.; goddes, Cx.; godes, γ.Agellius, libro 5o. Whanne [that]maner, Cx.lyuelode with, Cx.Iuy, Cx.a short roop, Cx.; a schort roop, γ.sawe, Cx.doo spedyly, Cx.geometrye, Cx.bounde, α.; bounden, Cx.fagott, Cx.ich, β.sayde, Cx.; Ich, quaþ, γ.sayth, Cx.wolde, Cx.volwe, γ.leurnede, γPolichronicon, libro 5o.
Enallius, α. and γ.; Auallius, Cx., et infra.leurne, γ.parfyght, Cx.; parfyt, γ.ar he gan to leurne, γ.before er he lerned, and that other half, Cx.made plee bifore, Cx.facunde, Cx.bifore pleders, Cx.troweth, Cx.wold not, Cx.tok, γ.sommoned, Cx.bifore pleders, Cx.ich, γ.detty, γ.eiþer, α. and Cx.; eyþer, γ.ich, γ.by right is it dette to me, Cx.than is it dette to me, Cx.; þanne hyt ys detty, γ.Naye, sayd, Cx.lerne, α., β., and Cx.; lern, γ.ner, γ.nether waye, Cx.be demed, Cx.þe.y schal, γ.than shal I not paye by dome, Cx.be demed, Cx.y schal, γ.than shal I not by couenaunt, Cx.brygous, Cx.; brigous, β. and γ.an insoluble, and continued the sentence of iuggement to a long day, Cx.redde, Cx.heo, γ.fyrst husbande, Cx.trayede, α.respyted theyr iuggement till an, Cx.on that one, Cx.that, Cx.cruwel, γ.Ysidre,Ysidorus, Cx.libro 2o, capitulo 24o. Þey menedeme rede, α. and γ.; Though men rede, Cx.caimes lygnage, Cx.hys lynage, γ.music bifore, Cx.caimes lygnage, Cx.Noes flode, Cx.Grekes, Cx.sowne of hamers, Cx.Mar.,Marian, Cx.; Macr., β. and γ.libro 2o. Hit happede þat Pictagoras passede forþ openliche
smythes, Cx.an, β.yre, γ.hote yron, and acorde eueryche to other in certayne, Cx.he] om. Cx.smythes to, Cx.wyȝtes, γ.weyght, and bade hym, Cx.gottes, γ.shepe, Cx.beestes, Cx.; riþeren, β.; roþe|ron, γ.weyghtes, Cx.weyghtes, Cx.sowne, Cx., et infra.priueyte, γ.nombres, Cx.acorde, Cx.Tusculis questio, Cx.o, spekeþ of hym, and seiþ þat Pictagoras scolereshis scolars, α.; scolers, Cx.Augustinus, Epistola 5o, contra Iulia|num.contra Rut., Cx.ȝonglinges, α. and γ.; yong|lynges, Cx.chaast, β.of chast women, Cx.bade, Cx.; het, γ.pypars, γ.to] om. Cx.thendytyng, Cx.hy dude, γ.bestyaligte of moeuyng of lechery cessed by the slouth, Cx.teones, α. β. and γ.; tewnes, Cx.Seneka, libro 3o, [de]ira.de lira, Cx.smythes hows, Cx.in the smytyng, Cx.anueld, Cx.wey, Cx.wey, γ., et infra.another, Cx.anoþer weyȝ, α.anoþer, α. and Cx.anoþer weyed oþer half so moche as anoþer, occur twice in the MS. where also a part of the previous clause has been repeated but is erased.wey, α.that is here nex folowynge] om. α. and Cx.clepede, Cx.; clepuþ, γ.dyapason, and þat a clepede in numbre oþer half a clepeþ in souns diapente, γ.and al, by a mistake.and that that in nombre is called al and the thryd dele hete in sownes, Cx.al and þe eyȝteþe del a clepeþ in souns tonus, γ.y, α.and that that in nombres is called al and the eyghteth dele heete in tewnes double dyapason, Cx. A mistake. In none of the versions is there any translation of the tripla proportio.straut, β.stryng be streyned end longe, Cx.apon, γ.brygge, α.; brydge, Cx.be, Cx.in, Cx.it departe, Cx.; a departe, γ.be, Cx.it be, Cx.brigge, Cx.be, Cx.eyght, Cx.meny, α. and γ.; many, Cx. and β.stude, γ.that, Cx.kytte, Cx.; kitte, β.habbeþ, γ.to] om. Cx.Ysidorus, libro 8o, capitulo 6o.
THE name of philosofres hadde byginning of Pictagoras; for þeþe] om. Cx.Grekes callyd hymself, Cx.wyseman, Cx.; man added from α.and for of, Cx.pruyte, γ.hadden, β.her names of her auctours, Cx.hy þat huld, γ.weren cleped, β.Pyctagoraci, Cx.helden, β.Polichronicon, libro primo. Somsomme, Cx.helden, Cx.contrees, Cx.contre, Cx.that hadden, Cx.yonder Grece. Theyr, Cx.and after Tales.Ysidorus, libro 8o. Oþere hadde names of stondynge, and comynge togidres, as Stoycy, Achademicy.achademice, peripatetici, Cx.Grece, there in was, Cx.þere, α.; þar, γ.beryng and dedes, Cx.berynde, α.ȝeven, α and Cx. It appears from what follows it should be Zenon; Zenon, β. and γ.he seide.and thus he meaned, Cx.kuyte, β. and γ.saide, Cx.þat, γ.that mannes soule, Cx.Trevisa. I woldeyche, α.seen, Cx. and β.; y-seie is added from α.powred, Cx.; heldid, β.galon, Cx.schulden, β.duyre, γwithouten, Cx.desireden, β.Achademicy hadden. . . ., Cx.bysydes, γ.het, γ.Plato, α. γ. and Cx.ywond, γ.; wonte for to. . ., Cx.This, Cx.; þis trowide, β.trouwede, γ.þat] om. Cx.Domocritus, Cx.must, Cx.beþ, γ.ben unknowen, β.hydde, Cx.wyll, Cx.buþ, γ.maye, Cx.kyndly, β.mannes kyndly wytte, Cx.Peripateticy have. . . ., Cx.habbeþ, γ.Arystotle, Cx.ywond, γ.wonte to dyspute, Cx.Augustinus de Civi|tate, libro 8o. Þere beeþ þre manere of philosofresfilosofris, β.þe] om. Cx.were, Cx.hulde, γ.toke, Cx.taught, Cx.god, β.the] om. α. β. γ. and Cx.sich, β.huld, γ.suche was] om. Cx.hult, γ.parfyght, Cx.techare, γ.Ysidorus, libro octavo, capitulo 6o. Þerfore he is a verrey philosofreveray phylosophre, Cx.ryȝtfol, γ.of, Cx.dyvynes, β.called dyuynes were reputed for moost excellent, Cx.ham, γ.vanysshed, Cx.; vanischiden, β.hy, γ.schulen, β.atte, β.matire, γ.euery martir is even and pere, Cx.Au|gustinus de Civitate, libro 8o, capitulo 10o. Þey þat hadde riȝt knowleche of God profitedprofitiden, β.truth, Cx.and] om. γ. and Cx.and grace] om. α. β. and Cx. The repetition is an error of the scribe.for] om. Cx.thynges, Cx.ywroȝt, γ.trouthe, α.; truthe, Cx.dryngke, γ.þeyȝ] om. Cx. and β.fordone, Cx.; fordo, γ.corrumped, γ.chaungide, β.he, Cx. and β.lykenesses, Cx.; in maner added after lyknes in γ.seen, Cx.bote, γ.þe] om. Cx.neyther the, Cx.is, Cx.is seen, Cx.betre, γ.staat, γ.moeuyng, Cx.sich, β.cryeng, Cx.man hys foys, γ.yn wyt, α.; in wytte, Cx.syth, Cx.and, Cx.God make þat our inwytte, Cx.meouable, γ.wytte, β. and Cx.; wyt, γ.and deme] om. Cx.than, β. γ. and Cx.wyttyour, γ.proufiteth, Cx.before, Cx.ypeyred, γ.is stedfast and, Cx.þan, from α. β. and Cx.; þat, MS.Eutropius [and Marianus].
THE peple of Rome made stryf as þough þey were mysbodemysledde by, Cx.defendours, Cx.aȝenes, γ.duke, Cx.Vultes bifore, Cx.pot, γ.cyte, Cx.Vultes, Cx.taken, Cx.destruye, γ.countre, Cx.vyf, γ.efte, Cx.cessed not, Cx.to] om. Cx.er, β.; ar, γ.; till, Cx.praieden, β.of] om. β. and Cx.Vegenses, β. γ. and Cx.bisegede, β.hul inserted in γ.Algyd, Cx.delyuerd, Cx.plough, Cx.; plowe, β.dictator, α. β. γ.; dictatour, Cx.swat, Cx.; swot, β.; swoot, γ.royall, Cx.; rial, β.Pompilia, β. γ. and Cx.in, α. β. γ. and Cx.was buryed quyck alive, Cx.Pyndarus, Cx.; Pindarus, γ.poetis, β.Trogus, libro 2o. After þe deth of Philistratus,Pisistratus, α. and Cx.by vyolence, Cx.by hir, Cx. and β.; by here, γ.maydes, Cx.; mayde, γ.named Espyas, Cx.; Hispias, β. and γ.and] om. Cx.huld, γ.be take, γ.be taken that had slayne, Cx.what men wust and wer assen|tyng, γ.and, α. β.knowledge the men that were as|sentyng to the mannes deth, Cx.al, γ.appelled all the Hispias the ty|rauntes frendes, Cx.woste and] om. Cx.consentynge to his broder deth, Cx.alyue, Cx. and γ.þat is] om. Cx.Espyas, Cx.exited, Cx.; excitede, β.aȝenes, γ.them of, Cx.Orosius, libro 2o. Þis Darius, after þat he hadde recoueredrekevered, α. γ; rekeurd, Cx.that rebelled ayenst hym, Cx.batayll and warre, Cx.aȝenes, γ.Schites, Cx.men of armes] om. α. and Cx.by sodayne reses and skar|mysshes, Cx.; reses and chekkis, β.in retorning he chastysed the Macedoynes, Cx.helped and were assistente to Iones, Cx.were, Cx.shiltrons, Cx.; sheltrons, β.; scholtroms, γ.of arwes, added in γ.bifore, Cx.on that one, Cx. and β.on that other, Cx. and β.Trogus, libro 2o. Þe Perses were ouercome and fliȝ to hirefledde to theyr, Cx.whuch, γ.dreynt, Cx.firste] om. Cx.; furste, γ.pryce, Cx.Cynegyrus, Cx.slaughters, Cx.fledde, Cx.; flyȝ, γ.laded, Cx.heelde, β.; a huld, γ.fort, γ.til it was smyten of . . ., Cx.and lost it, Cx.fort, γ.at þe laste] om. Cx.bote, Cx. and β.woode, Cx.Hipius, Cx.; Hispius, γ.alyue, Cx.Darius dyed . . . and lefte . . ."begeten, Cx.auaunced, Cx.; afansed, γ. This leaf of γ is greatly injured by fire.
ARTAXERSES, Darius his sone, was þe fiftefyfth, Cx.Perses, Cx.wan, γ.; wanne, Cx.Arysted, Cx.Grece, Cx.Iosephus, α. and Cx.Artarxerses, α. and Cx.seuenth, Cx.botiler, γ.Iherusalem, Cx.Trogus. Oon Damarachus was exiled out of Athene, and woneddwellyd, Cx.thexiling, Cx.wrote alle, Cx.waxed, Cx.sende him, Cx.pryffe, γ.pryuy messagier, Cx.aduysed, Cx.they sawe no wrytyng, Cx.fond, γ.; Leonydas sister fonde, Cx.conceyte, Cx.heo, β.shaued, Cx.seen and redde, Cx.; yrad, γ.of his owne kyngdom] om. Cx.behoued, Cx.Orosius, libro 2o.]to added in β.scars for hem to goo in, and the see semed skars for him to sayle in, Cx.not habyly, Cx.renne, Cx.Termophyles, Cx.fell, Cx.leyden, Cx.Valerius, libro 6o. Whanne þe grete route was i-gedred togidres, oon of þe Perses seide, "Þe Greessayde the Grekes, Cx.alayed, Cx.; alayde, β.kyþe, β.; kuyþe, γ.be, Cx.be, Cx.be, Cx.maye, Cx.reuled, γ.ne] om. α. and Cx.befelle, Cx.not rewled, Cx.wel i-sette] om. α. β. γ. and Cx.hundred.þe] om. α.them of Lacedomones, Cx.bigiled, βconnyng in batell, Cx.Valerius, libro 3o. In þat fiȝtinge oon of þe Greesone of the Grekes, Cx.þe] om. Cx.arowes and shotte, Cx.seyd, Cx.shold, Cx.despyte, Cx.; dispite, β.came, Cx.purpoos, Cx.for] om. Cx.befalleth, Cx.Trogus, libro 2o. At þe laste Leonida, kyng of Athene, comeAthenes came . . . ., Cx.parte, Cx.came, Cx.remenaunt by nyghte, Cx.chaced, Cx.oon] not in γ.skayled the hoost every fro other, Cx.bateylle on . . . . ., Cx.essaye his . . ., Cx.upon the see, Cx.beten and shad and skayled euery from other, Cx.hiled, β.hilled and be spradde, Cx.þe] om. Cx.and huge] om. Cx.; huyge, γ.disconfyte and for fere gladde to flee and unnethe escaped away in a fysshers bote, Cx.; boot from α. β. and γ.smyl, α.deed, β.of] om. α. β. γ. and Cx.historyes, Cx.Basilides] om. γ.geestis, β,; geestes, γ.Sophocles, α. β. γ. and Cx.þat] om. Cx.oune added in γ.accusiden, β.wodenesse, Cx.bifore the Iugges, Cx.theatere, α. γ.; theatre, Cx. and β.felle downe, Cx.Artabanus, Cx.steward purposed to be . . . ., Cx.aventyde, α.; euentyde, Cx.; euetyde, γ.þe kynges] om. Cx.þe toon, α.; that one, Cx.that, Cx. and β.Artabanus, Cx. et infra.hym] om. α. β. γ. and Cx.owne] om. γ.Vagabaxus, α. and Cx.gadred, Cx.made, Cx.bifore, Cx. et infra.þeyȝ a, γ.owne] om. Cx.haberion, β. γ. Cx., et infra.to to, Cx.bade, Cx.commanded, Cx.men to sle him, Cx.tresone, β.Marianus.]
ARTARXERSES þe seuenþe kyng of Pers heet Longimanuswas called Longimanus, Cx.moneþes, β.somme say that thystory . . ., Cx.Mardocheus befell . . . ., Cx.; bifil, β.; byful, γ.I trowe not, Cx.Hesdras, Cx.was] om. Cx.hous] om. α. and Cx.; γ. has hys.and] om. Cx.tournede fro Babyloyne, Cx.and yf, Cx.Dunwallo Moliuncius, Cx.Cornewayle, Cx.Englond, Cx.crowne, Cx.be called Molyuncius lawes, Cx.Molyuncius, Cx.of acord] om. Cx.Trinouantum, Cx.gafe priuelege, β. γ. and Cx.ledeþ, α. β. γ. and Cx.Petrus. Esdras, the writere, come dounof Babyloyn, added in γ.kyng hys lettres, γ.þe] om. Cx.mynistris, Cx.trybuyt, γ.pot, γ.putte other yn and other oute and chaunge . . ., Cx.punysshe, β. and Cx.; punsche, γ.rebelle, Cx.paynge of catalle, Cx.; paiyng of catel, β.; payng of catel, γ.vessayls, Cx.ywryte, γ.childer, Cx.hulles, γ.chastysed, Cx.childer, Cx.wyues, Cx.renewide, β.that the, Cx. and γ.; þat þe, β.ybarnd, γ.volumes, Cx.apayred, Cx.habbe, γ.strykes, α.; prikkes, Cx.; strickes, β.; strykkes, γ.lyghter to be writon, Cx.and to spekynge] om. Cx.to] om. Cx.telleþ, α. β. γ. and Cx.wrote before, Cx.bidders, β.; Cx. has bydders.lyft, γ.sydeward, α.; Cx. has syde.oon of hem] om. Cx.chees to be buryed, Cx.Scicilia that . . . ., Cx.Boece, Cx. and β.rooch, γ.Logyke, Cx.reules, γ.Aristotles, Cx.it to geder into art . . . ., Cx.historyes, Cx.before, Cx.thystoryes, Cx.and Titus Livius.
THE Romayns sentesende messagiers, Cx.This, Cx.þouȝ his, β.taken, Cx.; yfong, γ.þeos, γ.in folio, Cx.; ff., β. and γ.lib. added in γ.o, in þe glose. Ysidorus, libro 5o. Moyses ȝaf first lawe to þe Hebrewes, kyngkyng] om. Cx.Grekes, Cx.Lacedomones, Cx.hem] om. Cx.Grue, Cx.euyl, Cx.nouȝt] om. Cx.Cezar began . . ., Cx.forgendride, β.compyled til C . . ., Cx.; fort, γ.ordeygned, Cx.minor, α. β. γ. and Cx.Theodosius coode, Cx.after, Cx.hondred] om. Cx.versus, Cx.consuls cessed . . . ., Cx.; cee|side, β.; cessede, γ.thenne, Cx.in stude, γ.o, oon of þeseþeos, γ.Appius, Cx. and γ.ligge, β.; lygge, γ.grete desire and luste to enduce and meoue a knyghtes doughter to lygge by hir, Cx.chalenge hir . . ., Cx.he, α.; heo, γ.so Appius demed and jugged hir and hir owne . . ., Cx.hul, γ.Algid, α. and Cx.Edilis, α.; Edyles, Cx.; Ediles, β. γ.ypot, γ.; were put, Cx.stude, γ.Petrus, 186.]Neemia, γ.of] om. α. and Cx.butler, Cx.; botiler, γ.work, α. γ.; werke, Cx.resing and for slekkynge, Cx.; skekkynge, α.; resinge and shekking, β.; shekkyngs, γ.that other dele, Cx.wallis, Cx.fyre, Cx., et infra.put, γ.where, Cx.hid, Cx.aulter, Cx.; auter, γ.coles, Cx.fette, Cx.; and a fette, γ.on a fagotte, Cx.fyre, Cx.þanne, γ.wekes, Cx.twenty, Cx.byulde, Cx.unto Criste, Cx.unto the eyghten, Cx.Cezar, Cx.whuch, γ.wekes, Cx., et infra.from þe twentiþe] om. α. and Cx.shorted, Cx.acompte, Cx.wekys, Cx.ȝeres, α. and Cx.Trevisa. A ȝeer of the sonne is þe fulfol, γ.use nowe in Englond, Cx.in] om. Cx.moneþis, β.chaynge (bis), γ.dawes, γ.folle, γ.be, Cx.nombre of the wikes, Cx.; wekis, β.preoued, γ.fram, γ. (semper).twenty, Cx.sixth, Cx.Alysaunder, Cx.Grece, Cx. and β.dured, β.; durede, γ.dured unto Julius Cezars tyme, Cx.ȝere and] om. Cx.foure score and tweyne, α., β. γ., and Cx.xviij., Cx.was, Cx. and β.al þeos, γ.amounte unto the nombre of, Cx.þre, α., β., and γ.lxxv., Cx.Orosius, libro 3o. FortoTill, Cx.; Fort, γ.gret del, γ.apassed, β.haule, β.; hawelstones ful, γ.from Cx.beot, γ.veray stones, Cx.Petrus 188o. Esdras deide in good age and elde, and Neemyas tornede aȝen to Artarxerses þe kyng; but he tornede aȝenbote a turnde aȝe, γ.endynge, Cx.chastysed, Cx.; chastiside, β.trespaced, Cx.; trespasside, β.Beda de tem|pore. Hiderto þe ordrethordre, Cx.history, Cx.folowed, Cx.buþ, γ.of] om. Cx.consuls were . . ., Cx.buþ ymad, γ.Ypocras in this tyme flouryssh|ed, Cx.Ysidorus, libro 4o. Appollo fond first art of fisikphisike, Cx., et infra; phisyk, γ.Grekes, Cx., ut semper; Gre|kis, β.made it moore, Cx.vyf, γ.þes, γ.kyng of Pers] om. Cx.ylande, Cx.the twey first artes were untrusty, that is to say, Methodyca, Cx.vntrysti, γ.noþer] om. Cx.of, Cx.age, Cx.evel, α. and β.; euyl, Cx.; euel, γ.tellynges, Cx.axeseþ, α.a say, α.; essay, Cx.alowide, β.appreued, Cx.; alowed and ap|preoued, γ.
AFTER þis Artarxerses [Artarxerses]eyght, Cx.þat heet] om. Cx.Perses, Cx.Gaufridus et Alfridus. In his tyme Belinus, MolimiciusMoliuncius sone . . . . ., Cx.Brytayn, Cx. and γ.huld, γ.self, α. and Cx.; silf, β.; sylf, γ.that, Cx. and β.Humbre, Cx.Brennius, γ., et infra.hy, γ.wel, added in γ.fyf, γ.ynowe, Cx.; wel inow] om. γ.and this Belinus overcome hym and he fledde, Cx.duc Alebrog, Cx.; duk of A., γ.lorship, Cx.ducherye, α. and β.; duchery, γ.; ducherie, Cx.Brytayn, Cx. and β.Freynsch, γ.werry, γ.bote har, γ.old, Cx.; fol old, γ.hure, γ.here, γ.that they had sowked, Cx.heo, β. and γ.þeos, γ.subgett, Cx.besieged, Cx.used tyrannies, Cx; tyraundys, γ.Scicilia, Cx. and β.ymad, γ.Venietans, α., β., and γ.; Ve|netans, Cx.Falystes, Cx.pot, γ.envye surmysyng upon hym that he had not egaly departed the prayes . . . ., Cx.hy, γ.Titus. Whanne þe Romayns bysegede þe VigensVegetans, Cx.; Vegetis, β.; Vegens, γ.many unhappes, Cx.myned on that one, Cx.eorþe, γ.whoch, γ.under eorþe] om. Cx. The in|sertion is from α., β., and γ.asaut, γ.on, Cx.sawe that they yelded themself, Cx.; hy ȝulde ham sylf, γ.people, γ.callyd to juggement, Cx.wylfolych, γ.
ARTARXERSES, þe sone of Darius and of Parasitides, hadde a surname Mennon,Menuon, Cx.clepiden, β.Inde, Cx.Susis, Cx., β., and γ., et infra.yclepud, γ.was called Egbatanis, Cx.chyef, Cx.for, α., β., γ., and Cx.semede made, Cx.that is to say, Cx., which makes no sense.Perses, Cx.Perchea were wonte, Cx.þes, γ.otherwyse callyd, Cx.in, α., β., and Cx.; yn, γ.palais, Cx.; palys, γ., et infra.thistory, Cx.pyllers of that palays, Cx.seluer, γ., et infra.keueryng like, Cx.þe] om. γ.after, Cx.dawes, γ.orchard, β., γ., and Cx.seluer, Cx.clustres, Cx.; clostres, γ.yn stude of grapes, added in γ.pauilons, Cx.ypiȝte, β.marbre, γ.evory, α. and γ.; ivory, Cx.Vasty, Cx. and γ.; Vasti, β.eyen, Cx.; yȝene, γ.skylles, Cx.yse, γ.temptacioun, α.; temptacion, Cx. and γ.syȝ, γ.shrewes oft mysdo and deden euyl . . . . ., Cx.diden, β.; do, γ.myȝte he, α.; myghte, Cx.Tullius, epistola 995.wonte to say, Cx.; wond to segge, γ.noyes, Cx.ben, Cx.; buþ, γ.ich, γ.sayd, Cx.; quaþ, γ.Polichronicon, libro 7o. Socrates þe philosofre, four score ȝere olde and nyntene, deyde, anddeyde and] om. Cx.dranke poyson with stydfast, Cx.; stedfast, β.and dyed at the end of the sentence, not in the middle.for, Cx.thistory callyd tripertita, Cx.Selencus, Cx.; Seleucus, β. and γ.Grece, Cx.lawer, α. and Cx.; laweȝer, γ.Suche, Cx.; Siche, β.Ipocras, Cx. and γ.maystrer, Cx.at, α., β., γ., and Cx.Polichronicon, libro 4o, capitulo 6o. Socrates was i-demedreputed, Cx.wiþsigginge, β.; wiþsiggyng, γ.Grekes, Cx.acompted before, Cx.oute] om. γ.Tuscul qō, Cx.unto, Cx.; into eorþe, γ.stowide, β.stuffed cytees with philosophie, Cx.Augustinus de Civitate, libro 8o, capitulo 14o. A spiritspyryte, Cx.di, Cx.Socratis, α., β., and γ.seiþ] om. Cx.forbeode, γ.doo thynge not spedeful, Cx.a dremes, Cx.and swevenes] om. Cx.hyt, γ.huyreþ, γ.folowed thoffyce, Cx.foys, γ.comforted, Cx.clere, Cx.Tullius de divinatione, libro primo. We haveþhabbeþ yleurned, γ.haue lerned, Cx.yclepud, γ.neuer moeued hym . . ., Cx.a pot not on him, γ.and . . . schulde] not in Cx., an error of the scribe.chees to dye . . ., Cx.Valerius, libro primo, capi|tulo 7o. Socrates in his olde age usede harpynge and gleearmonye, Cx.; gle, γ.use, α., β., γ., and Cx.leurne, γ., et infra.and and reads he.arte, β., γ., and Cx.þat] om. Cx.meedful, α.; nedeful, β., fol neodfol, γ. Cx. reads: That art is right nedeful, sayde he. And so he. . .shield, Cx.poure, Cx.though he was, Cx.coude, Cx.comune, Cx.; comyn, β. and γ.Jeronimus, Cx. and γ.a.a, α. and Cx.Valerius, libro 8o. Socrates schamed nouȝt to take a reeda rehed, Cx. and β.; a reod, γ.Polichronicon, libro 8. Hit is homeliche [and necessary]a wyseman otherwhile to pley, not to . . ., Cx.vertuwes, γ.þe inserted in γ.to doo vertues of vertues, Cx.parfyt, γ.the] om. Cx.lyke god, Cx.temprure, Cx. and β.; temprer, γ.agell, Cx.o, þat wel nyhneiȝ, β.lyues, Cx.helth, Cx.moreyne, Cx.destruyde, γ.o, seiþ þat Socrates seide þat meny men wil levewolde lyue, Cx.; wol lybbe, γ.dryngke, γ., et infra.he, Cx.and þat] om. Cx.suffrens, γ.o de ira, seiþ þat Socrates walkede in þe citee andwalkede . . . and] om. γ.euyl smyten upon, Cx.answherede, γ., et infra.ellys, Cx.hyt, γ.wyteþ, α.; witeþ, β.; a weteþ, γ.; wytte, Cx.shold, Cx.; schul, β.salettes. . ., Cx.; basnettis, β.; basnetes, γ.spytte, Cx.a dispuytede, γ.wreþþe, α., β., and γ.; wrath, Cx.whether, Cx. and γ.ich, β. and γ.ete, α.; bete, Cx.ich, β. and γ.lyght of hir body as who sayth comyne. . ., Cx.horelinges, Cx.; horlingis, β.grutchyng, Cx.; gruchching, γ.a, seiþ þat Socrates was wel nyghneiȝ, β.owther in tyrannyse, Cx.; ty|raundys, γ.harder, Cx. and β.Jeronimus contra Jonium, Cx.shrewde, Cx.for hym here, and omit for Socrates at the end.Zantippa, Cx.; Zantipes, β. and γ.on a tyme he. . ., Cx.he] om. α.; Socrates, γ.bycause, Cx.fowle, Cx.with heery shulders, Cx.thyes, Cx.torneden, β.chidden, β.chidden him alto scarthes by one assent, Cx.dispytous, Cx.theyr pisse of foure nyghtes pis|synge out of a soler. . . ., Cx.soler, α., β., and γ.answherede and seyde, γ.ellys, Cx.heede, Cx.; heed, γ.ich, β.woste, α.; ich wusted, γ.; wyste, Cx.rayne, Cx.; ryne, γ.after, γ.Agellius,Agellus, Cx.libro 2o, et Polichronicon, libro primo.o, α., β., γ., and Cx.chastide, β.chastysed not, Cx.Zantippa, Cx.; Zantipes, β. and γ.or els why he pute hir not away from hyme and he sayde, Cx.a dude, γ.for] om. Cx.habbe, γ.customme, Cx.; costum, γ.Seneca de ira, libro 3o. Token of wreþþewrath, Cx.and fewe wordes, Cx.; litel, β.trysty, γ.counseylle, Cx., et infra; con|sail, γ.o, seiþ þat a ȝong man axede counsaile of Socrates wherewheþer, α., γ., and Cx.Whether so thou do of thes tweyn seith he . . ., Cx.aþinke, α.; aþenkke, γ.weddest, α.this, Cx.; þeos, γ., et infra.desauauntages, γ.no child, Cx.heyr, Cx.wedde, Cx.doyng, Cx. and γ.damme, γ.unsekernesse, Cx.childers, Cx.And, Cx.a, et Polichronicon, libro 7o, oon axede of Socrates why pilgremages stood hym to no profit?prouffyte, Cx.sayth, Cx.; quaþ, γ.profyteth, Cx.; profitiþ, β.nuwe, γ.must, Cx.; mot, β. and γ.els, Cx.o, capitulo 6o, oon axede of hym, who schulde gete hym best namefame, α., β., γ., and Cx.sayd, Cx.; quaþ, γ.lyte, α. and γ.; lytel, Cx.o. Plato his scoleres hadde envie to Plato, [in Socrates his tyme,scole, β. and γ.in Socrates scole.houȝ a, γ.escape, Cx.; ascape, β.sayd, Cx.; quaþ, γ.haue] om. Cx.to] om. Cx.o, capitulo xiiijo. Þisþes, γ.and] om. Cx.stalworthynesse] om. Cx.temprure, Cx.of good lyuung and of þewes and delede hyt in foure vertues, redynes, ryȝtwysnes, stalworþnes, and temprure.Augustinus de Civitate Dei, libro 8o. Þis Socrates tornede first all manere [of]good maners, Cx.þewis, β.; þewes, γ.stalworþynesse and temperure] om. α., β., γ., and Cx.þat for, α. and Cx.of greef of hardnesse, Cx.nuy of hardnes, γ.maner, Cx.whoche, γ.þe] om. Cx.þe bettre and] om. γ.likynge, α. and β.; lykynge, Cx. and γ.and be borne, Cx.strengthe, Cx. and γ.schulen. β.þe] om. Cx.it, Cx.alyve, α., γ., and Cx.disputed, Cx.; despuytede, γ.wyse, Cx.chyef, Cx.a, spekeþ of þe cause and manere of þisþis] om. Cx.; þes, γ.sayd he was more lyef, Cx.swerye, α. and γ., et infra.it was leyde ayenst, Cx.þat] om. Cx.appeyred childer, Cx.where he shold ete venym called fermacum, Cx.Augustinus de vera religione, capitulo primo. Socrates was hardyerhardur, γ.swerye, α.þat] om. α., γ., and Cx.ordeyned, Cx.ony crafty mannes werkes, Cx. and β.; eny craftesmen workes, γ.workes, α.; workis, β.apon, γ.Boece,Boece de disciplina, Cx.o, seiþ þat oon of Socrates his disciples accused hym for he hadde i-made a book of oon God, and nouȝt of meny goddes; þerfore he was compelled to drinkedryngke, γ., et infra.vememys, γ.he] om. α., β., γ., and Cx.þe] om. Cx. and β.seiþ, γ.punysshed, Cx.; punyschide, β.of] om. α. γ.; of hym, om. Cx.theyr, Cx.o, [seyth]maye, Cx.; bote a mowe, γ.maye, Cx.; bote a mowe, γ.Than, Cx.; þanne, β.began, Cx.bifore, Cx.but] om. Cx.Eutropius et Gaufridus.
FRENSCHE men, þat hatte Senones, by ledynge of Brennius overcome þe Romayns, enlevene myle from Rome, at þeatte, γ., ut passim.chaside, β.Capitoyl, Cx. and γ.Titus Livius. Þere þe Frensche men come yn by nyȝte by a wey under erþeeorþe, γ.slepte, Cx.aslepe, α. and γ.were] om. Cx.cryyng, γ.Jun, α. and β.; Junii, Cx., et infra similiter. The words are only once in γ.pot, γ.halewide, β.hy, γ.þat, α., β., γ., and Cx.monet, γ.hy, γ.hem] om. α.cloþede ham and] added in γ.ryally, Cx.sete, α. and γ.; sate, Cx.theyr howses, Cx.; here oune, γ.ryall, Cx.wente þat hy were godes þat buþ yclepud, γ.and . . . bakward] om. γ.Trevisa. God genius is to menyngesay, Cx.lyues, Cx.volweþ, γ.thistory, Cx. Here γ. inserts— þe Frensch men sparede ham and wente bakward.called Papirius, Cx.on, α. and γ.on, α., γ., and Cx.receyued, Cx.; fong, γ.theyr way, Cx.ypot, γ.pursued, Cx.þe] om. Cx. and γ.this, Cx.besieged, Cx.; bisegide, β.capitayne of hem . . ., Cx.þe and prints childer.forto, α., γ., and Cx.yave, Cx.capitains, Cx.behynde, Cx.the childer, Cx.; þe chyldern, γ.for, Cx.courtoys, Cx.; corteys, γ.yȝolde, γ.Trogus, libro 24o. Þre [honderd]honderderd; C. is added in β.destroyed, Cx.; destruyeþ, β. and γ.brent, Cx.spoylled, Cx.; spoyleþ, γ.Pannonia, γ.Paulus, libro 2o.]tastide, β.ymeoued, γ.ledar of ham, γ.an, Cx.Grekes, Cx. et infra; Grekis, β.essayed, Cx.; hy asayde, γ.felde, γ.fol, γ.yclepud, γ.after, Cx.Melane, Cx. and γ.to Frauns, α. and β.; to Fraunce, Cx.on this syde, Cx.Trevisa. Burgoyn is in þat contray þat hatte Gallia Senonensis. Polichronicon, libro 6o, capitulo 10o. GallyGalli, Cx. and γ.hy, γ.Cene, Cx.sekelew, Cx.; sekelewe, β.; syklew, γ.heordes, Cx. and β; hurdes, γ.ȝit, α.; yet, Cx.; ȝitt, β.they acorde, Cx.; whoche hy acordeþ, γ.though, Cx.; þey, γ.countray, Cx.; contray, γ.dwelle, Cx.Gaufridus. BelliusBellinus, α.; Belinus, Cx. and γ.þat] om. α., β., γ., and Cx.repayred, Cx.whoche, γ.apon, γ.nyȝ, γ.nygh Seuarne, Cx.Belins gate, Cx.callen, Cx.schortliche] om. Cx.apon, γ.Temyse, Cx.; Temse, γ.were after body. Evidently an error.ybarnd, γ.highe wayes, Cx.Trogus, libro 24o. Eft Bren|nius tornede aȝen out of þe est contrayes, and eft overcome þe Macedons and here duke Sosten, and spoyled goddes and temples, and seide meriliche,myrilich, β.; myrylych, γ.must, Cx.rychesse, Cx.spoylled, Cx.hul, γ.Pernasus, Cx.Polichronicon, libro 6o. Þereþar, γ.sodaynly, Cx.eorþe, γ.shake, Cx.hul, γ.haulstones, β.; hawelstones, γ.that, Cx.enduyre, γ.though, Cx.destruye, β. and γ.that spirites, Cx.eir, β.; aer, γ.may, Cx.of] om. β. and Cx.haveþ, β.nuye, γ.ham, γ.Eutropius.
OFFYSoffyce, β.; office, Cx.buþ, γ. ut semper.instude, γ. et infra.cheualrye, Cx.profyȝt, α.; profit, β.; profyt, γ.; prouffyte, Cx.tencreace, Cx.duyrede, γ.prospered, Cx.Iosephus, Cx.o, seiþ þat Diogenes was Anaximenes his disciple.bote Austyn de civitate, lib. 8o, seiþ þat a was Anaxa|goras hys disciple.in] om. Cx.his disciple] om. Cx.y, β.telliþ, β.; seyne, Cx.ȝif] om. γ.many, Cx.many, Cx.Ieronimus contra Iovinianum. Dyogenes usede a double mantel for colde, and hadde a scrippe instede of his celerer,celer, Cx.leny, β.; lenye, α. and γ.lene to, Cx.dwellyd, Cx.þe] om. β. and Cx.eueryche, β.; yche, Cx.many, Cx.punysshed, Cx.tonne, Cx. et infra.ȝet, α.; yet, Cx.þuderward, γ.Valerius, libro 4o, capitulo 3o. Alisaundre Macedo come to hym sittinge so inso in] on, γ.trone, β.Ich, γ.he] om. β.; sayd this, Cx.wost, γ.me] om. γ. and Cx.thereof, γ. and Cx.he] om. α.; β., γ., and Cx. have that Alysaunder.lyȝtlokur potte, γ.; lyghtlyer, Cx.staat of vertu, γ.o, de Beneficiis, seiþ þat Dyogenes was myȝtiere and richeremyȝtyur and rychcher, γ.fange, β.nouȝt fonge, α.; not receyue, Cx.þanne, β.; thenne, Cx.bynyme, β. and γ.take from Dyogenes right nought, Cx.Seneca, Epistola 94a et Ieronimus 9o.Ieronimus contra . . . . Here is an omission of the next word in β. and Cx.treo, β.dryngke, γ.sawe, Cx.pawme, β.; paume, γ.; pawne, Cx. et infra.braake, Cx.bere superflue fardels . . . Cx.wyste, Cx.drang, γ.nevere abated, α.; neuer abated, β. and Cx.reddre of his þouȝt, β.; noþer redyur of his, γ.; neyther his thought, Cx.evere] om. Cx.byful, γ.his] om. Cx.semlaunt, γ.he thought neuer of disease, Cx.and sayde, Cx.of, Cx.shewide, β.was, γ. adds ryȝtfol.shadow, Cx.Y, β. passim; y, γ.go ye hens and cesse, Cx.essaye, Cx.ȝef ich, γ.ich, β.of] om α., β., and Cx.leyde downe, Cx.and, α.; and schewede, β.; and schowede noȝt onlych, γ.; and shewed, Cx.potte, γ.ouer the Feure, Cx.in, β. and Cx.; on, γ.of, α., β., and Cx.of þe deþ.Valerius, libro 4o, capitulo 3o. Diogenes wisshewische, β.; wysch, γ.weded wortes upon a tyme, Cx.woldest flatrye, β. and γ.; use flatery, Cx.þeos, γ. et infra.thou ne shulde nede to wede wortes, Cx.answherede, γ.and seide] om. Cx.ȝif] þey, γ.flatrie, β.þou . . . good] om. α., β., γ., and Cx.dispuytede, γ.on, Cx.wrath, Cx.eþer, β.Seneca, de Ira, libro 3o. Diogenes pletedpledide, β.spetted, Cx.fat spotel, β. and γ.; ropy spotel, Cx.sigge, γ.siggiþ, β.; hy alle buþ bygyled þat siggeþ þat þou, γ.Polichronicon, libro octavo. Oon byheldebyhuld, α. and γ.; behilde, Cx.hoorlynges, α.; Cx. has right wanton gygly eyen.wherfor, Cx.anon] om. Cx.beten the man, Cx.for after as.sayde, Cx.ich, γ. bis.ich, γ. bis.refreigne, Cx.o, Satira prima, writeþ þat Diogenes wolde wepeweope, γ.oponlych, γ.demede þat al þat he siȝ, γ.; demed al that he sawe, Cx.huld, γ.nycety and foly, γ.; nyesty and fooly, Cx.In libro de dictis phi|losophorum. Oon þat was foulest of all men schewede his hous to Dyogenes; þe hous was wonderliche [real and]wonderly plesaunt and welbe|sene, Cx.y syȝ, γ.for I saw noo soo foule place in his hows, as his face, Cx.; as ys hys aune face, γ.it was axed hym, Cx.somtyme] om. Cx.sayd he, berded is unsemely syght, Cx.also] om. Cx.one sayde to hym, Cx.doute, β.quaþ, γ. semper.yseyd, γ. et infra.openly knowen that thou hast that thynge sayde, Cx.Trevisa. Hit is wonder þat Diogenes þat before used.lewide sofistrie, β.; sophistry, Cx.warned, Cx.and . . . lesynges] om. Cx.that a man speke euil of hym, and reherce what euyl was sayd, Cx.sayde, Cx.on, α., β., and γ.Seint Iohn seiþ] om. Cx.on, α., β., and γ.dispiside, β.þan, α. and Cx., correctly; þanne, β.thystory, Cx.dispisiden, β.mot, β. and γ.; muste, Cx.spekars, γ.hy, γ.; it, Cx.he is right good that is of hem myssayde, Cx.Tullius, libro primo de Tusculanis orationibus.de Tusculis questione, Cx.veld oþer aþon an hul, γ.eeten, β,; yȝete, γ.lay, β.; leggeþ, γ.may, β. and Cx.ham, γ.sayd, Cx.for, Cx.sayd, Cx.
DENYS, þe tyraunt, king of Sicil, dieþ,Scicele, dyed, Cx.ȝonger, β. and γ.toke, Cx.Valerius, libro 4o. Amon and Phiceas were tweie frendes, and Denys wolde nedes slee oon of hem,tham, γ.on of tham, γ.first] om. Cx.þe, γ. inserts in.dispose his, Cx.cataylle, Cx.felouȝ, γ.and to wedde] om. Cx.that, β. and Cx.unwys, γ.pledge, Cx.þat, α., β., and Cx.atte houre, Cx.might, Cx.Tullius de Tusculanis orationibus.qo, Cx.praysed, Cx.riches, Cx.þere] om. Cx.Wolt, β. and γ.Wiltow, saide Denys, essay, Cx.rialiche, β.and a ryche table rychely besene, Cx.and] om. Cx.bade hang, Cx.heede, Cx.hoorheer, γ.heedward, β.; heedewarde, Cx.to] of, γ.þat he toke heede to alweye; after swerd, γ. adds þat a tok hede to.alwey] om. Cx.Valerius, libro 6o. Whanne alle men Syracusanes desired and prayed þe deth of Denys þe tyraunt for his cruelte,cruwelte, β. and γ.widue, β.; wedewe, γ.; wydue, Cx.elde, β. and γ.elde to god prayed for, Cx.hele, β.; helth, Cx.wyst, Cx.wiþoute his disservynge] om. Cx.moeued soo to pray, Cx.ich, γ.seyd, Cx.heo, γ.wel] om. Cx.heelde, β. semper; huld, γ.þan, not in Cx.art] om. Cx.; ert, γ.thy, Cx.helthe, Cx.Tullius de Officiis, libro 2o. Denys, þe kyng, usede noonno, Cx.dradde þe barbores rasours, β.barbour his rasoures ful sore, α. and Cx.; a dradde the barbour hys rasors fol sore, γ.berdher, γ.wiþ a fuyry coole, β.; the heer of his beerde with fyre, Cx.þes, γ.on, Cx.þere and has next where.that were besyde him, Cx.hond, β.; ryng of þe ymage hys hond, γ.oute of an ymages hande of Mercurye, Cx.seen, β.bynyme, γ.I take no thynge from him, Cx.to] om. α.; it to] om. Cx. and β.Aristotles, Cx.eyȝteteþe, γ.lurnede, γ.Poli|cronicon, libro quinto. Furius Camillus, kingduc, γ. and Cx.; Canillus duke, β.and be|fore is.biforehond is made. . ., β.; is maad muynde, γ.; deyed, before is made mynde, Cx.Gaufridus et Alfridus. Aboute þat tyme, Gurguncius, kyng of Britouns, þat was Belyn his sone, come out of DenmarchDenemarche, Cx.wurnede, γ.; warned, Cx.Ilandes Orchades, Cx.fol. γ.and inhabyte, Cx.
TTHUSOthus, α., γ., and Cx. The illu|minator has by mistake put T as the initial letter in MS.fyf, γ.this, Cx.among them, Cx.eorþe, γ.opened, Cx.chyne, β.; chene, γ. et infra; chynne, Cx.abode the buryenge of a, Cx.Cursius, Cx.clyffe, Cx.clyf, Cx.destriede Itali, β.; destruyde Itali, γ.o, β.byze, α; byȝe, β., et infra; by, γ., et infra; byce, Cx.from, Cx.dude, γ.he] om. γ. and Cx.to] om. Cx.Torquatus, Cx.byze, α.; byse, Cx.byze, α.; byse, Cx.in] a, β., and γ.Augustinus, Cx.o, capitulo 18o, seiþ þat þis Tor|quatus slouȝ his owne sone þat hadde i-fouȝt for þe con|tray, and i-wonnewonnen, β.that, β. and Cx.despyt of þe emper, γ.; empyre, Cx.Philip, Cx.holden, β.Demostenes, Cx., ut passim.avoket, α., β., and γ.; advocate, Cx.and] om. Cx.prospered, Cx.on, Cx.wel] om. Cx.Layes, Cx.an yefte, Cx.heo, β. and γ.clepeth, Cx.so was ymeoved to, γ.was gretely moeued in lust, Cx.bye so dere, β.; bygge so deore . . . forþenkke, γ.; bye so dyer and after be, Cx.Polichronicon, libro 6o. Þisþes, γ.þousond panes, γ., et infra; pens of ours, Cx.þat after talentum.pens of ours, Cx.Trogus and Valerius, libro 8o. De|moscenes, þe advoket,avocet, β.; advocate, Cx.bysy to pot, γ.oponlych, γ.; cleere, Cx.what he wolde mene] om. Cx.though, Cx.voyx, Cx.spedfol, γ., et infra.can, β.to the knouleche of that he can nought, Cx.of] om. Cx.the, Cx.Agellus. Messagers of þe Moloses come to Athene, and þe firste day of pleeple, γ.pledide, β.on the morow, Cx.squynancy, α.; squinacye, β.; squynanci, γ.; squynacy, Cx., et infra.aȝenes, γ. semper.Moloses, β. and Cx.of the peple] om. Cx.selvery, γ.him eileþ, α; him ailiþ, β.; hym eyleþ, γ.; hym ayleth, Cx.And, Cx.acompted, Cx.Aristodimus, Cx.take, β.; taken, Cx.sayd, Cx.ich, β. and γ.sayd, Cx.pes, γ.Valerius, libro 7o. Tweie men hadde i-take a womman money forto kepe,taken money to a woman to kepe, Cx.ordeyne, α.to neyther of hem, Cx.sylf, γ.after, Cx.bygylede, γ.persuwed, γ.; pursued, Cx.grevouslych, γ.forþ after come.þat] om. α. and Cx.to be kept, Cx.and no raþer, β.and no rather. And for . . . ., Cx.hy, γ.boþe] om. Cx.Ysidorus, libro primo, capitulo 31o. Phelip þe king,Kyng Philip, Cx.bisegide, β.cyte Athenes, Cx.deliuer, Cx.bysege, α. and γ.; bisege, β.; besiege, Cx.schephurdes, γ., et infra.proferd frendship to shepperdes on this, Cx.that, Cx.for your dogges, sayd they, make all the varyaunce bytwyx you and us. Whereupon the shepherdes delyuered, Cx.wolues, β. and Cx.deuowred, Cx.har, γ.distrye, β.þis, Cx.whan the cite, α.; whanne þe cite lacked, β.; whan þe cyte lakkede wys men and consayl, γ.; yf it lacked wyse men of counsayle, Cx.at] in, β.Siracusa, α., β., γ., and Cx.whoche, γ.axed, Cx.singler, Cx.hy, γ.reven, γ.; rauen, Cx.saat apon, γ.eȝene, γ.; eyen, Cx.Frensshman, Cx.y-clepud, γ., et infra.revon, γ.; rauen, Cx.in] a, β. and γ.þat, α., β., and Cx.Polichronicon, libro 7o.
PLATO, þe philosofre, deyde whan he hadde i-lyved four skore ȝere and ten in so grete reverence þat me dowtededoubted, Cx.acompted, Cx.disciplis, β.brode brest, Cx.browis, β.; brouwes, γ.is, β. and γ.; in, Cx.in] a, β. and γ.in] an, γ.Athenes, Cx.Tullius de di, libro
primo, capitulo 16o. While Plato was a child, and lay in his cradel and sleep,slepte, Cx.sate, β.sweetnesse of eloquence, Cx.Valerius, libro primo, capitulo 4o].demed, Cx.knees, β. and Cx.; knen, γ.Policronicon, libro 8o. Þisþes, γ.furste, γ.peynture, β. and γ.; picture, Cx.trust, Cx.enditynge, β.; endytyng, γ. and Cx.teelingis, β.; telyngs, γ.; tel|yngys, Cx.as] þat γ.usiþ, β.become, Cx.Valerius, libro 8o, [cap. 7o].deyede, β.turnde, γ.for here connynge, Cx.geometrie, β., geometry, γ.leorne, γ.Policronicon, libro 7o. And meny troweþtrowiþ, β.; wene, Cx.þare, γ.þacountyng, γ.; acompting, Cx.o de Civitate, capitulo 11o, seþ þat Plato was i-bore aboute an hon dredhundride, β.þe kynges, α.in tyme of the king Tholomeus, Cx.þar, γ.pylgremage, γ.se, β.; y-seo, γ.bifore, β. and Cx.Greu, γ.; translate into Grue, Cx.o [capitulo 20],seiþ] om. α., β., and Cx.that . . . prophetes] om. Cx.unto, Cx.menyng, γ.; say, Cx.thapostle sayd, Cx.vanyschiden, β.; vanysshed, Cx.Ich, γ.red, β.trowt but that it is wreton in, Cx.departed from, Cx.huld, γ.goon, β.Iudes, α., β., and Cx.Calett, γ.; but that the werre of Caldee, Cx.Ceno and Permenydes, Cx.he] om. α.he abood] a bood, γ.har, γ.remeveþ, γ.; remoeued this thre connyngys into Scicilia, Cx.moeued, Cx.thystory, Cx.the, Cx.on] in, β.in þe hul, γ.of the montayne Ethna, Cx.seyn, β.; seggeþ, γ.Ciracusa, Cx.þar, γ.; theyr, Cx.seyn, β.; seggeþ, γ.; sayd, Cx.geten, β.trade, β. and Cx.wel besene, Cx.chees, β. and Cx.eorþe, γ.dredful] om. γ.veele, γ.hy scholde leurne, γ.Macrobius, libro 3o. Þis Plato seide [that]buþ, γ.hit, β.; α, γ.; it, Cx.he] not in Cx.; α, γ.dispisiþ, β.alle] om. Cx.deþ] om. Cx.Seil,Seneca, α., γ., and Cx.de Ira, libro 3o. Plato was ones wrooþ wiþ his servaunt, and heet hym doo of his kirtel,curtel, γ.; kertill, Cx.schuldris, β.baar, γ.wiþ] om. β. and Cx.wiþhuld, γ.stod, γ.þey] om. Cx.; þouȝ, in β.punysshe, Cx.punysshed, Cx.neodeþ, γ.for I am . . . servaunte. It] om. Cx.It] om. α.man] servaunt, β. and γ.saide, Cx.mayster, γ.þei, β.; α, γ.; they, Cx.Policronicon, libro 7o, seiþ þat men telleþ þat Plato deyde for schame, for he myȝte nouȝt assoillecoude not assayle, Cx.Y, γ.wel] om. β., γ., and Cx.þese, α. and β.; þeos, γ.; thes, Cx.brede of brestes, α., β., and γ.; breede of brestes, Cx.Polycronicon, libro 2o. Philosofres þat were i-clepedy-clepud, γ., et infra.of, Cx.his] om. Cx.feynede, α. and β.; feyned, Cx.þey þat, α.; þouȝ þat, β.; þt þeyȝ, γ.telle, α.ȝuld, γ.wylfolych, γ.folfuld, γ.Valerius, libro 9o, capitulo 13o. Homerus for he myȝte nouȝt assoille þe questioun deide for schame and forfor] om. Cx.apon, γ.seiþ] om. β. and Cx.walkid, β.clif, β.; se clyf, γ.; clyf, Cx.byhuld, γ.saw hym and lough, Cx.habbe, γ.sayde, Cx.habbeþ, γ., et infra.i-loused, β.; yloused har, γ.sleep, α.bisye, β.; bysy, γ.Valerius, libro 4o. Plato herde telle þat his disciple Zenocrates hadde i-spoke moche
gretely, Cx.this complaynte, Cx.credence, Cx.to be yeuen feyth unto, sayth, Cx.hym, Cx.Ich, γ.yhurd, γ.þt after seide.siche, β., passim.bote, γ., ut semper.it, Cx.tales, α. and Cx.Valerius, libro 7o. After Plato in his stede come his suster sone, Pseusippus, and after hym Zenocrates, Plato his scoler þat he loved wel, in þe scole þat heet Achademia, and þerfore þey þat come after hem, Plotinus,Politinus, Cx.affer, α., β., γ., and Cx.that, Cx.hy, γ.Valerius, libro 10o. Of þis Zenocrates it is i-rad þat a faire horehoure, γ.; redde that a faire comyn woman, Cx.fang, β.; receyued, Cx.lie, Cx.at, Cx.heo, β.heore, γ.heo, β., et infra.in noon manner wise, and read not.Ieronimus contra Iovinianum. Zenocrates lefte to þe men of AtheneAthenes, Cx.also in the dictes, Cx.y-wryte, γ.siȝ, β.; syȝ, γ.hongoyng, γ.sawe one ladde to be hanged and lough, Cx.þeoves, γ.punysshe, Cx.Valerius, libro 6o in fine. Also oon Polemo,Pollemo and Pollemius, Cx.Pollemo and Pollemius, Cx.Athenes, Cx.fol, γ.on, Cx.siȝ, β.; sawe, Cx.drongke, γ.þe] om. α., γ., and Cx.rialich, β.; realych, γ.enoynted with oynementes and aparaild, Cx.and] om. Cx.matyre, γ.; matier, Cx.]turnde, γ.of] om. Cx.drouȝ, α.; drough, Cx.huld, γ.fowle boller and goloton, Cx.maad, γ.Policronicon, libro 7o, and Augustinus de Civitate Dei, libro 9o, capitulo undecimo.
AFTER Plato come Aristotil, a noble man of fame and of loore, and of greet wit, noþeles nouȝt so noble [a]spekar, γ.offys, γ.; thoffyce, Cx.wiþsegge, γ.sentens, γ.; mannes sentences, CxParipatetica, Cx.despuyte, γ.specialliche] om. Cx.broȝte, γ.þes is y-clepud, γ.price, Cx.swyþer, α. and Cx.; swiper, β.; swepour, γ.sleiȝþes, β.; sleygþes, γ.; sleyghtes, Cx.Alexander de Natura. Aristotle eyȝtene ȝere oldeeȝtene ȝere old, α. and Cx.speche, Cx.Comentes Homeris, Cx.dyte, Cx.bitoke, β.; whoche he bytok, γ.tretice of rethorique, Cx.eyȝtetene, γ.leornede, γ.Socrates, β., γ., and Cx.till Plato dyed, Cx.sygge, γ.absente, Cx.audience, β. and Cx.lyved, β.yn al, γ.distruyed, β.; destruyed, γ.habbeþ, γ.that feste is called Aristotileya, Cx.this, Cx.clepe it, Cx.Perses, Cx.bysy, γ.an historye, Cx.etyk, γ.parfyt, Cx.worldliche riches, β.fifte, α.; fifþe, β.; fyfth, Cx.Trevisa. In libris de Celo et Mundo and [in]clepuþ þe wolkon, γ.nothing, Cx.problemes, Cx., et infra.kuynde, γ.Trevisa. A problem is a questioun þat is harde to assoille, and also an hard arydelsredels, β. and Cx.; aredels, γ.is seen, Cx.or, Cx.or otherwyse shapen, Cx.thistorye, Cx.justifye, β.Grece, β. and Cx.Philip, Cx.Grekes, β. and Cx.owne] om. α., β., and Cx.Pitharda, α., β., and Cx.; Pi|tarda, γ.fol, γ.whoche, γ.de nupciis, β., γ., and Cx.þousond, γ.to folowe truth, Cx.oponlych, γ.openly knowen, Cx.o. Metaphysicæ suæ,Methapharo suo, Cx.o, and Agellius,Agellus, Cx.o, capitulo 3o, and Iohn in suo Policratico, libro 7o. Þisþes, γ.meovede, γ., et infra.Archademia, Cx.þan, α, β., and Cx.þurȝ, β.; þorouȝ, γ.neiȝ, β.; ny, γ.þousondes, γ.Grece, β.; Gres, γ.of] om. α.buþ, γ.yn huyves, γ.poundes, γ.bisiliche, β.; ham al bysylich, γ.; al hem besyly, Cx.volums, γ.; a fyfty volumes, Cx.o, seiþ þat som men telleþ þat Aristotil made his bookes so schortliche and so hard for envie, and for vaynglorie, oþer me mayme may] om. Cx.segge, γ.so schortliche and so hard] om. γ. and Cx.studieris, β.; studyers, γ.; stu|dientes, Cx.Trevisa. Here take hede þat here al þing þat haþ lif and felynge is i-clepedy-clepud, γ.thystory, Cx.sotil, β.; sotyl, γ.; subtyll, Cx.hy, γ.proufyt, Cx.y, β.; y wot, γ.y, β.; y segge, γ.that I saye not, Cx.þe] om. Cx.there to that, Cx.somme, Cx.say, Cx.þe] om. Cx.buþ þer yhud, γ.who, α., γ., and Cx.tretice, Cx.apon, γ.þapostel, γ.world] om. Cx.sayd that in Grece, Cx.byheelde hit, β.; byhuld, γ.coude, Cx.y, β.drent, β.Trevisa. It is wonder þat Gregorius Nauȝanȝenus telleþ so made a ungoodly taleso mad a magel tale, α. γ.; mad a magil tale, β.; soo madde a magye tale, Cx.houȝ, γ.nought] om. β., γ., and Cx.matier, Cx.o Meth.secundo meth., Cx.why, Cx.appul, γ., et infra.huld, γ.; helde, Cx.smelle, β. and Cx.hy, γ., et infra.began, Cx.fylle downe from, Cx.wexe, β.pale, Cx.ȝulde, γ.thystory, Cx.and] om. Cx.of thistoryes, Cx.þes, γ., et infra.þar, γ., et infra.teone, γ.anguysshe of wedded men, Cx.talketh, Cx.kuynde for α, γ.it, Cx.spedfol, γ.lovye, γ.habbeþ, γ.Eutropius.
THE Romayns ordeyneþordeyned, Cx.aȝenes, γ., semper.buþ, γ.habbeth, γ.selver, γ.þe] om. Cx.hogenes, γ.; gretenesse, Cx.send, γ.and heet] a het, γ.siȝ, β.; syȝ, γ.; sawe, Cx.wel] om. α., γ., and Cx.skomfyte, Cx.; scomfitede, β.; scomfytede, γ.fouȝten, β.in jopardy of his lyf, Cx.Furcule, α., β., and Cx.; Fer|cule Candius, γ.ham, γ., et infra.alyve, β.schendes, α., β.; shenship, Cx.; schendnes, γ.on, Cx.hul, γ.had of hem] ȝaf ham, γ.whuch, γ.Titus Livius. Þe duke and [the]hadde ordeygned, Cx.Furcule, α., β., and Cx.; Fer|cule Caudines, γ.where, Cx.hiȝ laundes, β.; by twey hyȝ laundes, γ.streit, β.; streyt, γ.streyte entre, Cx.streit, β.; streyt, γ.bifore, Cx.heordes, β.whar hy were, γ.sygge, γ.; to answer, Cx.passed to besiege, Cx.a citee] om. Cx.confedered, β.; comfedred, Cx.hurde, γ.Furcule, Cx.socre, γ.besieged, Cx.treen, β.; tren, γ.; trees, Cx.the entre, Cx.valey, Cx.wente into the toppes, Cx.meschyef, Cx.pes, γ.Poncius the duc, Cx.answherede, γ.batel is doon, β.pes, γ.þes condicions, γ.; this condi|cion, Cx.ȝulde, γ., et infra.armour, Cx.sauf her preuee, Cx.yelded, Cx.Eutropius. Þe ȝere ofof] om. α. and Cx.scomfyted, Cx.Orosius, libro 3o. After þat victorie þere felfille, β.; ful, γ.pestylence, Cx.for, Cx.seke, β.Sibil, β.; Sibylle, Cx.toke counseylle, Cx.Grece, β. and Cx.habbe a mamet, γ.Item Orosius. WifesWyues, β. and Cx.in a wod, γ.; in wode loue, Cx.þey, α. and Cx.; þei, β.; hy, γ.dryngkes, γ., et infra.and yet, Cx.veray poyson, Cx.and] om. α., β., and Cx.wyues, γ. and Cx.manere] added from α.; Cx. omits manere drynke.of ham ful, γ.and by the vyolent poyson of that drynk many of them felle downe sodenly deed, Cx.þe, Cx.Guytelinus, Cx.Brytayn, Cx.and coude many maner, Cx.she, Cx.Mercene, γ.Gaufridus. Also þisþens, γ.Danius, γ., bis.Kymarus Dauius, after Dauius Morindus, Cx.cruwel, β.; fol cruwel, γ.devorede, γ.
ARSANIUS, þat heet Artarxerses, Othus his sone, was þe þrittenþeþretteþe, γ.was xiii. yere kynge of Perse. Evidently a mistake.furste, γ., et infra.prospred, Cx.dede by trayson, Cx.Trogus, libro 9o. Þisþes, γ.bisy, β.for] om. Cx.neody, γ.merci and falsede, γ.untrusty in, Cx. and β.behote, Cx.leste, β., γ.; perfourme, Cx.was, Cx.wraþthe, γ.thank on, Cx.Trogus,
libro 7o. Þis whanne þatþat] om. α., γ., and Cx.by, β. and Cx.Olimpyada, Cx.Neoptholomeus] om. γ.Moloses, γ. and Cx.bigate, Cx.þese, β.thes yaue an assaute, Cx.eiȝe, β.; ryȝt ye, γ.; eye, Cx.with, Cx.yelde, Cx.inow] ynowȝ, β.; om. Cx.Trogus, libro 8o. Þis Phelip was enemye to menis fredomto al men freodom, γ.norischiþ, β.; norseþ, γ.; nou|rysshed, Cx.helped, Cx.bryng, γ.ys, γ.soget, γ. et infra; subjet, Cx. et infra.breþeron, γ.; brether, Cx.querele, Cx.ryȝtfolych, γ.; arbytracion to deme rightly, Cx.He, Cx.bounden, β.Trogus, libro 14o. Phelip somtyme werrede aȝenst þe Sithes,Schytes, β.; Shites, Cx.vertuwe, γ.on, Cx.chyldron, γ.Macedoyne, Cx.dwelle, Cx.on, Cx.Tebans, Cx.Thebes in Grece, Cx.warned, Cx.passage, β., γ., and Cx.þyȝ, γ.out] om. Cx.steurne, γ.; stierne, Cx.prysonners, Cx.þeose, γ.; Al thes, Cx.vyve, γ.þe] om. Cx.arrayed, Cx.ost, α.of] om. Cx.of] om. Cx.rewme, β.; reame, Cx.duc, Cx., ut passim.ledare, γ.ypot, γ.atte, Cx.wardcorpses, Cx.þar, γ.dispitously, β.; dispitefully, Cx.fylany, γ.; vylenye, Cx.after, Cx.oponlych, γ.complayned, Cx.turnde, γ.to, α. and β.beeþ] om. Cx.yhulde al gultles, γ.heo, β. and γ.the, Cx.were boþe suspecte] om. Cx.Trevisa. Þis lond is Tracia, and was somtyme þe lond of Epirotes. Hit foloweþ in þe storie.thystory, Cx.hanged, Cx.here, γ., bis.here, γ., bis.Trevisa. HoWho, β., γ., and Cx.cronyk, β. and γ.; cronique, Cx.that it was used, Cx.a were, γ.reuerent, Cx.thystory, Cx.hangide, β.; hanged, Cx.Cleopatra, α. and Cx.Atthalus, Cx.þat . . . kepe] om. Cx.saued, Cx.from] for, β.; for þe vyolens, γ.undide, β.; undude, γ.avoided, β.; auoyded, Cx.drough, Cx.Boecia, γ. and Cx.sweord, γ. bis.engraven a chariot, Cx.Policratica, libro 6o, capitulo 6o. While Phelip ordeynedefurst ordeignede, γ.forbeod, γ.; forbade, Cx.goþ apon wheoles, γ.commaunded every, Cx.and quernes] om. γ.neck, Cx.thyrtty, Cx.dawes, γ.Trogus, libro primo, capitulo 27o.capitulo 27o] om. Cx.
THE grete Alisaundre, whan his fader was deed, ganbygan, Cx.tyme] om. β., γ., and Cx.he] and, γ.age and regned, β. and Cx.vertuwes, γ.heelye, β.; helye, γ.; kepe se|crete, Cx.drinkeris, β.slee, β. and Cx.they, Cx.and frenesse] om. Cx.; freones, γ.lechery, Cx.Vincentius, libro 5o. Þe ȝere of Othus kyng of Pers fiftene, of Phelip kyng of Macedonia twelve, and of NectanabusNettanabus, γ., semper.And] om. β. and Cx.gadre, α., β., and Cx.ordeyne, α., β., and Cx.secretely, Cx.pryuate, Cx.basine of, Cx.wax, Cx.meouede, γ.; meoued, Cx.alyue, β. and Cx.fuyre, β.vyr holouȝ, γ.; fyrre holowe, Cx.holouȝnes, γ.founde to drown, Cx.; vonde to drynche, γ.waxe, Cx.tapres, γ. and Cx.ytent, γ.; brennynge, Cx.He herde telle yn a tyme, α., β., γ. (which reads hurde), and Cx.Indes, α. and Cx.Parthes, γ.had, Cx.to gedres] om. Cx.; togodres, γ.rise, β.; ryse, γ. and Cx.lawȝinȝe, β.; lauȝwyng, γ.; on laughyng, Cx.his] om. γ.bade, β.Anoon . . . heed] om. Cx.And, Cx.gate, Cx.siche, β.Jupiter, Cx.bygate, Cx.flye, γ.; flowe, Cx.Philip, Cx.henne, Cx.eye, β., et infra; egge, Cx.and whanne þe] om. α.that egge, Cx.lepte, Cx.schylle, γ., bis.shelle and crept, Cx.cropen, Cx.ynto, α.; into, β.; into the shelle, Cx.came oute of, Cx.Antiphon, β. and Cx.was demaunded what that shold signefye, Cx.answherede, γ., et infra.ar, γ.; dye er, Cx.ryall, Cx.egge, Cx.þe, α., β., and Cx.the quene] om. Cx.trauelyng, Cx.yhurd and yseye eorþe . . ., γ.quakynge, Cx.thonder, Cx.Quintus Curtius. Al þat day sete tweie egles uppon þe toppecoppe, β. and Cx.; apon þe cop, γ.sygnefyed, Cx.of] om. Cx.Vincentius. Þe childe is i-bore, and hattenamed, Cx.heier, Cx.on ȝolouȝ and þat oþer, γ.Ieroni|mus, epistola 35.Leonis, γ., et infra.whoche, γ.he was, α., β., and Cx.; a was, γ.Seneca. Alisaundre putte þeþes, γ.; that, Cx.lyons, γ.lyons to be deuoured, Cx.Vincentius. Whanne Alisaundre was
twellif, Cx.hooste, Cx.on, Cx.right knyghtly. On a . . ., Cx.y-fere, β.; yfere, γ.to geder to, Cx.deope water put, γ.too before wicche.wychche, γ.; witche, Cx.in that pitte and] om. β. and Cx.deþ, α. and γ.; dede wounded, Cx.axide, β.sayde, Cx.it, β. and Cx.this chaunge: there . . ., Cx.nyvelyng, β. and γ.; neuelyng, Cx.schost, α.and schuldest telle] and so aronȝ to tel, γ.þis, β.And he, Cx.wychche, γ.fleo, γ.desteny, Cx.Trevisa. Nectanabus seide þis sawe, [and]wychche, γ., et infra; witche, Cx.he, β. and Cx.; α, γ.to be byleuid, Cx.fyle, γ.byleue, Cx.of a wytche, Cx.be, Cx.volweþ, γ.knewe, α.; ych knew, γ.sayde, Cx.al added before by in γ.of al this. That tyme. . ., Cx.yhurd, γ.toke gret thought, Cx.eyr, β, et infra; eyr, γ.answher, γ.Botifal, β., et infra.who that euer myght ryde his hors withoute falle or hurtynge, Cx.and kyng after hym] om. α., β., γ., and Cx.hurde, γ., et infra.telle herof of Philippes hors called Bucyfall, right perillous and bytyng, and alwey, Cx.neyȝed, β.; neyde, γ.; neyed, Cx.lyons, Cx.leep, γ.; lept, Cx.sixteþe, γ.Mothona, β.; Mathona, Cx.a syȝ, γ.sawe messagers, Cx.chalenge, β., γ., and Cx.wond, γ.seid, Cx.Pers, Cx.buþ comyn, γ.of] om. Cx.Giraldus in Topographia. In an homelichehomlych, γ.murþe, γ.forkitte, β.; he, Cx.strengges, γ.felde, γ.; conceyued, Cx.þe, Cx.manhode, β. and Cx.; manhed, γ.historyes saien, Cx.toke grete entent to, β.; tok gret entent to, γ.grete delyte to here, and saith it befalleth, Cx.for] om. Cx.ashamed, Cx.wymmens liking, β.; womens liking, Cx.Tullius. While Alisaundre gat favour of men by ȝiftes of money, his fader wroot to hym in þis manere: "What errour haþ brouȝt þe in to þethat, β. and Cx.true, Cx.receyueth, Cx.he þat fongeþ. . . and þerby. . . are transposed in γ.fourteþe, α. and γ.bigan, β.; began, Cx.Trogus, libro 11o. Þan Alisaundre slowȝ his stepdame sone Caranus, and alle his owne kyn þat semed able to þe kyngdom for [that]alayde, β.Than he alayde craftely, Cx.kyngdoms] om. β., γ., and Cx.began, Cx.suget, γ.; subget, Cx.Athenens, α., γ., and Cx.Demostenes, Cx.Attenens, Cx.erytage, γ.byleued, Cx.Asye, γ.Asie aloone, β.and þerfore, nor has γ.the, Cx.doller, β. and γ.sharpest, Cx.wyttet, γ.made, Cx.hy, γ.here] om. Cx.Petrus, 106.Elespontus, Cx.assembled, Cx.Lidia thurgh Yconia, Cx.Sardes, Cx.Trogus, libro 11o. Alisaundre herdehurde, γ.streytnesse, Cx.leyde, β.; leyde on, γ.swot, β.; Tharsis fol of swot, γ.; Tharses full of swote, Cx.erneþ, β.; eorneþ, γ.; spryngeth, Cx.beganne, Cx.schryngke, γ.drench, β.; dryng, γ.bifore, Cx.noon, β.; non, γ.; no, Cx.drenche, β.; drynch, γ.trustly, Cx.drench, γ.þe] om. γ. and Cx.dawes, γ.of] om. Cx.of] om. Cx.scholtrum, γ.; sheltron, Cx.was, Cx.was, Cx.fled, Cx.were, Cx.; beþ, β., et infra; buþ, γ.were, Cx.; beþ, β., et infra; buþ, γ.were, Cx.; buþ, γ.were, Cx.; buþ, γ.was, Cx.and a buþ, γ; be, Cx.gan to lychery, γ.; bigan to lyue lecherously, Cx.Eest, Cx.Petrus, 126.Saraballa, Cx.subgestion to kyng, Cx.they, Cx.; þei, β.Gaȝarim, α., β., and Cx.; hul mont Gaȝirym, γ.broder, Cx.Trogus, libro 11o. While Alisaundre was in Siria meny kynges of þe Est come aȝenst hym, and lordes wiþ crownes and dyademes. Som of [hem]ham, γ.a bynaam, γ.bename, Cx.stude, γ., et infra.down, Cx.wont, β.wont bifore to, Cx.for hem and laue up.hire, α.; hyre, β. and γ.his liflode] om. β., γ., and Cx.watery, α.; watry, γ.; water, Cx.gardens, Cx.Trogus, libro 18o. Þat tyme Alisaundre fildefulde, γ.; filled, Cx.yn croyses, γ.in croyses all that dwellyd, Cx.and] om. α., β., and Cx.Trogus, libro 81o.]chorles in that, Cx.her, Cx.freo, γ., et infra.howses, Cx.bygate free childer, Cx.; chyl|dern, γ.þey hy were noȝt freo ham sylf, γ.; though hymself were bonde, Cx.hudde, γ.goodlych, γ.; goodly, Cx.cheose, γ.whoche, γ.espye, Cx.on the morow, Cx.Þes, γ.warned, Cx.counseylled, Cx.þey, α., β., and Cx.feeld, γ.wondour erlych, γ.heyȝeste, γ.of] om. Cx.consailer, γ.Than, Cx.gretely, Cx.passed, Cx.chyldron, γ.; childer, Cx.except Stracones blode, Cx.Iosephus, libro 11o. ÞoThan, Cx.wrot, γ.preostes, γ.Jherusalem, Cx.vitails, β.trybute, Cx.weorneþ, γ.warned and sayde, Cx.and] om. α., β., and Cx.pay, Cx.þretneþ and manaseþ, γ.; was displesyd with, Cx.Petrus, libro 196o. Þan Alisaundre went forþ and took þe citeecitee] om. γ.slepe arayed, Cx.schewide, β.whuch, γ.Grekes, Cx.destruye, γ.relesch, β.relesse of the trybute, Cx.seve, γ.Trogus, libro 11o. Þan he wan RodesRhodes, γ.; Roodes, Cx.wytte, Cx.of, γ. and Cx.burþe, γ., et infra.Olimpia, α.; Olimpias, γ. and Cx.aknowe, β.; beknowen, Cx.geten, Cx.oponlych, γ.a forsook Olympiada, γ.; for|soke Olympyada, Cx.lygnage and byrthe of godheed, Cx.to, α., β., γ., and Cx.sclaundre, α. and β.; desclaun|der, γ.; sklander, Cx.gaue mede to the . . ., Cx.answher a wolde habbe, γ.he, Cx.wexe, Cx.vysage, Cx.yleorned, γgrue, Cx.Allexandria, β. and Cx.Macedoyns to dwelle in, Cx.he lefte, Cx.countray, Cx.Augustinus de Civitate [Dei],libro 4o, capitulo 5o,to, α.et Policratica, libro 3o. Þat tyme Alisaundre axede of oon Dyonides,Dyonydes, Cx., et infra; α. adds þat after Dyonides.þeof, γ., et infra.answherede studefastlych and seyde, γ.stydfastly, Cx.skyl, Cx.yclepud, γ., et infra.nauy, Cx.bote, γ.but unfortune and unhap, oute take that he is the werst, Cx.þeef] om. Cx.cleped, added in α. and β.; clepud, γ.i-cleped] om. α., β., and Cx.commaundemente, Cx.Ich fleo, γ.thou impugnest, β. and Cx.; ynpugnest, γ.and] om. Cx.scarsite of ryches, Cx.pruyde, γ.fulfuld, γ.þee, β.my, Cx.ryches, Cx.were] om. γ.thou, Cx.ryches, Cx.studfastnes, γ.; stydfastnesse, Cx.essay, Cx.be chaunged, Cx.doost amysse, Cx.Iustinus, libro 6o. Whanne Siria was overcome, Alisaundre and Darius come eft to gidres in bataille forto fiȝte, Darius sente lettres to Alisaundre in þis manere: "Darius, kyng of kynges and cosyn toof, α. and Cx.Ych, β.; Y, γ., et infra.chargyng and commandyng the that thou retorne, Cx.forfadris, β.; forfaders, γ. and Cx.liste, β.; ȝut lyst in þe, γ.ich, β.leurne, γ.and til thou come therto, Cx.skourge, γ.ball, Cx.pors, β. and γ.meneþ, β.; bitokeneth, Cx.plaiyng, β.þe, γ.; thy, Cx.obeyssaunt, Cx.and buxum] om. Cx.; buxom, γ.my, Cx.ich, β.þe] om. Cx.charge, Cx.bryngge, γ.bifore my, Cx.Þeos, γ., et infra.saynges, Cx.habbeþ, γ.for] om. Cx.hy habbeþ hy, γ.send, γ.ball and money of gold, γ. and Cx.y knowe, γ.couenablye, Cx.ych, γ.my subgettis, Cx.the roundenesse of the balle signe|fieth, Cx.money of] om. Cx.tresorye, α. and γ.; tresour, Cx.Trogus, libro 11o. At þe laste
fledde, Cx.most raunson, β.; a moste raun|sene, γ.; myght raunson, Cx.chalenged, Cx.bote, γ.proferd, Cx.hise, β.and a grete parte, Cx.hym after hoteþ.charged him to deliuer to hym, Cx.commanded, Cx.receyue, Cx.wole, β.; wolde, γ.pes, γ.; peas, Cx.in, β., γ., and Cx.wrote, Cx.for] added from α., not in Cx. or β.no despyte ne enuye, Cx.thanne he, Cx. has and.parte, Cx.with xxx. M. talentes, Cx.and seide] om. Cx.neodeþ, γ.said, Cx.to] om. Cx.flaterie, β.; flatry, γ.scheltroun, β.; scholtrum, γ.he promysed hym araye his sheltron owther yelde, Cx.suffre, Cx.to twey, γ.Vincentius.Vincentius] om. Cx.happiliche, β.; happelych, γ.messager, Cx.tyþinges, α.hyeth, β. and Cx.þe] om. Cx.whether thou be, β. and Cx.; wher þou, γ.þu, α.said, Cx.spekist, β.; spekest, Cx.to me] om. α., β., γ., and Cx.said, Cx.messager, Cx.where, Cx.that twice over, nor γ., nor Cx.dryngke, γ.drang, γ.repreouede, γ.said, Cx.ich wente, γ.it be soo used, Cx.þat] om. α., β., and Cx.waar, γ.fledde, Cx.folowed, Cx.charged, Cx.hoteþ] om. Cx.Trogus, libro 11o. Þere was strong fiȝtynge, and at þe laste Darius gan to flee, and Alisaundre his knyȝtes pursueþporseweþ, γ.pursued and toke, Cx.chef, β.fledde, Cx.deyede, β.Trogus, libro 12o. Þe menemeane, Cx.messagers, Cx.came, Cx.tolde, Cx.Epirus, γ.fowle born downe, Cx.stuard, Cx.Shytes, Cx.overcome and] om. α. and γ.and were al destroyed, Cx.; destruyd, γ.moone and sorowe, Cx. and γ.turne aȝeyn to, γ.; retorne to, Cx.Netheles, Cx.comforted, Cx.his knyȝtes] om. γ.to] om. Cx.þe] om. Cx.strange, β.Eest, Cx.sayd, Cx.after, Cx.Talestris, β. and Cx.þe] om. γ. and Cx.wymmen, γ.right, Cx.childer, Cx.wonderfol, γ., et infra.of] om. α., β., and Cx.heo, β. and γ.heo, β.and . . . . wombeful] om. Cx.þe] om. Cx.Of þy wytt is wyt hath wondur, γ.fauour, Cx.schendes, α.; schenship, β.; schendnes, γ.art shamed for euermore, Cx.whan . . . wommen] om. Cx.ouercome, Cx.Trogus, libro 12.
AFTER þis Alisaundre took þe cloþinge and þe dyademe of þe kyng of Pers, as þeythaugh, Cx.bade, Cx.nyȝtes, α., γ., and Cx.; nyȝtis, β.companye, Cx.nobel, γ.destruyde, γ.highted his meels, Cx.hadde, Cx.sich, β.not gete ne wonne, Cx.al] om. Cx.began, Cx.his] om. Cx.suffry, γ.more easily, Cx.chevalry, γ.helde, Cx.þe] om. Cx.olde, β. and γ.; old, Cx.stalward, γ.childre, Cx.armur, γ.þe ȝongelynges, α. and Cx.huyre, γ.receyue, Cx.faders, Cx.cheualrye, Cx.Partyes, Cx.cruwel, γ.þar a slouȝ on, γ.distruyed, β.; destruyde, γforfadres, γ.; fornfaders, Cx.drad, β.tydynges, Cx., et infra.þey] om. Cx.to] om. α., β., and Cx.tydynges, Cx., et infra.bade, Cx.tydynges, Cx., et infra.messageris, β.; messagers, Cx.pryuately, Cx.al men wyl, γ.truwe, γ.ferre, Cx.Policratica,Pol.libro.libro] om. β. and γ.dronken, Cx.meyny, γ. and Cx.on, Cx.palys, β.; his palays, Cx.wyndronke, γ.; wyne dronken, Cx.wodenesse, Cx.wham, γ. (bis).appellyst, Cx.sober, Cx.wreþthe, γ.þe] om. Cx.atte folle, γ.; fully foryaue hym the trespas, Cx.Trogus. Þanne he stood wiþsuduweþ, β.; sodeuweþ, γ.he subdued the peple that dwellyd atte fote, Cx.mont] om. Cx.bylde, Cx.bilde, β.twelf, γ.Shicia (sic), Cx.Gru, γ.; Grue, Cx.Jupiters, β.Jupiters cosyn, Cx.Trogus, libro 12o. Þe men þat beeþ i-closed wiþ ynne þe watres þat hatte palludes McotidesMeotydes, Cx.coueitese, Cx.not receyue, Cx.Whether, β. and Cx.þat, β.noȝt þat tren, γ.that trees that growe a longe tyme, Cx.be waar, γ.treo, γ.þat] om. Cx.buwes, γ.lion, Cx.smalleste, γ.rust destroyed yren, Cx.studefast, γ.; stydfast, Cx.peryll, Cx.feble, Cx.cam, Cx.mow servy, γ.; may, Cx.kepe not to regne, Cx.pursue theues, Cx.his before þeef.þeof, γ.neode, γ.hastow, Cx.neody, γ.riches, Cx.suffreþ, α. and Cx.bynyme, β.; bynymme, γ.; take from no, Cx.be, Cx.wiþ werre] om. Cx.boond, β.pese, γ.; peas, Cx.One day, Cx.tristy, β.bosty, γ.; booste, Cx.of hem] om. Cx.huld, γ.helde up Alisandres oyle, Cx.Olitus, Cx.old man and wyse, β., γ., and Cx.wodnes, γ.wodenesse was cessed, Cx.slayn, Cx.his, Cx.deol, β. and γ.doel and] om. Cx.sorowe, Cx.for] om. Cx.breke, γ.brake oute, Cx.yen, γ.; eyen, Cx.weope, β.fol sore weop þe kyng, γ.; wepte ful soore, Cx.corps, Cx.wondes, γ.scheft, γ.; drewe oute the shafte, Cx.stycke, Cx.Clitus sister, Cx.norse, β. and Cx.; norce, γ.dawes, γ., ut semper.Calystenes, Cx.scolevere, γ.alayed, Cx.Trogus, libro 12o. But nouȝt longe afterward, for þis Calistenes þe philosofre wolde not use þe manere and þe array of Pers, Alisaundre bare hym anon, α., γ., and Cx.espye, Cx.lymes, γ.; lymmes, Cx.stoke of the, Cx.hand, Cx.Lysimachus, et infra, Cx.lyon to be eten, Cx.and schove it] om. α.; þruste hys hond into þe leon hys, γ.; and put it into the lyons, Cx.lyon resed and rased, β. and Cx.; resede he rasede, γ.sawe, Cx.Salustius.Solinus, β., γ., and Cx.Caspy, Cx.childern, γ.; childer, Cx.lygnages, Cx.prayed leve, α.; prayd for ly|cence to, Cx.þat, α. and Cx.had yleurned, γ.; understande, Cx.thens, Cx.glu, γ.; glue, Cx.sawe, Cx.folfulle, γ.a scholleþ go, γ.; shal, Cx.in] om. Cx.heeled, β.; helede, γ.keuered the armour, Cx.Nysa, Cx.a ladde, γ.Thens he ledde his hooste, Cx.pryvey harneys, γ.yvy, α., β., and γ.where men hele ther preuy har|nays with yuy leues, Cx.for] om. Cx.heo, β. γ., et infra; she, Cx.armour, Cx.heo, γ.lye, Cx.so] om. Cx.heore, γ.; the, Cx.yclepud, γ.harlatte, Cx.a lyue, Cx.scharpnesse, β.; scharpnes, γ.; sharpnesse, Cx.miche, β.peple, Cx.þuder, γ.; were fledde theder, Cx.forþere, α.; forboden forther, Cx.maieste, γ.Porrus, β. and Cx.Botifal, β.; Bucyfall, Cx.Porrus, β. and Cx.Porrus, Cx.sory, α.was so sory that he was, Cx.ne suffre men hele, Cx.
WHANNE Alisaundre hadde i-gooygo, γ.clef, γ.arayed, Cx.of] om. Cx.habbeþ ihurd, γ.; haue herd, Cx.suffice the whom, Cx.wordle, γ.habbeþ, γ., et infra.þe whoch, γ.on, Cx.comyn, β.ryches, Cx.fyle, γ.sckars, Cx.acompted, Cx.hiȝtnes, β.; hyȝtnes, γ.han, β.kuynde, γ., et infra.herberowe, β. and Cx.; har|borghe, γ.we lyue, Cx.graues, Cx.domes, γ. and Cx.do not thing that nedeth redresse, Cx.necdfol, γ.ynowȝ . . . myche, β.; that we knowe is mesurable, and not to moche, Cx.Euenesse, Cx.We shone, Cx.neodeþ, γ.punysshyng, Cx.wondy, γ.; wounde, Cx.cultre, β.culture and with share, Cx.ne, Cx.be not seke, Cx.dwelle, Cx.keueryng, Cx.þe] om. Cx.eorþe, γ.werriþ, β.We be no werriours, Cx.liuyng, Cx.foloweth thoffyce, Cx.Comittatur exequias. We secheþ no pleiesseche no playes, Cx.fol, γ.; right, Cx.wolkene, γ.; firmament, Cx.ben, β.comyn, γ.not to lye, Cx.beedes, Cx.thankynges, Cx.Responsio Alexandri. "ȝif it ishyt ys soþ, γ.; be, Cx.allone be acompted, Cx.hy, γ. passim.acompte, Cx.acompte, Cx.mankunde, γ. et infra.acompte, Cx.distruyeþ, β.seyn, β. et infra; hy seggeth, γ. et infra.han, β.hy habbeþ envye, γ.; han enuye, Cx.creaturis, β.Responsio Dindimi. "We beeþ nouȝt at home in þis worlde, but from home and gistesgystes, α. and γ.; as gestes, Cx.hennes, α.with charge, Cx.neiȝiþ, β.; neyȝheþ, γ.; drawe nyghe, Cx.owne, α., β., and Cx.hye, Cx.siȝȝeþ nouȝt, γ.; say not, Cx.þe] om. Cx.freodom, γ.hath bolned, Cx.seyn, Cx.recchiþ, β.; rechcheþ, γ.; rek|keth, Cx.mankugnde, γ.templis, β.whuch, γ.sheden, Cx.I call you woode, Cx.wytte not, Cx.wyttyngly, Cx.sacrilege, γ.; Cx. has ye holden in the synne sacrylege, apparently for ye be holden. . .Epistola Alexandri. "Þow clepest þy self a man of welþe, for þow wonestdwellest, Cx.þe] om. Cx.scarsete, Cx.skylle, Cx.habbeþ, γ.tyleþ, α.; tileþ, β.; teleþ, γ.; telle, Cx.defawte of yre, Cx.saf, β.; kunde focheþ noȝt saf, γ.; not sauf, Cx.That yet (error for ye) lyue, Cx.moot, γ.; muste, Cx.maye, Cx.seyle, γ.; sayle, Cx.lyuelode, Cx.lyued, β.so mote ȝe nedes] om. α, β., γ., and Cx.reul, γ.in strayte skarste and meschyef, Cx.quater), γ.coveitiþ, β.poverte, Cx.han, β. et infra.neode, γ.meschyef, Cx.studeþ, γ.no, Cx.axen neyther graunt mercy ther|inne, Cx.Mannes, β. and Cx.sowles, Cx.wyttet, γ., and above in a later hand, quyk.dol, β.dol wyttet, γ.in an] and, α., β., γ., and Cx.ages, α. and Cx.childehode, Cx.Trevisa. ȝe may knowe how þe wittes haveþhan, Cx.ȝe, β.yf ye take, Cx.huw, γ.noyse, γ.smylles, α.; smelles, β. and Cx.smak, γ.nayssche, γ. et infra.nessh and hard, Cx.nessh, Cx.thystorye, Cx.matier, Cx.mankunde, γ.ymelled, γ.every, α. and Cx.benefics beþ, β.; benefyces ben, Cx.fysshes, Cx.pruyte, γ.for, Cx.a buþ, γ.Responsio Dindimi. "ȝe meoveþmoeue, Cx.han, β.; Bragmans had, Cx.membrys, Cx.bataylles, Cx.welkene, β.; wolkon, γ.; be|holden the firmamente, Cx.hyres, α.; hereþ, β.; hyreþ, γ.; her, Cx.song, Cx.trees, Cx.to] om. Cx.seiþ, α.; seyn, β.; say, Cx.doo it not, Cx.anhongered and afurst, γ.; ye be hongry and thyrsty, Cx.neodeþ, γ.kunde, γ.kinde thirst, Cx.heeleþ, β.; heeleth not, Cx.ne, Cx.openly knowen, Cx.ȝif] om. Cx.thyrste and hongre, Cx.neode, β.; kundelych neode, γ.thyrst, Cx.fledde, Cx.despeseþ, β.; despysed, Cx.worship, Cx.þeos, γ.his] om. α.Jupiters sonne, Cx.chargith, Cx.that withoute delaye thou come, Cx.a wol, γ.; wold, Cx.come, Cx.thi hede and thy, β. and Cx.manere, γ.lyȝt, α. and γ.; liȝte, β.; lyght, Cx.foydeþ, α.; auoydeth, Cx.manslauȝt, α. and γ.; man|slauȝte, β.; manslaughter, Cx.ne werre, Cx.dye, Cx.he promyseth to me is not, Cx.neodfol, γ. et infra.neodeþ no, γ.; noo, Cx.frely wheder, Cx.my, Cx.suffren, Cx.greveþ and] om. Cx.wole, β.; wol, Cx.lette, Cx.boste, Cx.peas, Cx.what þu desyrest we . . . β. and γ.; þou, om. Cx.love, α. and Cx.rek not, Cx.receyued, Cx.whereon, β.; wharon, γ.; wheron, Cx.thy, Cx.whome, Cx.lytil, Cx.though, Cx.seest me lye, β. and Cx.; sest me lygge, γ.leornest, γ.; lerne, Cx.wysedome, Cx.though thou desire nought, Cx.ych, β.þe eorþe in stude for, γ.flesshe of beestys, Cx.guttes, Cx.y, β.not buryels, Cx.as, β., γ., and Cx.maad, γ.pryuytees, Cx.wol, γ.; wil, Cx.pertener, β., γ., and Cx.þis] om Cx.mysbeode, γ.eþer, β.scheede, γ.; shede, Cx.slee, Cx.maist not escape, Cx.destree, β.of] om. Cx.effray, Cx.my, β. and Cx.to oþer, α.; triste to oþere, β.; ne trust to other, Cx.at nyght, Cx.him, Cx.be easy, Cx.dales, γ.; dennys, Cx.þeose, γ.profered, Cx.oyle, Cx.May, Cx.syngiþ, β.; singe, Cx.to synge, β.; synge] om. Cx.maye not, Cx.wolt, Cx.receyue, Cx.stude, γ.freo, γ.boonde, β.wold, Cx.swyth, Cx.ych, β.wil, α.; wol, γ.; wolle, Cx.receyue, Cx.a fyre of wode, and sang, Cx.sawe, Cx.
AFTER þis Alisaundre, aboute þe enlevenþe ȝere of his kyngdom, passede by þe Est occean; and þe bisshop of þe treentren, β. et infra; trees, Cx.aȝenes, β.i-cloþed, α.; clothed, Cx.not pollute, Cx.doo of, Cx.of added in α.þulke, γ.heiȝ, β.; fote highe, Cx.rone, β. and Cx.ne byrd ne wylde, Cx.wepte, Cx.Petrus, 197. Preostes tooktoke of, Cx.þeose, γ.beame, Cx.beame, Cx.treo, γ.shake, Cx.Vincentius. Alisaundre woldewold have, Cx.leeful, α.; leful, Cx.afuyre, β.; encense afire, Cx.ne, Cx.kuste, γ; clypped and kysshed, Cx.even, Cx.countrey, Cx.dide, β.; yf he cam there, Cx.slayne, Cx.tole, Cx.Petrus, 197. Alisaundre warnede
Many, Cx.tellen, Cx.pryuy, Cx.gretely, Cx.eiȝen, β.; yen, γ.; eyen, Cx.þt, α.; that, Cx.that, Cx.whuch, γ.laid, Cx.a balas, γ.weygh, α.; weyȝ, β.; wayȝ, γ.; weyed, Cx.myghte be layde ther agayns on that other, Cx.till they layde, Cx.weyȝ, β.; wayȝ, γ.; and it weyed, Cx.lyghtly ynowe, Cx.Eutropius. Þat ȝere Lucius Papirus, dictator of Rome, þat was so noble a werriour,þat repeated after werriour, in γ.; wereiour, Cx.chosen, Cx.beet, Cx.þe] om. β.Petrus, 197o.
Whanne Alisaundre hadde i-wonnewonne, Cx.messagers, Cx., et infra.landes, Cx.yelde, Cx.majeste, γ.holliche, β.; holych, γ.; holly, Cx.þeos, γ.Trogus, libro 12o. Also þe stewardesstiwardes, β., et infra.of landes and of provynces, Cx.hete hem hange hem, Cx.comen, Cx.countrey, Cx.receyved, Cx.Antiparte, Cx.sawe, Cx.nouȝt] om. Cx.hym self] om. α., β., γ.,; tra|uailes and huge and dradde, β.; and huge, γ.; and henge hymself, om. Cx.ordeynde, α.; ordeyned, Cx.occupie, β.; occupye, γ.; em|poysen, Cx.soo vyolent and tynynge, Cx.noon, α.yre, γ.ne] om. α.metalle, Cx.hoof, Cx.atte, Cx.phicicien, Cx.yave a groone as though he had be stykked, Cx.þorw þe body wiþ a swerd, α., β., γ., and Cx.axide, β.unholsomme, Cx.eten, Cx.sekenesse, Cx.Petrus, 197o. Þanne Alisaundre loste his speche, and wroot his laste wille,
heyr, Cx.of his, Cx.Trogus, libro 12o. Whannethat, added in Cx.syȝ, β.; sawe, Cx., et infra.heyr, Cx.so] om. Cx.þat] om. Cx.broder Arydeus, Cx.sawe, Cx.hire] his, α.; om. β. and Cx.sawe, Cx.for covetise] om. Cx.Stronge, α.; Straunge, β.; Strange, γ. and Cx.Darius moder, β. and Cx.Darius moder, β. and Cx.byfore, Cx.þouȝ, β.myldenesse, α., β., and Cx.; myldenes, γ.þat þey] and, α., β., γ., and Cx.nouȝt] om. Cx.bylde, Cx.Policratica, libro 4o. In Grees was nonever, Cx.tomblestres, β. and Cx.Emperours his childer wer . . ., γ.; for it is a comyn sawe, Sylde owther never emperours chil|dren were, Cx.Trogus, libro 12o. Whanne Alisaundre was i-buried, philosofres come to gidres, and seide: "Alisaundre haþ i-made tresour of golde, but now is þe contrarie." Anoþer seide, "Al þe world was so litel forto β., γ., and Cx.ȝurstonday, γ. et infra.foure elnes of cloþ buþ ynow . . . γ.; ellnes is, Cx.folle, γ.ȝurstonday, γ. et infra.ȝurstonday, γ. et infra.ladde, α.; had, Cx.hooste, Cx.hooste, Cx.ȝurstonday, γ. et infra.adowne, Cx.this day, Cx.ȝurstenday, γ.Petrus, 197. After þe grete Alisaundre, in þe foure parties of þe world regnede foure kynges. Phelip Arrideus,Arydeus, Cx.Selenchus, Cx.named, Cx.every in the singler, Cx.succeeded, Cx.of, Cx.whoche, γ.Philopater otherwise called, Cx.Iosephus, libro 12o.
THOLOMEUS, Lagus his sone, regnede after Alisaundre in Egipte fourty ȝere, and was i-cleped Savyour, and hadde þat
hadde a surname Sother, α., β., and Cx.put to, Cx.þes, γ.Epurtes, Cx.Salencus, Cx.byfore, Cx.usiþ tirauntre, β.; tyraundyse, γ.; Agathocles used tyrannye, Cx.Iherusalem, Cx.by] om. Cx.Theophratus, Cx., et infra.Menand, α., β., and γ. (without any abbreviation mark); Menandis, Cx.be in theyr, Cx.the historye.acompted, Cx.nouȝt] om. β. and γ.Leodicia, Cx.prosperyte, Cx.fylany, γ.; vyleny, Cx.messagiers, Cx.of] om. Cx., et infra.togeder, Cx.ryse, α., γ.; and rise, β.; and reysed the, Cx.Eutropius. Pirrus overcom þe Romayns in þe firste bataille, and occupiede Italy anon tounto, Cx.hem, Cx.taken alyve, Cx.slayne, Cx.beheld them lye with grisely, Cx.cruwel, β. and γ.haf, β. and γ.sterne, terrible, and cruel, he heef up his hand, Cx.fourth, Cx.geten, Cx.messagyer, Cx.for] om. β. and Cx.in, α.; yn, γ.come] om. α., γ., and Cx.desired, Cx.Trogus, decimo sep|timo]founde, Cx.receyve, Cx.i-] om. α. and Cx.agayne, Cx.Titus.]sene the contreye, Cx.holden, Cx.slayne, Cx., et infra.Isoder, Cx.yordeyng, γ.ȝonglingis leepe, β.; yonge men lepte, Cx.frotide, β.unto, Cx.fylle, Cx.sayled, Cx.Valerius. Pirrus andand] om. Cx., in mistake.nyghe togeders, Cx.biheet, β.; promysede, Cx.ȝeve, α. and Cx.phicicien, Cx.messagyers, Cx.falsed, γ.tourned, Cx., bis.Titus. Pirrus was i-praiedpraysed, Cx.Tarentines, Cx.ynde, Cx.amphibolice, β. and γ.; amphi|bolyce. Cx.befalle the Pirrus, Cx.þei, β.; þe, γ.with this, Cx.agrise, β.; agryse, γ.horrible gretenesse, Cx.þe] om. γ.flye, γ.; smelle of olyfauntes and fledde, Cx.soore wounded, Cx.þe] om. β. and Cx.rayne, Cx.Selencus, Cx.Grekes, Cx.Gaufridus et Alfridus. Aboute þis tyme Morin|dus þe cruel, sone of Damus,Danius, α., β., γ., and Cx.Brytayne, Cx.was called, Cx., et infra.Danius', Cx.Moryndus, β.did, Cx.eten atte, Cx.was called, Cx., et infra.he, Cx.deyde, γ.cruwelich, β.; cruwelych, γ.; cruelly, Cx.atte last by the peple was putte out, Cx.made, Cx.fyf, γ.hunted, Cx.Caltrium, α., β.; Calterium, γ.; Calcum, Cx.Caltres, β. and γ.; Caltras, Cx.Gaufridus. Byside þe citee AlcludAlcluit, α. β.; Acliut, Cx.putte, Cx.pryvely, Cx.in, β. and Cx.seke, Cx.compellide, β.þe, α.; the, Cx.twey, β. and Cx.twey, Cx.stemnes, γ.; tymes, Cx.deyeden atte, β.; atte, Cx.take, Cx.þo] om. Cx.þrid, β.Brytayns, Cx.musicke, Cx.called, Cx.Vennius, γ.Petrus, capitulo 200.
THOLOMEUS Philadelphus, þe secounde kyng of Egipt, regnede eyȝte and þrittythyrtty, Cx.fadir, β.hoost, Cx.olyfantes, Cx.Petrus, 300.þis, β.; þes, γ.; This, Cx.ham, γ.vessels, β.; vessaile, Cx.halowide, β.; yhalwed, γ.warden, Cx.messagers, Cx.praiynge, β.Gru, γ.; Hebrew into Grue, Cx.þat wole be þre score, β.; þat wol be þo, γ.time] om. β.ȝif it is, β.þens buþ, γ.ouȝt, α., β., and Cx.; oȝt, γ.spake, Cx.a redel, α., β., γ., and Cx.spak, Cx.name] om. Cx.angel, Cx.mankunde, γ.kunde, γ.of] om. α. and Cx.Hy folfulde, γ.Augustyn, Cx.o, capitulo 42o, wil mene þat þis seventyunderstandeth that these seventy, Cx.every, Cx.selle, Cx.or sentence, Cx.Ierom holdeth, Cx.and cor|recte, Cx.þe work, γ.Augustinus de Civi|tate [Dei],libro 18o, capitulo 42o. Seventy olde men of al þe lynages of Israel, evericheevery, Cx.Grue, Cx., et infra.discordide nouȝt, β.sentence, Cx.þey, γ.Symachus, Cx.unknowen, Cx.þeos, γ.be sette byfore, Cx.translated holy Scripture, Cx.say, Cx.þurste, γ.; dar, Cx.hadden, β. and Cx.strickes, β.; strikkes, γ.unces, α., β., γ., and Cx.be wrytton, and be, Cx.obeli, γ.Hebrewe, α., γ., and Cx.; He|brue, β.merkede, γ.markede wiþ] repeated by error of the scribe.be called, Cx.be shapen, Cx.Ysidorus, libro 6o. Me seiþ þat þis Tholomeus hadde seventy þowsand bookesbokes, γ.lybrary, Cx.Petrus, librocapitulo, Cx.o. Of dyvers trans|laciouns
Byfore, Cx.in prosperyte, Cx.in his prosperyte, Cx.Symachus, Cx.fifþe, β.founden, β. and Cx.comyn, β. and γ.; comune, Cx.eyȝtetene, γ.be, Cx.astaryches, Cx.wiþ oute such signes, γ., cor|rectly.siches signes.Gru, γ.; Grue, Cx.Gru, γ.; Grue, Cx.neiȝ, β.Sauter, α., β., γ., and Cx.Eutropius. Þe Romayns dede þe firste
and, α., β., and Cx.Cartaginensem, Cx.beeþ . . . þey] for this β., γ., and Cx. have: Trevisa: Men of Affrica . . .and] om. α.beeþ . . . þey] for this β., γ., and Cx. have: Trevisa: Men of Affrica . . .Primi, Peni, Punici, Cx.Punici, β. and γ.bellum, added here in γ.Punici, Cx.þey, γ.moved, Cx.armure, β.; armur, γ.byfore, Cx.certainly, Cx.never, β.; nevere seþthe, γ.; batayll cessed never sith, Cx.continually, Cx.and, Cx, wrongly.Iheron, β., γ., and Cx.Affers, Cx.Her, Cx.Marcus, Cx.drynchede ham, γ.ether, Cx.atte, β. and Cx.they, Cx.bent, γ.hooste, Cx.þeus, γ.atte, β. and Cx.they slow, Cx.fote, β. and Cx.none, Cx.Affers, Cx., et infra.Zansippus, β., γ., and Cx.hoost, Cx.meschef, β.; atte last meschief, Cx.only, Cx.flyȝ, β.; escapede and fledde, Cx.dede slayne, Cx.slewe, Cx.Augustinus de Civitate [Dei],libro primo. Noþeles an oþ was i-swore þat ȝif þatþat] om. Cx., wrongly.dide, Cx., et infra.though, Cx.togeder, Cx.not prouffitable, Cx.comynte, β. and γ.dide, Cx., et infra.counceiliden, β.forto abyde specyalych, γ.but bycause he sware, Cx.yf, Cx.onest, γ.; honneste bourges of the, Cx.ches, β.; chese, Cx.closiden, β.streyt, γ.; strayte, Cx.þicke] om. γ.; ymked, α. and β.that was ful of pykes within forth of sharpe nayles, Cx.þe, α.; þe lydes and made, β; hys ye lydes, γ.; the lyddes of his eyen, Cx.Petrus, 168. Tholomeus fauȝt aȝenst Antiochus Theos kyng of Siria, but afterward þey were confethered to gidrestogadris, β.; confedered to|gyder, Cx.hir husbond, Cx.agayne, Cx.puysonde, γ.begeten, Cx.Galericus] om. Cx.shapen, Cx.
THOLOMEUS Euergetes, Philadelphius his broþer, was þe þridde [kyng]soster, γ.slayn, Cx., et infra.destruyede, β.; destruyde, γ.good, Cx.of] om. Cx.mametes, γ.Selenchus, Cx., et infra.fledde, Cx.neiȝ, β.taken, Cx.born, Cx.Cato, Cx.Trevisa. Questor is he þat gadreþ tributgadred trybute, Cx.tresour, Cx.churles, Cx.pardneres, β.; gyllours and pardeners, γ.history, Cx.dwellyd, Cx.and was content with the service of a, Cx.sorowe, Cx.Eutropius, libro 2o. AbouteAboute an fourty, γ.of] om. Cx.passiden, β.slayne, Cx., ut passim.callyd, Cx.swar, Cx.gurdles, γ.; gurdels, Cx.er, β.; till, Cx.bifille, β.Emilus, γ. and Cx.dude, γ.; putte, Cx.capitoil, β.; capitoyl, γ.; capy|toyle, Cx.of Rome . . . whanne] om. β., γ., and Cx.For whanne] om. α.bygan, Cx.Eupator, β. and γ.Eupator, otherwise callyd, Cx.also] om. Cx.that be redde, Cx.Trogus, libro 30o. Þis TholomeusPtholomeus, α.lecherye, Cx.childrens nicete, Cx.manslauȝt, β. and γ.peres, β. and γ.; peeres, Cx.spende, β. and Cx.hourdom, γ.; hoerdome, Cx.harlattes, Cx.han, Cx.nadde, α., β., and Cx.; nad, γ.hoost, Cx.huyred, β; yhuyred, γ.huyred oute of Grece, Cx.he] om. α.; This Tholomeus, β. and Cx.of age, Cx.bygoten, Cx.an] om. Cx.Eutropius, libro 3o. Þat ȝere bygan þe secounde bataille þatcalled, Cx.more overcome, α. and Cx.than they were quytte, Cx.Amilcarus, β.; Amilcaris sonne, Cx.sworn, Cx.auctres, β. and γ.twenty, Cx.bisegide, β.; bysegede eyȝte monthes S., γ.; besieged Saguntin, Cx.fayrste, γ.sente a messager, Cx.prayer, Cx.ys, γ.messager, Cx.broken, Cx.siȝ, β.; sawe, Cx.Saguntin, Cx.gretely agreved, Cx.counceiled, β.; consailde, γ.yelde it up, Cx.ryches, Cx.ascape, β.; shold escape, Cx.hem silf alyve, β.; hamsylf a lyve, γ.; themself a lyve, Cx.advysed, Cx.a grete fire, Cx.the, Cx.Astrubal, Cx.of] om. Cx.springgyng, γ.passed byfore, Cx.Orosius. Þanne Hanibal passede þe hilles Pireneus,Pirenes, β. and γ., et infra; Pyrenes, Cx., et infra.yre, γ.and wiþ fuyre] om. β., γ., and Cx.among] om. β., γ., and Cx. rightly.a] om. Cx.asset, γ.hym] om. γ.amonge þe cruel peple] om. α., β., γ., and Cx.Appenninus, Cx.olyfauntes, Cx.Trevisa. Pyrenus is an hiȝe hille of Spayne, and meny sighhyȝ, α. and γ.; heiȝ, β.; hyghe, Cx.Pireni, β. and Cx.Penitus hilles, β. and Cx.Eutropius. Þeþo, β. and γ.; Tho, Cx.feered, Cx.Alpes, Cx.risen, Cx.Falisces, γ. and Cx.cloven, Cx.forth to Spayne, Cx.bent, β. and γ.hooste, Cx., et infra.wiþ his ost, added here in γ.Crema, α., β., γ., and Cx.bent, β.; beot, γ.scomfyt, Cx.Scicilia, β. and Cx.Titus. Þere was so harde fiȝtinge þat þe fiȝtinge men wostewist, β.; wuste, γ.; wyst, Cx.clef, β.; and clyf and hulles, γ.; claf, Cx.Eutro|pius, libro 3o. At þe fifteAtte fyveþe, β.Fabius, α., β., and Cx.pavilons, Cx.þe] om. α., β., γ., and Cx.pryvate, Cx.wodes, β., γ., and Cx.sixete, α.Paulus and Publius, α., β., γ., and Cx.Varro, β., γ., and Cx.fraward, γ.cruwel, β.taryyng, γ.dide, Cx.streyte of Apulea, Cx.slayne, Cx.the] om. α., β., γ., and Cx.have used, Cx.gone, Cx.þe] þat, γ.Titus. Þere was so grete slauȝterslauȝt, γ.bade, β.; bad, Cx.þat Hanybal heet spare þe fyȝ|tyng, γ.Eutropius. FarroVarro, β., γ., and Cx.no, β., γ., and Cx.hem, Cx.schamede, α.his berde nor his heede, Cx.et, γ.siȝ, β.; ar he syȝ, γ.; til he sawe, Cx.on, Cx.as] om. Cx.seen byfore, Cx.men of werre made, Cx.Orosius. Also proletarii,prolitarii, γ.; poletarii, Cx.for] om. Cx.þan, β. and Cx.sawe than, Cx.unwys, γ.for than the knyghtes ne the senatoures were not wyse, ne couth not other craft, Cx.Eutropius. Andwhanne, added here in γ.þe Romayns] hy, γ.answeriden, β.bourges, Cx.taken armed, Cx.boyschels, γ.gold, Cx.Titus. Þoþanne, β.; Than, Cx.comyns, β.were soo born down, Cx.yre, γ.for] om. Cx.armures, β.; armours, Cx.in Rome] om. γ. and Cx.were] om. γ.and halewide, β.they, Cx.theyr, Cx.þo, α. and γ.; than they, Cx.templis, Cx.yn, Cx.they tresour, Cx.werrours, Cx.bade, Cx.comyns, β. et infra; comonte, Cx.alayed, Cx.in] om. Cx.þei, β.; they, Cx.out take, β. and γ.for, α., β., and Cx.campurnole, α.; camprenol, β. and Cx.; campernole, γ.done, Cx.wryte, β., γ., and Cx.Orosius, libro 4o. In þe tyme of [þe]asett, β.; asset, γ.; a sette, Cx.for do, Cx., an error.axiden, β.godas, γ., et infra.heet, α.; highte, Cx.messagiers, Cx.fech, γ.; fetche, Cx.hight Sibyle, Cx.messagyer, Cx.Delphicus] om. α., β., γ., and Cx.counceled, β.it, α., β., γ., and Cx.in] om. Cx.hight, Cx.Sibyle, Cx.to understande, Cx.goddesses, β. and Cx.; godasses, γ.heo het Beretincia, β.; Bere|tincia, γ., et infra; hight Bretnicia, Cx.of] om. Cx., in error.hight, Cx.whiche, Cx.is callid, Cx.Ovidius, Cx.fourth, Cx.godas, α. and γ.Beretincia, β.; Bretnicia, Cx.out] om. Cx.wasche, β.þe] om. Cx.Than, Cx.of, β., γ., and Cx.mynstracy, β. and γ.; nyce myn|stralcy, Cx.a mes, γ.; amens, Cx.of, Cx.hooste, Cx.hight, Cx.scheltrons, β.; scholtroms, γ.; sheltrons, Cx.on, β. and Cx.hawelstones, γ.hoostes, Cx.yshent, Cx.mighte holde, Cx.and fyghte in theyr tentes, Cx.schyverede, α.; cleered, β.; schuyrede, γ.; clered, Cx.he, α.ofte, Cx. bis.ofte, Cx. bis.grettre reyn and tempest, γ.þat, β.was] om. β.that efte compellyd, Cx.Eutropius. Þe mene tyme tweyne þat were i-sente to Spayne, eiþer heethight, Cx., ut semper.Astrubal, Cx., et infra.vyve, α.behighte, Cx.Sardonia, Cx., et infra.to] om. Cx.into] om. Cx.Sardens, Cx.Levinus, α., β., and Cx.; Levy|nus, γ.Scicilia, Cx.beot, γ.in] om. β. and Cx.fledde, Cx.hadde be victor, β.; hadde ybe victors, γ.; had be vyctor, Cx.hooste, Cx.Scipioes sone, β.; Scipions sonne, Cx.neiȝ, β.ferþe and twentyþe, γ.age, Cx.whome, Cx.drewe, Cx.bihet, β.; behighte, Cx.ȝuld, γ.pledges, Cx.hure, γ. bis.hure, γ. bis.foryave hir her raunsomme for her, Cx.this, Cx.Cartagilo, α., β., and γ.; Car|tagylo, Cx.triste not, Cx.holden, Cx.Astrubal, Cx., et infra.buschementis, β.; boyschemen|tes, γ.; enbuschementes, Cx.they slewe, Cx.hoost, Cx., ut semper.bourgeys, Cx.I founde and I cleped to gideres, α., β., and Cx.throwen byfore, Cx.sawe, Cx.fledde, Cx.Iosephus, libro 12o.
THOLOMEUS Epiphanes, þe fifte [kyng]Eupators sone, β.; Eupator, γ.; Eupaters sonne, Cx.Trogus, libro 30o.tercio, Cx.messares, β., γ., and Cx.hadden cast, β.that, β. and Cx.messagers, Cx.Iosephus, libro 12o. Þanne Ptholomeus waxwext, Cx.subgette, Cx.Eutropius, libro 3o. After þis þe grete Antiochus bycome Ptholomeus his frend, and wedded his douȝter Cleopatra to wyve,wyf, Cx.Fenicia, Cx.tribut] om. Cx.warnid, Cx.foryevenesse, Cx.seven, Cx.not only, Cx.Iosephus, libro 12o, capitulo 4o. Þis Iosephus wolde assayeessaye, Cx.Hilcanus, Cx.he] om. α., β., γ., and Cx.bytook, α.; bitoke, β.; bytok, γ.; bytoke, Cx.ere, Cx.tweye, α.; two, Cx.hudde, α.; hidde, Cx.tyed, Cx.fetche, Cx.oþer þe tiels] om. β. and Cx.but, Cx.greithe, α.þe] om. β., γ., and Cx.to kytte, Cx.teye, Cx.The kynges feste Tholomeus, γ.newely, Cx.riches, β. and Cx.for ȝiftes, β.; for yeftes, Cx., rightly.lesse, Cx.sente, α.; sende, β. and Cx.sayd, Cx.ynough, Cx.the, Cx.asked, Cx.behoved, Cx.sayd, Cx.complayned, Cx.dyde, Cx.kon noȝt, γ.; punysshyd that can not, Cx.ne make difference, Cx.delivered to hym, Cx.chepmen, γ.; marchauntes, Cx.by cause, Cx.sett, β.; ysette, γ.; sette, Cx.japer sawe, Cx.lord kynge, Cx.receyver, Cx.loughe, Cx.sayd, Cx.þe, α., γ., and Cx.eten, Cx.ghestes done this daye, Cx.norysshed, Cx.On the morne, Cx.eche, Cx.Scarcely, Cx.thoughe, Cx.nouȝt] om. Cx.the natyvyte, Cx.mayde, Cx.and eche, Cx.hir] om. B.; hys, γ. (by mis|take.)hym, α. and Cx.commendacion, Cx.wrothe, Cx.elþer, γ.brether, Cx.at, Cx.werred, Cx.Trevisa. TakeTaak, α.weighte, Cx.or, Cx., bis.or, Cx., bis.be, Cx.of] om. Cx.þe myddel, β., γ., rightly; the moost, Cx.þe moste, β., γ., rightly; þe middle, Cx.flym, β.; flome, Cx.drad the cruelte, Cx.Tholomeus, Cx.whiche, Cx.and] om. α.þere] om. Cx.Amnorus, β.; Annorus, γ.; subgett Ammorus duc of thaffres, Cx.Syphaces, Cx.boden, Cx.for] om. Cx.retorne, Cx.retorned, Cx.soore weping, Cx.distried, β.thaffres, Cx., et infra.they, Cx.they, Cx.they, Cx.alle, Cx.fleme, α., β., and γ.; banysshed, Cx.espye Scipions, Cx.ease, Cx.fyghtynge, Cx.these two dukes, Cx.vyctorye, Cx.agayne, Cx.callyd, Cx.was i-doo and] om α., β., and Cx.Plantus, Cx.grond atte queorne, γ.; grande atte, Cx.bakar for hyre for hongre, Cx.wrote, Cx.sayd, Cx.battell, Cx.twey, Cx.Lacedomonia, Cx.before, Cx.Romaines werrid, Cx.nyghe, Cx.held, Cx.cause] om. α.; cause he, om. β., γ., and Cx.Eutropius, libro 4o. Antiochus sighsaw, Cx.messagers, Cx.counsails, α.; in his counseyll, Cx.conseyll that was bycause he, Cx.forsake, α. and Cx.by] om. β. and Cx.werry, γ.; warre, Cx.may not, Cx.ben, Cx., et infra.ben, Cx., et infra.speke, Cx.though, Cx.was, Cx.alowed, Cx., et infra.bagbyters, Cx.alowed, Cx., et infra.hoost, Cx.Than, Cx.he] om. Cx.; althouȝte, γ.forthought that he dydde, Cx.Eutropius, libro 4o. For Phelip kyng of Macedonia halphalpe, Cx.hoome ayene, Cx.hight, Cx.Antiochus and] om. Cx.þerfor, γ.yave, Cx.pledge, Cx.elþer, γ.Selencus, Cx.mount, Cx.eggyde, Cx.counceiled, β.; counseylde, Cx.Trogus, libro 32o. Þe mene tyme, whan EumenesEmnenes, Cx.helped, Cx.sleiȝþe, β.; sleght, Cx.and agrysed] om. Cx.messagers, Cx.and hem] om. β. and γ.atoon, γ.; at one, Cx.for to have, Cx.bytrayed by ymagynacion of his owne, Cx.nouther, Cx.owne] om. α. and Cx.Orosius, libro 4o, seiþ þat þe ilond þat hattecalled, Cx.byfore seen, Cx.Scicilia, Cx.unto, Cx.Policratica, libro 6o. Of þis Hanibal it is i-radredde, Cx.rialich, β.; hoost royally arayed, Cx.aray, Cx.sayde, Cx.ynowgh though, Cx.of, β.hoost, Cx.Plinius, libro 8o, capitulo 8o. Hanibal ofte, whanne he hadde þe maistrie, compelledecompellid, Cx.promysed one, Cx.cast, Cx.Policratica, libro primo. Hanibal seide þat he was nouȝt worþy his lyf þat myȝte be compelled to
sothly, Cx.byfore, Cx.diffame, Cx.of, Cx.aferde, Cx.Eutropius, libro 4o. Þat ȝere Scipio Affricanus deide at Amitern, andthat, β. and Cx.exyled, Cx.Valerius, libro 8o.o] om. Cx.subgette, Cx.only, Cx.covetous neyther, Cx.Asia, α., β., and Cx.Salustius. Þis Scipio sighsawe, Cx.gayly arayed, Cx.Valerius. Emila, Scipio his wif,Scipions wyf, Cx.goodly that though, Cx.weoste, γ.rese, β. and γ.; reese, Cx.obsteyned, Cx.veniaunce, β.woman, β.here, α.; hir, β. and Cx.Policratica. Scipio deyde, and or|deyned suche a writynge on his tombe at þe citee Palus|tres: "Þou unkynde contray, fong þou nouȝtreceyve thou not, Cx.Augustinus de Civitate [Dei],libro primo. Scipio Nasica toforebyfore, Cx.forbade the settynge up or en|hauncyng of the, Cx.enemye, Cx.norysshe slouthe and lechery, Cx.pleded, β. and Cx.he made] om. Cx.; þat added after made in β.sotels, β.; sotles, γ.subtylytees were done thens, Cx.myrthes, Cx.fourty, α. and Cx.; xlviii., β.seyn, Cx.shapen, Cx.vp in, Cx.pulput, γ.poysries, β.; poisies, Cx.mynystrals, Cx.confortede, γ.; countrefayted, Cx.lymmes, Cx.Augustinus, libro primo, capitulo 31o. Þis pleyes þat were i-cleped Ludycalled ludi, Cx.devyl, Cx.exyted, Cx.hure, γ.theatre, Cx.Augustinus, libro 4o., capitulo 25o. But in passynge of tyme a cherle þat heetchorle called, Cx.dreame, Cx.pleyȝes, α.; playes, Cx.callyd, Cx.were first i-ordeyned] om. β., γ., and Cx.dyd, Cx., et infra.dyd, Cx., et infra.felle, Cx.wel] om. Cx.till, Cx.by counsaile . . . counsaille of his frendes] om. β. and Cx.by counsaille of his frendes] om. α. and γ.werþe, β.; a werþ, γ.al] om. Cx.hoole wonder sodenly, β. and Cx.; hool wonder sodeynlych, γ.the, Cx.spende, α. and Cx.foure suche, Cx.suche] om. Cx.for] om. Cx.churles, Cx.Petrus, 204. Þe greet Seleucus Sother, þe grete Antiochus his sone, regned in Siria and in Asia twelve ȝere; for his fader was i-slaweslayne, Cx.throwen, Cx.traytorly by preestes, Cx.gylede, α.; bygyled, Cx.yn, α.promysed, Cx.
PTHOLOMEUSTholomeus, Cx., et infra.Petrus, 205. Þat tymePetrus, 205. þat tyme] om. β. and Cx. (not γ.)preest, Cx.presthode, Cx.duc of Fenicia, Cx.for] om. Cx.aroos, Cx.prevy, Cx.meaneth, Cx.lykenesse, Cx.schewide, β.; shewed him, Cx.Iosephus, libro 2o.o] γ. and Cx.Siraks sonne, Cx.book callyd, Cx.called it panerethon, Cx.Aristobus, Cx.philosofre] om. Cx.Aristotles loore, Cx.an] om. Cx.Eutropius, libro 4o. Þat ȝere deidedyed, Cx.slewe, Cx.Grekes, Cx.dyde, Cx.though, Cx.relesched, β.; relecede, γ.; releesed, Cx.wonte, Cx.promysed, Cx.Macedones, Cx.werriden, β.; warrydde, Cx.Trogus, libro 33o. In þis fiȝtinge oon Menynus,Menninus, Cx.advocates sone, Cx.wonder] om. Cx.mightely, Cx.smiten, Cx.defended, Cx.sheld, Cx.hoostes, Cx.sidde, Cx.orpud liche, α.; orpedly, Cx.fyll, Cx.Ysidorus, libro 6o. þis inserted in β.; þes inserted in γ.Grece, Cx,Cezar chargith, Cx.Varro, β. and Cx.volumes, Cx., et infra.byfore, Cx.pledge, Cx.nycete, Cx.Sciria, Cx.pryvely, Cx.though, Cx.escaped, Cx.godely, Cx.þerfore] om. Cx.worþy and noble and semeliche, α. and Cx.Tholomeus, Cx., et infra.wolde by that rejoyse Egypte, Cx.sawe, Cx.upon, Cx.slaine, Cx.þe] om. Cx.ayene, Cx.besyeged, Cx.Trogus, libro 34o. AndAnd] om. Cx.messagyers, Cx.for] om. Cx.þe] om. Cx.dyd her, Cx.chargeth, Cx.theyr, Cx.respyte] from Cx.Publius, Cx.sande, Cx.chargith, Cx.commaunde, Cx.er, Cx.yeuen, Cx.sayd, Cx.yche, α.; I, Cx.Jewry, Cx.many evyl tornes, Cx.buylde, Cx.like, Cx.a folfulde, γ.aulter, Cx.unto, Cx.Vaspasianus, Cx.þat, α., β., and Cx.þe] om. α. and Cx.Johan, Cx.stryven byfore, Cx.callad, Cx.named Menelaus, Cxhous, α.; houre hous, γ.; harlattes howses, Cx.uncircumcided, α., β., γ., and Cx.self] om. γ.counseyled, Cx.purpoos, Cx.Petrus, 26o capitulo.o, α., β., γ., and Cx.prystehode, Cx.sacryfyce acquenchid, Cx.byfore, Cx.he offreþ, α., β., γ.; he offred, Cx.toke, Cx.stone, Cx.sette Jupiter, Cx.forbeodeþ, γ.forbade the sacryfyce, Cx.put, Cx.hated, Cx.brether, Cx.and, α., β., γ., and Cx.preest, Cx.awreked, Cx.cheventayn, α., γ.; capteyne, Cx.Petrus, 207. Mathatias tauȝte þe Iewes to fiȝte inon, Cx.one, Cx.counseylour, Cx.kepeþ þe lawes and] om. α., β., and Cx.hoost, Cx.evyl, Cx.Scipions tombe, Cx.kept, Cx.Appolinus duc of Cx.Lisia . . . lederes] om. α, γ., and Cx. rightly.norysshed, Cx.Tholomeus, Cx.Nycanor, Cx.growen, Cx.moneth, Cx.named Eucennia, Cx.Petrus, 211. Antiochus was schameliche i-chasedshamely chaced, Cx.Jewry, Cx.manaced, Cx.antarus,β.; antarrus, γ. and Cx.bowels, Cx.felle, Cx.chare, Cx.sprang, α., β., γ.; sprange, Cx.hooste, Cx.defowled, Cx.delyverd, Cx.peer, Cx., et infra.subgette, Cx.mountaynes, α.; monteyns, γ. montaynes, Cx.forsayd, Cx.juys, γ.beryes, γ. and Cx.Petrus, 230.o, α., β., γ., and Cx.
DEMETRIUS Sother, SeleuchusSelencus, Cx., passim.of] om. α.to] om. Cx.for] om. Cx.accuse his uncle, Cx.this uncle, Cx.receyved, Cx.oost, α.; hoost, Cx.Licia, Cx.for] om. Cx.Alchimius, α., β., γ., and Cx.made preest of Arons, Cx.Iudas] om. Cx.Jewry, Cx.slayne, Cx.hanged, Cx.prowdly, Cx.connexed in frendship with, Cx.wryten, Cx.slayne, Cx., et infra.roos, Cx.palesie, Cx.and, α. and Cx.quiete, Cx.confered, α.; and confedred, Cx.nyȝen, α.fledde, Cx., et infra.byfore yeven, Cx.traytorliche, β.þe . . . and] om. β.traytouresly occupiede Alisaun|dre his citees, entrede into Antiochia, α., γ.; traytrely occupyed Alysanders cytees, entred into Antiochia, Cx.toke on hym twey dyademes, Cx.and fliȝ] om. α.wiþ his sone A. to h. m. kyn., γ.; Cx. has, with his sonne Antiochus to his moders cosyns.Tholomeus, Cx.Petrus, 219. Ionathas was accused to Demetrius þat he hadde i-wonne þe tour in Ierusalem, but he sente grete ȝiftes to Demetrius, and gat grace of hym, so þat he hadde renewed þe principalteprincipate, α. β., γ., and Cx.presthode, Cx.Demetrius, β. and Cx.lette his hoost, Cx.heelde, Cx.a straunge hooste, β. and Cx.; strange, γ.chosen, β. and Cx.; chose, γ.chastede, γ.; chacede, Cx.wente] om. Cx. wrongly.thens the yong, Cx.purpre and laces, Cx.duc, Cx.Eutropius, libro 4o. Þe þridde bataille Punicum aroos. For whanne þe men of Cartage hadde i-doo away hiretheyr, Cx.her, Cx.hem forthought, β. and Cx.laked, Cx.armour, Cx.Astrubal, Cx.Scipions nevewe, Cx.fyre, Cx.brande, γ.togeders, Cx.asshes, Cx.pouther, α.; pouþere,the, Cx.bylde, Cx.forto acounte] om. γ.David þis, β.Danidris tyme, so woll, Cx.þe] om. α. and Cx.Orosius, libro 4o. Þanne kyng Asdrubal his wif for manlichemanly . . . womanly, Cx.manly . . . womanly, Cx.fyre, Cx.Augustinus, primo libro, capitulo 29o. Whanne þe þridde bataille Puny|cum was i-ended, Marcus Cato counsailledeþe contrarye and wil nouȝt as|sente. These words are wrongly in|serted in MS. after the first coun|saillede, as well as after the second.Cartage, α., β., γ., and Cx.counseylled, Cx.wolde not, Cx.cytezeins, Cx.þeeþe, β.; þeofthe, γ.theyr, Cx.cytezeyns, Cx.chasted, γ; chasede, Cx.
PTHOLOMEUSTholomeus, Cx.Numantanes, Cx.subget, Cx.escaped, Cx.nouȝt] om. β., γ., and Cx.that was called Tiresus, Cx.Acorde . . . destroyed] om. Cx. in error.Petrus, 22o. Try|phon desirede forto regne, and caste forto slee Antiochus, but he dreddedrad, Cx.begyled, Cx.traytorly, Cx.twey, Cx.slewe, Cx.wreth of Tryphon, Cx.But, Cx.slayne, Cx.Arsaces, α., β., γ., and Cx.flygh, Cx.þe] om. Cx.duc, Cx.side] om. Cx.Jewry, Cx.was put abak, Cx.renewyd, Cx.ben the Lacedomones, Cx.shelde, Cx.mnas (blank) mna, α.; mnas. Trevisa mna, β., γ., and Cx. rightly.weiȝte] om. Cx.Grekes, Cx.menus, Cx.ciclus, Cx.þe] om. Cx.eyres, β.; heyr, γ. and Cx.Petrus 225, β., γ., and Cx.Tholomeus duc, Cx., et infra.Iohan, Cx.pursuede . . . besieged, Cx.and] om. Cx.Iohannes, Cx.byfore, Cx.oune yen, γ.; Iohannes eyen, Iohan, Cx.besieged, Cx.Iohan, Cx.Dauiþis, β.; Davithis, Cx.forto goo away, α. and Cx.that, β. and Cx.soker, β.socours for poure, Cx.ceese, β. and Cx.; cese, γ.grochgede, γ.; grutchyde, Cx.Iohan, Cx.Orosius, libro 5o. Þat tyme was so grete [multitude of greet]flyes, Cx.gnouȝ, β.; agnouȝ, γ.; ete, Cx.and, α., β., and γ.huples, γ.; heepis, Cx.alond, β.cleues, γ.; clyffes, Cx.smel, Cx.slewe, Cx.Munydia, γ.and, α. and Cx.þe] om. Cx.dede, Cx.bylde, Cx.theder, Cx.Iohan, Cx.destroyed, Cx.þei, β.; they, Cx.Varro, Cx.Orosius, libro 5o, et Augustinus, libro 3o. Þe hil mount Ethna brendbrand, β.; brent, Cx.wond, γ.; wonte, Cx.afier, β.burdes, α.aer, α.; wiþ hote ayr, β.; wiþ hote aer, γ.; eyer, Cx.relesched, β.; relesshed, Cx.her, β.
PTHOLOMEUSTholomeus, Cx.in, Cx.Valerius. He kepte bestes in his ȝouþe, and rulede þe empereempyre, Cx.plentuos, γ.This, β. and Cx.wytte, Cx.chyef, Cx.clerely, Cx.enorned, Cx.fayre, α.; fair, γ.; fayr, Cx.facunde, sayd, Cx.subtylly, Cx.shale, Cx.Policratica, libro 5o, capitulo 6o. Cithero wolde somtyme biggebye, β. and Cx.; bugge, γ.palys, β.; palays, Cx.Sillareus, γ.; Scilla, Cx.ywryed, α.; wryed, β. and Cx.er, Cx.receyved, Cx.bye, Cx., et infra.sayd, Cx., et infra.putte, Cx.be, Cx.knowe not that byers forsake yf they wole ought bye and make, Cx.no thinge, Cx.teurne, γ.of] om. Cx.ony, Cx.Ieronimus ad Nepocianum. Me seide som|tyme of oon to Tullius in þis manere: "DemostenesDemostenes] om. α. It is written twice over in the MS.nouȝt, α.; not, Cx.bynom, Cx.sayth, Cx.hym self] om. Cx.o de divinatione. Liber Hortensibus, foure Achademicis,Archademicis, Cx.Tusculanis, γ. and Cx.Titus. SexeSixe, β. and γ.; Six, Cx.byldyng, Cx.that, β. and Cx.that, β. and Cx.endured, Cx.fourtenyȝt, α; fort nyȝt, γ.; unto nyght, Cx.his side] om. Cx.perceyved, Cx.slayne, Cx.fil, β.Petrus, capitulo 13o.o, α. and Cx.Johan, Cx.Jewry, Cx.was called, Cx.that, β. and Cx.yong, Cx.one, Cx.þat . . . kyngdom] om. Cx. wrongly.Jewry, Cx.owne] om. β. and Cx.lye, Cx.unto, Cx.the, Cx.Petrus, capitulo 5o. Whan þis Aristobolus was dede, his wif þat hadde no childe by hym tooktoke, Cx.elþer, γ.Iammeus, β. and Cx.; Iam|neus, γ.bandes, Cx.ful evil, β. and Cx.pryvely, Cx.In] β. has the and the full stop after ȝere.his] om. Cx.evyl, Cx.on, Cx.and he, β.; yf he, Cx.here] om. Cx.childre, Cx.weste, γ.heo, β.bifore wonne, Cx.heo, β.malyce, Cx.tyrannye, Cx.duc, Cx.Munidia, γ. and Cx.slew, Cx.Cimbres, β. and Cx.Catulus, Cx.of hem] om, Cx.Tholomeus, Cx., et infra.Tholomeus, Cx., et infra.chasid, Cx.Ciprys, β.; Cyprys, Cx.yborn, Cx.werþ, α., β., γ., and Cx.wode, Cx.wodenese, Cx.Cythero, Cx.Eutropius, libro 5o. Þe kyngdom of Siria faillede,faylyd, Cx.fil, β.; ful γ.fyl to the lordship, Cx.Marses, β. and Cx.were, Cx.he, α.Scylla, Cx.Pompeius, Cx.
PTHOLOMEUSTholomeus, Cx., et infra.recuerede, γ.; rekeverd, Cx.slayn, Cx.Tholomeus, Cx., et infra.cyteȝeyns, Cx.Tholomeus, Cx., et infra.wryte, Cx.seen, Cx. et infra.dredfol, γ.closter, α.; clouster, γ.; clustre, Cx.fyre, Cx.Aretines, β.; Aritines, Cx.loves, β., γ., and Cx.togyder, Cx.hawl, β.; hawel, γ.ymelled, γ.erth, Cx.ley, β. and γ.; leyhe, Cx.fire, α.seen, Cx., et infra.wonte, Cx.liswe, γ.stabels and lesow and fledde, Cx.forsoke, Cx.Orosius, libro 5o. In a pleynplayne, Cx.seen, Cx., et infra.shiltrons and hoostes, Cx.togeder, Cx.hurlyng, Cx.togedres, α.; togeder, Cx.armour, Cx.forows, Cx.horses, Cx.afterward] om. Cx.called, Cx.germains, Cx.was named, Cx.Agractus, γ.lawe called agaria, Cx.mennes feldes, Cx.lyvynge, Cx.ony, Cx.jantil, γ.dyde, Cx.Gractus, γ.on, Cx.axed, Cx.axed openly, Cx.jentyl, α.; jantil, γ.moeved, Cx.gobettis, β.gobuns, γ.; gobettes of chayres, Cx.fourmes, Cx.slayne, Cx.13-13aȝenst . . . Campania] om. Cx.releef, α. and Cx.; relef, β.called, Cx.profered, β. and Cx.for] om. Cx.woste, α.; wuste, γ.; wyste, Cx.tourned, Cx.legyons, Cx.messager, Cx.fyre, Cx.besieged, Cx.ydel, β.; fondede an ydel, γ.meve, β.; atte last Marius ymagyned to fynde a mean to meove, Cx.comonte, Cx.þurste, α. and γ.men] om. α.slayne and unneth escaped hym self, Cx.in] om. α.marreys, β.; mareys, γ.to, α.fled and tourned to marreys and to wattry, Cx.herodes, Cx.Cunbres, Cx., et infra.emprisoned, Cx.goddes, β. and Cx.lyghte shone, Cx.in, Cx.fayled and shoke, Cx.eyer, Cx.and . . . i-herde] wherwith, Cx.felle, Cx.doun] om. Cx.letten, Cx.libro 2o. Marius [was]fleme, γ.y-hyd, α.; hidde, Cx.Titus. Þis MarciusMarius, β.godas, α.; goddesse, Cx.worshiped, Cx.hir, Cx.afouz, γ.thoffyce, Cx.in] om. α., γ., and Cx.thyrten, Cx.Ianuar, Cx.receiven the aray fyrst of consul, Cx.moneth, Cx.on, Cx.comonte, Cx.made his hoost, Cx.was, Cx.to] om. Cx.Cinna, Cx.into] om. Cx.Augustinus de Civitate. Also Marius made Octavius þe con|sul
be smyten, Cx.comune, Cx.be sette up, Cx.for, α. and Cx.þeron] on, Cx.bourgeys were wonte, Cx.there myry, Cx.called, Cx.he made, β. and Cx.jantil, γ., et infra.slayne, Cx.Titus. Marius was so cruel þat meny men hadde levere slee hem self þan come in Marius his honde. Þerfore Catulus þe consul drank venym, and Merula, Iupiter hisJupiters, Cx.kytte, Cx.owne] om. Cx.bled, Cx.anon to] om. Cx.deth, Cx.bade, Cx.though, Cx.presence, Cx.gentelmen, Cx.Grece and prayd, Cx.comynte, Cx.Eutropius.]one, Cx.his] om. Cx.slayn, Cx.wattry, Cx.knowen, β. and Cx.prayd, Cx.assented and graunted, Cx.lesse perylle byhynde, Cx.savelokr, γ.; more savely, Cx.sycurere, α.; sicurer, β.; surer,þe civel, α.; the civile, Cx.exyled, Cx.Quintus, Cx.openly, Cx.shal, Cx.slee, Cx.Augus|tinus, libro 3o, capitulo 24o. For Silla þoothan, β. and Cx.for] om. Cx.for] om. Cx.wrath, Cx.in punschynge] om. Cx.comonte, Cx.they, Cx.unpunysshed, Cx.Eutropius. Þis civile batayle durede
of] om. Cx.Edelicies, α., β., and γ.; Edyli|cies, Cx.and every batayll was called, Cx.fauctours, Cx.Catilini, γ.; Catelina, Cx.comente, Cx.a.sixth, Cx.Eutropius. After þis Silla tornede aȝen, and hadde worschipfullicheworschipliche, α. and β.; wor|shipfully, Cx.Trogus, libro 37o. Metridas, [Metridas]Metridas þat was Metridas heys sone, γ.rebell, Cx.kyn his, α.; kyn hys, γ.aweytes, β. and γ.slayne, Cx.taken, Cx.play, Cx.made, γ.of þe] ofte, β.ofte medycynes, γ.; ofte medy|cynes of treacle, Cx.yougth, Cx.goo, Cx.ne, Cx.montaynes, Cx.ofte, and insert it here.eornyng, γ.stidefast, β.; studefast, γ. stydfast, Cx.travayle, α.; travayl, Cx.tendure, Cx.þe] om. α. and Cx.chastysed the Scites, Cx.byfore, Cx.sleyght, Cx.pryvely, Cx.espyed, Cx.countrees, Cx.copyner, β. and Cx.; copener, γ.ordeygned, Cx.comen, β. and Cx.wiþ, γ.eornynge, γ.or, β. and Cx.hoost to use, Cx.connynge, Cx.studefast, γ.; stydfaste, Cx.despysed the manase, Cx.husband, Cx., et infra.heo, β.ful, γ.husband fell in ony peryll, Cx.hir, β.fledde, Cx.heo, β.ful, β. and Cx.Giraldus. As ofte as þeþe] om. Cx.Sylla, Cx.Babyloyne, Cx.peesed, β.pleased the Scites, Cx.and wan Asia] om. α., β., γ., and Cx.subgett, Cx.stretche streyht unto, Cx.Ephesus, β.þoo α.; Than, Cx.due byfore, Cx.Grece, Cx., et infra.of] om. Cx.have dyed, Cx.brente with fyre, Cx.
THOLOMEUSPtholomeus, Cx.his] om. β.rethoricien, Cx.was in prosperyte, Cx.Sylla, Cx.brake the peas, Cx.fyȝters, α. and γ,; fizters, β.; fyghters, Cx.spousbruche, γ.brake spousage and dide lechery, Cx.Apulia, α.; Apulea, Cx.Alexandra, Cx.otherwyse called, Cx.counseyll of the Phareseys, Cx.Eutropius, libro 6o. Virgil Marro is i-bore nyh to Mantua.Mantina, β.Scymmers, β.; skumors and se þeoves, γ.; Scomers, Cx.non syker, γ.; sure saylyng, Cx.chastysed, Cx.skumeres, α.; þeeves, β.; skumors, γ.; theves, Cx.received, Cx.seued, β.in his fliȝt] om. Cx.fledde, Cx.from] om. Cx.nyȝte, α. and β.; nyghte, Cx.castels, Cx.toke from him, Cx.Trevisa.Trevisa . . . storie] om. β. and Cx.Trevisa . . . storie] om. β. and Cx.fledde, Cx.wel] om. Cx.his, Cx.soore ferd, Cx.ful, γ.hoost, Cx.for] om. Cx.besieged, Cx.Gofforn, Cx.cryed, α. and Cx.huyre, γ., et infra.myghte, Cx.huyre, γ., et infra.foys, γ.not dye, Cx.Mar., libro primo. Þe ȝere of Ptholomeus six|tene, Oracius þe poete satiricus and liricus was i-borewere born, Cx.Venusia, γ.; Venacia, Cx.Trevisa. Here take hede þat sommatier, Cx.be specially called, Cx.Percius, Cx.Petrus. Whanne [that]Alexandre, Cx.stryve, α.; stryven, Cx.thempire, Cx.werry, γ.Jewry, Cx.Pompeius, Cx., et infra.moneth, Cx.of] om. Cx.feye, β.; fey, γ.; theyr othes, Cx.prysthode, Cx.Scaurus, γ.had be byfore, Cx.for, added from β.stabuled his horses, Cx.in] om. Cx.spede, α., γ., and Cx.ward] om. Cx.was, Cx.Eutro|pius,
libro 2o.sexto, Cx.realich, β.; realych, γ.; fough|ten ryally, Cx.byfore, Cx.his, α. and Cx.; his chaar, β.Flactus, Cx.Venusye, Cx.Catelina, Cx.scherewed, γ.; shrewde, Cx.and] om. Cx.right stronge to, Cx.Cythero, Cx.afterward slayne, Cx.is named, Cx.Catelinus conspyracy, Cx.Libius, β. and γ.Cremona, Cx.jugged, β. and Cx.Grece, Cx.in every side] om. α., β., γ. and Cx.Trevisa. Here Galles beeþ i-cleped men of Gallia. Gallia is i-closed wiþ þre noble watres, wiþ þe Ryne and þe RooneRine . . . Rone, Cx.acompted, Cx.speke comonly, Cx.be ofte . . . Fraunce is, in error, written twice over in the MS.conteyned, Cx.reme, γ.countrees, Cx.unto, Cx.Rone, Cx.Germaynes, Cx.Ryne, Cx.brugge, γ.and wan, α. and β.; and wanne, Cx.pledges, Cx.byfore, Cx.cam J. C. to wynne, Cx.be, Cx.only, Cx.of] om. Cx.sayles, Cx.sayled, Cx.right, Cx.a grete, Cx.aloste, α.chaced, Cx.pyghte, Cx.Temse, β. and γ.; Thamys, Cx.þeiȝ, β.; þyȝ, γ.sette, Cx.ȝut, γ.war, Cx.sleyght, Cx.receyved, Cx.in, α.called, Cx.Andragius and Teamnicius, Cx.governe the royamme, Cx.reume, α.Tenuacius, MS.; Temancius, Cx.his] om. Cx.ago, β.Pompeius, Cx., et infra.Gabynus deth, Cx.chastsey the Parches, Cx.waxen rebelle, Cx.journeye, Cx.Perches, Cx.melt, β. and Cx.powred, Cx.it] om. β.art] om. α.thou Romayne art a thyrste, β. and Cx.Cleopatra.Cleopatra] om. β. and Cx.
CLEOPATRA, þe douȝter of PtholomeusTholomeus, Cx.emperice, β.; empryce, Cx.byfore, Cx.after, Cx., wrongly. So also β.Octavianus, Cx.Giraldus. For Iulius whan [that]dewe, β. and Cx.consuls, Cx.lete, α.; bade, β. and Cx.hoost, Cx., et infra.Eutropius, libro 6o. And by auctorite of Marcellus þe consul,wiþ seide . . . oost]. These words out of the previous sentence are here wrongly repeated by the scribe in MS.commandement, Cx.Luceria, β., γ., and Cx. The MS. γ. is very much injured in this portion.Suetus.Suetonius, α., β. and Cx.somme, Cx.som two ȝere] om. Cx.chyef, Cx.comonte, Cx., et infra.fylle, Cx.yfere, β.; togeder, Cx.Pompeius, Cx., et infra.Trevisa. In þe fyve and twenty chapi|tre of þe firste book hit is i-write þat somtyme [the]þei, β.; they, Cx.callyd, Cx.werrye, α. and β.Parches, Cx.by trayson, Cx.þere] om. α. and Cx.Allobrogues, men of Burgoyne, subget, Cx.helde, Cx.warryd, Cx.worship, Cx., et infra.holden, Cx.was called, Cx.Eutropius, libro 6o. ÞoThan, Cx.fledde, Cx.Grece, Cx.as hit were into a citee þat is voyd, and brak þe comoun tresorye, α., β. and Cx.Orosius, libro 6o. Iulius took foure þowsand pounde of gold [and]Eutro|pius. And in liknesse of pees he occupiede þe dignitees everichon, and wente þan in to Spayne, and þere he destroyede Pompeus his strengest oostes,strengthe hoostes, Cx.cheueteynes, β.; capytains, Cx.Grece, Cx.overcomen and chaced, Cx.folowe and pursue, Cx.pursewe, α.; pursue the chace, β.chace, Cx.Pompeius sheltron, Cx.of] om. Cx.nobley, β. and Cx.schetrone, β.; shiltron not fully, Cx.flyȝ, β.; fledde, Cx.flyȝ, β.; fledde, Cx.hym] om. Cx.sawe, Cx.wepte wel better teeris, Cx.forthwith, Cx.Tholomeus araied, Cx.boyschementes, γ.dreynte, Cx.helde, Cx.chatres, γ.with that other hande, Cx.eyther toke, Cx.easely, Cx.essay, Cx.and his hoost here, omitting the last four words of the sentence.were, Cx.distruyed, β.callyd, Cx.Hugucio, [capitulo Ianus].lupe, γ.bygan, Cx.unto, Cx.hys] om. β. and Cx.Januar' β. and Cx.Februar', β. and Cx.fully, γ. and Cx.bifore, β.; byfore, Cx.Quintilis, Cx.moneth, Cx., et infra.callid, Cx.dyde somme, Cx.som grete] om. Cx.worship, Cx.Eutropius. Cesar tornede
remeoved from, Cx.his] om. β. and Cx. This is general in these texts.batail, β.; batayl, γ.mayntened Pompeus aȝenes, β. and Cx.; Yholpe, P., γ.hy, γ.they slough, Cx.a, and Policratica, libro 7o, capitulo 6o spekeþ,speken, Cx.seye, Cx.yelde, Cx.alyve, Cx.o libro ad Severum: Cato lyvede nouȝt after fredom,freodom, γ. (bis).nowther, Cx.freodom, γ. (bis).his] om. β. and Cx. This is general in these texts.Platoes, β. and Cx.sawe, Cx.dye, Cx.for] om. Cx.a leche, β.his cure, β. and Cx.; salf, γ.owne] om. Cx.vrendes, γ.counseylled, Cx., et infra.counseylled, Cx., et infra.rather, Cx.for] om. Cx.by, β. and Cx.welthe, γ.; welth, Cx.anguyssh, Cx.disease and not, Cx.for] om. Cx.escape, Cx.Ennius, Cx.Grekis, β. and Cx.Emilius, β. and Cx.Utisensis, γ.; called Utycensis, Cx.callyd, Cx.Affryque, Cx.now, β.; speke nowe, Cx.in, β. and Cx.Jerom, β. and Cx.schamede, γ.Gru, γ.; Grece, Cx.hope and trust, Cx.heet, Cx.Trevisa. Stoyci hadde þat name of a porche of Athene þat heetcalled, Cx.peynted, β. and Cx.was named, Cx.science, Cx.vertuwes, γ.maners, Cx.lytle, Cx.drawen, Cx.þat hatte] om. Cx.lurneþ, γ.; lerne, Cx.Eutropius. After aan, Cx.and soon after went into Spayne, wher, Cx.right, Cx.there, Cx.fledde, Cx.childres, Cx.after, γ. and Cx.of age, Cx.turnede, β.; tourned, Cx.callyd, Cx.and þere . . . emperour] om. Cx.outragely, β.; outragelych, γ.and] om. β.Ysidorus, libro 9o.]i-] om. β.callyd, Cx.kit, γ.; kytte, Cx.moders, Cx.ykut, γ.an, β. and γ.Englisshe, om. Cx.an, γ.Englisshe, om. Cx.Eutropius. Whanne [Iulius]by, γ. and Cx.worship, Cx.dyde hym byfore, Cx.nouȝt] om. Cx.arise, β.; arryse, Cx.dyde, Cx.tyrauntryes, β.; tiraundys do|yngs, γ.; tyrannyes, Cx.costoms, γ.; custommes, Cx.horsmen and senatours, β. and Cx.was called, Cx.on, Cx.togeder, Cx.stykked thurgh, Cx.þurȝ, β.
Iulius wente to ward þe Capitoil, and fengereceyved, Cx.juggis, Cx. A common error of the versions, from reading iu|dices instead of indices.messager, Cx.gaderyng, β.; gadryng, γ. and Cx.sayde, Cx., et infra.astronomer, Cx.gadrynge, Cx.callyd, Cx.this, Cx.be, Cx.Ich, β. and γ.sayde, Cx., et infra.Ich, β.y, β.slayn, Cx.sweordes, γ.; alles, Cx.comyn contakeurs, γ.; comune contekkers or brawlers, Cx.Petrus. An hondredhondreth, Cx.bifore, Cx.fylle, Cx.clepyng, γ.the, Cx.byfore, Cx.gryslye, Cx.sternly opened, Cx.Also, β., γ., and Cx.after, β., γ., and Cx.togeder alle in oon sonne, Cx.lordschip, γ.come alle, Cx.Owther, Cx.verreylych, γ.; verely, Cx.plowe, Cx.prykked and dryven, Cx.in] om. γ.sayd, Cx.calle, Cx.neld, γ.; nylde, Cx.asshes, Cx.ybarnd, γ.writen, Cx.
℞. Also meny men write meny þinges andin, β., γ., and Cx.o, seiþ þat no man was pun|sched þat daypunysshed this daye, Cx.costlew, Cx.manlyker, γ.; more manly, Cx.grete losse, Cx.elleven, β.al] om. Cx.slayn, β.batails, β.; bataylis, Cx.Trevisa. Bellum civile is a batayle bytwene þe Romayns hem self, andwhanne, β.and some . . . oþere of Rome] om. Cx.in] om. β. and Cx.siþes, β. and Cx.redde, Cx.for] om. Cx.pystles, Cx.subget by armes, Cx.nolde, β.; nold, Cx.Plinius.]bade, β. and Cx.ȝeven, β. and Cx.byfore, Cx.sawe, Cx.ynowh, Cx.nolde, β.; nold, Cx.sawe, Cx.skylfol, γ.suffrans, γ.worship, Cx., et infra.hyryng, γ.takiþ, β.; takeþ, γ.; taketh, Cx.Plinius.Pol, libro iiio, β. and Cx.molde, γ. and Cx.beende, γ.polle, Cx.ypreved, γ.reproved of cowardyse byfore, Cx.sayd, Cx.lyghter, Cx.mury, γ. and Cx.knowen openly, Cx.paciently ynowh, Cx.kynne, Cx.called hym bakar, Cx.he louȝ] om. Cx.and.nothynge, Cx.mirie, β.; injury, γ.; only in|jurie, Cx.Plinius.]on, Cx.forbeod, γ.; forbade, Cx.and, β. and Cx.Ich not, β.; Shal I not, Cx.sayd, Cx.quod Cesar] om. Cx.connyng, γ.þan, β., γ., and Cx.streche out of, Cx.empyre, Cx.hulde, γ.; redde owther helde, Cx.Valerius.
collage, γ.; college, Cx.rise, β.gretter, β. and γ.; greter, Cx.þis sawe, β. and γ.; his sayenge, Cx.man, Cx.byfore, Cx.lyke, Cx.hym] om. γ.alyve, β. and Cx.on, Cx.versus, β. and Cx.
Apuleius. Þe conspiracie of Catelyn come out inby, Cx.nobley, β. and Cx.ygilt, β.; gilt, Cx.nowther roialle, Cx.avowrye, β. and Cx.; avowery, γ.pleded, β.by, Cx.gif . . . helpe] myȝht noȝt hym helpe, γ.preved him gilty, Cx.Salustius. Þere were tweie noble men, Marcus Cato and Gaius Iulius, wel nyhnighe, Cx.roiall, Cx.worship, Cx., et infra.and Iulius] om. Cx.that, Cx.ȝevynge of] om. γ.neody, γ.punisshynge, Cx.dedes, γ.araye, Cx.desirous triumphous and wor|ship, Cx.sternesse, Gx.strofe not, Cx.trayson, Cx.good] om. β., γ., and Cx.Gaufridus et Alfridus. Whanne Cas|sibelanus
Tenancius, β. and Cx.duc, Cx.was i-went] wente, Cx.; i-, om. β.; a-went, γ.Rome, β.
WHAN Iulius Cesar was i-slawe,slayn, β. and Cx.of age, Cx.persuwe, γ.þan demed, β. and Cx.comente, Cx.made insurrection ayenst, Cx.Octavius, β., γ., and Cx.on, Cx.kynrad, γ.heyre, Cx.Octovianus . . . wiþ] had Oc|tovianus, β.than had Octavianus the grete hoostes, Cx.commaundemente, Cx.þe] om. β.atte desyre, Cx.Lepidus, γ.yflowe, γ.; fledde, Cx.of age, Cx.þanne] om. β. and Cx.monethes, Cx.moneth, Cx.Antonius, β. and Cx.principate and lordship, Cx.Augustus, Cx.Hugo, capitulo Augeo.]only, Cx.for encreace or, Cx.comune profite, Cx., et infra.for a was, γ.moneth, Cx., et infra.þat hatte] om. Cx.his] om. β. This is general in this MS., and will not be noticed in future.Eutropius, libro 7o. Þanne Augustus þe firste ȝereȝere] om. Cx.empyre, Cx.chaced, Cx.þan, β. and Cx.Augustinus de Civitate [Dei]libro 3o, capitulo 3o. Tullius hadde i-favered and tenderlichetendrely, Cx.yongth, Cx.myche, β.thempyre, Cx., et infra.wryten, β. and Cx.myche, β.Antoni, γ.nedus, γ.Eu|tropius]."in Macedonia] om. Cx.bote, γ.ham, γ.schulde holde] helde, β.; hielde, Cx.helde, Cx.Valerius, libro 4o. Porcia, [the]heo, α., β., and γ.hosbond, γ.i-slawe] slayne, β.heo, β.heo, β.; he, γ.coles, Cx.to] om. Cx.say, Cx.Ovidius, Cx.Pelignis, γ.; Pelgius, Cx.avoket, γ.; advocate, Cx.ever, Cx.Terencia, Cx.dyvers tyme] lyvorse, β. and Cx.; deuors, γ.reprove, Cx.Ysidorus, libro primo. Þis Salustius was maister of pleyes,playes, Cx.Only, Cx.usen, Cx.t, β. and γ.; þis, Cx.Pe|trus, 10o.decimo septimo, β. and Cx.principate, γ. and Cx.Ascolonita, Cx.Jewry, Cx., et infra.Antipater, β., γ., and Cx.Antipater, β., γ., and Cx.i-hadde] om. Cx.bifore, Cx.callyd, Cx.Antipater, β. and Cx.falsed, γ.þan, β. and Cx.four, Cx.i-fonge] fang, β.; om. Cx.; γ. adds for Julius after yfonge.Ascalonyta, γ.reparaylde, γ.; repayred, Cx.Ascalon, γ. and Cx.Galilee, Cx.Antipater, β., γ., and Cx.i-slawe] slayn, β. and Cx.malyce, Cx.Petrus, 24o.volwede, γ.presence, Cx.hadde . . . he] om. β., γ., and Cx.put, Cx.þe] om. γ.Perches, Cx.þe] om. β. and Cx.byfore, Cx.bifore þe ferþe, β.þe] om. β.þanne, β. and Cx.Athenes, Cx.besieged, Cx.vyf, γ.lees, γ.ȝeres] om. γ.be redde, Cx.Petrus.chyldren, having had its termination clipped off in the binding.Mariammes, Cx.nece, Cx.hym, β. and γ.cite, γ.bygate, Cx., et infra.Matheta, γ.; On Metheta, Cx.tetrarcha, Cx.bygoten on Beronica, Cx.Beronica, β.called Saloma, Cx., et infra.redde, Cx.in, γ.gate, Cx.Mariammes, Cx.Philippes, Cx.eame and uncle, Cx.þis] om. Cx.fylle, Cx.sister, Cx., et infra.xvii., β.; seventen, Cx.of age, Cx.hosbond, γ.; husbande, Cx.an, β.i-leie] leyn, β.; layne, Cx.wodnes, γ.; fell into wodenesse, Cx.lunatick, β.; lunatik, Cx.toke agayne, Cx.hir, Cx.sent, β.; sente, γ.leorne, γ.honoured, Cx.reparayled, Cx.called it, Cx.worship, Cx.and bouȝt] about, β. and Cx.fulfulde, γ.worship, Cx.egle, β. and Cx.was callyd, Cx.an, β.; in, Cx.evyl, Cx.
ANTONIUS putte from hym his wif Cleopatra, Cesar his sus|ter, and wedded þe quene of Egipt, and ȝaf hire Arabia. By covetise þat wommen haveþhabbeþ, γ.; have she, Cx.heo, β.Actia, Cx.Grece, β. and Cx.Petrus, vicesimo octavo.]þat, β., γ., and Cx.þe] om. β.atte prayer, Cx.heo, β.; he, Cx.Eutropius, libro 7o. Antonius whan he was overcome at Actium, he flighfledde, Cx.ne, Cx.hir, Cx.Augustus, Cx.heo, β.meoue, γ.entendynge to meove him, Cx.heo, β. and γ.ascaped, β.; escaped, Cx.þe, γ.; the, Cx.a naddre, Cx.heo, β.heore, γ.ful to, γ.; fell, Cx.Petrus, 7, 8o.o, β. and Cx.enlarged, Cx.wytly provided, Cx.neodede, γ.acompte, Cx.fore, β.; for, γ. and Cx.lon, γ.Terentius, β., γ., and Cx.Varro, β., γ., and Cx.Marro, β., γ., and Cx.an] om. Cx.in, Cx.uppon, β.; upon, Cx.owther, Cx.men] om. γ.say, Cx.rauesede, γ.; ravessed, Cx.Percinope, Cx.made leese feldes, Cx.at þe comynge] and kunnyng, β.; and connynge, Cx.ofte, β. and Cx.blode, Cx.Virgyl, Cx.bottom, Cx.þissoone, γ.; anone, Cx.werþ, γ.; was, Cx.er, β.; ar, γ.; til, Cx.into, β.; put into, Cx.þe put age, γ.i-tolde and] om. Cx.appayryng, Cx.savered, Cx.orchard, γ.aer, γ.brygge, Cx.aer, γ.brydge, Cx.Hugo, Cx.collosens, Cx.owther, Cx.herof, Cx.Policratica, libro primo.]Vyrgyl, Cx.wherfore, Cx.wheþer, β., γ., and Cx.shapen, Cx.for] om. Cx. (bis.)take, β., γ., and Cx.i-take] om. β., γ., and Cx.flye, γ. and Cx.counseylle, Cx.chesse, Cx.for] om. Cx.profyt, Cx.every werk, Cx.felawes by commaundement, Cx.Mari, γ.Crystys, Cx.hir, Cx.lygnage, Cx., et infra.Emerea, Cx.were, β. and Cx.; wer, γ.cam, Cx.Iohan, Cx.Marie, β. and γ.; Marge, Cx.heo, β.; she, Cx.was called, Cx.also] om. Cx.; γ. has Alpheus also of ham com Symon Chananeus.Thaddeus, Cx.otherwise callyd, Cx.o, capitulo 2o, seiþ þat Iacobus minor, þe lasse Iames, was i-cleped oure Lordes
he was.comynly holden, Cx.Iohan, Cx.þe] om. Cx.Gaufridus et Alfridus. Kynbelinus, TenuanciusTenancius, Cx.Guiderius, Cx.Arvyragus, Cx.Flactus, Cx.poet and] om. Cx.dyed, Cx.sixte, γ.fourtiþe, γ.empere] om β., γ., and Cx.Cato, Cx.doctor, Cx.nuy, γ.of a double quarteyn] bis in MS.Martius,Marianus, β., γ., and Cx.libro 2o. In þe oon and fourty ȝere of Augustus, in þe sevenþe monþe,moneth, Cx.mone, Cx.on, Cx.Iohan, Cx., et infra.þe] om. β. and Cx.on, Cx.byfore, Cx.follyng, γ.; baptisinge, Cx.dyynge, β.; dyeng, Cx.must wane, Cx.must waxe, Cx.byrth, Cx.sixtene, β., γ., and Cx.not, Cx.meaneth, Cx.o, capitulo 5o; but IohnIohan, Cx., et infra.lees, γ.þeyȝ nouȝt alle, is inserted here again in MS. by a slip of the copy|ist.shorten or wane, Cx.bon, γ.broken, Cx.
OCTOVIANUSOctavianus, Cx. ut semper.bigan, β.; bygan, Cx.Iohan, Cx.sixþe] om. γ.moneth, Cx.fyfte, γ.teoþe, γ.twelthe, γ.; twelve, Cx.was, Cx.Trevisa. The GreesGrekis, β.; Grekes, Cx.turnamentes, β. and Cx.þe] om. β.named, Cx., et infra.playes, β. and Cx., et infra.vyf, γ.þe] om. Cx.twelthe, γ.Indichon, Cx.everyche, Cx.armour, Cx.and, Cx.and soudeours] om. Cx.; sou|dyours, γ.tresery, γ.Petrus. Crist was conceyved ful man in soule and in flesche,flesshe, Cx.lymes, γ.; lymmes, Cx.seen, β. and Cx.; seye, γ.wiþ, β., γ., and Cx.ye, γ.; age, Cx.age, Cx.kare, γ.unto, Cx.bifore, β. and Cx.i-doo] doon, β.; don, Cx.harvost, γ.harvest unto, Cx.ȝere] om. β. and Cx.nyȝne, γ.verreyest, β.; verreyste, γ.; veryest, Cx.Isidre, Cx.þe] om. Cx.vyfte, γ.Ethymologiarum] om. Cx.hath overe leped, Cx.filometor, Cx.Tholomeus, Cx., bis.Tholomeus, Cx., bis.ofte, Cx.i-slawe] slayn, β.; slayne, Cx.nowther, Cx.age, Cx.wole, β.; wol, Cx.þe, Cx.cam, β. and Cx.acounten, Cx.sixth, Cx.byrthe, Cx.comeþ, γ.sende, β. and Cx.; send, γ.i-bore] born, β. and Cx.acounte, Cx.fram the follyng, γ.; cristnyng, Cx.i-ȝeve] ȝeven, β.; yeven Cx.unto, Cx.goostly, Cx.bigan, β. and Cx.cease, Cx.acounte, Cx.þanne, β. and Cx.bi fore, β.; of, Cx.began unto, Cx.more] om. Cx.comyn, Cx.and, Cx.v., β.; fyve, Cx.and] om. Cx.foure score] om. Cx.þritty, β. and γ.; xxx., Cx.mankuynde, γ.þeof, γ.in, Cx.Marianus, libro 2o. [It]chirche, Cx.erthe, Cx.nyþe, γ.byfore Apryl, Cx.Apryl, Cx., et infra.nyþe, γ., et infra.byfore, Cx., et infra.eyȝteþe, γ., et infra.i-holde] holden, β. and Cx.and, β. and Cx.yboffeted, γ.afore Apryll, Cx., et infra.to] om. β., γ., and Cx.one, Cx.more, Cx.wekys, Cx.though, Cx.nynethe, Cx.afore Apryll, Cx., et infra.fylle, Cx.afore Apryll, Cx., et infra.apreoueþ, γ.certayne essaye of calcalers, Cx.peysyble, γ.; possible, Cx.nyghtes, Cx., et infra.holych, γ.; hooly, Cx.sayth that yche, Cx.soe, Cx.afore, Cx.of, β.; of the, Cx.folewyde, Cx.Saterday, Cx.resurrexion, γ.come, Cx.also, Cx.Trevisa. Hit nedeþneodeþ, γ.wyþsegge, γ.Trevisa . . . wise] om. β. and Cx.Beda and Lucas.sche] heo, β.; she, Cx.into, β. and Cx.tyl, Cx.heo, β.þanne, β.; than, Cx.Lucas. Þanne wolde nouȝt here spouse Ioseph take here sikerlichesekerly, Cx.heo, β.er, β.; ar, γ.; til, Cx.fange, β.; take, Cx.Lucas. Þat tyme come oute a maundement from þe emperourþe emperour] om. β., γ., and Cx.Petrus. Cesar wolde wetewyte, γ.subget, Cx.þe nombre of] om. Cx.pollys, Cx.bade, β.; bad, Cx.subarbes of citees, Cx.kyþthe, γ.; kyth, Cx.departe, Cx.byrth, Cx.penny, Cx.valuwe, γ.panes, γ.; valewe of the ten pens, Cx.styward, γ. and Cx.subget, Cx.emperour, β. and Cx.; Emper, γ.Lucas. Þerfore Ioseph wente out of Nazareth into Bethlem,Bethleem, γ.; Bethlehem, Cx.Petrus. Þan in þe ende of þe sevene and fourtyxlii., β. and Cx.; secunde and fourty, γ.þo, γ.þe] om. Cx.Januarie, β.; Janivere, Cx.Bethlem, Cx.byrth, Cx.þan, β. and Cx.and worschiped, β., γ., and Cx.after, β., γ., and Cx.Februarie, β.; Feverere, Cx.presentet, γ.þe feste of] om. Cx.fledde, Cx.and] om. γ. and Cx.his] om. Cx.ful, γ.; fille, Cx.to, Cx.afore Apryll, Cx.to, β. and Cx.to, Cx.monethes, Cx., et infra.every moneth, Cx.þeos, γ.ben, Cx.wymmen, γ., et infra.þouȝ, β.; though, Cx.go, β.; goo, Cx.yet, Cx.Iohan, Cx.þan, β., γ., and Cx.togyders, Cx.þe] om. Cx.of þe whiche ȝeres of kynges] om. Cx.begynnyngys, Cx.ben, Cx.fallen, β.; falle, Cx.acountyng, β. and Cx.i-fulled] folled, β.; yfolled, γ.; baptysed, Cx.auctors speken dyversly, Cx.loore, Cx.byfore, Cx.bygan, Cx.don, Cx.Numaes tyme, Cx.two monethes, Cx.Ianuarie and Februarie, β.; Ianyvere and Feveryere, Cx.bygynne, Cx.folowith, Cx.comyn, Cx.Grekis, β.; Gres, γ.; Grekes, Cx.begynnen, Cx., et infra.ben lyke, Cx.bygynnen, Cx.harvost, γ. et infra.eeste, Cx.tethenges ben brought, Cx.nyh] om β. and Cx.; nyȝ, γ.ben ylyke, Cx.yet, Cx.by] om. Cx.ferþe, γ.of] om. Cx.fijþe, β. and Cx.moneth, Cx., et infra.Ianuarie, β.; Ianyvere, Cx.fourth, Cx.have, Cx.falliþ, β.; falleth, γ. and Cx.moost use, Cx.yet, Cx.begynnen, Cx.use, Cx., et infra.acounte, Cx.byrthe or, Cx.also, Cx.þe cours of] om. Cx.seve dawes, γ.his, Cx.of the sonne] om. Cx.at] om. Cx.twelvemonethes, Cx.in] om. Cx.almest, γ.yet, Cx.buþ nyȝ, γ.; be nygh, Cx.nyghe, Cx.yfolled, γ.; baptysed, Cx.hys on and thrytty yer, γ.; xxxi., Cx.almoost an, Cx.sothe, Cx.prechid, Cx.and] om. Cx.Iohan, Cx.in] om. γ.xlii. ȝere, β.; secunde ȝer and fourty, γ.; two and fourty yere, Cx.endeth, Cx.And] om. β. and Cx.þe] om. β. and Cx.þar, γ.bygynne and ende, Cx.begynne and ende, Cx.certaynly, Cx.selde, Cx.owther, Cx.begynne, Cx.one, Cx.ende, Cx.byrthe, Cx.xlii., Cx.xliii., Cx.bygynneþ] om. β., γ., and Cx.is, Cx.vyf, γ.xliiii., Cx.
WHAN oure Lorde was i-bore a welle of oyle sprang by|ȝonde Tybre oute of þe tavarntaverne, Cx.ranne, Cx.seen, Cx.Trevisa. Knyȝtes of Rome after sixty ȝere lefte dedes of armes, and were i-clepedcallyd, Cx., et infra.chevalrye, Cx.tavarn, γ.taverne, Cx.Martius.Marcus, Cx.felle, Cx.falle, Cx.er, β.; ar, γ.; til, Cx.fylle, Cx.distried, β.; destruyed, γ.Petrus.
arayede, β.; arayde, Cx.childern, γ. et infra.sompned, Cx.answhere, γ.her evyl, Cx.was.Ascalonita, β., γ., and Cx.Ascalon, Cx.bylte, Cx.childern, γ. et infra.slayn, β.; slayne, Cx.Iohan, Cx.biheded, β.; byheded, γ. and Cx.slowe, Cx.ben versus made, Cx.sleth, Cx.þe Bap. Iohn] Ion Bap., β.; Antipas Johan Baptist, Cx.slow, Cx.sawe, Cx.boldlyker, γ.; stroof the bolder, Cx.Erytage, γ.entendede, γ.afore, Cx.faderis, Cx.plaine, Cx.to] om. Cx.meane, Cx.ageine, Cx.had begiled hym, Cx.ytornd, γ.ashamed, Cx.slowe, Cx.children for to doo hem, Cx.he went, β., γ., and Cx.Tharses, Cx.more] om. γ.birthe, Cx.after þe burþe of Crist] om. γ.huld, γ.; helde, Cx.hym] om. Cx.of] om. Cx.slowe, Cx.childern, γ. et infra.aboute, Cx.wiste, β.; a weste, γ.; wyste, Cx.unto, Cx.whoche, γ.slayn, β., and Cx.peraventure, β. and Cx.doon, β. and Cx.ordenaunce, Cx.berefte, Cx.kytte, Cx.schavynge, β.died, Cx.hoore lockes, Cx.yongly, Cx.his, Cx.Herodes Antipa, β., γ., and Cx.favered, Cx.biforhond, β.; byforehand, Cx.ware, Cx.prysonne, Cx.leover, γ.slewe, Cx.Trevisa.]specially, Cx.and so] as, Cx.dude, γ.ful yn sykenes, γ.; felle, Cx.ychchyng, γ.ydchyng that sesed not, Cx.wellyd, Cx.and, β., γ., and Cx.pryvey stones, γ.; pryvey har|noys, Cx.stynch, γ.puffing, β. and Cx.; stynkyng, γ.bloweyng, Cx.couȝ, β.; kouȝwhe, γ.; cogh, Cx.sikinges, β.; sychyngs, γ.; sykyngys; Cx.he] om. γ.i-bore] boren, β.; born, Cx.though, Cx.bote, γ.let, Cx.rered, γ. and Cx.greet] om. Cx.tydynges, Cx.Antipater, Cx.Petrus, 45o.o, Cx.Iohan, Cx.þe] om. Cx.dropesy, γ.; droposye, Cx.pryvy, Cx.wrechidly, Cx.homlych, γ.; homly, Cx.whaþer, γ.bade, β.; bad, Cx.mennes, β. and Cx.of Iewry, Cx.Euse|bius, libro 1o, capitulo 7o. Þe genelegiesgenelogyes, γ. and Cx.rykenyng, γ.kynrad, β. and γ.bade, β.; bad, Cx.holden, β. and Cx.alyen, γ.; alyon, Cx.hoome, Cx.Petrus 51o.o, Cx.sonne, Cx.Archelaus] om. γ.bifore, β.; afore, Cx.Erytage, γ.counseyl, Cx.tetrarcha, Cx.Iewry, Cx., et infra.halvendeel, γ.; halfdele, Cx.Antipa, β. and Cx.Dyaconitidis, Cx.þe] om. Cx.Trevisa. Dyarchus is he þat haþ þeþe] om. Cx.owther the halfdele, Cx.is] om. γ. and Cx.founden, β.; founde, Cx.þe] om. β. and Cx.to] om. Cx.rem, γ.cleped, β.; callyd, Cx.tetrachæ, β. and Cx.; The|trarche, γ.Champania, γ.moneth of, Cx.slayn, β.; slayne, Cx.treason, Cx.wolde, Cx.Eutropius, libro 7o.
THIS Augustus was so i-loved ȝeȝe] ȝhe, β.; ȝe, γ.; om. Cx.Scites, Cx.Iuwes, Cx.messagers, Cx.bylde, Cx.worship, Cx., et infra.Cesereas, γ. and Cx.sayth, Cx.prout, γ.booster, Cx.surte, γ. and Cx.disease, Cx.laureal, Cx.meved, Cx.profyt, Cx. bis.y-wonnen, β. and Cx.profyt, Cx. bis.fare, β.; faire, Cx.fisshoke, Cx.leosyng, γ.quyt, Cx.cyteȝeyns, Cx.selde, Cx.receyve, Cx.stydfast, Cx.in] om. Cx.bisye, β.; besye, Cx.ascape, β.; escape, Cx.wolde, Cx.Ysidorus, libro primo. He brouȝt up first þis lettre x.; me wroot þerforeþerfor, γ.to forehonde] om. Cx.skylfolych, γ.; skylfully, Cx.crosse, Cx.Eutro|pius. He echedeechid, Cx.boldes, β.; boldyng, γ.; howses, Cx.saye, β. and Cx.; sey, γ.barned tyyl, γ.; brande, Cx.leeve, Cx.eyen, Cx.wretheful, Cx.openly, β. and Cx.disseyvable, Cx.player, Cx.dyces, β. and Cx.absteyned, Cx.hym] om β., γ., and Cx.counted, Cx.comyn, Cx.wont, β.; wonte, Cx.lygge, γ.; was i-woned to lye is written twice over in MS.lyghtly, Cx.dide, Cx.Livia, β., γ., and Cx.heore, γ.husband, Cx.þouȝ, β.; though, Cx.lechour, γ.; lecherour, Cx.greet] om. γ.wrech of lechery, Cx.Seneca. Þe Romayns siȝsawe, Cx.this, Cx.heo, β.; she, Cx.eorþ, γ.wete by swote, Cx.leest, γ.lest evermore] lest schal ever, β.; last shall ever, Cx.oþer] om. Cx.versus, β.; versis, Cx.that be not here wreton, Cx.Augustinus, libro 18o, capitulo 24o. Þe heed lettres of þe versversis, Cx.speketh, Cx.Saueour, γ.; Savyour, Cx.Mar. Anon hevene openede, and Cesar sighsawe, Cx.mayde, β.; made, Cx.aulter, Cx., et infra.hurde, γ.fylle, Cx.floore, Cx.bylte, Cx.and is called, Cx.Gal. 3o Tyberius tolde to Augustus þat me spak mochelmyche, β.; moch, Cx.evyl by, Cx.take, Cx.though, Cx.evyl of, Cx.may, Cx.Policratica, libro 3o, capitulo 13o. Antonius despisede Augustus his kyn in þe moder side, and cleped hym bakerecallyd hym bakar, Cx.louwgh, Cx.owne] om. Cx.dworf, β. and γ.; dwarf, Cx.y mot, γ.; must, Cx.shoon, Cx.Macrobius in Satur|nalibus. Augustus passede by þe weie,wye, Cx.calle, Cx.payne, Cx.in to] yn, β.; in, Cx.ylych, γ.; moost lyke, Cx.byfore, Cx.aresoned, Cx.ful] wel, γ.not wroth, Cx.agayn, Cx.Seneca de Clementia. Whanne Cinna his tresoun was i-knowe Cesar wookwakid, β.; wakede, γ.; wakyd, Cx.use, Cx., et infra.medycynes, Cx., et infra.maye, β.; may, Cx.essay, Cx.be contrary, Cx.þis, β.; the, Cx.bade, β.; bad, Cx.afore him at morow, and spake, Cx.the, I the fonde myne, Cx.pauelons, γ.thy lyf, Cx.richessis, β.; rychesses, Cx.homly, Cx.thy, Cx.first, Cx.my] the, Cx.bytwene us] om. γ.feyth, Cx.fayth, Cx.heyr, γ. and Cx.Macrobius in Saturnalibus. An olde man that was in peril of doomdome, γ. and Cx.hem, Cx.avocate, β.; avoket, γ.; ad|vocate, Cx.cryed, Cx.me sylfy, γ.; I myself, Cx.seen, Cx.ashamed, Cx.only, Cx.holden, β. and Cx.prout, γ.popejay, γ.; popenjay, Cx.hadde] om. Cx.hadde ytauȝt for to speke and segge Hayl, γ.; forto, β.; to, Cx.myry byrde, Cx.pans, β.; panes, γ.; pens, Cx.he] om. β., γ., and Cx.staare, γ.pore soutare siȝ þis doyng and fondede, γ.souter fonde, Cx.chouȝwhe, γ., et infra; chough, Cx., et infra.boþe] om. γ. and Cx.herde, Cx.have, Cx.Whe habbeþ, γ.ful, γ.his, β.; the, Cx.muynde, γ.boþe] om. β., γ., and Cx.lough, Cx.derrer, Cx.ony, Cx.Greke, Cx.and louȝ] added in γ.profered, Cx.bade, β.; badde, Cx.his . . . money] a greet deel of money, β., γ., and Cx.Eutropius, libro 7o. At þeþe] om. β.Campania, Cx.cryede, Cx.born, β. and Cx.never schuld, β. and Cx.good in batail, β.; goodlyche in batayl, γ.; god in bataylle, Cx.nowther, Cx.Policratica, libro 6o. Augustus wolde seie,saye, β. and Cx.; sygge, γ.sekenesse, Cx.ben, Cx.yren, β. yre, γ.; iren, Cx.eorne, γ.lepe, Cx.at the] om. α. and Cx.neodede, γ.þe] om. γ.
TYBERIUS was Augustus stepsone, andand] bis in MS.moneth, Cx., et infra.whuch, γ.Policratica, libro 3o.Eutropius, β., γ., and Cx.þis, β. and Cx.empyre, Cx.grete, Cx.schephurde, γ.; shepherde, Cx.ynowȝ, β.; ynow, Cx.connynge of letture, Cx. γ. adds here, bote more konnyng of fayr spekyng a wykked man of wytte.though, Cx.counseyl sodenly, Cx.a faire name] om. γ.; mynstrals allyd hym a faier name, Cx.Mero, β., γ., and Cx. rightly.drunke, β; dronke, Cx.elder men, β. and Cx.Er, β.; Ar, γ.; Eer, Cx.werryd, Cx.messageris, β.; messagers, Cx.Policratica, libro 3o, capitulo 4o. He was greetly to blame [in]he was stidefast, β. and Cx.; a was studefast, γ.mennes, β. and Cx.; men, γ.freo, γ.Iosephus. Þis was stedfaststydfast, Cx.dedes, β., γ., and Cx.so þat, β., γ., and Cx.of hym] added in γ.habbeþ, γ.have lordship, Cx.ben, Cx.he] om. Cx.preouede, γ.sate, β. and Cx.; sete, γ.drof, γ.; drove, Cx.þat . . . woundes] om. β. and Cx.seke, Cx.done evel, β.; doone evil, Cx.dryve, Cx.comen, Cx.wole, Cx.greven, Cx.Ysidorus,
libro 6o, capitulo 15o.o, Cx.i-founde] founde up, β.; fonde up, Cx.tempryng, γ. and Cx.touȝ ynow, γ.; tow ynow, Cx.beende, γ.wynde, β., γ., and Cx.rechche, γ.bowyd, Cx.emperour] om. γ.þis, β. and Cx.nas, γ.alyve that so coude, Cx.dryve and] om. β., γ., and Cx.bade, β.; bad, Cx.knowen, β. and Cx.metal, γ. and Cx.Gothes, Cx.sayd, Cx.sleiȝþe, β.; slyȝ, γ.; sleighte, Cx.ylle pryse, Cx.emperice, β.; emperys, γ.; em|pryes, Cx.jugge, Cx.in the Iewry, Cx.he] om. Cx.hat, β.; hete, Cx.Pylat, Cx.age, Cx.Pilat, Cx.place, Cx.þer, γ.wroth, Cx.lygge, γ.to, Cx.Fraunse lay, Cx.slewe, Cx.þe] om. β. and Cx.playes, Cx.was] om. γ.for, β. and γ.; to, Cx.empyre, Cx.chastye, β.; hastyse, Cx.steorne, γ.men] om. β., γ., and Cx.chastye, β.; chastyse, Cx.þe] om. Cx.no jugge receyve, Cx.suffry, γ.chastised, β.; chastysed, Cx.punsyng, γ.punysshyng with manaces, Cx.fayer, Cx.wykkednesse, Cx.hym] om. Cx.prince, β. and Cx.Iuwery, γ.þe] om. β.mych, β.unwetynge, Cx.fange, β.; receyve, Cx.clothyd, Cx.whyyt, γ.tyme] om. γ.was, Cx.sekenesse, Cx.seke, Cx.only, Cx.and . . . þerof] om. β., γ., and Cx.that, Cx.of] om. Cx.aforehonde, Cx.to, β. and Cx.Volucianus, Cx.nobel, Cx.lynen, Cx.heo, β.preent, β. and γ.and, β., γ., and Cx.beheelde, Cx.wiste, β.; weost, γ.; wyst, Cx.and . . . to fore] bifore, β.; by|fore, Cx.oune curtel, γ.callid, Cx.inconsutilis, γ.aray afore, Cx.þe] om. β.þat, β., γ., and Cx.we] om. β., γ., and Cx.Petrus. Þat tyme were þre sectes of Iewes in þe Iewerie,Iewry, Cx.Essayes, Cx.wered, Cx.scarsite, Cx.drynkke, γ.lawe by, β. and Cx.forheede and in her lyfte, Cx.philaterna, Cx.teen commaundements, Cx.muynde, γ.bounde, β. and Cx.prycked, Cx.in theyr, Cx.in a rysynge, Cx.ded] added in γ.dyeþ, β.; deyeþ, γ.; dyed, Cx.heelde only, Cx.compenable, γ.; not compeynable, Cx.trowyd, Cx.cite, β.; no cite of certayn, γ.; cyte, Cx.afore, Cx.risyng, β. and Cx.spake, β.; spak, Cx.spak not, Cx.toke, Cx.essay of one, Cx.synne, β. and Cx.doen, Cx.þouȝ, β.; though, Cx.sate, β. and Cx.togeders, Cx.hulde, γ.dresse, Cx.fyre, Cx.one, Cx.in] om. Cx.cacke, Cx.Iosephus, libro 2o. Oþer dayes þey wolde digge þe erþe wiþwithoute, Cx.þwitel, β.; thwytel, γ. and Cx.cacke, Cx.no] om. β., γ., and Cx.schyte, β.; cacked, Cx.fulle, γ.hadden, β.diggide, β.; digged, Cx.pyt, Cx.scarsly, Cx.þe] om. β.to] om. Cx.come, Cx.flesshely lykynge, Cx.evyl, Cx.ryches, Cx.comyn, β. and Cx.cheffarede, γ.; barganyed, Cx.alle] om. α., β., γ., and Cx.þat] om. Cx.neodede, γ.spente, Cx.afore, Cx.ouȝt, α.; not, Cx.spencer, β.; comyn spencis, Cx.lawes, Cx.oþer, Cx.þey . . . for swerynge] om. β. and Cx.receyved, Cx.ȝere, α.; yere, Cx.essay, Cx.faith, Cx.prynces, γ.; princes, β. and Cx.his] om. β.subgettes, Cx.þey, α.lees, β. and γ.; lasse, Cx.stedfast, β.; stycfast, Cx.
FROM þeþat, γ.fyve, Cx.Eusebeus, Cx.make, Cx.xvj., β.; sixtene yere, Cx.seyn, β.; seggeþ, γ.; say, Cx.xv., Cx.ȝere] om. Cx.tellen, Cx.wil, α.; wol, Cx.ceeside. β.; seesid, Cx.fullouȝt, β.; folloȝt, γ.; Cris|tendom, Cx.begynne, Cx.Ioon, β.; Iohan, Cx.gan, α.; began, Cx.folle and follede, γ.; baptise and baptised, Cx.Ianevere, Cx.at, γ.twelvemoneth, Cx.Petrus. Þerfore in olde bookes þat day is i-clepedcallyd, Cx.ful, γ.but] om. Cx.hete, Cx.epy, Cx.aboove, Cx.hete, Cx.follynge, β.; follyng, γ.douve, Cx.hete, Cx.Bethphania, α., β., and Cx.name] om. Cx.an] om. Cx.meene, Cx.myracle, Cx.heete fagephania, β. and Cx.fagin, α., β., and γ.; fagyn, Cx.Luc, α. and γ.sayth, Cx.his] the, Cx.But] om. Cx.Crisostimus, Cx.þan, β.; than, Cx.and so . . . al] om. Cx.fulloȝt, β.; folloȝt, γ.preche, α.and so . . . al] om. Cx.more] om. Cx.fulloȝt, β.; folloȝt, γ.; baptym, Cx.faste, α. and β.þe fourteþe day] om. Cx.xv., Cx.Feveryre, Cx.devil, Cx.Ester, α., γ., and Cx.drof, β.drofe & chacid, Cx.sillers and biers, β.callyd, Cx.ches, β.Andreu, γ. and Cx.Petyr, Philip, Cx.as] om. Cx.baptysed, Cx.Ester, γ. and Cx.Iohan was emprysouned, Cx.i-hadde] om. β. and Cx.to] om. Cx.gospelers, Cx.telle, Cx.Ioon, β., passim; Iohan, Cx.almoost, Cx.of Iohn Baptiste] om. Cx.Iohan, Cx.lasse, Cx.þilke, β.; the, Cx.how] om. Cx.houȝ, α.drof, β.; drofe, Cx.out] om. β. and Cx.Ester, γ. and Cx.Eester, Cx.þat ȝere . . . prisoun] om. β. and Cx.Petrus, capitulo 11o. Þe enlevenþeelleuenþe, β.Iohan, Cx.howse, Cx.leest, Cx.to-sched, β.; devyded, Cx.bones, Cx.myraclis, Cx.gadryd, Cx., et infra.wynewide, β.; wynnewyd, Cx.ded, β. and γ.; dede, Cx.weost, γ.; wyst, Cx.dyde, Cx.forþ] ferforth, Cx.; a ferforth, β.Iohans, Cx.medled, β. and Cx.deel of the bones, α., β., γ., and Cx.Iohan, Cx.unto, Cx.heiȝ, β.; ben hye, Cx.Morys minister, β.; Morys my|nyster, γ.; Mons mynyster, Cx.bones, β., γ., and Cx.were, α., β., γ., and Cx.Athanasius, β. and Cx.Iohan, Cx.munkus, β.; two monkys, Cx.Est] om. Cx.Nevertheles, Cx.till that Iohan, β. and Cx.tolde] om. γ.whare, γ.dwellyd, Cx.den, α. and Cx.be y-holde, α.; be holden, Cx.men] om. Cx.þe] om. α., β., γ., and Cx.boones, Cx.Theodosius, Cx.in] om. Cx.Constantinople, Cx.Ambians, γ.; Amyens, Cx.
CRIST suffredesuffride, β.afore Apryl, Cx.eclips, β. and Cx.sich, β.yseye, added in γ.aforehond nowther, Cx.eorþe, γ.were throwe, Cx.þo, γ.cluftes, α.; cliftes, β. and γ.; clyftes, Cx.quarers, β. and γ.; ben seen in quareis, Cx.rockes, β.in Bithinia] om. α., β., and Cx.byfore, Cx.onests, Cx., by a misprinting.Iosephus. Þat ȝere in þe WitsondayWhytesoneday, Cx.stirynges, α.; stiryngis, β.; sturynges, γ. styrynges, Cx.sodenly, Cx.þeos, γ.Whitesonetyde, Cx.songe, Cx.reuled, Cx.dekons, γ.; dekens, Cx.Permenas, Cx.Nycholas, Cx. (bis) et infra.noȝt as a scholde bote a made, γ.comyn, β., γ., and Cx.Eusebius, in Historia Ecclesiastica, libro 3o. Þis Nichol hadde a faire wyf, and was
lye, β. and Cx.simpel, Cx.folowide, β.; though somme fo|lowyd, Cx.Nicholas, Cx.yet, Cx.vyse, Cx.jelusy, β.flesshely, Cx.namely, Cx.his] om. Cx.chaast, γ.named, Cx.Alphei, β. and γ.; Alphay, Cx.moost lyke, Cx.bygyled, Cx.þe] om. γ.two, Cx.assigne, γ.cos, α., β., and γ.; cusse, Cx.deceyved, Cx.þe] om. Cx.though, Cx.called, Cx.he] and, Cx.he] and, Cx.fleysch, γ.yren, α. and Cx.; yre, γ.nether, Cx.kneolyng, γ.knen, γ.hard as, added in γ.soles, Cx.avowe, Cx.er, β. and Cx.; ar, γ.or Crist] bis in MS.were, Cx.hemme, Cx.assencion, Cx.Whytesonedaye, Cx.choosen, Cx.hem, Cx.wreton, Cx.though, Cx.heete, Cx.hete, Cx.hadden, α. and γ.dremed, Cx.heo, β.; shee, γ.fulle, γ.ybore an ylle sonne, Cx.agryse, α. and γ.; agrise, β.; agrysed, Cx.norsche, γ.distruye, β.lytul, γ.cryb, α., γ., and Cx.litel] om. β. and Cx.boot, γ.dede α.; dude, γ.; dide, Cx.hete Scariot, Cx.ilond, Cx.no, α. and Cx.lay, β.; laye, Cx.nouȝt] om. Cx.ȝude, γ.þat, α.ful ofte, Cx.weope, γ.The . . . ofte] om. β. and Cx.waar, γ.slowe, Cx.drad the peyne and fledde, Cx.them, Cx.Pylates, α.þan, β.than justyser, Cx.buþ ylyche, γ.be lyke acorde togeders, Cx.grace and] om. α., β., γ., and Cx.orchard, β. and Cx.sothely, Cx.Iudas] om. γ.Judas, α., β., γ., and Cx.fled pryvely, Cx.sodeynly, β., et infra.catel, β., γ., and Cx.Cyborca, β. and Cx.mone, β.mone bifore, Cx.wrecchid, β.; wrechchede, γ.; wreched, Cx.hede] om. α., β., and Cx.sorouful, γ.heo, β. (bis).heo, β. (bis).sodenly, Cx.shee, γ.knowen, Cx.folowed, Cx.þat, β.proroure, Cx.er, β. and Cx.apostles, β., γ., and Cx.þeyȝ come] om. β. and Cx. rightly.to J. togeders, β. and Cx.bifore, β.; afore, Cx.Joones, β.; Jones, Cx.Andreu, β. and γ.eeste, Cx.IeromusJeronimus, Cx.de Viris [illustribus].Whan, Cx.vyf, γ.monethes, Cx.Damaske unto after, Cx.fong fullouȝt, β.; was mad a Cristyn man, γ.; receyved Crysten|dom, Cx.agayne, Cx.Damaske, Cx.callyd, Cx.kype, γ.doune over the wall in a cupe, Cx.was, Cx.callyd, Cx.Suria & of Cicilia, Cx.was doon, Cx.fiftene dayes] om. α.forto . . . gospel] om. Cx.huyred, β.; huyrede, γ.hured a comyn bern, Cx.whoche, γ.not only, Cx.Persius, Cx.was born, Cx.deyeþ, γ.Petrus, capitulo 5o.sexto, Cx.afore, Cx.mooste, Cx.hy prayede, γ.; prayd, Cx.here, α. and γ.; her, β. and Cx.sulf, γ.afore, Cx.he, Cx.pryvely, Cx.til he had ete, Cx.so] om. Cx.empyre, Cx.Kymbelinus, β. and Cx.Arviragus, Cx.had, Cx.warned, Cx.aȝenes, γ.
GAYUS, Tiberius his nevew of his [Gaius.]Galygula, Cx.hooste, Cx.legge harneysed, Cx.hat caligla, β.; heete Galygula, Cx.monethes, Cx.wykked, γ.an ydle disposed man, Cx.He] and, Cx.calle, Cx.douȝter, α., β., γ., and Cx.exyled, Cx., et infra.is] om. β., γ., and Cx.bruch, β.; bruche, γ.swolewede, γ.; swolowyd, Cx.tombede, α. and γ.; tombled, Cx.empyre, Cx.Jewry, Cx.reme, γ.; royalme, Cx.slowe, Cx.gultles, γ.mony, Cx.conduyt, γ.stoole, β.prysthode, Cx.huyre, β., γ., and Cx.preestes, Cx.borewyd, Cx.he] om. Cx.throwen, Cx.wykkede, γ.; ylle, Cx.wykked, γ.; ylle, Cx.drowe, Cx.up] out, Cx.at Vien, α., β., γ., and Cx.plase, Cx.hete, Cx.chyldern of deopness, γ.; dep|nesse, Cx.ful, γ.effrayed, Cx.dude, γ.to] om. γ. and Cx.hulles, γ.harde grysely, Cx.ecclesiastica, Cx.it is redde, Cx.Iuwes, Cx.wiþsyggyng, γ.; sayenge, Cx.to] into, Cx.callyd, Cx.have, Cx.witnessen, β.slewe, Cx.Claudius.Claudius] om. Cx.
CLAUDIUS, þe emeeame, Cx.Drusis, γ.sleyhte, Cx.moneth, Cx.The dedes of this be selde, Cx.sylde, α.suget, β.; subget, Cx.made, γ.drynghe, γ.to] om. Cx.blaste, Cx.myche, β.; meche, γ.in, α., β., and Cx.; ful in, γ.Ioseus, libro 2o.wyves, α.Antompde, Cx.hitte, α.; hete, Cx.to, β. and Cx.slewe, Cx.slayn, Cx.þe] om. Cx.his] om. β. and Cx.axede, Cx.drad, Cx.poysened, Cx.quyt, Cx.slewe, Cx.owne] om. Cx.dyde hir pryvely, Cx.pryvey, α.; pryve, Cx.harlattes place, Cx.she, α., γ., and Cx.; heo, β.noȝt folfuld, γ.she exyted, Cx.Beda, libro primo, capitulo 4o. Þat ȝere was soþe, α., γ., and Cx.Pe|trus, 81. While þis hongerhongre, Cx.everych, γ.Iewry moost, Cx.Helyne, γ.neody, γ.two, Cx.beene, Cx.ben disseyved, Cx.Elyne, γ.rede, Cx.heo, β.and . . . Ierusalem] om. in γ.Poul, β.to talke, α., β., γ., and Cx.fiftenþe, β.; fyftene, Cx.Lymonica, CxMarcus, β.kuynde, γ.follought, β.; folloȝt, γ.; bap|tym, Cx.wrote, Cx.appreoved, γ.; alowed and ap|proved, Cx.radde, Cx.mych, β.the] om. β. and Cx.out] om. α., β., and Cx.from, Cx.kit, β.; kyt, Cx.Beda, libro primo, capitulo 5o. Kyng Guyderius regnede among þe Britouns,Brytons, Cx.weornede, γ.; warned, Cx.grutchyng, Cx.semeth, Cx.fled, Cx.to fore hym] om. Cx.þurste, γ.man, Cx.Orchades, γ. and Cx.ben, Cx.subget to the empyre, Cx.ledare, γ.slewe, Cx.afore, Cx.called, Cx.hatte] now hatt, β.; now hatte, γ.; is now, Cx.toke, Cx.Genuyssa, Cx.Arviragus, α. and Cx.callyd, Cx., et infra.hete Caertleon, Cx.duc, Cx.Wyghte, Cx.subget, Cx.thempyre, Cx.Cesarea, Cx.worship, Cx.smote, Cx.Ich, β., et infra; Y, γ.; 1, Cx.skylfych, γ.rightfully bounden, Cx.bondes, Cx.Petrus, capitulo 56o.o, Cx.Ascolonita, Cx.hylde, α.; heore huld, γ.hir helde his eme, β.; her oldest eame, Cx.greet, α. and Cx.freo, γ.pour, Cx.geete, Cx.ferthe, β.; feurþe, γ.fourth deele, Cx.frenschip, β.obleged, Cx.hastly dede, Cx.dide al, Cx.presence, Cx.happide, β.; happyd, Cx.Iewry, Cx.neode, γ.sylf, γ.þe] om. Cx.gate, Cx.leefte, Cx.saat, γ.chaar, γ.wisschede, β.; chaar and wyss|ched, Cx.unnesy, γ. and Cx.charyoter, β. and Cx.hurde, γ.monethes unto, Cx.dyvynynge, α., γ., and Cx.owne] om. γ. and Cx.habbe, γ.siȝ, β.; syȝ, γ.; sawe, Cx.oule, β.lened to, Cx.siȝ, β.; syȝ, γ.; sawe, Cx.eft, α. and Cx.byrde, Cx.tetrarchies, α.bugge, γ.; beye, Cx.aforehonde, Cx.Lugdunus, β. and γ.; Lugduns, Cx.choes where, Cx.other folow, Cx.Herodes Antipas] om. α. β., and Cx.heo ches, β.exiled, γ.; exyled, Cx.heo, β., et infra.sche] om. α.; γ. has a.in . . . and] om. Cx.bonchef, α. and β.; bonchief, γ.; bonechefe, Cx.tetrarchia, β. and Cx.Cesar] om. Cx.cruwelnesse, β.; drad the cruelte, Cx.comynte, Cx.sleiȝþe, β.; sleyght, Cx.Herodes] om. Cx.tetrarchia, α., β., and Cx.Agrippas, α.þe] om. Cx.Jewry, Cx., et infra.playes, Cx.aforehonde, Cx.to be . . . over] om. Cx.flum, β.; flume, Cx.þat] om. Cx.fled, Cx.byrth, Cx.leved, Cx.and] om. Cx.wol, Cx.hennes, β. and Cx.men say, Cx.nayled, β. and Cx.Iherapolis, β.eyghten, Cx.Cipres, γ. (bis); Cipris, Cx.Trevisa. Lazarus deide ones and was arered from
Trevisa . . . storie] om. β. and Cx.Jewry, Cx., ut semper.afore, Cx.Powle, Cx.defens, α. and γ.; offence, Cx.Egesippus, libro 2o. Also þat tyme wexewere, β.shrewyd, Cx.; scherewed swe|ordmen, γ.medled, β. and Cx.subtily, Cx.pryvely, Cx.coude, Cx.refuyt, γ.palis, Cx.Nero.Nero] om. β., γ., and Cx.
NERO þe sone of Domicius and of Agrippina, Gaius his suster, hadde i-wedded Claudius his douȝter,doȝter, γ.and regnede, added in β. and γ.almoost, Cx.wyrche, γ.; werke, Cx.oponlych, γ.; openly, Cx.harpers, β. and Cx.; harpours, γ.dryngke, γ.dude, γ.not only he dyde that, β. and Cx.clysteryes, α., β., γ., and Cx.vomytes, β. and Cx.; spuwyng, γ.Trevisa. A clisterie is an instrument þat phicicians useþ forto putte in a manis neþer ende forto clense his wombe. Þanne it folweþ in þe storie:Trevisa . . . storie] om. β. and Cx.bigan, β. and Cx.syngge, γ.er, β. and Cx.; ar, γ.ministrals, γ.al . . . hadde] om. Cx.segge, γ.; saye, Cx.neode, γ.but, Cx.mynstrals, β. and Cx.he] om. γ.Sueto|nius. He werede no clooþ twyes; he usede scho soles of silver and schodde his mulesmuyles, γ.and . . . silver] om. β. and Cx.fysshed, Cx.for this, Cx.fyre, Cx.fier, β.nyghtes, Cx.ȝolle, γ.synge, α., β., and γ.; crye and singe, Cx.geestes, γ.Orosius. Also he was so leccherous þat he wolde be i-waschewesshe, Cx.bycaam, γ.Martinus. PhisiciansPhisiciens, Cx.defowled, Cx.he] om. γ.þat y may assaye what sorowe hyt is for to trauayle and bere chyld, added here in γ.shal, Cx.drenches, β.; drynches, γ.mych, β.þe] a, Cx.afore, Cx.unþryvynglich, β.; unthryvynly, Cx.and so evel] om. γ.wenen that, Cx.þat, β.loted there for, Cx.an, α., β., and γ.an, α., β., and γ.þurled, α.; yþirled, β.; yþurled, γ.; and bored and thyrled, Cx.helde, β. and γ.; fall, Cx.droppide adoun, β.in] into, Cx.ȝeode, γ.merour yhyȝt, γ.hiȝt, α.; yhiȝte, β.; sette, Cx.schyne, α., β., and γ; shone, Cx.þeus were, γ.; these were, Cx.sodenly, Cx.distruyed, β.; so sodeynliche destroyed, om. γ.rusched, β. and Cx.; ruyschet, γ.y, α.gobet founde, Cx.crome, γ.carre, Cx.whelis, Cx.þat, α., β., and Cx.yhurd, γ.Eutropius. Nero slouȝslewe, Cx.Octavians wyf, Cx.Lucanus eame, Cx.whuch, γ.bowe, Cx.treo, γ.hanged, Cx.deserved, β. and Cx.one to scarmuch about, Cx.sawe, Cx.sore aferd, Cx., et infra.ych, β. (bis).ych, β. (bis).ich, β.alyve, Cx.y, β.ches, β. (bis).ches, β. (bis).so] om. Cx.were, Cx.for bedynge, α., β., and Cx.; forbodyng, γ.an, α., β., and γ.two, Cx.citesens, γ.; cyteseins, Cx.he brouȝte] ybroȝt, γ.Nero] om. γ.bloodlest, α.; slayn and blodelese, β.; yn blodles, γ.; slayn in bleding, Cx.kittyng, Cx.Policratica, libro 8o. Som benbeþ, β.; buþ, γ.and hardy] om. γ.fondith] om. Cx.; foundeþ to grounde ham, γ.him, Cx.doute, Cx.homely, Cx.hym] om. γ.leurne, γ.studiyng, β. and Cx.nye, Cx.to lerne . . . of witte are repeated by an error of the scribe.worlles, α. and γ.goddes, β.tragedias, β., γ., and Cx.Iero de viris illustribus. Paul appelede to the emperour, and was i-sent y-boundebounden, β. and Cx.despuytede, γ.freo, γ.feith, Cx.fulfulle, γ.thoffice, Cx., bis.Martinus. Of þis Cletus hit is i-write þat he wroot first in his lettris "Salutem et apostolicam bene|dictionem," þat is, greetyngegreting, Cx.praised, β. and Cx.Poul, β.more helpyng, γ.; most helpli, Cx.Lucas, α., β., γ., and Cx.Paul, Cx.hete, Cx.write, β. and Cx.afore, Cx.Longinus, α., β., and γ.and centurio] om. Cx.opnede, γ.his side] om. Cx.at Pilatus his heste] om. Cx.toke his syhte, Cx.trouwede, γ.Cesarea, β. and Cx.convertede and] om. Cx.fayth, Cx.and, α., γ., and Cx.is deed] dyed, Cx.mo, β. and γ.oon, β.; one, Cx.Eneidis, Cx.reprevingis, Cx.yl, Cx.atte folle, γ.siche, β.Ysidorus, libro 8, capitulo 7o. Þe office of a poet is forto telle þinges þat beeþben, Cx.and, α., β., and Cx.it is þat] hyt ys noȝt þat, γ.syȝ, β.; sye, Cx.howses, Cx.mametes, γ.houger, γ.; heyer, Cx.oþir] om. γ.more] om. Cx.ben called, Cx.dyte, α.; dites, Cx.Hereby, α. and β.; Herby, γ.; Thereby, Cx.poysyes, β.; medlyng of poises, Cx.afore April, Cx.Estern, Cx.þis] om. Cx.wreche] anger, Cx.Paul, Cx.a walkers staf, Cx.o, capitulo 2o, seiþ þat þis Iames was þe sone of Ioseph oure lady spouse, y-gete on his oþer wif,sothly, Cx.hete, Cx.gospeler, β. and Cx.mever, γ. and Cx.wreten, Cx.alowyd, Cx.afore, Cx.ȝere] om. Cx.to] om. Cx.afore, Cx.chaced, Cx.togider, Cx.Paul, Cx.styȝe, β.kudde, γ.wych, γ.brused, α., β., γ., and Cx.sich, β.neyȝ, β.; nye, Cx.stude, γ.þe] om. Cx.instauns, α. and γ.breþeron, γ.finde to escape, Cx.tirauntre, β.; tyraundys, γ; Neroes tirannie, Cx.whether gost thou, Cx.for] om. Cx.be i-] om. γ.crosse agein, Cx.on, β.on the crosse, Cx.disciple, α., β., and Cx.; dy|scyple, γ.abode no mannes, β. and Cx.crosse, Cx.hete, Cx.Nero, β., γ., and Cx.in, α., β., γ., and Cx.duc Vaspasianus, Cx.Jewry, Cx.subgette, Cx.Florus, α., β., γ., and Cx.Eutropius.
hurde, γ.Spayn, α., β., and γ.; Spain, Cx.comforte, Cx.to] om. Cx.comynte, β., γ., and Cx.enmye, Cx.fled, Cx.freo, γ.and, added in γ.alyve, Cx.and aftir Peter] om. Cx.al oon for to, β.; aloon for tho, Cx.for to þat a was exiled, γ.; exyled, Cx.ware, Cx.every, Cx.yn, α.; in, γ. and Cx.eritage, γ.Crystene, γ.election, Cx.bodi, Cx.Nicolas, β.; Nycholas, Cx.Gaufridus. Aboute þat tyme Marius, þe sone of Arviragus, regnede in Britayne. In his tyme oon Rodoricus,Rodricus, β. and γ.; Rodicus, Cx., et infra.Sicia, Cx.norþ] om.hete, Cx. (bis).hete, Cx. (bis).Rodricus, β. and γ.; Rodicus, Cx., et infra.muynde, γ.wreton, Cx.þat] a, Cx.Wyllelmus, Cx.disseyved, Cx.troweth, Cx.þat] om. Cx.reerde, Cx.muynde, γ.for] om. Cx.radde, Cx.wreten, Cx.Rodycus, Cx.Catenesi, γ.dwelle there ynne, Cx.Galba.Galba] om. Cx.
GALBA SERVIUS regnede aftir Nero sevene monþes,monethes, Cx.Spaynols, β.; Spaynyels, γ.; Spaynerdys, Cx.of] om. Cx.thryten, Cx.nobley, β. and Cx.; noblete, γ.pryvy, Cx.duk, Cx.pison, β. and γ.; pysonne, Cx.yong man, Cx.heer, Cx.awayt, γ.monethes, Cx., passim.ȝere] om. Cx.relygyons, Cx.arayed, α. and Cx.; arayede, γ.ben callyd, Cx.furste, γ.in] om. Cx.feorþe, γ.sawe, Cx.slew, Cx.Vytellus, Cx.strong, γ.gloton, γ. and Cx.fisshes, Cx.drad, Cx.hudde, γ.; hid, Cxcelle, β. and Cx.openly, Cx.i-drawe] om. γ.þurȝ, β.; thurgh, Cx.helde, β.; huld, γ.; heelde, Cx.on heiȝ, β.; on hye, Cx.þost, α., β., and γ.; dirte and duste, Cx.Tiber, Cx.forȝute, γ.stalwordlich, β.; tymes manly, Cx.elleswhare, γ.; ellys where, Cx.Policratica, libro 3o, capitulo 14o. Oon Buculus an olde man cride in despite of Vaspacianus, and seide, "Þe fox may chaunge his skyn, but nouȝt his wille; ffor Vaspacianus his covetise was nevere þe lasse for the passinge of his age." Me seith þat he answerde in þis manere, "To suche men me oweþwe o weþ, β. and γ.; we owe, Cx.lauȝinge, β.us sylf, γ.; our, Cx.playne, Cx.chastisynge peple, β.Samus, β., γ., and Cx.Silicia, γ. and Cx.þeos, γ.frendes and subgettis, Cx.comyn, Cx.cronykes, α. and γ.; cronykis, β.; cronykkes, Cx.afore, Cx.þe] om. γ.was, Cx. (bis).was, Cx. (bis).i-brent] brend, α.to] wiþ þe, α., β., γ., and Cx.Iosephus, libro septimo. Þe same monþe and day þat it was arstfyrst, Cx.ybarnd, γ.and i-þrowe adoun] om. α., γ., and Cx.Calendres, Cx.eiȝtenþe, β.; eyghtene, Cx.buyldyng, γ.; byldyng, Cx.Aggeus, Cx.Martyn, γ.tellen, Cx.Estern, Cx.Egesippus. In þis bren|nynge and destruccioun enleven siþestymes, Cx.sweord, γ.fledde, Cx.Ieromus.Ieronimus, Cx.myche, β.Estre, β.; Estern, Cx.Jeury, Cx.Iosephus, libro 7o. Hit is no wonder þat so grete peple of Iewes werewas, β., γ., and Cx.wete, β. and Cx.; wyte, γ.taal, γ.þat, α., β., γ., and Cx.þat he] his, Cx.styward, γ. and Cx.one, Cx.one, Cx.pollute, Cx.offir, Cx.bisshops, α.; byschops, γ.; bis|shopes, Cx.ostes, γ.; hoostes, Cx.fyf, γ.ever, β.; every, Cx.offryd one hooste, Cx.kunnynge, Cx.yleorned, γ.cundites, β.; conduytes, γ. and Cx.coynt, β.; connynge, Cx.lacke, Cx.dryngke, γ.waysche, γ.wiþ] om. Cx.þe] a, Cx.sakkis, Cx.fol, γ.engyne, Cx.ben, Cx.naysche, γ.hokes, γ. and Cx.kytte, Cx.ropis, Cx.sackis, Cx.engynes, Cx.þe gynne] gynnes, β.; hem, Cx.whan . . . seie] after that, Cx.shote, Cx.noble knyght] nolle, α., β., and Cx.; nol, γ.of] om. Cx.þat place] om. α., β., γ., and Cx.flewe, Cx.forlond, α.; furlong, β. and Cx., et infra.her, γ. and Cx.flewe, Cx.founden hid, Cx.ysels, β; osers, Cx.wolt, β. and Cx.leefful, β.; leffol, γ.; leeful, Cx.nether, Cx.meede, β.persynge, α.; persyng, γ.; per|schyng, Cx.muynde, γ.lybbe, γ.in se ipso written above the line in β.; take in se ipso, Cx.lyve, β. and Cx.; lybbe, γ.ylost, γ.desired, Cx.ony, Cx.truwe, γ.wole] om. γ.whoome, Cx.prayde, β. and Cx.prysonne oft, Cx.sacrelege, β.; sacrylege, Cx.unskylfolych, γ.; unrightfully, Cx.dye, Cx.wiþsegge, β.; withsey hit, Cx.be, Cx.dye, Cx.y potte, γ.; I, Cx.flaterye, α.; y flatrye γ.; flater, Cx.borowe, β.; borouȝ, γ.me is] i-hadde, Cx.þefte, α. and Cx.; þeofthe, γ.scyn, β.; seggeþ, γ.; saye, Cx.wiþsigge, β.; withsegge, γ.; withsay, Cx.ferfol, γ.ony, Cx.conne not, Cx.he, α.defende, Cx.teþ, γ.use, Cx.cosses, α., β., and γ.ben, Cx.throwe, Cx.warne, Cx.as] at, Cx.sayd, Cx., et infra.sawe, Cx.and] om. γ.strof, β.; strove, Cx.lotte, Cx.laste, Cx.þat] om. Cx.slayne, Cx.everyone, Cx.plesyd, Cx.everichon] al, Cx.counceyled, Cx.ascaped, β.; escaped, Cx.Iosephus, libro 5o.o, Cx.callyd, Cx.siege, Cx.haberions, β., γ., and Cx.them, Cx.hardines, Cx.rode manly thorough the, Cx.he] om. Cx.leyþ, α. and β.; aledged, Cx.; γ. is very indistinct, but seems to be alete.wanhope, β., γ., and Cx.conforted, Cx.prayed, Cx.pes, γ.and, Cx.ben bineth useth, Cx.aspiyng, β. (bis) and Cx.; spy|yng, γ. (bis).neodeþ, γ.ben, Cx.espieng, Cx.wal, β., γ., and Cx.counseyled, Cx.forto] to, α., γ., and Cx.warly, Cx.ȝef, γ. (bis).they, Cx.ȝef, γ. (bis).dyeth, Cx.febler, Cx.yquaysched, γ.proferid, Cx.Iewene, γ.; Iewes, Cx.Iohan, Cx.ful, γ.cruwelnesse, β.buggyng and syllyng, γ.; byeng, Cx.sillinge, β.ceesede, β.; seesid, Cx.seoþyng, γ.dressyng, Cx.outcast, β.; of castyng, γ.; sheldes and out caste, Cx.fulthe, γ.yspuwed, γ.drit, β.; dryt, γ.; dyrte, Cx.of reþeren] om. Cx.; ruþeren, β.; roþeron, γ.horses, β. and Cx.Galwes, β.; Galowes, Cx.; Galwes and gebetes, γ.upon, Cx.fleo, γ.evereche, β.closed, Cx.pavilons closed, Cx.watches, Cx.escape, Cx.encressede, γ.; encreced, Cx.suffysed not to beryels, Cx.ne, β.þousondes, γ.sye, Cx.and inserted in β.hadde y-] om. Cx.fled, Cx.defye, α., β., and Cx.þe] theyr, Cx.fled, Cx.juels, β. and Cx.; jywels, γ.swolewide tofore, β.; swolowed afore, Cx.fled, Cx.openly suche juels, Cx.Assyres, β.; Assires, γ.schite, β.; cacked, Cx.fled, Cx.wombes, Cx.þe] om. Cx.torne, α.; ycorve, β. and γ.; corven, Cx.foonde, β.; wete, Cx.ȝulde, γ.ensaumplis, β.Ioseus, libro 6o. But Symon and Iohn,Iohan, Cx.fautors, Cx.Hous, α. and γ.bisilich, β.; bysily, Cx.ysarched, γ.ought, Cx., bis.þat] and yf, β. and Cx.werned, α. and β.; weorned, γ.; warned, Cx.oȝt, γ.chyldern, γ.ony, Cx.tynde, β.; ytund, γ.; hytste, Cx.trouwede, γ.man, β. and Cx.i-spoylled and] om. Cx.bytray, Cx.Egesippus, libro 5o,sexto, Cx.et Ioseus, libro 7o. Soþo, α.; than, Cx.gryslych, γ. (tris).grisely dethe, Cx.lytell, Cx.my sone, Cx.gryslych, γ. (tris).grisely and dredeful, Cx.þeoves, γ.i-fonge] om. Cx.þat] thy, Cx.pryvey, Cx.y dude, γ.constreyneth, Cx.heo, β.sethed, Cx.somme, Cx., bis.But, Cx.þuder, γ.brent, β.; brente, Cx.Be, Cx.nouȝt] om. Cx.Ich, β.heo, β.kuynde, γ.lengest, Cx.cesest, β. and Cx.; cessed, γ.kuynde, γ.tasteþ, α., β., and Cx.knowe, Cx.ellys ye, Cx.yfere, β., γ., and Cx.have, Cx.ete] om. Cx.grisely, Cx.meved, β. and Cx.haf, α., β., and γ.fyghte, Cx.bestes ȝut, γ.spare, Cx.kuynde, γ.neody, γ.helpith, Cx.devoreþ and freteþ, γ.; devoure, Cx.destruye, β. and γ.stinken, Cx.Iosephus, libro 7o. Among þe Romayns was oon of SiriaCiria, Cx.litul, γ.schone, β.; shone, Cx.lytul, γ.enleven, γ.walle, Cx.drof, β.; drofe, Cx.aleyd, γ.; afelled, Cx.rowhte, Cx.shelde, Cx.knen, β. and γ.to] om. Cx.; for to þat, γ.shot, Cx.thorough shote, Cx.dede, β.; ded, γ.Egesippus. At þe laste þe engynes were remevedremeoved, γ.litel, β.; lytil, Cx.walles, Cx.distruyynge, β.; destruyyng. γ.befil, Cx.veryly, Cx.fil, Cx.a scholleþ, γ.shulle not, Cx.leeve, β.In þe] om. Cx.þyne] om. Cx.for] om. Cx.wole, β.; wol, Cx.wil, α.; wol, Cx.chalenge, Cx.segge, γ.; saye, Cx.abode, Cx.hem] om. Cx.tokyns, Cx.Egesippus et Iosephus, libro 7o. For aboute a ȝere to forbyfore, Cx.fourty; fuyry, β. and γ.air, Cx.in] om. Cx.Estern, Cx.heffre, β. and Cx.; heyfre, γ.enede, α. and γ.; ened, β.; ewed, Cx.þat] om. Cx.tynde, α.; tyne, β.; tuynde, γ.; lyfte, Cx.to-broke, γ.hit self, β. and Cx.; hytsylf, γ.wylfully, Cx.hostes, α., γ., and Cx.þe] om. α.eyr, β.At, α., β., γ., and Cx.hens, Cx.afore, Cx.countray, Cx.þe] om. Cx.cessed, Cx., et infra.fayer, Cx.brouȝt, β.; broughte afore, Cx.cruwelych, γ.owne] om. Cx.distried, β.er, β. and Cx.; ar, γ.reherced, Cx.potte more to, γ.flour, α.; floor, γ.; floore, Cx.anon, added in γ.wreche, Cx.IeromusIeronimus, Cx.in prologo super Ioseph. Whanne þe citee was destroyed, Titus wente to Rome, and ladde with hym Iosephus þe Iewe, þat wroot anoon in GreweGrue, β. and Cx.; Gru, γ.comyn, Cx.wytte, Cx.his tyme] om. Cx.ben, Cx.olde, Cx.knowledgeth, Cx.Iohan, Cx.very profyte, Cx.sklaunder, Cx.slayne, Cx.nouȝt] om. β.failed never to, Cx.aboute, Cx.to] om. γ.þe] om. Cx.eorþe, γ.Giraldus in Topographia. Appolinaris, Peter his disciple, þat was some tyme i-send to Ravenna, suffreþsuffred, Cx.ravenes, β. and Cx.; revons, γ.chouȝes, β.; chouȝwes, γ.; chowes comen, Cx.þuder to gedres, γ.; theder to gyders, Cx.customme, Cx.ȝeven, β.deede, β.wol, Cx.bybause, α.; bycause, β. and Cx.duchysse, β.; duychysch, γ.; duche, Cx.spe, α.Revenesburgh, β. and γ.Titus.Eutropius, γ. and Cx.
TITUS regnede aftir his fader as it were þre ȝere. Þis was moost noblenobel, γ.Gru, γ.; Grue, Cx.poysyes, β.; poesyes, γ. and Cx.Gru, α. and γ.; Grue, Cx.of conspyracion, Cx.homely, Cx.afore, Cx.Policratica, libro 3o, capitulo 14o. Þis was so fre of herte þat he purchedepurgede, α. and γ.; purgide, β.; purgyd, Cx.ȝeode, γ.mede] speed oþer hope of speed, α., γ., and Cx.; spede oþer hope of spede, β.performe, β. and Cx.; leste, γ.elyng, β. and γ.; elynge, Cx.ony, Cx.ich, β.lyter, β., γ., and Cx.nede, α.; neodede, γ.; neded, Cx.forþinche, β.; athenche, γ.; thynke, Cx.only, Cx.woste, α.; wuste, γ.; wyste, Cx.leprosus, Cx.herbered, β.; harburwede, γ.; he receyved Crist in his hows and lodged him, Cx.lif, β.wold, Cx.prayeþ, α., γ., and Cx.lodgynge, Cx.harborugh, γ.; herberuhd, Cx.his owne, om. γ.his] om. α., γ., and Cx.certayne wreten, Cx.chassed, γ.; chaced, Cx.hert, β. and γ.; herte tourned, Cx.chacest, Cx.drad, Cx.ware, Cx.þat, β.; that, Cx.bare, Cx.palais, Cx.wydwe, γ.; wydowe, Cx.wyf, Cx.heo, β. and γ.husbandes, Cx., et infra.feng hem godelich, β.; receyved hem goodly, Cx.to chirche at morowe erly, Cx.bed] om. β.ylay, β.; laye, Cx.stikked, Cx.his] om. α., β., γ., and Cx.leeve, β.; leove, γ.quoth, Cx.er I wete yf, Cx.take, β. and Cx.forbeode, γ.heo, β.I, Cx.be pertiner, Cx.togodres forth yfere, γ.sokered, β.pour, Cx.ward] om. Cx.forst, β.; forst, γ.; frost tyme, Cx.werye, β.criyng, β.over, α., β., γ., and Cx.the pour, Cx.ney, Cx.kolde, β.owne] om. Cx.fuyr, γ., bis.fyer, Cx.hatter, β.dyde, Cx.hilled, Cx.stounde, α., β., and γ.; whyle, Cx.fyle, γ.fyle, γ.to his sight he] om. α., β., γ, and Cx.werþe, β.; werþ, γ.; was, Cx.anon] om. α. and βsteiȝ, β.; styed, Cx.eyr, β.; ayer, Cx.hoost, Cx.receyved, Cx.all do to our, β.; wente al to our, Cx.and to, α. and γ.; to, Cx.Domicianus.Domicianus] om. γ. and Cx.
DOMICIANUS, Vaspacianus his sone, regnede fiftene ȝere and fyve monþes;monethes, Cx.hyte to call, Cx.forbeode geldyng, γ.; forbade geldynge, Cx.þat, β.; that exyled, Cx.bylde, Cx.in] of, β.tymbur, γ.Pantheon, β., γ., and Cx.þe] twice over in MS.hete, Cx.þat is, added in β.prout, γ.Trevisa. Mathematicus is he þat haþ þe sciensscience, Cx.of] om. γ.þouȝ, β.; telle thurugh, Cx.sich, β.and] om. α.in oon] noon, β.; none, Cx.of lengthe and brede and tale þeyȝ such lengthe and brede and tale be in non body, γ.arthmetrik, α., β., and γ.; ars|metrike, Cx.geometre, β.; geometry, γ.Policratica, libro 7o.o] om. α., β., and Cx.a baar, γ.emperour, γ.; empyre, Cx.hyde, β. and Cx.; huyde, γ.pryvy ydelnesse, Cx.cachche, γ.stykked, Cx.sayd his chamberlyn, Cx.monethes, Cx.nyȝ, γ. (a mistake).exyled, Cx.called, Cx.overleop, γ.with sayd, Cx.sawe, α., β., γ., and Cx.sayd, Cx.cronycles, Cx.preestes, Cx.afore, Cx.travayled ne, Cx.Eutropius. Cornelia, þe cheef mayde of þe temþle of þe goddessegodas, γ.biried, β.alyve, α., γ., and Cx.Enariscus, α.; Anaristus, Cx.decons, γ.; dekens, Cx.trowth wolde bere, Cx.segge, γ.; saye, Cx.þei, β.lyghtly be herd, Cx.be, added in β.and] a was, γ.born forth amonge theves, Cx.undide, β.exyled, Cx.Joon, β.; Iohan, Cx.lond of] ylond, α.; ilond, γ.; yle of, Cx.Coiyllus, Cx.norysshed, Cx.Brytayn, Cx.wil mene] suppose, Cx.buylde, Cx.Coilchestre, β.þat] whiche, Cx.þe] om. Cx.chef, β.
ULPIUSVulpius, α., β., γ., and Cx.Crinitus, β. and Cx.þis] þes, γ.; he, Cx.esy, α., β., γ., and Cx.governynge of cyteseyns, Cx.revelyng, Cx.of] om. Cx.chastisede, β.; chastysed, Cx.Scytes, Cx.werre, α., β., γ., and Cx. In the MS. this word seems to have been synne at first, and then a d written over the second n.gret, α.; y-gret, β. and γ.; sa|lewed, Cx.habbe the more and, γ.and] om. Cx.echetes, α.; eþchetes, β.; echee|tes, γ.; eschetes, Cx.neodede, γ.Ich, β.I, Cx.þat] om. Cx.and] if, Cx.Helimandus, β.; Helymandus, γ. and Cx.lepte, Cx.wende] go, Cx.comynte, Cx.widue, β.; wydue weopyng, γ.som riȝt] reȝt of hem þat hadde y-slawe here sone, α., β., and γ.; right and justice of hem, &c., Cx.Ich, β.heo, β. and γ.themperour, Cx.þat] om. Cx.doo, Cx.resseyve, Cx.be] by, Cx.ȝulde, γ.that is due, Cx.yolden, β. and Cx.; yȝulde, γ.bere, Cx.doo, Cx.meved, Cx.wydue, α., β., and γ.; wydowe, Cx.on, Cx.rode, Cx.slouȝ, α., β., and Cx.widue, β.; wydue, γ.; wydowes, Cx.his owne sonne to the wydowe, Cx.For so] And bycause of this, Cx.Trevisa. So it myȝte seme to a manSo myght a man wene, Cx.Enariscus, α. and Cx.martred, β.ordeygned, Cx.sprenged in, β.; spryngt, Cx.in] among, γ.houses. Cx.unto, Cx.medled, β. and Cx.chalyce, Cx.onyng, β. and Cx.and þe unite] om. Cx.oost, β. and Cx., et infra; hoyst, γ.and] in, γ.a] of, β.þat] om. Cx.þe] þys, γ.; this, Cx.wondride, β.a] om. α.þat] α., β., γ., and Cx.Joones, β.; Iohans, Cx.throwen, Cx.turmented, β.bysylych, γ.bisilich, β.; cryed alwey besyly Cx.y-hakket, γ.hewen into, Cx.every gobbet, Cx.Iesus wreton, Cx.Novocomensis, from γ.; Nono|comensis, MS.pleter, Cx.He was mayster to T. . . . . , Cx.for] that, Cx.kuynde, γ.clerly, Cx.Adriaticus, β. and γ.of the see . . . Italy] om. Cx.he] it, β.he was] whiche is, Cx.huples, γ.so] as, Cx.trisagium, α., β., γ., and Cx.corporas, α., β., and Cx.; cor|peros, γ.sylk, α.; sylke, Cx.bote, γ.þe] no, Cx.toweils, β.towelles of the auter, Cx.me rede, α. and γ.; þouȝ me rede, β.; though men rede, Cx.Adrians, Cx.in caas, β.; peraventur, Cx.oþer] or, Cx.Trayanus, Cx.on, Cx.and mette with an herte hauynge betwene his hornes the crucifix, which sayd to hym, Cx.myche, β.after this, Cx.folled, β.; y-folled, γ.Eustace, Cx.Cassio|dorus. Þis Traianus deide in þe flux in Seleucia, þe ȝere of his age sixty and þree: his bones were i-gadredi-gadred] om. Cx.goldene urne or potte and buryed in the market place, Cx.y-mad, γ.; that he had made, in Cx. after piler.y-sprongge, γ.men praye, Cx.
ADRIANUS Helius, Traianus his cosyn, was emperour oon and twenty ȝere and ten monþes; þis was connyngekunnying, β.Gru, α.; langage of Grue, Cx.musique, Cx.ȝeotyng, γ.; meltyng, Cx.wreton, Cx.thappostlis, Cx.Atheniens, β.; Etenyens, γ.; Athenes, Cx.bad, Cx.ypreoved, γ.He, Cx.and renomme, added in Cx.prouynces, Cx.as, added in Cx.and purposed to have left Dacia, Cx.fered, α.; ferede, β.; ferede hym, γ.; caused him to chaunge his thought, Cx.Adrianus, added in Cx.eftsones yet rebell, Cx.ham, γ.dude, γ.put therinne, Cx.seþþe, α.; seþthe, γ.and sith that time the place where Crist suffred his passioun, Cx.of the citee . . . walles] om. γ.to fore that tyme, Cx.huld, γ.was flouryng whiche put hym self to silence, Cx.writeþ þat] om. Cx.ben and studyed, Cx.y-hurd, γ.ofte] om. Cx.he thought tassaye and prove the unstydfastnes, Cx.to a wenche her seruaunt, Cx.heo, β. and γ.preveylych, γ.exyte, Cx.fitting to me to defowle, Cx.ich, β. (bis); y, γ. (bis).forthwith, Cx.and understode, added in Cx.deol, β. and γ.by his defaulte in spekynge and tellynge what he was unto her, and made grete doole and sorowe and avowed never to speke after, and soo he never spak after, but, Cx.heuld, γ.unto his lyues ende, added in Cx.ne, Cx.wreton, Cx.Thelesforus, β. and γ.enleve, γ.Leynte, γ.to be fastede to fore Eester, Cx.undarn, γ.enleve, γ.on Crystemas day, Cx.Eustace, Cx.tofore, Cx.his] om. Cx.the, added in Cx.martred, Cx., et supra.Champania, γ.flourysshynge, Cx.þe] om. Cx.Hebrue, β.rewled, Cx.archebischop, γ.; archibisshop, Cx.suffrigan, β.; suffrygan, Cx.heringe, β.; heeryng, Cx.province, α. and Cx.Antonius.
ANTONIUS Pius, wiþ his sones Aurelius and Lucius, was em|perour two and twenty ȝere; þishe, Cx.that, Cx.wiþheld, γ.his dettoures of þeyre] om. β.; þe, α. and Cx.sayd, Cx.ofte, added in β.; segge, γ.leover, γ.Faustina, α. and Cx.sawe, Cx.sweord, γ.heo, β. and γ. (bis).syyk, γ.; seke for love, Cx.heo, β. and γ. (bis).Faustina, α.; Faustynas, Cx.hys, γ.enoynted, Cx.dide, β.; dude, γ.and were, added in Cx.his] om. Cx.Ieromus de viris. In his tyme Policarpus, bisshop of Ephesym, þat was IohnIohn] om. γ.; Ioon, β.was disciple to Johan thevange|lyst, Cx.þe, α.; theyr, Cx.schrewednesse of] om. Cx.brente, Cx.prayer, Cx.heest, β.byddynge of the aungele, Cx.fyschare, γ.Trogus] om. γ.he wrot, γ.as it were] he wrote, Cx.Assaria, γ.hole, α. and γ.; hool, β.; hoole, Cx.abregged, β.; Iustinus abred|ged, Cx.abregede þeos, γ.goodly, Cx.Anitetus, α. and Cx.shaven, Cx.no, γ.Galyen, Cx.phicicien, α.; phisician, β.; phisicien, Cx.was, Cx.as it were] om. Cx.them, Cx.volyms, β.; volums, γ.; volumes, Cx.skylfol, γ.; resonable, Cx.honderd and fourty, Cx.age, Cx.Lugdium, Cx.was flourynge, Cx.al þat he fonde y-made] made, Cx.of, α., γ., and Cx.wacche, Cx.beokes, Cx.and, α. and β.and, added in Cx.buþ, γ.retcheth, Cx.ner, α.Marcus.
MARCUS Antonius Verus, and Lucius Comodus, þe sones of Antonius Pius, regnede after here fader eyȝteeyȝtetene, α. and γ.; eyghten, Cx.þeos, γ.y-juyned, γ.begonne, Cx.prout, γ.befalle to him, Cx.studefast, α. and γ.his, β. and Cx.ne, Cx.a dude, γ.unto, added in Cx.leovere, γ.lay, β.; leye, Cx.vessels, Cx.rekevered, α.; recuverede, γ.pryys, γ.and] of, Cx.valwe, γ.; valewe, Cx.y-boȝt, γ.; bought, Cx.y-fongge, γ.y-bought, β.relesched, β.men, Cx.owide, β.attemperid, Cx.was in his floures] flouryd, Cx.Latoun, α.flouryng, Cx.heo, β. (bis).and] she, Cx.heo, β. (bis).myght, Cx.boone, β. and Cx.ny, γ.distruyed, β.þat] om. Cx.faileden, β.; fayleden, Cx.defaute of] om. Cx.byful, γ.Gaufridus. Aboute þe firste ȝere of þis Marcus, Lucius, Coillus his sone, bygan to reigne in Bre|tayne. Gaufridus et Alfridus. He sente lettres to Eleu|therius þe pope, for to fongeresseyve, Cx.huld, γ.hollich, β.hooly that fayth, Cx.as it were] om. Cx.a nonne] om. α. and β.monchon, β.; monchyn, γ.; a menchon or nonne, Cx.sencer, Cx.heo, β.feyl, γ.heo, β.; α, γ.; she, Cx.i-] om. α.Euletherius, γ.mankuynde, γ.ne put, Cx.weoste, γ.; Saveour wist, β.; Saveour wyste, Cx.þeof, γ.was nouȝt, α.stode, Cx.Pope, added in Cx.Forganus, Cx.follede, β. and γ.þis, α.i-] om. Cx.
AFTER Marcus, Lucius Comodus was emperour as it wereas it were] om. Cx.thyrten, Cx.to, added in Cx.by] after, Cx.shrewdnes, Cx.of his wyf] om. γ.amphiteater, γ.godas, γ.busmere, α.; busmer, γ.; wrath, Cx.þe] om. Cx.Trevisa. Amphitheatrum is a hiȝ round place y-madey-made] om. Cx.Also þis] that he, Cx.unwetyng, Cx.not in the byleve, Cx.and was i-cristened] om. Cx. folled, β.; y-folled, γ.heo was y-folled, β.stude, γ.heet] om. Cx.ye, γ.had, added in Cx.lye, Cx.bycause, Cx.deffamade, γ.y-lay, γ.; leyn, Cx.heo kitte, β.y-fulled, β.; y-folled, γ.her deffamed, Cx.y-barnd, γ.Euleutherius, γ.as it were] om. Cx.holdinge, β.; holdyng, γ.; hold|ing, Cx.Marianus, libro primo, capi|tulo 3o.o, Cx.Cristemas day, Cx.that, Cx.byful, γ.fourten, Cx.of the firste monþe] om. Cx.fyl, α.sinode, Cx.Hireneus, Cx.Lugdium, Cx.firste] om. γ.after, Cx.weke, β. and Cx., et infra.duyre, γ.myche, β.in, Cx.Theodocius, Cx.the, added in Cx.seveþe, γ.; seven, Cx.
AFFTER Iulianus, Severus of Affrica, of þe contray þat hatteheyghte, Cx.furst, γ.eþcheitour, β.; encheytour, γ.; eschetour, Cx.for to] unto, Cx.right, Cx.sterne, Cx.steurn of kuynde, γ.Arabes, α. and Cx.Perthicus, Cx.strechcheþ, γ.anoon to] unto, Cx.Beda, libro primo, capitulo 3o.o] om. α. and Cx.Severus, added in Cx.stalwordlich, β.; myghtly, Cx.but] and, Cx.torves, α. and γ.; turves, Cx.dolven out, Cx.y-juget, γ.put, Cx.Gaufridus. Lucius kyng of Britouns deide wiþ oute children, and was i-buried at Gloucestre. Þanne filfyl, Cx.was oversett] om. Cx.Deira, α. and Cx.heet] hit, α.two, Cx.and i-buried þere] om. α. and Cx.Gaufridus. Þe Bretouns cheeschose, Cx.of oon Carancius] om. α., γ., and Cx.wil mene] sayth, Cx.resede on] frayed with, Cx.Synachus, γ.is] was tho, Cx.Hebru into Gru, α.Iewes, Cx.Eusebius, libro 4o.o] om. α.; sexto, Cx.flowring, Cx.right, Cx.truwe, γ. (bis).beende, γ.truwe, γ. (bis).sentences, Cx.hadden, β.þat were culpable in, Cx.þat were culpable in, Cx.þat, γ.destruye, β. and γ.leose, γ.; bothe, added in Cx.eyȝe, β.; ye, γ.brande, γ.distruyde, γ.kynges, α. and Cx.houȝ, α. and γ.felous, α.fol, γ.wept, Cx.as it were] om. Cx.receyve the sacrament and be hoseled on, Cx.þis] he, Cx.pistils, α.; pistels, β.; epistles, Cx.þat is i-rad a children masse] om. Cx.Eusebius, libro 6o. Seynt Leonides, Origenes his fadir was i-martiredmartrid, Cx.folewe, β.besynes, Cx.prouffit, Cx.heo, β.hudde, γ.on the morrow, Cx.houȝ, γ.y-hud, γ.þere me seith] Hit is sayd, Cx.aslepe, α., β., and γ.; was aslepe, Cx.segge, γ.a gaat, γ.; that gate ever, Cx.sich, β.fadris, β.eþchetes, β.; encheetes, γ.; taken be thescheters, Cx.widue, β.meschyef, Cx., et infra.huld, γ.for] om. Cx.evere] om. γ.poursiewed, Cx.fonded, β.; vondede, γ.fulfulle, γ.foundede . . . counsail of] fol|lowed the saying of, Cx.kirtles, β.tomorowe, Cx.þat] and, Cx.ȝeode, γ.; wente, Cx.but if it, Cx.wyt, α.; wytte, Cx.buþ, γ.ghelded that ghelde, Cx.and oponlych, added in γ.manere evel, added in Cx.for to putte . . . pryveliche] om. Cx.hyre, α.he] om. Cx.writen, β.of] by, Cx.al] om. Cx.sleop, γ.noþer, γ.Giraldus. Origenes werewas, Cx.neiȝ, β.hadde] om. Cx.þe] om. α.folowen, Cx.translaciouns, α. and Cx.Hebrew, α.endlong, Cx.ȝerde, α. and β.; ȝerd, γ.spak, Cx.Ieromus, epistola 41.
thamos, γ.potteþ, γ.slepte, β. and Cx.Therefor yf, Cx.is] be, Cx.þese in his book þat hatte] whiche book heyghte, Cx.Periarchion, γ.þey] wherenne he, Cx.; α, γ.þoroȝ, γ.leiþ, β.þe] that, Cx.sauȝter, α.menace, Cx.wrote, Cx.corrected and amended, β. and γ.; er he hadde corrected and amended them, Cx.habbeþ, γ.Ich, β.gilty, α.; gylty, Cx.but, added in Cx.cheose, γ.tonne, γ.; toun, Cx.sauȝter, α.sauȝter, α.Bassianus.
BASSIANUS, Antonius Severus his soone, regnede aftir his fadir as it wereas it were] om. Cx.right, Cx.þan] from Cx.; þat, MS.Gaufridus et Alfridus. While þisBassianus, added in Cx.Caransius, α.; Carausius, γ. and Cx.cometh, Cx.but he] om. Cx.nobel, α.; noble, β.see] om. Cx.þo] that tyme, Cx.werride, β.a dude, γ.byhett, α.; bihete, β.; byheet, γ.; byhete, Cx.þat is wrongly inserted here in MS.hyred, Cx.dwellyng, Cx.medled, Cx.dwellid, Cx.Allectus, Cx.whan] om. Cx.so] om. Cx.Giraldus. And for þis Alectus grevede and pursewedepoursiewed, Cx.Gau|fridus. After þat Londoun was longe byseged, VenedotusVenedotes, β., γ., and Cx.fille, β.broke, β. and Cx.; broc, γ.Gallebroc, γ.; or Walbrooke, added in Cx.o, folweþ Eutropius in þe storie of Rome, and clepeþcalled, Cx.duk of Cornwaile] om. α.prefect, α. and Cx.Eutropius. Opilius Mar|cius,Macrinus, Cx.Morcinus prefect, α.also, added in Cx.as it were] om. Cx.þat, γ.on of] of þe, α., γ., and Cx.fastyng of the foure, β.þe] om. α.; ol, Cx.chircheȝerde, β.; churcheheyȝ, γ.; chircheyerde, Cx.in, added in Cx.Calixli, Cx.Carcalla, γ.as hit were] om. Cx.forbaar, γ.
AURELIUS Alexander was emperour as it wereas it were] om. Cx.cruwel, β. and γ.undide, β.grutchyng, Cx.Magust, α.; Magunst, β.; Ma|gonst, γ.; Magounce, Cx., et infra.Nicapolis, β. and γ.; Nyca|polis, Cx.Marcianus.Marcus, Cx.as it were] om. Cx.be, added in α., γ., and Cx.spent, Cx.þat . . . synne] om. α., β., γ., and Cx.neody, γ.afowes, γ.; vowes, Cx.prouffyt, Cx.to fore this tyme, Cx.fond, γ.; receyved, Cx.neody, γ.folled, β.; follede, γ.Cecil, β.hym, Cx.as it were] om. Cx.Sardina, α.pope] om. Cx.Sciriacus, γ.for] bycause, Cx.poperych, γ.; papacye, Cx.also] om. Cx.whiche nowe is called Coleyn, added in Cx.þat] whom, Cx.y-folled, β.bishoppes] popes, Cx.trowide, β.þe] om. Cx.and, added in γ.Magust, β.; Magonst, γ.Maximinus, α. and Cx.persywed, γ.; poursiewed, Cx.sixe, α.; six, Cx.as it were] om. Cx.cheosyng, γ.dowve, Cx.saat, γ.of, Cx.halewide, β.erretik, β.denyȝede, α.flouring, Cx.wol, γ.will mene] sayth, Cx.þe writer of stories] om. α., γ., and Cx.his] om. Cx.as it were] om. Cx.
PHILIPPhilippus, Cx.y-folled, β. and γ.studefast, α.frelich, β.; frely, Cx.y-housled, γ.in an] om. Cx.meve, Cx.lauȝwhe, γ.houȝ, γ.þe] his, Cx.Eutropius. In þe fourþe ȝere of þeseþeose, γ.; this, Cx.þis emperour, β.Marses, Cx.Marses felde, β.woke, Cx.woke busylych, γ.ordeygned, Cx.oþ, α.chalengide, β.to] om. α.Powles, Cx.in] om. Cx.Grekes, Cx., et infra.dwellyd, Cx.Help ye, Cx.ȝoure] our, Cx.from you, added in Cx.þat] this, Cx.boþe] om. Cx.and] om. Cx.poursiewed, Cx.pitt, β.; pytte, Cx.heyght, Cx.up] om. Cx.was, β.Peter his, α.Paule his, α.þe fischeres bones] bis in MS.elder, β.; elþere, γ.; older, Cx.Verona, Cx.elþere, α. and γ.Verona, Cx.þanne þe ȝonger Philip, α., γ., and Cx.hurde, γ.fader, α.dekene, Cx.pour, Cx.poursiewed, Cx.he, Cx.forȝeote, γ.maad, γ.myn, α.subgette, Cx.Orosius.Decius, α.
OROSIUS seiþ þat DeciusDesius, MS.bilding, β.; buyldynge, γ. and Cx.by] added from α. and Cx.martirlogi, γ.; martilogye, Cx.Stephen, Cx.wold suppose, Cx.þeose, γ.eyȝtetene, α. and γ.; eyghten, Cx.eldre, γ.1 þat þis sawe is i-holpe by þe cronyke þat seiþ þat this emperour11_1 þat . . . emperour] by this that, Cx.wil mene] suppose, Cx.þulke, γ.Laurence legende, Cx.of tyme, Cx.Augustes, α.þe] om. α. and Cx.for somme were first Cæsars, added again wrongly in MS.furste, γ.hille] om. Cx.; hul, γ.aryse, α. and γ.; they roose, Cx.tyme, α. and Cx.Theodocius, Cx.Egipt, α. and Cx.were] was, Cx.Agath, α.; Aggtha, γ.; Agatha, Cx.Desius, MS.slayn, β.red, Cx.Valerianus, α. and Cx.traveiled, β.; y-travayled, γ.feend, γ.as it were] om. Cx.hy, γ.empere, α.; thempyre, Cx.ful, γ.; fyl, Cx.were] om. Cx.
VALERIANUS, wiþ his sone Galienus, regnede as it wereas it were] om. Cx.was] hadde be, Cx.wychche, γ.; wytche, Cx.biganne to poursue, Cx.bymone, Cx.yen, γ.; eyen, Cx.lyves, α.werþ, α.; wax, Cx.werþ cruwel, β.werþ cruwel and sturn, γ.descryveþ, α.; discreveþ, β.; wryteth, Cx.Stephen, Cx.ordeygned, Cx.everech, β.pletar, Cx.was] om. α.aulter, Cx.Agapit, α.; Agapitus, Cx.þe martirlogi, γ.; the martiloge, Cx.better to byleve, Cx.cronykes, α., γ., and Cx.buþ, γ.were, added in Cx.and manerd, Cx.and] he, Cx.Sextus, α.parsches, γ.; departed paryshes, Cx.heyes, β.; yerdes, Cx.; church|heyes, γ.parysse, added in Cx.in Grees] om. Cx.in Grece, added in Cx.strofe, Cx.poond, γ.the pond waxed drye, Cx.buylded, Cx.to scarce, Cx.rooche, β. (bis); rooch, γ. (bis).on the morn, Cx.rooche, β. (bis); rooch, γ. (bis).neodede, γ.ynough, Cx.buylde, γ.by] the, Cx.y-wond, γ.; wont, Cx.answhers, γ.but he, inserted in β.myȝte. . .gete] gate no more, for the mawmet gaf none answer, Cx.also þe same] and the, Cx.bysylych, γ.; bysyly, Cx.in] by, Cx.hurde, γ.wont, β.to doo] om. γ.xv., Cx.Aquilia, α. and β.Felix, α.; Felyx, Cx.furste fruyt, γ.an] the, Cx.biryed, β.
AURELIUSAurelianus, α., γ., and Cx.Denmark, Cx.þe] om. Cx.oþer] or, Cx.Galles, Cx.he] added in Cx.staat, γ.encreesce, γ.solempne, Cx.counceyl, Cx.Paul] om. γ.counsail of] om. Cx.Aurelianus, added in Cx.arayed wiþ] of, Cx.swynnes, Cx.Aurelian, α., γ., and Cx.whoche, γ.þanne, α. and Cx.arithmetik, α. and β.Manes, Cx.habbeþ, γ.þere, β.firste worcheres, α. and β.; furst worchers, γ.; fyrst werchers, Cx.Giraldus et Gaufridus.Alfredus, Cx.denyed, Cx.Helene] om. Cx.þat was] om. γ.men . . . naciouns] theyr hondes, Cx.fynes, γ.peesed wel neiȝ alle, β.; had wele nyghe sette al in pees, Cx.neode, γ.stryvenge, α.dreynt, β.; adreynt, γ.; drowned, Cx.lytter, Cx.eme] sore eyȝen, α. and β.; sore yȝen, γ.; sore eyen, Cx.set aweyt, γ.uppon] for, Cx.dawes, γ.but] om. α. and γ.stynch, γ.þe] his, Cx.Diocliciani.
DIOCLICIANUS, þe sone of Dalmata þe writere, was first consul, and þan he was i-made emperour, and he was i-madei-made] om. α. and Cx.wiþoute, α., β., and Cx.by his] wiþoute, γ.Numerianus, Cx.hadde be slawe, α.; had nouȝt be slayn, β.ful ofte besy, Cx.fulfulle, γ.hym] om. Cx.and] om. Cx.hoson, γ.schoen, Cx.realich, β.þouȝ, β.y-saluwed, γ.; salewed, Cx.Herculius, Cx., et infra.oponlych, γ.liȝtliche] sone, Cx.semblant] countenaunce and semblaunt, Cx.raþer i-made hym] made him firste, Cx.chorles and yelded, Cx.ȝuld pes, γ.i-martired] om. Cx.Cesars, α. and Cx.Cesarus . . . Augustus] He þat is Augustus is gretter þan he þat is Cesar, α. and Cx.Helene] om. Cx.weddede, γ.; wedde, Cx.owne] om. Cx.fille, β.; ful, γ. (bis).huld, γ., et infra.content, Cx.wiþ] om. Cx.Maximinus, α. and Cx.hym content, Cx.mene] om. γ.Constantinus, Cx., et infra.þe sone . . . on] that was the sone of, Cx.fledde, Cx.under Dacianus] om. α., β., γ., and Cx.Pers, α. and β.; Perse, γ.; Perce, Cx.heyte, Cx.Nicene] of Iewes, γ.acompted for wryting that is called, Cx.Trevisa. Þe writynge is Apocripha whanne þe auctor þerof is unknowe.Apocrifa is a wrytyng of none auctoryte bycause thauctor therof is unknowen, Cx.for] om. Cx.nyȝen, γ.heere, α.; heer, β., γ., and Cx.pouþer, α. and γ.doust, β. and γ.submitted, β.; submytted, Cx.and putte hym] om. Cx.weop, γ.yche, α.; ich, β. and γ.deposed, β. and Cx.acorse, α. and β.; acorsse, γ.; accorse, Cx.hym, α.; him, β.; appered, Cx.by whiche he understode, Cx.loweth and meketh hym, Cx.y-mad hyȝ, γ.þou] om. Cx.buryels, α., γ., and Cx.depte, but it is evi|dently only an omission of the abbreviation mark.is] us, Cx.Narsus, Cx.underfonge] receyved, Cx.brag and boost] booste and triumphe, Cx.þe emperoure made þis pope kepe bestes and] added here in MS. by an error.Marcianus. After þe passioun of Marcellinus þe pope, þe see voydedevoyde, Cx.; sede foydede, γ.fullyng, β.; follyng, γ.halewide, β.; halwede, γ.hym, þerynne] Marcellus in þe comyn warde, β. and γ.; Marcellus in the comyn warde, Cx.eyȝteteþ, α.; eyghten, Cx.duyryng, γ.þhough, Cx.seced, Cx.barnd, γ.; brent, Cx.ynne] om. γ.bye ne, Cx.bugge noþer sylle, γ.ne, Cx.noo] ony, Cx.maumetrie, Cx.and] om. Cx.Adauctus, α. and γ.; Audactus, Cx.Bedon, Cx.coronati, Cx.alle] om. γ.Beda, libro primo,primo] om. Cx.capitulo 6o. Þat tyme Seint Albon was i|martired in Brytayne: of hym Fortunatus þe preost, in libro quem de laude virginum intitulavit, spekeþ in þis manere: "Þe plen|tevous Britayne bryngeþ forþ þe noble Albon." Whan þis Albon was a paynym he herberwedharborwede, α. and γ.; herbered, β.; lodged, Cx.clerk] man, Cx.the habyte of the clerk and cam, Cx.for a clerk] om. Cx.druyde, γ.toppe, Cx.þere] where as, Cx.eorþe, γ.tormentor, γ.Verolanium, Cx.Verlamchestre, Cx.Watlyngchestre, α., β., γ., and Cx.Beda. Þat tyme
glad, α.; alwey redy to here, Cx.huyre, γ.forsoke, Cx.ladde, Cx.þe] that, Cx. (bis).þe] that, Cx. (bis).forbeod, γ.þulke, γ.Maximius, α. and Cx.; Maxi|mianus, γ.Beda, libro primo. Þat tyme Constancius deide at ȝork in Britayne, þe ȝere of his principate þrittene, and lefte after hym his eldestelþeste, γConstancius.Constantinus, α.
WHILE Constantyn dededide, β.; dude, γ.bar, γ.falsed, γ.there, added in Cx.hurde, γ.out] added from α., γ., and Cx.hudels, β. and Cx.; huydels, γ.fonded] dyde his best, Cx.setted, Cx.answherede, γ.yseo, γ.Herkulius, α.bynyme, γ.trayson, γ.y-wryed, β. and γ.; bewreyed, Cx.Marsyl, α. and γ.; Marsil, β.; fled to Marselle, Cx.there, Cx.Licinius, α., γ., and Cx.the meyne of the palays he called spadones, that is to say, ghelded, Cx.meny] also he cleped hem, β.and men meyne moȝtes, α.; and men meyne he clepede moȝtes, γ.and also he called hem mowhthes and rattes of the palays, Cx.i-] om. α.i-] om. α.by cause, Cx.stynch, γ.in] þat, β.sayd to hym that this meschyef, Cx.his] om. Cx.but þo] and thenne, Cx.folled, β.; follede, γ.follyng, β. and γ.reysed, Cx.disputicioun, . and Cx.; dis|puteson, γ.furste, γ.Nicen, β.; Nycen, Cx.consilium Nicenum] om. Cx.þre] four, Cx.eyȝtetene, γ.widewes, γ.fonde hem, α., β., γ., and Cx.he, α.; them, Cx.neodede, γ.to liflode] om. Cx.Wondesday, γ.Thyrsday, Cx.ascended, Cx.and oyle, added in Cx.Giraldus, [distinctio]prima. Þanne Constantyn in his sevenþe ȝere wente toward a bataille aȝenst Maxencius, and sigh in his sleep the signe of the crosse schynynge in hevene, as it were brennynge leyelayte, Cx.of, α., β., and Cx.lye of fuyr, γ.by] biside, β.; beside, Cx.Thocanatha;"thoicanata, α., β., and γ.; thoy|canata, Cx.that is to saye, Cx.awoke, β. and Cx.of the crosse] om. β. and Cx.Milvium, β. and γ.areysed, Cx.Gaufridus et Alfridus. Constantyn wente out of Britayne to þe empere of Rome. Þanne Octavianus,Octavius, β., passim; Octavius, Cx., et infra.Gewessees, α. and β.; Gewissees, γ.; Jewesses, Cx.werride, β.Trahern, α., β., and Cx.Trahern þe em, γ.; eame, Cx.fille, β.; byfell, Cx.Giraldus, distinctio prima. After þat Maxencius was overcome, Constantyn was i-smytesmeton, Cx., et infra.lepre or meselrye, Cx.wreton, Cx.wil mene] suppose, Cx.smeton, Cx.tyrauntrie, β.; tarauntrye, Cx.poursiewed, Cx.duyrynge, γ.fledde, Cx.bot, α.; but, β.his meselrie] it, Cx.Giraldus, ubi supra. By counsaile of þe senatoures, and of þe bisshoppes of mys|byleved men, were i-brouȝt þre þowsand of smal children þat schulde behave be, Cx. (bis).have be, Cx. (bis).warme, Cx.lepre, β. and Cx.weope, γ.wepe and make grete sorow, Cx.De legenda Sancti Silvestri. "Þanne it were a cruel dede for to doo to oure owne þat we beeþ forbode for to do to straunge mendoo the straungers, Cx.prouffyt, Cx.and be our self overcome with cruelnes, added in Cx.oure, Cx.late, Cx.savynge] and save, Cx.cruwel, γ., et infra.; greete cruel, Cx.we shal save our lyf, but it is certayne that, Cx.schewed hem] appiered, Cx.agrised, Cx.chyldern, γ.huydeþ, β. and γ.hille] om. Cx.; hul, γ.schewide, β.a fast seve, γ.eyghte dayes, Cx.him, Cx.y-folled, β. (quater); γ. (tris).y-seyȝe, γ.Trevisa. Cathecuminus is he þat lerneþleorneþ, γ.y-folled, β. (quater); γ. (tris).follouȝt, β.; folloȝt, γ.; bapteme, Cx.y-folled, β. (quater); γ. (tris).y-folled, β. (quater); γ. (tris).to be, added in Cx.and lete the prysoners goo oute, added in Cx.and, Cx.destruyd, γ.i-sette up] opened, Cx.he mendede] amended, Cx.he bulde] y-buld, γ.; buylded, Cx.freodom, γ.teoþe, γ.reparailynge, β.; reparaillyng, γ.; reparaylynge, Cx.to] om. Cx.opnede, γ.sholders, Cx.Giraldus, ubi supra. ryche, α.he] it, β. and Cx.had, Cx.se|culer besynesse; þey hadde more.pompe and boost, Cx.wiþ] om. β. and Cx.as me troweth] as it is supposed, Cx.olde enemy] awngel of hevyn, α. Itself a correction in MS. Addit., written over an erasure.aer, γ.; yer, Cx.heled, Cx.seiþ] om. α. and γ.that, added in Cx.cressede, γ.as] om. α., β., γ., and Cx.bylded, Cx.þe apostel] om. Cx.fonte, Cx.fantston, γ.arrayed, Cx.bar a vyel, γ.bawme, α., β., and Cx.; baum, γ.In legenda Silvestri. Silvester halwede þis cherche þe nynþe day of Novembre; þat day was þe ymage of oure Savyour y-peynt in þe wal by Goddes owne work, and by no manis dede; þat ymage was i-seieseen, Cx.yet unto, Cx.auȝteres, α.; auters, β. and Cx.stablysshed, Cx.treo, γ.afore, Cx.Men saye, Cx.soo, added in Cx.bischops, γ.caves and dennes, Cx.were, α.þat] om. Cx.hurde houȝ, γ.wel for] moche bycause, Cx.heo, β.þat . . . i-knowe] om. γ.forth, added in Cx.þat. . .i-knowe] om. α., β., γ., and Cx.non, γ.ne, Cx.boles eere, γ.repreovede, γ.hit, β.lybbe, γ.named, Cx.bote, γ.yet not that, Cx.leons, γ.not make, α. and Cx.; nouȝt make, β.; make, γ.þat þey, α., β., γ., and Cx.efte. . .lyve] lyve agayne, Cx.wole, β.trowe hym] byleve on hym, Cx.areyse, Cx., et infra.þat he haaþ i-slawe] om. Cx.promysed, Cx.reysed, Cx.and the Iewes, Cx.byleveden, Cx.Cristis] the, Cx.þe citee] om. Cx.Trevere, Cx.for her beaute, Cx.dude, γ.fonde there the holy crosse and departed it and left one part in Ieru|salem, Cx.dede] dyde do putte, Cx.þe nayles] them, Cx.heo, β.feurþe, α.; ferþe, γ.swolow, Cx.þer] om. Cx.was] hath ben, Cx.Bysanus, Cx.afterward by] after, Cx.made fayr, Cx.with buldynges] om. Cx.; booldes, α., β., and γ.howses, Cx.þuder, γ.men] om. Cx.Giraldus, ubi supra. In þe bygynnynge of holy chirche were but þre patriarches, as it were in liknes ofin stede of, Cx.þeose þre sedes, γ.Marchus, γ.all, added in Cx.it is supposed, Cx.lond, α., β., and Cx.; hond, γ.Eusebius in Eccle|siastica [historia], libro 10o. Constantinus dedeto, added in Cx.his peple] preestes, Cx.in the Synode of, Cx.commaundement, Cx.eche, Cx.apon, γ.ham, γ.everich of oþer] om. Cx.cause of] om. Cx.whoche, γ.peyntes, α.þulk, γ.þe] thylke, Cx.by] to be, Cx.ich, β.unfittynge, Cx.buþ, γ.; ben, Cx.ȝou, β.sylf, γ.trete, Cx., et infra.ȝour] om. Cx.wolleþ, α.; wole, β.in the myddel demynge God] om. Cx.; Godes, α. and γ.; Goddes, β.syȝ, β.; y syȝ, γ.ony, Cx.synwe, β.covere, Cx.bycause that for, Cx.ben comen, Cx.in] into, Cx.fuyre, β.twellyfth, Cx.leorneþ, γ.fayth, Cx., ut semper.eyȝteteþe, γ.made, added in Cx.y-fulled, β.; y-folled, γ.Synode of, Cx.eyȝtetene, γ.Iuill, Cx.Arrians, Cx.Arrians Fotmos, β.; Fotinos, om. γ.Nycholas, Cx.Leynte, β. and γ.ordeyned that the fastyng of the lente that tho for hond dured, Cx.is] om. α.resseyve, Cx.writeþ] om. γ.wryten, Cx.anong, γ.yonge, Cx.þe] om. Cx.was flouryng this tyme, Cx.dryve, α.; dryven, Cx.receyve, Cx.ar, γ.delyvere, Cx.as for plegge, Cx.truwe, γ.Juvencus, α., γ., and Cx.versus, β.ordeynde, α.ordeyned the bisshop Hostiensis shold, Cx.writen, β. and Cx.puplisched, β.; publesed, γ.epystola, γ.exiled, γ.; exyled, Cx.Andreu, γ.; Seynt Andrew, Cx.buþ, γ.; were, Cx.borne, Cx.þan, γ.yfolled, β. and γ.; crystned agayne, Cx.efte, β.oon] om. Cx.the, added before Arrians, Cx.into, β., Cx.; ful into, γ.understonden, β.; understanden, Cx.his registre, β.; in his regyster, Cx.Maurys, α. and β.; Maurice, Cx.apreoved, γ.; approved, Cx.uppon þe xiiii. psalm, β.; upon the fourten salme, Cx.Isidre, γ.; Ysidre, Cx.Grekes, Cx.feest, β.Maii, β. and γ.Constancius.
CONSTANCIUS, þe grete Constantyn his sone, regned after his fadir deth wiþ his breþerenbreþeron, γ.bispronge, β.; bysprounge, γ.dyspysed, Cx.chaced, γ. (bis).for ten, α.; fourten, Cx.chaced, γ. (bis).churche, γ.bely, Cx.schad, γ.; he voyded, Cx.and . . . schoot] and so he dyed there meschevously, Cx.schote, β.; dryt þat a schoot, γ.distruye, β.dude, γ.baad, γ.bylded, Cx., et infra.eorþe, γ.sith men, Cx.Eusebius in Historia Eccle|siastica, libro 11o.trespaced, Cx.chastynge, α.fledde, Cx.hudde, γ.huydyng, β. and γ.bar, γ.wychcraft, γ.þeos, γ.schuld . . . strif] sholde come to his answer, Cx.þanne] om. Cx.bade, β. At this point it will be observed that all the versions but the Harleian leave out the trans|lation of the text from delitescente to hospitasse. The same omission occurs in all texts I have examined, and the words are inserted out of their place in chap. xxix, which I have here transposed.huyred, β.; huyrede, γ.segge, γ.was resseyved therby, Cx.Athanacius, α.; Athanasius, β. and Cx.Tymotheus, β.heo, β.nouȝt, β.truwe, γ.fleme, γ.; exyled, Cx.seker, Cx.syȝ, β.; sawe, Cx.al that while, Cx.ywryed, γ.; bewreyed, Cx.wiþ] by, β. and γ.yong woman, Cx.þan, β.westward] om. Cx.i-sokoured, α.; sokoured, β.; ysucrod, γ.Treverent, β. and Cx.þat . . . manere] om. Cx.ful eft, γ.; agayn, Cx.rewardis were promysed to, Cx.apostatas, Cx.rowede, β.poursiewed, Cx.waar, Cx.coude not byleve, Cx.hym] with hym, Cx.axsede, α.; axed, β.forþ, added in β.: forth, added in Cx.Insibin, γ.eres, Cx.and stoutes] om. Cx.; stontes, α.; stoute, γ.schedde, α. and β.; schadde, γ.and disparcled al thoost, Cx.sprang, α., β., and γ.; sprange, Cx.heed, α.; hed, β.þe] of, γ.wiþ, α., β., γ., and Cx.Ursacius, α., β., γ., and Cx.aysyer, γ.and] om. α., β., and Cx.þe] om. α. and γ.forbeod, γ.rethor, α.; rethour, Cx.gramaryen, Cx.Payters, β.and] an, β. and Cx.bischop of Arelatensis an Ar|rian, γ.Martinus. Me useþ for to seiesegge, γ.of, added in β. γ., and below.and not of gallina, Cx.Trevisa. Gallus isis] y, γ. (bis).is] y, γ. (bis).þan . . . cok] thenne he ment that Hillarye was a frenssheman, Cx.cokke, β.saye, Cx.erth, Cx.Lordes] Lord hys, γ. This page of γ. is very much rubbed out.tote, α., β., γ., and Cx.resseyve, Cx.founden, Cx.no cronyk, β.; no cronyke, Cx.auctentik, Cx.
WHANNE Constancius was dede, Iulyanus þeþe] om. β.apostata, Cx.Pigmeus, α., β., and Cx.had ben tofore, Cx.Iohan, Cx.sones, Cx.eme, γ.slayn, β.fol, γ.pop holy, Cx.habyte, Cx.covered, Cx.asshes, Cx.steenes fol, γ., et infra.coude, Cx.witnesses, β.; wytnes, γ.; wyt|nesses, Cx.atte receyvyng of them, Cx.sye, γ.heuld, γ.; toke, Cx.þerwiþ] om. Cx.and dyde so moche that he was consul, Cx.temple] þe empere, α. and β.; þemper, γ.; thempyre, Cx.leornede, γ.tofore] bifore, β.; there cam byfore, Cx.vanyscheden, β.; feendes fan|schede, γ.hated moost, Cx.schewide, β.wychche, γ.promised, Cx.roop, γ.rialiche, β.; realych, γ.crowen, Cx.þei, β.he, added in Cx.for] om. Cx.distruyed, β.supposed, Cx.þanne, β.dude sacrefys, γ.mawmettes, β.ful, γ.syȝe, γ.; sawe, Cx.lesteþ, γ.fikeled, β.; vyclede, γ.tokne was, γ.constraynyng of Cristen, β.sometyme] repeated in MS. by error.repreovede, γ.þonke, α. and γ.bynome me my, γ.ypryved, γ.Antiochia, Cx.vylthe, γ.ars, Cx., et infra.wromes, Cx.on] a, β., and Cx.apon, γ.vessels, Cx., et infra.Maryes, β.buylde, Cx.mennes, Cx.gelded, β.; eunuches that is ghelded, Cx.his] þe, β.servy, α.þat þat he blamed, β.; þat þat he blamede, γ.he dide nouȝt, β.; a dude noȝt, γ.philosofre, γ.noþer, β. and γ.dawes, γ.Publius, β. and Cx.his lord] om. Cx.by hoot, α.; bihote, β.; pro|mised, Cx.sophistris, Cx.supposest, Cx.Chesysont, γ.mevyng, Cx.bodies, β. (bis); bodyes to bodyes, γ. and Cx.Orosius, α., β., and γ.; Oro|cius, Cx.to] into, β.þrust, α.; þirste, β.; þurst, γ.; thyrste, Cx.redde, Cx.lyf, Cx.barlych, γ.; barley, Cx.heyȝ, γ.hit is sayd, Cx.þy] om. Cx.heyȝ, γ.syȝ, γ.; saw, Cx.trone, α., β., γ., and Cx.Clepuþ, γ.; Clepe, Cx.þes, γ.whereas this sight was seen, Cx.wepen, β. and Cx.; wepne þat ȝut heng, γ.hyng, α.; heng, β.; henge, Cx.fanschede, γ.syde, α.þou hast overcome, bis, β.; þu . . . overcome, bis, γ.ȝit] om. Cx.ful fulle, α.; fulfille þi silf, β.þe] þysylf, γ.; thy self, Cx.in the same place, Cx.tofore, Cx.commaunded, Cx.þes, γ.forkitte, β.fordyde that bonde, Cx.drough hym, Cx.emperour, α. and β.emperoures, α.yhurd, γ.Al] Also, β., γ., and Cx.neode, γ.deade, Cx.evil smel, Cx.afuyr, β. and γ.
VALENTINIANUS wiþ his broþer Valent regnede as it wereas it were] om. Cx.curteys, β.; corteys, γ.; cur|toys, Cx.O, α., β., and Cx.is] was, β.I] ich, β.þengke, γ.prouffyte, Cx.was] is, β. and Cx.sillyng, β.; sullyng, γ.; was for to selle, Cx.schwok into, γ.in] into β.aroose and.clyves, β.many, β. and γ.þe] ech, β.; at þe] on eche, Cx.bybel, γ.seventy] LXX interpretes, Cx.neiȝ, β.clerkes, γ.sauter, Cx.þat] added in β.be] to be, Cx.psawter, α.; psauter, Cx.Freynsch, γ.psawter, α.sauter, α. and β.from . . . word] word for word, Cx.To . . . hatte] To the aungel þat song, β.; Unto the songe that the aungel songe, Cx.to] om. α., β., and γ.Didimus, α., β., and γ.; Dy|dimus, Cx.fifte, α. and β.; vyfte, γ.; fyfth, Cx.parfyȝt, α. and Cx.expowne] and expownede, α., β., γ., and Cx.of] at, γ.Turone, Cx.seinte seinte] om. β. and Cx.Cesarea, β., γ., and Cx.Capadocia, β. and γ.kunnyngest, β.and instituted, added in Cx.reule, γ.consuls, β., γ., and Cx.foys, γ.þat so, α., β., γ.that he shold be so, Cx.Calprun, β., γ., and Cx.dekenes, β.Conches, α., β., γ., and Cx.follyng, β.; hys follyng, γ.cleped Oncat, β.; a was cleped Sucat, γ.German cleped, β. and γ.is] is to saye, Cx.þe] om. α., β., γ., and Cx.feynes, γ.an evel, α., β., and γ.; an evil, Cx.oþer] added in γ.Agatho, Cx.Evagrius, Cx.leorne, γ.yhurd, γ.or . . . vers] om. γ.is] is to seye, Cx.fulfilled, α. and β.; fulfulde, γ.þes fers, γ.that, Cx.in, Cx.þat] om. β.heo, β., γ. (bis).have] habbe, γ.; be delyverd of, Cx.ar heo, γ.trouth, Cx.parfyght, Cx.flee] flee fro, Cx.kepe siylence, Cx.alwey] added in β. and Cx.sudary, γ.of] away, Cx.yen fol ofte, γ.yȝe liddes ful, γ.In] om. γ.ȝeode, γ.wente to reste, Cx.his] þe, β.West, Cx.unto the tyme that he sawe, Cx.by the morowe, Cx.and, α.what] om. Cx.segge, γ.eyr, β.; heyer, Cx.Ich γthat was deede tofor his fader,βeyr, β.dede afore, Cx.gladly, Cx.he mevede lyghtly, Cx.and ȝit] om. Cx.ȝut a was, γ.nobel, γ.connyng, γ.wryt, γ.sturyngs, γ.his] om. Cx.seyden, Cx.mayst, Cx.leorne, γ.Ich, β. (bis).both, added in β.Ich, β. (bis).chorle, Cx.fowler coverd, Cx.tylde, γ.that henge to his myddel, Cx.usede is here inserted in α.paleys α.; palays, Cx.vourty, α.yere after, Cx.Paphinicus, β.; Paphinicius, Cx.abyt, γ.; habyt, Cx.comyn woman, Cx.Thaisis, α.leover, γ.haþ, γ.leorne, γ.wiþoute eny speche] and kepe sylence, Cx.agenes, β.; aȝenes, γ.; ayenst, Cx.paner, γ.erneþ, β.Musius, Cx.unto the tyme he, Cx.thyrten, Cx.heo, β.thyrten, Cx.bote, γ.þat saveþ hem þat tristeþ, β.; þat saveþ ham þat trysteþ, γ.haþ, β. and γ.þee, β.; þe, γ.yfolled, β. and γ.staves, α., β., and Cx.arwe, γ.; arow, Cx.brent, β.; there was brent, Cx.
GRACIANUS, whanne he hadde i-reigned wiþ his fader Valen|tinianus
elþere, γ.ȝonger, α. and Cx., ȝongre, γ.Beda, libro primo, capi|tulo 19o. Þis Gracianus, whanne he sigh þat [the]þe state, β.fallen, Cx.Sithes, β.; Schites, γ.Atharicus, γ.score] om. α.heretyk, α., β., and Cx.syggyng, γ.þe manere seeng of] om. Cx.þe] om. α., γ.; on, Cx.Sondawes, γ.aȝenste heretikes] om. α., β., γ., and Cx.Siricius, β., γ., and Cx.Gaufridus et Alfridus. Octavius, kyng of Britouns, wax olde, and prayde on Maximus, þe nevewe of Heleyne and senatour of Rome, for to comecome] come from Rome, Cx.chyldern, γ.the] to be, α., β., γ., and Cx.at] om. α.a wer fol, γ.hym] om. α.; hem, β. and Cx.; ham, γ.Armorica, β., γ., and Cx.þat he axede] om. Cx.; axide, β.Eutropius et Beda, libro primo. Maximus was a noble man and a stalworthe, save þat he dededide, β.oþ, γ.subget, Cx.cruwel, β.he fliȝ] aflowe, β.; a flowe, γ.Lugdun, α., β., and γ.; Lug|dunum, Cx.sleiȝþe, β.; sleyȝthe, γ.Aquilia, β. and Cx.and there putte, Cx.Gaufridus et Alfridus. In þe mene tyme Conanus, duke of Litel Briteyne, hadde no wille to wedde Frenschemen douȝtres, and sente to Dynotus, dukeduyk, γ.for habbe, γ.faireste] om. Cx.and . . . and] in harde weder, α. and β.; in þe se in hard stormes, γ.were drowned in the see by tem|peste and storms, Cx.caste, Cx.corsede duykes, γ.fauctours, Cx.þeos twey corsede duykes, γ.he, α.; om. β. and γ.þey spyed] aspyed, Cx.led, α.; lad, β.helples, β. and γ.; helpeles, Cx.hurde, γ., et infra.two, Cx.chaced, Cx.corsede, γ.bote þes, γ.he] and, γby cause, Cx.tirauntree, β.; tyraundys, γ.; tyrantrye, Cx.stude, γ.only comes the last word in Cx.þemper, γ.heeste, β.Arelate, α., β., γ., and Cx.þe eorl, β.; erl, γ.
THEODOCIUS, Gracianus his sone, whan his fader was i-slawe, regnede wiþ his emeeame, Cx.eleven, α.þey] a, γ.he hadde] om. α.In historia tripartita.tripertita, Cx.and, Cx.neiȝ, β.eorne, γ.crysler, γ. and Cx.slepe, β. and Cx.kuynde, γ.lyche, γ.meoke, γ.subget, Cx.wreþþe, β.; bygan to wexe wroth, Cx.softe, β.; segge softe, γ.er, β. and Cx.; ar, γ.sece, Cx.huyre, γ.open, βdon his penaunce, Cx.mercye] om. Cx.or if, Cx.repelled, Cx.ychaungide, β.was slayne, Cx.Arbogastes, γ., et infra.opward, γ.that, Cx.dide neþer, β.tofore, Cx.grete] om. Cx.cruwelnesse, β.Arbogastes, α., β. et infra, and γ.snarl, α., β., and γ.; suar, Cx.Viane, Cx.þe maister of knyȝtes] om. α., β., γ., and Cx.oon Eugenius] om. γ.axide, β., et infra; axed, Cx.hermyt, β., γ.; heremyte, Cx.at Egipte] om. γ.he, Cx.Gyen, α., β., γ., and Cx.fol, γ.bygyled, γ.Pelagians, α., β.; Pelagias, γ.; Pelagyens, Cx.punysshe, Cx.he] a, γ.is it were] om. Cx.huld, γ.Claudianus, β., γ., and Cx.was that tyme flouryng, Cx.oxon, γ.barnd, γ.enfecte, Cx.aer, γ.; eyer, Cx.; apeire þe eyr, β.Marcianus. After Ciricius,Siricius, β.Anastasius, β., γ., and Cx.receyve, Cx.in] a, β., γ., and Cx.Beda, libro primo, capitulo 10o. Aboute that ȝere Pelagius, a Bretoun, hadde helpe of Iulianus, bisshop of Campania, þat was to forehond i-putte adoundoun, α.ynowȝ, β.buþ, γ.tofore er that, Cx.neodeþ, γ.fullye, β.; folly, γ.Trevisa. [Adop|cion]as . . . were] and amitteth hym as, Cx.Pelagius, α., β., and Cx.he] a, γ.sayth, Cx.wiþ oute] oute of, Cx.manliche, α.; manly, Cx.; travelide manlich, β.siche, β.rethour, Cx.er, β.Ethellfrede, Cx.þulke, γ.Ablunensis, β.; Ablimensis, Cx.þe] om. Cx.cosse, β.to kysse the pax at masse, Cx.emperice, β.; emperys, γ.y-prokered, β.
HONORIUS, whanne his broþerbroder, Cx.as it were] om. Cx.repreovede, γ.answherede, γ.ych, γ.reise, Cx.Eutro|pius, libro 10o. The oost of þe Gothes was i-slawe in Thuscia,Tuscia, β.ledare, γ.sacrifice, Cx.flockes, Cx.men] hem, β.at, Cx.come] om. Cx.on, γ.and] om. Cx.axide, β.while] as, Cx.hem, Cx.distruyed, β.iren, β.; yron, Cx.on, α.afier, β.fledde, Cx.Paulus, libro 2o.undecimo, Cx.ceeseden, β.; seceden, Cx.Julianus, α.an] a, Cx.Eutropius. The þridde day after þat Rome was i|take, Alaricus lefte the citee and destroyeddistried, β.Cicilia, β., γ., and Cx.buried, β.; buryede, γ.here, γ.wiþ grete riches, β.; wiþ gret rychches, γ.þe, β. and γ.þe, β. and γ.turnede þe, β. and γ.aȝen, β.; aȝe, γ.hys oune, γ.distriede, β., et infra.is] was, Cx.ful, γ.were] om. Cx.and alterid, added in Cx.soster, γ.Heo, β. and γ.founden, Cx.leorne, γ.resone, β.þanne, β.to] the, Cx.furste, γ.relyques, Cx.heo, β. and γ.raþer] to fore, Cx.and is here wrongly inserted in MS.huld, γ.moneþes, β.and þat a gelded man schuld nouȝt be made a clerk, added in β.; and þat a gelded man scholde noȝt be mad a clerk, added in γ.halewed, β.ȝiȝonnius, γ.woman, β.; womman, γ.waysche, γ.noþer, α.; ne, Cx.noþur hondele, γ.senser, β.; censer, Cx.Gaufridus et Alfridus. Þanne þe deth of Maximus þe tyraunt, þe knyȝt þat longede to Rome, was i-knowe, and also þe deþ of Con|stancius was i-knowe, and þe forsaide enemyes,enymys, γ.slouȝt, γ.fram, β.byhoteþ] promysed, Cx.vor, γ.and axith] for to have, Cx.alway] om. α., γ., and Cx.of the people] om. α., β., γ. and Cx.destriede, β.henymys, γ. (bis).to] added in Cx.þwert, β. and γ.torvys, γ.profyt habel vram, γ.from . . . hatte] whiche dured fro, Cx.see] om. α., β., and γ.þe weste . . . is] om. Cx.where, α., β., γ., and Cx.soker, γ.and, α. and γ.in þe lond] om. Cx.destruyde, γ.as to forehonde] om. γ.; as they dyde to fore, Cx.thyck, Cx.heiȝ, β.; hye, Cx.for] from see, α., β., and Cx.; fram se to se, γ.leve theyr cowardyce, Cx.to hem] om. Cx.the Romayns] they, Cx.no, Cx.have while] a whyle, γ; come fro so fer, Cx.in] and, β.so] om. γ.made, Cx.hem] om. γ.ensaumple of] om. Cx.bilde, β.in, α. and Cx.þere] where as, Cx.londyng, Cx.Giraldus.Gildas, γ. and Cx.covere, Cx.membris, β.retorned, Cx.they had done to fore, Cx.Beda. Þey slowȝ þe wardeynes of þe walles and oþere men of þe lond, and men of þe lond were i-dryve out of hir hous and hirhir] of, γ.þeefþe, β.; þeofthe, γ.to] om. Cx.everyche, α; everech, β.suker, γ.paryll, Cx.ful, γ.forto] for, Cx.baar, γ.as it were] om. Cx.thentre, Cx.salm, β.schulde . . . vers] sholde be sayde the verse, Et introi bo ad al|tare, Cx.salm, β.grael, β. and γ.offretory, γ.sacrement] sacrynge, Cx.decon, γ.papacye, Cx.ferþe, β.; ferþ, γ.sinod, β. and γ.Theotocos, α.; Theotochos, β. and Cx.; Theothocos, γ.to saye, added in Cx.was] om. Cx.Wandels, Cx.þe orped man] that myghty, Cx.dude, γ.orpedliche] manly, Cx.dide mych, β.empeer, α.; in þe empire, β.; þemper, γ.; in thempyre, Cx.
THE yonge Theodocius Archadius his sone, regned wiþ his douȝter housbonde Valentinianus as it wereas it were] om. Cx.Freynschmen, γ.the] om. α., β., γ., and Cx.provyncis, β.anon] om. Cx.þeos, γ.empere, α.; empire, β.; emper, γ.; in the empyre, Cx.and they were merciful to, Cx.sleiȝþe, β.aȝen] om. Cx.werrie, β.surlych, γ.; sewrly, Cx.to a come, γ.Giserichus, Cx.distried, β.þat matir] the metre, Cx.metre, β.; meter, γ.that saith, added in Cx.likkeþ, α.; likþ, β.; lykþ, γ.hadde i-rad] radde, γ.þy] his, Cx.Spaynardes, Cx.in] om. γ.in his] om. Cx.his] om. β. and Cx.oþer] om. Cx.hosbond Humericus, γ.walled, β.; wellede, γ.; wam|bled, Cx.Guntamundus, α. and γ.; Gut|tamundus, β. and Cx.regne, Cx.opnede, γ.Humericus, γ.as it were] om. Cx.goten, Cx.Glomaurus, Cx.hit, β.Tarvernensis, β. and γ.; Ter|verensis, Cx.caritate] from β., γ., and Cx.; carite, MS.emperice, β.; þemperys, γ.chaynes, γ.out] om. α. and γ.þey Peter . . . tyme] om. Cx.þe, α., β., γ., and Cx.ham, γ.; promysed hem, Cx.drowned, Cx.on, β.On, Cx.kussed, α.felk, Cx.it] om. α., β., γ., and Cx.kitte, β.grucchide, β.; gruchgede, γ.; grutchyd, Cx.prayede his bedes] made his prayers, Cx.besoughte, Cx.of] om. Cx.blessyd, added in Cx.woned, α.; wond, γ.denyede þat, added in MS. again.verrei, β.; verrey, γ.þe, α.; atte, β., γ., and Cx.auter, γ.faste, α. and γ.ouȝt] oȝt, γ.; ony thynge, Cx.hit, β. (bis).hit, β. (bis).synnes, α. and Cx.ben foryeven, Cx.unwyse handlyng, Cx.hul, γ.Celius, Cx.aroos, Cx.myche, β.þeose, γ.cave, Cx.ascape, β.wodnes, γ.hy, γ.slepte, Cx.bygge, γ.; bye, β. and Cx.hou, α.; houȝ, γ.schewide, β.a] an, γ.and . . . God] om. α. and γ.Eutices, γ.agayne, Cx.Eutropius. Aboute þat tyme oon
Anthila, γ.Denmarch, β. and.neiȝ, β.Alverne, β.; Alvern, γ.; unto Alverne, Cx.schenship, β.; shendship, Cx.thenne, Cx.þeose, γ.desireþ, α. and Cx.rechcheþ, γ.; retcheth, Cx.likiþ, β.leve] byleve, Cx.kevereth, α.; cureþ, β. and γ.pryte, Cx.habbeþ, γ. (bis).habbeþ, γ. (bis).Cathalmites, β.; Cathulintes, Cx.leuges, β.; leghes, Cx.noon] no batayl, Cx.; batail added in γ.sides] om. Cx.i-slawe] om. γ.streem, γ.Borguyn, γ.Eutropius, libro 9o. Kyng Athila, as þeyþouȝ, β.; though, Cx.gretter, β. and Cx.; grettre, γ.in] om. Cx.bisegide, β., et intra.citee] om. γ.Trecasina, β.; Trecasma, Cx.up] om. Cx.it] they, Cx.ic, β.; Y, γ.wolf, α., β., γ., and Cx.Goddes] om. Cx.flok, α.neode, γ.blente, Cx.þoroȝt, γ.noþer herte] ne hurted no man, Cx.; hirte, β.; hur γ.was i-chased] om. γ.þere] om. Cx.Aquilia, α.hit, β.nyghtes, Cx.clerkes] om. α. and β.; men, Cx.; peple added in γ. by a later hand.wol, γ.half] name, Cx.neyȝhede, α. and γ.; neiȝide, β.; approched, Cx.and . . . hors] om. α., β., γ., and Cx.ful, γ.repreoved, γ.arayned, β.; resoned, Cx.y dide, β.prouffyt, Cx.y syȝ, α. and γ.; y siȝ, β.; sawe, Cx.knyȝt, β.; knyȝt, γ.; a stronge knyghte, Cx.þat, added in γ.y dide, β.Eutropius, libro 9o, et Beda, libro primo,et Beda, libro primo] om. Cx.capitulo 13o. Aboute þat tyme þe poure relyfpore relef, β.; relef, γ.and to, α., β., γ., and Cx.shewe, Cx.gronynge, α., β., and γ.; greves, Cx.chacen, Cx.wepen, β. and Cx.; wepne, γ.oþer] or ellys, Cx.be, α.; buþ, γ.drouned, Cx.Gaufridus et Beda, ubi supra.ubi supra] om. Cx.encreced, Cx.þeeves, β.; thevys, Cx.hulles, γtriste, β.Pictes, α.; Pyctes, Cx.outmost, β.; otmeste, γ.; putte oute unto the utterist, Cx.place to dwelle ynne, Cx.evere among] om. Cx.honger, α. and Cx.; ful so gret honger, γ. In the MS. the scribe had first written prayes, which he has expunged, but the termination of the erroneous word has been written in the correct one.aer, α. and γ.; eyr, β.; eyer, Cx.thousandes of, Cx.of, added in γ.Gau|fredus and Alfredus.]fourþe, α.; fourth, Cx.disclarede,.kyngis, β.Surcetre, β. and Cx.; Sircetre, γ.to be shorn, Cx.a] om. α. and γ.tweye, α.Guydelynus, Cx.norisshe, Cx.teche, Cx.And] from α., γ., and Cx.; Ad, MS.Vortigerus, Cx., et infra.Gewisses, α. and β.; Gewysses, γ.; Iewesses, Cx.Constatyn, γ.slouȝ, α.dul and slowe, β. and Cx.slouȝ and dol of wyt, γ.Vortigernus, α.; Vortegernus, β.; Fortigernus, γ., semper.ynowȝ, β.at þe fulle] om. Cx.; atte folle, γ.Constantyn, γ.by cause, Cx.and not culpable, added in Cx.Whan, added in Cx.þe tweyne] two, Cx.flyȝ, α. and γ.
MARCIANUS wedded Theodocius his suster, and regnederegnede] was, β.as it were] om. Cx.furste, γ.Eutices, γ.distrieden, β.; destroieden, Cx.Ryn, Cx.ful, γ.of] om. Cx.bigan to, Cx.encreesse, γ.flok, α.; flock, Cx.heordes, β.; hurdes, γ.; and governours, added in Cx.al] om. Cx.drongnes, γ.cokkynge, α.; cokking, β.; fyghtyng, Cx.of deth] om. Cx.ful, γ.so] om. Cx.awelde forto] om. Cx.alyve, β., γ., and Cx.a gretter vengeaunce, Cx.counseil] om. α. and β.to goo] and sente, α., β., γ., and Cx.over see] om. Cx.þe] om. γ.sokour, γ.unknowen, Cx.wicked, β.; wykked, γ.; wycked, Cx.Gaufridus et Alfridus. Vortigernus dradde þe Pictes þat [he]y-hurd, γ.took hym to reede] concluded, Cx.Beda, libro primo. Þanne þe Saxons,Saxon, α.placeles, β.wonye, β. and γ.havyng no place to dwelle in, Cx.into Bretayne] om. α., β., and Cx.and come] om. Cx.obilas, α., β., and γ.; obylas, Cx.resseyve, Cx.wonye ynne, γ.Willelmus de Regibus. Wel nygh al þe lond þat lyethliþ, β.mych, β.; muche, γ.borge, β., γ., and Cx.buþ y-kut, γ.hewen, Cx.tren, β. and γ.fatnesse, α.; fattnesse, β.; fat|nes, γ. and Cx.eorþe, γ.releveþ, α., β., and γ.; releve, Cx.þe eldere] om. Cx. elþer, γ.covere, Cx.saye, Cx.þat a buþ, γ.neode, γ.straunge, α. and Cx.dwelle, Cx.breþeron, γ.kyngen, β.; kyngene, γ.; kyn|ges, Cx.for] for as moche as, Cx.clepide, β.Woden his day, α.hy dude by sacrylegy, γ.the lestel, Cx.evermore] om. γ.Beda, libro primo. Þere come of þreof þre] thre of, Cx.Jutes, α., β., and Cx.Kentisch, β.; Kentysch, γ.; Kentysshe, Cx.Weyght, Cx.Dee, β. and Cx.Shrovesbury, α. and β.; Schroys|bury, γ.; Shrowesbury, Cx.to] toward, Cx.Est] om. Cx.Temse, β. and γ.Mercea, γ.Trevisa. Forto know rediliche þe meres and þeþe] om. α., γ., and Cx.whar þeos, γ.o. Henricus, libro 2o. Þeseþeose, γ.seilide, β.bente, α.; bent, γ.; bete doune, Cx.Brytayne, Cx.Stanford, Cx.Lyncolum, Cx.scheftes, γ.sweordes, γ.Gaufridus. And so Vortigernus hadde þe victorie by help of þe Saxons, and ȝaf to Engistus lond in Lindeseye, þere he buldebuylded, Cx.þongcastre, γ.; Thongcastre, Cx.biclippe, β.ki tte, β.huyde, α., β., γ., and Cx.þwong, γ.Beda, libro primo. Þanne tyþinges come home of þe goodnesse of þe londe of Bretayne, and of þe feblenesse of men þat wonede þerynne; þanne was i-sende a gretter navey forto make more nombre of Saxons, and þey feng and undertook þe werrethey to toke on them the warre, Cx.Willelmus de Regibus, libro primo. Þanne at þe secounde tyme þe Saxons come wiþ sixtene schippes, and brouȝte wiþ hem Hengistus
merveyl, α.; merveyl of kuynde and wonder syȝt, γ.; mervayle, Cx.of siȝt, β.; of sighte, Cx.byhuld, γ.heo, β. and γ.egged, Cx.consented that Engistus shold sende, Cx.Gaufridus et Alfridus. Þis weddynge was i-made, and þe kyng putte away his laweful wif, on þe whichewhoche, γ.Beda, libro primo. Þanne þe Saxons con|spirede wiþ þe Pictes þat þey hadde i-putte out to forhond, and tornede toto] for to, Cx.axiden, β.distruyde, β.slowe, Cx.Gaufridus et Alfridus. Þanne þe Bretouns sigh þat þey were overset wiþ multitude of Saxons, and [counsailedecounceyleden, Cx.forsake] for, γ.; bycause, Cx.kyng] om. γ.Willelmus de Regibus, libro primo. After þe sevenþe ȝere of þe confeþe|racye he fauȝt aȝenst þe Angles ofte in smal bataylles, but fyvefyf, γ.Henricus et Gaufridus. Þe firste of þeseþeos, γ.Derwont, Cx.apon vord, γ.wondide, β.eche, Cx.tho, Cx.fledde, Cx.bryngke, γ.þese, α. and Cx.; þeose, γ.stepdame, β. and γ.; stepdam, Cx.Vortimerus, β., γ., and Cx.manly, Cx.Gaufridus et Alfridus. Whan Vortimerus hadde i-fouȝte andhadde i-fouȝte and] om. α. and Cx.in] to, Cx.Maii, γ.þat] om. Cx.Anglysch, γ.Nymeþ, α., γ., and Cx.; Ny|meth, β.sexses, γ.hoson, γ.Eldol, β., γ., and Cx.stake, α., γ., and Cx.seventen, Cx.feng for] resseyved, Cx.Genoren, β. and Cx.Cloarcius, β. and Cx.; Cloar|vus, γ.gistes, γ.; ghestys, Cx.to] added in Cx.wepne, γ.; and after toke theyr wepens and foughte, Cx.o, telleþ þat Vortigernus lay by his owne douȝter, in hope þat kynges schulde come of hym, and gat on here a sone; þerfore he was acursed of Seint Ger|mayn and of al þe companyecompeny, β.poursiewed, Cx.after, added in Cx.Gaufridus, α.; Gaufr., Cx.comen, β.Otte, γ.; Octe, Cx.louȝ, γ.his sone] om. Cx.Gillomaurus, α., γ., and Cx.worþe, β.; a werþ, γ.; waxe, Cx.dryngke, γ.y-huyred, γ.wreton, Cx.weornede, γ.herber, β.; lodgynge, Cx.heorde, β.; an heurde, γ.holy] om. Cx.herberowed, β.; harburwede, γ.; lodged, Cx.to þe] for his, Cx.reysed that calf, Cx.heurde, β.; heurde, γ.astoned, Cx.þat doynge] wonder, α., γ., and Cx.forthon, Cx.heordes, β.; hurde, γ.bifil, β.Powysye, β., γ., and Cx.Buly, γ. and Cx.hurdes, β.; heurde, γ.is i-seide . . . spekynge] it is in a manere doubte as, Cx.getynk, γ.ich, β.þes, γ.hyt ys, γ.yf I supposed that it were trewe, Cx.
VALENTIANUSValentinianus, β., γ., and Cx.Eutropius. He dradde þe fortune of Aecius andand] om. γ.ful, γ.Aprill, Cx.consulatus, Cx.of] at, γ.hurde, γ.hewed, Cx.lymmele, β., throwen lymmele, Cx.manslaughter, Cx.ryches of the cyte, Cx.whuch, γ.heo, β. and γ.Gregori, γ.dialog, α.; dialogorum, γ. and Cx.raunsoms, α.; raunsons, Cx.his] and, Cx.wydowes, Cx.bare hym] dyde soo, Cx.offys, γ.and] that he, Cx.and gate, added in Cx.Marcianus, libro primo. In Marcianus hishis] om. Cx.vyfte, γ.; fyfih, Cx.Aeglysthorp, α. and γ.; Aeglis|thorp, β.; Aglystorp, Cx.Cartigernus, Cx.eche, Cx.Beda, libro primo, capitulo 17o. Þat tyme þe fey of Bretouns dede
faste, β.and] om. α. and β.waste . . . slide] faste fayle, Cx.dude fast awey slyde, γ.for] bycause of, Cx.sokour, γ.Altisiodorus, β.þey sesede] om. Cx.; þey cee|side, β.; hy cesede, γ.seecyd, added in Cx.they, added in Cx.trouthe, Cx.loore, γ.; and techyng, Cx.helide, β.; hy heelede, γ.damysel, Cx.Saynt, added in Cx.dede] lefte, Cx.relyquyes, Cx.holy] om. Cx.eorþe, γ.of þat] out of that holy, Cx.harburgh, γ.; lodgynge, Cx.hym bytake] delyverd hym, Cx.mennes, Cx.þe Saxons] om. γ.associat unto, Cx.and] added in γ.þe pees of] om. Cx.to] so, Cx.were dysparpled, γ.to schad] departed, Cx.Crecanford, β.; Crekenford, Cx.ȝut, γ.soo, added from Cx.eyghten, Cx.Acepheles, Cx.agaynesayd, Cx.Calcedonense, α.; Calcydo|nense, Cx.Wyptisflete, α. and γ.; Wiptis|flete, β.; Wyptysflete, Cx.Wypetysfleet, γ.vletyng, γ.and þe place . . Wepet] om. Cx.
ZENO þe emperour regned after Leo seventene ȝere. In his tyme deyde Childericus þe fourþe kyng of Frensche men, and after hym his sone ClodoneusClodenus, Cx.Lewes, α.; Lewis, β.; Lewuys, γ.; Lewys, Cx.ȝere] om. γ.fyften, Cx.wondre huge] grete, Cx.Almayns, α., γ., and Cx.a byhuld, γ.; loked, Cx.folled, β., et infra.; y-folled, γ.sosters, γ.buþ y-folled, γ.Raynes, Cx.crysma, Cx., et infra.dowve, Cx.byle, γ.of Raynes, Cx.Aladericus, Cx.werride, β.Gyean, γ., et infra; Guyan, Cx., et infra.promysed, Cx.þe] om. Cx.þat, β.; hurde þat, γ.in] om. α., β., γ., and Cx.tua] om. α., β., γ., and Cx.wiþ] om. Cx.hogelych, γ.for] om. Cx.hym, α. and Cx.strechche, γ.hye, Cx.hyȝ hulles, γ.of] om. γ.Arrogonia, β.; Arrogonnia, γ.; Aragon, Cx.Pireni, Cx.besette, Cx.curtel and a gurdel, γ.prouffyt, Cx.las (bis), γ.elþer, γ.Homericus, Cx.commaunded to, Cx.fuyry, α., β., and γ.; fyry, Cx.by cause, Cx.þey] a, γ.and sygge, added in γ.put, Cx.lete, Cx.uryne and foul ordure eche, Cx.stynch, γ.paine, Cx.Seynt Medard and Seynt Gyl|dard, bisshops of Roen, confessors were, Cx.Henricus, libro 2o. Elle and his þre sones, Cunen,Cimen, α., β., and γ.; Cymen, Cx.Plettinger, β.; Plegtinger, γ.; Plettynger, Cx.Cuneneshore, β. and Cx.Andresleger, β., et infra, and Cx; Addresleger, γ. (bis).Henricus, libro 5o. AndreslegAndrysleger, Cx.Lymme, Cx.Barnabas, Cx.cave, Cx.styyl, γ.Willelmus de Regibus, libro primo. Þat ȝere Hengistus deide in Kent two and þritty ȝere after his comynge.into Engelond, added in γ.; into Englond, added in Cx.drof, β. and γ.leover, γ.cruwelych þan lawefolych, γ.heuld, γ.noȝwhar, γ.Eutropius, libro 4o. Also in þis Zeno þe emperour his tyme Aurelius Ambrosius usede þe purpure in Bretayne upponapon, α., passim.uppon caas] om. Cx.Manmertus, Cx.eorþe, γ.quakynge, Cx.parelle, Cx.of resynge] om. Cx.duffrens, γ.Seynt, added in Cx.Marc, γ.Paulus, libro primo. Aboute þat tyme Agrimundus þe firste kyng of Longobardes, orer, β. and Cx.; ar, γ.comyn woman, Cx.hadde i-bore] om. γ.burþon, γ.þerforþ] forth by, Cx.oo childe] oon of hem, om. α., β., γ., and Cx.huld, γ.norsede, γ.; dyde do norysshe, Cx.bisilich, β.; bysylych, γ.nobley, Cx.right wel, Cx.and . . . besiliche] om. γ.hy ȝaf, γ.soo, added in Cx.to] om. γ.Theodoricus, γ., Theodericus, Cx.delyverd, Cx.bytwene ham, added in γ.eyȝtetene, γ.lese, β. and Cx.Aquilia, γ.; Aquylya, Cx.resseyved, Cx.Frauns, γ.dwellyd, Cx.y-juyned, γ.siche, β.
ANASTACIUSAnastasius, β., and Cx.furste, γ., bis.furste, γ., bis.Ambrose, Cx.þoo, α.; thenne, Cx.Giral|dus in Topographia. In his tyme were þe abbot Columba, þat
Kolunkillus, Cx.veyled, β.; veylede, γ.; veyled and professyd, Cx.heo, β. and γ.by] om. Cx.þeose, γ.hulster, γ.same], om. Cx.as] om. α., γ., and Cx.Duneus, γ.; Dymens, Cx.founden, β.sir Johan, Cx.Henry, α. and γ.; Haryes, Cx.þeose, γ.wreton, Cx.yburd, γ.Me seiþ] Men saye, Cx.on ys, γ.drof, β.venemos, γ.it was graunted to hym, Cx.yrysch, γ.Auntecryst, γ.bote, γ.Martirlogi, γ.Glastenbury, β.; Glastebury, γ.; Glastenbury, Cx.Bartilmew, Cx.as it were] om. Cx.thorders, Cx.yoven, Cx.in] om. Cx.in chirches] in the masse tyme, Cx.schewide, β.; yschowed, γ.Miȝhels, β.; Mychaels, Cx.Gargano, β.buþ yclepud, γ.Beda, libro primo, capitulo 7o.o, α. and Cx.slauȝt, β. and γ.Badonhulle, γ.; Badon hille, Cx.Ambrose, Cx.Henricus, libro 2o. Þat ȝere tweie dukes of Saxons, Cerdicus and his sone Kynricus, wiþ fyve schippes,schipes, γ.on] a, γ. and Cx.Cerdychesore, γ.Gernemouth, β.; is called Yar|nemouth, Cx.of] oute of Cx.no] his, Cx.þes corsede, γ.Anastius, γ.man slauȝtes, γ.; manslaugh|ters, Cx.þey] om. γ.cheosers, γ.assentynge] om. Cx.election, Cx.poure, γ.dekene, β. and Cx.þe] om. Cx.wold suppose, Cx.meneþ] wene, Cx.seynt, add. Cx.hit] om. Cx.Freynsch men, α. and γ.Remene] Raynes, Cx.weopynge, γ.And . . . tokene] And prayd his moder that, Cx.be] om. α., β., γ., and Cx. rightly.wesche, β.wiþ watir of] om. α., β., γ., and Cx. rightly.eft] agayne, Cx.þis] om. γ.for to] til, β.fort a, γ.Raynes, Cx.sparowes, γ.Henricus. Þat ȝere oon Porth wiþ his tweie sones com alond at PortesmouthPortesmouthem, α.; Porthes|mouþ, β.; Porthesmoutham, γ.Natanleos] om. Cx.Natanleos, a man] om. β.; Matauleos, γ.Ambrose, Cx.Merlyn] om. γ.Stonehenges, Cx.Stonhenge, β. et infra.Salesburye, β.Stonhenge, Cx. et infra.lawefolych, γ.Vortigerus, Cx.þis Gillomaurus] Added from β.; þes Gillomaurus, γ.Iugerna, Cx.nobel, γ.bote a, γ.ypoysond, γ.clergi, γ.rewle, Cx.beem, γ.favoured Entices, Cx.sylf, γ.willeþ, α.; wolde wol, γ.; wol, Cx.commaunde, Cx.commaunded, Cx.besette, Cx.his, add. β.; hys, add. γ.Engystus, Cx.Octa, β. and Cx.Marianus,
libro 2o. Þat tyme Iordanus þe bisshop was in his floures, and made a cronyke. Iustinus.Iustinus] om. α.
BEDA seiþ þat Iustinus þe elderelþere, α.telle, Cx.instauns, γ.þe, α.; the, Cx.feyth, Cx.Henricus, libro 2o. Þis is þe ȝere after þe comynge of Angles þre score and elevene.ellevene, β.; enlevene, γ.kyngdom] yere, Cx., wrongly.Kynricus, γ.specialych, γ.Stuffer, Cx.Wiȝtgar, β.; Wyȝhtgar, γ.; Wyghtgar, Cx.Cerdychsore, γ.woche, γ.yove, Cx.Trevisa. Loke more of þe kyngdomkynge, Cx.under Cerdicus] om. α. and Cx.vurste, γ.o.o, α., β.; decimo-quinto, Cx.volweþ, γ.Ioon, β., et infra; vurste Jon, γ.; Johan, Cx., et infra.as it were] om. Cx. passim.þreo, γ.helde, Cx.consuls, β. and γ.pes, γ.or, Cx.hurde, γ.worschyplyche undervonge, γ.; worshipfully receyved, Cx.huy, γ.Boece, β. and Cx., et infra.vor, γ.þarvore, γ.by . . . resouns] om. α. and Cx.Boecius, Cx.foure is written in another hand in β, five; voure, γ.; fyve, Cx.repreve, β.vurste, γ.at, α. and Cx.a lernede ham atte volle, γ.ars, β. and γ.vyfty, γ.versus, β.; verses, Cx.whoche, γ.Divinitas, γ.Scicilia, β. and Cx. passim.apostlis, β.Petur, γ.to saye, Cx.wordle, γ.Heo, β.hure, γ.owne] om. Cx.Cecily, Cx.vorþe, γ.Ver, γ.Ich, β.plas now ich rest, γ.straunge, Cx.troone, β.schapede, γ.vor, γ., constantly.Ravenne, Cx.vour skore dawes, γ.a hadde volfulled, γ.tirauntrie, β.; tyrauntrye, Cx.Vulcanus, α., β., and γ.Vulcanus crokce, Cx.Luparis, Cx.vurþe, γ.seke, Cx.enoynted, Cx.er, β.ar huy, γ.cursed, Cx.compot, β., γ., and Cx.ytouchide, β.vurste, γ.
IUSTINIANUS, Iustinus his nevew on his suster i-gete,goten, Cx.neiȝ, β.volume, Cx., tris.volume, Cx., tris.by lisiarchus, divisim, β.; By|lisyarchus, γ.; Bilisiarchus, Cx.cruwel, β. and γ.lewide, β.on] a, Cx.Sonday, Cx.born, Cx.Agapitus, α. and Cx.Silverinus, γ.vyf, γ.emperice, β.; emperys, γ., et infra.Anthemius, Cx.vorehonde, γ.Seynt Davy, Cx.Mevenia, Cx.þat is] om. Cx.Virgilius, Cx.pursywed, γ.; poursiewed, Cx.emperys, α.; empresse, Cx.Anthemius, α., γ., and Cx.al a day, β., γ., and Cx.byful, γ.; byfyl, Cx.Theofolus þe archdeken, β.; Theofolus tharchedeken, Cx.and þe firste . . . heretikes] om. β. and Cx.fifte, α.; vyfte, γ.þouȝ, β.þey þes, γ.papacye, Cx.for] by cause, Cx.verrey, γ.; veryly, Cx. puts after repentaunt.Henricus, libro 2o. Þis was þe tenþetueþe, γ.Cerdicus, α. and Cx.aryse, α. and γ.; taryse, Cx.voȝt, γ.vurste oppon, γ.Jues, α, β., γ.Dougglis, β.; Dongglys, Cx.an, α., β., γ.erneþ, β.; urneþ, γ.vram, γ.Lancasshyre, Cx.Henricus. Þe sixte bataille was uppon þe ryver Bassa. Þe sevenþe bisides Lincolne, [in þe wode þat heet Celidon, þat now hatte Lin|colne].in the wode þat hatt Celidon, but in brittysch hit hatte Caercoyt Celidon, &c. The sentence is expanded in γ. as in β.hulle, γ.Willelmus de Regibus, libro primo. Þisys, γ.wham, γ.Bretouns, α.; Britouns, β.; Brytons, γ.gone, Cx.tellen, Cx.preyseþ, γ.lyers, α. and γ; he pat praisiþ soþe storyes and nouȝt fals, β.; he that prayseth sothe storyes and not false, Cx.contrary, Cx.mennus, β.; mennes, Cx.vyȝte, γ.courageously, Cx.hulle, γ.; Badenhill, Cx.Men rede, Cx.voȝte, γ.ȝyf a wer, γ.vyȝte, γ. passim.werie, β.nuyfol, γ.yave, Cx.Hamptschire, β.and he made fayth and swore to hym, Cx.vor regne, γ.oþere contrayes tounes, γ.faver, β.bote, α. and γ.yl, γ.Glastingbury, Cx.of hys wyf Guennevere, γ.; of his wyf Gwenner, Cx.yvounde, γ.Henre his, α.; Herry hys, γ; Harryes, Cx.cherch, γ.o, þat was on lyve and handelede Arthur his bones. FurþermoreVurþermore, γ., and similarly always.Arthour, α.for] om. Cx.; vor, γ., constantly.allone, Cx., who adds moche after so.goten, Cx.suget, β.sethe þat huy, γ.myche, β.and] om. Cx.telleþ þat . . . Gaufridus] om. Cx.his, α. and γ.]founden, β.; yvounde, γ.and of the . . . tyme] om. Cx.knowen, β.eyther, Cx.noþer] ne, Cx.vyfte, γ.speke not, Cx.Ich, γ.more] om. α., β., and Cx.myche, β.of] of it, Cx.neiȝ no, β.; wel ny of no, γ.on cas] sothe, Cx.caas, β.Gree, γ.; Grekes, Cx.here] theyr, Cx. quinquies.here] theyr, Cx. quinquies.here] theyr, Cx. quinquies.here] theyr, Cx. quinquies.here] theyr, Cx. quinquies.þat] it, Cx.vor veyrness, γ.Trevisa.Trevisa . . . in the storye] om. β.; all the passage Trevisa . . . for Austyn (p. 339) is omitted in Cx.maged, γ.evydens, γ.con, γ.volweþ, γ.it] om. γ.nouȝ, α.noþer, α. and γ.soster, γ.gospelour, γ.muynde, γ., et infra.hem] om. α.huy, γ.derklych, γ.no, α.specialych ȝyf, γ.sethe, γ.offser, γ.ynemened, γ.in] om. γ.Wyllyham, γ.Malnesbury, MS.magil, α.; magged, γ.ful] fol mad, α. and γ.magyl, α.; maged, γ.volweþ, always, γ.o, telleþ þat þe doyngesdoyngis, β.Athenes, Cx.grettur, γ.hadden, Cx.heiȝ, β.; hyhe, Cx.hyg and heoge, γ.Gaufridus, γ.; Gaufredus, Cx.Medredes, γ.; Mordredus, Cx.voure, γ., et infra.four yere after he had regned, Cx.þreo, γ.vayr, γ.stronge, Cx.ȝyftus, γ.vyse, γ.unlykyng, γ.þe] om. Cx.lyvynge, β.waar, Cx.senten, β. and Cx.that he made hym subgett, Cx.yiuined, γ.chaside, β.Creticus, Cx.vram, γ.besyeged, Cx.Sissitre, Cx.droof, α. and Cx.yren, β.; yron, Cx.yr and wiþ vuer, γ.hoole, β.vader, γ.twellyfth, Cx.Trevisa. Brenicia is þe northside of Northumberlond,Norþhumberlond, β.Scotysche se, γ.o, þere þou myȝtemay, Cx.vynde, γ.befel, Cx.Gregorius, Cx.dialoger (sic), α.her, β.kitte, β.of] om. Cx.þey, α.vul, γ.fylle ynne, Cx.Cicilia, β.nobellych, γ.crieden, β.; cryeden, Cx.huld, γ.payed, Cx.archedeconery, α.pot, γ.archedeconrye, α.vul, γ.into] in, Cx.huyred, β.whitche, Cx.vorsok, γ.worschippe and] om. β., γ., and Cx.and] om. α.sorowfull, Cx.and] he, Cx.and] om. γ.vorȝenes, γ.knowlechide, β.trespaas, Cx.pepul, γ. bis; people, Cx., bis.Theofile, β. and Cx.þere] where as, Cx.and . . . synnes] om. α., β., γ., and Cx.Vigilius, β., γ., and Cx.werryd, Cx.Benetes, β.at þe laste.þe] om. β. and Cx.cruwelnesse, β.trompes to be blowen, Cx.asayȝe, γ.spyryt, γ.comen, Cx.Sone, doo, β. and Cx.vul, γ.to vore, γ.and wolde nouȝt arise er þe holy man, β.; and he wolde noȝt aryse ar þe holy man, γ.Myche, β.nyne] bote nyȝen, γ.cruwel, β.chaunsceler, γ.Henricus, Cx.Willelmus de Regibus, libro primo. But at þe laste he was i-hated of
host, γ.his] the, Cx.twelfþe, β.; twellifth, Cx.neygh, Cx.sillinge, β.; whanne a syȝ Eng|lysch childron to sullynge, γ.In his tyme seynt Gregory sawe Englysshe children to selle at Rome, and acorded . . ., Cx.þare, γ.Trevisa. Loke pleynliche of þe province of Deyra in þe firste book, capitulo 51o.Trevisa . . . 51o] om. β. and Cx.In the mene tyme] om. β., γ., and Cx.Theodwulfus, β. Theodwolfus, γ. and Cx.Freodulphus, Cx.while] om. Cx.and, α. and Cx.Paulus, libro primo, in fine.]oppon, γ.Geppides, γ., et infra.sched, α.; schend, γ.sparbled, α.; sparpled and de|parted, Cx.Albuynus, γ.þe] om. γ.vader, γ., et infra.vourty, γ.godliche, γ.resseyved, Cx.place, Cx.in . . . slawe] om. α. These words are repeated in the MS.byhuld, γ.sychede fol sore, γ.; syghed, Cx.sore] ful sore, β.lef, β. and γ.terre, β. and Cx.to] om. γ.desputous, γ.to . . . hem] om. α. and Cx.ylyche, γ.straples, β., γ., and Cx.sparlyvor, γ.; sparlyme, Cx.veld, γ.beþ ysched, β.; buþ ysched, γ.; where thy broder was slayne, Cx.strongly thyse mares conne, Cx.kunneþ kike, β.wepen, β. and Cx.hiltes, Cx.ceesside, β.; sessyd, Cx.sle a gist, β.; gyst, γ.a ghest in his hostelrye, Cx.Willelmus de Regibus, libro primo. EthelbertusEthelbrutus, β., et infra.Ermericus, β. bis.; Ermericus, Cx., bis.Ermericus, β. bis.; Ermericus, Cx., bis.sone, α. and γ.among] om. α.; over, β. and Cx.vyve and vyfty, γ.In his yongthe, Cx.scorn and busmer, α. and γ.; scorn and bysmer, Cx.neiȝ, β., semper; dwellyd nygh, Cx.elþere, α.myche, β., semper.hurde, γ.vorsok, γ.curside, β.woche, α.promysed, Cx.wicked, β.yvonge, γ.receyved the feyth, Cx.Martinus. After Pelagius þe þridde Iohn was pope þrittene ȝere. Þet tyme Precianus þe gramarion,gramaryen, Cx.not only, Cx.gramere, β.wyde] om. Cx.he] om. γ.edes, Cx.his] om. γ.sudeken, β.; subdedene, Cx.versus, β.; versis, Cx.veet, γ.an] om. α., β., γ., and Cx.wondres, α., β., and Cx.wordes irad] wondres of Yrlond, γ., evidently by an omission of the scribe, who has left out all the rest of the sentence.speken, Cx.and, α. and Cx.telle, Cx.boones tourned, Cx.hymself, γ.leyn, Cx.yley opryȝt, γ.plas, γ., ut semper.seynt, add. Cx.Iustinianus.Justinus, α.
AFFTER Iustinianus þe secounde Iustinus regnede enleven ȝere. Þat man despisede pore men, and spoylede þe senatoures,
yave, Cx.al] om. Cx.coveitise, β.coffres of yre, γ.do] kepe, γ.yron for to put in his tresour, Cx.vul, γ.looste, β.Beda, libro 3o, capitulo 3o. In þis prince his firstepryns his vurste, γ.prust, γ.hulles, γ.þare vore, γ.Whyȝt, α.thenne, Cx.Marcianus, libro 2o. Bridus,Bridius, α., β., and Cx.Beda, ubi supra. Þanne Columba com to þe norþ Pictes, and fengvyng, γ.þey] Hii, γ., and Cx.mēīs, α.; meynees, β.; vyf meyny, γ.; meynes, Cx.buylde, γ.bylded, Cx.prust, γ., et infra.ben, Cx.war, γ.huy, γ.Eester, Cx.folewide, β.volwede þe circulus, γ.anon to] unto, Cx.decretes, Cx.ver, γ.; fer, Cx.wordle, γ.Paulus, libro 2o. Narses
Thotilia, α; slowȝ Thotila, γ.envyȝe, γ.þat] om. Cx.Grekes, Cx.here, Cx.meved, α. and Cx.; meoved, β.; moved, γ.put, Cx.emperys, γ., et infra; empresse, Cx., et infra.retorne, Cx.wymmen witt fynde, β.; wy|mens wytte, Cx.and wyþ wemmen wyt vynde cost and wollene, γ.heo, β.of] to, Cx.Napels, γ.leve] om. γ.veldes, γ.; poure feldes, Cx.come, Cx.noble] om. Cx.londes, Cx.he, α.dyde, Cx.Eester, Cx.ȝok, β.; yock, Cx.delyvered] om. α., β., and Cx.yreuled, γ.patricies, α.; patrycies, Cx.Ar, γ.Fuyry ostes, α. and β.; Vury hostes, γ.; Fyry hoostes, Cx.seen, Cx.therefore, Cx.Ligurgia, Cx.houses in, β.menne chanels, γ.; mennes cha|nels, Cx.achcherus, α. and γ.; akcornes, β.; akehornes, Cx.brennynge fever, Cx.vleye, γ.; fledde, Cx.tilyer, α.; tylier, β.; tylyer, γ. and Cx., which adds of the londe were.ne, Cx.places, β.; plase, γ.sepulcres, Cx.grucchyng, β.; grochynge, γ.; grutchyng, Cx.ne, α. and β.; nether, Cx.vores, γ.; forowes, Cx.þere] none, Cx.Paulus, libro quinto. Þe Longobardes haveþhabbeþ, γ.shave, Cx.þe] theyr, Cx.sched, α.; ysched, β.; to vore huy hadde lokkes ysched, γ.; sched, om. Cx.uside, β.wonte, Cx.i-hiȝt] om. Cx.woven, Cx.hye shoon, Cx.to, α.; up to, β., γ., and Cx.þonges, γ.her, β.tyllede to the homme, γ.outake] reservyd, Cx.Paulus, libro 2o. Whanne þe kyng Albuinus rood in at þeþe] om. Cx.reysed, Cx.ypreked, γ.and with speres] om. Cx.vorto, γ.; unto the tyme that, Cx.relesched, β.revoked and relesed, Cx.pupel, γ.had i-woned] dwellyd, Cx.kyng of] om. Cx.Geppydes, γ.; Gespydes, Cx.his] the kynges, Cx.scolle, γ.in] a, γ.pathera a Latyn, Cx.oon] om. Cx.Verona, γ. and Cx.heo, β., et infra; heo, γ.vader, γ.hure, γ.herself pryvely, Cx.damoysel, Cx.supposed, Cx.not] ner, γ.sekerly, Cx.oþer] nowe that, Cx.sleo, γ.and soo he slowe the king, Cx.under, α., β., γ., and Cx.that tho slepte, Cx.y-drawe, α. and γ.; drawen out, Cx.scabarge, α., β., and γ.; sca|berde, Cx.for] by cause, Cx.and defende] om. Cx.that other cam to, Cx.vly, γ.; fledde, Cx.to] with, Cx.wel] right, Cx.veyr, γ.prefeit, β.velede, γ.; felte, Cx.Parideus, Cx.wuste of the vurste, γ.spectakel, γ.som] om. Cx.potte, γ.; to putte, Cx.he hadde] om. Cx.secrete counceyll, Cx.vor telle, γ.þe] om. γ.vorsede, γ.Perydeus, Cx.Ethelbertus, Cx.yave, Cx.Wilbandun, γ.; Wylbaldoun, Cx.Cutwulf, Cx.strongly, Cx.aȝens, γ.Bedefort, γ.toke fro them, Cx.Eynesham, α.; Eyvesham, γ.vol of myrakcles, γ.bygan to waxe seke, Cx.aȝenes, β.voure dawes tovore May, γ.dide, β; dyde, Cx.medowes, Cx.voure and vyfty, γ.versus, β.; versis, Cx.veet, γ.volvuld, γ.cikel, α.; cirkel, γ.Eester tyme, Cx.worl, γ.wole, β.men suppose, Cx.Tiberius.
TYBERIUS Constantinus was emperour sevene ȝere. Þis was myldeste of alle men, and ȝaf þe tresour of þeþat, γ.Y, β.neode, γ.doþ, γ.; put, Cx.pament, β. and γ.; paviment, Cx.be] om. α. and Cx.trede, α., β., γ., and Cx.veet, γ.preented, α.; prented, γ.vorhedes, γ.grave, Cx.haf] toke, Cx.op and vond, γ.is wreton, Cx.nam, α., β., γ., and Cx.fro, Cx.meschef, β.þat, β.greten, Cx.muynde, γ.veyrnes, γ.Marcianus, libro 2o. Þat ȝere Ceauli|nus kyng of West Saxons overcome þe Bretouns, and took of hem þre famous citees, Gloucestre, Surcetre, and Vautancetre.Vatancestre, α.; Bathancestre, β.; Bathe, γ.lasted, Cx.
MAURICIUS was emperour oon and twenty ȝere; a good Cristen man of byleve. He overcome þe PersPerses, Cx.Armenyes, α., γ., and Cx.last, Cx.discordede, α. and Cx.; des|corded, γ.so] om. β. and Cx.mych, β.vondede, γ.adrawe, γ.hurde, γ.Wolt, β.eyther, Cx.þat] om. Cx.þou] om. γ.meschyef, Cx.to] om. Cx.vondede, γ.þefþe, β.; þeofþe, γ.robrye, β.wont to doo, Cx.meoved and made, β.; moevyd, Cx.he vlyȝ, γ.Marianus, libro 2o.]Fethanleigh, β. and γ.; Fechan· lege, Cx.Cutha, α., β., γ., and Cx.Beda, libro primo. Elle kyng of Deira deide, þe ȝere of his kyngdomregne, Cx.Ethelbertus, Cx.breþeren, α. and Cx.; þreo bryþren, γ.Audoenus, Cx.vorsok, γ.Rothomag', β.; Roan, Cx.Paulus, libro quarto. Aboute þat tyme GuntramiusGuntramus, γ.; Guntranus, Cx.disperpled, Cx.heder and þuder, γ.wexe, Cx.slep, γ.luytel, γ., et infra.crept out, Cx.vondede, γ.wold have passed, Cx.slept, Cx.a cave, Cx.hulle and abod, γ.trewe] om. Cx.ymet, γ.brugge, γ.hulle, γ., et infra.huy, γ.yvere, γ.; to gyder, Cx.that cave, Cx.a grete, β.a gret helynge, α. and γ.; cover|ynge, Cx.þe, α. and γ.Cabillena, γ.Beda, libro primo. Þe holy fader Columbanus, wiþ Seint Gallus and oþer noble disciples, com out of Irlond in to Burgoyne, and bulde þere þe abbay LuxoniumLuxovium, β.Brunnylda, β.; Brumulda, γ.; Brunmylda, Cx.resseyve, α.vongeþ bote yrysch, γ.monges, γ.fil, β.; vul, γ.stynch, γ.chanels, β., γ., and Cx.wod þat a, γ.þe] om. Cx.plaiying, β.; pleyng, γ.cometh, Cx.that men use to say whan they snese, Cx.to, α.to sugge, γ.gapeth, to make a crosse to fore his mouthe, Cx.a decon, γ.Mark his day, α.; on Seynt Marcus daye, Cx.vor he sete in the vurste, γ.monchons, β.; abbases with here menchens, γ.; menchons, Cx.lewide, β.widues, β.wyves, γ. and Cx.Beda, libro primo, capitulo 3o.o, α.; vicesimo tertio, Cx.Seint] om. γ. and Cx.beokes, Cx.evangelia, α., β. γ., and Cx.Ezechielis, Cx.Pastorale Dialogorum, Cx.vastynge, γ.Leynte, α., β., and γ.ykitt, γ.potte, γ.auter, γ.prechynge, α., β., γ., and Cx.lyf, γ.vorgendred, γ.; covenable lyf is sette a part, Cx.pupel, γ.though, Cx.Peres, α., β., and γ.; Pers, Cx.yswore oppon, γ.þe] om. Cx.Cryda, Cx.Colfritus, β.; Colffricus γ.; Calfritus, Cx.Cuthulfus, β., γ., and Cx.strongly, Cx.his broþer] om. γ.Colwulfus, β., γ., and Cx.Beda, libro primo, capitulo 5o. EthelfridusEtheffridus, γ.Yda, Cx.right, Cx.distruyed, β.Acta, β. and Cx.Oswyus, γ.Beda, libro 3o, capi|tulo 3o. Columba þe abbot is deed and buried in his abbay in þe ilond Hii. Beda, libro 5o, capitulo 9o. He hadde a name i-made of Acella and Columba, and was i-cleped Columkillus.Colunkillus, Cx.Beda, libro primo, capitulo 23o. Also þat ȝere þe grete Gre|gorie seint Austyn þe monk, wiþ oþere,wiþ oþere] om. Cx.and Austyn was aferd and, Cx.þulke, γ.and also, Cx.Paulus, libro 5o. Also þat ȝere þe Longobardes by nyȝte assayedassayled, Cx.the hulle] added in γ.vlye, γ.reule, γ.a wyȝt, α. and γ.Emia, γ.; Evinia, Cx.plas, γ.saf, γ.; sauf, Cx.in þe . . . alonde] twice over in MS.men interpretours, Cx.to be . . . wiþ] om. γ., wrongly.in . . . men] om. Cx.aiþer, β.what, β. and γ.For to . . . þe londe] om. Cx.interpretours, Cx.þat] om. Cx.heele, β.royaume, Cx.resseyved, Cx.yvonge hure of hure, γ.out of] withoute, Cx.walkon, α.; welken, Cx.areysed, Cx.op, γ.lyf, α., γ., and Cx.; lif, β.ye promyse, Cx.for] for as moche as, Cx.Y. β.anon] yet, Cx.by cause ye ben come fro ferre, Cx.of] from, β.ver, γ.we, γ. and Cx.vynde, γ.fynde suche thynges as shal be nedeful to your lyflode, Cx.may, Cx.awey] om. Cx.vastynge, γ.follede, β.; vollede, γ.; crystned, Cx.in, α., β., γ., and Cx.for to] unto the tyme, Cx.Trevisa. Here take hede of þe difference bytwene Dorobernia and Dorovernia oþer Dovoria, ffor Dorobernia is Canterburye, and ladde here lyf þere,and . . . þere] om. α., β., and γ.o. Þanne it foloweþ in þe storie:Trevisa. . . . storie] om. β. and Cx.his, α. and Cx.; hys, γ.Crystes, Cx.Chirche, β.buylded, Cx.Poul, β.Beda, libro 26o, capitulo 2o. In þe mene tyme Austyn by helpby help] om. γ. and Cx.reliques, β.; relyquyes, Cx.Siche, β.As] om. γ.useþ, β.; useth of al goodes, Cx.that tho goodes sholde be deled on, Cx.veynde, γ.herbergrye, β.; herbegerye and suche as they nede, Cx.þe chirche] cherches, α. and Cx.spended, Cx.places, α.þingis, β.subarbis, Cx.voure veet, γ.Perce, Cx.and] om. α., β., and Cx.Beda, libro primo. Þat ȝere Austyn by hestecommandement, Cx.Austyn] om. Cx.Ethelbertus, Cx.biscoppes, γ.Austynes oc, α.; Austyns oc, Cx.Wiccies, β. and Cx.Anglys, γ.þey] þat a, γ.errous, α.specyalyche, γ.Eester tyme, Cx.ar, α. and γ.; til, Cx.whoche, γ.vorþ, γ., which puts it after i-brouȝt.here, α.ȝef huy vonde, γ.chayer, β.; in þe byschop his chayer, γ.þarvor huy vorsok, γ.in grete wrath, Cx.Assente me specially, Cx.wolleþ, γ.; yf ye wole, Cx.and] in, γ. and Cx.þewe, γ.ȝeveþ fullouȝt, β.; ȝeveth volloȝt, γ.; yeve ye crystendome, Cx.Y, β.vonge, γ., bis; resseyve, Cx. bis.of, Cx.vonge, γ., bis; resseyve, Cx. bis.hit, β.folfuld, γ.pupel, γ.
AFFTERþat added in γ.; that added in Cx.Foca, γ.In his firste ȝere] om. Cx.Edam, γ.Dexsastan, β., γ., and Cx.Thedbald, β. and γ.; Theo|baldus, Cx.ladde, α. and Cx.Beda, libro 2o. Also þat ȝere þe holy fadir, Seynt Austyn, in a mydwynter day, whan he hadde i-cristnedy-folled, β.; y-volled, γ.Laurons, γ.stat, γ.rud and boystes, γ.; rude and boystous, Cx.fleeche] The original word is erased in γ., and what appears to be perishe written in its stead; shulde nouȝt fleeche, om. Cx.Petur, γ.Themse, γ.; Thamyse, Cx.whoche, γ.Ethelbrutus, α. and β.cathederal, γ.and, α. and Cx.bischops, β.Paul his, α.; Paulus, Cx.Rouchestre, β., et infra.Rufe, Cx.Ethelbrutus, α. and β.Savinianus, β.; Gaminianus, Cx.two, α.He, Cx.rongen to at, Cx.appiered, Cx.ferþe, β.hym] om. Cx.yelded, Cx.ȝeld op, γ.Iohan the Amener, Cx.appiered, Cx.vurste, γ.leves of] om. Cx.promised, Cx.poure, γ.Iones, β.; Iohans, Cx.Seint] om. α., β., and Cx.a woke, γ.; a weke, Cx.sey, γ.sawe no man playne, Cx.Who, Cx.Ich, β.ȝus, γ.his] the, β.þys, but omits day.on] a, β. and Cx.pupel, γ.buþ, γ.; shepe be, Cx.heerde, β.; hurde, γ.Goo ye, Cx.þe] om. α. and Cx.prayers, Cx.yhurd, γ.spekynge, Cx.sigginge, β.Crist] om. α., β., and Cx.ych, γ.we] om. Cx.Savinianus, β. and γ.; Sami|nianus, Cx.moneþis, β.Boneface, Cx., bis.ferþe, β.Focas, Cx.of] at, Cx.worle, γ.wyde] om. Cx.Panteon, γ.halewide, β. bis.halwen, β.; halwon, γ.Cibile, α., β., and γ.; Cybele, Cx.þe fende] feendes, α.; fendes, β. and Cx.; vendes, γ.þe pope] transposed after No|vembre, α., γ., and Cx.pupel, γ.treted, Cx.his] the bissops, Cx.follynge, β.; vollynge, γ.inconsutilis, γ.is] was, Cx.cortel, γ.; or cote, add. Cx.semes] ony seme, Cx.yvounde, γ.soþe, β.þat it] hyt, γ.þat, β. and γ.curtel, β.; cortel, γ., et infra.inconsutilis, γ.; χρisti incon|sutilis, Cx.hit, α.; it, Cx.afturward, γ.aȝen] om. Cx.yvounde, γ., et infra.Trevisa.Trevisa] not in α., but a blank left.maystri, γ.fro, Cx.fro, Cx.on] om. Cx.curtel, α.and the same kyrtell, Cx.Beda libro secundo, added in β. and Cx.distried, β.Coerlegyons, Cx.an, α. and γ.comen, β.vaste, γ.Brucynail, β.; Brocinail, γ.; Brucivayl, Cx.þat] om. γ.fledd, Cx.hundrid, β.wole, β.wil be] is, Cx.aryse, α.; aroos, Cx.empire, β.; empere, γ.; them|pyre, Cx.
HERACLIUS was emperour sevene and twenty ȝere. In his þridde ȝere, Cosdras kyng of PersPerce, Cx.afuyre, β.; a vuyre, γ.; afyre, Cx.myche, β.pupel, γ.Helene, Cx.Perse, Cx.Heraclius, Cx.slouȝt, α.aȝen to, α.aȝen] om. α.aȝen . . . Ierusalem] om. Cx.ȝate, β.; ȝat, γ.; yate closed, Cx.ȝude, γ.Willelmus de Regibus, libro primo. Colwul|fus, kyng of West Saxon, deide, and after hym tweie sones of
on hyȝte Kynegilsus, γ., et infra; Kyngilsus, Cx., et infra.diden, β.; dude, γ.; dyden, Cx.vram ham, γ.Surcetre, Cx.folled, β.; yvolled, γ., et infra.bote, α.follought er, β.; volloȝt ar a was, γ.; crystendome til, Cx.afterward] om. Cx.was] om. Cx.folled, β.Her is to be noted, Cx.sayen, Cx.ȝere] om. α.excityns, γ.cytysyn, γ.Beda, libro 2o, capitulo 5o. Þat ȝere Ethelbertus, kyng of Kent, deide and wente to hevene, after þat he hadde i-regned in þis worldwordle, γ.of riȝt byleve] om. Cx.þarvore a was ofte wod, γ.; wode, Cx.Sebertus, Cx.West, Cx.eyres, β.fullought, β.; vonge volloȝt, γ.; receyve crystendome, Cx.anon] om. Cx.were, Cx.vor ham was lever, γ.pes, γ.Giwisees, β. and γ.; Gywesses, Cx.Beda, libro 2o, capitulo 9o. Also after þe oþer bisshoppes Laurence þe archebisshop caste topurposed for to, Cx.after his prayers] om. γ.appiered, Cx.bute, γ.þe] his, Cx.aflowe, β. and γ.; fledde, Cx.they had lever to, Cx.chastye, β.; chastise, Cx.Laurons, γ.podagre, Cx.Paulus, libro 5o. Aboute þat tyme Cacanus, kyng of þe Aves,Anes, γ. and Cx.duk Gysulfus, Cx.Aquilia, α., β., γ. and Cx.Ronulda, γ.feyr, γ.hogeliche, γ.of, α.meyne, γ.promysed, Cx.hys, added in γ.þe] hys, γ.eche, Cx.veld, γ.hir, β.þoromout, γ., as one word.harlatt, Cx.habbe, γ.hoerdome, Cx.þey] a, γ.; wolde nouȝt . . . þey, om. Cx.chikyns, β.; chykyns, γ.oþer of] or, Cx.dude, γ.; leyde, Cx.that the Hunes] and they, Cx.Beda, libro 2o, capitulo 9o. While Edwynus fliȝfledde, Cx.hudde, γ.þanne Redwaldus] om. β. and Cx.war, Cx.byhyȝt, γ.truwes, γ.; trewes, Cx.him, Cx.þoȝt, γ.al oon, β., et supra.and] om. Cx.sorowful, Cx.in, α.sourful in a stone in soche, γ.on a . . . more to] om. Cx.ych wot, γ.vorevaders, γ.wost, α. and γ.and his counseyl, added in Cx.ȝys, α.; ȝus, γ.; yes, Cx.byhote, α.; promise the, Cx.vansede, γ.vorsede, γ.þan he] þat, α., β., γ., and Cx.Eest, Cx.Idle, Cx.Brenicia, β.seventene, α., and Cx.; xvii., β.Trevisa. ȝif þou wilt knowe what and where Mercia is, look in þe firste book, capitulo 51o. [Þanne hit folweþ in þe story:Trevisa . . . story] om. β. and Cx.Oswius, α.; Oswyns, β. and Cx.voure, γ.hyȝte, γ.fifþe, β.Perce, Cx., et infra.his vader wychcraft and niger|mancy, γ.þare he venge, γ.anon] om. Cx.Iherapolis, β.; Herapolis, γ.folled, β.; yvolled, γ.reule, γ.bydde, γ.putte, Cx.curtel, α.; cortol, γ.vend, γ., et infra.One that was vexed with a fende was delivered by vertue of his kyrtel whan he was clothed with alle, Cx.Perses, Cx.leyde, β.mynystre, Cx.Laurans, α.Chaddes, β.; Chaddes broder, Cx.was . . . ȝere] om. α. and Cx.Perces, Cx.comyn, γ.royamme, Cx., et infra.be, α.be fulled, β.; be yvolled, γ. or make hem to resseyve baptemm Cx.bycome, γ.vourty, γ.Lotarius, β.Rouchester, γ.stude, α.wedde Edilberga, β.; Edel|berga, Cx.pepul, γ.Henricus, libro 2o.et Willelmus de Rey., lib. primo, added in β. and Cx.
ÞAT ȝere Penda paganus, þe tenþe after Woden, was þe sone of Wybba, and bygan to regne whanne he was fifty ȝere olde, and regnede in Mercia þritty ȝere. [℞]telleþ, γ.his kinnisman, in|serted in Cx.þe] om. α. and Cx.vyf, γ.Wedda, Cx.Wulferus, β., γ., and Cx.Mercellinus, β.Kineswyd, γ.; Kyneswyd, Cx.Beda, libro 2o, capitulo 9o. Þat ȝere in an Ester day com to þe realryal, β. and Cx.; real tyde, γ.Enmerus, α.; Eumerus, Cx.of] from Cx.tristy, β.potte, γ.corsede, γ.habbe hure, γ.and] of, Cx.folfulle, γ.on a Whitesonday, Cx.folled, β.; yvolle, γ.hol, γ.But þouȝ, β.; But though, Cx.kyng] om. γ.veng, γ.schirte, β.; and a vyng a schurt, γ.; sherte, Cx.merour, γ., mirrour, Cx.evory, α. and γ.; yvory, β.schewide, β.knowen, Cx.truwe, γ.yfolled, β.; yvolled, γ.Caysy, Cx.furst, α.vorsok, γ.hem] him, Cx.luep, γ.distried, β.mamettes, α.; mametes, γ.; maumettes, Cx.leffol, γ.; leeful, Cx.oppon, γ.folled, β.; vollede, γ.Lydeseye, Cx.Lyndecolyn, α.; Lyndcolyn, β.; Lyndecoln, Cx.sacride, β.sich, β.or, Cx.be, Cx.bisshop, Cx.Beda, libro 2o, capitulo 16o. Þanne þere was so grete peespes, γ.vram, γ.one toun to another without ony greef or anoyng, Cx.weyvaryng, γ.and . . . men] of weygoers, β.for refresshyng of weygoers there as, Cx.hyȝe, α.; heiȝ, β.; by hye weyes, Cx.bade, β.cuppes, β.þulke, γ.Eubonia, γ.comford, α.Beda, libro 3o, capitulo 17o. Þat ȝere þe pope Honorius sente þe pal to Honorius arche|bisshop of Caunterbury, wiþ lettres þat enformede hym of þe manere of þe ordeynynge of þeþe] om. α.þe] om. β.huy, γ., bis.huy, γ., bis.veawe, γ.worl, γ.were] sholde be, Cx.Beda, libro 2o, capitulo 20o. Þat ȝere Penda kyng of Mercia, and Cedwalla kyng of Britouns, slouȝ kyng Edwynus in þe feeldveld, γ.fclde of Hatfelde, β.; feld of Hattefelde, Cx.cruwel, γ.acounte, Cx.pal, β. and Cx.Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro primo. And so þe cherche of þeþe] om. Cx.Beda, libro 3o, capitulo primo. Whanne Edwynus was dede, OsricusOsiricus, Cx., bis.heeme, γ.; eame, Cx.mamatry, γ.aftur an, γ.þat þat ungraciouse, β.; un|gracious, γ.thilk ungracious yere, Cx.regne, Cx.vorsede, γ.houge, γ.Devisseburn, α., β., and γ.; Denisseburn, Cx.Denisus, Cx.þare, γ.knelide, β.cros, γ.plas, γ., tris.Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro primo. Þat place is in þe norþside of þat famous walle þat þe legioun of Rome buldebilded thwert, Cx.þwert, β.Beda, libro 3o, capitulo primo. Of þe spones of þis croys beeþ i-doobe don, Cx.ar, γ.reysed that, Cx.croys, γ.Beda, libro 3o, capitulo 2o. Kyng Oswald axede of þe Scottes, and hadde it i-graunted, þat bisshop Aydanus mostemoste] sholde, Cx.pupel, γ.Lyndisfare, γ.; Lyndefar, Cxvorþ, γ.an] in, Cx.to saye or meene, Cx.for to preche to the, Cx.Beda, libro 3o, capitulo 4o. Aidanus was þe merourmirrour, Cx.faste, α., β., and γ.yaf it gladly, Cx.ȝude on hys veet, γ.non, α.; noon, β.; none, Cx.riche, α., β., and γ.; ryche, Cx.ne, Cx.hem] om. Cx.mete, α., β., γ., and Cx.raunsede, γ.oute of prison, added in Cx.sich, β.; this, Cx.he . . . after] to forhond was y sent a sterne man, α., γ., and Cx.; was sent a sterne, β.prayyng, β.dide, β.prouffyt, Cx.an] in, Cx.comen, β.a beþ, γ.ben esely, Cx.y-herd, α.; y-hurd, γ.; herd, Cx.erlich, β.toke, β.; vyng, γ.poure, γ.axide, β.; axyd, Cx.vor to habbe, γ.sawe, Cx.Y, β.vram, γ.hol, γ.rial, β.; ryal, Cx.Bebbanburgh, α., β., and Cx.Beda, libro 3o, capitulo 8o. It is i-seide of hym þat for he usede so ofte for to bidde his bedes,or make his prayers, added in Cx.where he evere sete, α.; sate, Cx.lenye, β. and γ.kneon, γ.þarvore ȝut, γ.quaþ, α.; sayd, Cx.ful, γ.; fyll, Cx.Audoenus of Rotomagis, Cx.dyscypel, γ.
SEINT Birinus [þe confessour]vorte, γ.rescellis, α. and γ.; restellis, β.; restellys, Cx., bis.vorȝute, γ.vette, γ.rescellas, α. and γ.Beda, libro 3o, capitulo 6o. Þisþes, γ.folled, β.; vollede, γ.Dortic, β.godvader, γ.wedde, γ.Birinus] om. Cx.vor, γ.vourtene, γ.; fourtenth, Cx.translatet, γ., et infra.Wyncestre, γ.of, add. β.; Paule, Cx.seyn, β., bis; seggeþ, γ., bis; saye, Cx.seyn, β., bis; seggeþ, γ., bis; saye, Cx.bere, β.; þarevore a bere, γ.; byere, Cx.seen, Cx.vurste, γ.bysouþ, α., β., and Cx.þe citee] om. Cx.twy, γ.yvounde, γ.vor, γ., ut passim.folfulle, γ., et infra.Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro 2o. Þis citee Dor|chestre longede to þe bisshoppis of Mercia fromvram, γ.chaungide, βLyncolyn, Cx.Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro primo. Þat ȝere Felix of þe nacioun of Burgoyn, þat had be homelichebe homeliche, from α. and γ.; be homelich, β.; had ben homely, Cx.; had hem liche, MS.Domynyk, β.; vurste of Don|mik, γ.; Donwyck, Cx.Beda, libro 3o, capitulo 17o. Þis Sigebertus hadde þe kyngdom after his broþer Corpwaldus, and ordeyned scoles of lettrureletture, γ.seen, Cx.petagoges, β. and Cx.bitoke, β.; bytoke, Cx.werride, β.rodde, Cx.neiȝ, β.het, β.; hete, Cx.bisilich, β., bis.bisilich, β., bis.make his praiers, Cx.Cunbbrisburgh, γ.; hete Cim|brisburgh, Cx.there he wexe seke agayne, Cx.yravesed, γ.spirituelly unto, Cx.and . . . seek] om. α., β., and Cx.hurde, γ.ysey, γ.Also his spyryte cam to his body agayn, and take away agayn, Cx.syȝ, β.spiritis, γ.whoche, γ.purposed, Cx.lifte, β.ylyft an hii, γ.voure vures, γ., et infra.to hym, Cx.worl, γ.vur, γ., et infra.as huy byhyȝte, γ.follouȝt, β.; baptemme, Cx.greven, Cx.neyȝebores, α.fourth, Cx.or myghtyer, add. Cx.distruye, β.and febler, add. Cx.agast, Cx.avure, γ.fuyre] om. Cx.þat, γ.vendes þruwe, γ.þruw, γ.þe, α.vend, γ.to vorhond apprueved, γ.þat] om. α. and Cx.paynce, Cx.ceesed, β.; sesede, γ.on] om. Cx.yveld, γ.hadde cloþynge] were ryȝt þenne y-cloþed, α. and γ.; were riȝt þynne y-cloþed, β.; were right thynne clothed, Cx.alwey, Cx.vre, γ.Vulcanus, α., γ., and Cx.þat, α. and Cx.anone destroyed by rennyng and reyses, Cx.ȝurnyng and, γ.ernyng and reses, β.Severius, α.; Severinus, β. γ., and Cx.feyth, Cx. passim.victories, β.; victoryes, Cx.droposye, Cx.þe, α. and Cx.were, γ. and Cx.hy, γ.
ABOUTE þat tyme lyvede MachometusMacomete, β.; Machamet, Cx.Sarsyns, β. et infra; Sarasyns, Cx.þis] His, α. and Cx.myche, β.and more] add. Cx.bondes, γ.habbeþ, γ.Ismalytes, Cx.wexe stronge is in|serted again from the previous line.lyte, α. and γ.holpe, α.; holpen, Cx.strechede, γ.vram, γ.tyrauntrie, β.; destruyed wiþ tyraundys, γ.; tyrauntrye, Cx.a was, γ.hit, α.; hyt, γ.cruwel, β.; crewel, γ.vlye volweþ, γ.malschawe, β.; trace of the mal|shawe, Cx.com þe] cometh, Cx.p'uince (sic), MS., but clerical error for prince, which is in β. and Cx.Machometes, α. and β.in, α., β., and Cx.vyf þe, γ.pope] om. Cx.wychche, α.; and wicche, β; and wheche, γ.; prophete and witche, Cx.ham, γ.whoche, γ.pupel, γ., et infra.vedde, γ.douve, Cx. semper.vecche, γ.dude, γ.; put, Cx.þerof] of that same, Cx.wolde, α. and β.wolde vede, γ.pupel to gadders, γ.makynge, α.in a colver hys lych, γ.; in lykenes of a douve, Cx.vle, γ.bile, β.; potte hys byle, γ.; bylle, Cx.comyn tale, α. and Cx.hyȝt, γ.avalle, γ.Nestorius, Cx.archdekene, β.and, α. and Cx.Vryday, γ.; Fryday, Cx.dooþ] don, Cx.costome, γ.þe, added in β.wonder felle, Cx.veyr, γ.hyȝte, γ.and with somme spyces, Cx.nyse, α.heo, β. and γ.abidiþ, β.; abiden, Cx.heo, β.yreuled, γ.wymmen, α.widewe, β.; wydewe, γ. and Cx.Machometus, α.; om. Cx.itrowed] bylevyd, Cx.Whan] Thenne, Cx.vulle, γ.bowide, β.habbe, γ.commaundement, Cx.assaylide, β.; assoyled, Cx.dwellyd, Cx.subgett, Cx.ham vorsake, γ.vorþvadres, γ.; fornfaders, Cx.vorbud, γ.huy, γ.as they had used, Cx.some] owne self somme, Cx.alleyde, β.; alleged, Cx.doþ] don, Cx.swynyssh, Cx. bis.þe etynge] þeim, β.vlesch, γ.a kamyles, α.dryt, γ.; dirt, Cx.follouȝt, β.; vollouȝt, γ.lymmes, Cx.vaster in þe snar, γ.; to snarle, Cx.playsaunt, Cx.susteyny, γ.kynrad, β.þat] that, Cx.he] a, γ.have als many concu|bynes as he wolde of wymmen þat were bouȝt oþer prisoners, and also that he myȝt, β.; have as many con|cubynes as he wolde of wymmen that were bought prisoners, Cx.sille, β.mete and] om. α.An, MS.varye vram, γ.godas, α. and γ.; goddesse, Cx.Vryday, γ.one, Cx.Johan, Cx.seede, Cx.Alkaron, Cx.medled, β.i-hove] afterwarde born, Cx.stude, α.þuder, γ.bygoo aboute and] om. Cx.þurȝ, β.develen, γ.hare, γ.spousebriche, β.; spousebruche, γ.a dude, γ.sengel, γ.lasches, γ.luse, γ. bis.fourth, Cx.luse, γ. bis.promysed, Cx.plesyre, Cx.no, α., β., and Cx.dystemper, γ.; distemprure, Cx.gryef, Cx.werye, β.tembrace, Cx.veyr angels, γ.hoge, γ.þe] þat, Cx.ye, γ.a day journeye, Cx.holdeþ] holde ne kepe, Cx.promyseth, Cx.Johan, Cx.noþer what men beþ of mysbyleve, add. γ.; ne what men ben of mysbyleve, add. Cx.wreton, Cx.vyf, γ.þe gospel] om. Cx.and, α., β., and Cx.Alcaron, Cx.Alcoron, Cx.reule, γ.a ȝaf þe childern, γ.laft, α.consistorye, Cx.whoche, γ.schulde folowe, as the Jewes Moyses, and Cristen men Crist. And therefore the Sara|synes, β.; scholde volwe as þe Iewes Moyses, and Cristene men Cryst, and þare vore þe Saracenes, γ.hollich, β.; for hy holdeþ ho|lyche, γ.trespacen, Cx.norysshed, Cx.vedde a veyr, γ.bok, γ.Alcaron, Cx.vorseyde, γ.forsayd before camel.veldes, γ., et infra.vor a was, γ.vly, γ.fled every, Cx.þuder, γ.out of, α. and Cx.comen, β.a doun] to hym, Cx.be y holde, α.; be holden, Cx.fang, β.; vonge, γ.; resseyve of hym, Cx.of hym, from α.; hym of, MS.day, γ.hy vasteþ, γ., et infra.vram þe vurste, γ.men, Cx.bitwene, Cx.deliþ, β.; ne delen, Cx.bote . . . feble] om. α., β., and Cx.prayers, Cx.ete, drynke, and lye, Cx.febel, γ.buþ, β.ofte] om. α.vor he hadde þe vallyng evel, γ.resseyved, Cx.a vul, γ.Miȝhel, β.ofte] so ofte, Cx.Vor a vleschliche, γ.ȝef a valle, γ.riboudry, γ.; as rybawdrye, Cx.harlottrye, α. and Cx.oppon cas vor, γ.vul, γ.; fylle, Cx.ete, α. and Cx.heelde, β.; reputed, Cx.swyn his vlesch, γ.hy volweþ, γ., et infra.philosofy, from α. and γ.; philo|sofye, β.; philosophye, C.; philo|sofer, MS.vast, γ.that it caused so myghty men of Perce to drawe, Cx.Also, α. and Cx.secte, Cx.as Gernarde after Spayne.Torpynus, α.; Turpinus, γ. and Cx.latone, β. and Cx.; laton, γ.yperisched, β.; ypersed, γ.; lyghtly perysshed, Cx.byrde, Cx.vurst valle, γ.; fallen, Cx.is] shal be, Cx.avalle, γ.vle, γ.norry, β.; nory, from γ.; norye, Cx.; norþ, MS.hurde, γ.messe, γ.; of mete, add. Cx.þat] om. α.that Cristen men, Cx.felle and slyhe, Cx.two, Cx.þueves, γ.ham, γ.hy seyde þat hy, γ.i-made] don, Cx.Benetes, β.reule, γ.hy, γ., et semper.neode, γ., et infra.the, Cx.habbe, γ.of] by, Cx.yene, γ.folye ne] om. α., β., γ., and Cx.vylþe, γ.theyr prayers, Cx.þat] the, Cx.moeveth, Cx.hy, γ., et semper.may, Cx.vorȝete, γ.þanne . . . but] whan he had thus done, Cx.gylfolliche, γ.; om. Cx.to . . . crafte] to begyle by symplenes these two monkes, Cx.þe secte] sette, α.; sett, β.for . . . chalenge] for he wold yf they myghte therby sette cha|lenge, Cx.mury, α.vorgate, γ.vulle, γ.on the morowe, Cx.diffyede, β.; dyffyed, γ.gan, Cx.fol, γ.habbeþ ysynwed grevousliche, γ.were, from α., β., γ., and Cx.; we, MS.heelde, β.hulde vorþ, γ.redyly ynowgh, Cx.reule, γ., et infra.vorbude, γ.distourbled, Cx.habbeþ asayed, γ.remedyes, Cx.broken, Cx.quaþ hy,.elþer, α.vader, γ.gooþ] goo ye, Cx.sleyght, Cx.saveour, Cx.whoche Seynt, γ.vol, γ.chyvaylry, Cx.bote lyte vor hyt, γ.
HERACLONAS, Heraclius his sone, regned two ȝere. Þe senatouressenatour, Cx.potte, γ.ykut, γ.Ispalencis, γ.; Ysodre bisshop Yspalencis, Cx.dyscypel, γ.Isidor, γ., et supra.ymad, γ.Creaturarum, γ.; Creaturarum Simonia, Cx.good] om. Cx.Edwaldus, Cx.eyr, γ.Ercombertus, Cx. bis.bygoten, Cx.Frauns, γ.voure, γ.destruyde, γ.mametrie, γ.þe] om. γ.Leynte vastyng, γ.his kyngdom] Englond, Cx.On, α. and Cx.Eukengoda, Cx.monchone, β.; mynchyn, γ.; menchone, Cx.þat . . . . Fraunce] om. γ. and Cx.Ethilburga, γ., bis.abbesse, Cx.Brydges, Cx.and] om. Cx.Andomarus, Cx.þe . . . . Bertinus] om. γ. and Cx.Toreuence, Cx.Paulus, libro 5o. Þe þridde Constantinus was Heraclius his
Heraclon, α.; Heraclius, Cx.Paulus, Cx.of Paul as his grauntsire of Sergius, γ.Willelmus de Regibus, libro 4o. He unheledonhelede, α.chirche rooves, β.; cherche roves, γ.He uncoverd chirche rooves and steples that were coveryd, Cx.sclattes, β., γ., bis.partye, β. and Cx.Beda, libro 3o, capi|tulo 6o. Þat ȝere Kyngulsus, kyng of West Saxons, was dede, and his sone KenwalkusKynwalcus, Cx.thyrity, Cx.eþere, α.folled, β., bis.yvolled with hys vader, γyvolled also of, γ.varyen, Cx.Beda ut supra. Þis Ken|walcus in þe bygynnynge of his kyngdom wolde nouȝt fongevonge, γ.soster, γ.vyfþe, γ.drof, γ.Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro 2o. And he hyddehudde, γ.Anna, α., β., γ., and Cx.mene] add. Cx.folled, β.; yvolled, γ.; baptised, Cx.of his province] om. Cx.recoveryd, Cx.Freynsman, γ.vyftene, γ.agreved, β.vor, γ.I not a was, γ.bishop] add. Cx.þat, α., β., and Cx.Wyn, β. and Cx.þo kyng] they, Cx.tweye] the, Cx.þe province,paryschus, γ.Agilbertus, Cx., et infra.ypot by, γ.boȝte, γ.; boughte, Cx.hulde, γ.alyve, γ.ypotte, γ.stude, α.Willelmus de Regibus, libro primo. Þis Kenwalcus overcom þe Britouns tweis, firstvurste, γ.Wight, β.; Wiht Gosnesbrugh, γ.; Wyght Gosneburgh, Cx.Pencia, γ.; Pente, Cx.vader, γ.Wulferus, β.Beda, libro 3o, capitulo 8o.secundo, Cx.kyng Penda paganus, γ.Meserfeld, Cx.sheweth, Cx.Wil|lelmus de Pontificibus, libro primo. After oon ȝere his broþer Oswy, þat was kyng after hym, come þider,þuder, γ.chirch hey, β.; cherche hey, γ.chircheyerd of Lyndesfar, Cx.a dude, γ.Bebbanbrugh, γ.Ostria, γ.þe] om. γ.Bardeny, Cx.heo, β.; hue, γ.yvonge ar, γ.were i-seie] had, Cx.oppon þulke relykes, γ.þulke, γ.at] to, Cx.Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro 4o. [But]Petur his burgh, γ.; of Petre|burgh, Cx.sound, α., β., and γ.; sounde, Cx.vlesch, γ.synwes, γ.þeefliche, α.; þeevelich, β.; þuef|liche, γ.; theefly, Cx.i-seie] om. Cx.in] om. α.fey] bileve, Cx.doubtable, Cx.huyreþ, γ.men here and aspye and see not, Cx.I sugge, γ.Ich, β.y, β.Paulus, libro 5o. Aboute þat tyme Cesarea,Cesara, γ., and Cx. et infra.vew, γ.folled, β.; vor to be yvolled, γ.hurde, γ., et infra.Telle ye, Cx.wol vonge, γ.his] om. α. and Cx.kynge] om. γ.therof, Cx.pees, Cx.folled, β.; yvolled, γ.he . . . . his] om. γ.took] om. α. and Cx.Beda, libro 3o, capitulo 13o. Whan Oswald was i-slawe, after hym his broþer Oswy was kyng of Northumberlond, and regnede nobillechenobelyche, γ.meke] add. Cx.veyr, γ.aflowe, β.; avlowe, γ.; fledde, Cx.a felowe, from α., β., and Cx.; a felouz, γ.; iflowe, MS., a mistake caused by the occurrence of this word just above.Odilwaldus Oswald his, α., γ., and Cx.; Odilwaldus Oswaldes, β.vurste, γ.vondede, γ.þe, α.; om. Cx.; atte, γ.a sang, γ.worde, Cx.vor a hadde, γ.Beda, libro 3o, capitulo 13o. Þe popeþe pope] þat ȝere, α., β., γ., and Cx.þanne, β.; thenne, Cx.Beda, libro 3o, capitulo 21o.o, Cx.vynge, γ.hy, γ.resseyve, β.yfolled, β.; yvolled, γ.vaste, γ.touk, γ.Ced, γ.Cedda, γ.; Chad, Cx.vorsede, γ.Schancester, γ.; Straunchestre, Cx.Pent, α., β., γ., and Cx.Tylleburgh, α. and Cx.; Tille|burgh, β.vaste, γ.Temse, β. and Cx.hit, α.; It, β. and Cx.hyt byful, γ.þat vorsede, γ.comynede, β.cursed an erle and excomyned him, Cx.heelde, β.alaweful, α.; unlauful, Cx.hows, Cx.vram, γ., passim.Ced, Cx.rodde, Cx.vor, γ., passim.þe] om. Cx.cursed, β.bifil, β.þat] For, Cx.me, β.; men, Cx.ham why hy, γ.; hem why, Cx.not ellys, Cx.esye, β.vorȝeve, γ.trespaces, β.Trevisa. It is sooþ þat corsed men hateþ god,gode men, β. and γ.; good men, Cx.gode, β.volweþ, γ.heet slee, α.; bade slee, Cx.þe, add. β.Hunbaldas, α.; In the erle Hunbaldus, Cx.avlowe, γ.; fledde, Cx.vor to vyȝte, γ.yeven, Cx.a vote, γ.than to ryde on horsbak, Cx.poure, γ. and Cx.prayde, β.almus, γ., et infra.for . . . almesse] and þe bis|shop ȝaf hym þat hors, α., β., and γ.; and the bysshop gave him that hors for he hadde nought ellys at honde, Cx.for . . . almesse] and þe bis|shop ȝaf hym þat hors, α., β., and γ.; and the bysshop gave him that hors for he hadde nought ellys at honde, Cx.swiþe] anone, Cx.þe] om. Cx.hastow ydo, β.; hast thou don, sere, Cx.þynȝus, γ.sere, Cx.quaþ, α.be] om. α.lever be, Cx.Marie, β.vul, γ.veet, γ.vorȝevenes, γ.byhyȝte treweliche, γ.plesed and sate, Cx.yfere, β.; yvere, γ.sodeynlich, β.; su|deynlich, γ.; sodenly, Cx.and wepte] om. β.weep, α.; wep, γ.to wepe many teres, Cx.Ich, γ.to fore, α.; to vore, γ.pupel, γ.dawes, γ.syȝ, β. and γ.; sawe angeles, Cx.vurste, γ.vourtene, γ.Beda, libro 3o, capitulo 23o. After Martyn Eugenius was pope as it were þre ȝere. [Þis ȝer]Odylewaldus, Cx.heiȝ, β.; high, Cx.hulles, γ.Lestyngay, a., γ., and Cx.; Les|tingai, β.buylde, γ.or] er, β.; and Cx.vaste, γ.Leynte, β. and γ.saf, β. and γ.; sauf, Cx.for to] til, Cx.breed, α.; brede, β. and Cx.eye, β.; egge, Cx.what] om. Cx.ymedled, β. and Cx.As Adaynus his disciples usid him he had lerned and taught, Cx.Chimbillus, γ.Cedda, Cx.reulede, γ.plas, γ., passim.
AFFTER Eugenius Vitalianus was pope fourtenevourtene, γ.and to þe, β.Tarseus, Cx.Beda, libro 3o, capitulo 9o.
be now of, Cx.vyng, γ.by consente of his fader, Cx.dide, β.; dude, γ.; dyde, Cx.Elfridus, Cx.wedded, Cx.soster, γ.voure, γ.Norþhumburlond, β.pupel, γ.vorbud, γ.; forbad not, Cx.he] om. α., β., and γ.; evere he, om. Cx.Thamar, γ.Rouchestre, β.Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro 3o. Þat ȝere Benet bisshop,bischop, β.; Cx. inserts and.norischide, β.vorsouk, γ.his] om. α., β., and Cx.touk, γ.ef] eft, Cx.efte aȝen, β.vyf, γ.holy relekes of holy seyntes, α. and β.; relyquyes, Cx.glasieres craft, β.of] om. α.rever, γ.were] om. α., β., and Cx.þe, α.oþer] om. α.in Girvum] forn aȝenst, β.that other syde, forn aȝenst, and was abbot, Cx.nory, α. and β.Willelmus de Re|gibus, libro primo. Beda wondreþwonderþ, γ.veyrnes, γ.wondryd, Cx.a was, γ.dide, β.obedyence, Cx.aȝenus, β.bilde, β.; Botulphus bylded, Cx.by Est, α., β., and Cx.Beda, libro 3o, capitulo 24o. Þat ȝere deide Penda kyng of Mercia, and was i-slawe, he and þritty cheventeynescheveteynes, β.; capytayns, Cx.vonge, γ.; resseyve, Cx.he, MS.made his avowe, Cx.possession, Cx.Leedys, γ.ver vram, γ.thenne, Cx.hogelich, γ.flowide, β.; vlowede, γ.greed, MS.ȝut, γ.menye, α.; soche þrytty men, γ.; thryes soo many, Cx.had sich þre so many, β.in his] in his tricies, γ.; evi|dently not knowing what to do with the Latin word.escaped, Cx.drowned, Cx.Odilwald Oswaldes sone, β.; Odilwald Oswald hys, γ.; Odyle|wald Oswaldes sone, Cx.doon, β.loore, Cx.afterward] om. α.afterward . . . of] om. Cx.heo, β.Stremshalt, β., γ., and Cx.bosme, γ.abbes, β.Trevisa.Trevisa . . . storie] om. β.o. Þan it foloweþ in the storie:Trevisa . . . storie] om. β.meynyes, α. and γ.lost, Cx.trayson, γ.Mercyes wex, β.; wexe, Cx.aȝens tkyng Oswy, β.touk, γ.Wulferus, β.; Wolferus, Cx.hym, β.Ercombes doughter, Cx.nobly, Cx.yl, γ.yvolled, γ.the sevententh, Cx.sixten, Cx.of his kingdom] om. Cx.kitt, β.Wandrigesilus, β. and γ.; Wandregesilus, Cx.Grimaldus, β. and Cx.aspied . . . Longobardes] bis in MS.aflowe, β.; vlowe, γ.hurde, γ.therof, Cx.siȝ, β.; syȝe, γ.; sawe, Cx.Bertaricus, β. passim; Berta|ricus, Cx. et infra.but yf soo were that Bertaricus were slain, Cx.leose, γ.sette, Cx.dide a birþen, β.butte, γ.vest, γ.schufte, β.; schyf, γ.pult, γ.wallus, γ.vlyȝ, γ.Bycause my servaunt, Cx.drunkene, β.8-8but . . . me] whiche plesyd me not, Cx.Ich, β. and γ.home] om. Cx.vonde, γ.nothynge, Cx.out] om. β. and Cx.wonderliche wel] gretely, Cx.stidefast, β.tristy, β.hem, Cx.lef, β.; lyef, Cx.lef, β.; lyef, Cx.to . . . frend] with, Cx.vorhond, γ.to, α., β., and Cx.to kyssyng, clyppynge, Cx.likynge, α. and β.; vleyschlych lykyng, γ.heo, β.lefte] preserved her, Cx.Elyg in β.; Ely, Cx.veyr, γ.Sarasyns, Cx., et infra.make theyr prayers, Cx.Beda, libro 4o, capitulo primo. Ercombertus, kyng of Caunterbury, deide, and his sone Egebertus was kyng after hym nyne ȝere. Also þat ȝere deide þe archebisshop þat heet Deusdedit; þan þe kyng of Kent and þe kyng of Northumberlond, by oon assent, sente WyghardusWychardus, Cx.wel nygh] almooste, Cx.ny, γ.þo] soo, Cx.in] into, β.Theodorus, α. and Cx.Beda, libro 3o, capitulo 21o. Also þat ȝere felfil, β.; vul, γ.byfil, β.; byvul, γ.; byfll, Cx.worþ, γ.; were, Cx.velede, γ.besyly, Cx.or] er, β.; ar, γ.he ful clensed hym of his trespas þat, β.; he hadde vol clensed hym of his trespases þat, γ.avou, γ.wiþ oute] above, Cx.ful] vol, γ.saye, Cx.letted hym, Cx.every weeke, Cx.vaste, γ.rouslynng, α.; roustlyge, β.; rosslynge, γ. rustlynge, Cx.lyyng doune, Cx.doon, β.Ich, β. and γ.yfere, β.; yvere, γ.; sholde have gone togyder, Cx.þis] thus, Cx.lengþide, β.dyde more than his fyrste avowe, Cx.vourty, γ.melk, α.vourty, γ.continualliche] om., α., β., γ., and Cx., and the Lent and Advent transposed.vourty, γ.vourty, γ.Wytsontyde, Cx.craym, β.fastnesse, α.; vatnes, γ.Beda, libro 6o, capitulo 25o.
ABOUTE þis tymeþese tymes, α. and β.Agilbertus, β. and Cx.þare, γ.Rypon, Cx.prayer, α.; prayers, Cx.meved, β.; mevyd of the Eester|daye that was, Cx.Loo here dis|putasion ys whenne Ester day schal falle, and on what day yt schal be holde."lawfollyche, γ.y-suffred, from α.; suffred, β.; suffryd, Cx.; i-offred, MS.for] at, Cx.vaders, γ.Þere] Þerfor, Cx.þe abbesse . . . foure] om. Cx.Streemshalt, β.; Stremshalt, γ.þe] þat, β.axede, γ.; alleggyd, Cx.helde, β.; hulde, γ.vourteþe, γ.titwentiþe, α.huld, γ.þe] þat, β.Egylbertus, Cx.þey] om. Cx.aledged, Cx.Grekes, β. and Cx.; Gres, γ.tovore, γ.costom, γ.worl, γ.and] that, Cx.synodes, Cx.and added in Cx.volwede, γ.Juwes, γ.Joon, β., et infra.atte volle, γ.and . . . fulle] om. Cx.Thimothe, β.; Thymothe, Cx.þey] om. Cx.oostes, Cx.schar, γ.potte, γ.Eester, Cx.roȝte, γ.fil, β. and Cx.; vull, γ.abod, γ.volle, γ., et infra.vul, γ.hurde, γ.Seþþe, γ.telle, Cx.so] om. Cx.ygrauntet, γ.wiþsigge, β.; wiþsygge, γ.vischer, α.; uscher, β.; an oys|chere, γ.soo grete an ussher & porter, Cx.aȝenus, β.men, α.þat] om. β. and Cx.Ced, Cx.heelde, β.vorþward, γ.; forward, Cx.the] þo, β.; tho, Cx.tho, add. Cx.Þan] om. Cx.vynde, γ.any] om. Cx.by Beda . . . schal be iholde" is omitted, and his text runs thus: "To fynde the Eester tyme without fayle ther ben rewles ynowe in the ordynal of the kalendre, and it is nedeful to sette it here. But the errour, &c."Bedaes loore, β.o, de Gestis Anglorum, me mote take hede of þre and abide þe þre: þe evenes of þe day and nyȝt in springing tyme, þat now hatte Lente,leynte, α., β., and γ.For as . . . . and nyȝt] bis in MS.be] Sic in MS.; in þe, β. and γ.worl, γ.and marked þe evennes of þe day and nyȝt in springinge tyme wiþ his arisinge. And þanne whanne þe sunne ȝede doun, þe ful mone com after out of the myddel of þe Est, β.hyde, γ.For as . . . . and nyȝt] bis in MS.as . . . byggynnyng] from α.; the addition is made and crased in β.volle, γ.whan] om. α, and β.volle, γ.to] tovore, γ.as it was . . . world] om. γ.fiftene, β.; vyftene, γ.oþer after þe evenes of the day and nyȝt, add. γ.first, β.; vurste, γ.vourteþe, γ., et supra.valleþ, γ.Ester, γ.ȝut] add. γ.suffriþ, β.oure] the, Cx.use, Cx.and þe evenes] om. Cx.ben, Cx.bacward, β.Owre kalender nedyth correcioun of yere."use, Cx.ben put, Cx.ypot, γ.lupe, α. and γ.lupȝere, β.in] to, β. and Cx.dure, Cx.valle, γ., et infra.worl, γ.dure, Cx.sich, β.; om. Cx.birþe, β., et infra.the] om. Cx.Almagestis, Cx.Trevisa. Here have in myndeHere take heede, Cx.valleþ, γ.that is callyd in Latin equi|noxium, add. Cx.eft] eke, Cx.þe] om. Cx.Leynte, β.efte] ageyne, Cx.hervest tyme, β.; harvost-tyme, γ.ylyge, γ.; ben lyche, Cx.þerfore . . . mynde] ye shal un|derstande, Cx.o, γ.intreþ, γ.; and entreþ, om. Cx.muynde, γ.þat is] whan it is, Cx.in Marche, add. Cx.sich, β.worl, γ.in . . . Marche] om. Cx.Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro 3o. Þanne Colmannus, bisshop of Norþ|humberlond,
convict, from α.; convicte, β., γ., and Cx.; comuned, MS.aȝen] om. Cx.vorseyd, γ.sholde have sacred hym, Cx.aȝe, γ., passim.o. Paulus, libro 6o. Aboute þat tyme Con|stantyn þe emperour wolde delivere Italy of þe hondes of Longobardes, and come to Tarent in Italy, and axede þere of an holy man þat was solitaire,solitarye wheþer, β.whether, Cx.it] hyȝt, γ.ȝut, γ.Joon, β., passim.þat, α., β., γ., and Cx.dwelle, Cx.perisched, β.; ypersched, γ.; perisshed, Cx.roȝt, γ.he, α., β., γ., and Cx.this, Cx.tirauntries, β.; lyraundys, γ.; tyrantryes, Cx.baþe, β.by] the, Cx. (an error).þat beþ hy þat hulde, γ.Cedda þat hyhte Chadde was archebysshop of York, but for he was not rythfully yordeyned Tehodorus archebisshop of Cawnterbyre put hym down."Oswy, Cx.Lestyngay, β., γ., and Cx.Willelmus, libro 3o, capitulo 27o, and sente hym into Kent for to be sacred bisshop. But for þe archebisshop Deusdedit was dede, Cedde tornede to Wyna bisshop of West Saxons, for to be i-ordeyned of hym, and tooktouk, γ.syȝ, β. and γ.; sawe, Cx.halewide, β.; halwede, γ.Putta, Cx.kunnyng, β.bischop, β.; byschop, γ.efte, from γ.; agayn, Cx.; ofte, MS.hamward, β. and γ.shorne, Cx.Lirnense, α. and β.; Bruense, γ.; Lirnence, Cx.ȝit] om. Cx.atte commaundement, Cx.vader, γ.Abendoun, β.; Abendon, Cx.suffride, β.in Fraunce, add. Cx.Ebroynus, β.; Ebroinus, γ.was slayne, Cx.Scolastica was Seynt Benet ys suster."soster, γ.Augustus, β. and Cx.; Aigus|tus, γ.Aurelia is written in β. in an early hand Orliaunce; Or|leaunce, Cx.fro the mount, Cx.Bonevent, β. and Cx.
THE fourþevurde, γ.vorseyde, γ.Grimiwaldus, Cx.blodeles schotte at, β.; bled|yng on the arme shotte at a douve, Cx.þingis, β.Beda, libro quarto, capitulo secundo.]vyf, γ.Jun, γ.monethis, Cx.Thars in Scicilia, Cx.kunnyng, β.; kunnynge, γ.letterure, γ.; hooly letture, Cx.letterure, γ.; letture, Cx.Gruw, γ.in] add. γ.feiþ, β.Grekes dyde, Cx.as] om. Cx.comen, β.ordre of riȝt bileve and of, β.levynge] byleve and of right lyvyng, Cx.manere of þe] om. Cx.Gruw, γ.the, add. Cx.lawefollyche, γ., et infra.ordeyned hem to be bisshops in other places, Cx.whoche, γ.knowlechide mekely, β.; knew|leched mekleche, γ.pot, γ.at prayyng, β.; prayer, Cx.Wulerus, α.; Wuferus, γ.on horsbak, Cx.Beda, libro 3o, capitulo 26o. Þat tyme doctours were fulfol, γ.abyt, α. and β.; habite, Cx.þat among oþer, γ.prayd to have, Cx.aboute] by, Cx.follyng, β.; vollynge, γ.saule, γ.vonge, γ., et infra.Beda, libro 4o, capitulo 5o. Also þat ȝere deyde Oswy kyng of Norþhumberlond; his sone Egfridus was kyng after hym fiftene ȝere. Item, capitulo 18o. Þis hadde i-weddedi-wedded] om. Cx.Ethelfreda, Cx.Tondbertus, α. and γ.; Ton|bertus, Cx.Girwies, β.; Girwyes, Cx.hure, γ.dele with, Cx.heo, β. and γ.monchone, β.; menchone, Cx.; menchen, γ.hue, γ.abbes, β.; abbas, γ.abbesse of Ely, Cx.heo, β., et infra; hue, γ., et infra.nyghtis, Cx.heo, β., et infra; hue, γ., et infra.awoke unto, Cx.heo, β., et infra; hue, γ., et infra.abbesse, Cx.Beda, libro 4o, capitulo 5o. Þat ȝere was i-made a cinodsyned, β.; synod, γ.; synode, Cx.Tedford, β.assoyle in, Cx.þt, α., β., and γ.; that, Cx.chaynge, γ.benefyces, Cx.vyfþe, γ.namliche] om. Cx.Egbertus, Cx.Marcianus, libro 2o. Also Agelbertus þat ȝere,wrothly, Cx.þe] his, Cx.slauȝt, γ.fowles, Cx.vouȝte togedders, γ.Kenwalcus, β.; Kenwalc, γ.; Kenwalchus, Cx.oon] o, γ.þey] om. α., β., γ., and Cx., which latter adds or smal kynges.delide, β.Beda, libro 4o, capitulo 6o. Þat ȝere Seint CheddeChedda, Cx.Lichfeld, β.Wynfryde, Cx.Wynfride Cheddes dekene, β.pot, γ.Medamstede, β.; Medampstede, Cx. bis.Peter his Burgh, α.; Petres burgh, β.; Peterburg, Cx.Wynfridus Cx.so] om. Cx.ypot, γ.Barwe, γ.Beda ut supra. After þe deth of Wyna, Erkene|woldErkenwolde, Cx.Souþrey, β.; Suthery, Cx.Ceorot, γ.Chirchecye, Cx.soster, γ.hete now, Cx.hue, γ., a very frequent ortho|graphy in this part of the MS.hure, γ.bok, γ.maydonhode, β.; maidenhede, Cx.Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro 2o. Me troweþ þatIt is supposed that, Cx.þes, γ.þat] this, Cx.plas, γ.ȝitt distruyed, β.; destruyed, γ. et infra.Chercheseye, Cx.Oskwynus, γ.voȝt, γ.Wydaneaf, γ.thyrten, Cx.so ȝung, γ.menchen, γ., et infra.mynchon at Ely, Cx.Etheldrida, γ.Marcianus. Here eemem, γ.; eme, Cx.monchon, β.; menchon, Cx.Trikyngham, α. and β.; Tir|kyngham, γ.heo, β.verste, γ.heo, β.promysed, Cx.heo, β.heo, β.Rypyndon, Cx.touk, γ.vurste yturnd, γ.fled, Cx.to, add. Cx.enemyes, α. and Cx.Adelston, α.; Adelstanes, β.; Adelstan, γ.; Ethelstones, Cx.ȝeve, β.; yeven, Cx.religiouse, β.; religious, γ.; re|lygyouse dwellyd there, Cx.Marcianus, libro 2o. Þanne kyng Wulferus hadde þre breþeren,bryþern, γ.vorseyd, γ.Here ys an holy kynred of maydennys."Myldryd, γ.Mylgvida, γ.; Myldreda and Mylguyda, Cx.Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro 4o. Also WilferusWulferus, Cx.Kynedida, γ.monchons, β.; menchens, γ.; menchons, Cx.Medehamstude, γ.Petres burgh, β.; Peterburgh, Cx.Offa, add. Cx.heo, β.vorsake, γ.Wiccies, β. and γ.; Wiccyes, Cx.Constantinople, Cx.voureschore, γ.þe] om. α., β., and Cx.of, add. γ. and Cx.
THEODORUS, kyng of Fraunce, regnede after his fader Clo|tarius eyȝtene ȝere. Beda, libro primo, capitulo 10o.o, Cx.destruyde, β.; destruyede, γ.vyng, γ.Herforde, Cx.touk, γ.þe] om. α. and Cx.byschop, γ.; Benett the bisshop, Cx.touk, γ.þe, α. and Cx.þe vurde, γ.; fourth, Cx.Beda, libro 4o, capitulo 18o. Also þat ȝere was i-doodon, Cx.of Trente, Cx.þe] om. Cx.luef, γ.kyngdoms, β. and Cx.myche, β.gyven, Cx.instauns, γ.fiȝtinge, β.; vyȝttyng, γ.kyng] om. Cx.grevoslyche, γ.as he wold have rysen, Cx.bouȝt, from α. and β.; ybouȝte, γ.; boughte, Cx.; i-brouȝt, MS.in the same houre] om. Cx., supplying the words after man.prust, γ.And that dured alwey till his raunson were payd, and that he cam to his broder ageyne, Cx.a mira|culum.þe money] om. α. and γ.seye, β.harvost, γ.Trevisa. Stella comatacometa, β., but not above.creest, Cx.it betokeneth, Cx.aventures, Cx.Willelmus de Regibus, libro primo. Theodorus þe archebisshop halp to puttepotte out, γ.vorto volwe, γ.stude, γ.Eata, α., β., and Cx.Cassa, Cx.Marianus, libro 2o. And putte Eadhedus in þe chirche of Ripoun.Rypon, β. and Cx.comen, β.rekevered, β.; recuvered, γ.þe] that, Cx.aȝenes, γ.Willelmus. Þere it myȝte be i-seie and sorwfullysorfolliche bymened, γ.mankuynde, γ.at þe fulle, α.; ȝut hyt potteþ noȝt atte volle, γ.reblenes, Cx.kunne, β.; kun, γ.; can, Cx.Beda, libro 5o, capitulo 19o. Þanne Wilfridus was so i-put out, and wente to Rome for his cause; but seyllynge in þe see he was wynd dryvenwyndedryve, β. and Cx.Frisia, Cx.vurst, γ.men] om. Cx.Willebrordus, β.; Willebrordus folfullede, γ.; Wyllibrordus, Cx.tofore, from α., β., and Cx.; to offre, MS.Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro primo. And he folwedevolwede, γ.; fowede, MS.; fo|lowed, Cx.oppon, γ.maintened, Cx.ryȝtwesnes, γ.to flecche, from α.; suffride hit nouȝt to flecche, β.; soffrede hyt nouȝt to fleyche, γ.; suffrid it not bowe, Cx.; suffred nouȝt þe flesche, MS.sere, γ.ich, β.; ych, γ.y accuse hym nouȝt, β.; y acuse hym noȝt, γ.; and I accuse hym not, Cx.; cause, MS.þouȝ, β.he had not in dede, Cx.Beda, libro 4o, capitulo 12o. Þerfore Wilfridus torned hym to þe Souþ Saxons, and bulde an abbay in Selyseye,Silyseye, β.; bylded an abbay in Sylyseye, Cx.þe] om. α. and Cx.pupel, γ.fore] om. γ.vurste, γ.follyng, β.; volloȝt, γ.ryne, γ.wex, β. and γ.; wexe, Cx.gonne, α.; bygunne, β.; gunne, γ.ele, γ. and Cx.vysch, γ.Rotomager is ded and chyld, γ.; Roan deyde this yere, and the childe Beda was borne, Cx.a child, MS.Rotomager is ded and chyld, γ.; Roan deyde this yere, and the childe Beda was borne, Cx.as it were] om. Cx.papacye, Cx.ceesed, β.; cessede, γ.Beda, libro 4o, capitulo 20o. Seynt Etheldreda, abbas of Hely,Ely, Cx.Marianus, libro 2o. Aftir here hir sustersoster, γ.Beda, ubi supra. Þat ȝere deide Hilda, abbesse of Whitby, þat hadde i-be seeksyk, γ.; be seke, Cx.vourtene, γ.Heo, β.neece, β.; nece, Cx.ylettert, γ.vyf, γ.meove, β.; muve, γ.devocioun, from β.; devocyon, γ.; devocion, Cx.; langage, MS.fol, γ.fil, β.; vul aslepe, γ.; fylle a slepe, Cx.Y, β.ich, β.; ich vly, γ.poesyes, β.Henricus, libro 3o. Þat ȝere Theodorus made a counsail of bisshoppes and oþir doctours at Hatfelde, for he wolde witewete, β. and Cx.boden, Cx.bede hym, β.reulede, γ.; rewled, Cx.hatte, γ. (tris).Wircetre, β.; Wyrceter, γ.; Worcetre, Cx.hatte, γ. (tris).hatte, γ. (tris).Sedenia, Cx.Lyndeseye, β.; Lyndisey, γ.Paulus, libro 7o. Cunebertus, kyng of Longobardes, stood under his chamber wyndowe, and counsailled wiþ oon of his secretaries how he myȝte slee his knyȝt Aldo. Þanne þere was a greet flye, and þe kyngþe kyng] he, Cx.vondede, γ.kitt, β.; kytte, γ.vlye voot, γ.Aldo not knowynge of the kynges entent, Cx.ȝude, γ.went with, Cx.ȝif] ef, γ.hurde, γ.vlyȝ, γ.; fledde, Cx.dide, β; a dude, γ.for] by cause, Cx.holt, γ.holtede, γ.wykkede, γ.kitt, β.; ykut, γ.wryed, β.on caas] om. Cx.vyng, γ.grace, α.Bened, γ.as it were] om. Cx.þe] om. α., γ., and Cx.bilde, β., et infra.byschop, γ., et infra.þe] that, Cx.loore, Cx.fyveþe, β.bytouk, γ.Beda, libro 4o, capitulo 12o. Þat ȝere is gadered a synod under kyng Egfridus bysides þe ryver Alne,Alve, Cx.Twyfort, γ.pot, γ.his, Cx.Hagastald, γ., et infra.Cuthbertus, γ.Lyndesfarn, Cx.þuder, γ.Beda, libro 4o, capitulo 23o. Þis Cuthberd was firstevurst, γ.pruest, γ.; preest, Cx.an ankers lif, β.; an lif, ankers lyf, Cx.distruyed wrecchidlich, β.; de|struyede wrechedelich, γ.vrendes, γ.vor to vle, γ.begyled, Cx.vrendes, γ.ham, γ.þei tolled hym, β.; tollede, γ.; tolled and drough him, Cx.hym, α. and γ.strait, β.; streyt plas, γ.hulles, γ.gred, γ.vorward, γ.stryngþe, γ.valle, γ.vynge, γ.; receyved, Cx.vredom, γ.stronge, Cx.ȝunglyng, γ.kynges, β.kunde, γ.he over regnede, γ.Willelmus de Regibus. He wasKenbrihtus his, α.; Kenbrigh|tus, β. and Cx.; Kenbryhtus, γ.Cutha, γ.Cuth, γ.Ethelwold, γ.touk þe yl, γ.vurþe, γ.Nothus, β., γ., and Cx.eyȝtetene, γ.; eyghten yere, Cx.Sarasyns, Cx.touk, γ.distruyed, β.deyde] om. Cx.
THE secounde Iustinianus, after his fadervader, γ.vyfte, γ.Beda, libro 4o, capitulo 23o. Lotharius kyng of Canturbury deyde of a wounde þat he hadde i-fongeivonge, γ.vytyng, γ.he þat slouȝ hym] om. β. and Cx.unstidfast under uncerteyn, β.; uncerteyn, γ.lawful sone, β.conforted, β., γ.; til Wightred lawful sone was comforted, Cx.distruyed, β.vyng, γ.Hagustald, β. and γ.Vor, γ.Bosa, α., β., and Cx.vond, γ.; fonde, Cx.the holy crosse, Cx.Giraldus, distinctione prima, capitulo 17o. Þe firstevurste, γ.Ansegisilus, β., γ., and Cx.among Frenschmen, add. β.Paulus, libro 7o. Þat tyme in Fraunce kynges torned from þe wit and strenþestryngþe, γ.habbe, γ.hy, γ.reuled, β.ham, γ.ylond Lyndisfare, β.; Lyndys|fare, γ.; Lyndesfarn, Cx.til, β.ypot, γ.Cedwalla, β.yfulled, β.; yvolled, γ.i-take] om. Cx.folliche, γ.þritty, α. and β.Maii, β.and] of, Cx.of rich aray, β.pyers, β.castellis, Cx.fadres, α.; fader, Cx.men, MS.vorsok, γ.Giraldus, distinc|tione prima, capitulo 17o. Here take hede þat þis Cadwaledrus þe laste kyng of Bretouns is i-cleped Cedwalla in þe storie of Romayns and of Longobardes, and in Beda his storie also. But corupliche,corruptlich, β.corruptlyche vor hy, γ.folled, β.; yvolled, γ.understande, Cx.anuntynge, γ.þouȝ, β.he] a, γ.vor huy inneþ, γ.Walsche men, β.; Walschemen, γ.schulleþ, β.; hy schulleth, γ.ageyne, Cx.ych, γ.Y, β.; y, γ.þanne, β.dude, γ.Bischop, β.soþþe, γ.þe] om. β.of, α., β., and Cx.Aluredus, but, Cx.huld, γ.Beda, libro 5o, capitulo 9o. Aboute þat tyme Egbertus þe monk, þat we spekespake, Cx.schaped, γ.letted hym, Cx.þoo, α.; þo, β.; tho, Cx.plowes, β.myche, β.Pupinus, Cx., et infra.hudder, γ.Fryselond, Cx.Utrecht, Cx.reulede, γ.bilde, β.kyng] om. Cx.þat] whome, Cx.gylt and, Cx.exiled, β., et infra.
THE secounde Leo was emperour þre ȝere. In his tyme Clodoneus, kyng of Fraunce, was deed,was deea] deyde, Cx.; was ded β.slowghe, Cx.Ostrida, α., β., and γ.; Os|tryda, Cx.Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro 4o. Þat ȝere CuthlaciusGuthlacus, α.; Cuthlacus, β., γ., and Cx.bost, β.þe worl, γ.touk, γ.yl, γ.Crowlond, α.; Croulond, β.myrakels, γ.bouldes, γ.; buylde many places, Cx.sich, β.sethyng erthen pot, Cx.now, add. Cx.distruyed, β.and werre] om. Cx.Neotus, β., γ., and Cx. On the margin of MS. is "Neotus con|fessor."dyscypel, γ.now] om. β.gystes, γ.Beda. Þat ȝere byfelbyvul, γ.ones] om. β.that myracle that ought to be remembryd for thelthe of sowle, Cx.on þe soules state, β.somwhat, Cx.departed, Cx.helde, β.þe secounde] om. Cx.bost, β.recuvere, γ.pupol, γ.meved, β.fledde, Cx.soster, γ.emper, α.; empire, β.; assoylled thempire, Cx.ykitt, β.; ykut, γ.holden, β.Aquilia, β., γ., and Cx.his tyme] om. α. and β.wronfolliche, γ.Beda, libro 5o, capitulo 15o. Aboute þat tyme Arnulphus, bisshop of Galles, com into Bretayne. He wente to Ierusalem for to visite holy places,plas, γ.Damask, β.; Damaske, Cx.Alexandrye, α.; Alexandria, β.hamward, β.cleves, α.; clyfes, β.vond, γ.Adaminanus, Cx.touk, γ.suche as he wrote, Cx.vorsouk, γ.worlliche, γ.; worldly, Cx.yscore, γ.Bardeny, Cx.Lenredus, Cx.vyf, γ.Brythelynus, Cx.dide, β.; dude, γ.; put, Cx.and] at, Cx., wrongly.Aldelm, β. (bis), γ. (semper); Aldelme, Cx., et infra.Schirburn, β.; Schyrburn, γ.Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro 4o. Also þat ȝere deide Sexwulfus bisshop of Mercia. After hym Hedda hildehelde, β., et infra.
THE secounde Iustinianus regned eftefte, β.; agein, Cx.empire, β.recuverede, γ.feiþ, β.distruyed, β.Cersona, Cx.childern, γ.cheveteyn, β.deide, α.; deyde, β. and Cx.; dyede, γ.at, Cx.at Driffeld, β.; Dryffeld, γ.elleven, β.Sisinnus, β.dawes, γ.put, Cx.Beda, libro 5o, capitulo 9o. Þat ȝere Kenredus, kyng of Mercia, lefte his kyngdom to Colredus, the soone of his eemeame, Cx.Wike, β.Trevisa. Þe see of WykeKikcies, α.; Wiccies, β.Wircetre, β.; Worcetre, Cx.volweþ, γ.Wesburgh, Cx.ynne] om. α., β., and γ.Repindoun, β.; Rypendon, Cx.Schirburn, β.Aldelyn, MS.Elme, β.; an ald elm, γ.; Elme or an olde Helme, Cx.helm, α. and β.; elm, γ.of] om. α., β., and γ.gleo, β.; maner gleo, Cx.þat] this, Cx.veyr, γ.as he was saing, Cx.Trevisa. Save reverencereverens, γ.Aldelm, β.noþer] ner, Cx.verrey, γ.volweth, γ.in] om. β.chepmen, β. and γ.exyted, Cx.pistels, β.; pestels, γ.vestementes for to synge alwey messe, Cx.ladde, α. and γ.; had, β.Latran, Cx.he trowide, β.chesibel, γ.but, β.vul, γ.sunne beeme, β.failiden, β.follyng, β.; vollyng, γ.Aldelm, β. (bis).Aldelm, β. (bis).it . . . cristenynge] om. α. and β.bygote, Cx.gultles, γ.methaplasmo, γ. and Cx.Dunstan, β.hougeliche, γ.gretely his place and highted, Cx.Aldelm, β., et infra.leose, β.ȝute, β.; hyȝt ȝute, γ.; heete ȝute, Cx.freytour, γ.writen, β.Trevisa.Trevisa . . . place] om. Cx.Aldelme, β.luse, γ.wole, β.taken, α. and β.picher, β.ȝute, β.; hit ȝute, γ.arch þe bisshop, α. and β.Aldelm, β., et infra.þe] om. α. and β.Heiȝ, β.þe place, β. See note 1 above.versus writen, β.; ben wreton suche versus, Cx.be þy] by, β., γ., and Cx.longene, β. and γ.siþe, α., β., and Cx.þre sithe vyftene, γ.Beda, libro 5o, capitulo 19o. Þis child was of scharp wit, and wente in þe fourteþefourtenthe, Cx.Lyndisfare, β.þingis, β., et infra.lerny, γ.perfite, β.parfyght loore, Cx.gospelles, α.; gospels, β.Boneface, β.Ester, β.; the Eester, Cx.nedfol, γ.for] til, β. and Cx.Batyld, β.vyng, γ.Oswyus, α., β., and Cx.; Os|wyne, γ.Rypun, β.; Ripun, γ.prust, γ.Acta, β. and Cx.Beda, libro 5o, capitulo 20o.cap. secundo, Cx.ynnere, α. and β.; inner, γ.innermore, Cx.Item, capitulo 21o.cap. duodecimo, Cx.in] om. β. and Cx.Girwic, β.; Gerwyk, Cx.a wrot, γ.terme, Cx.þrid, β.so þat . . . Esterday] om. Cx., and puts in the place of this long passage the words: "And so he sente to hym the very true maner and reulis to holde the Eesterday like as we now holde."Rames, β.vul, γ.fil on a Sonday] expuncted in α., which adds the words in brackets, also expuncted; they are neither of them in β.phase, α. and γ.; phase, β.helde, β.habbe, γ.hy, γ.evennesse, β.yvounde, γ.wont, β.habbeþ, γ.assayed, α. and β.horlage, β.habel, γ.Whanne þe] What, β.volle, γ.worl, γ.volle, γ.hoost, Cx.vlyȝ, γ.; fled, Cx.Anastasius, β.of] in, β.suffrans, γ.ȝet, α.; ȝitt, β.ȝut reulede, γ.foughten, Cx.bare, Cx.wist, β.spedde, β. and Cx.; spyde, γ.prust, γ.Sarsyns, β.bisegide, β.Perce, Cx.vorþ and yvounde, γ.conteyned, β.þanne, β.þat þe] Thenne his, Cx.vaste, γ.to suppose, Cx.Hermyte, β.after, α., β., and Cx.hit, α.; It,.; Hyt, γ.of] om. α., β., and Cx.and þis Joon Da|mascenus was longe tyme after þe grete Gregory, β.; and þes John Damascenus was longe tyme after þe grete Gregory, γ.that] and, MS.allegeþ, β.Naȝauȝenus, Cx.nevere] ever, β. and Cx.; evere, γ.but, β.munde, γ.makiþ, β.munde, γ.allegeþ, β.; alledgeth, Cx.
THE þridde Leo, with his sone Constantyn, was emperour fyve and twenty ȝere. In his first ȝere deide Pipinus Vete|lus, after þat he hadde i-governed þe kynges hous eiȝte and twenty ȝere. After hym com Charles, þat was i-getegeten, β.; bygoten, Cx.sledges, Cx.whoche, γ.beteþ, β.beten and temperen, Cx.in] a, β. and γ.an, α. and γ.Sarsyns, β.ham vle, γ.oon] o, γ.Sarsynes, β.voȝt, γ.and] o mβ.Heudo, α. and β.; Hendo, γ. and Cx.Gian, β.; Guyen, Cx.Ranfredus, β.duyk, γ.Avio, α.; Anio, β. and γ.; An|geo, Cx.fillen, β.; vulle, γ.goodnesse, α.Orleyans, Cx.schewide, β.sayde that it was bycause he toke the goodes, Cx.bynymeþ, β.his] om. β.prest, γ.syȝ, β.vle, γ.Willel|mus de Pontificibus, libro 4o.Paulus, lib. 7o is the reference in β. and Cx.at] om. α., β., γ., and Cx.wax, α. and γ.; wex, β.hoge, γ.vulle, γ.hem] om. Cx.innede, α. and γ.togedders, γ.Milvium, β. and γ.; Iuilinum, Cx.for to] til, β.Bardony, β. and Cx.Alwi, γ.Cuthlacus, β.eiȝteteþe, α.; xviii., β.bisegide, β.Girwey, Cx.Lyngon, β.Beda, libro 5o, capitulo 6o.Willelmus de Pont., lib. quarto.Wykcies, α.; Wiccies, β.; Wyc|cyes, γ.Wircetre, β.; Wyrceter, γ.yongthe, Cx.silf, β.oponliche, γ.be siker, β.; be syker, γ.; shol be syker, Cx.unshyt, Cx.bigunne, β.privylege, β.seyled, β.vysch lupe, γ.þe] his, β.þe] þat, β.gut of þat vysch, γ.unleke, β.; unlokked, Cx.his] þe, β.Beda, libro 5o, capitulo 6o. Seint Iohn, bisshop of ȝork, deide at Deyrewode, þat is Beverlay, þe ȝere of his bisshopriche fyveþre, α.; iii., β.monoster, α.; menester, γ.Mighels, β.Hernishow, β.hit hatt Ernes hille, β.and] as, γ.brok, γ.and het Brokkesley, β.; Brok|kesly, Cx.þuder, γ.refreyschynge, γ.oncresed, β.Iter,Iter] om. γ. (not β.); Item, Cx.Beda, ubi supra. After þis Iohn, his preost Wilfridus was bisshop aboute a þritty ȝere. ℞. Þis hatte þe ȝongeȝonger, α.; ȝunger, β.Wilfrides, β.; Wilfrydes, Cx.habbeþ, γ.ȝunger, β.Bevereley, β.Trevisa].Trevisa . . . Worcestre] om. β. and Cx.; Wyrceter, γ.Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro 2o. Kyng Ine bulde an abbay at Glas|tyngbury,Glastenbury, β. and Cx.Aldelm, β.Þat tyme] om. Cx.Dunstan, Cx.noblich, β.Y, β.Y note, γ.sette, Cx.fol wickede, γ.richesses, β.proute, γ.swellen, Cx.wroth, Cx.cruwel, β.; crwel, γ.knowen, β.Thurstinus, Cx.Þuder, γ.whoche, γ.journey, β.; jorney, γ.second patriark of, Cx.martilogye, β.radde on, β.Bartilemus day, Cx., et infra.Glastonbury, β.
LEO þe emperour lete belete be] lefte, Cx.Germanus, β. and Cx.manliche, α. and γ.; manlich, β.; manly, Cx.costom, γ.and . . . ymages] And oft by the syght of such ymages men worshipe God and holy saintes, Cx.habbeþ, γ.sich, β.and . . . ymages] And oft by the syght of such ymages men worshipe God and holy saintes, Cx.Beda, libro 5o, capitulo 24o. Þat ȝere deide WithredusWihtredus, β.; Wyhtredus, Cx.Gruw, γ.Paulus, libro 7o. Þat ȝere Sarasyns com to Constantynnoble and by|segedbisegide, β.touk, γ.myche, β.and] om. β. and Cx.Wihtbrandus, β. and γ. Wyghtbrandus, Cx.raunsede, γ.relyques, Cx.fere, Cx.Gene, β. and γ.Titinum, α., β., γ., and Cx.Willelmus de Regibus,
libro primo. Kyng Ine betook his kyngdom of West Saxons to his cosyn Ethelardus, and went to Rome. Me seiþ þat he was þe firste of kynges þat grauntede to seynt Peter of everiche hous of his kyngdom a peny, þat longe tyme of Englisshe men was i-cleped Rome scot, but inin] a, β. and γ.heo, β.hure, γ.þe] þis, β.worl, γ.heo, β.; hue, γ.heo, β.; hue, γ.togadders, γ.rial, β.and departed thens, Cx.vylþe, γ. (bis).dunge, α., β., and Cx.; duynge, γ (bis).drit, β.; dryt, γ.; fylth, Cx.mokhulles, γ.hir, β.i-farwed, α. and β.; yvarwed, γ.; farwed, Cx.byȝude, γ; prayed, Cx.wyvene, α. and γ.; wyven, β.; om. Cx.for] om. β.peer, α.; pere, β. and γ.; lyke to Sardanapalus plesure and lust, Cx.þanne, β.desarayed, α.; disarayed, β. and Cx.; dysarayed, γ.heo, β.; hue, γ.corteyns, γ.; curteyns, Cx.plesing, β.; plesaunt, Cx.flatrie, β.; flatre you, Cx.gloteny, β.passyd, Cx.oure, α., β., and Cx.oure vleysch, γ.valle, γ.bytouk, γ.in syghte as a kyng, Cx.wex, β.soster, γ.heo, β.Beda, libro 5o, capitulo 29o. Osricus kyng of Norþhumberlond deide after þe nynþe ȝere [of his kyngdom. After hym Colwulfus regnede nyne ȝere];Historia Anglorum, α.; Histo|riam Anglorum, β. and γ.; Historia Anglicana, Cx.Beda, ubi supra. Þat ȝere were i-seie twey griselichgrislich, β.duyrede, γ.meschyef of Sarasyns, Cx.but, γ.Beda, libro 5o, capitulo 25o. Þat ȝere deyde Briȝtwoldus arche|bisshop of Dorobernya, þat is Canturbury. After hym Tad|wynus was archebisshop, and was i-sacred of þe bisshoppes of Londoun, of Wynchestre, and of Rouchestre. AlsoAlso] om. β.soget, β.hadden, β.pes, γ.her, β.lewed; a reforming comment.corsed, β.alle them that done, Cx.Cassyn, β.covenabellyche, γ.; covenably, Cx.Nothelinus, γ. and Cx.þat was] wor, α., β., and Cx.Wytta, Cx.Totta, α., β., and Cx.; Tocca, γ.Eata α., β., γ., and Cx.at] a, Cx.prust, γ., et infra.Willelmus de Regibus, libro 5o. Þe sevenþe ȝere of his age he was i-take to norschyngenorischinge, β.abbot of] om. Cx.nyntenþe, β.; nynteþe, γ.dekene, β.; deken, Cx.þrittiþe, α.; xxxti, β.busy, β.ne] om. α., β., and Cx.historia Anglicana, Cx.wondrye, γ.wole, β.hurde, γ.as it . . . stones] om. β.writen, β.; wryten, Cx.Y vynde, γ.writen, β.; wreton, Cx.writing, β.; writynge, γ.yvounde, γ.sich, β.; soche, γ.valle, γ.yre, β. and γ.Willelmus de Regibus, libro primo. But by pope Sergius his pistel þat was i-sent to abbot Colfridus it is i-knowe þat Beda was i-sent after and i-prayed for to come to Rome for to assoyleasoyl, γ.meoved, β., et infra.huld, γ.neode, β. and γ.seen myche, β.wekes, Cx.reteyne ony mete, Cx.strait, β.; streyt, γ.; strayt, Cx.letture, γ.dytty, γ.myn, α.Ich, β.; ych, γ.alive and with you, Cx.Y, β. tris and γ. bis.Y, β. tris and γ. bis.me] we, β.we habbeþ, γ.þonkynge, α. and β.Tuseday, β.; Tywesday, γ.neyhed, Cx.bygunne, β.; bygonne, Cx.I ded, α.; aneled, β.; yeeled, γ.; om. Cx.anoyt, γ.yhosled, γ.kisside, β.; kyssede, γ.habbe, γ.munde, γ.privyte, β.heer, Cx.O, γ.steyed, β.; ystowe, γ.of, α. and β.ȝeelde, β.; yelded, Cx.smel, β.so] þanne, β.now, add. β. and γ.nowþe] om. α., β., and γ.; now, Cx.neiȝ, β., bis.neiȝ, β., bis.þat, β.lewide, β., bis.lewide, β., bis.versus, β. tris; verses, Cx.tho verses, Cx.buþ, γ.prust, γ.vleysch, γ.þat he mouþe, γ.; now, Cx.desyreth bysylych, γ.Wulfranus, β.be i-cristened, α.; y-folled, β.; be yvolled, γ.oon, β.; one, Cx.hys o vote, γ.into] in, β.vantstone, γ.hurd, γ.voot, γ.esyur, γ.Y folowe, β.leese, β.vend, γ.afterward, β.Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro 4o. Aboute þat tyme deyde Seint FredeswydeFrydeswyd, γ.; Frydeswyde, Cx.Didanius, α.; Didamus, β. and γ.; duc Dydamus, Cx.folewide, β.; volwede, γ.closiden, β.tynde, β.; ytund, γ.; closeden and shytt, Cx.pursued, β.Wiliam, γ.Lyndisfare, β.; Lyndyfare, γ.Nothelinus, β., γ., and Cx.
THE fifþe Constantinus, after his fader Leo, was emperour þre and þritty ȝere; þis, as his fader used, tooktouk, γ.vuyr, γ.werred, β.; werryd, Cx.Ethelwaldus, Cx.prout, γ.bylad, β.; bylade, γ.wickedliche, α.; wickidlich, β.; wykkedlyche, γ.amendet, γ.hudde, γ.erles, β.vond, γ.Marcellus, β.Charlemayne, Cx., et infra.Charlomayn, β.vurde, γ.of . . . hous] om. β.Sarapt, β.; Sarapte, Cx.hure, γ.dide, β., et infra; huy dude, γ.Þe pope deede as he was] and þei, β.; And they, Cx.hym . . . i-prayed] om. γ.hym . . . i-prayed] om. γ.to, add. β.; Floriacio, Cx.bigunne, β.wuepe, γ.vaste, γ.bysylyche, γ.must, Cx.hurde, γ.messagers, Cx.starke, Cx.huy, γ.palys, β.unprofythabel, γ.vyng, γ.; resseyved, Cx.livelode, Cx.axide, β.slouthe, Cx.dude, γ.habbe, γ.eiȝtenþe, β.inpugned, Cx.in a time, add. β.; on a time, add. Cx.June, β.coverd, Cx.al a day, β.fuyry, β.; vury, γ.; fyry, Cx.Ester, α. and γ.; Estre, β.; the Eester, Cx.dysturbet, γ.; distourbled, Cx.þe, β.ȝunger, γ.ȝere, β.Willelmus de Regibus, libro [primo],et de Pontificibus, libro 4o. By his witt and sleyþesleiȝþe, β.reparailed, β.; reparaylde, γ.; reparayled, Cx.þat, α. and γ.states, α., β., γ., and Cx.touk, γ.hyde, γ.wrechedines, Cx.vorgendre, γ.strengþe, β.many, Cx.forgendride, β.; vorgendred, γ.money, Cx.lyberarye, Cx., et infra.peas, Cx.munde, γ.Yeve, Cx.soche as Ich, γ.nedfol, γ.al on an orchard, γ.oon] an, β. and Cx.Turoyn, β. and Cx.Humfridus, Cx.Sacarias, α.anoynte, γ.passide, β., et infra.Grekes, β.Cerdicus, β.gree, α. and β.; gre, γ.goten, Cx.slayn duke, β.; duc, γ.al] om. Cx.alwey, β.hudde, γ.dukes, β. and Cx.; duyk his, γ.Sigiswolde, β.Beornredes, β.Ripindoun, β; Rypindon, Cx.now] nouȝt, β.tourned, Cx.se, γ.his, α., β., and γ.bitwe, β.whoche dych, γ.loke] thou shalt fynde, Cx.plateis, β. and γ.Willel|mus de Regibus, libro 1o. Þis Offa fondede to gete frendschipevrendschyp, γ.Briȝtricus, β.; Bryhtricus, γ.; Bryghtrycus, Cx.Albinus, α. and β.; om. Cx.procre, β.procre pes, γ.marchaundes, α., β., and γ.; marchauntes, Cx.vorbode, γ.Marianus. After Stevene, Paul was pope ten ȝere, a mylde man in alle þinges. In his tyme Gengulphus was in his floures in Bur|goyn.Burguyn, γ.that thylke, Cx.Burguyn, γ.heo, β.; hue, γ.spousehod, α., and γ.; spouse|ode, β.; spouseed, Cx.lay] had lay, Cx.dide, β.myrakels, γ., tris.ȝif] whan, Cx.duþ, γ.arse, Cx., et infra.hue, γ.afterward] bis in MS.voul, γ.; fowle, Cx.Mull, Cx.Aluredus, α., β. et infra, γ., and Cx.Aluredus, α., β. et infra, γ., and Cx.twy, γ.in his stede] transposed in β.and, α., β., γ., and Cx.dide, β.sklaunder, Cx.chierte, Cx.chirche, β.yene, γ.fel, β.; fell, Cx.vleysch, γ.
WHANNE Pipinus was dede the Frenche men delededeparted, Cx.Charloman, β. (et infra), γ. (semper).nobly, Cx.vlyȝe, γ.Desiderius, α., β., γ., and Cx.hym, γ.Hunald, α., β., γ., and Cx.bisegide, β.touk, γ.vrendes, γ.ben red, Cx.he] Charles, β. and γ.; Charles chastysed, Cx.vorsok, γ.on pupel, γ.Þerafter, β.londes, Cx.Pireni, Cx.assoylled, Cx.buschmentes, β.; boschementes, γ.Gaskoynes, β.; Gascoyns, Cx.huy, γ.otterdel, γ.palys, β.De libro Turpini. In a day whan trewestruwes, β.; trwes, γ.were graunted on, Cx.to be folled, β.; yvolled, γ.delyciously, Cx.yved, γ.habbe, γ.voul, γ.; broken, Cx.huy, γ.messagers, Cx., et infra.us] om. β.munde, γ.of] om. γ.quaþ, γ.evyl servyd, Cx.vongeþ, γ.; resseyved, Cx.fullouȝt, β.; vollouȝt, γ.; Crys|tendom, Cx.afturward, γ.Trevisa. Aigolandus was a lewed goost,gost, Cx.ymeoved, β.blend, β.; blynded, Cx.staat, β.; state, Cx.Giraldus,distinctio, add. β.prima, capitulo 17o. Here after Charles wan Gallia Narbonensis, and made suget þe Capu|anes and þe Beneventanes, þe Danes and þe Sweves, þat were i-confeþeredconfedered, β.dide, β.; dude, γ.Pers, β. and γ.; Perce, Cx.worschipiden, β.; worshipeden, Cx.welvaryng, γ.man] om. β. and Cx.but] and, γ.sterne, β.eyȝte, α. and γ.; eiȝte, β.vot, γ., bis.on, α., β., γ., and Cx.fase, γ.clef, β. and γ.eslyche, γ.volde, γ.beende, β.horse shone, Cx.hebbe, γ.haare, β.a lyte wyn ywatert, γ.passyng in] at, Cx.in] over, β.Charles, add. Cx.brugge, γ.vyf, γ.paces, β.; pas, γ.honty, α., β., and γ.doo] om. β.sciences, β., et infra.spendyl, γ.þey] a, γ.slowe, β.Gruwe, β.vondede, γ.a payr tables, Cx.litel, β.were, β.ordeygned, Cx.almus, γ.pour, γ.ver, γ.redar, Cx.delyte, Cx.specially, Cx.underntide, α.; undertyde, β., γ., and Cx.twy, γ.ofte . . . wolde] om. Cx.nouȝt, α. and β.ofte . . . wolde] om. Cx.voure, γ.vyve, γ.lye, β.; lygge adoun, γ.þe citee, α. and β.ȝude a vote, γ.kissed, β.; kussede, γ.vorsouk, γ.reserved, Cx.outake reliques, β.vyng, γ.grete, add. Cx.blosme, Cx.oon, β.þues, γ.Aquisgrani, β.buþ, γ.þelke, γ.Turoneyes, β.; Turoneies, γ.Trevisa.wot, γ.ycongeyed, γ.in, α.turoneies, α. and γ.las worþ, γ.Ryver, γ.ducate, γ.turoneies, γ.volweth, γ.alyve, β.outtake, β.whoche, γ.Grece, β.þouȝ, β.pupel, γ.wyneþ, γ.of] om. β.of] to, β. and Cx.or he] ar a, ℞.munde, γ.houshold, Cx.He] Þes prins, γ.tovore, γ.diffrence, β.Scot and sot change places in β. and γ.speke and] om. β.anoynted, β.voure and vyfty, γ.vader (semper), γ.alyve, β.fader, α.Charloman, β.þre score and ten, α., β., and γ.; four score and four is written here in a mistake in MS.heelde, β.; huld, γ.to] and deide, MS.xvi., β.and fourtene, wrongly added here in MS.he] om. γ.Aquisgrani] Akon, Cx.treulyche, γ.dide, β.; huy dude, γ.vend, γ., bis.axide, β.habbe, γ.habbeþ, γ., et infra.weyed, β. and Cx.þelke, γ.James, Cx.tren, β.; þrew, γ.; teres, Cx.weight, Cx.þat] om. β.weyede, β.; weyȝe, γ.; weyed, Cx.buylde, β.assayled, β.; assoyled, Cx.his] om. γ.revoked, Cx.outtake fullouȝt, β.; vollouȝt, γ.and what that was, Cx.
AFFTER SteveneStephyn, γ.counceyl, Cx.se, γ.Ethelertus, γ.Etheldredus, β. and γ.ferþe, β.Grece, β., et infra.þirste, β.; vor vurste, γ.; brente in thurste, Cx.ryally sette with carbuncle, Cx.at] to, Cx.huld, γ.alyve, β.ferþe, β.Yrene, α.; Yren, β.; Irene, γ.; Iren, Cx., semper.potte, γ.heo, β.; hue, γ.Armenyes, β., γ., and Cx.helpers, Cx.cruwelnesse, β.yen, γ.Yren, β., et infra.eft] after, γ.allone] om. Cx.pupel, γ.exiled, β., bis.founden, β.wreton, Cx.Ych, γ.Sone, Cx.eft, α. and Cx.; efte, β.Marianus, libro 2o. Þat ȝere Kenul|phus kyng of West Saxone, and Offa kyng of Mercia, fauȝt stronglichevouȝte stronlyche, γ.Besyngton, β. and Cx.; Ven|syngton, γ.Alfwold, α. β., and γ.; Aswolf, Cx.Grekes, β. and Cx.Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro 4o. Kenul|phus kyng of West Saxons caste for to putte Kynehard out of his kyngdom, þe broþer of his predecessourpredecessours, α.; predecessors, β.And . . . laste] om. Cx.vorsouke, γ.veyr, γ.feyr byhestes, β.bote vor huy were vewe huy were, γ.And . . . laste] om. Cx.knowen, Cx.Brihtricus, β.; Brihtric, γ.Kyngilsus, β.; Kyngislus, γ.; Gengulsus, Cx.out] doune, Cx.Briȝtricus, β.; Brihtricus, γ.Rychulfus, α., β., and Cx.; Richulfus, γ.Albon, α.fundement, β.brand, β.a good] an, α. and β.Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro primo.quarto, α. and β.Brihtricus, β.; Brythricus, γ.hure, γ.laboured, Cx.houshold men, Cx.heo, β.for . . . ȝongelynges] to a ȝongelynge, α., β., and Cx.heo, β.þe kyng and his, α., β., γ., and Cx.soler, β.hure, γheo, β., et infra.oþer, α. and β.hue ches, γ.Haddest thou chose, Cx.habbe, γ.ner, Cx.worle, γ.kynges, α., β., and Cx.Henricus, libro 4o. Þat ȝere was i-seie a wonder signe of þe cros on Englisshe men cloþes, and blood filblod vul, γ.eorþe, γ.We . . . doom] It is not knowen, Cx.wheþer, β.fil, β.; vul, γ.i-come] to come, β.bote . . . privete] but as God wil soo mote it be, Cx.bote . . . privete] but as God wil soo mote it be, Cx.stiward, β.; styward, Cx.unwiseliche, β.; unwyslych, γ.veaw, γ.Alswold, β.; Alfwold, γ.afterward slayn, β.Lyndisfare, β.; Lyndesfar, Cx.vorsouk, γ.Osbaldus, α. and β.veaw, γ.Adulphus, Cx.lxxvi. yere kynges regneden there, Cx. The word ȝere has got misplaced in MS., and should come after sixtene.Osbriht, β. and γ.i-wreyed, α.; wryȝed, β.; ywryed, γ.anhanged, β.lif, β.Kyneswyda, β.; Kineswilda, γ.
OFFA deide, kyng of Mercia, his son EserkusEgsercus, α., β., γ., and Cx.Kenelm, β. and γ. (semper); Kenelme, Cx.Willelmus de Regibus, libro 1o in fine. Þis Kenulphus was Penda his nevew in þe fifte degree,gree, α.; gre, γ.passide, β.stronge, Cx.touk, γ.wrath, Cx.Pren, α., β., and γ.in] of, Cx.vredom, γ.stret grochede, γ.; grutched, Cx.startyng, β.heyr, γ. and Cx.withdrewe, Cx.seen, β.blendyng, β.; blendynge, Cx.yen, γ.Alfridus. Also þat ȝere, þat was þe tenþe ȝere of Brithricus,Brihtricus, β.vury, γ.; fyry, Cx.fuyry dragons seen, β.vleyng, γ.eyr, β.pestilences, β.þe] om. β.assoylede, γ.vlye, γ.ferþe, β.Marcus, β. and Cx.yen, α.yene ypot, γ.kitt, β.tonge, α., β., and Cx.Thenne, Cx.purgide, β.tofore, Cx.exiled, β.emperice, β.; emperys, γ.Grece, β.founden, β.Durham, Cx.passide, β.Grekes, β. (et infra) and Cx.Giral|dus, distinctio prima, capitulo 7o. For þis passynge of þe empere þe Grees, [þeyȝ]þan] þat, MS.ȝut hy habbeþ, γ.hy habbeþ, γ.withdrawen, Cx.withdrawe, Cx.Willelmus de Regibus, libro 2o, et de Pontificibus, libro 3o. BriȝtricusBrihtricus, β., et infra.ypuysned, γ.kuynde, γ.þat were] þewe and, α.; boond and, β.pupel þewe and vre, γ.; peple bonde and fre, Cx.swipere, β.; swyper, Cx.wepen, γ.to be born, Cx.idel] om. γ.fol, γ.sternliche, β.he, β. and Cx.there was bytwene hem a bataille, Cx.unliche, β.; unlych, γ.; unlike, Cx.of] and, β. and Cx.paal, Cx.vat, γ.soner, Cx.stoffed, γ.onnede, β.oppon, γ.helde, β.bade, β.vorþward, γ.Brihtricus, β.and] as, β., γ., and Cx.vorde, γ.Chimereforde, β. and γ.; Chy|merforde, Cx.Weofftan, β.; Weofstan, γ.Aluredus, β. and Cx.to] in, β. and γ.bylde, β.There God sheweth for hym, Cx.myrakels, γ.Willelmus de Regibus, libro primo. Þat ȝere Albinus anan] om. Cx.kunnyng, β. and γ.enlumyned, Cx.þere, β.mas vor, γ.Grekes, β.chaungide, β.Aldelm, β. and Cx.Ich, γ.yrad, γ.specially, Cx.Turone, Cx.outrage, α., β., and γ.among hem he] a monk, β. and γ.he] om. α.dorter, β.slew, Cx.outtake, β.At the laste Alcuinus] bis in MS.monkes, β. and Cx.; monkene, γ.Gylys, Cx.Grekes, β., et infra.vast, γ.Roone, β. and Cx.; Rome, MS.deken, Cx.descryvede, γ.; discrived, Cx.Cassyn, β. and γ.rysynge, γ.shorne, Cx.roþeren, α.; ruþeren, β. and Cx.; roþern, γ.syke, α.; seke, β.; syk, γ.to ffore Feverer, α., γ., and Cx.; tofore Februare, β.at Acon, Cx.Marianus, libro 2o. In his laste ȝere þe treen briggebrugge, γ., et infra.; brydge, Cx., et infra.pas, γ.oon] o, γ.o spoone, β.; a spoon, Cx.vlete, γ.vul, γ., et infra.Ryculfus, Cx.byschip, α.so by hap, γ.; aventure, Cx.
LOWYS þe mylde, Charles his eldeste sone, was emperour after his fader sixe and twenty ȝere and enleveneellevene, β.clerkys, Cx.dide, β.girdles, β.; gurdel, γ.; gyrdels, Cx.Giraldus, [distinctio]prima, capitulo 17o. Þis Lowys untoon, α., β., and Cx.Hirmengarda, γ.made, β.Gyan, β.; Guyan, Cx.Gaskoyn, β. and Cx.Bavarrya, γ.; Bavaria, Cx.Burguyn, γ.Willelmus de Regibus, libro 2o. For þe fader loved most þis balled Charles, and kissedkuste, α. and γ.pursued, β.potte, γ.Gi|raldus ubi supra.diseased, Cx.til he dide, β.; vor to a dude, γ.rewme, β.; royame, Cx.sternlich, β.; strongliche, γ.Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro primo. Þerfore whan þis kyng hadde avaunced oon Fredericus to þe bisshopriche of Trajette andin, α., β., and γ.Utrecht in Fryselonde, Cx.in] on, Cx.chargide, β.munde þat a was, γ.folwe, α.; folowe, β. and Cx.; volwe, γ.acceptation, β.; acceptacioun, γ.punysche, β.; punysshe, Cx.Sere, γ.and] om. γ.þy, α.; þi, β.; þey, γ.iche, α.; Y, β.walwed, β.; ywalwed, γ.; wa|lowed, Cx.atame, β.fische, α. and β.; vysch, γ.; fysshe, Cx.wuste, γ.gluwed, β.; ygluwed, γ.; greved, Cx.of] om. β., γ., and Cx.feiþ, β.vurste, γ.þee ceese, β.; seece, Cx.þe, α., γ., and Cx.; þee, β.wedlak, β., et infra.; unlawefol wedloc, γ., et infra.þelke, γ.þey, α.hy touk hyt a vorþ, γ.was hevy and] om α., β., γ., and Cx.hurde, γ.þe, β.vorȝaf, γ.huyred, β.; hyrede, γ.Giraldus, distinctio prima, capitulo 17o. At þe laste þis Lowys ȝaf to his sone Charles þe ballede þat he hadde i-gete on IudithaJutha, α. and γ.vorsouk, γ.ferþe, β.exiled, β.Privinge, α., β., and γ.; Prynge, Cx.afterward, β.delivereden, β.; delyverden, Cx.valslyche, γ.monchon, β.; meynchen, γ.; menchon, Cx.purgide, β.spousbruch, γ.hadde] om. Cx.ayenst, Cx.ferthe, β.Stephyn, γ.Grece, β.Seint] om. Cx.Praxed, β. and γ.Willelmus de Regibus, libro primo, et de Pontificibus, libro 4o. Kenulphus kyng of Mercia deide, and his sone Kenelyn,Kenelm (and so afterwards), α., β., and γ.; Kenelme, Cx., et infra.soster, γ.founden, β.op vram, γ.culver, Cx.and . . . pope] om. Cx.oppon, γ.redde, Cx.ded, γ.knowen, β.Clente, Cx.Coubache, β. and γ.Kenelm, γ.At, α., β., and γ.in Con vale, γ.slayn, β.heo, β., et infra.pot, γ.seece, Cx.þe, α., β., and γ.salme, β.scherewednes hue, γ.hue, γ.yene, γ.Þe blode, β.; Þe blod, γ.seermunde, γ.Sauter, β. and γ.sche þo, α.; heo helde þanne, β.; hue þo, γ.huld, γ.hir, β.
AFFTER Kenelin,Kenelm, γ. and Cx.em, α.; eem, β.; eme, γ.pot, γ.Elyndoun, β.; Elyndon, γ. and Cx.vorhond, γ.mevyd, Cx.jorney, β.; journey, Cx.ham, γ.neiȝ, β.; neigh, Cx.nyȝ kynhysman, γ., et infra.aveng, Cx.voȝt, γ.neiȝ, β.; neyh, Cx.Viglanus, α.; Wiglanus, β. and γ.; Wyglanus, Cx.vurde, γ., et infra.voure, γ.Gregroy, Cx.thyrten, Cx.Giraldus, distinctio prima, capitulo 17o. In þisþes, γ.Theodulphus, β., γ., and Cx.Floriace, α. and β.; Floryace, Cx.Orleans, Cx.Angeoi, γ.þe vers, β.; the verse, Cx.bigan, β.; bygynneth, Cx.noote, β.; note, Cx.Meldeus, β.; Meldens, γ. and Cx.gret, γ. (tris).he . . . divinite] om. Cx.bok, γ.Schipeigh, α.; Scipeye, β.; Scypeigh, γ.; Shepeye, Cx.voȝt, γ.Carrun, α. and β.; Carrū,.; Carrum, Cx.Tuleus, β.; Tulens, γ.; To|louse, Cx.weynche, γ.; damoysel, Cx.vyng, γ.our Lordes, Cx.on, β.vaste, γ.to water, β.absteyned, β.ȝere] om. β.Souden, γ.Babiloyn, β.; Babylon, Cx.distried, β.; destruyede, γ.Secilia, Cx.hem, β.; ham, γ.þat] þo, Cx.hy, γ.drowned, Cx.neiȝ, β.called, Cx.Cural, α., β., γ., and Cx.confederacy, β., γ.; confedera|cyon, Cx.in fere] yfere, β.; yvere, γ.; to|gyder, Cx.Willelmus de Regibus, libro 2o. Egbertus kyng of West Saxons deide, and his sone Athulphus, þat heethet, β.norischyng, β.to, α., β., γ., and Cx.sudekene, β.; sudecon, γ.; sub|deken, Cx.butelers, β.; bottiller, γ.Aluredus, β. and Cx.o, γ.reparayled, β.; reparaylde, γ.syȝ, β.þere, α., β., and Cx.; þar, γ.dede, α.; dide, β. and Cx.; dude, γ.penauns, γ. (tris).yre, γ.of his royame, Cx.marc, Cx.Paulus, Cx.quyte, γ.royamme, Cx.of fredom] offrede, α.; offred, β. and Cx.; and offerde, γ.teþe, γ.broȝt, γ.hir, β., bis.vor a set, γ.biside, β.ros,ȝut, γ.ceesed, β.; ceced, Cx.sich, β.wreþþe, γ.þis] om. Cx.; þes, γ.þat . . . moche] om. Cx.whom he sent, Cx.heeled, β.þat, β. and γ.distruyed, β.heo, β.; hue, γ.hir, β.Poliswortham, α.; Polliswur|tham, β. and γ. In the MS. there seems to have been written Polis|wortham, but the two final letters have been scratched out. Cx. has Pollyswortham.dwellide, β., bis.soster, γ.dwellide, β., bis.heo, β., tris; hue, γ., tris.heo, β., tris; hue, γ., tris.Andreseye, β. and Cx.; An|dresey, γ.Lyndesaye, Cx.Repyndon, Cx.goten, Cx., bis.Bertulfus, β.; Bertulphus, γ.Bertsercus, γ.cruelych, γ.Willelmus de Regibus, libro 2o.
WHANNE Lowys was dede his eldest sone Lotharius, þat was emperour fiftene ȝere while his fader was onlyve,alyve, γ.aros, γ.Gyan, β.; Guyan, Cx.Giraldus, distinctio prima. And þeyþei, β.; hy, γ.Fontanet, β., γ., and Cx.vlyȝ, γ.ychaced, β.slauȝt, β. and γ.longur, γ.hurde, γ.huld, γ.aloon, β.Bertilmeus, Cx.Beneventan, β., γ., and Cx.vurste, γ.chaungede, β., bis.; chayngede, γ.Crist whanne a ches, γ.Anoþer is, for as þei chaungeþ her names, β.; Anoþer is for as a chayngeth here names, γ.þey] a, γ.chaunde, MS.staat, β.; astate, Cx.voul, γ.translatet, γ.diocesy, β. and γ.Romayns, MS.Berthulfus, β.Wytsontyde, β.Rypyndon, Cx.cleer] from Cx.; clere, β.; cler, γ.paynyms had destruyed, β.Napels, β.Napels þat voȝte in þe se, γ.Petrum] om. and γ.apostolum in fluctibus] om. Cx.oreson, γ.anoynted, β.; anoycte, γ.Ethelwitha, β. and γ.; Ethel|wytha, Cx.Trevisa.Trevisa . . . storie] om. β.o. Þanne it foloweþvolweþ, γ.Trevisa . . . storie] om. β.ypot, γ.vol, γ.ychased, γ.Bertulfus, .hy, γ.Souþrey, β.; Southrey, γ.; Suthrey, Cx.vorsouk, γ.worl, γ.Prunye, β. and Cx.betwixe, β.angles, Cx.feendes, β.; vendes, γ., et infra.huder and buder, γ.Willelmus de Regibus, libro 2o. Þis Lotharius hadde by Ermengarda, Houwe his douȝter,Houwes douȝter, β.hett, β.a bytouk, γ., et infra.the] om. α., β., γ., and Cx.Provynce, β.delede þe kyngdom bitwene hem tweyn. Þat was Provynce, β.; delede by twene ham tweyne Charles hys kyngdom, .; Lowys and Lotharius delede the royamme of Proynce by|twene hem, Cx.Provins, α.; Provyns, γ.
THE secounde Lowys, as som men telleþ,telle, Cx.vyftene, γ.Marcus, Cx.he] a, γ.twy, γ.ben, Cx.hett, β.; ȝunger þat hyȝt, γ.also] om. β.vend, γ.knewlechede, γ.Willelmus de Regibus, libro 2o. In þis Lowys his tyme IohnIoon, β.Denes, γ.Grue, β. and Cx.; Gru, γ.bok, γ., bis.Perifision, β. and γ.; Perefi|sion, Cx.vor a scholde, γ.dide, β.; a dude, γ.woche, γ.stykked, Cx.poyntels, Cx.fourteþe, α.; vourteþe,.o, γ.is, α., β., and Cx.; ys, γ.Schirburn, β.; Schyreburn, γ.; Shirburn, Cx.Marcianus. After pope Leo, IohnIoon, β., bis; Iohan, Cx., bis.vyf, γ.Englisch, β. bis.yongthe, Cx.Atthene, Cx.luernede, γ.þar, γ.; there, Cx.scyens, γ.heo, β. and γ.rad, β.; redde, Cx.he] a, γ.; heo, β.; she, Cx.pope] om. Cx.hir, β.heo, γ. tris.hue, γ., bis.Peter's, Cx.Ioon, β.Collosen, Cx. bis.Trevisa. Colloseum was þe place of þe ymages of provinces and of londes; loke more þerofloke more þerof] as it is said, Cx.o. Þanne it folweþ in þe story, asas] And, β.as me seiþ] om. Cx.torned, Cx.men, β.me troweþ þat] om. α.bok, γ.kunde, γ.for she was a woman, and ought not to be pope, Cx., who adds: she was born at Magounce in Al|mayn upon the Ryn.Crist hys fey and byleve, and was so perfyt þat a bytouk his kyngdom to hys eldeste sone, and touk hym sylf þe abyt of monk, bote whanne hys sone tornde to mametrye, he tornde to, &c., γ.puysewyde, γ.aȝe his sone, α.; aȝen, om. γ.yen, γ.Ethelbaldus, α. and γ.destried, β.er, β.retorne, Cx.Ioon, β.; Iohan, Cx., passim.vurde, γ.yredde, Cx.Nichol, β.Cyrillus, Cx.dide, β.; dude, γ.leeve, β.ryȝtfol, γ.myche, β.Nychol, Cx., et supra.instans, γ.byscopes, γ.þe, α. and Cx.swerye oppon þe bok, γ.potte, γ.touk aȝe, γ.playne, Cx.corsede, γ.comuned] covinede, γ.; com|ende, Cx.Mare, β.; Bote Mare, γ.; Marianus, Cx.us] om. β. and Cx.birþe, β.londide, β.Anglond, γ.ham sylf, γ.rad, β.hyȝte, γ.ysesed, γ.; ceeced, Cx.theyr, Cx.ayenst, Cx.compellide, β.vle to, γ.well, add. Cx.ful wel walled, β.; was þo noȝt fol wel ywalled, γ.werrede, α. and γ.; werride, β.oon] o, β.plas, γ.pes, γ.faylide, β.the] om. Cx.Nothyngham, Cx.þanne, α. and β.; there, Cx.Mercia, α.stryngþe, γ.batayl, γ.turneden, β.tornde hom, γ.secunde Adrian,Lowys kyng, α. and β.a wolde vonge, γ.giltless, β.gulty, γ.ȝus al atte folle, γ.come, β. and Cx.yooned, β.; y-oned, γ.; unyed Cx.vram þe woche, γ.kitt, β.hoslede, γ.; housled, Cx.comynyng, β.; comyng, Cx.mot, β.; comunynge mote, γ.over, α., β., γ., and Cx.sekenes, Cx.vul, γ.pestylens, γ.distriede, β.Tedford, β.Hinguar, β. and γ.; Hungar, Cx.Eglysdoun, α. and β.; Egglis|doun, γ.; Eglyston, Cx.Trevisa.Trevisa . . . capitulo 51o.] om. β. and Cx.o.Trevisa . . . capitulo 51o.] om. β. and Cx.Willelmus de Regibus, libro 2o. Seynt Edmond his heedhed, β., bis.hed lay yhud, γ.bosches, γ.countrey, Cx.here, β., tris; her, γ., tris.folewide, β.that cam theder, Cx.Willelmus de Regibus, et de Pontifi|cibus, libro 2o. After þe sleynge of þe kyngeskyng his, α.worl, γ., et infra.lyvede, Cx.Cern, Cx.cristen, Cx.folle þe peple, β.; vor to volle þe pupel, γ.valleþ vol, γ.meschef, β.buld, α.; bylde, β. and Cx.ynowȝ, β.; ynough, Cx.ȝef hy, γ.delede, α.; deled, β. and Cx.prude, γ.chaungide, β.wastet, γ.ouners, α. and γ.; owneres, β.; owners, Cx.sustenans, γ.gystes, α. and γ.; ghestes, Cx.certaynly, Cx.nouȝt, β.myde, γ.weyed, β. and Cx.balauns, γ.
THE þridde Lowys regnede [in Fraunce]Willelmus de Regibus, libro 2o. Þis ȝere þe oost of Danes lefte Est AnglondEnglond,Hinguar, α. and γ.; Hingar, β.Engilfeld, β. and γ.; Engel|feld, Cx.the two, Cx.gedders, γ.slauȝta., β., and γ.of] o, γ.brake, β. and Cx.; breke, γ.Barocscuyre, γ.bakward] bak, β. and Cx.oppon Aschedoun, γ.; Assh|doun, Cx.hurde, γ.whoche, γ.was, Cx.myche worþ, β.heyȝer, γ.; hyther, Cx.hulle, γ., et infra.vram þe voot, γ.opward, γ.chaside, β.þere] þe, β.; the, Cx.þe] om. α. and β.þer] om. β.efte twy monþes, γ.ham, γfaver, β.syege, Cx.þan, from α. and β.; þat, MS.travalide, β.encrecyde, Cx.maystry, γ.and, from β. and γ.; of, MS.bare, Cx.made, β.duel, γ.; doole, Cx.Maii, β. and γ.Wynburn, β. and Cx.eyȝteteþe, γ.Ioon, β.þes, γ., et infra.vor a, γ.faver, β.; favere, γ.hed, β.In þe tyme of þis, β.prikide, β.; prykede, γ.; pryked, Cx.destruyede, γ.þo] þanne, β.; thenne, Cx.Marcianus, libro 2o.
ALUREDUS, þe fourþevurde, γ.birþe, β.hoole, Cx.; kyng is written twice over in MS.reulede, γ.noblich, β.hyde, γ.vorþ, γ.feyr, γ.schap, β.ȝut, γ.huld, γ.Saxon poeysy, β.sotil, β.; sutyl, γ.; subtyll, Cx.buildynge, Cx.salmes, γ.gedders, γ.manuel, Cx.þe] that, Cx.couþe, β.symplich, β.; bote sympellyche γ.; He was but a symple Grama|ryon, Cx.whom, from α., β., and Cx.; wham, γ.; whan, MS.vysytede vol, γ.sciences, β.procured, β.artykels, γ.suffride β.stye up] take degree or ordre, Cx.op, γ.hit, β.aventred, Cx.translate, Cx.sauter, β. and γ.translated, Cx.of, MS.vleysch, γ.vor to pot, γ.þat] om. Cx.vleyschlyche, γ.cockes, β.kokene crouwe, γ.chastyse, Cx.vleysch, γ.sich, β.unprofythabel, γ.vrelyche, γ.fyches, γ.þat is . . . þat evel] om. β. and Cx.vor, γ. (semper).þat is . . . þat evel] om. β. and Cx.Gueron, γ.; Suerons, Cx.owþer, Cx., bis.ceese, β.; sese, γ.touk, γ.fyve, α., β., and Cx.vyve and vourty, γ.monchon, β.; meynchen, γ.; Ethelgota a menchon, Cx.lurne, γ.almus, γ.souȝt, β.bisilich, β., et infra.for] after, β. and Cx.Also . . . Engelond] not in β. and γ.Also . . . Engelond] not in β. and γ.Daviþis abbay, β.utmeste, α.; ottemeste, γ.þe . . . ende of] om. β. and Cx.lettrure and] om. Cx.childern, γ., bis.childern, γ., bis.boond, β.he myght understande, Cx.dide, β.; dude, γ.a pot, γ.hym] them, Cx.Werfredus bischop of Wircetre, β.translated, MS.and torne] om. Cx.dialogorum, β. and γ.Willelmus de Regibus, libro primo. He deled a thredeparted in thre, Cx., et infra.tweyne] om. β. and Cx.he] om. Cx.chef, β. and γ.; chyef, Cx.it] om. β.ȝut, γ.ygadderd, γ.and . . . þere] om. α.ferþe, β.; vurde, γ.in þre] a þre, α. and β.and, α.in] om. β.bodyly, Cx.þues, γ.of] by, β.voȝt, γ.both the hoostes, Cx.distruyed, β.o, γ.mych yfebled, β.; yfebled, γ. febled, Cx.hy, γ., et infra.dwellide, β.; dwelde, γ.breke, γ.y-crowned, α.; crowned, β.; y-crouned, γ.whiles, Cx.a hurde, γ.Charlomayn, β.bigan, β.valle, γ.Alpes in MS. by a slip of the scribe.hatt, β.bitoke the, Cx.oppon, γ.sich, β.joynede, β.; innede, γ.; joyned, Cx.vurste, γ.deel], from α.; del, γ.; of Col|wulfus his deth, MS.; Colwulfus part Cx.ofte, β., γ., and Cx.an, add. β.; aboute an, add. γ.ley, Cx.translatede, γ.translatide hir, β.; translated her, Cx.seker, Cx.plas, γ.þe, α., β., and Cx.pledges, Cx.Henricus, libro 5o. Þat ȝere Rollo þe Dane come first into Normandie, and regnede þere fourty ȝere. Willelmus de Regibus, libro 2o. First oon HastyngesHastingus, β. and γ.mennus, β.goodes and catayle, Cx.þe] om. Cx.stryngþe, γ.hy touke, γ.smocke, Cx.oppon þe pynnakels, γ.; a py|nacle, Cx.schott, β.; schute, γ.; shollen, Cx.Roll, Cx.xvii., Cx.pot. γ.and his broþer] om. α., β., and γ.acordede, α.; acorde, γ.yfulled, β.; yvolled, γ.huld, γ.chef, β.; chyef, Cx.cusse, α.; kusse, γ.sich, β.valle, γ.knen, β.fote, β.; voot, γ.þreu, γ.beanne to laugh, Cx.boystus, γ.þerafter, α., β., and Cx.; þar after, γ.
LOWYS Balbus regnede in Fraunce two ȝere. [In his firste ȝer]Excestre, Cx.men] om. α., β., and γ.rial, β.Chipenham, α., β., and γ.; Chypenham, Cx.soget, γ.; subgette, Cx.veaw, γ.unnesy, Cx.right nought, Cx.velowys, γ.vyschyng, γ.unstidfast, β. and Cx.axide almes, β.; almus, γ.haf, β. and γ.visitiþ, β.; vysyted, Cx.foche saf, γ.encreace, Cx.lofe, β.; lof, γ.hyt, γ.half therof, Cx.vansede, γ.; vanysshed, Cx.vanyschide sodeynlich, β.; so|denlich, γ., and puts its after awey.noon wey] no stap, β.; non vore, γ.; noo steppe, Cx.more, α.; naysch more, γ.; nesshe more, Cx.yvounde, γ.grete plentye of fysshe, Cx.chargide, β.aȝenus, β.prustes, Cx.hym] om. β., and puts myn before Aluredus.more to. Myne Aluredus, Cx.potteþ, γ.þyn, α.; þi, β.; þy, γ.quaþ, α. and γ.Ych, α.; Ich, β. and γ.Cutberth, Cx.ȝisterday here, α.; ȝursday here, γ.vredom, γ.Willelmus de Regibus,
libro 2o. Þan Aluredus com out of prison, and putte hym to a peril of greet fraude and gile.and of gyle, β.in mynstralles weede, Cx.felawe, Cx.fylle sodenly, Cx.Wyltshir, Cx.Hampteschire, α.; Hamptschire, β.in, α., β., and Cx.reesed, Cx.on] om. Cx.he, Cx.yfolled, β.Guttrun, α., β., and γ.hym] om. α. and γ.Adelstan, β. and Cx.to, α., β., γ., and Cx.Guttrun, Cx., ut semper.dwelle ynne, Cx.Bloman, γ.destried, β.þues, γ.tyrauntrie, β.twellyfyth, Cx.he] om. α., β., γ., and Cx.and] om. α., β., γ., and Cx.plas, γ., et infra.an Ileland, Cx.marreys, β.marreys and moores, Cx.oþer, α., β., γ., and Cx.unnethe, add. Cx.dayes, β.twy dawen erþe, γ.is] ben, Cx.veneson, Cx.Carles, β.eame, Cx.fyve, Cx.veaw dawes, γ.Joon, β.erledome, β.erldomme of Flaundrys, Cx.and] om. α., β., γ., and Cx.and] om. α., β., and Cx.yreuled, γ.fosters, α.dide, β.his wif] om. γ.Versell, Cx.leye, α.; leyn, β.; ylay, γ.; leyne, Cx.vleyschlyche, γ.heo, β., et infra.maydenhod, α., γ., and Cx.; maydenhode, β.Juwe, γ.het, α. and β.Bote Rollo . . . noble duke] om. Cx.eorld, α.; þe erle, β.; erl, γ.Silvanectus, β.Bote Rollo . . . noble duke] om. Cx.Willelmus de Pontifi|cibus, libro 2o. Also þat ȝere deyde Dunbertus bisshop [of Wynchestre, and kyng Aluredus made DunewulphusDunewolfus, Cx.hadde] om. Cx.a dude, γ,; putte, Cx.Aluredus, β. and Cx.Septon, α., β., γ., and Cx.Scheftesbury, β.monchons, β.; nonnes, Cx.releschede, β.Aluredus, α., β., γ., and Cx., and so below.bisegide, β.; besyeged, Cx.for to] til, β.horses, Cx.ayene, Cx.ageyne, Cx.overcomen, Cx.Trevisa. Est Anglond conteyneþ Norþfolk and Souþfolk: loke more þerof in þe firste book, capitulo 5o. It foloweþ in þe
rowide, β.; rouwede, γ.eorl, α.; erle, β. and Cx.disparpled, β. and Cx.; dys|parpled, γ.hemsylf, β.almes, β.; almus, γ.Inde, γ.Scheftesbury, γ.Etholgof, Cx.abbes, α., β., and Cx.; abbas, γ.Stephan, γ.
CHARLES Grossus was i-poysonedpoysened, β.Juw, γ.werþ, β.vyf, γ.leste, Cx.and, α., β., γ., and Cx.bute, γ.werride, β.distruyed, β.y-ete, α., β., and γ.luyse, β.; lues, γ.; that he was destroyed and eten with lyse, Cx.folled, β.; vollede, γ.Willelmus de Regibus, libro 2o. For reses of Normans and of Danes, seynt Martyn his body was trans|lated from Turon to Seint German his chirche at Altissiodore, and þere were meny myracles i-doo,many were there myracles done, Cx.pledide, β.; pledede, γ.leper, Cx.voul, γ., et infra.hapilich, β.haplych byvalle, γ.for to] til, β.ceesed, β.; ysessed, γ.; seeced, Cx.hom, γ.; hoome, Cx.bifil, β.non] no, β.gheste, Cx.reverauns, γ.Henricus, libro 5o. Þat ȝere come foure oostes of Danes aȝenst Aluredus, oon in Norþ|homberlond, anoþer in Est Anglond, þat conteyneþ Norþfolk and Souþfolk, þe þridde at Excetre, þe fourþeferthe, β.; vurde, γ.so, α., β., and γ.; soo, Cx.horses, β. and Cx.þre, α., β., γ., and Cx.Dusblay, Cx.Mahban, γ.Malmunyn, γ.; Malmmyn, Cx.karabum, Cx.huydes, β. and Cx.; hudes, γ.roþer, α., β., γ., and Cx.hore, γ.takel, β. and γ.; tacle, Cx.Joon, β., et infra.acursed, β.state, β.vyng, γ.Henricus, libro 5o. The Danes þat were at Chestre were bysegedbisegide, β.they, Cx.entride, β.; Hy intrede, γ.Luya, α.; Luys, β. and Cx.; of Luya, γ.vaste, γ.destruyde, β.and] or, Cx.brugge, β. and γ.þues, γ.of sorwes] sorwe, α. and γ.; sorowe, β. and Cx.pestylens, γ.papacye, Cx.þis, α. and β.Augum, Cx.Ysus] om. α., β., γ., and Cx.withsayde, Cx.op, γ.erþe, β.playne, Cx.consistorye. β.; consistory, γ.flewide, β.kytte, Cx.kut of twy vyngers, γ.empyre, Cx.Joon, β., et infra.Crystofor, Cx.withsayd, Cx.voȝt, γ.Willelmus de Regibus, libro 2o. Þis ȝere deide kyng Aluredus, and was first i-buried in þe cathe|dral chirche at Wynchestre; but for þe madnesse and ravynge of þe chanouns, þatþat, from α., β., γ., and Cx.; þei, MStaken, Cx.vram, γ.take, Cx.dude, γ.the Newe, Cx.siche, β.feyned magel, γ.holden, Cx.fol, γ.borowed, Cx.meovyng, β.vend, γ.vleet, γ.versus, Cx.Kundlych, γ.of, α. and β.Kyndly noblesse of goodness, Cx.ȝefþ, γ.þee, β.melled haddest, γ.everech, β.melled, γ.grete, Cx.Though, Cx.victor, β. and γ.; vyctor, Cx.regnyng, β.; regninge, γ.; regn|ynge, Cx.nowþe] om. Cx.verrey, β.by] be, β. and γ.
EDWARD, þe Eldere by his surname, regned after his fadervader, γ., et infra.y, α.letture, γ.hyȝer, α.; heiȝer, β.; heyȝher, γ.; hygher, Cx.worllych, γ.repayred, Cx.appayred, β.wyddur, γ.Cambers, γ.to, add. β.ȝulde, γ.stryngþe, γ.hondes, α., β., γ., and Cx.soster, γ.Edelstan, Cx.Edelstan, Cx.vurste vyf, γ.on, β. and γ.ham, γ.Sihthricus, β.; Sihthiricus, γ.; Sythyrycus, Cx.Willelmus de Regibus, libro 2o. On his þridde wif Ethelswitha he gatbygate, Cx., et infra.Ethelstan, α., β., γ., and Cx.Edburg, β; Edburge, γ.veyr, γ.Gyean, γ.; Guyan, Cx.lurne, γ.letture, γ., et infra.use, α., β., and Cx.a mad ham use þe neld, γ.; nelde, β.; nylde, Cx.Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro 2o. Of þis mayde Edburga it is i-rad þat whanne scheheo, β.y-wyte, α. and γ.; wite, β.; wytte, Cx.essay, Cx.heo schuld, β.worl, γ.leyde, Cx.þat, β.veyr juwels, γ.þat, add. β.putt, Cx.besaundes, γ.norice, β.; nors, γ.boden, Cx.he] a, γ.; heo, β.; she, Cx.heo creop, β.; crep, γ.on] om. α., β., and γ.voot, γ.kissed, β.heo, β., et infra.monchon, β.; meynchyn, γ.; nonne, Cx.never made her, Cx.hue, γ.shoes, Cx.and] from α., β., γ., and Cx.; of, MS.wasse, α; waysche, γ.priveliche before aȝen, α., β., and γ. Cx. adds: that sygnefyed mekenes.in] of, β. and Cx.Giwyseyes, β.; Guyseyes, Cx.Kirtoun, β.; Crytton, γ.; Kyrton, Cx.Dorkyngam, Cx.now] om. β. and γ.yeven, Cx.cours, α. and Cx.; cors, β. and γ.bycause of, Cx.skarste, β.twy, γ.vul, γ.yte, γ.ros, β. and γ.; or rebellyd, add. Cx.Wynburn, β. and Cx., et infra.ravesched, β.; raveste, γ.monchon, β., et infra, meynchyn, γ.; toke with hym a nonne, Cx.pursued, β.vorsouk, γ.flyȝ, β.meynchen, γ.; nonne, Cx.Ethelwulfus, Cx.yvynde, γ.Criklade, β.; Crekelad, γ.Temse, β. and γ.anon] om. Cx.vorhond, γ.distried, β.ryver Ous, α., β., and Cx.boundes, Cx.hyte, γ.vorgenderde, γ.heeste, β.neiȝ, β.twey, β. and Cx.prust, γ.touk, γ.papasye, Cx.vurde, γ., bis.vurde, γ., bis.Crystofor, Cx., et infra.dekene, β.repreved, γ.þe Vreyns, γ.gate, Cx.heelde, β.; huld, γ.of-pottyng, γ.op, γ.hed, β.vyschers vonde, γ.reverauns, γ.Caerleon, Cx.he] hit, β.; a, γ.distruyed, β.neiȝ sich, β.byfore, Cx.buyld, Cx., et infra.plas, γ., bis.Mayclus, Cx.o, seiþ þat firste þe monkes of þat place were riche in þe worlde, and of cleer religioun in God. Þat tyme Etheldredus duke of Mercia and his wif Elfleda translated þe bones of seint EdwardOswald, β. and γ.Glouceter, γ.
CONRADUS after LowysLowes, γ.Almayns, β.nouȝt] wrongly omitted in β.benesons, γ.; ne he is not en|haunced with sacryng and blessynges, Cx.þes, γ.Freyns, γ., et infra.anon, α. and β.; unto the fyrst, Cx.Totenhale, β. and Cx.Wodenysfelde, Cx.twy, γ.þowsandes of Danes, α., β., γ. and Cx.ledere] om. γ.soster, γ.noblich, β.whoche, γ.bridge, Cx.Thomworth, Cx.Sherisbury, α.; Schyresbury, β.; Chyrysbury, γ.; Shiresbury, Cx.brigge upon Sevarn] om. β., γ., and Cx.Watrisbury, Cx.heo, β., et infra.; hue, γ., et infra.Willelmus de Regibus, libro 2o. TheÞis, α., β., and Cx.; Þues, γ.myche, β.ones, add. Cx.embracyng, Cx.sich, β.; soche, γ.vleyschlych, γ.most come nedes] shold come, Cx.nede come, β.Þe see] þes, γ.now, α. and γ.; om. Cx.seylide, β.raunsede, α. and γ.Betford, Cx.ȝere] monethes, Cx.Dono, written above in a later hand in β.pot, γ., et infra.Irlond] Ytalye, Cx.and] om. α., γ., and Cx.distruyde, β.markys, β.i-translated out] om. β., γ., and Cx.fourtenth, Cx.Breghnok, β.; Brehnoc, γ.; Brechnok, Cx.renewide, β.Toucetre, β.; Touceter, γ.Wygmere, β.; Wyggemere, γ.distryed, β.y-buld, from α. and γ.; bilde, β.; made, Cx.; destroyd, MS.Temeseford, γ.oppon, γ.were slayn, β.Harry, Cx.eyȝtetene, α. and γ.feiþ of, wrongly, β.an, α., β., and γ.Willelmus de Regibus, libro 2o. Þat ȝere deide Elfleda, eiȝtene dayes tofore Iuyl,Jul, γ.; byfore Julii, Cx.heo, β.; hue, γ. bis.heo, β.; hue, γ. bis.þuder vram, γ.Wircetre, β.reparyelde, γ.chef, β. and γ.Elswyna, Cx.þues, γ.Henricus, libro 5o. O ElfledeElfled, β. and γ.myghty, Cx.mennes, β. and Cx.vyctrys of kunde, γ.þe, α., β., γ., and Cx.þee, β.wele, Cx.kunde, γ., et infra.techiþ þee, β.nothinge, Cx.kyng and quene, α.; nuȝty kyng and queen, β.; kyng and queene, γ.; kynge and quene, Cx.victoryes, α., β., γ., and Cx.Cesars, β.Cesar hys triumphes, γ.; Cesars tryumphes, Cx.myche, β.varewel, γ.hurde, γ.Thomworth, Cx.Nothyngham, Cx.lrygge, Cx.oppon, γ.twy, γ.þre] twey, Cx.ȝuld, γ.Thylwal, Cx.Mersea, Cx.Merse, α. and γ., and so con|tinually; Mersee, β.; Mersee, Cx., et infra.Mersea, Cx.Manichester, γ.be] by, β.
ATHELSTAN,Ethelstan, β. and γ.; Edelstan, Cx., et infra.at, α., β., and γ.Souþerey, β.; Southereye, γ.; Southrey, Cx.from his burþe] om. Cx.schone, γ.Alfridus. Kyng AthelstonEthelstan, γ., et infra.soster, γ.innede, γ.subgett, Cx.the, add. Cx.vyng ham, γ.Ethelstan, β., et infra.seide, α. and γ.; seyde, β.; sayde, Cx.Willelmus de Regibus, libro 2o. Also kyng Athelston maried his oþer suster to Otho þe emperour, and feng of hym horshorses, β.horses and other precious, Cx.vessal, γ.onychinus, β.sotylych, γ.; subtylly, Cx.verreylyche, γ.wawide, β.wawede huder and þuder, γ.burgede, α.; burgened, β.; borgede, γ.; bourgened, Cx.vyng, γ.uppon] in, Cx.y-stiked, β.; stykked, Cx.yren, β.; voure yrene, γ.; yron, Cx.A vyng, γ., et infra.schoke, β. and γ.Crist his owne syde, α., β., and γ.; Crystes owne syde, Cx.sente out] seynt, α., β., γ., and Cx.þat baner, β.þornene crowne, α. and γ.; þorn|nen coroun, β.; somme of the thorned crowne, Cx.Ethelstan, β.ordeynede, α., β., and Cx. ordeynde, γ.þues, γ.Marcianus. Þe sexte Leo was pope foure yere and sevene monþes. Odo is i-made bisshop of Wiltoun. Willel|mus de Pontificibus, libro 2o. FrithstanFrystan, Cx.every] as hit were eche, α.; as as it were exerech, β.; as hyt were everyche, γ.; as it were every, Cx.ȝude, γ.hawe] yerde, Cx.; hey, β.; cherche hey, γ.psalmes, β.þanne in n nyȝt] And, β.a hadde, γ.hurde, γ.þe] om. Cx.ded, β.Elphegus, β., γ., and Cx.neiȝ, β.Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro 2o. In an Aschewednesday,Axwendesday, β. and γ.; On Asshe Wonesdaye, Cx.dide, β.chargide, β.; chargede, γ. and Cx.þelke, γ.vaste, γ.wyves, α., β., and Cx.Sere, γ.leeve, β.Ich, β.ich have ypot, γ.y, β.take hir, β.; here, add. γ.; her, add. Cx.knowest not, Cx.þee, β.founden, Cx.founden ded, β.; a was yvounde ded, γ.Ethelphegus, β. and Cx.; El|phegus, γ.doon, β.before God, Cx.Ich, β., et infra.Ethelstan, β. and Cx.homlych, γ.kynrade, Cx.not] om. β. and Cx.Constantyn, α., β., γ., and Cx.of] om. α. and γ.oppon seynt Jon auter, γ.seyde, β.; hyt, γ.þat a wolde, γ.by which token, Cx.maye, Cx.kyng wiþ his, α., β., γ., and Cx.chyne, α. and β.; chynne, Cx.and of, from α., β., γ., and Cx.; of þat, MS.Willelmus de Regibus, libro 2o. He was in a tyme i-pursewed of oon Isenbardus, and axede help of þe lordes of his lond, and þey ȝaf hym non answere; þanne HuweHuge, β., et infra; Hughe, Cx.erle Robertes, β.wylfolliche, γ.vyȝte, γ.þerfore, α., β., γ., and Cx.sone ater, Cx.febel, γ.Hugh, Cx., et infra.eyr, β.barayn, γ.Henry, β. and γ.; Harry, Cx.Duches men] Almayn, γ.; Duchemen, Cx.or] er, β.; ar, γ.yserved, β.; er they were all servyd, Cx.sawe, Cx.audiens, γ.þru, γ.almest, γ.bade, β.; hyte, γ.lif, β.Irlond, from β.; Engelond, MS.Sihtricus, β.; Sithricus, γ.incitynge, α. and γ.; excityng, β.; exytynge, Cx.entride, β.Ethelstan, β.; Edelstan, Cx.Brymford, Cx.Willelmus de Regibus, libro 2o. Whanne þe hostes were i-gadred Anlaf by þouȝte hym of a queynt gyle, and took an harpe on honde, and come into Ethelstan his tentetenth, Cx.harpur hys lych, γ.; in harper's arraye, Cx.saudeor, γ.; soudyour, Cx.noo rather, Cx.ich, γ.ych, γ.ich, β. bis.had broken, Cx.wost, γ.ich, β. bis.hyde, γ.and] om. Cx.remeove, β.þat plas, γ.he] a, γ.may, Cx.remeoved, β.vul, γ., bis.scabarge, γ., bis.; forth of his skaberd, Cx.Aldelm. β.fallen, β.; avalle, γ.scaberd, Cx.ȝit] om. α., β., γ., and Cx.fangeþ, β.; vangeþ, γ.But] om. α., β., γ., and Cx.was thenne holpen, Cx.dawyng, β.dawynge and al day on the morow, Cx.neiȝ, β.chasted, β.; chastede, γ.ruþeren, β.; roþern, γ.; heede of neetede, Cx.a man] om. Cx.fol, γ.bischoon, β.þo byschon ure derke so bryȝte, γ.paþ, from α. and Cx.; paþe, β.; path, γ.; pray, MS.chyldern, γ.; chylde, Cx.
WHANNEThanne, α., β., and γ.was dede] om. β. and γ.Than Athelstan's brother Ed|mundus biganne, Cx.an] om. Cx.pesybel, γ.Willelmus de Regibus, libro 2o. In þis Edmond his tyme þe Norþhombres becomebicome, β.Reynald, β.Gurmundus, Cx.lordschip, β.beet, β.Malcolm, γ.side] plas, γ.; place, β. and Cx.abbes, β.þo] om. Cx.Pulkirchirche, β., et infra; Pulkyrchirche, γ., et infra.Willelmus de Regibus, libro 2o, seiþ þat þe kyng was at þeoon, β.þef, γ., et infra.lup, γ.; lepte, Cx.here, γ.gloten, γ.; gloton, Cx.cry, α. and γ.; crye, β. and Cx.hacked, β.gylfollich, γ.; Cx. puts be slayn gylefully after Longa Spata.and took] bis in MS.heelde, β.; hulde, γ.; helde, Cx.for to] til, β.spoke, α.; spake, β. spak, Cx.gurd, β. and γ.; gyrde, Cx.duyk, γ.greet and, α., β., and Cx.; grete and, γ.he gate, β.; he bygate, Cx.vyf, γ.twy, γ.by, α., β., γ., and Cx.ef, γ.aloon, β.vond, γ.lye, β.; lye there, Cx.vorȝate, γ.in, β.vorhed, γ.þome, γ.in twey, Cx.by, β.vorȝete, γ.vette, γ.waych, γ.; a watche, Cx.It happeth, Cx.brugge, γ., et infra.y-stoffed, α., β., and γ.; drowned, Cx.vend, γ.potte, γ.Rychardes, Cx.Richardes doom, β.ȝude, γ.; went, Cx.doon, β.flyȝ, β. and γ.; fledde, Cx.on the morowe, Cx.erliche] om. Cx.vond, γ.weet, β.dishonest lif substituted; hourdom, γ.; dishonest lyf, Cx.myche, β.bottoks, γ.heo, β., et infra; hue, γ., et infra.before done, Cx.likiþ, β.waxe, Cx.cheeste, β.; chyste, Cx.vullede hyt vol, γ.evereche, β.Vryday, γ.Henricus. Edmond kyng of Engelond took and wan out of þe Dane hondes, þat were paynyms, fyve noble citees, Lyncolne, Snot|yngham, þat isnow.toke to hem, Cx.lyȝe, α. and β.; lyȝt, γ.and caused these cytees to be of ryght byleve, Cx.fulled, β.; yvolled, γ.conseil, β.Glastonburi, γ.Pulcrecherche, α.; Pulkir|chirche, β.; Pulkerchirche, Cx.
ODREDUSEdredus, β. and Cx.ȝet, α.bute, γ.rebelles, Cx.dradde, β.dradde ham, γ.Albericus, α., β., and γ.; Al|berycus, Cx.to] add. Cx.swerye, γ.Octovianus, γ.hy dude, γ.clepide, β.heelde, β.openly, Cx.wrote, Cx.made kutte] kytt, Cx.; kitte, β.he] a, γ., quater.deposed, Cx.Benett was made pope, Cx.bisegide, β.for to] til, β.til they yelde, Cx.chyldern, γ.pursued, β., bis.pursued, β., bis.William, Cx.Marcianus. Bote at þe laste, [Edredus]untruþe, β.; untrewþe, γ.; Edredus for the untruth, Cx.Rypon afuyre, β.; Rypon a vure, γ.; and brent thabbay of Rypon with fyre, Cx.hamward, β.out, α., β., γ., and Cx.dide, β.; dude, γ., et infra.destruye, γ.pleside, β.worþ, γ.bygan to be soore seke, Cx.for, α., β., and Cx.; vor, γ.schrefvader, γ.; goostly fader, Cx.spyde, γ.þey] þe, β., γ., and Cx.cam and] om. β. and Cx.vul, γ.byryed, Cx.yssue, Cx.anoynted, β.; enoynted, Cx.rial, β.; royal, Cx.wiþ] mis-, Cx.and undertook] om. Cx.; hym, add. β.toke fro hem, Cx.hurde, γ.Temse, β.to delede, α. and γ.; to deled, β.; departed, Cx.an] om. Cx.lot of] om. Cx.penauns, γ.Trevisa. Here take hede, Cristene men, of þe menynge,understandyng, Cx., et infra.habbeþ, γ.þe] þat, β.vorvaders, γ.descended, β. and Cx.þe] om. β.plas, γ.ysaved, γ. MS. has i-dampned for evere.savid ne come, Cx.þef, γ.vram, γ.galwes, β.; galues, γ., bis.þare, β.þaroppon, γ.vend hys, γ.in] to, Cx.þouȝ, β.Willelmus de Regibus, libro 2o. And as þe same lond bereþ evel herbes and good, asand, α., γ., and Cx.netel, β. and γ.; netylle, Cx.
EDGAR ȝongȝung, γ.ȝere, β., ȝer, γ.ham, β. and γ.Athamannes, β.Athamannes cyte, Cx.fiftenþe, β.; vyfteþe, γ.anoynted, β.; enoynted, Cx.Glastonbury, γ., et infra.Wircetre, β.; Wyrcetre, Cx.oned, β.; connexyd, Cx.to deled] divided, β.; devyded, Cx.but, add. Cx.wicked, β.; wykked, Cx.sober, γ.reparailed, β.amended, β.; amendede, γ.plas he dude, γ.oþer] om. α., β., and Cx.Trevisa. In þat, save reverensreverence, β. and Cx.; reve|rauns, γ.ynowȝ, β.volweþ, γ.whoche, γ.Glastenbury, β. and Cx.Hyda, β. and γ.bifil, β.; byvul, γ.dide, β.; dude, γ.put in monkes instede, Cx.monkes, α.kere, γ.spende, γ.plas, γ.dede] om. β. and Cx.dude vykers, γ.fol, γ.warnynge of] om. Cx.provendes, Cx.þues, γ.clerkes, β. and Cx.vorseyd, γ.þese, β.and now . . . hem nedede (page 467)] om. β., γ., and Cx.o. libro in þe 26 capitulo, by Ierom, seþþe holy cherche encresede in possessiouns hit haþ decresed in vertues. Þerfore seculer lordes schulde take awey the superfluyte of here possessiouns, and ȝeve it to hem þat nedeþ, or elles whan þey knowen þat, þey beeþ cause and mayn|tenours of here evel dedes, seþþe þey helpeþ nouȝt to amende hit while it is in hir power, what evere covetous preostes seyn.
þritteþe, α.; xiii., Cx.pot, γ.awey] out, Cx.brouȝt] put, Cx.þare, γ.Willelmus ubi supra. In his tyme was noon þeof i-take,þef ytake, γ.distruye, β.; destruye, γ.beestis, β.to bere, β.þese, α.; þys, γ.; this, Cx.founden, β. and Cx.; yvound, γ.Item Willelmus. ÞeighÞouȝ, β.vyȝte, γ.þere] from β.; where, Cx.; þre, MS.þare jangulers, γ.Kynadus, Cx., et infra.mynystral hurde, γ.fore] om. Cx.; vore, γ.vore, γ.he aros, β.bote aros vram, γ.ver, γ.kiþe, β.; kuþe, γ.assaye] from β.; stryngþe and assaye, γ.; essay, Cx.; assaile, MS.al] om. γ. and Cx.here aloon, β.voul, γ.myche, β.vyȝte, γ.abasshyd, Cx.gaddre, γ.seyle, β.cuntray (quater), β.est] from α., β., γ., and Cx.; west, MS.west] from α., β., γ., and Cx.; est, MS.see] þe, β.; se, γ.espye for the theves, Cx.for . . . and] om. α. and β.cruwel, β. and γ.trespaside aȝenus, β.profithabel, γ.wel] ryght, Cx.kunde, γ.knowen, β.pryjudice, Cx.amtyng, β.worl in amtynge of coppes, γ.coppes, γ., bis.merked, β.Willelmus de Regibus et Pontificibus, libro 2o. Þan þis Edgar on his wif Egelfleda, þe white by hir surname,surname] om. Cx.gate, β.; bygate, Cx.Edward, add. Cx.laste] om. β.verreylyche, γ.; verely, Cx.monchon, β., et infra; meyn|chyn, γ.; menchon, Cx.comyn, β. and γ.deede, Cx.unlawefollych, γ.heo toke, β.monchon, β.; nonnes, Cx.; he touk meynchene, γ.heo, β.; hue, γ.meynchen, γ.; nonne, Cx.heo, β., bis, et infra; hue, γ., bis.heo, β., bis, et infra; hue, γ., bis.vleyshliche, γ.relygyously, Cx.menchon, Cx.; hue was meyn|chen, γ.hue, γ., quater.ofte, Cx.axide, β.hue, γ., quater.Ethelword, α.hue, γ., quater.uncovenablich, β.; unkuvena|beliche, γ.; uncovenably, Cx.curtously, Cx.; fol corteys|lyche, γ.hue, γ., quater.he] om. α., β., γ., and Cx.þues, γ.; these, Cx.slyt forour, β., γ., and Cx.halewide, β.syȝ, β.þues, γ.rotye, α., β., and γ.; rotte, Cx.weope, β.þues veyre, γ.welwye, β.; wolwe, γ.; wel wydre, Cx.hit bifil, β.yvounde, γ.founden al rooted, β.i-roted and] om. γ.to pouþere, α.þat, α.heo, β.; hue, γ., and to the end of the chapter.þouȝ ich, β.; þeyȝ ich, γ.hool, β.; hol, γ.partyes, α. and γ.; parties, β.; partes, Cx.ich, γ.gulty, γ.wile, β.lovede lyte, α. and γ.; loved litel, β.; loved lytel sayntes, Cx.on] om. α., β., and γ.oppen, γ.chyldern, γ.þere present, α. and β.heo, β., et infra.schulde] wolde, β.; wold, Cx.vor, γ.dede, Cx.astoneyed, γ.vul, γ.a swowe, β.; y-swowe, γ.; in a swoun, Cx.entended, Cx.penauns, γ.
ABOUTE þat tyme deide Odo, archebisshop of Caunterbury; þis was of þe nacioun of Danes, but he dededide, β.; dude, γ.at þe laste] þe elþere, α.; þe elder, γ.kyng, add. β.Adelston, γscabarge, β. and γ.touk, γ.Trevisa. Odo was lewedlichelewidlich, β.ne, β.volweþ, γ.neiȝ, β.Wilfride, β.þues vorsede, γ.Joones, β.suspendide, β.; suspendedd, γ.þurste, γ.wistonde, β. and γ.kok, β. and γ.donghulle, γ.was a makyng, β.of þe temple] and þe temple an helynge, α.; in heliyng, β.plas, γ.tempast, γ.worl, γ.togidres, β.þe, β. and γ.Wircetre, β.in, α. and β.þat, α. and β.vondede to habbe þat se, γ.avokatis, β.; avoketes, γ.y-pot, γ.veet, γ.dispised, β.ych, γ.maugreþ þi teeþ, β.; magre þyn teþ, γ.blame, α., β., and γ.despise, α.; dispise, β.; des|pyse, γ.manace, α. and β.; manase, γ.þey, α.; he, β.vleyng, γ.fang þe pal, β.y-vrore, γ.veet, γ.y-put, β.Brihtelinus, β.charche, γ.vyng, γ.Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro primo. Donston was first abbot of
Glastenbury, β.vol, γ.busy, β.merour, γ.sugettis, β.vast, γ.seve, γ.monchon, β.; meynchen, γ.chastide, β.ham, γ.reulers, γ.bid, β.varwel, γ.feirnesse, β.; veyrnes, γ.veldes, γ.schone, γ.hurten, β.tren and oþer tren, γ.þere, MS.; ver, γ.Gaskoyne, α.; Gasquen, γ.dyvyded, β.opward, γ.brustes, γ.slup, γ.and a lyvede so to gedders, γ.at oones, β.potte, γ.gelded, β.silf, β.unlawfulich, β.; unlawefol|lyche, γ.exiled, β.eyȝteþe, α.yene, γ.Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro 2o. Whanne Asketillus, archebisshop of ȝork, was dede, seynt Oswolde, bis|shop of Worcetre,Wircetre, β., passim.vyng, γ.pupel, γ.þere, α.vorsake, γ.y-staled, γ.soche, γ.whoche, γ.frut, γ.Gaskuyn, α., and so below; in Gaskoyne, β.; Gasquyn, γ.þat hatte] om. γ.Alereul, α., β., and γ.cruwelte, β.kitte, β.pour men veet, γ.Wil|lelmus de Regibus, libro 2o. Kyng Edgar, in þe twelfþe ȝere of his kyngdom, was anoynt kyng and [y]Legio, γ.under, β. and γ. (correctly).whoche, γ.stuerhysman, γ.eny, α., β., and γ.be, add. α. β., and γ.joyful, γ.be] om. α., β., and.pompe and worschippe, α. and γ.; pomp and worschip, β.
EDGAR, emperour, flour and fairenesseveyrnes, γ.Jul, γ.and] om. γ.Perses, β.Willelmus ubi supra. At Glastyngbury,
abboy, MS.up] om. α. and β.unworschipliche, β.; unwor|schyplyche y-dyegged, γ.y-vounde, γ.intre, γ.vreysch, γ.seen droppe, β.uppon þe, α. and β.y-set oppon þe auter, γ.y-bouȝt, α.; brouȝt, β.neyke, γ.story, β. and γ.destruyed, β.Glonmorgan, β.pupel, γ.an hors nek, β.hondertyde, α.; undertyde, β. and γ.a hyt, γ.Henricus, libro 5o. Helper, punscherpunyscher, β.; Helpour, punser, γ.lawes, β. and γ.pese, γ.temples] om. α. and β.gode, β.veldes, γ.Willelmus de Regibus, libro 2o. But some men fondeþvondeþ, γ.cruwel, β.chargide, β.Elfrytha, α.; Elfritha, γDeveschyre, γ.veyr, γ.counsayl, α.; counseyl, β.; con|sayle, γ.brynge, α., β.; bringe, γ.ef, γ.veyrnes, γ., et infra.loos, β.use, β. and γ.alleyde for hym, β.; alleyde vor hym, γ.trowide, β.hem] om. β.weynche, γ.comyn, β.oon, β.; o, γ.neiȝ, β.heo, β., et infra.; hue, γ.voul, γ., et infra.hue þorste, γ.a dude, γ.kemede, β. and γ.veyr as couþe, γ.seyȝ, β.Hoorewode, β.þurȝ, β.scheft, γ.axide, β.baste, β.mykede, γ.luver, γ.slayn, β.þues, γ.bylde, β.monchons, β.; meynchens, γ.verreilich, β.slauȝt, γ.heo made slayn, β.Egelredus, α., β., and γ.Willelmus, ubi supra. To þeþis, α.cruwelnesse, β.hir, β.in a tyme by nyȝte, α. and β.Andever, β.ver, γ.saaf, β.; saf, γ.be so, α. and β.boonde, β.and] om. α. and β.dide, β.Amorowe, β.dawyng bigan, β.vondede, γ.hue hyede, γ.ich, β.ich am ywond, γ.journey, γ.myde, γ.lauȝe, β.boond, β.hou, γ.siche, β., bis.; soche, γ.siche, β.; soche, γ.Duchysch, β. and γ.Italyens, β.weren, β.gulty, γ.biheded, β.
ȝONG Edward, by help of Dunston and of oþere bisshoppes, was i-made kyng aȝenstaȝenus, β.Elfritha, β., et infra, and γ.hir, β.Þes, γ.grasce, γ.wolken, β. and γ.cometa, β. and γ.bareynesse, β.; vul baraynes, γ.favered, β.schame, from β.; wrecchesch schame, γ.; name, MS.plas, γ., et infra.as a sueþ, γ.Herfore, β.ceeside, β.þe hertes, from α. and β.; þere er, MS.rial, β.seet, α.; sate, β.heiȝ, β.y-chidde, β.; y-chyd, γ.gystes, γ.flyȝ, β.; vlyȝ, γ.myrakel, γ.silence, β.; sylens, γ.aþurst, β.; furst, γ.bigan, β.o vot, γ.slode, β.; slod, γ.to-drawe, β.voot, γ.þwert, β.Cornysgate, β.vyng, γ., et infra.seke, β.staat, αheo, β., et infra; hue, γ., et infra.no] om. β.beest, β.persoone, β.Leofmonastre, β. and γ.Willelmus ubi supra. For þis slauȝter Elfritha bulde tweie abbeyes of wommen,wymmen, α.dide, β., et infra.heer, β.vastynge, γ.vorhed and brust, γ.lyþ, β.lues, γ.ure, γ., et infra.ȝate, β.dradde, β.Ich, β. and γ., et infra.hir, β.hir, β.fas, γ.likour, α.hyte, γ.
EGELREDUS, Edgar his sone, i-gete on his secounde wif Elfritha, was i-made kyng after his secoundeelder, γ.feir, β.bisegide, β.verreilich, β.; vereylich, γ.reulede hyt, γ.voul, γ.in, add. γ.folled, β.; vullede, γ.frut, γ.hy scholleþ, γ.er, β.; ar, γ.pupel, γ.veniaunce, β.; veyngeauns, γ.hurde, γ.meoved, β.ȝollyng, γ.hue bute, γ.taperlyȝt, γ.on, β.vury, γ.beemes, β.dawyng, β.yl of Dent bysydes Kynt, γ.fier, β.; vur, γ.cyte, γ.norischide, β.maad, β.monchons, β.; meynchens, γ.Elphegus, β.ynner, β.; inner, γ.Duchesche men, α.; Duchys|men, β.; Duchysch, γ.y-clepet, γ.worl, γ.beþ versus, β.
[Þat is to menyng, "Bysshop Maguns,Maguns is written Meinse in β.Colonia, β. and γ.þues, γ., et infra.Oustryche, α. and γ,; Oust|riche, β.Marchys, γ.Botiler, β.; Botyller, γ.þues, γ., et infra.heyȝeste, γ.spousbruche, γ.er, β.he] om. α.hoote, β.; a hyt, γ.preove, α.; pruve, γ.vure, γ.widues, β.luse, γ.widue, β., et infra.vure, γ.folfelled, γ.punysche, β.; punse, γ.furst, β.; vurst, γ., et infra.whoche, γ.folle, γ.vor soche, γ.ȝet habbeþ, γ.furst, β.; vurst, γ., et infra.fourteþe, α.Willelmus ubi supra. Kyng Egelredus, for stryf þat was bytwene hym and the bisshop of Rouchestre, bysegede þe bisshop of Rochestre. Donston sendeþ to hym þat he schulde leve his woodnesse,wodnes, γ.patrone, β.plas, γ.arayed, β.heest, β.veyr, γ.y-vonge, γ.soone, β.oppon, γ.ich am alyve, β.; ych am alyve, γ.vul, γ.þat, α. and β.postels, β.þe, β.y-hurd, γ.couþe, β.goldsmyþes, β.; goldsmyth hys, γ.vast, γ.vend, γ., et infra.vure, γ.huld, γ.and . . . stille] om. β.criyng, β.fol, γ.me wus, γ.myte, γ.yre, γ.ferþe, β.fayled, β.bigunne, β.hyde, γ.pot, γ.yene, γ.stryngþe, γ.vyng, γ.hard, α.ȝitt so ceeside, β.; cessete, γ.þe] om. α., β., and γ.cheveteyns, β.myche worþe, β.þues, γ.ef, γ.ef, γ.fleo, β.; vlue, γ.drynchede, γ.Þe, β.; Ef, γ.ywete, α.wite; for wiþout, β.vorsede, γ.slyȝ, γ.vrend, γ.tristy, β.meschef, β.vast, γ.vrelyche, γ.siche, β.bynyme, β. and γ.vroward, γ.walwide, β.houres, γ.
LOTHARIUS, Lowys his sone, was kyng of West Fraunce, and deide wiþ oute children. In hym þe grete Charles his of|spring loste þe kyngdom. Som men meneþmeeneþ, β.hongelyche, γ.sones, α. and β.were, α. and β.Huge, β., et infra.instans, γ.seventeþe, βLyndisfarn, β.þuder, γ.wynter, α.grete, add. β.worlward, γ.vlyȝ, γ.loos, β.arowe, β.þar, γ.huder and þuder, γ.y-schott, β.seventeþe, β.twey, β.Willelmus de Regibus, ubi supra. Þis heet firstvurst, γ.Gerebertus, β. and γ., et infra.dubel, γ.noys, γ.abbyte, α.sutyl, γ. (where these adjectives are transposed).Þare as Cristene men habbeþ Tolet for lore, Sarsyns habbeþ Hispalis, γ.; þat Cristene men haveþ tolde it for lore Sarsyns haveþ his, MS.spase, γ.lerned, β.; lurnde, γ.kunde, γ.leeve, β.touk, γ.Agabus, MSS.reules, γ.whoche, γ.Marianus.Marianus] Trevysa, γ.whoche, γ.Marianus . . . storie] om. β.biheestis, β.gete, α., β., and γ.sleiȝþe, β.pursywede, γ.ynowȝ, β.brigge, β.hyng, γ.ne, α., β., and γ.vorþ þe vend, γ.Maximin, α. and β.; Maxmin, γ.reul, γ.Trevisa. Þe dyameter isis] of, γ.dyvided, β.Robart, β., et infra.horolegge, γ.eyr, β.; aer, γ.vulleþ, γ.drauȝtes, β. and γ.Marcianus. Of þat hap is vers i-made: "Scandit ad R. Gerebertus ab R., post papa vigens in R." Þat is, Gerebertus passeþ up to R. out of R., and is þerafter pope in his floures in R. ℞. He passeþpassed, β.Willelmus de Regibus. Favour of þe fend droofdrof, β.vond, γ.y-hud, γ.huld, γ.vynger, γ., et infra.lykpot, α.; lykepot, γ.oon, β.vynde, γ.heiȝest, β.touk hyde, γ.vul, γ.pleyyng, β.; pleyng, γ.metayl, γ.coppes, γ.wiȝt, β.ynne, α.inner plas, γ.þues, γ.Ef, γ.for to handle, αwiþstode, β.gunne, γ.groche, γ.loused and schott, β.; loused and scheet, γ.carbuncle, β.reode, β.; rued, γ.vol, γ.myche, β.op, γ.Daviþes, β.op, γ.ȝeote, β.but] om. γ.; bot, α.þat, α.er, β.ar a hadde, γ.in] om. α.Sondawes, γ., et infra.þese, α.; þues, γ.knewlechede, γ.wep fol, γ.wode, β.; wod, γ.i.e. α.) ceases for several chapters, and MS. Harl. 1900 i.e. β., (f. 248 a, three lines from bottom) varies very much from the text which is here printed. For instance, taking up the text where MS. Addit. leaves off: "he made men kitt hym self lym|mele, and þrowe out his lymmes, and seide, 'Lete hym have þe office of þe lymes þt axide homage of hem, and lete þe spirit go to God þt made hym of nouȝt. Marc'. Þanne he bade do þe stok of his body uppon a cart, and burye hit where þe bestes wolde abide, and it was so doon," &c. &c. β., γ., and Cx. also vary so much at this point from the printed text, that it has been thought better to print the text of β. in an Appendix, and collate γ. and Cx. therewith in this varying passage. For an account of the varying passage, see Introduction.Martinus. Þanne commanded he his body, þat was bote a stok, to be putte in a carte, and where so evere þe bestes rested, þere for to be buryed; þe whiche was i-doo; for why þe oxen stood stille at Seint Iohn Laterens cherche, where þat he is i-buried; wherefore also, in tokene of forgifnes folwynge, his grave also wele of the noyse of þe bones þat conteyned as of þe swetynge of þe gravestone þere is taken a forwetynge or tokenynge of þe pope sone for to deie, as þere is wreten in lettres.
HUWE Capet, þe kyng of Weste Fraunce after þat he hadde regned nyne deide, to whom com after Robert his sone, whiche he gat of þe douȝter of olde kyng Edward kyng of Engelond and he regned aboute xxxti ȝere. In whos tyme come a religious pilgrime from Ierusalem into Sicile, and he lerned of a man recluse þat in Wlcanes potte, þat breþeþ out flammes, þe soules of dede men were tormented for dyversete of trespas, þe voyces of gnastynge of whom he witnessed þat he hadde oftetyme herde, þe whiche by almes and prayers of trewe men were delyvered, and nameliche þat tyme by þe prayer of þe monkes of Cluniacensis; wherefore Odilio, þe abbot of Clunia|censis, whanne þat was knowen, ordeyned þat þe next fery after þe feste of All Halwes schulde be hadde þe memorie for dede men soules, whiche custome afterward passed forth into al þe world. Also þis Robert was ful clere in sciens and konnynge in grete festes of seyntes in som mynstre or abbeye of his reaume, ouþer syngelege syngynge.Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro 4o. Þis Ive, of þe nacioun of Perce, forsaked al þe delites of þe world, and over|ȝede þe spaces of many landes in a cherles cloþinge, wiþ þre felawes allone at þe ile of Rameseie ledde his lyf; whos grave and name, when it was long unknowen of þe dwellers in þe contray. seynt Yve hym self apperede to a symple man, schewynge his name, his place, and his degre; and he warned hym þat he schulde goo to þe abbot of Ramesey, þat he wiþ hym myȝte take up his body of þe erþe; whiche when it was done a welle heleful to al sekenes sprang out of þe grave, so þat to þis day in al Enge|londe unneþe is eny seynt more esy of prayere or more helpynge
Martinus. Þe pope Iohn satte in his popehode sex monthes. Suane kyng of Denmarch, whan he herde of þe deth of Danes done prively in þe citees of Engelond, wiþ a grete navey he ryved up at Cornwayle; wherby, by tresoun of Hewe þe eorl of Normandie, whom þe quene Emme hadde newely put byfore unto Devenschire, Suane took Excetre, and destroyed þe walles; to whom men of Westsex manfully come aȝen; but als ofte as þe hostes neyȝed nere to gidre, duke Edrik, traytour of Englisshe men, feynynge a vomet or brak|ynge, seide þat he was seek; wherfore Englisshemen twynned,
see Harl. below.see Harl. below.Henricus, libro 6o. Turkullus erle of Denmark rove up in Kent, to whom men of Caunterbury gaf þre þowsand pounde for pees, and þe Danes goynge toward þe Ile of Wight did moche robberie. Ageynes whom as ofte as þe kyng precede, þe erle Edrik counseille nouȝt to ȝeve bataille; wherfore þe Danes were made ful riche þis ȝere, and wasted almost half Engelond from Norhamptoun unto þe Ile of Wight.
ABOUTE þe feste of seynt Matheu þe Danes byseged Caunter|bury, whiche citee, þe twentiþe day of þe byseging, was taken and brent þoruȝ bytrayeng of Almarus, a deken whom seynt Elphege newly byfore andand] sic in MS. lege had.l of May; þere þey slow þe holy man wiþ stones and neten bones. Sepulcre was denyed hym unto þat a dykere in þe day after i-depped in his blood wex greved, whos body in þe day folowynge was ledde unto Londoun, and in þe chirche of Seynt Poule ful worschip|fully i-buryed. Noþeles afterward Canut þe Danes kyng grauntynge, it was brouȝt aȝene to his chirche, þe body al hool. Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro 2o. Þis Elphegus, after þe abite of monk i-taken at Durhurst, lyved like any
see Harleian text below.Henricus, libro 6o. Swane þe kyng of Danes, whanne he hadde schipped aboute Est Engelonde, entred wiþ his navey in to Humbre flood, and wente forþ by þe flood of Trente unto Geynesburgh; to whom þe men of þe contre þat dwelled at þe norþ side of Watlyng strete gefen ostage and sworen feutee. He forsoþe commaunded his navey wiþ þe ostage to Canute his sone, while he wasted þe south marche, sleynge þe males, reservynge þe females to his lust and to þe lust of his men. After he took Oxenforde and Wynchestre; but goynge to Londoun warde, whiles he souȝte no brigge, he loste meny men of his in þe flood of Temse. Neverþeles he was put out of Londoun by þe presence of kyng Egelred; but he putte Westsex in subieccioun; þat seand, þe men of Londoun sent hym ostage; þerfore þe kyng Egelrede abasshed sent Emme his wyf, wiþ his two sones, and wiþ þe bisshop of Londoun, to Richard the secounde, þe erle of Normandye, þe broþer of Emme; hym self in þe mene tyme ful wilsom at þe Ile of Wight halowede Cristemasse, þat is þe nativite of oure Lord. At þe laste utterly all þinges in dispeire, hym self schipped unto Normandie. Kyng Swane more enprided of þat unto þe encresynge of his owne dampnacioun,
Willelmus de Pontifici|bus, libro 2o. Canute his sone seynge þat, afterwarde dede more myldely wiþ seynt Edmond, for why he lete brynge abouȝte al his lond a diche, and graunted it fredome for al askynge; fro þat tyme it was custome þat þe kynges of Enge|lond sent þaire corones to seint Edmond, whiche þey bouȝte agayn for grete prys if þey wolde were þaym; þe askers of þe toll, þat were fel in oþer place of Engelond, lowely lafte þaire strifes of þis side þe diche of seynt Edmond.
SUANE þerfore [being dead,]þy deth, MS. In a few places, in these chapters where no collation is possible and the MS. reading is utterly wrong, a translation of the Latin is inserted in brackets and the reading of the MS. put in the foot note.l of May, and was i-buried in þe chirche of Seynt Poule. After whos deþ þe bisshoppes, abbotes, and gentiles of þe lond, forsaken his kynreden and progenie, knowleched at Souþhamptoun Canute for to be þaire kyng; he forsoþe swore þat he schulde be to hem trewe lorde aȝenst God and þe world. Men of Lon|doun forsoþe, wiþ a partie of gentiles, raised Edmond Yrenside into kyng, whiche also sone put underneþe Westsex, in party for drede, and in partie wilfully. In þe mene tyme Canute
Alfri|dus et Marianus. Bot þe day after Edmond had al forbroken þe Danes, but þat false wikked duke Edric schewed unto þe oost þe heved of a knyȝt þat was most like to Edmond, seienge, " Fleeþ, Englische men, loo þe heved of Edmond ȝoure lord." But Edmond þat i-knowen stood more scharply fiȝtenge evene to þe nyȝt. Canute in þe nyȝt wente to Lon|doun; Edmond, folwynge at þe bak, delyverede þe citee. Þe þridde tyme also Tempse overpassed [at] Brendford, þe Danes were overcomen, þe Danes robbynge att Otteforde in Kent, and droof hem into þe ile of Schepey. Þerfore turnynge aȝen Edmond to Westsex, Canute robbed Merscheland; for þat þing Edmond com aȝen at Aschedowne, where it was fouȝten man|fully on þe to syde and þe oþer. Duke Edrik, when he saw þe Danes to be enclyned, he bygan to take fliȝt falsely; wherfore many worþy men fill of Edmond side, wiþ þe bisshop of Lyncolne and þe abbot of Rameseye, whiche come for to praye for þe
Marianus, þat Edmond dede nouȝt þus, but þat after broþerhede and fraternite confermed atwene þe kynges as it is seide, and after þe partynge of þe reame atwene hem, Edmond deide at Londoun aboute þe feste of seynt Andrew, and i-buried at Glastyngbury with his grauntsire Edgare, whiche sekerly semeþ like sooþ, for þat þat
CANUTE of Denmark, after þe deth of Edmond made kyng allone, regned almost xix. ȝere; he devided and departed þe reame of Engelond into foure parties, assygnynge Westsex unto hym self, Est Angle to þe erle Turkylle, Merschelonde to false Edrik, Norþhumberlond to Hiricus; þerfore a counsaile i-made at Londoun, he asked of his gentilles wheþer in þat bonde of felawschippe confermed atwixe hem and Edmond, ȝif þere was made eny mencioun of successioun of breþeren and sones of Edmond after þe deth of hym; bot þey answerde ful falsely and flateryngly þat nay, supposynge for þat þat þey schulde take þe same, and be gretter enence þe kyng; over þat also þey swore þat þey schulde take þe same Canute for þaire kyng, and schulde putte out þam þat were nere to Edmond: wherfore som of þaym þoruȝ þe riȝt dome of God war slayne, and som put out of þe lond, ffor why, by þe counsaile of Edrik, þe kyng
Of, MS.Henricus, libro 6o. Þis word Adelyng is compowned in Duche and in Saxon of Adel, þat is noble, and lyng, þat is image, as it were a noble ymage; wherefore Westsex men haveþ in proverbe of hiȝe despite hynderlyng, whiche sowneþ i-cast doun fro honeste, or any ymage goynge bakward. Seynt Edward kyng aftir|ward purposed for to have made þis Edgare Adelyng heire of Engelond; bot dredynge þe wikkednes of his owne peple and þe sones of Godewyne, he chese William of Normandye. Willelmus de Regibus, libro 2o. Kyng Kanute, in þe monþe of Iule, þat he myȝte streyne þe reme of Engelond more faste
Henricus, libro 6o. Þis ȝere Canute wente unto Denmark, ledynge Englisshe men wiþ hym aȝenst þe Wandales, þat war disesy unto hym; wherfore in þe nyȝt þat went bifore þe bataile, Englische men wiþ Godwyne þaire ledere, unwetynge þe kyng, disperbled and chased þe enemyes unpurveied. For whiche cause fro þat tyme forþ þe kyng hadde Englisshemen in sovereigne worschippe, and þat same ȝere he come aȝen. Alfridus. Þis ȝere Aldelme þe bisshop of Lindisfarn Doreyn is deed, and þe see is voyde almost þre ȝere. Þere was i-made a seyne and a convocacioun aboute þe chesyng of þe bisshop, were a preost Edmond comynge, seide in game, "Why chese ȝe nouȝt me myself;" whos gaume oþere nouȝt takynge gamfully, þre dayes fastynge y-bode for þat, þay counsailled
Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro primo. Aboute þis tyme Briȝtwolde, monk of Glastyngbury, whiche was aftir|ward þe firste bisshop of Wiltoun, whiles he þouȝt in contem|placioun
Henricus, libro 6o. Aboute þese dayes a Goddes man seide byfore to Englische men þat þere was to comen and untristed a lordschipe fro Fraunce, þat schulde opresse þaym; as above in the ende of þe firste book. Willel|mus
de Regibus, libro 2o. Þis ȝere Henricus þat was called benigne, þe emperour of Almayne, deide; whom folwede Con|radus þe firste, whiche regned xv. ȝere; whiche ordeyned a lawe þat who so evere brak þe lawe of þe lond schulde lese his heved. Of þe whiche statut þe firste trespasour was þe erle
ALSO þis ȝere deide þe secounde Richard, þe fourþe duke of Normandie, to whom succedid his sone Richard þe þridde, whom afterward a ȝere of his ducherie his ȝong broþer Robert slow wiþ venym; for whiche cause þe same Robert succedynge hym, after þe sevenþe ȝere of his ducherie, havynge compunc|cioun in his herte, wente in pilgrimage to Ierusalem barefoot, and deide at Bithanye; of whom it was tolde þat in fiȝtinge he was strong, in giffynge liberal, in festynge and mete ȝevynge large. Wherfore it byfel in a festivite þat alle oþer knyȝtes offerynge at a messe, o knyght offred nouȝt; þe duke forsoþe supposynge þat he hadde nouȝt wherof he myȝte offre, co|maunded for to giff hym an hondred pounde, whiche al so sone
see Harl.Willelmus de Regibus, libro 3o. Þis Robert somtyme passynge þoruȝ Phalesiam, a citee of Normandy, he saw a mayden, Arlek by name, þe douȝter of a skynner, daunsynge in a carroll among oþer maydouns; þat nyȝt he took hir to hym, þe whiche he hilde longe tyme in stede of his wif, and on hir he gat William conquerour, whos gretnes to come bytokened þe dreeme of his moder, in whiche sche saw hir bowels spred þoruȝ Engelond and Normandye. And also in þe schedynge of þe burþe, þe ȝong childe, when he touched þe erþe, he filled boþe his hondes of poudre of þe pavement, he constreyned and helde to gidre; of þat the mydwif schewed byfore þat he schulde be a kyng. Þis mayden forsoþe Arlek, þe firste nyȝt þat sche was ledde to þe duke Robert his bedde, sche brak hire owne smok fro the chyn unto þe foot, and when sche was asked of þe duke why sche dede so, sche answerde þat it was nouȝt laweful nor curtesye þat þe lowest party of hir smok, þat hadde gone aboute hir fete, schulde be torned to his lordes mouth. Þe duke Robert þerfore goynge to Ierusalem, i-called alle his gentiles at Fiscan, and he made þaim alle for to swere truþe and feaute to William his sone, seven ȝere of age þat tyme; to whom he ordeyned child
for MS.
IOHN þe twentiþe pope satte in þe popehode after Benet ix. ȝere. Þis ȝere was Marianus of Scotland i-borne, by whos labour þis present cronycle is moche ledde. Marianus. Nor|weies forsakyng þair kyng seint Olavum for his sympelnes, brouȝte yn kyng Kanut;wickedly slayn wrongly repeated here in MS.Marianus. Þis ȝere also kyng Canute, a litel bifore his deienge, made Swane kyng uppon Norway, whiche was supposed þe sone of þe self Canute and Elgyve of Hamptoun. Som men seiþ þat Elgyve, when sche myȝte nouȝt conceyve a child of þe kyng, þat sche underput to hir self lyenge in childebedde þe forseide Swane, þat was freschely borne of a preostes womman, and wilily enclyned.
Henricus, libro 6o. Of whom are tolde prevable and famous þinges: first þat he maried his douȝter to þe emperour Conrade; þe secounde þat solempnely he visited Rome, and come aȝen bryngynge wiþ hym a grete partie of þe crosse of our Lorde; þe þridde þat he sette ones his sittynge and his chaier in þe banke of þe see, when it bygan to folowe, comaundynge þe see þat it schulde nouȝt ascende uppon his londe, or þat it schulde nouȝt wete his lordes cloþes; þe see forsoþe of þe custome of his kynde ascended and weted þe kynges legges: þe kyng forsoþe, lepynge abak, seide: "Witeþ al mortal and dedley men þat the power of kynges is vayne, ne none worþy of þe name of kyng, outtake hym to whos lawes all þinges are underloute;" and fro þat tyme and houre he bare no crowne on his heved, but sette it on þe heved of þe crucifex at Wynchestre. Canute is dede; þere was a greet stryvynge at Oxenforde for successioun of þe rewme, for why Leofricus erle of Chestre, and oþer prynces and lordes of þe norþ partie of Tempse, wiþ men of Londoun, reysed up Harold Harefoot, as it was supposed, þe sone of Canute and Elgyve of Hamptoun, ȝaf al Godwyn desired for Hardeknute. Mari|anus. Som men tolde þat þis Harold was a sowter sone, andEdsium MS.
Hardeknute comynge to Engelond, regned þre yere. Never|þeles he dede noþing þat was worþy of lovynge of fame; for why also sone he sente away Alfricus archebisshop of ȝork wiþ Godewyn bisshop of Londoun; he made þe body of
to MS.Willelmus de Regibus, libro 2o. Also þis kyng coupled to Henry emperour Gonnyld his suster, a ful faire womman i-getten of Canute and Emme, de|sired moche of many gentiles in his moder tyme, bot not i-graunted ne geten; whiche was longtyme after accused of avow|trye; sche putte hir nurri, whiche sche had brouȝt with hir out of Engelond, for to fiȝte aȝenst þe accuser, a man of ageantȝ mochilnesse, whiche þoruȝ Goddes grace, þe hamme i-kut and hoxened, overcome þe accusour. Guynuld glad for þat, and gaf to hire housbonde a perpetuel dyvorsynge and forsakynge, ne for no prayere assented to her housbonde halsynges, but took þe holy veyle. Henricus, libro 6o, et Marianus. In þe tyme of þis Hardeknute, Alfrede and Edward, þe sones of Egelrede
Willelmus de Regibus, libro 2o. He also hadde a suster a nonne, and he loved hire so moche þat unneþe any tyme wolde he suffre hir be fro his side; wherfore whiles uppon a nyght a clerk of þe court hadde i-sleped wiþ hire unto þe mornynge, and snow had covered al þe erþe, by counseil avised atwixe hem, þe clerk made hire for to bere hym on hir bak out of þe court, whiche þe kyng sawe out at a wyndowe whiles he rose for to pisse. He hilde hym stille unto þe tyme þat a bisshopriche was vacant, and þan he seide unto þe clerk þus: "Take þis bisshopriche, and loke þat over þis tyme þou ride not on a wommans bak." And eftsones an abbey of nonnes vacant, he seide to his suster, "Take þis abbay,Scitote quoniam Dominus ipse est Deus,—þat is, "Wete ȝe oure Lord hym self is God," þe preost, as it ware blamynge þe dulnes and sleuþe of his clerk, byholdynge to þe emperour, seide, Ipse fecit nos, et non ipsi nos,—þat is, "He made us, and nouȝt we oureself." Þe whiche i-seide, þe emperour i-smyten aȝen promoted hym sone into a bisshop; whiche honested with worþy maneres his place and his degre. For why he parted and dissevered a riche man þat hadde ladde away a nonne from hir,Martinus. In tyme of þis Henry, so moche scismacye was in þe chirche of Rome, þat þre men were chosen popes, for why a preost, Gracianus by name, gat þe popehode for money i-giffen; bote þogh al þis Gracianus by name profred a crowne of golde to þis Henry comynge to Rome for to cese þe cismacie, neverþeles he was convicte of symonye and deposed, and anoþer i-ordeyned and underput. Also in þe dayes of þis emperour was i-founde at Rome þe body of Pallantes, unroten and incorupt, wiþ openynge and gapynge of a wounde of foure feet and an half, his body overcomen þe heiȝt of þe wal; at his heved was a lanterne unquenchable, þat myȝt nouȝt be quenched nouþer wiþ wynde ne wiþ none moysture ne wetnes, unto þe tyme þat a litel hole y-made under þe flamme þe eyer entred in. His epithphyFilius Evandri Pallas, quem lancea Turni militismilitus, MS.occidit, more suo jacet hic;—þat is, "Pallas Evandre sone,sone] bis in MS.Willelmus de Regibus, libro 2o. I trowe þat þise vers was nouȝt made þan whenne þis geaunt was i-buryed, þouȝ alle Carment, Evandre modir, fonde first Latines lettres; bot raþer I trowe þat þey were i-made aftirward, of Ennyo or som oþer poete. And in
senowe.
GREGORIE þe sixte, first called Gracianus, after Benet, sat almost foure ȝere. Willelmus de Regibus, libro 3o. Þis man was a man of religioun and felnes, dede bataille som|tyme wiþ Henricus emperour. Also he fonde þe state of þe popehede of Rome so i-fallen doun þat outtake a fewe walled townes þat were nere to þe citee, and þe offrynges of trewe men unneþe hadde he to hym and his cardinals any þing to lyflode; al oþer were taken away of robbours, oþer elles oþere hadde possessioun, in so moche þat þe self offrynges were reft fro þe autters under naked swerdes, or elles þay were robbed in open wayes. Wherfore eche province cessed for to take Rome way, for robbours and for brigantes þat was ther armed þeves in Seynt Petres chirche self. Þis Gregorie seynge þese bygan for to do softely wiþ þaym wiþ love and wordes, but when he profite no þing, wiþ þe sentence of cursynge he cutte þaym fro þe body of holy chirche þat dide such þinges or ham þat comuned wiþ hem þat dide so. Forsoþe when þe pope sigh it
enclyned . . . cardynales] re|peated in MS. by error of scribe.of prelates] bis in MS.awe, wrongly inserted in MS.Henricus, libro 6o. Whiche was seide þat he was of so moche liberalte þat he made
Willielmus de Regibus, libro 2o. Also sone it was sent into Normandye ffor Edward to be coroned kyng, hostage i-giffen, so ferforþ þat he brynge wiþ hym but fewe Normandyes. Þan helped the partie of Edward Leofric erle of Chestre, Godwyn duke of Westsex, and Lev|ynge, bisshop of Worcester. ℞. Neverþeles Marianus telleþ þat Hardeknute sent first for Edward his broþer, þat he schulde make hym abide wiþ hym in his contree. Willielmus de Regibus et Marianus.
EDWARD þerfore comynge to Engelonde was corowned kyng at Westmynster of Edsye, archebisshop of Canturbury, and he regned almost foure and twenty ȝere. This kyng forsoþe wedded Edithe, Edwynus douȝter, whiche he treted wiþ suche craft, þat nouþer he removed hir fro his bed, ne he knewe her nouȝt on womanis manere, whiche wheþer he dede for hatre|den of hir kynrede or for love of chastite I have nouȝt certayn proved. Neverþeles þis is seide most comounly, þat þe kyng lyved evermore wiþoute touchynge of woman: his owne moder
Ma|rianus. Elfworde bisshop of Londoun, and somtyme abbot of Evesham, for he sufficed not inow for overmoche seeknes of his body unto so moche governaunce, wolde have bene president at Evesham, but þe breþer of þe place denyenge þat, godes and bookes þat oþer he or his predecessours hadde giffen
Marianus. Kyng Edward gedred a strong navey at Sand|wiche haven, in wil for to fiȝte aȝenst Harold Harfage, kyng of Norwaye, but þe batailewas here inserted in MS.Marianus. A greet snowswow, MS.Marianus. Þis ȝere pope Leo, and Svane kyng of Denmark, went wiþ Henry emperour ageyns Baldewyne erle of Flaundres; and Edward kyng of Engelond keped þe see wiþ his navey unto þe tyme þe empe|rour hadde geten his wille. Also þis pope Leo þe nynþe havynge remorse of conscience þat he was somwhat put yn by þe empe|roure lefte the popehede but eft sones was he chosen truly. Also þis ȝere Irische men were robbours on þe see, and entred into þe see of Severne, and wiþ the help of Gryffyn, kyng of
Marianus.
KYNG Edward discharged Englische men of þe grevous tribute þat Egelrede his fader made for to be paide to þe Dan|ysche soudeours, and it hadde endured þanne fourty ȝere. Þis ȝere Edsy, þe archebisshop of Dovore, deide. Kyng Edward ȝaf þe archebisshopriche to Robert his familier, whom he made somtyme bisshop of Londoun. After þis, in þe monþe of Sep|tembre, Eustache þe erle of Bonone, whiche hadde wedded Godan, kyng Edward his suster, rove up at Dovere, whos
Willelmus de Regibus, libro 2o, et Marianus. At þe laste þere i-made a greet fiȝtynge, þe men of þe citee slowȝ twenty men of þe companye of þe erles, oþer wiþoute noumbre i-wounded, þe erle hym self wiþ anoþer felawe unneþe eschapyngeWillelmus de Pontificibus, libro 1o, et Marianus. Þis ȝere were accorded wiþ kyng Edward God|wyne and al his children, out take Suane his firste sone, whiche i-led by repentaunce for þe deþ of Beorn his suster son,som, MS.Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro 2o. Þan was it openly songen in þe hiȝe weies þat he was not ableMarianus. In þese dayes a famous clerk, Barbosus, was at Irland, and a man of wonderful religioun, so moche þat he helde a greet scole of clerkes and lewed men and maydons; but, for he schare þe maydens in manere of his scolers, he was put out of Irlond. Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro 2o. Aboute þese dayes deide seynt Alfwold, þe laste bisshop of Schirborne, whiche of a monk of Wynchestre was made bisshop. Among þe grete festes þat þan were holden and customed in Engelond fro þe comynge of þe Danes, he usede breed and water; a man þat was devoute
VICTOR þe secounde, after Leon, satte in þe popehede two ȝere and þre monþes, whiche, a seyne and a convocacioun made at Florence of Italie, deposed many bisshoppes for symony and fornicacioun. Marianus. Þis ȝere þe noble duke Siward of Norþhumberland, by þe comaundement of kyng Edward, with an ooste of horsmen and wiþ a navey, al to-brak and defouled Scotland; he droof out þe kyng, and ordeyned Malcolne, þe
Item Marianus. Þis ȝere kyng Edward outlawed Algare Leofric sone wiþoute any gilt or blame, whiche also sone boden and profred and associed to Griffen kyng of Wales, þai wasted Herfordschire, þey took Herford, and brent þe mynster, and slowȝ vij. chanouns. Bot erle Harald sewid þaym fleynge, and stored Herford, and closid it with kesting up of a diche; but he pesid þaym þat were out|lawed
Item Marianus. Also þis ȝere Siward, þe noble duke of Norþhumberlond, deide at ȝork of þe flux in his wombe, and was buried in þe abbay of Gal|manho, þe whiche he made hymself; and neverþeles bifore þat he deide-he made hym self to be armed, and sittynge upriȝt, seide: "Þus it seemeþ a knyȝt for [to] die, nouȝt for to be en febled as an oxlyvynge." But for his sone Waltef was a litel child lieng in cradel, his erldome was giffen to Tosty, Harold broþer, whiche was þere almost ten ȝere. Item, Marianus et Willelmus. Þis ȝere Herman of Flaundres, somtyme kyng Edward chapeleyne, bot þan bisshop of Wiltoun or of Ramis|bury, i-noyed of angwisch, askid of þe kyng, and almost had geten graunt, þat he myȝte ordeyne and sette his see or þe abbay of Malmesbury. Bote þe gentiles of þe reame nouȝt willynge þat, Herman i-greved lefte his bisshopriche, and wente over þe see, and at Seint Bertyne toke þe abite of monk, and so lyved he þre ȝere, Aldred þe bisshop of Worcestre in þe mene tyme mynistrynge his bisshopriche; bot as it is i-doone ofte tyme in suche men, þe sodeyn hastynes of religioun bygynnynge to wex colde, Herman after þre ȝere come ageyn to Engelond. It irked and weried a man þat was wont to service, þat was norsched with delices, for to wante his sustenynge þat he hadde felt and knowe fro his ȝouþe. And over þat a good tiding
Willelmus de Regibus. Þis ȝere Harold and Tosty playenge to gidre byfore þe kyng sittynge at a feste, Harold drouȝ his broþer by þe heer more bitterly þan þe play asked, and keste hym to the grounde; and, but if he hadde bene sonner refte out of his handes, he hadde strangled hym. Whiche þing i-sene, þe kyng schewed to þaym þat satte beside hym þat þere schulde come greet discord atwixe þese two breþeren, and þat þe oon schulde slee þat oþer. Forsoþe þe erle Godwyne had his first wif of kyng Canute, of þe whiche he gat a sone, whom an hors wantounly dryven and stired drowned in Tempse: þe modir forsoþe persched with þe strook of þe thunder lyȝtnynge, and no wonder, forþy þat sche putte to the bordel faire may|dons for hir riches. Aftir whos deth Godwyn wedded anoþer wif, of þe whiche he took sixe sones, þat is Swane, Harold, Tosty, Wilnot, and Gurth, and Leofric, of whos ende and passing forþ it is expressid in þinges þat gooþ bifore and þinges
Willelmus de Regibus, libro 2o. Aboute þis tyme a womman in Berkelay, þat was wont and customed to evel craftes, as sche satte at hir mete at a feeste, a chowȝe þat sche hadde nursched delicatly, chatered more lowde þan it was wonte, þe whiche i-herde þe knyf fell out of þe womman's hond, hir visage wex pale, and sorowyng, and mournynge i|brouȝt forþ wiþ siȝhynge, "Now to day," quod sche, "my plowȝ is comen to þe laste sorwe;" whiche i-seide, a mes|sanger entrynge in tolde hir of þe deeþ of hir sone and perischynge of al hir meyny, of dounfallynge of hire hous. Also sone þe womman lay doun seke, and callede here hir childre þat were on lyve, a monk and a nonne, whiche comynge yn sche spak to hem þus: "I folwer of evel craft and of wikked lif trowed vaynly for to be defended and helped by ȝoure prayers, neverþeles I pray ȝow now þat ȝe allegge my tour|mentes, for of my soule is sentence i-brouȝt forþ; peraventure ȝe schal kepe my body if it be sewed in a hertes skyn, þe whiche ȝe leie wide open in a grave of stoon; þe coveryng stoon i-glewed wiþ lede and iron, constreyne it and fastne it wiþ þre cheynes of iren, and þat ȝe have psalmystres or saienge of psalmes of þe psawtre fourty nyȝtes, and dooþ also many masses by day; þat ȝif I leie so þre nyȝtes, þe fourþe day berieþ my body in þe erþe." Bot al for nouȝt, for why, þe two firste nyȝtes þe psalmes sownand, þe doores
boy, MS.
HENRY þe þridde, þe sone of Henry þe secounde, regned at Almayne and Duchelond as it were fifty ȝere. He þis somtyme destorubled holy chirche agayns pope Hildebrand, willynge if he myȝte putþat, MS.Marianus. Also þis ȝere loveable erle Leofric, sone of Leofwyn duke of Merschlond, deide þe secounde kalends of Octobre at his towne of Bromle, and i-buried at Coventre in þe abbey þat hym self made; þe whiche somtyme, by þe counseil of GodwyneWillelmus de Regibus. A citeseyne of þe citee of Rome, ȝong of age, Lucian by name, riche of money, hiȝe of kyn, wedded a noble wif, for whiche cause, his felawes called þerto, he made a feeste. After mete þey wente into þe feeld by cause for to uncharge þaire stomakes. Þe spouse hym self forsoþe, for he schulde use hym wiþ a bal, he putte his wedding ryng uppon þe fynger of an ymage þat was nere beside. But at þe laste, his bowels beynge warm for play, he wiþ drow hym self first out of þe play; but, þinkynge to take his ryng aȝen, he fand þe fynger of þe ymage wiþ þe ryng croked into þe palme of þe hond; and when he hadde stryven and wrastled þere longe, and anoþer myȝt pull awey in þe mene tyme, þe þing hid to his felawes, or þat þey schulde nouȝt scorne hym while he was present, ouþer þat þei schulde nouȝt aliene ne deceyve hym of þe ryng when he was absent; at þe laste in þe blake nyȝt, hymself with his servauntes comynge agayne, he wondred þat þe fynger was strecched out, and þe ryng taken away: and whanne he wolde dressedressed, MS.Þe ȝong man] bis in MS.Marianus. Alredus bisshop of Worcestre made seynt Wulstan priour of Worcetre by leve of þe kyng, and ȝaf the bisshopriche of Wiltoun to Herman þat was i-come aȝen from byȝonde þeþe] om. α.þe] om. α.Paternus, α.Trevisa. In þat doynge Pater|nusPatronus, Cx. et infra.lewide, β.circumstauns, α.truwþe, γ.and] om. γ.marbul, β.girlound, α., bis; garlaund, γ.Maii, β., and Cx. et infra.what it meaned, Cx.touk hyde, γ.lyngþe, γ.hit, α. and β.; hyt, γ.; om. Cx.Willelmus de Regibus.
WHANNE Benet was i-put out, þe secounde NicholNicol, β.; Nycolaus, Cx.Toreyn, Cx.oyst, β. and γ.Christis, β.Versel, Cx.whoche, γ.withsayde, Cx.a, Ego Berengarius. But after þe pope his deeþ, his heresie gan eft to spring. Þanne Hiltebrandus þe pope determyned and ȝaf þe dome aȝenst his fautoures;fauctours, Cx.proufyte, Cx., omitting in spe|kynge.huld, γ.almusdede, γ.foydede, α.versus, β. and Cx.
And þanne þus:
Loo here me may see how þe noble bisshop passeþ in þe manere of praysinge, but þe rethorike wiþ his faireveyr, γ., et infra.brekeþ . . . speche] bis in MS.reden, β.; reede, Cx.Sich, β.apeyre, α.; peyr, Cx.by] om. β. and Cx. (not α).it, add. Cx.folewe, β.; vend volve, γ.eyr, β.; aer, γ.twellifth, Cx.munde, γ.wrechches, γ.apeyred, α.ȝung, γ.wole, β.oþer, α. and β.by, α.while . . . lore] bis in MS.Bete, α.hamward, β. and γ.and awelde, β. and γ.allegged, β.; ailedged, Cx.cors, γ.þueues, γ.; þeeves, Cx.Aldredus, α. and β.catayll] from Cx.; castel, MS. and α.; catel, β. and γ.of] from α., β., γ., and Cx.; fonge, MS.vonge, γ.Herald, Cx.commaundement, Cx.veaw, γ.Ruthlan, Cx.afuyre, α; a vure, γ.Walyschmen, γ.þe erle, β. and γ.; therle, Cx.Henricus, libro 7o. Þis ȝere Harald wente toward Normandie to speke wiþ his broþer Wilmotus,Wilynotus, β.; Wilinotus, γ., bis; Wylynotus, Cx., et infra.Pountyf, Cx.þat] er, β. and Cx.; ar, γ.a scholde, γ., bis.a scholde, γ., bis.nevew, α.Wylynotus, α., and it may be that it is Wilinotus in MS. et supra.yet while, Cx.Henricus, ubi supra. Also þis ȝere, in kyng Edwardes court at Wynde|sore, Tostius was agreeved and was wrooþe, and wente þennes to Herford, þere Harald had arayed a feste for þe kyng. Þere Tostius hakkedto hakkede, γ.sosede, γ.; souced, Cx.ferme, α.; feste, β. and Cx.vle, γ.Willelmus de Regibus. Bote þe kyng herde þerof, and sente Harald to take wrech of þe wrong þat was of his
vreliche, γ., bis.cruwelnes, β.ylurned, γ.they, α.wysedome, Cx.hyde, γ.þarevore, γ.
KYNG Edward sat at þe mete at WestmynstreWestmonaster, γ.bisilich, β.vul, γ.yte, γ.laugh, Cx.Selio, γ.Ephesum, β. and γ.hy scholleþ, γ.mankunde, γ.menaceth, Cx.seve, γ.weren, β. and Cx.sent vorþ messagers, γ.Nicetis, α.vorþer, γ.Ephesie, β.arysen, Cx.þereafter, α.dawes, γ., et infra.worle, γ.deol, β.; duel, γ.; doole, Cx.dredfol, γ.þat] thou, Cx.lettre, α.; lettere, γ.vondede vor to vle, γ.whynges, γ. and Cx.note, β.vyþerded, γ.an hye toure, Cx.vlyȝ, γ.; flough, Cx.fil, β.þyȝes, α.; thyes, Cx.Childermas, Cx.halewide, β.wurþ syk, γ.sayden, Cx.dukes] erased in α.children or] om. α.devel hys, γ.vendes, γ.hurle, β., γ., and Cx.þues, γ.truste, Cx.grene, β. and γ.vram, γ.temene, α. and γ.burgeþ . . . stok] om. Cx.tho, add. Cx.dodede, γ.seiþ and] om. α., β., γ., and Cx.adoun, α., β., and γ.; in subjec|tion, Cx.Westmonaster, γ.twellyfth, Cx.Willelmus de Regibus, ubi supra. Anon Harald occupied þe kyngdom, and hildehuld, γ.men] om. β., γ., and Cx.entended, Cx.whoche, γ.unsuffisaunt, β.pors, γ.and . . . monþes] om. α.Item Maria|nus. Þis was i-sacred of AluredusAldredus, α.anon] om. Cx.ryȝtfol, γ.punyse, γ.hurde, γ.þan he wakened] þat he wa kyng, α., β., γ., and Cx., but γ omits þerof and.syxty, β., γ., and Cx.yl, γ.Morkar, from α., β., γ., and Cx.; Mokar, MS.Harfage, α., β., γ., and Cx.Morkar, from α., β., γ., and Cx.; Mokar, MS.yvoȝte, γ.vyfty, γ.-brugge, β.; -brugh, γ.; -brydge, Cx.hard, α., γ., and Cx.swerye, γ.brugge, γ.Stemesfordbrugg, α. and γ.fuynede, γ.under] þurȝ, β.; þorouȝ, γ.stikide, β.his, α. and Cx.; hys, γ.prout, γ.comente, γ.; comonte, Cx.Willelmus de Regibus, libro secundo.
WHANNE Harald was i-set up in þe kyngdom, and þouȝt not on þe covenantes þat were i-made bytwene hym and William, he hildehuld, γ.deschargide, β.medled manassis, β.; medled menaces, Cx.menne, γ.comune, Cx.lewide, β.nedfol, γ.arayed . . . neded, Cx.gate, Cx.purchased, Cx.þues, γ.axide and chalangide, β.yprocred, γ.a scholde, γ.chyldern, γ.volvulle, γ.byheste, β.; commaundement, Cx.Henricus, libro 6o. Þe lordes of Normandie counsailledecounsailde, α.silf, β,; hamsylf, γ.steernesse, α.; stiernesse, Cx.sturnnes and cruwelnes, γ.her, β.onswere, α.þes, γ.sygge, γ.Willielmus de Regibus, libro 3o. Whanne duke William and his men were longe i-taried in Seynt ValerikWaleryes, Cx.pupel, γ.grucchide, β.menne, γ.brynge, α. and Cx.Waleryus, Cx.vulde, γ.seilles, α.plas, γ.Peveneseye, γ.slode, β. and Cx.; a slod, γ.o voot, γ.soond, β.neulich, γ.þingis, β.þe] om. α., γ., and Cx.hurde, γ.wel, α. and Cx.hyede wel vast, γ.veaw, γ.þeyȝ, α. and γ.; þouȝ, β.; though, Cx.part of þe] om. Cx.þe] om. α. and Cx.þese, α. and Cx.þese, α. and Cx.ladde, α.; ledde, Cx.vedde, γ.boþe] þe, γ.the chekes, Cx.þe, α. and γ.to] om. Cx.yschedde, β.stalword, γ; strong, Cx.swoor, α.habbeþ, γ.freliche . . . kyngdom] om. α., γ., and Cx.undyr, γ.to gidre] om. α. and β.erles, γ.and Syward] om. Cx.dynt, α. and Cx.plas, γ.enformed, α., β., γ., and Cx.drynke and woke al nyȝt, γ.and wook alnyȝt, α.nadde, α., β. and γ.; ne had be that, Cx.veet, γ.schrof, β. and γ.; shrofe, Cx.whynges, γ.hym] his men, β. and Cx. .; hys men, γ.haberioun, α. and β.; haburion, γ.; haberion, Cx.Henricus. Bote orar, γ.scheltrons, α. and β.; er that the shiltrons, Cx.syde, α.banyour, α., β., γ., and Cx.dude, γ.Roulandes, β.; Roland, γ.eveson, γ.pursywe, γ.þe] om. α.outrayed] were out of aray, α., γ., and Cx.smyten, Cx.on ye, γ.on þe breyn and vul, γ.þat] om. Cx.were, α., γ., and Cx.myde, γ.heo, β.; hue, γ.ye, γ.; lyft eye, Cx.arewe, γ.vaste, γ.commune, Cx.and MS.o in þe ende, þerehe] add. β.worþy, α. and Cx.hamsylf, γ.vereylich, γ.hy, γ.here, α. and γ.Aldredus, α. and Cx.byhyte, γ.folvullede, γ.þues, γ.surte, γ.
WHANThanne, α. and β.Westmonaster, γ.on] in, β.Willelmus de Pontificibus. But þe nexte LenteLeynte, α. and β.Morkarus, α.Adelyng, α. and β.; Adelynge, γ.þei] though, Cx.menynge, α. and γ.; menyng, β.; mening, Cx.absens, γ.dide, β.yhud, γ.deposed and set a doun, Cx.bysyliche, γ.kouþe, α.; couþe, β.wille and] om. α. and γ.hilde, α.; huld, γ.Alfridus. Here after aȝenst wynter kyng William cam into Engelond,
pot, γ.bisegide, β.contas, α.vorsouk, γ.Willelmus de Regibus, libro 3o. In þis seege þe towne wal filvul, γ.cyteseyns, Cx.dude, γ.þe] hys, γ.voul, γ.cruwelnes, γ.Margreet, α.; Margret, β., et infra.seylide, β.Malcolin, γ.sosters, γ.drof, γ.Malcolyn, Cx.soster Margrete, γ.gat] om. α.Mold, α., β., and Cx., et infra.ham, γ.emperyce, Cx.Bonon, γ.hatte, α.Mold, γ., et supra.Denmarch, β.hymself, Cx.so soory, Cx.houses, Cx.soubarbes, α.; subarbes, γ.lyȝe, γ.; lyght, Cx.lyȝe aros to heyȝ, β.monaster, γ.; mynster, Cx.doon, β.citee is here wrongly inserted in MS.citeseyns, mo þan þre þowsand of, γ.distruyede, β.hondes fleysch, γ.; houndes flessh, Cx.liþ, β.tylyer, γ.tilies and wonyer, α.; tylier and wonyer, β.; tylyer and wonyer, Cx.bacward, β.boond, β., et infra.reverence, Cx.sarche, γ.money, β., γ., and Cx.Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro primo. Sone þer|after
eotas, β.; eoytaues, γ.Ester, α., β., and Cx.twy, γ.vurste, γ.on] a, γ.þe þridde] om. Cx.frenschip, β.; vrendschip, γ.smetheliche, α.; smeþelich, β.; smeþelyche, γ.; swetely, Cx.kundelych, γ.halewen, β.lytel, γ.eorþe, α.procryng, γ.trowide, β.dude, γ.siker, β.; syker, γ.; seker, Cx.axesede, α.hit, α.and a falle, β.; valle, γ.dome, γ.se, β.Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro 3o. ÞisÞis . . . cherche] om. Cx.Þis . . . cherche] om. Cx.Willelmus de Pontificibus. Here after þe kyng hadde Lanfrank, abbot of Cadomens,Codomenence, Cx.of syngler, Cx.letture, γ.þingis, β.ur, γ.Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro primo. Thomas þat was i-chose archebisshop of ȝork cam to Lanfrank [for to be i-sacred as þe usage wolde. Lanfranc]and is here wrongly inserted in MS.hurde, γ.and, α., β., γ., and Cx.byndinge, α. and β.; byndyng, Cx.prute, γ.nuwe, γ.dysclarede, γ.nouȝt ȝit, α. and β.trowide, β.habbe, γ.comynge aȝen] connynge, α.; kunnyng, β. and γ.his connynge than in, Cx.feyþ, β.; feyth, Cx.radde, β. and γ.byhyȝte, γ.to] om. Cx.feiþ, β.; feyth, Cx.fyng, α.; vynge, γ.
THE eorleserles, β. and γ.and] om. Cx.Markar, Cx., et infra.for] om. Cx.vor hyt, γ.of hys men in þe weye, γ.Egelwyn, α., β., and Cx.; Egel|win, γ.Ely, β.stopped the outgoyng, β.; þe out goynge, γ.; stopped the oute goyng, Cx.þanne hy were aferd þat were, γ.; they were aferd that were, Cx.þei were aferde that were closed wiþ ynne, γ.ȝolde, γ.Abendon, γ.Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro 3o. Walkerus of Lotharynge was bisshop after hym.And] add. Cx.Edward hys wyf, γ.sawe, Cx., et infra.habbeþ veyr, γ.coniecturyng, β. and γ. conjec|turynge, Cx.heo, β.; hue, γ.by valle, γ.; byfall, Cx.heo, β.; huo, γ.whytely of heer, rody of face, Cx.heet, α.; heer, β.; here, γ.rody of face, β. and γ.Willelmus
de Pontificibus, libro 4o. Þis ȝere deide Walter bisshop of Herford; of hym ithyt, γ.shipster, Cx.heo, β.; hue, γ.wist, β., et infra.nouȝt . . . hadde] bis in MS.þeyȝ, α.þeiȝ hue hadde ywuste hue wolde have, γ.in caas thouȝ heo had wist heo wold have sett litel þerby, β.for reverence, β.; vor reverens. Bote, γ.state, β. and Cx.heo, β.; hue, γ.bischops chambre in caas, β.chamberleyn, α. an Cx.chamburleynes, β.; chamber|lens, γ.wyst, Cx.byschop hys, γ.at laste, γ.in] om. β. and Cx.heo, β.; hue, γ.Robert Lotharyngus, α., β., and Cx.; Robert Lotharingus, γ.kunnyng, β.; kunnynge, γ.sciences, β.couþe, β. and γ.in Abacus, β., γ., and Cx.Magounce, Cx.vurste, γ.Exyguus, Cx.Exiguus discord, β.aȝenus, β.; aȝenes, γ.titles and of ȝeres, β.; and . . . ȝeres, bis in MS.vram, γ.worl, γ.vorseyde, γ.cronyks, β. and γ.whoche, γ.Robart, β.semeþ, β.; hyt semeþ, γ.worþe, β.; worþ, γ.volym, β. and γ.Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro primo. Also þis Lanfrank, arch|bisshop of Caunterbury, [and]y fere, β.; y vere vore, γ.sich, β.croyses, Cx.aȝen, β.vurste, γ.prust hys, γ.a monke, γ.a halp, γ.comynge, γ.byhyȝte, γ.ef, γ.vore, γ.þarevore a was, γ.sugection, α.; of subiectioun, β.; of sugection, γ.; subjectioun, Cx.ver attweynne, γ.atwenne, Cx.; α repeated in MS.Gregory hys, γ.schulde be] om. α.; is, γ.Lanfranc, β., semper.þat, bis in MS.þat cause, γ.; that that cause, Cx.termyned, α., β., and Cx.ytermyned tofore, γ.of] in, β., γ., and Cx.þouȝ, β.; þeyȝ, γ.; though, Cx.huld, γ.he, γ.biforhond, β.; tovore, γ.vor, γ.hym, Cx.þarvore, γ.shewde, Cx.and two] om. β. and Cx.honderd ȝere and vourty, γ.arche byschop, γ.primacye, β.; primacye over, Cx.over, γ.londe, Cx.vast, γ.punysched, β.; punysshed, Cx.pot, γ.Aȝenes, γ.þe, β. and γ.the pystle, Cx.never] om. Cx.neiþer, β.nere no . . scholde be suget, γ.; neyther subget, Cx.Ich, γ.not, add. Cx.y-meued, γ.volk, γ.seint] om. β. and Cx.graunted, β. and Cx.vrendes, γ.vurste, γ., bis.vurste, γ., bis.þouȝ, β.; though, Cx.yef, Cx.þerfore he made noon mencioun þat he, wrongly inserted here in MS.epystle, Cx.no, γ.ȝeft, γ.; yefte, Cx.non, γ.alyve, β. and Cx.of] at, β., γ., and Cx.be suget to Austyn, γ.Dorobernia þat is] om. β. and Cx.her] om. β.vonge lore, γ.ana γ.leeme, Cx.bote þou, γ.his succes|soures is wrongly added in α.hy habbeþ, γ.hadde, Cx.offys, β.hys, from γ.kanst, β. and Cx.þe] om. Cx., bis.þe] om. Cx., bis.haþ] om. γ. and Cx.heed] om. α.; al, β. and Cx.were alle of alle cherches, γ.both, Cx.as, α., β., and Cx.as vorto, γ.and, α., β., γ., and Cx.of, α., β., γ., and Cx.volle, γ.holynesse, Cx.feiþ, β., et infra; feyth, Cx., et infra.euerych, γ.volweþ, γ.vor a veng, γ.þouȝ, β.; though, Cx.for] om. β. and Cx.þe dome, α. and Cx.; þe doom, β.; vram þe dome, γ.my, β.diocesy, β. and γ.; dyocesy, Cx.hyt, γ.þe] om. β., γ., and Cx.bischops, β.; bisshops, Cx.provinces, α.Ef the archebyschop of Canturbury ys ded þe archebyschop, γ.Dorobernia þat is] om. β. and Cx.writen, β.; wreton, Cx.þe] þat, β. and Cx.mund, γ.sholde, add. Cx.loste, Cx.lege, β.; lyege, Cx.And] om. β. and Cx.aȝe, γ.monk, β. and Cx.chepmen, γ.sawe, Cx.Incis, MS.Þis, β.acord, Cx.
HATEBRAND,Hiltebrand, β.; Hiltebrande, Cx.þat] om. β., γ., and Cx.vorbud, γ.wyfes added here in α. and Cx. The word is also written in MS., but has been marked out.forbode, Cx.dwelle, Cx.dispisiden, β.; dispreysed, Cx.punsyngs, γ.here, β.prist hys, γ.hu ld, γ.a concubyne] om. γ.aȝenes pope hys, γ.pope hys messager, γ.stanchede, γ.; chaunge, Cx.myde, γ.waare, Cx.failleþ, from α.; failiþ, β.; fayleþ, γ.; faylyth, Cx., bis.; falleth, MS.vorth God hys, γ.Siþþe, β.he þat bisshopriche doþ aȝenst þe Holy Goost, wrongly inserted here in MS.ȝif] om. Cx.say . . . counsaille] bis in MS.and to the, add. β.; and, add. γ.to the, add. β.sygge, γ.; say, Cx.þe] his, Cx.ad] at, Cx.brake, β.17 emperour, and assoilede alle men of here ooth þat
owht, Cx.caste, β., γ., and Cx.barfot, β.þerafter, α. and β.; afterwarde, Cx.þe emperour] om. Cx.medede, α.; meded, β. and Cx.; mydede, γ.and þe cardinalles] om. Cx.þe] om. γ.sarche, γ.Raph erl, γ.Anglond, γ.and Souþfolk] om. Cx.kynges heste] kyng, β.; kynge, Cx.heste] om. γ.by gile, β.; by gyle, Cx.vyng, γ.awey] om. γ.erl Raph, γ.erl Waltef, γ.; Waltef, Cx.Paulys, γ.be is transferred in α. and Cx.be] om. γ.i-] om. α. and β.see, Cx.Selsey, from β., γ., and Cx.; Sefey, MS.Kirtoun, β.; Kyrton, Cx.Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro 2o. Þis ȝere deide HermannusHyrmanus, Cx.whoche, γ.wreton, Cx.to vorhond, γ.buylded, Cx.þuder, γ.lymne, β. and Cx.; lumine, from γ. lumynede, MS.consuetudinarye, α., β., and Cx.; consuetudinary, γ.ne iȝ, .Aldelm, from γ.; Adelms, Cx.; Albon, MS.Aldelm's lif, β.Courthehose, β., γ., and Cx.kync, γ.þat his fader had assigned him somtyme, þerfore by helpe of þe kyng of Fraunce he toke prayes in Normandy and dide, β.; þat hys vader hadde assygned hym som tyme, þarvore by help of þe kyng of fraunce he touk prayes in Normandy, and dude hys vader moche wo, γ.hurde, γ.Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro 3o. Þe Norþhumbres slouȝ Walkerus bisshop of Durham. William þat was somtyme abbot of Kariles,Karyles, β.; seynt Kariles, γ.; Cariles, Cx.Durham, α. and γ.worl, γ.triste, β.fledde, Cx.busy, γ.folewide, β.; volwede, γ.ȝhe, β.in his ye and nay, Cx.Anselm & þe kyng, γ.Anselm, γ.vul, γ.and vul syk in hys bed & dyede þar, γ.dude, γ.been (sic), α.Waryng, β. and Cx.Waryn erl, γ.Scrosbury, β.Myldburgh, α.; Mildburgh, β. and γ.Willelmus de Regibus, libro 3o. While a myȝti man sat at þeþe] a, Cx.muyse, β., tris; myes, Cx., et infra.though, Cx.siwede, β.; syewed, Cx.pomegarnat, β. and Cx.noyfol, γ.ayene to londe, Cx.halide, β.; haaled, Cx.bifil, β.; byvul, γ.Polonia, Cx.a leopard hadde, α., β., γ., and Cx.for lyyse, β.; lyese, Cx.Henricus, libro 6o. Þis ȝere was a corsed stryf bytwene þe monkes of Glastyngbury and þe unthryvynge abbot Thurstan, þat kyng William hadde i-brouȝt þiderþuder, γ.Cadony, β.no, β.Fiscamen, Cx.Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro 2o. He wasted and spendspended, Cx.catails, Cx.þerwiþ, β.; þare|wyþ, γ.vor γ.Vastyng, γ.volk, γ.kunneþ, β.can noo, Cx.touk, γ.wepne, β.And, from β., γ., and Cx.; MS. has of.vul, γ.; fille, Cx.schet, γ.and dartes, add. γ.dryve, β.; y-dryve, γ.; drive, Cx.fro.scatered, β.; to scatred, Cx.vor vyf, γ.deyde fer fram, β.huyde, Cx.in Engelond] om. Cx.dede bedde, Cx.cardynal, α. and β.undide, β.; undude, γ.of peynes] om. α., β., γ., and Cx.
AFFTER Hiltebrand, þe þridde Victor was pope oono, γ.vyf, γ.het, β.; hyȝte, γ.poysent, γ.vader, γ.hurde, γ.gadderde, γ.his greet court, γ.þar vore, γ.þre, γ.Morice, Cx.Tedford, β., γ., and Cx.chayngede, γ.Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro 4o. He rasede of oon beem of þat cherche
vulle, γ.bigile, β.plasce, γ.of] om. Cx.oþer] om. γ.þes, γ.cataill, Cx.hym wolde, α., β., and γ.vedde, γ.suffryd, Cx.ham, γ.lurne, γ.letture, γ.gret letture, γ.prout aȝenes, γ.Lychfeld, γ.Charterhous, α.; Chartus, β. and γ.; Chartrus, Cx., et infra.Coloyn, Cx.Duchische men, α. and β.; Du|chesch men, γ.; Duche men, Cx.Reynes in Champayne, Cx.vorsouk, γ.worl, γ.seyn, γ.som tyme hys scoler; þar he halp, γ.dygnyte, Cx.world] court, β.; courte, Cx.; and foundede þe hermytage wrongly inserted here in MS.he vorsouk þe court and þe bis|choprych of Risens, γ.to wrongly inserted here in MS.þere] om. α.endede þare hys lyf, γ.hermytes, γ,Celystes, α.; Celistes, β.; Cellistes, γ.; Cellystes, Cx.lyven, Cx.passen, Cx.leude, Cx.oune, γ.ysevered, β.; y seuered, γ.his, α. and Cx.Eche, Cx.weke, β. and Cx.vleysch, γ.þe] a, β. and Cx.wollen, α., β., γ., and Cx.pylche, γ.habbeþ, γ.on, α. and Cx.a voure, γ.fraytour, Cx.a juneþ, γ.gedders, γ.Sondawes, γ.etyn, Cx.mekeliche] om. Cx.; myklyche, γ.goostlich, β.; gostlyche, γ.siggiþ, β.; Hy segeþ, γ.reul, γ.and, MS.vongeþ, γ.knyghtes, Cx.feos, γ.teeme, β.meschyefs, Cx.dede, α., β., γ., and Cx.Cristyn, γ.Romsee, β.; Rumesee, γ.þanne] om. Cx.Rome, Cx.hyȝte, γ.Hostyence, Cx.atte laste, γ.dide, β.; dude, γ.teone, β.eyr, β.; aer, γ.; eyer, Cx.whoche, γ.þe] om. β. and Cx.vure, γ.; grysely fyre, Cx.Paul, γ.Alfridus. Þat ȝere þe Danes in a chirche slowȝ her kyng Canutus. Willelmus de Regibus, libro tercio. Þis kyng William lay a bedde atRoen before Rotho|mage.ende, β. and Cx.William kyng, γ.wymmen, γ.don, Cx.takiþ, β.bourded, β.yslaket, γ.drench, β.; dreynch, γ.was] om. γ.lambmas, γ.veldes, γ.treen, β.; tren, γ.trowyd, Cx.heo, β.; α, γ.a manere] an, β.; manere, om. Cx.an evel, γ.lupe, γ.vatte, γ.erles, γ.Rogyer, Cx.Bayen, α.; Baion, γ.; Bayon, β. and Cx.vyfty, γ.voure, γ.eiȝte, β.; eyght, Cx.Cadony, β.oponlych vorbude, γ.buryinge, β.; beryeng, Cx.þat] om. Cx.and, MS.no mo] none, Cx.þo, γ.myche, β.munde, γ.Henricus, libro 5o. Þis William Conquerour was a wise man and a gileful, riche [and]veyre, γ.sterne, β., et infra; storn, γ.ham, γ.hym, β.dide, β.; dyde, Cx.þat, add. γ.luse, γ.eye, Cx.who] om. γ.genetraces, β.; genitoryes, Cx.Willelmus de Regibus, libro 3o. Kyng William was of skilful stature, to greet and fatvatte, γ.and] om. γ. and Cx.baar, β.myȝte, γ.one, Cx.vot, γ.þe, β. and γ.huld, γ.Ester, γ.; Eester, Cx.Witsontyde, β.; Whitsontyde, Cx.of] om. γ. and Cx.comyn, γ.eame, Cx.vor a vorgendrede, γ.verely, Cx.acorsed, α. and γ.; acursed, β.bylded, Cx., et infra.at.Cadony, β.Bermundseye, β.; Bermundes|eye, γ.þe] om. β. and γ.Batayl, β.y-voȝte, γ.Henricus, libro 6o. Whanne þis William was kyngded, γ.an] om. γ.to, add. γ.distruye, β.men] om. Cx.be, Cx.hy habbeth, γ.have boren, Cx.ham, γ.bere doune theyrself, Cx.Willelmus.
WILLIAM þe Rede was i-crowned kyng þe day of seint Cosma [and]Wulstan, β., et infra.Wyrceter, γ.norysshed, Cx.Þes, γ.þoo] that tyme, Cx.host aȝenes, γ.into, β.half, Cx.kyng William, γ.messagers, γ. and Cx.hymsylf noȝt, γ.; clepeth himself not, Cx.ert, γ.for] bycause, Cx.over lyveþ, α., β., and γ.; over|leveth, Cx.reode, β.; rued, γ.; waggyng his heede, Cx.byhestes, α., β., and Cx.; veyr byhestes, γ.neiȝ, β.vul cruwel, γ.a cruwel and grislich, β.a cruell and grysely tempest, Cx.eame, Cx.byfore, Cx.yeven, Cx.ȝude, γ.at] to, Cx.dude, γ.vorsouk, γ.Mont Gomeryk, α. and Cx.; Gomerik, β.; Mont Gomerik, γ.Þanne, β.þe archebisshopes londes, from α., β., and Cx.; hys londes, γ.; arche|bisshop of London, MS.pleined, Cx.sigge, β.; sygge, γ.erl, γ.Rogyer, Cx.erl, γ.Walysch, γ.Wyrceter, γ.Wulstan, β.blent, β.; blente, Cx.into] of, γ. and Cx.meyne, β.awelded, β. and Cx.vul, γ.ham, γ.; them, Cx.vorsake, γ.vorswere, γ.and] om. α. β., γ., and Cx.þuder, γ.hys, add. γ.Ancelm, β.; Anselm, γ.Becko, Cx.Frauns, γ.in, MS.and vul seruys of here þe Satur|day, γ.favere, γ.; faver, Cx.unstidfast, β.þe] þat, β.; that, Cx.o, γ.þat, add. γ.forto] til, β. and Cx.vorto Robert, γ.Chynon, Cx.in Normandie] in Saint Nycolas mount, Cx.Þanne . . . oþer] om. Cx.Mighels, β.resed, β.uppon, α. and β.; oppon, γ.and efte, γ.Þanne . . . oþer] om. Cx.onwar, Cx.vul, γ.feaw, γ.sleyn, β.voot, γ.haberione, β. and Cx.; haber|jon, γ.on] to, β. and γ.schord, γ.Leve, β. and Cx.þe] om. Cx.Ych, γ.and . . . hors] om. Cx.quaþ, γ.þat, γ.brethern, γ.wurne, γ.vyȝte, γ.wyolens, γ.hurde, γ.schornede, γ.pryce, Cx.tellest, β., γ., and Cx.more pris, add. γ.luseþ, γ.; leese, Cx.undide, β.; undude, γ.breþern, γ.
THIS ȝere deide Lanfrank archebisshop of Canturbury, þe fourþevurde, γ.tofore] of, Cx.tovore Jun, γ.Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro primo. Þis Lanfrank, of þe nacioun of Lombardes, was a noble man of lettrure;letture, γ.spente, Cx.cappet, γ.; ycapped, Cx.Herlewing, Cx.vredom, γ.to the, add. Cx. wrongly.prustes, γ.pot, γ.Willelmus, libro 2o. ForFor Hervast] Bycause herof, Cx.Herfast, β., γ.prust, γ.neiȝ, β.lettres, β.spede, α., β., and Cx.; of letters vor to spyde, γ.kunnyng, β.was, vor, γ.lauȝe, β.; lauȝhe, γ.; laugh, Cx.hyde, γ.þe] om. β.courtosye, Cx.veyrnes, γ.fas, γ.Caen, Cx.Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro primo. Þis man was so famous of lore þat pope Alisaundre aroosaros, β.syth, Cx.veet, γ.vikere, α.; viker, β.; saynt Peter vyker, Cx.croyses, Cx.bifore, Cx., bis.yprived, β. and γ.bifore, Cx., bis.tretid, Cx.byladde, β.ernest, β., γ., and Cx.storn, γ.reulede, γ.vynge, γ.þey] he, β. and Cx.for] fro, Cx.punyschide, β.þe] om. α.subget, Cx.to] om. Cx.neode, α.somwhat, Cx.one may make, Cx.mot, γ.ravysch, β.beþ, β.; now ben be, Cx.preched, β. and Cx.; ypreched, γ.vre, γ.pleasauntly, Cx.skilfol, γ.y-vulled, γ.and specially, Cx.almesse,.vys, γ.potte, γ.gleymyng, β. and γ.spente on, Cx.gurde, γ.heyȝ, β.vede, γ.despuyte, γ.doon, β.comford, γ.advanced, Cx.plas, γ.clerkes, α., β., and γ.; clerkis, Cx.Dunstan's, β.þoȝtfol, γ.in] for, Cx.abode, β. and Cx.; bod, γ.warstled, Cx.theyr, Cx.where, MS.have, Cx.; segge þes habbeþ, γ.unlyk, Cx.save, β.liȝtliche, β.; lyȝtlych, γ.; om. Cx.and] of, β., γ., and Cx.covenabel, γ.sternenesse, β.knwe, γ.weste, α.; wuyste, γ.the customme, Cx.from, β.; vram, γ.emonge, Cx.pot, γ.doyngis, Cx.rued, α.; ruyde, β. and Cx.whestoun of] om. γ.desirede, β.hy habbeþ, γ.; have, Cx.munde, γ.gistes, β.; ghestes, Cx.elenge, α. and Cx.; elyng, β.; elynge, γ.and] or, Cx.medicyn, β. and Cx.ȝunge, γ.schulde lacke of, α.; they should not lack of, Cx.blynche, γ.her place, β.brynge, α. and β.; bringe, Cx.autor, β.auctor of þat doynge was, α., β., γ., and Cx.convertid, Cx.hurde, γ.attercop weftes, β.; copweft, γ.; attercops nestes, Cx.vorbud, γ.; forbode, Cx.voure, γ.ynough, Cx.Hit wit, add. α.; His wit, add. β. and γ.; His witte is ywyst, Cx.ywust, β.; ywuyst, γ.I trowe, Cx.lurnde, γ.hyde, γ.on, α., β., and Cx.essaye we be, Cx.whoche, γ., bis.vond, γ.truwe, γ.Goddes, Cx.truw, γ.ich, β.yhurd hyt ych vorȝute, γ.mennis, β.of that happe, Cx.wuyste, γ.worl, γ.y-preved, β.felawe] om. Cx.veyn, β.þe] om. β.yscryve, γ.hosled, β.; y-hosled, γ.drynch, γ.; medecinale drank Cx.flix, α.munde, γ.
THISAlso þys, γ.þat is] in, Cx.neiȝ, β.Beomund, β.; Boamund, γ.þousent, γ.to, α., β., and Cx.clerke, Cx.molte, β.; ȝote, γ.and, from β. and γ.; of, MS.prelates melted theyr vessel and lordes spoylde, Cx.at] in, β. and Cx.yschent, β.; marryd, Cx.ham, γ.Edgar] om. Cx.so in tyme, α.everyche, γ.twelve α.twelve, β.; twelf, γ.fyfte, Cx.grete, Cx.tiȝnynge, β.; lyȝtnyng, γ.þurled, β.; þurlede, γ.; thyrled, Cx.þruw, γ.smoke, γ.vullede, γ.till, Cx.halywater, γ.þruw, γ.atte Bowe, β. and Cx.lifte, β.; lyft, γ.; lyfte, Cx.refters, β.; reftres, Cx.stroke, Cx.dupe, γ.Osmundus, α., β., and Cx.halewed, β.Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro 4o. Remygius þe bisshop, þat translatede þe see from Dorchestre to Lyncolne, caste forto halwehabbe, γ.yeven pryvely, Cx.neiȝ, β.fifteþe, α.twy dawes, γ.þat, β.prevy doome, Cx.the, Cx.halwide, β.forbodyng, β. and Cx.; vor|bodyng, γ.lytel, β. and Cx.kunde, γ.kunde, γ.vol, γ.vulvullede, γ.rialich, β.; ryally, Cx.schadewis, β.; schadewes, γ.; shadowes, Cx.vortto, γ.; till, Cx.repayred, Cx.Lucubalia, γ.Caercol, Cx.y-leye, β.; ben, Cx.Gloucestre, Cx.byhyȝte, γ.Hen|ricus, libro 6o. And he ȝaf þat ȝere þe archebisshopriche to Ancelm, bot he moste not take þerof, but as þe kyng wolde hote, orar, γ.seide, β.longide, β.þousent marc, γ.he, α., β., and Cx.contas, γ.Raynald, β.; Reyngnold, γ.Huwe, γ.; Hughe, Cx.kirtel, β.Trevisa. A wise man wolde wenemene, Cx.Rogyer, Cx.myde, β.folwiþ, β.after, from α. and β.; of, MS.Roger his, β.Hugus, β.; after Roger hys sone Huwe, γ.vlodes, γ.forst, α. and β.; vorst, γ.ryver, α.þat] þe, Cx.þewe, β.multe, β.; molte, β.; mylte, γ.bridges, Cx.vyȝtynge, γ.Breȝnok, β.; Brechnok, Cx.seyn, γ.; on a Saynt, Cx.for kinge] From Cx.; for kynge, β.; vor kynge, γ.; workynge, MS.be, α.wont, β.in a] uppon, Cx.hir, β.heo, β.hue vul syke, γ.Dunwald, β., γ., and Cx.Willelmus de Pontificibus. It was i-tolde þis Malcolyn in a tyme þat oon of þe lordes inin] of, β.þe] om. Cx.hyt, γ.huld, γ.comen, β. and Cx.aweite, β.; aweyte, γ.hyt, γ.in a morwe, γ.; erly in a morn|yng, Cx.huntes, β.; hunters, Cx.brod, γ.þicke, β.; byclepped wiþ þykke, γ.; bysette with thykk, Cx.tote, β.; tout, γ.; toote, Cx.hulle. Þues tweyne, γ.toute, γ.; toote, Cx.ben, Cx.eche, Cx.and eche, Cx.ȝif þu miȝt and, β.; Ef þu myȝt or, γ.darst, α.; darrest, β. and Cx.; þerrest, γ.castest, β.oppon, γ.veet, γ.byhyte, γ.pledgys, Cx.wente, Cx.atte request, Cx.Hugus, β., bis; Huwe, γ., et infra; Hugh, Cx., et infra.y-founded, α. and β.; founded, Cx.seke, β.for, α.; vor, γ.prust, γ.vurste, γ.
THIS ȝere Engelond and Normandie were i-greved wiþ a grevous tribut, and wiþ moreyn of men, so þat eorþeerþe, β.tilynge, β.; tylynge, γ.; tyl|yenge, Cx.ȝok, β.; yok, Cx.shires] from Cx; schyres, β. and γ.; schiles, MS.Menevia, β. and Cx.seen, β.valle, γ.from the skye, Cx.togedders, γ.horses, Cx.plas, γ.hewed, Cx.Walysch, γ.Wulfstan, β.; Wulstan, Cx., et infra.in . . . deienge] om. α., β., γ., and Cx.Wircetre, β.eyghtenth, Cx.Janyver, α. and γ.; Januare, β.; January, Cx.Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro 3o. Þis Wolstoun in þe houre of his deiengediyng, β.; dyyeng, Cx.leove, α.; lueve, γ.his wel byloved frende, Cx.Criklade, β.; Crykkelade, γ.; Cryklade, Cx.beryeng, Cx.neglygence, Cx.cheyer, γ.; chayr, Cx.and . . . dede] om. γ.Robert deyde, Cx.Wulfstan, β., semper.had, β.worþ, α.; wors, β. and γ.more] om. α., β., γ., and Cx.were wors than, Cx.wykketnes, γ.habbeþ, γ.agult, α. and γ.; agilt, β.; agylt, Cx.So God by, Cx.vend, γ.yeven, Cx.lytel, β.; rechest but lytel, Cx.Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro 4o. Wolstoun was i-bore in Warwykschire, and lernede lettrurelurnde lettour, γ.long, α.; a longe, β. and Cx.; a long, γ.dude, γ.vleysch, γ., et infra.gos, γ.fuyre, β.; vure, γ.smyl, γ.on] an, γ.never, Cx.soche, γ.worl, γ.before his deth, Cx.offices, β.; offyces, Cx.lygge, γ.; laye, Cx.slepte, β.riȝt] om. Cx.vend, γ.liche, β.; lyche, γ.warstled, Cx.yleos, β. and Cx.vast, γ.lykenesse, Cx.to hym after cam.segge, γ.a wuste, γ.and . . . drede] om. β. and Cx.ynowȝ, β., surely ynough, Cx.strayte, Cx.Wircetre, α.blynde, Cx.symplenesse, β.; symplenes, γ.vertue, β.; vertu, γ.lewide, β.kunne, Cx.of, β.whyly, γ.slyȝ, β. and Cx.fouchesaf, γ.Wusius, α.; Wulsius, β., γ., and Cx.two, Cx.þouȝ, β.; though, Cx.vyng, γ.langede, α.; chalengide, β.; chalengyd, Cx.Þeyȝ me drank] om. Cx.dide, β.; dude, γ.bost, α. and β.; boost, Cx.so] om. β.sauter, Cx.munde, γ.in, a, β., γ., and Cx.Þan] om. β. and Cx.make, α. and β.sygge, γ.on the cuppe, Cx.kyngis, β.cours, α.; curs, β. and Cx.arbitres and manis, α.; arbi|trours and menes, β.; alle evel arby|ters and menes, γ.; al evyl arby|trours and moyens, Cx.forrours, γ.; furres, Cx.yf one hadde counseyled hym, Cx.answeride, β.y, α.; ich, β.; I, from Cx.; and, MS.not, α.; nouȝt, β.þarevore y lyke better þe hete of a lombe þan y do þe hete of a cat, γ.more, α., β., γ., and Cx.wuep vol, γ.it mas sayd unto hym, Cx.lif, β.houses, β. and Cx.distruyeþ, β.; destruyeþ, γ.; do. We wreches destroye, Cx.oure self] us, Cx.buyldyngis, β.; buldes, γ.; buyldynges, Cx.þat. MS.rof, γ.heope, β.; hepe, from α. and γ.; kepe, MS.reche, α.; recchiþ, β.; recheþ, γ.; retche, Cx.pupyl, γ.tourne, Cx.ne] noþer, β. and Cx.but] til, β.; till, Cx.þee, β.mancypel, γ.bigan, β.vome, γ.grysbette, γ.hadde, Cx.at] and, Cx.letture, γ.chalangide, β.be] om. β. and γ.Lef, γ.wistest, β.; wustest, γ.dude by his rede, γ.chepman, β. and γ.; shipman, Cx.same] om. Cx.þe to synne] a þeef, α., β., and Cx.for] om. Cx.hed, β. and γ.; heede, Cx.nory, β. and γ.he, Fader, β.; he, vader, γ.make, Cx.weke, β.; woke, γ.not on his, Cx.his] om. α.vul, γ.fle, α.sprong, α.; neiþer ysel neþer spark, β.; neyther ysel nor spark, Cx.sot, γ.vurde, γ.y-preved, α.; prived, β.; pryved, Cx.hym] om. Cx.of] om. Cx.unsuffysant of letture, γ.touk, γ.or] er, Cx.Y, γ.hyt, γ.and y take hit hym aȝen, β.þat] om. β., γ., and Cx.
THIS ȝere was þe goyng to Ierusalem, in þe whichewoche, γ.was Beamund, Cx.t, α.; that, Cx.Juyl, β. and Cx.cometa, β., γ., and Cx.creest, Cx.sawe, Cx.seyn, γ.myraclis, β.; myrakels, γ.het Odo, β.; Odo, γ.þuder, γ.Henricus, libro primo.septimo, Cx.for] om. α.; wiþ, β.; with, Cx.; schamede þe pupyl wyþ, γ.to spend about, α., β., γ., and Cx.at] of, β. and Cx.Westmonaster, γ.pupel, γ.Willelmus de Regibus, libro 4o. And ȝit herto þe roote and toto] om. Cx.; þe, γ.Ranulph, β., et infra; of Ra|nulf, γ.prust, γ.þis, β.siche, β.riȝt and] om. Cx.poure, γ.disparagide, β.; desparage, γ.; dysparagid, Cx.heritages, β.; herytages, Cx.herytages and touk ham, γ.ne] om. β.mannes, β.he rought of noo mannes wreche, Cx.fulle, β.; volle, γ.uside, β.stroutyng, Cx.ȝude, γ.noon, β.yvare, γ.; faren, Cx.males, β. and γ.his bulges, β.; bulges and hys, γ.in a grete coun|sail, β.; and in a gret consayl, γ.Barrus, β. and γ.Grekis, β.; Grekes, Cx.tellyn, Cx.Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro 2o. Þat tyme Raf
in] to, Cx.fas, γ.er, β.diocesy, γ.; dyocesy, Cx., et infra.awelded, β. and Cx.prustes, γ.be, β.yeftes, Cx., et infra.Raph, γ.Rauf, Cx.litel, β.wytlyche, γ.diocesy, β.vynge, γ.ur, γ.vongyng, γ.Willelmus de Regibus, libro 2o.o, α. and Cx.messager, γ.Cenemonia, Cx.hed, β.counseilide, β.volwe, γ.nedes, β., γ., and Cx.þe] om. Cx.Y hurde, γ.op, γ.ankers, β. and Cx.servys, γ.þey þat] from α., β., γ., and Cx.; þat þey, MS.vle, γ.þe, β.; the, Cx.dide, β.; dude, γ.I trow, Cx.Henricus, libro 4o. Þis ȝere at Fynchamstede in Barrokschire a welle was i-seie welle blood fiftenevyftene, γ.and, α.; afuyre, β.; a vure, γ.; a fyre, Cx.Hugus and Hugus, β.; Huwe and Huwe, γ.; Hugh and Hughe, Cx.Mon, α. and γ.genytraces, β., et infra; geny|tras, γ., et infra; genetoryes, Cx., et infra.eiȝen, β.woche, γ.Kynredus, Cx.ye, γ.ylondes, β.; ylandes, Cx.Mon, β. and Cx.vorsede, γ.Schrowesbury, γ.kidde, β.; ykud, γ.; kydde, Cx.yn] of, Cx.vorseyde, γ.Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro 2o. Aboute þat tyme Herbert Lesang,Losang, β., γ., and Cx.þanne, β.norry, β.; nory, γ.his] the, Cx.bywepte, α., β., and Cx.; by|wupe, γ.unskilful res, α. and β.; un|skylfol res, γ.; unskylful rest, Cx.yongth, Cx.chaungide, β.Norwyche, β.; Norwiche, Cx.þere] om. Cx.solempnel, Cx.worl, γ.Herbert, β.; Herbart, Cx.dubel sawe, γ.bote, γ.wepte, β.; wuep, γ.go, β.munde, γ.yongth, Cx.ur, γ., bis.Henricus, libro 4o. Þanne kyng William com out of Normandie, and whan he sighsawe, Cx.Westmonstre, α.lytel, β.lytel by the halfe, Cx.þe] his, β. and Cx.vor hys caumber, γ.
ABOUTE þis tyme bygan þe ordre of whitevor hys caumber, γ.Cabiloneus, β.ordre, Cx.Willelmus de Regibus, libro 2o. Oon Hardynge Stevene,Steven Hardyng, β. and Cx.; Stevyn, γ.Shyrburn, Cx.sciences, β.vyng the pryckkes, γ.veres, γ.sigge, β.sygge þe sauter, γ.witte, β.; wyt, γ.into, Cx.Molis in þe, γ.heer, α. and β.; here, Cx.reul, γ., et infra.be y-holde, α.; be holden, β.; be holden, Cx.Worchere, β.; Worcher, γ.; higher Worcher, Cx.meoveþ, β.habbeþ, γ.; kepyn, Cx.of the, Cx.to, α., β., and Cx.reule, γ.be, from α., β., and Cx.; by, MS.seme, α.vader þat volwede, γ.and . . . rule] om. Cx.þouȝ, β.; though, Cx.Þerfore . . . of] þanne of, β.þe . . . myssen] om. γ.Þerfore ȝe myssen] Than, Cx.as þey . . . rule] bis in MS.an] al, Cx.ȝe, α.oþer scholde in veyn, γ.demed, β. and Cx.marȝ, γ.; marouh, Cx.wreche, Cx.wreche op out, γ.wreche up of þouȝtes, β.; thoughtes, Cx.; ȝoughtes, MS.þat þe] om. β. and Cx.richesses, β.Cisterci, β. and γ.; Cisterus, Cx.vol, γ.hogelyche, γ.of] om. γ.Espec, γ.Ryvalle, β.Willelmus de Regibus, libro 4o. Þese ben þe observaunces þat semeþsemyn, Cx.ordre, β.furrours, β.; forrours, γ.of, α.kirtelles, α.; curtles, β.; twy cortels, γ.; curtels, Cx.coule, Cx.wolleþ, β. and γ.las, γ.in somme maner tyme, Cx.y-gurde, β.; gyrde, Cx.oure, γ.oures, γ.complyn, β.; comply, γ., bis.seke, β.hostiler, γ.ghestes, Cx., et infra.nygh, Cx.leve] om. β. and Cx.vlok, γ.but, ins. α.; bote, γ.messes, Cx.þritteþe, α.September, Cx.day] om. α., β., and Cx.etiþ, β.on, α.; om. β.spekith, β.potteþ no giblotes, γ.gybletes, Cx.oures, γ.deede, β.usiþ, β.Ambroses office, α.; Ambros hys offys, γ.haveþ, β.habbeþ charche of gystes, γ.Molyce, Cx.come, α.; com, β. and γ.aþoȝte, γ.ben, α.lykynglyche, γ.procrede, α.revokyng, Cx.here, from α.; her, β. and Cx., his MS.Steven Hardyng, β. and Cx.; Stevyn, γ.þere] om. Cx.þere sixe] sixtene, α., β., and Cx.sevententh, Cx.Cisterci, β.; Cistercy, γ.aspied, β.; spyde, γ.; espyed, Cx.merour, γ.repref, β.; repreve, γ.repreef and chastyng, Cx.abit is] þei beþ, β.; they be, Cx.tanu, α., β., and Cx.taun a Freyns, γ.
AFFTER Urban, þe secounde PaschalPaschalis, β.; Pascalis, γ. and Cx.In his þrittenþe ȝere, β.ferþe, β.nouȝt] om. α.er, β. and Cx.; ar, γ.þat . . . emperour] bis in MS.and byhote hym þe investiture of prelates wiþ þe cros and wiþ þe ryng. And also þat he schuld never curse þemperour, β.; and byhote hym þe investiture of prelates wyþ þe croos and wyþ þe ryng, and also þat he scholde nevere corse þe emperour, γ.embrace, Cx.olde, β. and γ.of þe apostles] om. Cx.helde, Cx.; hulde, γ.dampneþ, β.; dampnede, γ.a privilege α.; a pravilege, β.; a pravylege, γ.; a pryvelege, Cx.dampneþ, β. and γ.Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro 3o. Whanne William bisshop of Durham was dede, þe kyng ȝaf þe bisshopriche to oon Walter, þat hadde i-be þat oþerelder, β.; the elder, Cx.prust, γ.chapelen, γ.out] om. αspecially, Cx.vorbode, γ.giglotes, β.; gyglotes, γ.nas, β.eiȝe, β.nyse, β.fowl, γ.seyn, γ.take, Cx.take up, β.clothynge, Cx.Temyse, α.; Temse, β.dreynt, β.; drowned, Cx.malys, β.; malyce, Cx.Willelmus de Regibus, libro 4o. Þe kyng was warned þerof, and sette litel þerby. Also þis ȝere HowHugus, β., et infra; Hugh, Cx., et infra.þo] so, Cx.and bled blode, β.; and bledde blod, γ.hyte, γ.þat þe chamberleynes schulde wiþ hym abyde, α., β. and Cx.ur, γ.of] and, Cx., bis.of] and, Cx., bis.yscote, γ.meyneal, β. and Cx.have schott, β.; have shotte, Cx.veaw, γ.weped, α.; wuep, γ.hym, α., β., γ., and Cx.on] in, β.dropp, α.and it, wrongly inserted here in MS.vul, γ.oppon, γ.had be scaped, Cx.axide, β.Peyters, β., γ., and Cx.borowe, β.laye, Cx.hym] om. Cx.heelde, β., bis.; huld, γ.honde, Cx.in] on, Cx.heelde, β., bis.; huld, γ.handes, Cx.lete, Cx.ȝit hyȝer] evereche mannes heyr, β.; everyche man hys heir, γ.; every mannes heyre, Cx.Wibert, β.antepote, α.Henricus, libro 7o. And þouȝ he were liȝt of dedes, he was stabil and stedefaststudefast, γ.; stydefast, Cx.ful, α., β., and Cx.byhyght, Cx.ȝit, α. and β.; yet, Cx.munde, γ.twey, β.; twy, γ.gadderde, γ.subplaunte, γ.mekeliche] om. α., β., γ., and Cx.myklyche, γ.stode tofore, β.byhote, α.; bihote, β.; pro|mysse, Cx.charche, γ.o.
KYNG William þe RedeRede, from β. and Cx.; þridde, MS.ȝonger, β.i-made] om. β. and Cx.spende, β. and γ.yougthe, Cx.sciencis, β.on, α.wuep, γ.xix., β. and Cx.; nyntene, from γ.; nynþe, MS.fadres, α.dyyng, β. and γ.awent, β. and γ.; goon, Cx.pride, β.; prute, γ.; pryde, Cx.but, Cx.vol lyte, γ.bowide, β.groned, Cx.soudiours, β.; saudyours, γ.deel] om. Cx.meyneal, β. and Cx.; meynal, γ.huld, γ.forestes, Cx.yave, Cx.wymmenes, β.by, α., β., and Cx.þo] so, Cx.vals, γ.marchauntes, β. and Cx.; mar|chaundes, γ.a first, α.; a furst, γ.in, α., β., and Cx.seyn, γ.investiture, β. and Cx.remeoved, β.Malyncolyn, α.hir, β.Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro 3o. Þis ȝere deyde Thomas archebisshop of ȝork, and Giralde was archebisshop after hym, a lecherous man, a wicche,wycche, γ.; wytche, Cx.and, Cx.pile, β.; pule, γ.; pyle, Cx.erber, Cx.Frumeus, Cx.undertydes, β., γ., and Cx.þe, β. and γ.Willelmus de Regibus, libro 5o. In þe mene tyme eorle Robert, þis kynges broþer, herdehurde, γ.þis] þe deþ of, α., β., γ., and Cx.Rede from β. and γ.; Reede, Cx. þridde, MS.Than it was knowen, Cx.Raaf, β.; Rauf, Cx.had ben, Cx.roop, β. and γ.and, α., β., and γ.of] om. α., β., and γ.Normandy and encouraged duc, Cx.Willelmus de Regibus, libro 4o. Þis Robert was kyng William þe Conquerour his eldest sone, a litel man of body, with a fatvat, γ.þe] by, Cx.heete, β.alyve, β.wurnde, γ.wreche, Cx.restes, Cx.body] boot, from β. and Cx.; Robyn schort boot, γ; body, MS.curteys, β.; corteys, γ.; curtoys, Cx.veyr of fas, γ.man, α. and Cx.fuyre, β.vure þat was ywond, γ.tende, β., γ., and Cx.taper, β.; tapur, γ., bis.þer] om. Cx.recused, β.for] om. Cx.he, Cx.wel] om. Cx.vew, γ.me, β.hue, γ.mydwyf, α., β., γ., and Cx.kitte, β.; kuytte, γ.heo, β., bis.hue, γ.; she, Cx.William transposed to here, β.was his name] om. α.fonge, α.Than he gadryd, Cx.evereche, β.l marc,marcȝ, α,lynguste, γ.oþeres, α. and β.deide, α.; he deyde, β.; oþer hys heyr ef a dyede, γ.maul, β. and γ.ȝere, from β, and γ.; yere, Cx.; heire, MS.þat, α., β., and Cx.mark, β.; marc, γ. and Cx.Þanne Robart went aȝen and was litel ytolde of among þe Normans, so þat þe Normans prayede kyng Henry to come agenus Robert. Þe kyng cam and bynam hym al Normandy litel and lytel, outtake Rothomage, Cadony, and Phales. In þe whiche citees Robart went unrediliche up and doun; þer|fore þe Cadoniens were wroþe, and prayed king Henry for to come to hem, and closide her ȝates aȝenus Robart. β. and γ.fleyȝ, α.; fledde, Cx.Rone, Cx.he] and, β.and founded, Cx.Cardef, β. and Cx.; Kerdyf, γ.Glocetershire, γ.
THIS ȝere Roberd deþe] Roberd de, from α.; Robart de, β.; þe, MS.Bolisme, β.; Robert Denbolism, γ.; Robert de Bolysme, Cx.ros, β.Mont Gemeric, α.; Mount Go|merik, β.; Mont Gomeric, γ.; Mount Gomeryk, Cx.Brugges, β. and Cx.Tykehull, γ.; Tykenhyl, Cx.spiȝte, β.; encouraged, Cx.to rise] om. Cx.vourty, γ.Walysch, γ.veyr, γ.vorswerye, γ.ywurnd, γ.Þues tweyne, γ.fautours, β.; fautors, γ.werryd, Cx.grete, β.vol, γ.and] of, β.lefte, Cx.made, from Cx.; maden, MS.þeeves, β.; þueves, γ.stones, α., β., γ., and Cx.fustes, β.; vustes, γ.fustes and of, Cx.to, wrongly added here in MS.Kalixtus, α. and β.; Calyxtus, Cx.neiȝ, β.prisonment, β. and γ.; pry|sonnement, Cx.bonde, Cx.eyþer, γ.presauntes, β.lyghted, Cx.made, Cx.Mellent, β., γ., and Cx.upbreide, α.; enbryge, β.; en|brugge, γ.; embryge, Cx.snarle, β.snarle ham, γ., smarle hym, Cx.yhurde, γ.Hugus, β.; Huwe, γ., et infra; Hugh, Cx.put doune, Cx.undude, γ.pupplycacion, Cx.vys, β. and γ.prestene, β. and γ.fil, β.investiture, α., β., and Cx.lewide, β.and] om. Cx.corsyng, γ.siche, β.destried, β.of] the, Cx.plas, γ.to] forto, β.wonye, β.vast, γ.yvounde, γ.berieng, Cx.June, β.That, Cx.woke, γ.weke of Leynte, β.; weke of Lenten, Cx.everech, β.þat] the same, Cx.fyve and twenty, Cx.beme, β.; beame, Cx.Schereþursday, β.; clepyn chere Thoursday, Cx.ysend þennes, β. and γ.; thennes. Cx.
THIS ȝere þe fourþeferþe, β.; vurde, γ.Duchys, β. and γ.; Duche, Cx.boundes, Cx.he] his fader, Cx.men trowyd, Cx.heo, β.reputed, Cx.frelich, β.; vreliche, γ.Calixt, α.telliþ, β.þat] om. β. and Cx.croos, γ. and Cx.pot, γ.vyf byshops in o day, γ.Plegnidus, α.; Plegyndus, Cx.þeeves, β.an] om. Cx.seel, β. and Cx.yen, γ.Henry, Cx.toke, Cx.gaf, Cx.Cambriggeschyre, β.; Cam|bryggeshire, Cx.ryal, β. and Cx.Huwe, β.woke, β. and γ.; weke, Cx.Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro 1o. Þis ȝere deide Ancelme archebisshop of Caunterbury, and þe next day after þat felvul, γ.; fyll, Cx.enoynt, Cx.baum, γ.foyde, α.cherches, α.gode, β.use, α., β., and Cx.was] om. α., β., and Cx.were meoved, β.hedles as it were a widewe, β.; hedles as hyt were a wedewe, γ.; hedles as it were a wydowe he wold, Cx.he, α. and β.myke, γ.coude, Cx.kunde, γ.Siche, β.archbischoprich, β.; archebis|shopryche, Cx.Þouȝ, β.so noble α, β.; so nobel α, γ.; of so noble α, Cx.Þanne, β.; Than, Cx.hulles, γ.of] þat hatte, α.; that hight, Cx.six and twenty, Cx.translate, α.vastynge, γ.to wynne wyþ auctoryte, γ.by] wiþ, β.and passeþ.passyd, Cx.huld, γ.nedfol, γ.lest that it shold be demed that, Cx.converted, Cx.Kaunterbury, α.so] þo, β.; tho, Cx.for in] om. Cx.were, β.empire, β.; by|waill the empyre, Cx.; emperour, MS.oon man, β.; o man, γ.silence, β.berke, from β.; speke, Cx.; breke, MS.oon] from α. and β.; one, Cx.; no, MS.þere] yf, Cx.ȝif þe banyour, β.comyn schild, from γ.; comynge child, MS.were, α.wolleþ, β.Ancelm, Cx., et infra.yocked, Cx.boole, Cx.þei, β.vor hy draweþ noȝt al yleche, γ.solouh, Cx.vyng, γ.goode, β.; gode, γ.; good, Cx.sygge, γ.ravenour, β.in a tyme put before seint An|selme, in. α., β., γ., and Cx.hem, α.Snotyngham þat is] om. Cx.morn, α.to under, Cx.vordruyed, γ.cometa, β., γ., and Cx.bemyng, Cx.thre hoole wekes, Cx.buylded, Cx.ferþe, β.Henry emperour, Cx.Januar, Cx.
THE fiftenþe day of Octobre fellefil, β.; vul, γ.brydge, Cx.and] om. Cx.Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro 3o. Þis ȝere was a counsaile at Wyndesore, and þe kyng ordeyned Faricius abbot of Abyndon to þe see of Canturbury; but þe charge of þat dede come to examynacioun of bisshops, and þey putte tofore hym RaufRaaf, β. and Cx., et β. infra.One Thurstan, from Cx.; Athel|ston, MS.But hym was lever leve þe dignite þan be obedient to þe archbischop of Caunterbury, β.; bote hym was levere leve þe dig|nyte þan be obedient to þe arche|bisshop of Caunturbury, γ.forþouȝt, from β.; and for|thought, Cx.; þouȝt, MS.þere . . . cause] om. Cx.Remne, β.þere . . . cause] om. Cx.þat he wolde noþinge ordeyne aȝenes þe dignite of þe chirche of Caunterbury, β.; þat he wolde no þynge ordeyne aȝenes þe dignyte of þe cherche of Canter|bury, γ.Willelmus, libro 2o. But it semeth þat he grauntede a privelege in þis manere: "Of alle þe autentike grauntes þat ȝoure cherche haþ, i-graunted of oureur, γ.kepte, γ.withoute ony wemme, Cx.seid, α.; seide, β.þese, β. bis; þues, γ. bis.þese, β. bis; þues, γ. bis.he hadde, α., β.wiles, β.; wyles, γ.was ybowed for favour, β.; was ybowed vor favour, γ.; was bowyd other for favour, Cx.reule, from γ.; rule, β.; realme, MS.þe] om. β.Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro 3o. Kyng Henry had greet indignacioun þerof, and forbeedvorbud, γ.Willelmus de Ponti|ficibus, libro primo. Kyng Henries firste wyf was dede; þanne he weddede þe dukes douȝter of Lotharingia. In þe day of þe weddynge RaphRaaf, β. and Cx., et infra.wraþful, α.syȝ, β.y] om. α. and Cx.but he had smyten, Cx.veyr, γ.lauȝinge, β.; lauȝyng, γ.brydges, Cx.to broke, α., β., and γ.þewinge of þe iise, β.ys, γ.vlye, γ.flyȝ, β.; flye, Cx.harbrugh, γ.and] that, Cx.a grete toun, β.; a grete towne was, Cx.heve, Cx.to take, β. and Cx.Burdin, γ.Bacher, Cx.Gene, α., β., γ., and Cx.Florencius, β.; Florentius, Cx.y-yȝt, γ.rialich, β.; ryally, Cx.Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro 5o. Hereafter kyng Henry maried his eldest sone William to Fulcos his douȝter, duke of Angeo.Avioe, β.; Anioe, γ.; Angeo, from Cx.; Avynoun, MS.of] om. Cx.volfuld, γ.tre þat is kitt, β.of, α., β., and Cx.by, β.; yblend be þe, γ.wiþ þe] by, Cx.þerfore] for, β. and Cx.adreynt, β., γ., and Cx.Angeo, from Cx.; Avioun, MS.
THE secounde Kalixte was pope fyve ȝere and fyve monþes; he gadrede strengþe on every side, and took and prisoned Morys þe [forsayd]a rod and huld, γ.stude, β.Willelmus de Regibus, libro 5o. Aboute þis tyme bygan þe ordre Premonstracensis, þat is þe ordre of white chanouns, and bygan in þe diocise Landymensi,Landunensi, α.; Landunensy, β.; Laudunensy, Cx.Coleye, α.; Coloyn, β.vurste hue lurnde, γ.monchouns, β.heo, β.vul, γ.; fylle, Cx.desputyson, Cx.for] til, β.; vorto, γ.; till, Cx.by lawful, Cx.of, from α. and β.; þe, MS.and, α.ryal, β.were the heer under the ryal araye, Cx.barvoot, γ.Leynte, β.scaymes, β.; scoymes, γ.; squaymes, Cx.bocches, β.; boches, γ.; botches, Cx.versus, Cx.pyȝt, α.halt, β.pupel, γ.knowe, Cx.hue pelede here, γ.Willelmus de Regibus, libro 5o. The sixte day tofore De|cembre at BarefleetBarbeflet, γ.; Harfleet, Cx.gracyosliche, γ.adreynt, Cx.eorle of Chestre] om. α., β., and Cx.contas, γ.nece, β.bochour, β.; bochur, γ.; chorle bocher, Cx.clyve, β.al þe geest, β.; gest,.; geste, Cx.byvalle, γ.þey] and, β.was doo, α.clif, β.wuepe, γ.starte, β.; start, γ.overlade, α.; overladede, β. and γ.; overlode, Cxdrowned, Cx.yete of þe vysches, γ.Henricus, libro 7o. And me seiþ þat nyȝneiȝ, β.; nyȝ, from γ.; nyȝt, MS.Willelmus. And also þis William, þe kynges eldest sone, hadde i-manassed Englische men þat ȝif he were evere lorde over hem he wolde make hem drawe as oxen at þe plowȝ. [℞.]Willelmus de Regibus, libro 5o.
Anioye, β.; Angeo, Cx.drowned, Cx., et infra.Henry, α.his dower, α. and β.; hys dower, γ.Wodestode, Cx.adreynt, β.Huwe, γ.archbischop, β.; Raph archebyschop of Caunterbury dyede and, γ.deyde, β.relef, β., et infra; relyf, γ.above] þei beþ, β.; they be, Cx.Þues, γ.wyryȝede, α.; wyryed, β. and Cx.; wyryde, γ.distruyed, β.Henricus, libro 7o. Iohn, cardynal of Rome, come into Engelond, and made grevous proces aȝenst preostes concubynes, and seide þat it is a foulevoul, γ.ysonge, β.displesiþ, from β.; dypleseþ, γ.; dysplesyth, Cx.; despise, MS.tellyn, Cx.wif, α.no] þe, from β.; om. γ.; the, Cx.; no, MS.seyþ, γ.prisoned, β.; emprysoned, Cx.vleyschlyche, γ.at þe laste also] om. Cx.þere] þe, β.; the, Cx.Godescal, β., γ., and Cx.emperys, γ.heo, β.so] soone, β. and Cx.Anioye, β.; Angeo, γ. and Cx.
WHEN þe ferþe Henry was i-goo,ago, β. and γ.dude, γ.not ellys, Cx.touk, γ.money, β. and Cx.ef hue, γ.and] from α., β., γ., and Cx.; but, MS.he] α., β., γ., and Cx.; sche MS.Mathys, Cx.Agricius, β. and γ.Helene, β. and Cx.; Helen, γ.Reme, β. and γ.Sycilya, Cx.Gernons, α.; Gercious, β. and Cx.xxv, β.; twenty, Cx.kynrade, β. and γ.cherles, α., β., and γ.rese, β. and γ.toles, α. and Cx.; tooles, β.; toules, γ.axe, β. and Cx.rese, γ. and Cx.bed and caught, β.start up of his bed, Cx.vynde, γ.Grymbald, β. and Cx.þues, γ.syghtes, Cx.asset, β. and γ.Dane, α.druythe, β.; druyþe, γ.fier, β.out of] into, β. and Cx.in to þe chenes, γ.Nychellus, Cx.Cumbremere, β.; Cumbremer, Cx.meved in, β.Henry dyeþ, β. and γ.; Henry deyd, Cx.deol, β. and Cx.wuepeþ, γ.; wepen, Cx.Greveth, Cx.of] in, β.þe] þis, β. and γ.; this, Cx.ful] for, Cx.welwiþ, β.; welweþ, γ.; welwith, Cx.luseþ, γ.name] man, Cx.Henricus, libro 8o. Whan kyng Henry was dede men demede of hym and spak freliche what þey wolde, as me dooþ of oþere men when þey beeþ dede. Some saide þat he passede oþer menwhen . . . men] bis in MS.bowayles, α.myche, β.avoide, β. and Cx.stynch, γ., et infra.boole, Cx.odour, Cx.Henricus, libro 7o. In þis kynges tyme oon Symon þe sone ofof] om. α.deen, from β., γ., and Cx.; mede, MS.i-smyȝten, α.; ysmytted, β. and γ.; spytted, Cx.eles, β.by hate, α., β., γ., and Cx.gonge, α., β., γ., and Cx.
WHAN þe firste kyng Henry was dede, Stephen eorle of BoleynBoloyn, β.an] om. Cx.and, MS.crownement, β.vansede, γ.voidede, β.; voyded, Cx.Danegold, α.; Danegilt, β.; vorȝeve þe Danegaelt, γ.; Dane|gylt, Cx.emplede, Cx.every, Cx.bilde, from β.; bylde, Cx.; hold, MS.of] om. Cx.Theobalde, α., β.,; Theobald, Cx.Giral|dus,
distinctione prima, capitulo 18o.o, Cx.þes felouȝ erl þes, γ.Theobaldus, Cx.sorful ys world, γ.yche, α.; Ich, β.þat] dar, Cx.I, Cx.hym dar ich not, β.gode, α.; goode, β. and Cx.Teyse, β. and γ.; Theyse, Cx.mouth, Cx.dude, γ.fewe, β.; vewe, γ.aȝeyne, α.til that, Cx.y ȝeve, β., bis.y ȝeve, β., bis.Vyse, β. and γ.; the Vyse, Cx.a worþ, γ.; he bycam, Cx.castels, β.fourty, Cx.marcȝ, α.bought, from Cx.; brouȝt, MS.Constauns, β.; Constans, γ.; Constaunce, Cx.Fontens, β. and γ.Pontfret, β.smellyng fol, γ.and] om. α.Webbeley, β.; Webbely, Cx.Duddeleye, β.of . . . Webelay] om. α. and Cx.Angeo, from γ. and Cx.; Avyoun, MS.byhyght, Cx.Henricus, libro 8o. Þanne in the monþe of IuylJul, γ.syege, Cx.and brak] to breke, Cx.a reden marys, α.; a reody marreys, β.; a reedy mareys, Cx.ich, β.mot, Cx.shal entre into the, Cx.nobley, β.fals oþ, β.; fals othe, Cx.mowe, γ.dedes, from γ. and Cx.; dayes, MS.hem, Cx.mot, β.dede, γ.Trevisa. Poetes feyneþ a god of wyn, and clepeþclepyn, Cx., bis.forth to speke, Cx.þat dooþ leccherie] om. α.; that is a good drynker, Cx.ben, Cx.and] om. α.yȝeve, β.hurde, γ.vul, γ.þat] there, Cx.vallyng, γ.; fayllyng, Cx.must, Cx.men, Cx.feble, β.; oppon febel, γ.beþ yspedde, β.habbeþ, γ.Roberts counseyll, Cx.leon, γ.to vulvulle, γ.awelde, Cx.sculkers, β.Walysch, γ.smytiþ, β.and forth goon tharowes, Cx.boundes, Cx.hervest, β.; harvost, γ.Surseter, γ.; Surcetre, Cx.þere þei, from β.; there they, Cx.; þerby, MS.Wiltoun, β.Albon, Cx.myght, Cx.yelde, Cx.pupel, γ.Heo, β.heo abode, β.; abode, Cx.or divided, β.; or dyvyded, add. Cx.hue, γ., et infra.eame, Cx.þat were al i-sched, wrongly inserted here in MS.strongly, Cx.Prens, γ.hors-bere, β.; hors bere, Cx.deliverauns, γ.destroubled, α.; dystourbed, Cx.revynge manslauȝt, β.; revynge manslauȝter and, α. and Cx.sullyng, γ.distruyed, β.fyll, Cx.coverd, Cx.yfrore, β.For] Therefore, β.syege, Cx.y-blynd, from α.; y-blend, β. and Cx.; wende, MS.yolden, Cx.usen, Cx.volwede, γ.; pursued, Cx.
AFTER þe secounde Innocencius þe secounde Celestinus was pope fyvevyf, γ.enleven, Cx.vurste, γ.chocen, Cx.a was ysacred, γ.sygned, Cv.cros, β.conseil, β.Henricus, libro 8o.nono, Cx.Ranulph, Cx.gylfolliche, γ.er, β.yolden, Cx.Wicum Malban, β.; Wycum|alban, Cx.y-keld, α.; ykeld, γ.; kylde, Cx.byfore, Cx.chuese, γ.; chesed, Cx.and] om. β., γ., and Cx.mele medled, β.; mele ymelled, γ.; mele medlyd, Cx.of werre] om. Cx., which reads by swerde and honger for robbyng, &c.Giraldus, distinctione prima, capitulo 18o. Lowys kyng of Fraunce cam homwardhamward, β. and γ.werþ seke, β.syke, γ.continence, α., β., γ., and Cx.counceilide, β.weynche, γ.vram, γ.to] om. α.chaaste, β.lybbe, γ.spousebrekyng, Cx.pot al in, γ.þat] a, Cx.reme habbe, γ.; reme have, Cx.vurste benefis, γ.prouffytes, Cx.þruw þe letters, γ.; lettres, Cx.habbe hys soul, γ.everech, β.day, α.in] on, Cx.þe] that, Cx.wold, Cx.We wolleþ gladlich, β.ur vastynge wol we, γ.prouffyte, Cx.profitiþ myche, β.al þe] every, Cx.al weke so mych, β.potte, γ.; putte, Cx.þe, α. and Cx.versfyour, γ.; vercifyour, Cx.style, Cx.and] a, Cx.vader, γ.
ut patet per versum.ut . . . versum] om. α. and Cx.to saye, Cx.unkunde, γ.vorvader, γ.Huwe, β.an perfiȝt, α.; parfite, β.; par|fyght, Cx.bisiliche, β.ceese, β.cryyng, γ.oubleye, Cx.vorȝeve, γ.with] om. α. and γ.haaf, β.; heved, Cx.have op hys hondes, γ.vansede, γ.wole, β.wene, α.it . . . seide] om. α. and Cx.aweye, Cx.verrey, β.hem, Cx.hit silf, β.; went in by hit self, Cx.newe] many, Cx.noviciorum, Cx.þat is i-cleped] om. Cx.Didascalicon, β.; Dydascaly|con, Cx.Forst, β.Vorst and ys was, γ.Temse, β.Temse. Þis yere maister, Cx.Bononia, Cx.Peres, Cx.Peres Lumbard, γ.sauter, β.; gloosed the sauter, Cx.Poules, β. and Cx.
AFFTER Conradus þe firste Frederik was emperour of Al|mayns and of Romayns seven and þritty ȝere. After pope
a grevous enemy, β., γ., and Cx.huld wyþ vour, γ.eche, Cx.aflowe, β.; fledde, Cx.Boemes, β. and Cx.y-pot, γ.þanne, β.; Than, Cx.tweyne, Cx.destruyed, β.downe, Cx.grete] om. Cx.Lumbardus, γ.prayd, Cx.in, Cx.adreynt, β.drowned in, Cx.noblete, β.; nobelte, γ.Clervaulx, Cx.vurste yved, γ.moders mylk, Cx.was ordeyned, β. and Cx.mankuynde, γ.unnethe that he, Cx.aferde, Cx.furde voule, γ.his, Cx.taste, Cx.boter, β.; botter, Cx.sygge þat hym saverede, γ.him, Cx.lurnde, γ.veldes, γ.; feldes, Cx.þat he had, add. β.vylþe, γ.he hade oft, Cx.novyce, Cx.bene] om. β.Ef ȝe hyȝeþ, γ.; Yf ye hye, Cx.leveth, Cx.worl, γ.intre, γ.man] om. Cx.was founde, Cx.thre, Cx.þis] his, β.; hys, γ.saide, α.aryse, Cx.other mennes dome, Cx.ich, β.dude, γ.myraclis, β.buylded, Cx.þrescore, β.worl, γ.Gernons, α.; hight Gercious, Cx.vurde, γ.Steven, Cx.Faversham, β.he buylded, Cx.; up, add. β.y-buld op of, γ.Owen, Cx.nede, γ.of, add. β.Ludene, Cx.sayd byfore, Cx.book] om. Cx.o of þe wondres of Irlond.
WHENThanne, Cx.vurste, γ.Anjoye, β.; Ageo, γ.; Angeo, Cx.That, Cx.ur wyt and ur, γ.somwhat, Cx.bryst, α.; fas and brust, γ.fleschy, β.but, Cx.alledge, Cx.of] wiþ, β.; with, Cx.wiþ, α.renable, β. and Cx.; renabel, γ.knyȝt, α. and Cx.when] om. α.while he was, α. and Cx.whanne he had efte surte no man, β.; whanne a hadde efte surte, γ.; and whan he hadde efte suerte noo man, Cx.cruwel, β.famylers, α.privyte, β.feiþ, β.; feyth, Cx.changehabel, γ.hamer, β.unkuynde, γ.norsede, γ.have love] aloon, β.; alone, γ. and Cx.me, β.; men, Cx.þat,.kunneþ, β.; cunneþ, γ.; can, Cx.by, Cx.innede, γ.ilondes, β.; ylondes, γ.; Ilandes, Cx.oon, β.; one, Cx.Angeo, Cx.Chynon in Toureyne, Cx.vul, γ.forto sygge, γ.lyte, γ.ynowȝ, β.þe] þis, β.eur, β. and γ.chosen, β. and Cx.worcher, β.happyd, Cx.ungraciousliche, β.; ungra|ciously, Cx.repentauȝt, α.ellus vor, γ.cruwel bochour, β.; cruwel bo|cheur, γ.vram hure, γ.forbad, Cx.Johan, β. and Cx.Scicil, Cx.Also two, α.; Also his twey, Cx.conversacion, Cx.weren, α.an] om. β.of þis, α.; of these, Cx.and] þat, β.strengþe vansede away þat, γ.; the strength vanysshed aweye that, Cx.loste, α.; lost, β. and Cx.þe citees, add. β.Cenomanniaca, α.byȝunde, γ.dude, γ.rial, β.messagers, Cx.yeven, Cx.Huwe, β. and γ.Chartherous, Cx.ysseu, γ.me, β.; men, Cx.on] in, β. and γ.lif, β. and Cx. wrongly.countesse, β.; contas, γ.Angeo, Cx.Heo wolde seelde, β.; Hue wolde selde, γ.heo, β.heede, β.heo, β.hue, γ. (quater).holden, Cx.lift, β.flyȝ, β.; fleuh, Cx.atte chirche wyndow, Cx.come, β., and Cx. bis.kunde, γ.come, β., and Cx. bis.vol pes, γ.of my ryȝt, Cx.of my ryȝt, Cx.an] in, β. and Cx.hyr, Cx.moeved, Cx.iirauntrie, β.; tyraundys, γ.; tyrauntrye, Cx.Sagre, Cx.þues Alienor, γ.of fornfaders, Cx.Peytow, β.; Peytowe, Cx.raveste, γ.schirreves, β.; vicounte, γ.; shyrreves, Cx.lyvyng, Cx.avayled, β.; availed, Cx.þat on plas was left unpeynt, γ.breddes, γ.cratched, Cx., bis.torent, β. and Cx.clouwes, γ.of þe kyng] hym, Cx.þues, ., bis.þues, ., bis.wole, β.pursywe, γ.ich love, β.; I love, Cx.
AFFTER Anastasius, þe ferþefourth, Cx.comyn, β.somtyme] om. β.he myght be, Cx.t, α.clergi, γ.Wormacia, β., γ., and Cx.he was, Cx.Sicil, β.and compelled hym to submitte hym to his grace. Þis was þe first pope þat woned, add. β.In, α.yseye, γ.was] is, β.abbay, Cx.Ruthlan, β.; Rutland, Cx.Basyngwerk, β. and Cx.sokered, β.; sukerde, γ.; so|cured, Cx.Ioachym, β.; Joachim, γ.; Joachyn, Cx.Apocalips, β.; Apocalypsis, Cx.þat] and, β. and Cx.þat] of, β.of, Cx.þe] om. β.is, α., β., and Cx.decretales, α.; decretals, β. and Cx.cerkels, γ.Pyers, Cx.Piers Comestorye, α.þe] om. α., β., and Cx.hight, Cx.oppon, γ.Auroica, Cx.Raph, β. and γ.; Raaf, Cx.Coleyn, β.; Colayn, γ., bis.Coleyn, β.; Colayn, γ., bis.
Þat is to menynge: þe ȝere of oure Lord enleven hondred and seventy Thomas deide by a swerd primat of Englische men. Anoþer seiþ in þis manere:
An Englische manman] om. β. and Cx.vlok, γ.
Þat is to menynge: for Cristes spouse, in Cristes tyme, in Cristes temple, Cristes trewe lyverlover, α. and Cx.; lovyer, β.lovyer dyeþ, γ.Giraldus. After his deeþ þe kynges fortune bygan to wiþdrawe, for þe ȝere after þe kyng wente into Irlond þat he hadde myȝtelichemyghtely, Cx.plas, γ.Cassil, Cx.þere, α., β., and Cx.Armarch, γ.; Arnach, Cx.þat ylond, β. and γ.; al that yland, Cx.truwe, γ.teþing, β.; teþyng, γ.; tethyng, Cx.all] om. Cx.neiȝbors, β.childern a scholde, γ.detty, β. and γ.; hys dettys, Cx.meobles, β. and Cx.is] schuld be, β.; sholde be, Cx.on] in, β. and Cx.; an, γ.in tweyne, Cx.for] bycause that, Cx.Cardef, Cx.stonde, Cx.pal, γ.tonsour, Cx.Duchys, β.Good old kyng," and þan he told forþ his tale in þis wise: "Crist greteþ þe and his moder childe,mylde, α. and β.; myld, Cx.Joon Baptist, β.; Iohan Bap|tist, Cx.servyle, β. and Cx.þe, α., β., and Cx.þat nediþ to þe use of greiþinge of mete, β.; to þe use of greyþyng of mete, γ.; oute take doynge that nedith to the usage of dyghtynge of meete, Cx.begynnest, Cx.Freyns, γ.cherle, β.; cherl, γ.; chorle, Cx.ymet, β. and γ., bis; hath ydremed, Cx.on] an, β.vorseyde, γ.ymet, β. and γ., bis; hath ydremed, Cx.tyþyngus, γ.vansede, γ.the thre yeres, Cx.Gaufred, Cx.reysed, Cx.oþer] om. Cx.by al] therby, Cx.Yrysch, γ.trewe priveliche] pryvy, Cx. were most privy, β.; were most prive, γ.Chesterby, α.; Chestreby, β. and Cx.Vreynse, γ.ef a dude, γ.worshipfully, Cx.of] and, Cx.þat he schuld do riȝt wiþoute mede, þe sixte, β.; þat a scholde do ryȝt wiþoute myde, þe syxte, γ.Juwes, γ.þe] om. β.roos, α.Alnewye, γ.and, wrongly inserted in MS. om. γ.now from β. and γ. nouȝt MS.and lyved now openly, Cx.spousbruche, γ.weynche, γ.at, from α., β., and Cx. α MS.wonder slilyche, α.; wonder slyȝlich, β.; slylych, γ.; slyly, Cx.dudulus, α.vynde, γ.
Þat is, Here lieþliþ, β.weynche, γ.geauntes, β.vyȝteþ, γ.; geauntes fyghtyn, Cx.startleþ, γ.; startlyn, Cx.vlueþ, γ.; fleyn, Cx.lepeþ, β. and γ.; leepe, Cx.withoute ony mannes moevynge, Cx.
ALSO þis ȝere at ȝork, þe twelfþetwellyfth, Cx.dide, β.; made, γ.own] om. Cx.lettres, β.; letters, γ.lygiauns, γ.fewty, Cx.þerto, β.; they be therto, Cx.aulter, Cx.be] om. α., β., and Cx.fey, β.heyhely, Cx.chese, γ.; cheese, Cx.rote, Cx.eiȝte, β.; eyȝte, γ.; eyght, Cx.al] þe, β.tofore, α. and β.poursue, Cx.þre, β.; thre, Cx.thre, Cx.a passed, β.and] an, β.; in, Cx.an ydel, γ.gylfol, β. and γ.; gyleful, Cx.reuler, γ.; reguler, Cx.monchons, β., bis; mynchens, γ., bis; menchons, Cx., bis.monchons, β., bis; mynchens, γ., bis; menchons, Cx., bis.symplech, β.; semplelyche, γ.Charthous, β.; Chartrous, Cx.and of Angcoy] om. β. and Cx.þues, γ.recused, β.þues wynche, γ.Huguncio, Cx.divorse, β.sche, α.moder] om. α., β., γ., and Cx.hym, β. and Cx.þues weynche, γ.erldoms, β. and γ.Angeo, Cx.bycause, Cx.grisliche, β.a grisely wreth, Cx.eorne, γ.hawel, β. and γ.; hayel, Cx.Mary] om. β. and γ.Maudelaynes, α.; Maudeleyn, Cx.Giraldus, distinctio 16. Þis tyme, þat was in oure tyme, kyng Arthures body [was founden]afer, β.; a ver, γ.; fer, Cx.two, α. and Cx.heye, β.; hygh, Cx.i-marked, α. and γ.; marked, β. and Cx.ook, α.; oke, β. and Cx.; holuȝ oke, γ.whoche, γ.ich handled, β.I radde] redde, α.; rad, β.; radde, γ.; radde and handled, Cx.Hic jacet sepultus inclitus rex Arthurus cum Wennerva uxore sua secunda [in]insula Avalona: þat is, here lyþ i-buried þe nobil kyng Arthur wiþ his secounde wyf WennerverWennever, α., β., γ., and Cx.þe ilond of] om. Cx.ȝelowe tresses, β.; ȝelou tresses, γ.; yelow tresses of the womans heere, Cx.here, β.; her, γ.vreysche, γ.huw, γ.fel] to fil, β.y-herd, α.; herde, β. and Cx.oke, β.; holow oke, Cx.vot, γ.duepe, γ.he, Cx.Arthur his schyne, α.; schyn, β.thenne, Cx.lynguste, γ.than, Cx.yen, γ.seen, β.Huwe, γ.Omnis honoris honos, decor et decus urbis et orbis;" þat is, [Worschip]Worschyp, γ.feyrnes, α.; veyrnes, γ.worl, γ.Mi|licie splendor, gloria, lumen, apex;" þat is, toto] om. α., β., γ., and Cx.Julius ingenio, virtutibus Hector, Achilles viribus, AugustisAugustus, α., β., and Cx.moribus, ore Paris;" þat is, Julius in witte, Ector in vertues, Achilles in strengþe, Augustus in þewes, Parys in mouth.
THIS ȝere whan Richard archebisshop of Canturbury was dede, Baldewyn bisshop of WircestreWyrcetre, Cx.Þan] om. α., β., and Cx.axide, β.quaþ hue, γ.vleysch, γ.ne] om. Cx.nadde, β.knowe, α.; cowe, β.denes, α.; deenes, β. and Cx.; dyens, γ.haveþ, α.sche, α. and Cx.; heo, β.; hue, γ.vurde, γ.convent, Cx.hous and cherche, α. and β.were buyld, Cx.monkes, β. and Cx.ordeyned, Cx.monkes, β. and Cx.buldes, α.; buyldes, β.; byld|yng, Cx.Lamphythe vaste, γ.avorne, γ.þat] þe, β.; the, Cx.Baudwyn, Cx.þe, α.hym] om. Cx.made, Cx.pot, γ.vorsake, γ.; forsake, Cx.ham, γ., bis.be] the, Cx., bis.be] the, Cx., bis.hem, α. and β.; theym, Cx.axed, α.; axeþ, β.prins, γ., bis.man, Cx.is, β.Hederto β; Huderto, γ.munde, γ.yolden, Cx.sawe, Cx.dudest, γ.vor me ys as luf, γ.lef be slayn, β.love thyn, Cx.pupel, γ.folewiþ, β.schullen, α.; hy scholdeþ, γ.; shal, Cx.þe] om. β.nobil, α.; noble, Cx.wyst, Cx.whoche, γ.Walysch, γ.Itincrarius, Cx.Itenerarius . . . hatte] om. α.Dunstaple, Cx.sawe, Cx.sye ur Lord, γ.eyr, β. and Cx.on, α. and Cx.the contesse, Cx.wydowe, Cx.in] and, Cx.Rychemond, Cx.drowned, Cx., bis.stomlede and ful, γ.drowned, Cx., bis.Sicilia, α. and β.the, Cx.and . . . Richard] om. Cx.fil, β.; vul, γ.of dymes, α., β., γ., and Cx.and, α., β., and Cx.subarbes, α., β., and Cx.; su|burbarbes, γ.afuyr, β.; avuyr, γ.for, α. and β.; bycause, Cx.habbe, γ.lye, β.; layte, Cx.citee, α.; cite, β.; cyte, Cx.God] om. β.ich, γ.worl, γ.benyme, Cx.and his rewme, β.; regme, γ.; and his royamme, Cx.ony, Cx.vredom, γ.Cynonens, Cx.briborye, α.; brybury, γ.coveryd, Cx.byȝunde, γ.Angeo, Cx.noseþurlles, γ; nosetherles, Cx.ffisses, α.; fisches, β.; fysshes, Cx.vouȝte, γ.
KYNG Henry is deed at Fontenbraud,Fontenebraud, β.; Fontene|brad, γ.; Fonteverard, Cx.Steven, Cx.nouȝt, β.y-studed, γ.redyly, Cx.dayes] om. Cx.by . . . bileve] om. α. and Cx.Juwes, γ., et infra.þat] om. α. and β.hadden, β.perside, β.; presede, γ.; pressed, Cx.ȝate, α.vuest, γ.; fyste, Cx.rabbisch, β.; rabyssh, Cx.rabysch pupel, γ.sprang, Cx.tiþingis, β.; tyþyngus, γ.; thynges, Cx.and . . . staves] om. α., β., and Cx.brake, Cx.fledde, Cx.sonde, α.þe, α., β., and Cx.blemesched, β.; blemsede, γ.; blemysshed, Cx.of þe kyng] om. β.; α. and Cx. have "þe kynges begynnynge."gulty, γ.late, α.ful, from α.,β., and Cx.; foravoideþ, β.; avoydeth, Cx.gree, α.vurde del, γ.iȝeve him, β.i-] om. α.; yeven hym made him, Cx.desire, α. and β.; desyre, γ. and Cx.governaunee, Cx.rewme, β.twey lordes at ful, Cx.wil, α.þe] om. α. and γ.his . . . ne] om. α., β., and Cx.office, β.stude, β.wolde, α. and Cx.holiliche, β.þe] om. α. and γ.in] om. γ.God, Cx.atte volle, γ.spence, β. and Cx.bigge, β.; bye, Cx.ampted, β.; amptede, γ.vrendes, γ.Ich, β., bis.sille, γ.chepman, γ.they, Cx.hom] om. Cx.; home aȝen, α.i-fonge] om. α.; take, Cx.bynyme, α. and β.; byneme, Cx.whome, from Cx.; whan, MS.governynge, α., β., and Cx.Dunstaple, Cx.þarvram, γ.þey, α. and Cx.; þei, β.hy dwelde, γ.for, Cx.to] om. α., β., and Cx.welþe, α., β., and Cx.strengþe, α. and β.outrageous, Cx.and woo] om. Cx.veynes, Cx., wrongly.Stanfort, γ.y-piled, α. and β.; pylled, Cx.into, α.fled, Cx.þef, γ.wondres, α.of, α., β., and Cx.vals syȝtes of vals toknes, γ.on, α. and Cx.louȝ, α. and β.; lough, Cx.vorbud, γ.the] om. α., β., and Cx.and, from Cx.; þat, MS.reme, Cx.louȝ, α.comoun, α.; comyn, β. and Cx.horses, β. and Cx.allyes, β. and Cx.lowe, Cx.Troys, Cx.fro, Cx.electe, Cx.Novant, γ.; Hughe Novaunt, Cx.shadde, Cx.hoge, γ.; hughes, Cx.vol, γ.avalle, γ.prayed the pope of free orde|naunce, Cx.spences, β. and Cx.ywept, β.; wepte, Cx.no, α.disparpled, β. and Cx.to] of, β. and Cx.Hugo, β.; Hughe, Cx.seke, β.; syk, γ.lye, β. and Cx.
AFFTER Clement, þe þridde Celestinus was pope sixe ȝere and eiȝte monþes. Þe secounde day of his consecracioun he
saate, Cx.chaer, γ.veet, γ.bowide, β.riȝt . . . grounde] om. Cx.touk op, γ.the kyng, Cx.prived, β.; pryved, Cx.wrethyd neygh, Cx.comyn, β. and Cx.waare, Cx.Tykhille, β.; Tykhylle, Cx.a bischop, β.; I take the bisshop not a bisshop, Cx.pledges, Cx.grutchyd, Cx.vast, γ.erle, Cx.chaced, β.freely, Cx.wommans, β.cloþ, γ.; womans cloth, Cx.helede, α.; heled, β.; coveryd, Cx.the moost part, Cx.kevercheves, γ.clyf, Cx.sullyng, γ.meteyerde, Cx.scape, α. and γ.; slyly escape, Cx.sille, β.; sulle, γ.man, α.reulyng, γ.reuling of þe rewme, β.; of the royamme, Cx.choce, Cx.amendemente, Cx.bylort, γ.veyr, γ.Elyanor, Cx.sayle, Cx.þat] the, Cx., bis.þat] the, Cx., bis.unpunsed, γ.lyon, Cx.griffons, β. and Cx.; gryphones, γ.Mategryphun, α.; Mategriffon, β.; Mategryffons, Cx.took, α.; toke, β. and Cx.was goon, Cx.in] of, β.ȝylde, α.; ȝeelde, β.; yelded, Cx.ȝulde, α.; yelde, Cx.boundes, Cx., bis.yr, γ.bulgyd and thyrled, Cx.neþer, α. and Cx.; þurlede hyt in þe neþer, γ.bulgide and þirled hit in þe neþer side, β.vul, γ.þat was made bitwene hem at Turon þe kyng of Fraunce cha|lengide half þat was y-wone in Ci|pres. Kyng Richard aȝenseide, and seide þat þe covenaunt, β. and γ.laye, Cx.neodeþ, β.takyth, Cx.Guy, Cx., et infra.þey, α. and Cx.; þei, β.Grekysshe, Cx.vur, γ.oost, α.; hoost, Cx.by, α., β., and Cx.Markys, Cx.soudan, β. and Cx.; sauden, γ.
WHANÞanne, β.; Than, Cx.Juyl, α., β., and Cx.Austryge, α.; Austrige, β.; Austrych, Cx.on, β.cannot telle, Cx.Austrege, α.; Austryche, Cx.ven, γ.; feen, Cx.forto, α.and . . . Fraunce] om. α.hyng, γ.and . . . Fraunce] om. α.eyr, β.; aer, γ.; eyer, Cx.his, from Cx.; he, MS.þeeves, β.; twy þueues, γ.; theves, Cx.vondede to potte, γ.wroken upon kyng, Cx.none, α. and Cx.; noon, β.though, Cx.men, Cx.till, Cx.men, Cx.on, α. and Cx.it, Cx.messagers, Cx.habbe, γ.hir, β.hym, Cx.weynche, γ.vorsoke, γ.unsemely, Cx.þe] om. α.defout, γ.spence, β. and Cx.y-huyred þeeves, β.; y-hyred þeves, γ.; theves, Cx.conspired, from α., β., and Cx.; aspired, MS.Sauden, γ.bytraye, Cx.and] om. α., β., and Cx.forto, α. and β.hamward, β.þat þe] of, γ.hygh, Cx.retcheth but lytel, Cx.worlyche, γ.savacion, β.; savacyon, γ.sorwe, α.; sorowe, β.volvulle, γ.passede, from γ.; passeþ, MS.passed so ther sped, Cx.here, α.; her, from β. and Cx.; the, MS.; he, MS.mankuynde, γ.þerynne] om. α., β., and Cx.of, α., β., and Cx.dude, γ.one sayde, from Cx.; on syde, MS.veawe, γ.rabbyshly, Cx.vew, γ.habbeþ, γ.ben, α.neglygent, Cx.but, Cx.
WHANÞanne, β.; Than, Cx.three, Cx.Sauden, γ.ȝude to þe sepulker, γ.oyst, β., γ., and Cx.tweye quenes, α., β., and Cx.; twy queenus, γ.her] hir, β.; his, Cx.neygh, Cx.vew, γ.til, Cx.hidde, β.; hyd, Cx.men, Cx.purvyans, γ.Austryche, Cx., et infra.part, Cx.profit, β.; prouffyte, Cx.Trinallis, β.; Trivallis, γ.; Tryvallis, Cx.bouwed, γ.trist, β.to, α. and Cx.hoope, Cx.sent, α. and β.regme, γ.; royame, Cx.raunsone, Cx.comen, β.oon] om. Cx.Marton. Cx.somwhat, Cx.hem, β.his] om. Cx.founded to, Cx.vondede torne, γ.vast, γ.monkes, Cx.plas, γ.provendes, Cx.nouȝt] om. β., γ., and Cx.þuder, γ.raþer, α.hy þruwe hit doun, γ.unparfyght, Cx.many, β.; meny, γ.Trevisa. It semeþ þat Baldewyn was wel avised þat Crist was heed of holy cherche, and his apostles hyȝeheyghe, Cx.never, Cx.he, α.; þei, β.þeyȝ, α., they, Cx.he, α.wol, α. and Cx.; wole, β.men, Cx.flatery, α.huld, γ.teone, α. and β.Januar, Cx.pledges, Cx.ȝut, γ.vessels, β. and Cx.seyntene, α.; seventene, β.y-molt, β.; and gold of seven|tene shrynes y-shave and molten, Cx.noþer, α. and Cx.vredom, γ.Bote] om. Cx.tweie] om. β.volle, γ.Suinam, α.; Swynne, Cx.emperour his men, α.almest, γ.forthought, Cx.heelde, β.; helde, Cx.heelde, Cx.Ester, β. and γ.; Eester, Cx.crownyng, β. and Cx.graunted, α., β., and Cx.profythabel, γ.þouȝ, β.truwe, γ.able, α. and β.; make hable, γ.
ABOUTE þat tyme oon Stevene, procuratour of Angeoy,Anjoye, β.55 he supposed þat þe kyng, þat was tender of body, schulde be overcome wiþwiþ . . . come] om. α.wiþ . . . come] om. α.rabbyschliche, α.axe, Cx.where, α.Stevyn, γ., et infra.ich ever, β.; ever, Cx.How . . . spirit] om. α.How . . . spirit] om. α.Ich dyȝe, γ.quoþ, β.axe, α. and β.non veþeres, γ.for a feþer, β. vor veþer ys, γin] a, β.boldlyche, γ.; boldly, Cx.his, from α., β., and Cx. hire MS.gylfol, γ.valse, γ.R.] om. α.befell, Cx.heelde, β.staat, α.habbe, γ.Grece, β. and Cx., bis.Grekes, β. and Cx.hurde, γ.widewe, β.prust, γ.kyng . . . Richard] om. α.duc of Austryche, Cx.kyng . . . Richard] om. α.tyraunt, Cx.Godus dome, γ.y-barnd, γ.brynkes, β. and Cx.druyde, α.veldes, γ.his, from β. and Cx.; þe MS.vot, γ.and was] om. γ.sawe, Cx.asoyled, γ.swerye, γ.othe, Cx.saaf, β.; sauf, Cx.case, γ.adred, α.; aferd, Cx.valle, γ.ȝiftes, MS.Wolt þou nylt þou, β.; Wolt thou nylt, quoth he, Cx.þruwe, γ.and . . . heed] om. α.arouted, β. and Cx.Ich, β., tris.Ich am a vend, γ.Ich, β., tris.Ich, β., tris.by, from Cx.; be MS.lutenant, β.; levetenaunt, γ.; lieutenant, Cx.in, Cx.
ABOUTE þat tyme were tweyne þat fondede,þat fondede] om. α.; founded, Cx.prouffyte, Cx.Cadonensis, Cx.chasted, Cx.contrayes, α. and Cxlybbe, γ.rychesse, Cx.warent, α.; warraunt, Cx.Februar, β. and Cx.sompne, α.; somne, β.; somme, Cx.fol, γ.sawe, Cx.Men sayn, Cx.þe, α.kundlych rabyschnes, γ.here, β. and Cx.; hure, γ.spence, β. and Cx.y wont, α.; wont, β.pupel, γ.venymouslich, β.; venymously, Cx.hougelyche, γ.lovye, α.; lovy, β.bywychched, γ.; bywytched, Cx.comyn purvyour, γ. and Cx.he] om. α.jentel, α.; iantyl, γ.seie, α.; sey, β.; sygge, γ.; say, Cx.grucchide, β.and] om. α.vor a was truwe, γ.wont, α. and Cx.trustly, Cx.tiþingis, β.; tyþyngus, γ.ȝork, α.regm, γ.; royamme, Cx.vorto potte, γ.pepul, α.saveour, β., et infra.teme, β. and Cx.clechiþ, β., et infra; kycheþ, γ., et infra; drawe, Cx.habbeþ, γ.drawe ye, Cx.heelful, β.; helefol, γ.; heele|ful, Cx.divide, β., bis; dyvyde, Cx.divide, β., bis; dyvyde, Cx.departe, β. and Cx.Hubert, Cx.men, Cx.ysomned, γ.; somned, Cx.neschere, β.; nayscher, γ.; softir, Cx.by tweye, α.; by two, Cx.vew, γ.þe] om. Cx.atte Bowe, β.pledgys, Cx.boden, Cx.by fier, β.; vuyr, γ.mauegre, γ.forkitte, β.; forkytte, Cx.men seyn, Cx.seke, β.of, Cx.anon. Ryght this, Cx.pupel, γ., bis.þeevelich, β.; þevelyche, γ.; pryvely, Cx.bibled, β.tiþingis, β.slyȝ, β.woke there by nyght, Cx.þuder, γ.þe dede, α., β., and Cx.mych, β.bywicched, α. and β.; bywitched, Cx.nadde, β. and γ.; nad, Cx.hyde, γ.as, α., β., and Cx.shreven mekely, Cx.vorsouk, γ.wayte, α.; vanyte, β., γ., and Cx.vul, γ.þe] m. Cx.stidefast, β.; stutefast, γ.strenger and strenger, α.; strynger and stringer, γ.; strenger, Cx.vanyschiþ, β.; vanysshed, Cx.regme, γ.; royamme, Cx.slyȝþe, γ.; sleyght, Cx.þat, β.bigan, β.
THAT tyme oon Fulco, an holy preost in Gallia, cam to kyng Richard and seide, "Kyng, to þe I seiesaye, β.maryee, β.þyn, α.þe byfalle, α.; the befall, Cx.Ich, β.Ych, γ.chirche, Cx.syȝ, β., sawe, Cx.; om. γ.and] om. γ.Rees, β. (et somper), and Cx. Res, γ., et infra.eye, Cx.honeste, α., β., and Cx.Hectors, Cx.Parys his fairnes] om. Cx.; veyrnes, γ.þe] om. β.folvullyng, γ.bidde] do, γ.in, Cx.felawe, β.love, Cx.fas, γ.þe] om. β. and Cx.Rees, Cx.hit silf, β.ȝif, β.men axe, Cx.axes and pouder, β. and γ.; asshes and pouder, Cx.y-hidde, β.hyd, but he is unhylled, Cx.prowes, β.; prowesse, Cx., bis.
AFTER Celestinus, þe þridde Innocent, þatwas pope, transposed to here in α.Peres, α., β., and γ.; Pyers, Cx.ches, β.treytourlyche, γ.voȝt, γ.and] om. α.ferþe, β.regne, Cx.victorye, β.; victory, from Cx.; victor, MS.vicecomyte, β.; vicond, γ.Lemonik, β.; Lemonke, Cx.refusede, α. and Cx.vicecomites, β.; vycount, γ.Brabant, Cx., et infra.feblenesse, β.; febles, γ.Gurdroun, α.; Gurdon, β. and γ.; Guedon, Cx.alblastrer, γ.; albalaster, Cx.an] om. Cx.schefte, β.; scheft, γ.yre, β. and γ.þe] and, Cx.senewes, β.; synewes, γ.dide Ich, β.vadyr, γ.twy, γ.heet and] om. Cx.suffre] om. Cx.schyllynges sterlyng, Cx.huld, α.; y-huld, β. and γ.; flayn, Cx.an] om. Cx.a þre, α. and β.manere, β.
Þat is, "Þy bowels beeþben, Cx.Roen, Cx., and it is written between the lines as a translation in γ.
Þat [is]:þeef, β.; þef, γ.the, Cx.metayl, γ., bis.þou] om. α.lyst, α.wepen, β. and Cx.; vor wepen, γ.wepen, β. and γ.Trevisa.]þat hrȝte, γ. that was callyd, Cx.
KYNG Richard deide wiþ oute children, and his broþer, þat
lond, α., β., γ., and Cx.Anioye, β.Giffrai, γ.of Chynon in Tureyn, Cx.helde, β.Artur, Cx.þere, α.; the lond there, Cx.Giffrai, γ.loove, α.countesse, β. and Cx.at, α. and Cx.at Ester, β. and γ.; Eester, Cx.Roen, Cx.gird, β.an] on, β. and Cx.prout, γ.habbeþ yhurd, γ.; have herde, Cx.bote nevere, from γ.; but never, β. and Cx.; and, MS.an, α. and β.torne, Cx.londes, from β., γ., and Cx.; lordes, MS.lyge, γ.londes, α. and β.Angeo, Cx.Peytow, β.dyvorse, β. and Cx.; dyvors, γ.solemliche, β.kynrade, γ.degre, α. and β.; degree, Cx.kyng, add. Cx.eorle his] om. Cx.Engolosym, Cx.teeme, β.; tem, γ.schillyngis, β.countesse, β. and Cx.of Feneger, β. and Cx.; Fen|gere, γ.wenen, Cx.Men trowyn, Cx.Tartres, β.preter, β., γ., and Cx.Freyns, γ.leeve, β.; leve, Cx.entride, β.duble, γ.men, Cx.renewide, β.theym to be take, Cx.comfort, β.evelede, α. and Cx.; eveled, β.hawel, β. and γ., bis.hawel, β. and γ., bis.ymelled, γ.cornes, β.shende, Cx.vle, γ.vuyry, γ.; fuyer, Cx.hous fuyre, α.Huwe, β.Develun β.; Dyvelyng, γ.Ragne, β., γ., and Cx.þo] soo, Cx.purskervere, α. and Cx.; purs|kerver, β. and γ.y-clyȝt, α. and γ.; was lame, Cx.and] om. Cx.pupel, γ.byȝunde, γ.Chartrous, Cx.þat hym] he, Cx.soche, γ.voules, γ.veeche, γ.Flai, α., β., and γ.; Flaye, Cx.myrakels, γ., bis.twy, γ.todes, Cx.asses, α., β., and Cx.flyed, Cx.eyr, Cx.foores, β.leeve, β.in] on, Cx.houk, γ.ryppe, α.; rip, β.; ryp, γ. rype, Cx.vyf, γ.another, Cx.sydes, γ.foure] om. Cx.vansede, γ.
AT Lammasse at þe castel of Myrabel, kyng John took and slowȝ his nevew Arthur, and prisoned his suster Elianore at Bristowe to hire lyves ende. Þerfore as it were for viloniefelonye, α. and Cx.; felony, β. and γ.Peytow, β. and Cx.and, Cx.vul, γ.þat, α.Ellesmere, β.; Ellesmer, Cx.þere] om. α.chose, Cx.Norwyche, Cx.undide, β.mastyves, β. and γ.; maistyves, Cx.Giraldus.]wont, β.versus, β. and Cx.endynge, from α., β., and Cx.; endyde MS.on his] oþeres, α. and β.; oþer hys, from γ.; others, Cx. on his MS.in his sleep] om. α., β., γ., and Cx.Ich wole, β.Destruet hoc regnum Rex regum."But ende þou it," quod Morys, "for þou hast almost i-made
versus, β and Cx.knyȝt, from β.; knyght, Cx.; A y se quaþ þe knyȝt, γ.; kyng MS.Destruet hoc regnum Rex regum duplicedupplici, β.; dupplice, γ.plaga." Þat is, "Kyngene KyngKyng of kynges, β.; King of kyng, Cx.royamme, Cx.duble, γ.þere] þys ȝere, γ.; this yere, Cx.Leyceter, γ.Iohan, β.; Jouhane, γ.; Iane, Cx.refused, Cx.Langeton, γ.hiȝte, β.Albigenses, β. and γ.; Albi|gensis, Cx.onlyve, α.lavendres, β. and Cx.; laven|ders, γ.messagers, Cx.bilde, β.stryngþes, γ.and chargede hyȝliche, add. α. wrongly.chargide hyȝlich, β.; hyȝlyche, γ.buxom, β. and Cx; boxum, γ.siȝe, α.; sawe, Cx.and also by lordes of his owne londes, repeated here in MS.oblegide, β.; oblege, γ.Irlond, β. and Cx.heyres, α. and Cx.; eyres, β.faylde, γ.valle, γ.of, α., β., and Cx.þei, β., bis.he] a, γ.þei, β., bis.Peres of Pontfret, β.; Pont|fret, γ., et infra; Pyers of Ponfret, Cx.him shold fal, Cx.valle vor, γ.almest, γ.vrelich, γ.vrelyche, γ.þelke, γ.he, from α., β., and Cx.; and, MS.Peres, β.Pontfret, β.in the . . . pes] om. Cx.pupel, γ.nyghtes, Cx.Lowys, β.Freyns, γ.Innocentius, α., β., and Cx.is deed] deyde, α. and β.; deyd, Cx.loþe, β.of, Cx.Calix his, α.; Seynt Calyxt hys day, γ.; Calyxtes, Cx.Croghton, β., γ., and Cx.Wircetre, α., β., and Cx.queor, α. and β.comyn, β. and Cx.þat . . . seiþ] om. Cx.lof, β.at] worth, Cx.halpeny, γ.panes, γ.in fere] yfere, β.; yvere, γ.; both attones, Cx.
ANON a SymondisSymon his, α.; a seynt Symon hys, γ.; upon Saynt Symons, Cx.seint, Cx.syȝ, β.; saw, Cx.vyng, γ.Lewyde, β.huld, γ.Westmestre, Cx.come, α.of . . . castelles] om. α.Charteley, β. and Cx.; Char|teleye, γ.Beestoun, β.; Beeston, γ.; Beston, Cx.Delacresse, β. and Cx.; Deu|lacresse, γ.order, β. and γ.of . . . castelles] om. α.tallage, γ.; tollage, Cx.heyȝ, α.provende, Cx.urne, from γ.plas, γ.ferthe, β.soster, γ.On, β. and Cx.houses, β. and Cx.fuyry, β.; vury, γ.; fyry, Cx.vle, γ.hym and, γ.Alisaundre . . . Chestre] om. α., β., γ., and Cx.and] om. α., β., and Cx.eyres, β.myche, β.fiftenþe, α., β., and Cx.Mynors, γ.Fraunceys his, α., β., and γ.; Fraunceys, Cx.stryngþede, γ.twy, γ.his] om. β.þat were, repeated here in MS., but om. α., β., and Cx.in . . . emperour] om. α.myde, γ.apostlis, β.awelded, β. and Cx.a ferre wey, Cx.quoted, β. and Cx.; quotede, γ.Bybyl, γ.merkede, γ.endited, β. and Cx.; enditede, γ.deen, β.Weþereshed, β.; Withershed, Cx.a lettred man, Cx.noble] om. Cx.corporali, Cx.dysme, γ.stynch, γ.servauntes, Cx.vredoms, γ.fifteþe, β.catail, Cx.sayled, Cx.an] om. Cx.of] om. α.ham, γ.þis] om. Cx.Mablye, β. and Cx.Agnes, γ.Quynycy, Cx.Abendon, Cx.eiȝtenþe, β.; eyghtenth, Cx.bisshopriche] age, α.Pontney, β. and γ.Ponteneye in Burguyn, α.
FREDERIK þe emperour wedded Isabel, kyng Henries suster. Þat ȝere þe Iewes were i-brouȝt tofore þe kyng at Westmynstre,Westmestre, Cx.y-hud, γ.Norwich β.circumcided, from α., β., and Cx.; i-crucified, MS.on] to, β. and Cx.þe] om. α., β., γ., and Cx.chyldern, γ.eyres, β.and, α.voure sosters, γ.heet] om. β.Margarete, α.; Margaret, γ. and Cx.and] om. α. and β.Alayn, γ.into, MS.Galwey, γ.Bruys, α., β., and Cx.; Bruiȝ, γ.Octobonus, β., γ., and Cx., et infra.Octobon, β.Oseney, γ., et infra.forto, α. and β.; till, Cx.meyne, α.Abendoun, α.þe mysdoers and] om. β. and Cx.ungurd, γ.ungirde þurȝ, β.his in] om. Cx.; yn, α.cristned, Cx.folled Octobon, β.; vollede Oc|tobon, γ.hy, γ.twy, γ.the countray, Cx.pouþere, α.hulle, γ.þe se, β. and γ.; þis, MS.saveoure, α.Octobon, β.Ruthland, Cx.at, α. and β.Pontney, β.Abendon, Cx.vader, γ., bis.ladde, α., β., and γ.; lad, Cx.Mablie, β.; Mabili, γ.heo, β.here, γ.haberion, β.; the heer and an haberion, Cx.and] om. β. and Cx.the, α., β., and Cx.on, Cx.y, α.swowne, Cx.nadde, β.on, Cx.ȝede] was, β. and Cx.tumbe, γ.on] a, γ.vurste, γ.to] om. β. and γ.heer, β. and Cx.fasted, Cx.with, Cx.dayes, α.ar, γ.lurnde, γ.so] om. α.lewed, α.; lewd, Cx.tonsour, Cx.as] of, Cx.hayl, α., β., and Cx.luf, γ.I] om. α.plas, γ.seest, β. and Cx.; suxt, γ.vorhed, γ.ur, γ.boond, β.bond vast boþe hys, γ.vend, γ.sygge, γ.þis, α. and Cx.manaced, Cx.pawmere, β.; paumere, γ.; pawmer, Cx.and lytel, γ.aventred, Cx., bis.heo, from β.; cesse ar hue, γ.; he, MS.hue pot, γ.icchyng, β.; utchyng, Cx.And, α., β., and Cx.aventred, Cx., bis.art, α., β., and γ.hure, γ., et infra.sygge, γ.er, β. and Cx.his, from α., β., and Cx.; hys, γ.; hire, MS.to] om. Cx.asshes to asshes, Cx.þeeves, β.; theeves, Cx.rad, β.arithmetic, α., β., and γ.; arithmetryk, Cx.be, Cx.þues, γ.siche and siche, β.heo, β., bis.cerkeles, γ.hue, γ.vertues, α.bade, β.hyde, γ.fallace, β.; falace, Cx.waare, Cx.from, Cx.and hed, β. and γ.Wonesdaye, Cx.Septuagesima, β. and Cx.in] om. β.Leynte, β. and γ.y-closed, α., β., and γ.; closed, Cx.vleysch, γ., et infra.selde, Cx.knees, Cx.þre peyre, α. and Cx.advise, Cx.sygge, γ.salmes, β. and γ.prayeres and psalmes, α. and Cx.chaunge . . . wrecche. He woulde] om. Cx.teeme, β.chaunge . . . wrecche. He woulde] om. Cx.houses, β. and Cx.hure, γ.chalaunde, γ.vul, γ.hyer, Cx.be agoo] goo his wey, Cx.peynted, β.cosse, β.; kos, γ.procuratoryes, Cx.vul on þe pupel, γ.slepte, β.; sluep, γ.bibel, β.and syȝte] he sawe, Cx.van sede, γ.; vanysshed, Cx.heeres, β.; heres, γ. and Cx.heres, β.eny worme, β.; eny worm, γ.he] om. α.to, α.ur, γ.takiþ, β.schone, β.; hosene and schon, γ.; shone, Cx.hire hire] here, α. and Cx.; heere, β.; hure, γ.ynne, Cx.noþer, α.olif, β.hyldeþ, γ.to, α. and Cx.easy, Cx.but, γ.kneen, α. and β.; knen, γ.celers, γ.wymmen, Cx.Seygh, α.; Syȝ, β, and γ.; Sawe, Cx.heo, β., bis.hue, γ.Ich, βþat] om. α. and γ.me, α.forhed, β.; vorhed, γ.ne schulde] schulde nouȝt, α. and β.fangers, β.on] a, β.; in, Cx.Vreyns, γ.chapytre hous, Cx.hurlynge, α. and Cx.; hurlyng, β.; horllyng, γ.kuste ham, γ.þat, α.soke, γ.mot, β.; moote, Cx.nel, α.Y nel noȝt, γ.geten, α.loenge, Cx.togedders, γ.ef huy, γ.þan, α., β., and Cx.; þanne, γ.þan, α., β., γ., and Cx.kuyþe, γ.; kyth, Cx.comforte, Cx.of] om. β. and Cx.þat, β.þat, α.malys, γ.for] om. β. and Cx.Pontney, β.; Pontiney, γ.bihet, β.at] on, β. and Cx.; a, γ.auter, Cx.Ich, β., quinquies; Ych, γ., quater.Ich, β., quinquies; Ych, γ., quater.Ich, β., quinquies; Ych, γ., quater.ich, γ.Ich, β., quinquies; Ych, γ., quater.Ich, β., quinquies; Ych, γ., quater.weesche, β.; wuesch, γ.ȝe schulde, α.; ȝe schal, β.cleche, β.; ȝe schal kyche, γ.; drawe, Cx.ur, γ.
Affter Celestinus þe fourþeferthe, β.; vurde, γ.sees, β. and γ.Huwe, β. and γ.; Hughe, Cx.made a] om. α. and β.a] om. Cx.concordaunces, β. and Cx.Lugdun, β.; Lugnum, Cx.canonized, β.; canonysed, Cx.Juwe, γ.orchard, β., γ., and Cx.vond, γ.foond, β.as, β.sauter, γ. and Cx.treen, β.Grue, β.Grue, Ebrue, Cx.þe] om. β. and γ.worlles, γ.proprete, Cx.þrid, β.worl, γ.a] om. β., γ., and Cx.þe] om. α., β., and Cx.yfolled, β.; yvolled, γ.; cryst|ned, Cx.þan] om. α., β., and Cx.boschel, γ.schillyngis. Þat ȝere seynt, β.Þat yere was seynt Edmond, Cx.Mamfred, β.; Manifred, Cx.Sicil, β. and γ.; Scicile, Cx.kynges broþer, α.his] þe, β.procrede, γ.empyre, β.Turing, Cx.but, β. and Cx.; bote, γ.vesifiour, α.to sette] divided, β. and Cx.silabeles, γ.þis, β.; this, Cx.
Þat ȝere at Londoun was i-made a solempnesolempnel, Cx.Sauden, γ.veld, γ.And] om. α. and β.heerdes, α.; huerdes, β., γ., and Cx.hooly, add. Cx.þe parische] Parys, α., β., and γ.; Paris, Cx.sle, Cx.Gaskuyn, α.; Gasquyn, γ.harvost ful, γ.swolewe, β.; swolwe, γ.; swo|lowe, Cx.Grosted, α.; Grostet, β.; Gros|seteste, γ.ethiks, β.ynowȝ, β.; ynough, Cx.chanunrye, α.; chanonrye, β. and Cx.wiþ þe first þat voyded, β.; wyþ þe vurste þat voyded, γ.; with the fyrste that voyded, Cx.receyve, Cx.fonge, α., β., and γ.; receyve, Cx.siche, β.reule, γ.hym, Cx.somned, β.for] om. α.bed and reste, β.; bedde and reste, Cx.in the morow the, Cx.was founden, β.an holy, α.dude, γ.suffryd, Cx.Mont gomeryk, Cx.do, β.vyng, γ.; toke, Cx.boschel, γ.despysed, Cx.þe] om. Cx.Symon de Montfort, β.; de Montford, Cx.potte þues, γ.despysed, Cx.byȝunde, γ.þe] om. β.hoole, Cx.Manifredus, β., et infra; Ma|nyfredus, Cx., et infra.of Cecile] Cicil, α.; Sicil, β. and γ.; Scicile, Cx.vul, γ.on þe] at, α.a morowe, β.; op a morowe, γ.the Jewe deyd, Cx.
THIS ȝere fil strif bytwene þe kyng and þe lordes of Enge|lond, ffor þe kyng wolde not holde þe ordenaunces þat were i-ordeyned in þe parlement at Oxenforde. Ataboute, α., β., and Cx.John his, α.tyde] feste, β. and Cx.hulde, γ.word, α.goodes, α., β., and Cx.catayll, Cx.barouns, α.the, Cx.þues artykels, γ.repreved, β. and Cx.vorsouke, γ.broþer, α. and β.; broder, Cx.Leycetre, α.In þe Trinite eve, β.Mortmere, γ.hulle, γ.seeþ, α.; sawe, Cx.Lammasse, β. and Cx.; Lamb|mas, γ,wiþ] by, β. and Cx.by gylfol, γ.personnes, Cx.a dude, γ.Symon his, α.Kenelworþe, α. and Cx.; Ke|nylworþ, β.advoket, α.; avocat, β.; avoket, γ.; advocate, Cx.cheef of counseyls, Cx.Narbon, β. and Cx.in] and, β.bedes, α., β., and γ.; and hooly bedes, Cx.aqueynt, β. and Cx.; aqueynte, γ.Sicil, β. and γ.þei, β.; they, Cx.Ferrer, Cx.þanne . . . kyng] om. α., but the words are in Cx.þanne . . . kyng] om. α., but the words are in Cx.desherytet, γ,, et supra.myȝte paye for hem, α.acorsed] om. α., β., and Cx.portnens, β.; portnens acursyd, Cx.forbede, β.; vorbud, γ.; for|bode, Cxþe] om. α.till, Cx.had, Cx.ȝere, β.Armonie, β.; Armeni, γ.þe, α. and Cx.tresorye, α.twentyest, Cx.mennus, β.dismes, γ.a] om. α.Lugdune, α. and γ.; Lugdun, β.; Lugdnum, Cx.byhyte, γ.; promysed, Cx.these versus, Cx.of] om. α. and Cx.prustes, γ.as he dyd byfore, Cx.tueþyng, γ.dismes, γ.Sacfreres, β., γ., and Cx.Pontenay, Cx.fordide, β.; vordude, γ.; for|badde, Cx.Kilwarby, β.; Kylwerby, Cx.oppon, γ.disparpled, β. and Cx.; dys|parpled, γ.reuler of pylgryms, γ.pylgryms, Cx.I pray, Cx.meschyefs, Cx.pupel, γ.halower, Cx.him] here, α.; om. Cx.intre, γ.
EDWARD, kyng Henries sone, comecam, Cx.feng, β.; toke, Cx.het, β.Tarantacius, α.; Peter Taren|tasius, γ.alegge, β. and γ.; alledge, Cx.hatt, β.devers, γ.avounsede, γ.fyl doun sodenly, Cx.after] of, Cx.of þe vallynge, γ.Lewelyn, α., β., and Cx.Roþelan, α.; Ruthland, Cx.Mon, γ.punysshed, Cx.Juwes, γ., et infra.cryppynge, γ.ytake, β.suylle, γ.nother chaunge, Cx.newe coyne and] in coine, α. and Cx.ferdynges, Cx.folvuld, γ.sayth, Cx.bemed, Cx.Walysche, γ.were on, Cx.Luc his, γ.þe, α., β., and Cx.to] om. Cx.to] from β.versus in metre, Cx.
Þat is, "Here lieþliþe, β.Walsche, α., β., γ., and Cx.dedes and] om. α. γ., and Cx.pupel, γ.
Þat is, "Here liþelyeth, Cx.þuef, γ.set, Cx.dedes and] om. Cx.good, Cx.lawes to be holden, Cx.of the ordre of Menours, add. β.drouþe, α. and Cx.; druyþe, γ.ybarnd, γ.vur, γ.vrelich, γ.; frely, Cx.to, α.boschel, γ.þonderynge, α.; thundryng, Cx.yhurd, γ.but, γ.gresse, α.wexe, α.; wexed, Cx.durer, γ., bis.at London a busshel, Cx., et infra.an, α. and γ.buschel, β.verey valu, γ.siþþe, β.; suthe, γ.Norwych, β. and γ.aȝeyne, α.lyf, Cx.op, γ.
AFFTER þe deeþ of Alisaundre þe kyng of Scotlond, þat deide withoute children,chyldern, γ.chalengiden, β.al full, Cx.he] om. α. and β.; it, Cx.sarche, γ.Roger, γ.; Rogyer, Cx.Raph le bruys, Cx.þese, β.þues vorsede, γ.Adelstan, Cx., et semper.feute, β.Edward, Cx.Kinadius, γ.Scottes, α.self] om. Cx.vyng, γ.of] om. β.dude, γ.vader, γ.royam, Cx.ham, γ.is, Cx.it . . . fownde] om. α. and Cx.bulles, γ. and Cx.boxum, γ.than, Cx.be] om. α. and β.pessybylych, γ.answere, α. and γ.; answer, Cx.none] om. Cx.oþ, β., et infra, and γ.whoche oþ, γ.must, Cx.a þis half, β.; a this half, Cx.of] om. β.prejudys, γ.and, α.calangede, γ.byfore, Cx.before, Cx.no right, Cx.erst, Cx.surte, γ.oppon, γ.of] om. Cx.royamme, Cx.with, Cx.bitoke, β.wardeynes, α. and Cx.prophyt, γ.disputyson, γ.; disputacion, Cx.and evydences, Cx.Wynchestre, Cx.Madoc, Cx.Madoc a Walysch. γ.Myȝhelmasse, α.; Mighelmasse, β.Mon, Cx.in, α. and Cx.bulde, γ.yheuwe, γ.plas, α.lyveþ, α. and β.; lyved, Cx.gadred, Cx.dredde, Cx.arrest, Cx.vul, γ.
AFTER þe fifte Celestinus, þe eyȝteþe Bonefas was pope ellevene ȝere. Þis pope his fifte ȝereThis popes fyrst yere, Cx.gras, γ.Adrian, α., β., and Cx.; Adryan, γ.al that was wrongful, Cx.to anker's life, β.; anker hys lyf, γ.; to ankers lyf, Cx.out, α.an, α.vrelyche, γ.op, γ.revoked, Cx.ruled, β. and Cx.; reulede, γ.stronglyche, γ.stuward, Cx.a] om. β.ver, γ.face, β.; fas, γ.oþ, β.Meuros, β. γ., and Cx.Fouchirch, Cx.Mawdeleyn, α.; Maudeleyn, β.wuxe, γ.but, γ.ofte, β. and γ.men] om. α., β., and γ.vul, γ.neschenesse, β.; softnesse, Cx.and] as, β. and Cx.distruyed, β.Freyns, γ.þo] om. α.; a, β. and Cx.comyn, γ.Gasquyn, γ.ȝung weynche, γ.kyng of Fraunces suster, α.twy, γ.slyghtly, Cx.clepin, Cx.Rosoryes, Cx.shyllynges, Cx.he, γ.forbad hem aboute, Cx.þis ȝere, β.aȝenward] om. α., β., γ., and Cx.gras, γ.wente, α.; went, β. and γ.towne, α.anhonge, γ.y-smyȝten, α.brugge, γ.þere, α., β., and Cx.; þar, γ.þe] om. α.þe kynges of] om. β., γ., and Cx.royamme, Cx., et infra.þe] om. α., β., γ., and Cx.Bruse, α.; Bruyȝ, β.; Bruz, γ.; Bruys, Cx.greved, α., β., and Cx.regm, γ.leve of sich, β.lyȝt, α.eyght, Cx.
Þat is: habehave, α., β., γ., and Cx.þus, α. and Cx.; A seyþ þus, γ.on, α.; a, β. and γ.on, α.; an, β. and γ.Benet, β.vyfte, γ.bok, γ.hyghte, Cx.revoked, Cx.eft, α.; efte, β., γ., and Cx.bok, γ.course, α.; cors, β. and γ.; cours, Cx.Avinion, β., γ., and Cx.wondren, Cx.foul, β. and γ.; foule, Cx.Henry, α.trespaside, β.traylbaston, Cx.Brus, α.; de Bruys, Cx.wrongfolliche, γ.Eester, Cx.Dunfre, β. and Cx.; Dounfreȝ, γ.trayson, Cx.Carlele, α.; Caerleel, β., ct infra; deyd at Carleel, Cx. (sic).Peres of Gavestoun, β.; Piers of Gaveston, Cx.londe, Cx.Capitulum 41.Edwardus
Secundus. Kyng Edward deyde at seynt Thomas day þe translacioun, besides Karlyle at Burgh uppon þe sonde, þe ȝere of his kyngdom fyve and þritty. Robert archebisshop of Canturbury was exiled, and sighehe sawe, Cx.the fyrst Edward, Cx.leef, β. and Cx.Gavaston, γ.byȝunde, γ.Bolayne, α.; Bolayn, β. and γ.oneliche douȝter, α.; onlich douȝter, β.; onlyche douȝter, γ.þus, α.veyr, γ.unstidefast, β.schal, α. and Cx.knowe, α. (not Cx.).drewe, Cx.harlotes and brybours to syng|ers, γ.to] om. α. and β.to rouwers, botmen, & schyp|men, γ.; botemen and shipmen, Cx.; inverted in β.men] om. Cx.lyght, Cx.dide, β.solempnel, Cx.cruwel, γ.qwysteres, α.; whistrers, β. and Cx.dyd, α.worship, Cx.leef, β. and Cx.pupel, γ.damage, α. and γ.; dammage, Cx.regm, γ.; Royamme, Cx.unhabel, γ.eiȝe, β.; ye, γ.; eye, Cx.durþe, γ.sich, β.dismes, γ.spirituale and temporale, Cx.encheytes, β. and Cx.Gaveston, Cx.vorswore, γ.heeste, β.vram byȝunde, β.þe] om. α. and Cx.rabbischlich, β.; rabbyshly, Cx.aroos, Cx.horses, β.; his horses and his, Cx.Scardburgh, β. and Cx., et infra.drewe, Cx.solemynel, Cx.regm, γ.to alle] om. Cx.ham, γ.promysed, Cx.grochynge, γ.neiȝ, β.hem þat wolde holde wiþ] om. Cx.nyste, γ.ȝuld, γ.ur, γ.to] at, β., γ., and Cx.Scardeburgh, γ.; Scardburgh, Cx.Dadynton, β. and Cx.Gaversfiche, α.þe ȝere] upon the daye, Cx.in, α.; on, β.Bryces, β.Wyndeshore, β.Winchestre, Cx.Wirceter, γ.; Wyrcetre, Cx.Reignald, β.; Reynald, γ.þey] the kyng, Cx.was, β.tresourye, α.wepne, β.; wepen, Cx.by, Cx.distruyed, β.Bruze, α., Bruyȝes, β.; Bruys, Cx.vurde, γ.Mighelmasse, β.; Mychelmasse, Cx.heded, Cx.
AFTER þe firstefifte, α.; fifþe, β.; vyfte, γ.; fourth, Cx.twentiþe, β.; twentyest, Cx.renewide, β.renewyd the seven bokes, Cx.in] om. Cx.and] om. α., β., and Cx.fongeres, α.; takyng, Cx.benefices, α. and β.curatour, β. and γ.fruytes, β.the other, Cx.vurste benefys, γ.weþer, β.overpluys, β. and Cx.Bavaria, Cx.vallyng, γ.fourty schillynges, α., β., and Cx.wryter, α. and Cx.; writer, β. and γ.eyr, β.Norhampton, β.byfore, Cx.an] om. Cx.drawen, Cx.curside, β.Huwe, γ, et passim; Hugh, Cx. (bis), et infra.as] om. β. and Cx.castels, Cx.encreside, β.þis, β.; this, Cx.þe] de, β. and Cx.marche er, α.; in þe march ar, γ.or] er, β.Schrosbury, β.; Shrowesbury, Cx.unaware] om. Cx.vot, γ.money, α., β., and Cx.aȝeld, β.Gloucetre, Cx.with hym thens eyther Spenser, Cx.Chaddes, α.; Chedde, β. and Cx.Hereford] om. Cx.Tutbury, Cx.of Trente] om. Cx.an, α.foorde, β.; out of the toun at a foorde, Cx.fled, Cx.Burghbrigge, β.Pountfreyȝte, α.; Pontfret, β.; Pounfret, Cx.among, α. and Cx.noo, Cx.seggeþ, γ.; sayde, Cx.ȝys, α.; ȝus, γ.; yes, Cx.schamful β.; shameful, Cx.seyn, Cx.of gentil] om. α., β., γ., and Cx.a lytel, Cx.And postataes] Apostates, α. and γ.; Apostatas, β. and Cx.doyngis, β.flyȝ schamelich, β.; fled shame|ly, Cx.sich oon, β.myrakels, γ.ben, Cx.plas, γ.schul, β.; shal, Cx.drouȝ, β.; drough, Cx.hogelyche, γ.huld, γ.Hugh the Spenser, Cx.Carleel, β.; Carleell, Cx.Lambmas, γ., et infra.hamward, β.tide, α.; tyde, β. and Cx.; Luc hys tyde, γ.Blakhammore, β. and γ.; Blak|ham mor, Cx.nadde, β.yf he had not, Cx.nadde he yvlowe, γ.tresour, β. and Cx.; tresor, γ.a, α.Cheddes, β.Carleel, β.brugge, γ.drenche, β.; drench, γ.wardeyns, β. and γ.; war|deynes, Cx.Guyan, Cx.Ponty, α. and β.; Pontyen, Cx.oþer, β.oþer þorste, γ.Cheep, β.Royamme, Cx.
THIS ȝere aboute MyghelmasseMychelmasse, Cx.Henawdes, α; Henaudes, β.; Henewers, Cx.Essex, γ.fliȝ, β.; vly, γ.; fledde, Cx.folewide, β.vot, γ.bourgeys, Cx.þat wrongly inserted here in MS.; om. Cx.even, Cx.seynt] om. Cx.Hugh, Cx., et infra.Huwes, β.; Hughes, Cx.Schrosbury, β.weke, β. and Cx.; wyke, γ.Kenelworþe, α., β., and Cx.; Kenelwurth, γ.þe ȝonger, α. and β.; yonger, Cx.and enhonged, α.; om. Cx.bridge, Cx.octavas, α.; eotaves, β.; oc|taves, Cx.þe] om. Cx.Ich, β. (bis) and γ.ych, γ.diffye, β.; dyffye, Cx.rial, β.; ryall, Cx.Y, β.on] a, γ.kyng] y-made knyȝt, α.; made knyȝt, β.; made knyght, Cx.
EDWARD his sone, þe þridde Edward after þe conquest, a ȝong child abouteaboute a] of, Cx.an, β.þe aer tempreur, γ.Kenelworþe, α., β., and Cx.; Kenelwurth, γ.Barkley, Cx.at] for, Cx.; to, β.stryf among þe peple, α. and Cx.neiþer, α.vor, γ.for evel . . . a seynt] om. β. and Cx.doeres, α.; doers, γ.lyckenes, α.for evel . . . a seynt] om. β. and Cx.ben, Cx.ever, Cx.is to] hit is, α., it is, Cx.ȝif, add. α.; of, add. Cx.hit is a faire grace ȝif siche, β.; hit ys a veyr grace ef soche, γ.done, Cx.lasseneþ, α. and β.; lassen, Cx.though they, Cx.purgatory, β.; purgatorye, Cx.trysteþ, α.an, β. and Cx.þat, from α. and Cx.; of, MS.wille þat wyves haveþ, β.makeþ, α.; makiþ, β.tyþinges, α.syxtenth, Cx.Henaud, β. and Cx.amorowe, β.Lambmas, γ.Bailol, β.; Bayllol, Cx.rekever, β.; recuver, γ.of Scottes] om. α. (not Cx.).Gledysmore, β.; Gledismore, γ.an, γ.Juyll, Cx.Reth, β. and Cx.remeove, β.hym and] om. β.he wolde ȝelde to þe kyng þe citee of Berwyk, α. and Cx.byseged, α.Bamburgh, α.; Banburgh, Cx.to, α.volle, γ.aȝen, α.a, α.ungirde, α.; afoote and ungyrd, Cx.Boothulf, γ.Halydoun, β. and γ.; Halydon, Cx.men] om. α., β., and Cx.seen, Cx.le Bayllol, Cx.dide, β.rewme, α.newe] om. Cx.uppon, α. and Cx.colde, α.; cold, from β., γ., and Cx.; gold, MS.in, Cx.distruyed, β.repayred, Cx.tyme, add. Cx.twentyest, Cx.wyke, α. and γ.; weke, β.diocesy, β.on, add. Cx.in þe Leynte, β.also] yet, Cx.kynges, α. and Cx.; kyngis, β.i-take] om. Cx.myke, γ.everyche, α.; every, Cx.to, α., β., and Cx.melled, α.his, α.the north countrayes, Cx.Torney, β.in, α. and Cx.Braband, Cx.wolle, β.; all mens wolle, Cx.schef, γ.ordeygned, Cx.of] om. β. and Cx.vat, γ.sich, β.Freyns, γ.shoten, Cx.drowned, Cx.were i-take] om. Cx.vewe þat vley, γ.; fledde, Cx.distruyed, β.Torney, β. and Cx.and] that, Cx.slowe, Cx.money þat his slowe procura|tours, β.for] om. α., β., and Cx.truwes, β., et infra.in every side] for þre ȝere, α.; in eyther syde, Cx.lytel, α. and Cx.bytwene þe kynges] om. α. (not Cx.).chalengide, β.; calanged, γ.; chalengyd, Cx.dessese, γ.Fraunces, α. and Cx.furdude þe, β.; vordude, γ.; fordyde, Cx.þat . . . provisiouns] om. α.bad, Cx.þat . . . provisiouns] om. α.luesyng, γ.þe, α. and β.of Harecourt, β. and γ rightly.Rufus, α., β., and γ.þe doctoures] om. α.Pykardye, α.þeiȝ, β.monþes, α.Miȝhelmasse, β.xvii., β.ruleres, α.; rulers, β.spyeng, α.; spiȝting, β.þe, α. and β.Dougelas, α.Barthomeu, γ.day, α.dawyng, β.ȝalde, α.; ȝeeld, β.þe, α.an, α.Miȝhelmasse, β.truwes, β.noble] om. α. and β.Ich, β., bis.have wynde, α. and β.into, α.Ich, β., bis.alyve, β.lefte, β.on, β.solde, β.for, α. and β.indenturis, β.clayme, β.to, α.kynges half, β.bulles, α. and β.pope scratched thro' in α.rekever, β.into] om. β.druyþe, β.A Fryday in þe Witsonweke, β.Avinion, β.his] om. α.rees, β.Narbon, β.of] om. β.kynges men of Fraunce, β.Burdeux, α.; Burdeaus, β.Wyttesontyde, α.þan . . . Engelond] om. α.; and anoon the pope sent twey, &c., β.þan . . . Engelond] om. α.; and anoon the pope sent twey, &c., β.Alhalwentyde, β.en, α.Odyam, α.; Odyham, β.Navarn, β.Pyyp, α.; Pipe, β.wiþ oute, α.neiȝ, β.archeres, α.somdel, α. and β.and] om. α.seyled, β.seylide, β.anoon to ryde, α. and β.rewme, α.þat] om. α. and β.þe] om. β.londide, β.fiftenþe, α. and β.þeeves, α. and β.þeeves, α. and β.fleye, α.þe] her, β.Batail, β.Donston his feste, α.; Dunstan's feste, β.truse, α.; truwes, β.Esterne, α.ceeside, β.tyme, α. and β.oþ, from oþer, MS., α.; ooþ, β.Miȝhelmasse, β.Avinion, β.
God be þonked of al his nedes: Here is written in α, "secoūde." Also lower down, "John Knigh|ton," neither in the same hand as the MS. On the back of this folio, "Wil|liam Knighton."dedes, α. and β.hundrid, β.Explicit, α. (not β.).
AFTER the nowble wryters of artes, to whom hit was a pleasure in this life presente to fixe theire studies and laboures abowte the knowlege of thynges and virtues mo|ralle, thei ar to be enhaunsede and exaltede by merite with grete preconyes, as makenge a commixtion of a thynge profitable with a swetenesse mellifluous, whiche haue de|riviede to men succedenge thro the benefite of scripture thexcellent gestes of men precedenge.
For in the contexte historicalle the rewle off lyvenge and forme of vertues moralle, and the incentiue of manhode, ȝiffe grete resplendence thro the diligence of croniclers. Also the triuialle of the vertues theologicalle and quadriuialle of the cardinalle vertues, to comprehende the knowlege of whom oure insufficience sufficethe not, withowte the sollicitude of writers scholde transfude to vs the memory of thynges of antiquite. For schort lyfe, a slawe sawle, and a slipper memory lete vs to knowe mony thynges, obliuion schewenge helpe, an enmye alleweies and a steppe moder to the memory. For in this tyme presente artes and lawes scholde falle vtterly, thexemplares of acciones spectable scholde not be patent, the ornate eloquence scholde peresche, but that diuine mi|seracion hath prouided vse of letters in to the remedy of the imperfeccion of man.
What man scholde haue perfecte knowlege of em|peroures, meruaile of philosophres, and folowe thapostles, but that the actes of writers made theym nowble? There|fore
Wherefore y, wyllenge to folowe the descriptores of the storye quadriuialle, and as provocate thro thexemple of theim, intende to compile a tretys of the state of the yle of Breteyne, excerpte of diuerse labores of auctores.
Whiche labore expressede to my felawes hauenge inop|pinable appetite to beholde gestes of antiquite, y was movede thro the importune instance of theyme to compile somme thynges of the famose storyes of the worlde from the creacion of man vn to oure age, not oonly after the
Attendenge the intricacion inextricable of this labor pre|sente as of the mase of Dedalinus [y] am preyede to attempte hit withowte drede; aduertenge ofte tymes slawthe to mete men thenkenge grete thynges, and the insufficience of my wytte, and the obnubilous and clowdy processe of this mater y-desirede, perauenture men in these dayes attend|enge but litelle the obsequy of deuocion as thei be wonte, scholde take disdeyne of this liȝhte meyte. Of whom Gregorius Naz[i]anzen spekethe, seyenge, "Suche men reprove liȝhtely straunge thinges, but vnnethe with grete difficulte thei folowe goode thynges." Wherefore y seenge the poverte
What man wolde not laȝhe and also haue in derision, if that a pigmei scholde make him redy to conflicte after the labores of Hercules and after the actes Olimpicalle plenerly finischede? What man wylle not haue me in derision inten|denge to decoloure the maieste of soe highe mater after so nowble wryters? Neuerthelesse y remembre the dicte of Booz to Ruth gedrenge cornes remaynenge behynde the backes of men scherenge, seyenge, "Noo man schalle be gre|vous to the." Also the Poette Mantuan Maro Virgilius, as Isidorus rehersethe, Eth. lio decimo, or elles Flaccus Horatius, as Hugo Pisanus wylle in his Derivationes (capitulo perviso), when hit was seyde in obprobry to hym of his enmyes and aduersaries, that he scholde take some versus of that nowble
Preyenge that noo man haue indignacion thauȝhe y bere asches or sonde, whiche semenge as thynges impure and wontenge lyȝhte be wonte to yelde pure materes and fulgent, lyke as somme thynges be wonte to ministre to other thynges that thei haue not in theyme selfe. Whereof the poete Satiricus seythe "I schalle vse to make a knyfe scharpe in the maner of a whetteston." And Seynte Gregory in his Pastoralles, "Y a fowle peynter haue made a feyre man in picture." Wherefore y presumenge of that charite, whiche, as Seynte Gregory seythe in an Omely, ministrethe strenȝhtes, schalle prosecute my processe, pera|uenture contemptible to fastidious men, but as y iugge not vnprofitable to goode studentes. Makenge an entre in toar] as, Harl. MS.o,y knowen, Harl. MS., and simi|larly elsewhere; here always print|ed conjunctim.
THE names of the auctores been rehersede here, of whomti bookes of antiquite, and vij. bookes of the subuersion of the cyte of Ierusalem and of the captiuite of the peple þer of, from the begynnenge of the worlde vn to the xiiijthe yere of Domician themperoure. Also Hegesippus, de Ex|cidio Urbis, whom Seynte Ambrose translate. Plinius, in hys XXXti vij. bookes of Naturalle Storyes. Trogus Pom|peius, in hys xlti iiij. bookes, allemoste of alle the storyes of the worlde, whom Iustinus his disciple did abbreuiate. Eusebius, in his Story Ecclesiasticalle, in whiche story xj. bookes be conteynede. Also the Ecclesiasticalle Story tri|partite
the and xviijthe books. Orosius Hispanus, in his booke de Ormesta Mundi. Isidorus His|palensis, in his Ethimologies. Solinus, of the Meruayles of the Worlde. Eutropius, in his story of Romanes. Paulus Diaconus in his Story of Longobardes. Cassiodorus, of the Gestes of Emperoures and Byschoppes. Methodius, martir and byschoppe,byschop, Harl. MS.Willms, Harl. MS. (twice).Willms, Harl. MS. (twice).
AND for cause that this cronicle presente conteynethe the gestes of mony tymes, I haue studiede that hit schal be called Policronicon of the pluralite of tymes whom it dothe conteyne. In whiche werke y haue subdiuidede in to vij. bookes, after the exemple of the firste Maker makenge alle thynges vnder the nowmbre of vj. and rest|enge in the vijthe. The firste boke of whom describethe the places of the worlde, other vj. bookes describe the gestes of the worlde after the nowmbre of vj. ages. Mappa mundi is describede in the firste boke of this werke, in the maner of a diuision genericalle in to a di|uision specificalle. After that the worlde is diuidede as in to his partes principalle. In the thrydde euery par|cialle province is discussede, till hit be commen to Breteyne the last prouince, as vn to a specialite moste specialle for
the from Criste to the commenge of Saxones. The vthe from theym to the commenge of Danes. The vjthe from that to the commenge of Normannes. The vijthe from theyme to our age. And soe this presente story is smyten in to vij. ryuerers, after the prophecy of Ysay that men y-schoede may goe by hyt, and þat the weye may be patente to the residu peple of God.
Truly viijthe thynges be profitable to men willenge to haue plenerly knowelege of this story presente, that is tooþer, other] See p. 63, note.oþer, other] See p. 63, note.the. hit is to be attendede, thauȝe þer were oþer while iiij. principalle realmes, as men of Assiria, of Persia, Grekes, and Romanes, neuerþelesse as after the course of the worlde and ordre of Holy Scripture the firste gouernayle was from Abraham
the vnder byschoppes, from Zorobabel vn to Criste. As vn to the vthe, hit is to be attendede that þere were v. rytes. The firste was in the firste age vnderthe ryte is of Cristen men that began vnder Criste, when feithe and grace of sacramentes informede the life of theyme. The vthe rite is of Saracenys, whiche began under Machomete, as hit schalle be schewede after the tyme of Heraclius themperoure more plenerly. As vn to the vjthe, hit is to be attendede that therethe from Dauid to þe transmigracion; the vthe from the transmigracion to Criste; the vjthe from
the from the begynnenge of reigne of kynges; the vthe of the transmigracion of peple; the vjthe of the incarnation off Criste. As vn to the vijthe hit is to be attended that vij. persones be redde whose gestes be remembrede ofte|tymes in storyes; that is to saye, the person of a prynce in his realme, of a knyȝte in batelle, of a iugge in his seete, of a byschoppe in the cleregye, off a politike man in the peple, of a howsebonde man in a howse, of a contemplatif man in the chirche. From whom vij. generalites of acciones doe procede corespondent to theyme, whiche be construcciones of cytes, victoryes of enmyes, sancciones of lawes, correcciones of crymes, com|posicion of a commune thynge, the disposicion of a thynge familier, the adquisicion of a hollesom merite in whom the rewardes of goode men schyne, and the peynes of ylle men. As vn to the viijthe hit is to be attendede
tiij. yere. Also William Malmesburye dothe reherse in his booke of byschoppes the iiijthe that Ma|rianus a Scotte and a monke, included at a cyte callede Mangotia in Allemeyne, abowte the yere of grace mllxxvj.,tiij. yere, makenge a harde and a diffusede cronicle, whose booke Roberte Byschoppe of Herefforde onornede splendidiously; wherefore commune cronicles folowenge Dionysius fayle and stumble alle day, Seynte Ierom wyttenes in the translacion of the cronicle of Eusebius, where x. yeres wonte betwene the passion of Criste and tyme of Vaspasian, and also xiiij. wonte abowte the tymes of Decius themperoure, as hit schalle be schewede under the vjthe age of the worlde. That erroure is moche encreased in so moche, that dayes
Iulius Cesar ordeneide by the cownselle of the senate sette in pomposite alle the worlde to be dimencionate by men discrete and prudente. Wherefore messangers were sende
ti yere, þro alle the worlde, to presidentes, dukes, and iuges of prouinces, that thei scholde describe and measure londes, waters, woodes, playnes, concauites, hilles, and the itinerary of the see to whiche places thei scholde sayle, and towche hyt if they myȝhte fynde eny meruellous thynge there that myȝhte be schewede to the senate. ℞. Seynte Ierom testifiethe that in the trans|lacion of þe cronicle of Eusebius, libro ijo, capitulo secundo,Priscian. And soe hit is founde by the denunciaciones that alle the worlde hathe xxxti famose sees, lxxijti yles, xlti famose hilles, lxxti and
tivij. The compasse of whiche worlde is iijc. tymes xv. tymes a c.ml of passes. The longitude of the erthe habitable from the este to the weste, that is from Ynde to the Pillers of Hercules in the see Gaditan, hathe viijthe tymes v. tymes a clxxti myles and viijthe. The dimension of the longitude of whom is more compendious by the see then by the londe. The latitude of the erthe from the este syde of the occean of Ethioppe vn to the durre or begynnenge of a floode callede Thanay in the northe is lesse in the halfe then the longitude a foreseyde, and hit conteynethe lti tymes iiijc. lxij. myles. Also hit is founde that the depeste
ALSO hit is to be attendede that alle the worlde cincte to the occean is diuided in to iij. partes, Asie, Europe, and Affryke; whiche diuidede in to thre partes, Asia after nowmbre schalle be the thrydde part, and after magnitude the halfe, whiche goenge from the meridien or sowthe by the este vn to the northe, is compassede on euery syde with the occean, and in the weste hit is finischede with the grete see. Beda, de Naturis. The termes of whom be the begynnenge and durre of a floode callede Nilus in the sowthe, descendenge by the northe occean and water
Isidorus, libro 14, capitulo quarto. Europa, that other parte, from the floode callede Thanay, descendenge from the northe ocean extendede from the este and meridien in to the costes of Speyne is ioynede to the grete see and finischede in an yle callede Gades. Isi|dorus, capitulo quinto. The thridde parte, which is Affrica, is protendede from the weste in to the meridien in to the coste of Egipte. And these partes, Europe and Affrike, be dividede a sundre thro an arme of the see. Plinius, libro tertio, capitulo primo. The chekes and begynnenges ofl of passes, and v. ml passes in latitude, from whom the see mediter|ranye begynnenge by diuerse armes is distendede towarde londes.
HIT is to be holden that Asia is moste in quantite, Europa lesse in quantite, but egalle in the numerous gene|rosite of peple. Affrike is leste in quantite of partes in
Priscianus, in his Cosmographye. Therefore men that hade euidente knowlege perceyvede ij. partes of the worlde to be taken, that is to say, Asia and Europa, deputenge or ordeynenge the partes of Affrike to be added to the costes off Europa. For Affrike hathe nede to the space of latitude, subiecte to an ylle coste and laborenge with a corrupte aier, with wilde bestes, and venom. Þerfore men puttenge hit the thrydde parte of the worlde folowede not the measures of spaces but reasones of diuision, departenge hit as a wailenge parte in the wurste site and ordre from the beste places. Also Affrike of his nature hathe leste space and moste of deserte in the clemency of heuyn. And with owte dowte thauȝhe Affrike be leste in quantite, ȝitte þer is moore grownde inhabitable in hyt thro the heete of the sonne then is in Europe thro rigornesse of colde. Truly alle thynges lyffenge or groenge accede moore tollerably to the hieste colde then to the hieste heete. Plinius, libro sexto. Þerfore the cause is that men in Europe be more grete in body, more myȝhty in strenghte, moore bolde in herte, more feire in beaute, then
THE begynnenge of the grete see is in the weste, at the pyllers of Hercules, where the occean Atlantyke brekenge vp to londes makethe the see Gaditan. Thel of passes. The latitude of hit is extente in to v. ml passes, hauenge at the ryȝhte parte of hit Affrike, at the lyfte parte Europe: after that hit is diffusede in to sees internalle. The termes of whom be the water of Thanays at the northe,
Isidorus, libro quarto decimo. The grete see flowenge from the occean turnethe in to the sowthe, after that in to the northe, the fyrste end of whom is in to Speyne; after that hit floethe in to the prouince Narbonense; after that the bosom of þe water Ligusticus watrethe the cite callede Ianua; after that the see Tyren atteynethe to Ytaly. Then Siculus goethe from Sicille to Crete. Then the water callede Creticus in to Pamphyliam and to Egipte. Then the see Elesponte retorte with grete passage turnethe to the northe, but abowte Grece, nye a place namede Bosforus, hit is restreynede in to the streyte|nesse of vij. forlonges where kynge XerxesExerces, MS. and α.; Xerses, Harl. MS. Here and elsewhere the classical orthography is restored, when the word does not appear to be in a manner anglicised, e.g., Affrica.Plinius, libro sexto, capitulo primo. The see is so streyte þer betwene the costes of Asia and of Europe, that the singenge of bryddes and berkenge of dogges may be herde to gedre, with owte the wynde cause resistence. Giraldus, distinct. prima, capitulo decimo. That streyte see is callede the arme of seynte George, whiche flowethe abowte Constantinople,
Isidorus, libro nono. The see callede Pontus, diffusede from þens towarde the northe makethe the see callede Propontides. And from thens hit is streynede also into vjc passes a[nd] causethe a water named Thracius.Tracheus, Harl. MS. Trevisa has also mangled the word.Isidorus, libro nono. That see is moore swete, more schorte for floodes, accurrente on euery side. In the grete arme of whom be yles callede Colchos, Patmos,Patmos] Pathmos, MS. and Harl. MS.Plinius, libro sexto. The see Pontike reflowethe not as other sees, but hyt dothe floe alle weies in to that see Propontides and Elesponte. ℞. The cause may be assignede that im|petuosites of floedes in the backe of hit constreyne the the see Eusyne to floenge continualle, and Elesponte deriuate
Isidorus, libro nono. And neuerthelesse, sythe the erthe is oon or londe, and callede in diuerse names thro diuerse causes and diuerse places, soe in lyke wyse the
THE occean compassethe the erthe in the maner of a cercle, foldenge abowte the regiones of londes, commethe to, and recedethe; the wyndes respirenge and restenge in the profundite of hit, auþer hit flowethe furthe or retractethe the sees in to hit. Plinius, libro secundo, capitulo 99. The heete and feruence of the occean swellethe on Bre|teyne viijcPlinius, libro 2o, capitulo 7o. The occean infusede in to diuerse places towarde londes towchethe alle moste the entiere sees in mony places, in so moche that a parte of the Redde see whiche is callede Arabicus is vnnethe distante from Egipte a c. lti ml of passes. The see callede Caspius is distante by ccc. lxxv. ml passes from the see callede Eusyne. Beda, De Naturis. Amonge alle the armes of the occean, that hit dothe cause, thre be of moste nowble fame. The firste is the see Gaditan, or Autlantike, whiche brekenge vp from the weste makethe the grete see in the myddes of the erthe. The secunde see is callede the see of Caspius, whiche goenge from the sowthe este, diuidethe the northe parte off Ynde from Scythia, and goethe from that to the see Eusyne. The thrydde is
þe . . . the] So Harl. MS., and similarly the MS. of Trevisa on this page has mulleþ and woseth; whence the inconstancy of the use of þ clearly appears, when they were written. See also p. 31.þe . . . the] So Harl. MS., and similarly the MS. of Trevisa on this page has mulleþ and woseth; whence the inconstancy of the use of þ clearly appears, when they were written. See also p. 31.Solinus. The hilles callede Caspii be nye the see callede Caspius, as longenge to them, hauenge in longitude vij. ml of passes, in latitude vnnethePaulus, in historia Longobardorum, libro primo. Also there be monye deipe places of waters nye to the sydes of the sees, of whom tweyne be in the grete see betwene Ytaly and Sicille. Also there be other swaloes of the see in the occean. Oon of theym is in the weste side of Briteyne the less, y-namede the navelle of the see. That oþer is betwene Briteyne and Fraunce, whiche be seyde to deuoure waters and evomette theyme twyes in a day, drawenge to theyme schippes and puttenge theyme aweye with suche a swiftenesse, that thei appere to folowe the schote of an arowe.
THRE thynges ar to be aduertisede principally as abowte the knowlege of Paradise. Fyrste hit is inquirede as vn to the existence of hit otheror the is pro|bably the true reading.o. Eth., Seynte Ierom perceyvethe other wise of the floodes of Paradise then other auctores
seien, or some such word, has been omitted.Petrus, capitulo quarto decimo. The firste floode of whom is calledde Phison, the invndacion of whom is educede in to Ynde, drawenge with hit grauelle of golde, whiche is callede Ganges off a kynge some time in Ynde Gangarius by name, whiche is called a cumpanye by interpretacion, in that hit dothe receyve x. floedes. The secunde is callede Gyon or Nilus, whiche compassethe Ethioppe and Egipte. The thrydde floode is callede Tigris, after Iosephus hit is called Dig|lath, whiche sowndethe scharpe, in so moche that hit is swifte as a tigre, and goethe ageynes Assiriones. The furthe is callede Euphrates, that sowndethe as plentuous of corne, whiche goethe ageyne men of Calde. Isidorus, libro tertio decimo. Salustius, the moste certeyne auctor, seythe that a welle is spronge from the highe hilles of Armenye, at the foote of the hille callede Caucasus, whiche welle is the hede
the, the olde fame berrethe testimonye to the existence of Para|dise. But trewely the fame of Paradise hathe stonde as inconcussede by vj. ml. yeres and more. The fame of a false thynge is wonte to falle auþer by obliuion, other by oppinion contrarious. Of the secunde, where it is, hit iso, capitulo iijo, that this worde Paradisus turnede from Grewe in to Latyn, is callede a yorde or a gardyn. In Ebrewe hit is callede Eden, that sowndethe delites,delices.a gardyne off delites.delices.Isidorus, libro 14o. Hyt hath salubrite and wholsomnesse, for hit ioyethe in temperaunce, felenge neither coldenesse ne heete, in so moche that a thynge lyffenge there may not dye. A testimony þerof Enoc and Helias lyve ȝitte there incorrupte. Magister Iohannes Da|mascenus, libro quarto decimo. That place hathe also
o, the waters of Noe floodeo, cap. iijo, the entre in to that place was schut by the synne of Adam, whiche is compassede abowte with a walle off fyre; in so moche that the heete of hit is ioynede allemoste with heuyn, to remove
ISIDORUS rehersethe that Asia toke that name of the name of a woman, somme tyme inhabitenge in hit, whiche conteynethe mony prouinces, of whom hit schalle be ex|pressede by ordre. Inde is terminate from the este with theTullius de Tusculanis quæstionibus. Ynde hathe mony kynges and peple. Somme peple tylle the erthe, somme vse marchandise, somme cheuallery, somme intende to sapience and discipline. There be trees of so semely stature that vnnethe the altitude of theym may be atteynede by the schote of an arowe, the space betwene ij. knottes of a reede makethe a bootte for iij. men. There be men also of v. cubites, whiche dye not, neither waile. Also there be men of the measure of a cubite callede pigmeis, whiche gendre in the iiijthe yere of theire age, and wexe hoore in the vthe: these men gedrede in a multitude, syttenge on wedres, fiȝhte ageyne cranes, whose nestes and egges thei breke leste their enmyes be multipliede ouer hugely
Cenophali, Harl. MS.Petrus, capitulo 196.Tusc. Quæst. lib. v. c. 27.Petrus, 196. The trees of the sonne and of the moone be in Ynde, by the apples of whom prestes lyffede by vc. yeres. Thei were namede the trees of the sonne and of the moone, for as soone as the sonne sende
Isidorus, libro quinto decimo. Offir is an yle off Ynde, where is plente of golde, to whom hit is goen from the grete see by the Redde see.
ISIDORUS schewethe that the region callede Parthia for the vertu invincible of men of that region, whiche diffusede theire name to men of Assyria and of Media, was wonte to conteyne alle the londe of Assyria, of Media, of Persida, and of Carmania, whiche is extendede in longitude from the see Caspius vn to the Redde see, and in latitude from the floode of Inde vn to the floode of Tigris, whiche is the begynnenge of Mesopotamye. Trogus, libro quinto. Men of Parthia be
Giraldus, d. 17. After that peple failede vnder kynge Seleucus thai dwellede vnder kynge Arsace, of whom thei be callede Arsacides; informenge theym firste with lawes he gedredde a companyee of knyȝhtes, ma|kenge castelles and citees. At the laste the foreseide Arsaces adiecte to his empyre the realme of Hircanes. Amonge whom, somme kynges succedenge after that, Mithridates the sonne of Mithridatis holdede that realme by xliij. yere after the dethe of Crassus, consul of Rome; in whom he hade mony clere victories, as hit schalle be schewede in his propre place. Trogus, libro 41. The peple of Parthia is betwene the men of Scythia and Medes, amonge whom seruauntes be habundante, for thei haue not their manumission; the fre men of theym
HIT is to be aduertisede that Assyria toke his name of Assur the sonne of Sem, whiche inhabite firste hit after Noe floode. Assyria hathe on the este parte of hit Ynde, of the sowtheTrogus, libro 42. Media was made of Medo son ofIsidorus, libro quarto decimo. Persia was namede of a man callede Persius,Persipolis, Harl. MS.Isidorus, libro quinto decimo. Thauȝhe BabylonPetrus, capitulo 37o. Babylon is the propre name of the cite, and BabyloniaBabilionia, Harl. MS.Orosius, libro secundo. Babylon was disposede as with egalle walles after the maner of castelles by a quadrante, the latitude of whom was of lti cubites, the altitude in iiij. tymes so moche, the lenghte of the walle from cornelle to corner holdede xvj. myles. The compasse of the walles was of iiijc. and lxxxti forlonges, whiche dothe make ljti myles. The mater of whiche walle was made of sodde tyle stones mixte with pycche, in so moche that thei myȝhte not be dissoluede with fire or water. Thro the myddes of whiche cite the floode Euphrates did flowe. Whom Cyrus kynge of Perse toke and destroyede, as hit schalle be expressede in his place. ℞. Off the levenges of whiche cite, after the seyenge of Seynte Ierom, ij. cites were made in Persida, so that the place of Babylon is nowe deserte, and fulle of wilde bestes. Caldea is seyde as Cassidea, ofJosephus, libro primo.c. passes, and iiij. myles in latitude. Araby, y-sette at the sowthe parte off Caldea, of the este parte hathe Persida, of the weste parte thethe] of the, Harl. MS.Josephus, libro secundo. The mownte ofEufrates, MSS., as usual.Capodocia, Harl. MS.schedenge bloode. For Caym did slee Abell þer, and hidde hym in the sonde of the floode.
IUDEA, whiche is callede the Iewery, is a region of Syria, but a parte of Palestine, callede Iudea of Iuda the sonne of Iacobe, whiche was callede afore Cananea of Cham the sonne of Noe, other elles of x. peple of Chananees expulsede and contrite by the Iewes. Petrus. Iudea is taken inGir. Dist. tertia. The londe of promission is in the Iewery, the longitude of whom is vnderstonde after the letter, From Dan to Bersabe; and after Seynte Ierom, in his epistole to Dardanus, hit conteynethe vnnethe clx. myles of that cuntre. The latitude of hit is from Ioppen vn to Bethleem conteynenge vnnethe xlvj. myles of that region and cuntre. And after the boke of Nowmbres the Iewery hathe this circuite; at the meridien the Dedde see, and after that by Sina and Cades Barnee vn to the ryuer of Egipte, whiche flowethe in to the grete see. The londe of promission hathe the grete see to the weste parte of hit, and an hille callede Taurus at the northe, and on the este parte the mownte callede Libanus, and the begyn|nenges of that water callede Tiberiades, and of the water off Iordan, whiche haue their originalle principle at the foote of the mownte callede Libanus. Then that floode of Iordan floenge in to the Dedde see makethe admisionIsidorus, libro quinto, capitulo primo. The Iewes afferme and say, Sem the sonne of Noe, other wyse called Melchisedech, to haue made that cite after the floode of Noe, whom the Iebuseis kepede after that tyme, by whom hit hade this name, Iebus; and so these ij. wordes, Iebus and Salem, copulate to gedre, this worde, Ierusalem, resultethe by composicion; whiche was callede afterwarde of Salomon, Ierosolima; callede also
Helius, and Helia, MSS. and Cx.Helius, and Helia, MSS. and Cx.Sitopolis, Harl. MS.Willelmus de Regibus, libro primo. There is noo welle within the cite, where waters be collecte, but in cestrens and veselles ordeynede þerfore. For the site of that cyte, hauenge the mownte of Syon of the northe descendenge towarde the sowthe with a softe dependence, is so disposede that þe reyne reynenge makethe not clay, but as lytelle ryuers, whiche is receyvede in cestrens, or elles
Iohñ., Harl. MS. (which else|where writes Iohñes for Johannes.o. From whiche mownte Criste ascendede to heuyn,
Hugo. The mownte off CaluaryeIsidorus, libro quinto|decimo, capitulo primo. The region of Iuda hathe in hit
c. forlonges, whiche do make xxvti. myles, diuidenge the Iewery, Palestine, and Araby. Isidorus, Eth., libro 13o. That place is extendede from the costes of the Iewery, not ferre from Ierico, to Zores of Arabye vijc. forlonges and lxxxti, whiche do make xc. myles and iiij. The latitude of hit is of clti. forlonges vn to nye places of Sodome. That place is callede the place of saltenesse, in that salte is made þer. Also that place is callede the place of pycche, for it is ful þer of; whiche water susteynethe not eny schippe, but if hit be welle pycchede, or enny other mater. Petrus, capitulo quinqua|gesimo. The pycche or glu of whiche place noo thynge may dissolue, but the bloode of a woman suffrenge the monethely infirmite: whiche place noryschethe not fysches or fooles; but whikke thynges caste in to that water lepe
Iosephus, libro primo. Whiche thynge was experte, in the dayes of Vespasian prince, of ij. men, the whiche were caste in to that water, theire hondes y-bounde behynde theym, whom the water wolde not receyve. Isidorus, libro nono, capitulo tertio. That region was callede Pentapolis, of the v. cites of wickede men drownede there. That londe was somme tyme more then Ierusalem in plentuousenesse; fore. For now the similitude of fire apperethe in the trees. For apples be spronge þer vnder suche a similitude of ripenes, that thei move the appetite of man to eyte of theyme; whiche apples y-taken be redacte vn to esches, as if thei brente, to this tyme. ℞. Also þer is an other region callede Pentapolis in Affrike.
Canaan is a region of Syria,Siria, Harl. MS., and so throughout.f, but ph in the place of hit. Of whom the Philisteies were callede alophili,f for p.aliauntes, in so moche that they were straunge alleweyes to the childer of Israel. That region hathe Egipte on the sowthe parte of hit and men of Tire at the weste, the Iewery at the northe, and
Isidorus, libro quartodecimo. The welle of Iobyn is in that Idumea,Ydumea, Harl. MS.kepers, for they were deputate to the kepenge of that londe, the peple of hit putte in captiuite. Sichen or Sichenia is a lyttelle grownde in Samaria, namedetrauaille, or some such word.o. xviijo., whiche was somme tyme the cite of refute with the suburbarbes of hit sette in the costes of the mownte of Effraym, where the bones of Ioseph were buryedetranslate before buryede, but a pen is drawn through it.Fenicea, Harl. MS.Ptolomaida, Harl. MS.Methodius. Theye edifie noo howses, but, goenge by a waste wildernes, inhabite tabernacles, gettenge theire meyte thro preyes and huntenges. These men somme tyme congregate schalle goe furthe from deserte, and schalle occupye alle the worlde by viij. wekes off yeres, subuertenge citees and defilenge holy
Isidorus, libro secundo, capitulo quinto. Phenix the sonne of Agenoris toke to these Feniceonnes somme redde letters, wherefore that colour was callede pheniceus, and after a letter chaungede hit was puniceus. Hugo, capitulo Phœnix. And for cause men of that cuntre were the firste fynders of letters we wryte vn to this tyme the capitalle letters with a redde color, that we may represente theyme to be the firste fynders of letters.
EGIPTE toke the name of hit of Egyptus, broþer off Danay, which was callede somme tyme Aeria, hauenge on the este parte to hit the Redde see, of the sowthe Nilus and men of Ynde, of the northe the grete see and the superior partePetrus, capitulo nonagesimo quarto. When Egipte is plentuous of corne, hit is bareyne in pastures, ageyne the nature of other regiones and in contrary wyse; for the taryenge of þat floode callede Nilus on the londe lettethe the tymes of plowenge, other destryethe cornes and then hit noryschethe pastures. Cocodrilles be habundaunte there and horses of the floode, callede hippotauri.ypotauri, Harl. MS.o, that Nilus swellethe thro northe wyndes waters mak|enge grete stryvenge behynde hit; but Beda, de Naturis
HIT is to be attendede that Scythia is duplicate, the supe|rior in Asia, the inferior in Europa. The superior Scythia is a grete region moche inhabitable in the northe parte of hit for coldenesse, coplede of the este parte to Ynde, of the northe to the occean, of the sowthe the hille callede Caucasus, somme tyme porrecte in to the begynnenge of Germanye, now hit is made lesse, and copulate to the region of Hircany to the weste parte of hit. In whiche londe be the hilles Yperboreus, huge griphonnes, golde, gemmes, and smaragdis. Trogus, libro secundo. There be noo endes distincte of the
Sirus and Zephizona, Harl. MS.l. and vc. yeres; the women of whom made the realmes of Amasonnes; hit is incerteyne to theym wheþer kynde be more nowble. In the firste expedicion Azian,z and ȝ are iden|tical in this MS.)
Bactria, whom Cham, sonne of Noe, inhabite firste, lyetheporrigitur) is omitted.
Albania hathe on the este parte to hit the see of Caspy,
Armenia, whiche oþerwise callede Ararthe, toke the namec. ml of passes, in latitude lxxti ml. There the mownte of Ararth is, where the schippe of Noe remaynede after the floode. Also þer be ij. Armenyes, the moore and lesse, as þer be ij. Pannonyes.
CAPPADOCIA is a region nutrix of horses, hauenge on theGalathe, MS, α., and Cx., and so the Harl. MS., as well as all the Latin MSS.Tirea, MS.; Turea, Harl. MS.the prouince of the lesse
Amazonia is a region parte in Asia and parte in Europe,the yere of theire age, leste the grosenes of hit scholde lette theyme to schote. Wherefore thei were callede Urimammæ, or Amazones, aso, seye Ama|zones to be destroyede by kynge Alexander, neuerthelesse the story of Alexander seythe that Thalestris, qwene of
fforme, Harl. MS., which com|monly uses the ff merely as a capital letter.Trogus, libro secundo. That qwene Thalestris, after that sche had vsede the bedde of kynge Alexander by xlti daies to haue a childe, returnenge to here realme felle at variaunce soone after with here peple.
ALLE scriptores historicalle and croniclers afferme þat Affrica toke the name of hit of Affer, son of Madian, the son
Isidorus, libro tertio decimo. There is a welle amonge the Troglodytes in Affrike, the water of whom y|drunke
Cretensis, Harl. MS.o, hit is callede of Libya, the doȝhter of Epaphus, reignenge þer; and peple be namede there Phutei of Phut, the son of Cam. The region TripolitanBisancium, Harl. MS.
NUMIDIA hath on the este parte to hit the lesse Syrtes,Mauritamy, Harl. MS., and so below.Silicia, Harl. MS.Ruscida, MSS. of both versions and Cx.Cartago, MSS. of both versions and Cx., here and below. Cartage has been retained below, as an En|glish form.Isidorus, libro vicesimo quinto, capi|tulo tertio decimo. Men off Phenicia, goenge from the Redde See, made the cites of Sidon and of Tyrus in Syria, Utica in Affrike, Thebas in Beotia, Gades in the mowthe of the occean. For a consuetude was vsede amonge theyme somme tyme to goe in to ferre regiones from theire cuntres, and when thei perceyvede the hertes of straunge peple to haue theyme in fauour, thro the merchaundise of newe thynges thei toke places apte to make cites. Trogus, libro
octavo decimo. Dido goenge furthe from theyme, whiche was callede by an other name Elissa, takenge a multitude of yonge men with here, come firste to the yle of Cyprus,Cipres, MS., α., Harl. MS.; Cipris, Cx.Birisa, Harl. MS.leder. Isidorus, libro xvo. Or elles that cite was callėde Carthada,Cartada, MSS. of both versions, and Cx.ti yere afore the cite of Rome. ℞. Papias seythe the same, sythe after alle wryters histo · ricalle Rome was made in the iiijthe yere of Achaz kynge of the Iewere. If these iiij. yere, and xvi. yere of kynge Ioachim,Iotham is intended.ti yere of kynge Ozias, whiche precedede kynge Achaz, be annumerate, hit is expressede that lijti yere resulte þat Carthago was made in the iiijthe yere of Achaz kynge of Iewery. Neuerthelesse Isidorus wille,
o, and the Maister in his story scholas|ticalle, that Carthago was edifiede abowte the xxxiiijti yere of kynge Dauid; wherefore the seyenge of Virgille and of Phrygius Dares in his story of the batelle of Troye, that Eneas see Dido; or elles hit is to ȝiffe a more elder Dido then this. For Eneas dyede more then iiic yere afore the edifienge of Carthago, or elles hit wille folowe that Carthago was made a fore. Where of Seynte Austyn seythe in his booke of confessiones, libro primo, in the ende, that wyse men denye Eneas to have seen Carthago. Therefore after Orosius, libro iiijto, Carthago hade with in the circuite of the walles, xxij. ml. passes. The altitude of the walle was of xlti cubites, the latitude of xxxti foote alle moste compassede abowte with the water of the see. There bemauron, that is blacke, as the cuntre of blacke men. In whom is the mownte callede Atlas at the weste, not ferre from the occean, whiche is so eleuateAugustinus de Civitate, libro octavo decimo. Atlas was an astronomier
ISIDORUS rehersethe, in his xiiijthe boke, that Europa
Hyt is to be attendede that of the northe parte the marras of Meotides and the floode of Thanais diuiden the lesse Asia from Europe. Floode of Thanais was namede firste of Thanus, kynge of Scythia, which floode descendenge entrethe in to the see Mediterrany. Isidorus, libro quarto decimo. The inferior Scythia is colde, begyn|nenge
Alania is a parte of the inferior Scythia declinenge to theDacia and Daci has here misled the translator.
AUCTORES remembre and reherse that Grece is ladyGir. de papa, ca|pitulo
septimo decimo. In whiche londe somme tyme were libraryes, studies, muses, and companyes of cheuallery, where fore the londe stode that tyme in prosperite. But that vertu in theyme was refusede after and wente to the cuntre of men of Latyn, and thei that were somme tyme the nowble welles now bethei be, MS., but thei erased.þat beeþ Thracia] Added from α. and Cx. The MSS. have Tracia, as usual; but Thessalia is correctly written in MS. (not Harl. MS.)Boecia, MSS. of both versions, and Cx.Isidorus, libro quinto decimo. There is a welle in that londe qwenchenge brennenge brondesPropontides Constantinople, MS., but Propontides erased.Bisancium, MSS.to, de Regibus, spe|kethe: Constantine made that cite egalle to Rome, seyenge hit was not conueniente an Emperoure to kepe residence where thapostles crownede kepede the principate, bryngenge thider innumerable relikes of Seyntes whiche myȝhte schewe socoure to the cite ageyne the sawtes of theire enmyes, thenkenge hit fre to hym to make a cite imperialle where was the pleasure and liberte of grownde, temperaunce of heuyn, nye to the region callede Mysia,Misia, MSS. (of both versions).ti yere, not knowenge their faders in certitude, takenge to theyme a duke callede Phalax, sonne of Aracus, come to Ytaly, expellenge the olde inhabitatores of hit, made a mansion and a seete to theyme at Tarentum. Macedonia, callede by that name of Macedo, neuewe to Deucalion, some tyme [was] callede Emathia of kynge Emathius, hauenge on the este to hit the see of Egee, on the sowthe Achaia, of the weste Dalmatia, on the northe parte Mesia. The hillePetrus, capitulo tricesimo septimo. That mownte is of suche altitude that the toppe off hit excedethe clowdes, where clowdes be not perceyvede, neither wyndes, neither reynes, in whom letters wryten were founde vnde|filede at the end of the yere, where bryddes may not lyve for rarite of the aier, neiþer philosophres myȝte ascende to hit to knowe the courses of the sterres with owte sponges, whiche, puttenge theyme to theire noose, attracte more thicker aier to theyme. There is also an hille callede Athon, towchenge the clowdes, the schado of whom is protendede to the yle callede Lemnus, which is from that hille lxxvj. [myle]. Dalmatia hathe on the este parte to hit Macedony, of the weste Histria, of the northe Mesia, of the sowthe parte the see Adriatike. Achaia takenge the name of hit of a kynge callede Acheus,Echius, Harl. MS.Archas, Cx.; Archades, MSS. of both versions.Albestes, Harl. MS.Trogus, libro secundo. The hille callede Parnasus is in that prouince, a nowble mownte, and of grete fame after poetes, dependengeportes depengenge, Harl. MS.Isidorus, libro 13o. There be ij. waters in thatEllanda, Harl. MS.Boecia, MSS. (as usual).Augustinus, De civitate Dei, libro octavodecimo. Somme Egypciannes dredenge Egipte to peresche in that grete tempeste, what tyme hit was gre|vede with mony diseases vnder the powere of Moises, wente furthe from hit. Wherefore Cecrops, goen furthe to Grece, made a cite, namenge hit Athen, whiche was callede after Athenas. After Varro, hit was made in this maner, when at that city callede Athen an oliue apperede sodenly, and the water brake vp also sodenly in an other place, Cecrops
Frixus, MSS. of both versions.Trogus, libro secundo. Men of Atheynes began firste the vse of wyne and oyle, techenge to eiere and sawe, and floreschenge fyrste with ciuile discipline, the firste kynge of whom was Cecrops, after whom Graius, other Granaus, Atthis the son of whom ȝafe name to that region. After whom Amphigionides, in whose tyme was a floode in Thessalia. After that the realme descendede successiuely to Ericthonius. Then reignede Egeus. After whom Theseus his sonne. After that the son of Demophon,
Iubiter, Harl. MS.
HYT is redde in storyes that Ytaly somme tyme occupyede of the Grekes, was callede the grete londe off Grece. Also hit was callede Hespera, after a sterre callede Hespera, whiche directe the Grekes saylenge to hit. After that hit was namede Saturnia of Saturnus inhabitenge hit, afterwarde callede Latium, for the drede of Iouis his son lyenge there priuely; whiche was callede afterwarde Ausonia, of Ausonius son of Vlixes. Afterwarde hit was namede Ytaly of Ytalus kynge of Siculynes, the moste nowble prouince of alle Europe, whiche is schutte on the northe parte to hit with the see Adriatike, on the este with the grete see, of the sowthe with Sicille and with the see Tyrene. From whom iij. nowble and famose floodes of Europe take theire originalle, whiche be callede Renus, Danubius, and Rodanus. Plinius, libro secundo, capitulo centesimo sexto. In this prouince is
Isidorus libro tertio decimo. Also there is a welle callede Novacius nye to the hilles of Alpes, whiche floethe ouer with watere abowte the solstice of somer, and is drye in wynter. Paulus, libro secundo. There be mony prouinces of this Ytaly, whiche be Calabria, Apulia, Campaniia, Beneuentana, Tuscia, Emilia, Liguria, Lombardia. Apulia is a coste of the see of Ytaly, sette at the sowthe of hit, departede from Sicille by an arme of the see, byldede and edifiede firste by Grekes. The chiefe cite of whom is callede Brundusium, takenge the name of hit of this worde brunda in Grewe, þat is the hede of an herte, in that hit holdethe in the figuracion of hit the similitude of the hede of an herte. Campania is a moore region betwene the territory of Rome and Apulia. The chiefe cite of whom is callede Capua, namede so of the capacite of sufficiaunce, callede the thrydde
c and t in MSS. has misled the translator, who probably had no notion where the place was.clxviij., in the tyme of Iustinian prynce, of the name of whom the forther parte of Ytaly from Alpes alle moste to the cite of Rome is named ȝitte Lumbardy. Of the begynnenge of Longobardes, and of the progresse of theym, Paulus Diacon of Rome rehersethe in his firste boke of the story of
Scandimauia, Harl. MS. twice.Scandimauia, Harl. MS. twice.ti yere, after hym Hildegog. After whom Gloffo, after hym Cato. After whom, Waco
Ytaly Pannony, MS., but Ytaly erased.cxlviijthe, after that Longobardes hade taryede in Pannony by xlijti yere. Of the conqueste of Albinus, and of his meruellous goenge furthe, hit schalle be expressede abowte the yere of grace vc and lxxti.
AUCTORES expresse that the cite of Rome is sette in Tuscia, whiche is a parte of Ytaly, of þe fundacion and gouernaile of whom auctores wryte diuerse thynges, specially Martinus, of the makenge of hit, but Maister Gregory
Martinus. Mony men be redde to haue reignede in the cyte of Rome. For after Estodius, after the towre of confusion made, Noe takenge a schippe with other men come to Ytaly, whiche makenge a cite there endede his lyfe in hit. Ianus with Iano the son of Iapheth made a cite callede Ianiculus ouer the water of Tiber, where a chirche is nowe callede Sti. Iohannis ad Ianiculum. Abowte that tyme Nemproth, oþer wise callede Saturnus, expulsede of Iupiter his son, commenge to the realme of Ianus, made a cite where the chiefe place of the cite is now. In those dayes kynge Ytalus commenge with Siculynes to Ianus and Saturnus made a cite nye the floode callede Albula, whiche was namede afterwarde Tiber. After that Hercules, the son of Italus, made a cite of Galerius vnder the Capitoly. After that kynge Tiberis and Euander commenge from Arcadia made that cite of Rome. After that Romulus redacte alle the cites in to oon causenge the
Titus Livius. Whiche cite beenge in pouerte was noo cite moore holy neiþer more ryche in goode exemples, but afterwardeMartinus. Rome was made of ij. breþer, Remus and Romulus, in the mowntethe Olimpias, the iiijthe yere of the reigne of Achaz kynge of the Iewery begynnenge, in the iiijc yere liiij. after the takenge of the cite of Troye. ℞. But after Solinus cccc. and xxxiiijti yere. Martinus. Whiche cite made nowble in processe with towres, walles, temples, ȝates, and palice, hauenge towres of the walles ccc.lxj. within the circuite of whom be myles xxijti, excepte the edifienge ouer Tiber and the cite Leonine, with whom hit is seyde to conteyne in circuite xlijti myles. In
Gregorius. Vn to this tyme presente remayne mony signes in hit to be meruayles as edifienges and palice, that the versus of Hilde|berte, bischop Cenomacense may be verifiede of hit whom William Malmesbury puttethe in his boke of kynges seyenge in this wyse: O Rome, þer is noon oþer cite egalle to the nowe beenge in ruyne. Thou may teche nowe in confusion howe nowble thow was a fore. De Palatiis. In thatOf þe temples. Now the chirche of alle Seyntes is in Rome, where the temple of alle goddes was before, namede Panteon, hauenge in latitude the space of ijc. and lx. foote, nye to whom is an arche made of marbole, in whom the gestes of Augustus Cesar be wryten. Also þer is an arche of Scipio whiche ouercome Hanibal. Also there was a temple made of cristalle and golde, where in astronomy was graven with the signes of heuyn and sterres, whom Seynte Sebastian
Dial., Harl. MS.; similarly Martial below.Of howses. In Rome was an howse consecrate onornede allemoste alle with golde and precious stones, whiche was seyde to be worthe the thrydde parte of the worlde, whiche place apperethe ȝitte as ferefulle and inaccessible, in whiche place the ymages of alle pro|uinces
Of Craftes
and Edifienges. There is a place made in Heraclea graven so of marbole in that hille, that the mansiones of hit and setes of hit were graven of oon ston, where a man can not speke so secretely with hymselfe or with eny other, but hit schal be herde in alle the circuite. The water of Tiber is
ti, in which yere a body was founde of þe stature of a gigante beryede at Rome and incorrupte, the wounde of whom conteynede in longitude iiij. foote and a halfe. The longitude of that body excedede the altitude of the walles of that cite: fyndenge also a lampe brennenge at the feete off hit continually, whiche cowthe not be extincte þro blawenge
Of the Ymages at Rome. There was an ymage of Venus made in Rome, in that similitude as sche apperede to Parides, whiche was made so subtily that a man myȝhte see in that ymage as bloode decurrente. Also another off brasse transformede in to the similitude of Iupiter. Also there is the grave of Romulus, where he was beryede, nye to þe chirche of Seynte Petre, whom the commune peple calle the hepe of corne of Seynte Petre, whom Nero takenge aweye was restorede in to the state of hit a fore. Amonge the beryalles of whom
ti foote, in the hiȝhte of whom is a spere of brasse conteynenge the bones of Iulyus Cesar, of whomCursius, Harl. MS. (twice.)Cursius, Harl. MS. (twice.)Colloseus, MSS. and Cx.ti; whiche ymage was somme tyme in the yle of Rhodus,Herodius, MSS. and Cx.Policronicon, libro 2o. The Romanes made an ymage of a woman, to make feire the maieste of the cite, in brasse; whiche performede, mony men seyde the legges of that ymage to be insufficiente to bere suche a burdon. To whom the smythe that made hit
ti pygges ȝiffe the water to thynges to be waschen, is a table of brasse prohibetenge synne, where the myȝhty preceptes of the lawe bene wryten.
A triplicate honor was ȝiffen to a kynge, duke, consul, or emperoure hauenge victory, in his commenge to the cite of Rome; for the peple wente furthe to mete the victor with variable gladdenesse, the charyette of whom men putte in captiuite folowede, theire hondes bownde behynde the backes of theyme. Also the victor was induede with the coote of Iupiter, syttenge in a charyette whom iiij. white horses didde drawe to þe Capitoly.to þe Capitoly, added in the margin, apparently by the original scribe.In vita Iohannis Eleemosynarii. When emperoures were crownede, makers of graves come to theyme inquirenge of what metalle he wolde his berialle to be made, as if he scholde say, "Thow arte corruptible, dispose the empire mekely." Hugutio, capit. Clarus. When the Romanes intendede to ȝiffe batelle to eny cuntre, oon of theyme scholde goe to the costes of theire enmyes and
Isidorus, libro nono decimo, capitulo vicesimo secundo. What tyme the consules were reignenge in Rome the knyȝhtes of the Ro|manes [wente]Hugutio, capitulo Fastus. The dayes in whom the Romans hade victory and spedde welle were callede fasti, in so moche that hit was lawefulle to theyme in those daies to exercise theire causes and erneddes. And the dayes in whom hit happede ylle to theyme were callede nefasti, in whom thei worschippede ylle thynges, not for cause of deuocion or of luffe but
Hugutio, capitulo quinto. Of whom quinquatria were namede v. blacke daies, or the feste of those daies in whom the Romanes, besegede of Frenche men and of Hanniball,Hanybal or Hanibal, MSS. and Cx.Hu|gutio, capitulo Classis. When Romulus hade institute the commune vtilite he diuidede the peple in to tweyne parties, into the moore nowble men and lesse nowble, callenge either parte of theyme classis of sowndes and signes whom thei hade distincte amonge theyme selfe. Wherefore the nowble men were callede Prima Classis, the firste companye. In the honor of whom he ordeynede the monethe of Maij,the parte seruauntes. Hugutio, capitulo Calon. The Romanes vsede to have feires in euery monethe whiche began in the firste day of Nones durenge vn to the firste day of the Idus. Idus is nouȝte elles but a diuision; for then men were diuidede from the feires. And for cause men commenge to the feires were ignoraunte ofte tymes of the begynnenge of the monethe, therfore a bydelle, or the crier of the cite ascendede in to a towre in to the markethe, and seyde so mony tymes, "Calo, calo," (that is to seye, "y calle yow to the feires,") as were dayes vn to the begynnenge of hit; as and if the feires scholde begynne in the iiijthe day, he scholde saye iiij. tymes calo. Therefore hit is that somme monethe in the calendary hathe iiij. nones oonly; somme monethe vj., whiche was ordeynede for this cause that thefes ȝiffenge wacches to marchauntes lyenge priuely in woodes scholde not knowe when the feires scholde begynne. Hugutio, capitulo Mereor. Somme tyme knyȝhtes in Rome were not constreynede to exercise the actes of cheuallery after the age of lx. yere; but lyvelode was ȝiffen
Hugutio, capitulo Scea. Also a consuetude was amonge Romanes that the citesynnes scholde dispute of the commune profette vn tylle none: and not attende to eny other delecta|cion. Wherefore the harlottes at Rome were callede nona|riæ, for hit was not lawefulle to theyme to passe theire places, leste they scholde lette yonge men from the commune vtilite. Hugutio, capitulo Nepa. Somme tyme children in Rome were not taken to theire faders to lerne or to be noryschede, for hit was presumede that the faders wolde not chastise theire children for the grete luffe that they wolde schewe to theyme; neither thei wyllede not their children to be taken to maistres that were not of theire kynrede, for a
Hugutio, capitulo Proles. There were men in the cite of Rome whiche taryede in the cite for multi|plicacion of childer, and were not coacte to goe furthe to batelles. ℞. Neuerthelesse they were coacte in the tyme of Hannibal for pennury of knyȝhtes. Valerius, libro secundo. From the cite made unto clx. yere folowenge was movede noo diuorce. The firste man inducenge hit was callede Carbilius,Scarbilius, Harl. MS.Isidorus, libro sexto. Thauȝhe the Grekes did wryte ffirste in wexes with poyntelles, neuerthelesse the Romanes ordeynede that noo man scholde wryte with an instrument of irne, but made of boon. Poli|cronicon,Polycraticon; the same confusion occurs in the title of Hig|den's work.libro secundo. If a man reuolve in his mynde
Policronicon, libro septimo, capitulo septuagesimo primo.
ISIDORUS rehersethe that Germany, or Allemeyne properly seyde, hathe on the este to hit the durre of the floode callede Danubius, on the sowthe the floode callede Renus, of the northe and the weste the occean. There be ij. Ger|manyes; the superior whiche extendethe vn to Alpes to the bosom of the grete see that is callede the see Adriatike. And the inferior Germany, towarde the weste, is abowte the floode callede Renus, whiche is callede communely Almayne. There be mony peple in either Germany, and prouinces, asPaulus, libro quinto. For the northerne plage, in as moch as hit is more removede from hete, in so moche hit is more hollesome for childer to be gendrede and to be noryschede. Hyt is in contrary wise of the plage meridian; for in as moche
Misia, MSS. (as usual.)loz, whiche defendethe hym not with his hornes, but gedrethe water in a grete voide place vnder
castetethe, Harl. MS.Isidorus, libro quarto decimo. The peple of Saxones whiche be moore nowble in vertu and agilite not oonly on londe, butBeda, libro quarto, capitulo vicesimo quinto. The olde Saxones vsede not a kynge but other men in worschippe; which perceyvenge batelle to be inducede made a gouernoure to theyme after as the chaunce scholde ffalle, whom thei folowede in tyme of batelle. The batelle doen, alle the nowble men were of egalle honor. Plinius, libro quinto. Frisia is a region sette on the brynke of the weste ocean, takenge begynnenge of
ti yere in age. Wherefore thei gette myȝhty childer. Whiche wontenge woode brenne turfes made of the erthe. Selandia is a litelle londe, and in the costes of the see, compassede abowte as an yle with armes of the see, hauenge at the este to hit Holande, at the northe Frisia, at the weste the occean, at the sowthe Flandres; hauenge grete hepes
Paulus, libro primo. Also in the sowthe weste of Germayne be peple callede Scribonij, whiche haue plente of snawe in the tyme of somer, and eite rawe flesche of bestes, hauenge clothes of the ruȝhe skynnes of bestes; where the beames of the sonne be seen contynually, somme nyȝhtes abowte the solstice of somer; and also abowte the solstice of wynter, thauȝhe liȝhte appere in the day, the son is not seene. Item, libro primo, capitulo quarto. A denne is seen nye to men of that cuntre vnder an hie hille, where vij. men slepenge haue lyen longe, the clothes and bodies of theym incorrupte, whiche be supposede to be Romanes, as after their habite; whom a man movede thro auaryce willenge to
℞. Storyes expresse that Gallia or Fraunce hathe denomi|nacion of the whitenesse of peple; for thys worde "galla" in Grewe is seyde "mylke" in Latyne, wherefore Sibille callethe Frenche me,me] So Harl. MS.Hugutio, capi|tulo Gala. For the coloures of faces, quantites of bodies, qualites of sawles, haue theire existence in man after the diuer site of heuyn. Þerefore Rome gendrethe hevy men, Grece lyȝhte men, and Fraunce wytty men. ℞. Hit is also to be aduertisede after the seyenge of Seynte Austin, De Civitate Dei, libro tertio, capitulo quinto, that men callede Galli in oon maner were prestes in the temple of a godesse
Cibeles or Sibeles, MSS. and Cx.Athis, MSS. and Cx.Cibeles or Sibeles, MSS. and Cx.Giraldus, Dist. prima, cap. septimo decimo. Therefore Fraunce with his partes hathe on the northe to hyt Germayne, on the este the floode callede Rhenus, on the weste the occean of Britayne, at the sowthe the grete see whiche flowethe to the cuntre of Narbonense. Somme
Gir. Dist. prima. The peple of Fraunce, as mony other peple, toke theire begynnenge of the Troianes. For Antenor, after the takenge of Troye, fleenge with his feloweschippe by the floode of Thanay, come to Pannony, in whom he made a cite called Sicambria,Cicambria and Cicambri, Harl. MS.Cicambria and Cicambri, Harl. MS.Cicambri, Harl. MS., and so below.Willielmus de Pontificibus, libro primo. Whiche Fera|mundus dedde thei made Clodoueus his son kynge. And after Clodoueus, Merouius his nevewe was electe in to the kynge, after whom alle kynges of Fraunce vn to Pipinus were callede Merouingi. In lyke wyse the sonnes of kynges of Englonde toke their names after theire faders. As the son of Edgare was callede Edgarynge, the son of Edmunde, Edmundenge. Gir., Dist. prima. Also after Merouius, Childericus his son reignede, whiche gate Clodoueus whom Remigius baptisede. This Clodoueus at the instaunce and preier of the Romanes expelled from the cuntre of Gyon the Gothes infecte with the heresy of Arrianus. Whiche dedde, Childericus his son occupyede the realme with his thre brether, Theodoricus, Clodomirus, and Clotarius; in whiche
Willielmus de Regibus, libro primo. Whiche Pipinus gate Charles, or other wise namede Martellus, in so moche that he depressede tirauntes in Fraunce, and Saracenes makenge insurrecciones ageyne the londe of Fraunce. This man
Gir., Dist. prima. This Charls gate Pipinus the secunde, and Karolomannus afterwarde a monke. This Pipinus the secunde, commenge of the stokke of the seide Batildis, after the deposicion of kynge Hildericus was made kynge of Fraunce thro the desire of alle the cheuallery, and by the auctorite of Pope Steven the successor off Zacharye. Whiche gate Grete Charles. Whiche was erecte to the kyngedome of Fraunce after the dethe of his fader in þe yere of our Lorde Godde DCC. LX. and IX., whom the Romanes electe to be the aduocate of Seynte Petre for the nowble actes that he did; after that thei made hym emperoure and Augustus. From whiche tyme the empire of Constantinople wente from þe Romanes and wente to Frenche men, in that thei helpede not the chirche of Rome ageyne Longobardes, kepenge werre ageyne the Romanes. This Charles gate Lodowicus. This Lodowicus gate Symple Charles, whiche
c. and xii., when kynge Con|radus toke to hym thempyre of Almayne. ℞. Longe after|warde, after the commune fame, a qwene of Fraunce to whom the realme descendede by trewe inheritaunce, whiche seenge a bochor, a semely man of stature, toke hym to here howsebonde; for the detestacion of that dede, the Frenche men made a statute that noo woman after here scholde reioyce the realme of Fraunce. Giraldus. Nowble
FLANDRIA is a prouince of Fraunce callede Francia Bel|gica, sette nye to the side of the occean, hauenge on the northe to hit Friselonde, on the este Almayne, on the sowthe Pikardy, and on the weste parte to hit the occean and the northe parte of Englonde. And thauȝhe Flandres be lytelle in quantite, neuerþelesse hit is replete with mony commodites, as with pastures, bestes, marchandise, waters, hauenes or portes of the see, and nowble in cites. The peple of hit be semely in stature, myȝhty, plentuous, and ryche, kepenge peace to men of theire cuntre, feitheful to straungeors, and excel|lente
TROGUS rehersethe that Speyne is iij. cornerde, or hau|enge iij. corners, whom the hilles Pirene conioynethe of the northe parte to Fraunce Narbonense, made on euery other parte as an yle thro the compassenge of the occean and of the see Tirene. Neuerthelesse there be ij.Isidorus, libro quinto decimo, capitulo secundo. This Carthago of Spayne was callede Spartaria vn to the dif|ference of Grete Carthago, whiche is in Affrike, whom Scipio the consul of Rome destroyede, but this Cartago Spartaria was made of men of Affrike under Duke Hanibal, but after that hit was destroyede of the Gothes, whiche hade possession longe in Speyne, and specially in the tymes of Honorius themperoure. The Saracenes brekenge furthe from Affrike after the tymes of Heraclius thempe|roure ouercome the Gothes. Whiche Saracenes were de|victe
THAT yle callede Gades is put firste amonge the yles of the grete see, whiche is sette in the weste ende of Speyne, as in the mowthe of the weste occean, where the grete occean brekenge vp diuidethe Affrike from Europe; whom men of Tire occupyenge callede hit Gades, whiche is in theire langage, compassede abowie, in so moche that hit is compassede abowte with the see, departede from the londe c. and x. passes; where Hercules putte mervellous pyllors as a memorialle in the extremite of the worlde, whiche be callede Gades, after the name of that yle. Hug. capitulo
Gades. Where of a consuetude was taken, that pyllers sette of myȝhty men in those places whiche myȝhte not be paste were calledde Gades. After these the yles callede Baleares, Maiorica and Minorica, be sette towarde the este. After theyme the yle callede Sardinia, hauenge on the sowthe to hit Affrike, at the northe Sicille; in whiche yle be noo serpentes, neither venom, but an herbe whiche thei calle apium, causenge a man to laȝhe, and in laȝhenge to dye. That region hathe hoote welles and whollesom, the water of whom causethe blyndenesse to theves, after the sacramente recevede, if his eies be towchede with water there of. Corsica is an yle gendrenge nowble pastures, and a ston callede aconites; hauenge on the este to hit the see Tirene, and of the weste the yles callede Baleares, at the sowthe Liguria, a prouince of Italy; hauenge in longitude a c. lx. m. passes, and in latitude xxvi. m. passes. That yle, callede Corsica, toke the name of hit of a woman
ti myles, from the este to the weste ijc. myles. The myddel yle of theyme is callede Delon, whiche sowndethe open, in that hit was illuminate of the son a fore other londes after
Pittagoras, MSS.; Pyctagoras, Cx., omitting þe philosophre.whiche should be can|celled, or is inserted.Fenicea, Harl. MS.ti and v. myles. There brasse and the use of hit were ffounde fyrste. The wyne of whicheOrosius. That yle conteynethe in longi|tude c. lxxx. and vij. m. passes, and in latitude a m. and vj. In that yle is also oon of the iiij. mases, as hit
Pathnium, Harl. MS.Pathnium, Harl. MS.Scicilia, Harl. MS. (twice.)Isidorus, Eth., libro quarto decimo. That londe occupiede tyllenge of the londe with a plowe firste of alle other londes. Isidorus, libro quarto decimo, capitulo septimo. In this Scicille is the mownte callede Etna,Ethna, MSS. and Cx.sulphure is the reading of Harl. MS.Gir. in Top. Also in Scicille is a welle to whom a man commenge in redde clothenge anoon that water movethe vp, not movenge to other coloures. Also in hit be gressehoppers, hauenge streyte veynes vnder the throte; whiche, hauenge theire hedes kytte of, synge more swetely, as hit is seyde, then when thei haue theire hedes, and dedde better then on lyve. Wherefore the schepardes, wyllenge to make theyme to synge swetely, kytte of theire hedes. In hit is a cite callede Palerna, whiche yeldethe more rente yerely to the kynge þer of, more then alle Englonde yeldethe to the kynge of certenty. Isidorus, libro tertio decimo. Also in Scicille be ij. welles, oon of theyme makethe plentuous a bareyne thynge; that other welle makeythe bareyne a
Pathmos, MSS. and Cx.
THE Yles Fortunate be temperate, putte in the weste occean, supposede of mony men to be paradise for the temperaunce of the aier and fecundite or plentuosenes of the soyle; the hilles of those yles be clothede as by for|tunable enchaunce with herbes and other commodites, for whiche cause men inhabitenge theyme calle theym theti foote. Where is an yle callede Capraria, namede soe of the multitude of stronge dogges. Dacia, that is callede Denmarke, is an yle contiguate or adnecte to the northe parte of Germayne, the peple of whom was cruelle somme tyme and bellicose, in so moche that thei entrede þe prouinces or costes of Fraunce and of Englonde; callede Daci, as Dagi, for thei come of the kynde of Gothes. The peple of hit is copious, of semely stature,
Solinus de mira|bilibus mundi. Tyle is the laste yle of the occean after Briteyne, betwene the northe plage and the weste, the knowlege of whiche yle is hade vnnethe of men. Plinius, libro secundo. That yle takethe the name of hit of the son, for from the equinoccialle of Ver on to the equinoc|cialle of herveste the son is allewey presente there, and neuer nyȝhte, and the son is absente also alleweyes from the equinoccialle of herveste to the equinoccial of Ver. Wherefore hit is inhabitable in the somer, for the con|tinualle presence of the son beynge there, and also in wynter, for contynualle coldenes beenge there, and for the absence of the son. Wherefore corne may not growe there. Betwene whom and the yle of Briteyne be oþer yles, callede Scandia, Lingo, and Virgion. That Tyle is from Breteyne by the saylenge of vj. dayes. Giraldus in Top. Seynte Austyn, xxjo. libro, de Civitate Dei, seythe that Tilis is an yle of Ynde, the trees of whom suffre not theire leves
o. Nor|guegia, that is callede Norway, is nye to Dacia and Gothia, hauenge on the sowthe to hit Scotlande, of the northe Island; a grete yle, and compassede abowte with the see, a colde londe, a bareyne cuntre, and fulle of hilles. There is litelle corne, mony beeres and brockes. The peple þer of lyve more by fyschenge then by huntenge, eitenge but lytelle brede. In the northe parte of that cuntre the son goethe not down in the solstice of somer by mony daies, and is not seen to aryse ageyn in the solstice of wynter by mony dayes. In whiche tyme hit behouethe men labor|enge to worche by lyȝhte of candeles. In that londe is a welle in whom woodde putte or wolle by a yere be con|gelede in to a ston. The peple of hit, serchenge the
IRLONDE was somme tyme to Briteyne concorporate by ryȝhte of dominacion, whom Giraldus describenge in his Topographye extollethe hit with mony laudes. The titles here folowenge expresse and schewe the way. Therefore, hit schalle be seyde of the site and place of that londe, of the quantite and qualite of hit, and the defawtes of that londe, of the firste dwellers of hit, and of the maneres of the inhabitatores of hit.
Of the localle site of Irlonde. Irlonde, the laste of all the weste yles, toke the name of hit of Hiberus brother of Hermonius, whiche coniuncte to gedre gate that
Solinus. The see that departethe hit from Briteyne is perellous and fulle of water, and inquiete of alle the yere, and vnnethe able to be passede with schippes in eny tyme; extente in latitude cxxti m. passes.
Of the quantite and qualite of hit. The yle of Irlonde, after Briteyne moste extendede in to the northe, conteyn|ethe from Brendan hille to the yle callede Columbina xvixx. myles, and from Dublyn to the hilles of Seynte Patrikke viijxx. myles, whiche londe is more streyte in the myddes then at the endes, but hyt is in contrary
Solinus. That londe is so plentuous in pastures to bestes that the fattenes of theyme scholde cause perelle, with oute the bestes were removede from hit oþer while. Giraldus. The flesche of that cuntre inducethe sanite to men of that londe, and causethe strongeours to haue the flux for the moisture of the noryschenge of theyme. The flesche of a kowe is wholsom there; but swyne flesche be nyenge moche: the dwellers of hit be not vexede with the axes excepte the scharpe axes, and that is but selde. Men of that londe thenke that the wholsomnes of that londe and wontenge of venom excelle and compense alle the prides of the este, as in wode, herbes, gemmes, and oþer clothes. The holsomnes of that cuntre semethe
Of what thynges that londe is suffisiaunte. That londe is more habundaunte in kye then in oxen, in pasture then in corne. Neuerthelesse, hit habundethe in sal|mones, eles, lawmpreis, and in other fysche of the see; in egles, cranes, pokokkes, curlewes, sparrehowke, ffawken, and gentille gossehawke; hauenge wulphes and moste nyous myse, and weselles lytelle in body, but bolde in herte. Also there he bryddes whiche thei calle bernacles, lyke to wylde gese, whom nature producethe ageyne nature from firre trees, whom religious men do eite in fastenge daies, in that thei be not bredde and geten thro the acte off venery. But an obieccion may be made ageyne that cause; for and if a man scholde haue eiten of the flesche of Adam he scholde have eiten flesche with
Ysodorus, Harl. MS.
In what thynges that londe is defectiue. The cornes off whete be scarse there and lytelle. Also that londe
GIRALDUS rehersethe and seithe that londe was inhabitateti women. In the secunde tyme hit was inhabite of Bartholarius with iij. childer, of the stocke of Iaphethe son of Noe, in the iijc. yere after that grete floode; which encreasenge vn to the nowmbre of ix. m. alle diede thro the corrupcion of carion of the bodies of giauntes whom thei had oppressede, Ruan excepte, whiche lyvede by m. yere and a halfe, vnto the tymes of Seynte Patrike, tellenge to that holy man the gestes of that peple. In the thrydde time Nimeth or Nimedus, with his iiij. childer, cummenge from Scythia,Nymeth, α. and Cx.c. and xvi. yere; and at the laste that stokke and kynnerede de|stroyede by diverse infortuny of batelles and of oþer mor|talite, that londe was vacante from inhabitatores by ijc. yere
the tyme v. dukes and breþer german, Gandius, Sanandius, Segandius, Rutheragus, and Sclanius, commenge by succession of the stocke of Nimedus, com|menge from Grece, occupiede þat londe, diuidenge hit in to v. partes. Euery parte in that diuision did conteyne xxxij. tancredes. And a tancrede is a porcion of c. townes, whiche putte a ston in the myddes, as in the navelle, as the begynnenge of v. realmes. After that Sclanius was made the holle lorde of alle that londe. In the vthe tyme, that londe made feble by mony yere, iiij. sonnes of kynge Mil|lesius comme to hit with iijxx. sayles from Speyne, with mony other, of whom Heberus and Hermon were gouernoures, diuidede that realme amonge theyme, but by succession of tyme the bonde of luffe was broken betwene theyme. And so, Heberus sleyne, the holle monarchy succeedede to Her|mon, from the tyme of whom were cxxxjti kynges of that peple to the tyme of the firste Patrikke. And so from the commenge of theyme vn to the dethe of Seynte Patrikke
l yere and ccc. Men of Irlonde toke the name of theym of this Heberus, other elles after somme men of a floode of Speyne callede Heberus. Also thei were callede Gaiteles and Scottes after a man callede Gaitelus nevewe to Phenius, whiche, after the confusion of langages at the towre of Nemproth, wyse in diuerse langages did wedde Scota, the douȝhter of kynge Pharas, of whiche dukes men off Irlonde haue descendede. This Gaitelus, as hit is seide, made the langage of that cuntre, whiche is callede Gaitelaf, as a langage collecte of alle langages. At the laste Gurguntius, the sonne of Belyn kynge of Briteyne, turnenge from Denmarke to the yles callede Orcades, founde a certeyne peple of the cuntre of Speyne callede Bas|clenses, whiche desirenge to haue inhabitacion, the kynge sende theyme in to Irlonde to inhabite hit, that tyme voide of inhabitatores. Whiche made a certeyn gouernoure espe|cialle amonge theyme. Wherefore hit semethe that Irlonde longethe or perteynethe to Briteyne by olde lawe and
ti iij. kynges reigned from the tyme and commenge of the firste Patrikke to the tyme of kynge Fed|linidius in that londe by iiijc. yere. In the tyme of kynge Fedlinidius men of Norway commenge with a duke callede Turgesius occupiede that londe, makenge grete diches, cas|telles symple, dowble and threfolde as in veyne; for the men of Irlonde attende not to castelles, for thei vse woodes for castelles and marras. At the laste this duke Turgesius was perischede and extincte thro the disseyte of maydenes. And for cause the peple off Englonde sayethe and cryethe Gurmunde to haue subiugate Irlonde and to have made those dyches, hauenge not Turgesius in vre or in remem|braunce; but men of Irlonde remembre that duke Tur|gesius, hauenge noo remembraunce of Gurmunde;—there|fore hit it to vnderstonde Gurmunde to haue bene in the realme of Briteyne, whiche he subduede to hym, and to haue sende Turgesius with a multitude of peple to Irlonde
ti yere. After that thre breþer come to that yle from the partes of Norway, as in signe of pease, Aurelanus, Siracus, and Iuorus, with other people, whiche, thro the consente of men of Irlonde, ȝiffen to ydellenes, occupienge the places andti yere of his age, and in the xvijthe yere off his reigne, in the yere of oure Lorde God m. c. lxxvij., a c. lxxxj. kynges gouernede Yrlonde, not crownede neither anoyntede, neither occupienge hit by ryȝhtefulle inheritaunce, but obteynenge the predominy by strenȝhte and armes.
SOLINUS, the grete clerke, rehersethe that the peple of that londe be like to the peple of Barbre, bellicose, accom|ptenge
Giraldus. Mony men afferme and say that ther is an yle in the northe parte of Yrlonde whiche is callede the yle of men lyvenge, in whiche yle a man may not dye, but after that thei be detente with longe infirmite thei be brouȝhte to another yle nye to hit. Also there is an other yle, in whom a woman may not be delyuerede; neuerthelesse thei may conceyve in
ti m. passes in longitude and xv. m. in latitude, from whom the water, callede Banne, goethe furthe vn to the northe occean, to whiche place and water a meruellous chaunce happede, as hit is seide. For that abhominable vice of send|enge furthe of sede was vsede amonge men of that cuntre with brute bestes, where a welle vsede to be couerede for olde reuerence, laste at a tyme vncouerede that welle so habundaunte in water drownede alle that prouince. Where of hit happede a woman to haue goen to that welle for cause to drawe water, and leuenge hit vncouerede, makenge haste to here childe cryenge, the water was so habundante that hit pereschede þe woman with here childe, and makenge alle the prouince a water: an argumente and a probacion of this thynge dothe appere in that the fischer, vsenge to fische in that water, may see in the bryȝhte daies of somer vnder the waters hye towres and rownde of chirches, after the vse of that cuntre. Also at the sowthe parte of Irlonde, in
that, MS.
Giraldus rehersethe and seythe that like as men of that nacion be more impaciente afore other folke in this lyfe, and prompte to take vengeaunce, soe in like wise the seyntes of that cuntre be knowen to be of a moore vengeaunce then seyntes of other regiones. The clergy of that londe schynethe in chastite, ȝiffenge attendaunce to preier and to abstinence by the day artificialle, spendenge the nyȝhtes in surfettes and in ryette. Soe that hit may
Giraldus. Belles and crokede staves, and suche other thynges, be hade in that londe in grete veneracion, as thei vse in Wales and in Scotlande, in so moche that thei drede more to swere by theym then to swere on the masse booke. Amonge whom the staffe of Ihesus is as a thynge principalle, beenge at Dublynne, by whom thei say Seynte Paterike the firste to haue expellede serpentes and wormes owte from that londe with that staffe. Aug. de Civ., libro 16, cao. 7. And if hit be inquirede how diuerse kyndes of bestes whiche be procreate of commixtion myȝhte be in yles after the grete floode of Noe, hit is to be ȝiffen to credence that auther thei come thider by swymmenge,
Hit is made commune that the londe whiche is callede nowe Scotlande is the northe parte of the moore Briteyne, departede from hit by armes of the see towarde the sowthe, in other partes compassede with the see. That londe was callede somme tyme Albania, of Albanactus, the son of Brute, the kynge inhabitenge hit firste; other elles of Albannia, whiche is a parte of a londe callede Scythia, nye to þe Amazones. Wherefore Scoti, that be callede Scottes, be seide to take theire begynnenge of
c. yere and iijxx., whiche was clepede Hibernia, and Yrlonde afterwarde. Gir. in top. Whiche thynge is schewede amonge theyme as welle in armes as in maneres, and also by theire langage, and what for the affinite contracte betwene men of Yrlonde and theyme, of whom the Scottes toke theire wyfes, and also for the inhabitacion of men of Yrlonde dwellenge in hit. Beda, libro primo. Whiche men of Yrlonde goenge furthe with Reuda the gouernoure of theyme, from partes nye to Scotlande, takenge to theyme a place nye to the Pictes, taryede in the northe partes to theyme. Giraldus. That londe is callede now Scotlande, of Scottes commenge from Yrlonde, reignenge in hit by iijc. and xv. yere vn to the reigne of William Rufus,Ruphus, Harl. MS.the chapitre, when he seithe that the arche|bischoppe
the booke, the xvthe chapitre, that a grete parte of Scottes was in Irlonde, callenge in the same chapitre Yrlonde proprely that yle in the weste whiche is separate from alle Bryteyne by the see by a c. myles, and Scottelande, that parte whiche is callede now Scottelande, where he seithe that Amna an abbotte of that yle sailede to Yrlonde that he myȝhte teche men of that cuntre to knowe the lawefulle tyme of Ester, after that returnenge at theHerodotus. Scottes be liȝhte in sawle, cruelle and wylde; but now thei be amendede thro
Giraldus, dist. prima,De p., MS.; de p., Cx.; Harl. MS.capitulo octavodecimo. The princes of Scottes be not vsede to be anoynted, lyke to the kynges of Speyne. In that londe the memory of Seynte Andrewe thapostole is haloede gretely, and hade in veneracion; for blessede Andrew thapostole, whiche was sende by chaunce to preche to the men of the northe partes of the worlde, as to men of Scythia and to Pictes, diede at a cite callede Patras in the londe of Grece, where his boones restede vn
c. lx. and vii. yere. The boones of the apostle Seynte Andrew were translate that tyme vn to the cite off Constantinople, restenge there vn to the tyme of Theodosius emperoure by the space of a c. and x. yere. Then Vnguste, the kynge of Pictes in Scottelande, wastenge a grete parte of Briteyne, was compassede abowte with a innumerable hoste of Briteynes at a felde callede Merc. Herenge also a voice seyenge to hym, "Vngus, Vngus, here me thapostole of Criste promisenge helpe to the; for thou schalle haue the victory ageyne thyne enmyes by my helpe, if thou wille ȝiffe the thrydde parte of thy lyvelode to God in to almes and in the worschippe of blessede Andrewe his apostole." And in the thrydde day folowenge, Vngus, the kynge of the Pictes, hade victory of the Briteynes, enmyes to hym, the signe of the crosse goenge before his hoste. This kynge Vngus returnenge to his cuntre after that victory, diuidede his lyvelode in to thre partes, beynge not in certitude to what cite he scholde assigne that lyvelode in to the worschippe of Seynte Andrewe thapostle. Wherefore Vngus, that kynge, with alle his peple, faste by the space of thre daies,
THE auctor of this presente Cronicle towchethe in his progresse other processe rather Wales then Englonde, makenge haste to Wales to the kynrede of Priamus, to the bloode of grete Iupiter, and to the kynrede of Dar|danus. Begynne the state of that londe vnder these iiij. titles. Fyrste of the cause of the name; in the seconde of the preconyes; in the thridde of the rites of the peple in hit; and in the iiijthe of the mervayles of hit. Of the reason of the name of hit. That londe whiche is callede
Of the preconyes of that cuntre. That londe is plentuous in frutes, flesche, fische, horses, oxen, and schepe bothe wylde and tame. That londe is apte also to alle seedes, gresse, cornes, medoes, feldes, and
Of the rytes of the inhabitatores of hit. The vse of that cuntre differrethe from the rite of Englonde in clothenge, in fyndenge, and in mony other thynges. A mantelle and a schurte be the nowble thynges of vesture amonge theyme, whiche vse to bere fewe clothes in wynter,
Of the meruayles of Wales. At Brehenoc is a water habundante in fisches of diuerse coloures, where a man may see in clere tymes meruellous edifienges, where a meruellous noyce and sownde be herde. And if the prince of that londe come, the bryddes synge and make grete melody to him, schewenge not pleasure and comforte to eny other man. Also there is a grete broken hille nye to the walles of Kaerlyon, schynenge moche ageyne the beames of the sonne, whom peple calle Goldecliffe, in that hit schynethe like to golde. Whiche floure apperethe not there with owte frute, if the interialle partes of that hille
in the whiche, MS., originally.
AFTER the yles of the occean hit pleasethe vs to describethe of meruayles in hit to be hade in wondre. In the vthe of the principalle partes in hit. In the vjthe of yles colateralle to hit. In the vijthe of the kynges hye weyes. In the viijthe of famose floodes. In the ixthe of olde cites. In the xthe of prouinces and of schires. In the xjthe of lawes and of the hard wordes of hit. In the xijthe of the realmes and of the merkes of theyme.
the chapitre of byschopryches, and of the setes of þeim. In the xiiijthe of how mony, what peple, and when that londe was inhabite. In the xvthe of the lan|gage of the inhabitatores of hit, and of the maneres of theyme. Of diuersite of names of the yle of Briteyne.o lio, Anglia, whiche is callede Englonde, toke the name of hit of an angle of the worlde: other elles, after Bede in his firste booke, blessede Gregory seenge childer of Englonde to be sette furthe to be solde at Rome seide: Now truly thei may be callede Englishe men (Angells or Angellysmen),Solinus. For the costes of Fraunce scholde be as an ende of the worlde, but that Briteyne deseruethe allemoste the name of an other worlde. Alfr. That londe of Englonde is callede an yle, in that hit is trowblede ofte with waters and with þe incurses of enmyes.
Plinius, libro secundo, capitulo septuagesimo septimo. That londe of Briteyne lyethe from the costes of Ger|many, of Fraunce, and of Speyne, betwene the northe and weste, departede from theyme by the see. That londe is
ti myles. Beda, libro primo. And for cause that londe lyethe in the northe partes of the worlde, hit hathe liȝhte nyȝhtes in the somer, in so moche that a question is made oftetymes abowte the myddes of the nyȝhte wheþer hit be day or nay for cause of suche liȝhte; for the sonne is not ferre vnder the erthe from that cuntre, wherefore that cuntre hathe daies in the somer of a grete lenghthe, and longe nyȝhtes in the wyntere; that is to say, the daies be of xviij. howres in somer, and the nyȝhtes in wyntere of xviij. howres, and the day of vj. howres. Sythe in Armeny, Macedony, Ytaly, and other regiones of the same costes, the longeste day other nyȝhte is but oonly of xv. houres equinoccialle, and þe moste schorte day other nyȝhte dothe complete oonly but ix. howres. Plinius. In an yle callede Meroris, whiche is as the hede of men of Ethioppe, where hit is that the longeste day is but of xij. howres equinoccialle, and at Alexandria in Egipte
is of vj. houres continually, MS. originally; but the cancel is apparently by the first hand.Isidorus, libro quarto decimo. Briteyne is putte betwene the ocean, as with owte the worlde, sette as vn to the prospecte of Speyne. Giraldus. That londe of Englonde is longe, more large in the myddes of hit then in the extremites. Orosius. That londe of Briteyne is extendede by lenghthe from theBeda, libro primo. Whiche cite is callede now of the peple of Englonde Reptachestre. Solinus. Briteyne conteynethe in longitude lxxxti ml passes, what man that wylle take the measure of hit from Toteneise vn to the angle of Cali|donia. Alfr. That is from a place that is callede Pen|withstrete, by xv. leukes behynde Mochillestowe in Corne|waile, vn to Catenesse: hauenge in latitude moo then ij. c. ml.
Yarmouth is written above the word in a later hand.ti tymes viijthe and lxxti ml of passes.
LYKE as Fraunce excellethe Briteyne, so in lyke wyse Briteyne excedethe Yrlonde in beaute, but not in wholle|somnesse. Beda, libro primo. For that londe is moste plentuous in cornes and trees to be norischede, whiche is apte to bestes; plentuous of bryddes bothe in the see and londe of diuerse kyndes; habundante in waters fulle of fische, specially of pyke and ele. Willelmus de Pont. libro tertio. Where fisches be so habundante that churles fede theire swyne with fische. Beda, libro primo. Fysches whiche be callede dolphynes be taken there oftetymes, and porpas,
Plinius, libro sexto decimo, capitulo sexto. Also there is founde in that yle vnder the erthe a kynde of erthe, whom men calle marle, whiche caste in to the feldes causethe grete plen|tuousenes of corne. Also there is founde an other kynde of chalke, whiche dispersede in feldes makethe theym plen|tuous vn to the lxxx. yere folowenge. Solinus. That yle
Beda. That ston made in powdre, and caste in to the fire, expellethe serpentes. Isidorus, libro quinto de|cimo. There be schepe plentuous in wolle, and moche dere of diuerse kyndes, fewe wulphes, þerfore schepe be lefte in more suerte in theire places. ℞. In that londe be mony feire cites, grete waters and fulle of fische, and plentuous in wodes, where be also mynes of stones diuerse in colour, redde and white, softe and harde, and white chalke. Also there is white cleye and redde, where of thei make pottes
Item Henricus sic. The londe of Briteyne is the worschippe and floure of regiones of the costes of the see, whiche londe is contente with the propre fertilite of hit selfe, refreschenge other straunge peple hauenge nede
Item Alfridus sic. This yle of Englonde is plen|tuous, and to be enhauncede with a lawde celicalle, whiche is so habundante in hit selfe that hit hathe not necessite to eny other yle other place of the worlde. Whiche londe is a towre of refute to alle other regiones, the delites of whom Salomon desirethe, and Octauian the rychesse.
Solinus. Sythe the yle of Briteyne conteynethe in hit mony thynges to be hade in meruayle, neuertheles iiij. thynges ar to be hade in meruayle in hit specially afore other thynges. The firste is at Pectun, where the wynde goethe furthe so faste that hit castethe owte clothes caste in to hit. The secunde is at Stanhenges, nye to Salisbury, where stones of a grete magnitude be exaltede in to the maner of ȝates, that thei seme as ȝates putte on ȝates, where hit can not be clerely perceyvede how and wherefore the stones were sette there. The thrydde is at Sherdehoole, where a holo place is vnder the erthe in to whom mony men haue entrede, seenge waters in hit, cowthe not come to thende of hit in eny wise. The iiijthe is, that reyne is seene to be eleuate from hilles, and to be diffudede anoon thro the
ti foote in longitude, and xxti foote in brodenes, whiche is not deipe but to the knees of a man, hauenge hye brynkes to hit on euery side. Also in the cuntre callede Wenta is a diche, from whom the wynde blawethe incessantely, in so moche that a man may not stonde afore hit. Also there is a water in that cuntre that turnethe a tre in to a ston if hit tary in þat water, where trees or woode be formede in to whettestones. Also there is a beryalle in the toppe of an hille, where euery man com|mynge schalle fynde his measure and quantite; and if a pilgreme, other elles a wery man, boo his knees þer to hit, he schalle not fele eny disease. Giraldus in Topographia. Also there is a woode fulle of frute nye to the monastery of Wynneburne, not ferre from Bathe; the wodde of hit putte in to a water nye to that place by a yere be turnede in to a ston. Giraldus in Itinerario. Also there rennethe a water vnder the cite of Chestre namede Dee, whiche di|uidethe
Willelmus de Regi|bus, libro secundo. Hit is to be considerate how that diuine powere hathe lyȝhtede the peple of Englonde sythe that thei toke the feithe of Criste, where so mony seyntes be not founde in eny other prouince as in that; as of Seynte Edwarde, Seynte Edmunde the kynge, Elphegus, Cuthberte, and Seynte Thomas of Cawnterbery, with mony other seyntes; whiche y suppose to be causede by the inspiracion of Godde, that a nacion as putte with owte the worlde thro þe con|sideracion
THE yle of Briteyne began to haue iij. principalle partes in hit after the firste tymes of Brute, that is to say, Loegria, whiche is callede now Englonde, takenge the name of hit of Locrinus the firste son of Brute, and Wales, and Albania that is now Scottelande. The merkes of whom were firste the see of Fraunce at the este and at the weste. Beda, libro primo, capitulo duodecimo. Also in the northe partes of that cuntre be ij. floodes brekenge vp eiche from other by a grete space, thauȝhe thei towche not to gedre, the este parte of whom begynnethe allemoste by the space of ij. myles from a monastery callede Eburcuring, at the weste of a cite callede Penulton, whiche hathe in hit a cite calledde Tweda. The oþer parte of the weste see begynnethe at
AND the yles excepte whom Claudius Cesar causede to perteyne to Briteyne, that londe hathe iij. yles nye to hit as corespondente to thre principalle partes of Briteyne: for the yle of Wyȝhte lyethe nye to the sowthe parte of Englonde. And at the northe parte of Wales is an yle whiche is callede Monia other Anglesey, and also the yle of Man at the weste parte of Scotlande, whiche be allemoste of oon quantite, of whom hit schalle be seide by ordre. Beda, libro primo, capitulo tertio. That yle of Wiȝhte, whom Vespasian sendeti myles, beenge from the sowthe in to the northe by xij. myles, and from the side of the sowthe see of Briteyne by vj. myles in the este parte of hit, and by thre myles in the weste. Beda, libro quarto capitulo quinto decimo. The measure of that
lcc. townesplaces, MS. (first hand).Giraldus in Itinerario. The yle of Monia, whiche otherwise callede Anglesey, is de|partede from Northe Wales by ij. myles, as by a lytelle arme of the see, whiche conteynethe ccc. lx. and iij. townes, andti myles in longitude and xij. myles in latitude; and a cantrede is callede as welle in the langage of Englonde, as in the langage of Irlonde, a porcion of erthe other grownde con|teynenge an c. townes. In to the lawde of whom hit is wonte to be seide prouerbially in Walesche, Monia mamman, Harl. MS.Kymry, whiche sowndethe in Englische, Anglesey is the moder of Wales; for other londes wontenge vitelles that cuntre is habundante, in so moche that Angleseye in corne and Snawdon hilles in pasture scholde suffice as by esti|macion alle the peple of Wales and alle the bestes of that
Giraldus, in Itinerario. That other yle whiche is callede Euvonia, other elles the yle of Man, is seide to be as in the mydde see betwene Vlster in Yrlonde, and the Scottes of Galaweye. Beda, libro primo, capitulo nono. Of whiche yle a contencion was made wheþer hit scholde perteyne to Englonde, other elles to Yrlonde, and men brouȝhte wormes and vermyn to hit, and for cause that londe suffrede the wormes to lyve, thei seide that grownde to longe to Englonde and not to Yrlonde.
Beda, libro secundo. That yle was inhabite firste of the Scottes. Also there is an yle nye to Kente callede Thanatos, namede so of the dethe of serpentes, the erthe of whiche yle brouȝhte in to other cuntres sleethe serpentes; whiche yle is plentuous; and mony men say that yle to haue bene blessede by Seynte Austyn, the firste doctor of Englonde londenge there firste.
Gaufridus: Molimicius, the xxiiijti kynge of Briteyne, and the firste maker of lawe of theyme, ordeinede that the ploes ofthe principalle wey is callede RikenildeBikenilde, Harl. MS.
Alfridus. Thre famose floodes floo thro Briteyne, to whom and thro whom marchandise commethe allemoste from alle naciones and regiones by schippe, whiche be Thamys, Seuerne, and Humbre, whiche waters departe three princi|palle prouinces as thre realmes, that is to say, Englonde, Wales, and Northumbrelonde. ℞. Thamisia, whiche is callede Temmys, semethe to be compownde of ij. waters, whiche be callede Thamia and Isa. That streme callede Tame rennenge by Dorchestre fallethe in to Ise, þerfore alle that water rennenge soe togedre is called Tammyse.
Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro secundo. The water of Tham|myse takenge the originalle of hit nye to Tewkesbury of a lytelle welle, floethe by Oxforde, London, vn to the haven of Sandewiche, goenge þer in to the este see, reteynenge the name of hit paste London by xlti myles, whiche was somme tyme as a cause terminative of men of Kente, of Este Saxones, West Saxones, and of men of the Marches. Seuerne, a floode of Briteyne, is callede Habren, of Habren doȝhter of Estrilde, whom a qwene callede Guendolena drownede in hit, but now hit is callede Sabrina, by the corrupcion of the langage of Latyn. That water of Seuerne begynnethe in the myddes of Wales, and goethe firste towarde the este vn to Schrewisbury, after that hit turnethe in to the sowthe to Brugges, Worchestre, and to Glocestre, fallenge in to the see at Bristowe, whiche was somme tyme a terme of Englonde and of Wales. Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro quarto. Seuerne is a perellous streme fulle of fische, in whom is such a movenge that hit turnethe vp the grauelle from the bothom of the water, and makethe theyme in a grete hepe
rennenge is the true reading.cause hit MS. (first hand.)
Beda, libro primo, capitulo primo. The region of Briteyne was made nowble somme tyme with xxiijti nowble cites, ex|cepte castelles innumerable, whiche were made with sure walles, towres, ȝates, and lokkes. Alfridus. These were the names of the cites:—Caerlud, London; Caerbranc, Yorke; Caerkente, Caunterbery; Caergorangon, Worcestre; Caerlirion, Leircestre;
Willelmus de Ponti|ficibus, libro secundo. London is a nowble cite sette on Thamys, hauenge in it nowble marchauntes, wherefore when derthe off vitayles is in Englonde, there thei be moste dere;
Gaufridus. Brute, the firste kynge of Briteyne, made that cite of London as the firste and principalle cite of Briteyne in to the memorye of Troye y-loste, callenge hit Trinouantum, that is to saye Newe Troye. After that kynge Lud callede hit after his name, Kaerlud, wherefore the Britones hade indignacion, as Gildas rehersethe, and at the laste Englische men callede hit London. Kynge Ruthudibras, the son of kynge Leille, edifiede Cawnterbury, the princi|palle cite in Kente, whom he callede Caerkente, whiche was callede afterwarde of Englische men Dorobernia; for there is an other towne in that cuntre that is callede Dovernia,the kynge of Briteyne, son of kynge Leille, made the cite of Bathe, whom he callede after his propre name Caerbadun, and afterwarde of Englische men Achamannia, and at laste Bathonia, other elles in Englische Bathe. Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro secundo. In that cite be bathes, of whom Iulius Cesar was seide to be auctor. ℞. But Gaufridus Mone|metensis seithe in his boke of Briteyne that kynge Bladud was the firste auctor of theyme; and perauenture William, that see not the boke of Briteyne, seide so by the rehersenge of other men, other elles of his propre con|iecture, lyke as he did wryte mony other thinges. Never|thelesse, thauȝhe kynge Bladud made that cite of Bathe, the bathes scholde seme to be causecausede, Harl. MS.a cite, and coyte, a woode, where|fore Caerludcoit is seide as the cite fulle of wood of Ludd. Leir, the xthe kynge of Britones, son to kynge Bladud, made the cite of Leircestre as in the mydelle place of Englonde on the water of Sore, and on the hieweye and diche of the kynge.
Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro tertio. The cite of Yorke is large, and edifiede on either side of Owse, as after the cite of Rome, vn tylle that William Conquerour deformede hit thro
Gaufridus. Ebrancus, the vthe kynge of Briteyne, made that cite of Yorke, whom he namede Caerbranc. Also that same kynge made ij. other nowble cites; oone was in Scottelande, whiche is callede Edengborouȝh, that other cite was in the costes of Englonde, towarde Scottelonde, whiche was callede Alcluid. ℞. Edengborouȝh is a cite in the londe of Pictes, betweene the water of Twide and the Scottes see, whiche was callede somme tyme the Castelle of Maidenes, after that it was callede Edyngborough, of Edan kynge of Pictes, whiche reignede there in the tyme of Egfride kynge of Northumbrelonde. Alcluid was somme tyme a nowble cite, now beenge vnknowen allemoste of alle Englische men, whiche was a nowble cite in the tyme of Britones, of Pictes, vn to the commenge of Danes in to this londe of Englonde; and at the laste, abowte the yere ofc. lxxti yere, the Danes, destroyenge the costes of Northumbrelonde, destroyed that cite of Alcluid. Of
o, that cite to be edifiede at the weste parte of an arme of the see, whiche departede somme tyme the Pictes from Britones, where the famose walle was terminate at the weste; and so hit semethe after Bede that hit was not ferre from Caerliel, for hit is putte also at the ende of that walle. Also other writers of stories reherse and wille that the cite of Alcluid be that towne whiche is callede now Aldelburghe, whiche sownedethe an olde towne, whiche is sette nye to the floode of Ouse, not ferre from Burbrugge, whiche is from Yorke by xv. myles at the weste of hit. And this position semethe to be probable of the dictes of Gaufride in his boke of the gestes of Britones, whiche affermethe þatti myles, of whiche woode a grete parte is kytte downe to brenne, and for other thynges necessary. Other men wille that Al|cluid be that cite whiche is callede now Burgham, in the northe partes of Westemerlonde, nye to Cumbir|londe, sette on the floode of Eden, of whom mervellous stappes appere ȝitte. Wherefore y cownselle that a prudente lector iuge what weye is to be holden of that cite off Alcluid. Caerliel is a cite in the northe partes of Englonde, towarde the northeweste, whiche was callede otherwise Ligubalia, whom Leil the vijthe kynge of Britones did make. ℞. That cite hathe parte of that famose walle
Willelmus de Ponti|ficibus, libro tertio. In whiche cite a threfolde chambre remaynethe ȝitte, that can not be defilede with fire, other elles with eny other tempeste, in whom a wrytenge is con|teynede of the victory of Marius. ℞. Whiche semethe to be probably that theke mencion is made there of Marius kynge of Britones, son to Aruiragus, whiche overcome Roderike the kynge of Pictes in those costes, as Gaufride rehersethe in his boke of Briteyne, whom William Malmesbury hathe not seen. The chirche of HaugustaldensBeda, libro
tertio, capitulo primo. And that place is nye to the fa|mose walle at the northe parte. Also there is difference betwene the prouince of Lindesey and the chirche Lindis|farnens. For the prouince of Lyndesey liethe at the este of Lincolne, whiche is chiefe cite to that prouince, of whom Beda spekethe, libro iiijto, capitulo xio, where Sex|wulphus was firste bischoppe. But the chirche Lindifar|nence, after Bede, libro iiijto capitulo [x]xiijo, is an yle whiche is callede the Holylonde, in the water of Twide, nye to Berewike: wherefore hit may be collecte of the seyenge of Bede, that there be iij. yles in that famose arme of the see in whom the water of Twide floethe, whiche departethe now of the este parte Englische men from Scottes. The firste yle, somme tyme callede Maylros, is callede now Meuros. Then from that towarde the weste is the chirche of Lindisfarnence in Halielonde. Also there is an yle whiche is callede Farnelonde. Also there a cite longenge somme tyme to the kynge, sette on the brynke off Twide, within the space of ij. myles, callede somme tyme Bembanburgh, that is to say the cite of Bebbe, callede now Banburghe, hauenge a stronge castelle in hit.
Giraldus, in Itinerario. There be ij. cites of legiones, oon was callede Caerlegion or Caerlyon, oon is in Sowthe Wales, whiche is callede Caerhuth, whiche beenge at the water callede Usca, is so namede, fallenge into the water of Seuerne nye to Glomorgan, edifiede somme tyme of Belinus, kynge of Englonde, whiche was the chiefe cite off Sowthe Wales. After that hit was callede the Cite off Legiones, when legiones of the Romanes were sende to Yrlonde at the instance of a qwene, callede Genuissa,Gemissa, Harl. MS.m. monkes of the famose monas|tery of Bangor. That is the cite also to whom kynge Edgare come somme tyme with other vij. litelle kynges; in to the lawde of whom a metricion seythe in this wise. That cite of Chestre toke the name of hit of a castelle callede Cestria, as Castria, the firste founder of whom is not hade in certitude; callede somme tyme Legecestria, other elles the cite of legiones; whiche is now a nowble cite, bothe to Englische men and to Walsche men; in the walles of whiche cite stones honge lyke to the actesthe, Godescallus somme tyme Cesar, and kynge Haralde were beryede. There Mars, Mercurius, Venus, Proteus,La|uerne; but even so, the metre limps.
HIT is to be attended that Englonde conteynethe xxxxijti schires other provinces, Cornewaile excepte and other yles. Alfridus. These be the names of the schires, Kente, Southesex, Sutherey, Hampteschire, Barrokeschire, takenge that name of hit of a bare oke in the foreste of Wyndeshore, where men of that province were wonte to mete for a tretys to be made betwene partes; also Wildeschire, that was callede somme tyme the province of Seuerne, So|mersete, Dorsete, Deuenschire. These ix. sowthe pro|uinces aforeseide, thauȝhe Thamys departethe theyme, thei were iuggede somme tyme by the lawe of the Weste Saxones, whiche is callede Westesaxenelaga. But Estesex,
ti hundredes, whiche be callede wapentakes, for a hundrede in Latynti schires. And if that plage of North|umbrelonde be diuidede into vj. provinces, whiche be Euerwikschire, Duremschire, Northumbrelonde, Carliel|schire, Appelbeschire, Lancastreschire, then there be in Englonde xxxvjti schires, except yles perteynenge to that londe, and also Cornewaile. Whiche alle William Conque|rour,
ti schires were founde and dimid., lijti m. and lxxx. townes, and xlti and v. m. peresche chirches and tweyne, lx. m. fees of knyȝhtes and xv., of whom religious men have xxviijti m. and xv. fees; but now, woodes kytte downe and made arable londe, there be mony moo townes and hides of londe then were in that tyme.
Dunwallo Molimicius ordeynede firste lawes in Briteyne, the lawes of whom were callede Molimitine, obseruede and
d. Wapentake and hundrede be the same as the precincte of an c. townes, whiche were wonte to yelde there weppens in the firste commenge of theire lorde. Lestage, that is a thynge required in feires. Stallage, an exaccion for stond|enge in the hie weies in tyme of feires.
The monarchy of the yle of Briteyne stode inconcussede from the firste Brute to Iulius Cesar; whiche yle paiede a tribute to the Romanes from the tyme of Iulius vn to the tyme of Seuerus; the succession of Britones faylenge Romanes reignede in hit. At the laste, the Romanes
ti yeres continually in hit. Seynte Edwarde the thrydde regnede after the Danes xxiijti yere and more, and Haralde after hym by ix. monethes. After whom Normannes regnede in hit vn to oure tymes, God knowethe how longe that schalle continue. ℞. Of whiche vij. realmes aforeseide, and of the merkes of theyme,
Alfridus. The firste realme was of men of Cawnturbery, protendede from the sowthe occean vn to the floode of Thamys, in whom Hengiste roignede firste in the yere of oure Lorde God, after Dionysius, cccc. lv. yere, and that realme durede by ccc. lxviij. yere vnder xv. lytelle kynges, vntil, BaldredusHaldredus, Harl. MS.ti yere from the commenge of Englische men, whiche realme wente soone after in to other realmes. The thrydde realme was of Estesex, hauenge on the este to hit the see of Fraunce, on the weste the cite of London, on the sowthe Thamys, on the northe to hit, Southefolke. Thethe realme was of Este Englische men, comprehend|enge Northefolke and Southefolke, hauenge at the este to hit and on the northe the see, at the weste the dyche of Seynte Edmunde and Hertefordschire, at the sowthe Estesex; and this realme durede vnder xij. kynges, vn tyl Seynte Edmunde sleyne, the Danes vsurpede the realme of Estenglonde, and also of Estesex; whom kynge Ed|warde the senior put to his realme, the Danes other put to fliȝhte other subacte. The vthe realme was of Weste|saxones, moste durable of alle realmes, hauenge on the este to hit Sowthesex, on the northe Thamys, on the sowthe and weste the occean. In whom Cerdicus began to reigne with Kymricus his son, after Dionysius, the yere of oure Lorde God vc. xix. yere, from the commenge of Englische men lxxj. yere. In to whom oþer realmes wente. The sexte realme was of the Marches, more large then other realmes. The merkes of whom were, at the weste, the floode of Dee nye to Chestre, and the floode of Seuerne nye to Shrewesbury vn to Bristowe, at the este the
weste, Harl. MS.c. xvj., and from the commenge of Englische men a c. yere lxxv., whiche realme contynuede vnder xviij. kynges abowte ijc. yere lx. and iij., vn to the laste Colwulphus; whiche expulsede, the Danes made Burdredus kynge of hit. That realme was diuidede in to thre partes in the firste begynnenge, that is to say, in to the Weste Marches, in to the Myddelle Marches, and in to the Este Marches. The vijthe realme was of Northumbrelonde, the merkes of whom were, on the este and on the weste, the occean; on the sowthe, the water of Humbre; descendenge towarde the weste by the costes of the schires of Notyngham and of Derbye vn to the water
c. xlvijti; and kynge Elle began to reigne in Deira, after Dionysius, in the yere of grace vc. xlix.: whiche realmes continuede otherwhile vnder oon kynge, otherwhile vnder tweyne, as vnder xxti kynges as by ccc. yere xxjti. At the laste, Osbrutus and Elle sleyne
the year of theire reigne, Northumbre|londe was vacante of a kynge viijthe yeres. And from that tyme the Danes reignede in hit xxxvjti yeres, vn to the monarchy off kynge Athelstan, whiche obteynede the mo|narchye of all Englonde in the yere of oure Lorde viijc. xxvij., subduenge the kynges of Danes, of Wales, and of Scottes. That the water of Mersee was somme tyme the terme other the merke of the marches of Northumbrelonde, hit may be schewede by ij. maneres; firste by the significacion of the name, for Mersee in Englische sowndethe as a see terminatiue, for hit disterminate oon realme from an other. Also hit is hade in the cronicles of Henricus and Alfride, that kynge Edwarde the senior sette the castelle at Mam|cestre in the londe of Northumbrelonde, whiche cite is from the water of Mersee but by iij. myles.
Alfridus. There were thre seetes of archebyschoppes in Englonde in the tyme of Lucius, kynge of Briteyne, firste kynge y-baptizede, that is to say, at London, at Yorke, andCaerhusc.ti bischoppes were subiecte, callede flamines. And to the metropolitan of London alle the cuntre of Corne|waile and alle Englonde was subiecte vn to the floode of Humbre. Alle Northumbrelonde, from the water of Hum|bre, with alle Scottelande, was subiecte to tharchebischop of Yorke; and alle Wales was subiecte to the byschoppe of the Cite of Legiones, where that tyme were vij. bischoppes, and now Wales is made nowble with iiij. suffraganes, whom the floode of Seuerne dividede that tyme from Englonde. Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro primo. But thawȝhe blessede Gregory grawntede thro his priuilege the seete of tharchebisschoppe to be at London; neuertheles Seynte Austyn, sende from hym in to Englond, after the dethe of Blessede Gregory caused tharchebischoppe seete to be removede from London to Canterbery, thro helpe of
Giraldus in Itinerario, libro secundo. The seete of the metropolitan was translate from the Cite of Legiones vn to Meneuia, at the weste of Sowthe Wales, sette on the see of Yrlonde, in the tyme of Seynte Dauid, vnder kynge Arthure; from the tyme of whom vn to the tyme of Sampson the bischop xiijti archebischoppes were þer. At the laste an infirmitie reignenge in Wales, whiche was callede the iawndres, Sampson the bischoppe, takenge with hym the palle, wente
ti bischoppes kepede residence at Meneuia, wontenge aOf the bischoppes of the Sowthe.ti bischoppes from the firste, Wilfridus, vn to the laste, Stigandus, by ccc.xxxiijti yere. At the laste Stigandus, thro the commaundement of William Conqueroure, did trans|late that seete of Selesey to Chichestre.
HIT is to be hade in memory that alle the prouince of Weste Saxones had oon bischop from þe begynnenge vn to the tyme of Theodorus. Birinus, the firste bischop in that prouince, sette the seete at Dorchestre, a meke place, thro the graunte of Kyngelfus, kynge of Weste Saxones; whiche seete was at the sowthe of Oxforde, nye to Walyngeforde, betwene the metenge of ij. floodes, Tham and Yce. That byschop Byryne dedde, Kewacus kynge ordeynede that seete to be at Wynchestre, lyke as his fader proposede to have doen somme tyme, where Agilbertus, borne in Fraunce, hadde gouernaile firste on alle the province of Weste Saxones. From whiche tyme the cite and seete of Dor|chestre
the seete was at Ramisbury, to whom Willeschire was subiecte. At the laste alle these seetes were remouede from townes to cites, thro commaundemente of William Conqueroure, the seete of Wynchestre excepte. For the seetes of Shirborne and of Ramisbery were chaungede to Salisbery, to whom Barokshire, Willeschire, and the pro|uinces of Dorsette be subiecte. And the seete of Welles was chaungede vn to Bathe, to whom Somerset is subiecte. The seetes of Cridence and of Cornubiense were remouede to Excestre, to whom Deuenschire and Cornewaile be subiecte.
HIT is to be attended that the Este Saxones were obe|diente from the begynnenge vn to this tyme presente to the bishop of London. But a byschop, Felix by name,
the yere of William Conquerour, when Herfastus, the xxiijti bischop of the este, did translate the seete of Hely to Ted|forde. And Herebertus Losinga, his successor, remouede that seete from Tedforde to Norwiche, thro licence of Wil|liam Rufus. Kynge Henry the firste ordeynede that seete of Hely the ixthe yere of his reigne, subduede to hit the prouince of Cantebrigge, whiche pertenede a fore that tyme to the byschopryche of Lincolne; in a recompensacion þer of he ȝafe to the bischop of Lincolne the towne of Spal|denge.
HIT is to be attendede, that like as the impire of the Marches was moste large, so hit was diuided in to mosteof Offa, Harl. MS., by a cleri|cal error, it is to be hoped.Lindeseye, MS. (first hand.)the, Cedda the vthe. But Theo|dorus archebischop, after the deathe of Seynte Chadde, ordeynede Wynfrede, dekyn of Seynte Chadde, in the tyme of Ethelrede, brother of Wulferus, whiche was deposede for cause of a certeyne inobediency, makenge Sexwulphus byschop þer, abbot of Medehamstede, whiche is callede now Petrusborough. But after the iiijthe yere of Sexwulphus, Theodorus, tharchebischop, ordeinede v. byschoppes to
ti yere, vn tylle that Remi|gius
Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro quarto, capitulo secundo. Oon seete was firste at Yorke, for alle the prouince off Northumbrelonde, whom Paulinus occupiede firste by the space of vij. yere. After that Edwinus, kynge of Northum|brelonde, sleyne, Paulinus toke schippe and saylede to Kente, from whens he come, takenge the palle with hym. Willelmus, libro tertio. And so the bischopperiche of
ti yere, and the vse of the palle seasede there by a c. xxvti yere vn tyl þat bischoppe Egberte, brother to the kynge of that londe, recurede the palle thro auctorite of the pope. ℞. After that, Seynte Oswalde reignenge, Aidanus, a Scotte, hade gouernaile in Bernicia, after whom Finanus,Sinanus, Harl. MS.Willelmus ubi supra. Whiche goenge in to Scotlonde, as for indigna|cion, in that he was reprovede by Wilfride of vnlawefulle kepenge of Estur, Wilfride was restorede to the seete of Yorke after the departenge of Paulinus, in the xxxti yere. Beda, libro quarto. But Wilfride taryenge in Fraunce abowte his consecracion, Seynte Chadde was taken and made bischoppe þer, thro helpe of kynge Oswy; whiche, re|mouede with in the space of thre yere by Theodorus tharche|bischop, was made bischop of the Marches, and Wilfride was restorede to hit ageyne. Whiche Wilfride was expul|sede with in the space of x. yere foloenge, Theodorus tharche|bischoppe cooperante and corrupte, for cause of conten|cion
the yere of his reigne, ordeynede a newe seete, Caerlielle.
THE metropolitan of Caunterbury hathe vnder hym xiij. bischoppes in Englond, and iiij. in Wales, that is to say:— the bischop of Rochestre, whiche hathe gouernayle oonly in Kente. Also of London whiche hathe rewle in Estesex, Midelsex, and of the halfe of Hertefordeschire. Also the bischop of Chichestre whiche is presidente oonly of Southe|sex and of the yle of Wyȝhte. The bischop of Wyn|chestre, whiche is presidente in Hampteschire and Surry. And of Salisbury þat is presidente of Dorset, Barrokschire,
l c. xcv.,l. c. 95, Harl. MS. The Roman and Arabic numerals are used pro|miscuously elsewhere.
THIS yle callede Englonde now hade Britones the firste inhabitatores of hit, in þe xviijthe yere of Hely preste, in the tyme of Siluius Posthumus kynge of Latines, þe xliijti yere after the destruccion of Troye, by cccc. yere and xxxijti afore the cite of Rome was edifiede. Beda, libro primo. Whiche commenge from Armorike occupiede a longe season the sowthe partes of the yle of Briteyne. Hyt
Scicia or Scitia, MSS., as usual; and so below.Gaufridus. In the tyme of Vespasian emperoure, Marius son of Aruiragus reignenge at Britones, Rodricus a kynge of Pictes, commenge from Scythia,Scicia or Scitia, MSS., as usual; and so below.Giraldus De Papa, capitulo septimo. Neuerthelesse Seruius on Virgille callethe the Pictes Agathyrsi,Agatirsi, Harl. MS.Gaufridus.
o, capitulo 2o, seyenge, Seynte Ronyon conuertede þe sowthe Pictes. And at the laste the Saxones causede that coste to perteyne to the prouince of Northumbrelonde, vn til Kinadius the son of Alpinus, kynge of Scottes, destroyenge the Pictes, made that territory whiche is betwene Twede and the Scottissee to longe to his realme. Beda, libro primo, capitulo primo. And in processe of tyme the Scottes, takenge to theyme Reuda of Yrlonde to theire gouernoure, whiche londe is nye to the Scottes, wente furthe and toke to theyme seetes, what thro marte other fauor, nye to the Pictes, at the northe parte of an arme of the see,
dal in the langage of theyme signifiethe parte. Gaufridus,De Inst. Princ. lib. l. c. 6.distinctione prima. The Pictes, hauenge not licence to marye with the doȝhters of Britones, mariede with the Scottes of Yrlonde, movenge theym to inhabite that londe with theyme, [and] grauntede to theyme the londe in the costes nye to the see, where the see is not brode and large, callede now Galaway. Marianus. The Scottes londed,Beda. And so the Scottes brouȝhte to Englonde the thridde peple, after Britones and Pictes. ℞. And at the laste the Saxones desirede to inhabite that londe of the Britones ageyne the Scottes and Pictes, the Britones expulsede in to Wales, occupiede that londe to the
the nacion. Beda, libro quinto, capitulo nono. And for cause Englische men other Saxones toke theire originalle of Germanye, ȝitte thei be callede schortely Germanni of the nye peple of Britones. ℞. And abowte the viijc. yere of grace Egbertus kynge of Weste Saxones commaundede alle the inhabitatores of that londe to be callede Englische men. Alfridus. After the tymes of Egberte by ijc. yere foloenge allemoste, the Danes entrenge in to that yle brouȝhte the vthe peple in to hit vn to the tymes of Seynte Edwarde, but thei failede afterwarde. After that the Normannes with William Conqueroure subduenge Englische men to theyme, hauenge that londe in possession vn to this tyme, brouȝhte the vjthe peple to that yle. But after that men of Flaundres toke to theyme an inhabitacion at Mailros, the este plage of Englonde, with a grete multitude, in the tyme of kynge Henry the firste, and brouȝhte the vijthe peple in to Englonde as for a season and tyme. But after that thei were removede
Giraldus, distinctione prima. Briteyne occupiede some tyme with the Saxones, and a stable fidelite made with the Pictes, the Scottes whiche
HIT may be schewede clerely to the wytte that there were so mony diuersites of langages in that londe as were diuersites of nacions. But Scottes and men of Wales kepe theire propre langage, as men inpermixte with other naciones; but perauenture Scottes haue taken somme parte
as of should be cancelled.the the, Harl. MS.Willel|mus de Pontificibus, libro tertio. Alle the langage of men of Northumbrelonde, and specially in Yorke, sowndethe so that men of the sowthe cuntre may vnnethe vnderstonde the langage of theyme, whiche thynge may be causede for the nye langage of men of barbre to theyme, and also for the grete distaunce of kynges of Englonde from hyt, whiche vse moste the southe partes of that londe, returnenge not in to the costes of the northe but with a grete multi|tude. Also an other cause may be assignede, for the sowthe partes be more habundante in fertilite then the northe partes, moo peple in nowmbre, hauenge also more plesaunte portes.
A DECLARACION hade in processe precedenge as of þe maneres of men of Wales and of Scottes, we schalle deter|minate of the rites of the permixte peple of Englonde. Giraldus in Itinerario. And that peple of FlaundresPolicronicon,libro vjto. Wherefore hit is that Eugenius the pope seide the peple of Englonde apte to euery thynge, and to be preferrede a fore peple of other naciones but for inconstance of theyme; and like as Hannibal denyede the Romanes to be ouercome but in theire propre cuntre, soe in lyke wise theHenricus, libro sexto. For cause that Englische men be ȝiffen to treason, drunkenesse, and to the negligence of þe howse of God, thei schalle be punyschede sore, firste by Danes, in the secunde tyme by Normannes, in the thrydde tyme by the Scottes, whom thei acompte as a peple moste
Ex|plicit Liber Primus.
THE ordre of the narracion of stories requirethe that the gestes of the worlde scholde be describede also after the places of the worlde schewede and expressede; then, sythe the gretter worlde was made for the lesse worlde, as hit is seide, "The gretter worlde schalle serue the lesse," then the descripcion in the precedenge processe of the grete worlde schalle not be with owte a cause and vtilite. Wyllenge now to describe the lesse worlde in the begyn|nenge of his actes, that the qualite or quantite of hit may
yet.o, þat in euery thrydde age the measure of the peple schalle be but halfe of the firste age precedente in stature, if hit lyve. For lyke as we see in the worlde so hit is in man, that the partes and membres be corespondente to gedre and supplyenge the place of that other. For the bodies above gouerne and ȝiffe influence, the membres inferialle supporte and do seruyce, the meane other membres mediate, receyve, and refunde. And if a member of either worlde be owte of his place naturalle, and a straunge thynge haue introiteantropos, as a tre euertede; for a
Pirus or Pirrus, MS.o, capitulo 17o, that somme men lyve alle the body concrete and compacte with boones, with owte eny maro, and these men do not thurste, neitheo, somme men hauenge senowes as transuertede and ouercrossede thro alle the body, haue bene of grete myȝhte; somme preuayle in swifte course and rennenge; somme men be nowble in siȝhte, as a knyȝhte callede Strabo was, whiche see the schippes Punicalle and myrrours by c.xxxvti ml passes from hym. Also, after Plinius, libro xio, capitulo xlixo, Tiberius themperour see more clerely in derknesse then in lyȝhte, in so moche that he awakede in the nyȝhte see alle thynges clerely. Also Plinius, libro 7o, capitulo 27o. Mony men haue hade grete scharpenesse in mynde, as Cyrus kynge of Pers[i]a, whiche ȝafe names to alle the knyȝhtes in his hoste. Also Seneca rehersethe of hym selfe in the firste prologe, that he was of suche memory that he wolde haue rehersede ij. ml names by herte, after the ordre thei were seide, and also moo then ijc versus seide of an other man, begynnenge at the laste
Also Plinius, libro 7o, capitulo 27o, rehersethe that somme men haue bene nowble of witte, as Iulius Cesar, whiche was vsede to rede, wryte, here, and to endyte epistoles at oon tyme. Also Plinius rehersethe, libro 7o, capitulo 28o,londe, Harl. MS.Also, libro 7o, capitulo 17, we haue a-redde a man to haue laȝhede in the firste day
Also, capitulo 20. Somme men be seide to haue not laȝhede in theire lyfe, somme men neuer to haue wepede, somme men neuer to haue spytte. Also, capitulo quarto, lyke as hit is in other bestes, so hit is in the kynde of man, that somme persones be gendred of bothe kyndes, whom we calle hermofroditas, callede somme tyme androdinos, namede as amonge wondres, now acomptede amonge delites. Also we haue seen and herde peple to haue chaungede theire kynde. For we see a maide in Affrike in the day of here mariage to haue ben chaungede in to a man, and to haue hade a berde and other membres of a man, and to haue mariede soone after with a woman. Also Seynte Austyn seithe, De Civitate Dei, libro tertio, capitulo 29, that A. GelliusAgellius, MS., α., and Harl. MS.Agellius, MS., α., and Harl. MS.Lascivius Crassus, Cassius, and Longinus, Harl. MS.o. Also Trogus rehersethe a woman in Egipte to haue childede vij. childer at oon season, but other the moder other the childer contynue not in lyfe longe after. But mony women haue ij. childer at oon tyme, and tweyne at an other tyme, as hit was schewede in Hercules, and in IphiclesHispicle, or Hispicles, MSS.; Hispycle, Cx.Also, capitulo 13o. Somme women haue childer like to theyme, somme like to the fader, and somme like to theire predecessores afore tyme. An exemple may be schewede of Niceus, a nowble peynter at Byzantium, whiche borne of his moder, a feire woman, wente owte of kynde in to a fowle man of Ethi|oppe. Hugo, capitulo Malo. Philosophers say the nature of women to be of suche disposicion that thei brynge furthe suche childer like to the formes whom thei beholde in the tyme of concepcion, for the sawle of man in the vse vene|realle transmittethe interially formes other similitudes con|ceyvede exterially, and takethe, as by rape, the similitudes of theyme in to his propre qualite. Therefore men in
Quintelianus, Harl. MS.Plinius, libro septimo, capitulo tertio decimo. Therefore mony difference be in a man, swiftenesse of sawle, variablenesse of witte, impressenge mony similitudes in the concepcion of a man. But the sawles in other bestes be as immove|able, and þer fore euery concepcion of theyme is like to the kynde of hit.
Augustinus de Civitate Dei, libro sexto decimo, capitulo septimo. A question may be movede of suche mervayles in nature wheder thei come of Adam or of Noe, as men callede Cyclopes, hauenge oon eie in the forehede. And somme bethe yere from the natiuite of theyme, and somme men have thees with owte a homme of grete swiftenes, whiche peple be callede Sciopode,stropode or scropode, Harl. MS.Isidorus, Eth., libro xjo. The creaciones of wondres be causede otherwhile to the
Isidorus, libro xj., capitulo ultimo. And mon|struous transformaciones of men in to bestes be made other|while thro charmes of wicches and wikkede operaciones of yerbes. Somme thynges receyve mutacion by theire nature, somme thynges goe in to other kyndes by corrupcion, as bees of roten calfes, and vermyn callede scarabei of cor|rupte
Augustinus, libro octavo, capitulo sexto. As vn to the monstruous trans|formaciones of men, hit is to be holden that the deuelles and ylle men may not create eny nature, neither chaunge that is create; neuerthelesse thei may thro the permission of God transfigurate similitudes, so that the thynge fan|tasticalle of a man that hethat he] These words should be cancelled apparently.
THEREFORE thauȝhe man haue convenience with the worlde, after thynges aforeseide, and with the contentes off hit, neuer|thelesse he differrethe from the worlde in mony prerogatifes of his condicion. But thauȝhe the body of man was made in the begynnenge of the erthe, hit was so proporcionate to the sawle that equalite of complexion was in hit, conformite of organizacion, rectitude of stature, and pulcritude of figure, and so the body scholde be afterwarde obtemperate to the sawle with owte fiȝhte of rebellion, vegetable with owte defawte of strenghte, immutable with owte corrupcion of mortalite. And also the concepcion of men scholde be withowte schame, the byrthe with owte sorowe, lyvenge with owte laboure, the movenge of membres with owte erroure. Paradise was ȝifen
a ryse, MS., and similarly else|where.Plinius, libro 17o, capitulo 13o. And sythe other
ADAM the firste man, yformede of the slycche of the erthe, in the felde Damascene with owte Paradise, in the vjthe day of the worlde, and translate in to Paradise, was deiecte for synne, doen that same day, from Paradise after none. And so Adam felle from the state of innocency to the state of miserye, from the hie place to a lawe place, from liȝhte to darkenese, from inhabitacion to exile, from frute to weipenge, from ioy to peyne, from luffe to hate, from swetenesse vn to bytternesse, from prosperite to penaunce, from healethe to infirmite, from grace to blame, from familiarite to offense.
Methodius. Adam gate Cayn and Calmana his suster in the xvthe yere of his age; also in the xvthe yere after that, whiche is the xxxti yere of his age, he gate Abel and Delbora his sustyr, but Abel sleyne, Adam and Eve wailede his dethe by an c. yere folowenge. ℞. And, after men of Hebrewe, Adam gate Seth in the c. and xxxti yere of his age, and lyffede after viijc. yere. But, after the lxxti interpretatores and after Isidorus, Ethi. libro quinto, Adam was of ijc. and xxxti yere in age afore the natiuite of Seth, seyenge Adam to haue lyvede after vijc. yere. And soe hade Adam in age ixc. yere and xxxti, whiche dyenge wasc. yere: but after the lxxti interpretatores, Seth, beenge of cc. and v. yere, gate Enos, lyvenge after vijc. and also vij. yere. Enos of xc. yere gate Cainan, lyvenge after dccc. and xv. yere. But after the lxxti inter|pretatores,
c. and xv. This Enos is seyde to haue callede to helpe specially and firste the name of Godde; for, as men of Ebrewe say, he made firste ymages to þe honor of God, to excite the slawthe of the memory of man in to the lawde of God. Cainan beenge of lxxti yere gate Malaleel, and lyvede after viijc. and xlti yere; but the lxxti interpretatores adde an c. yere afore lxxti, and after thei withdrawe an c. yere. Malaleel of lx. and v. yere gate Iareth, and lyvede after viijc. and xxxti yere; but the lxxti interpretatores putte an c. yere afore lx. and v. yere, and take after that an c. yere away. Iareth of an clxij. yere gate Enoch, and lyvede after viijc. yere; and the lxxti interpretatores acorde with other in that. Enoch of lx. and v. yere gate Matussale, and lyvede after iijc. yere, and walkede with God, and was translate; but the lxxti interpre|tatores putte an c. yere to lxv. This Enoch founde somme letters firste and did write bookes, as Iudas thapostle rehersethe in Canonica sua; in the daies of whom mony men suppose Adam to haue diede. And lyke as the vijthe in
the from Adam, was moste goode. Matussale of c.lxxx. and vij. yere gate Lamech, lyvenge after vijc. and ij. yere, that is to the grete floode of Noe, and noo longer, after the trewe tradicion; by xiiij. yeres, as somme men putte: but he diede in the ixc. yere lx. and ix., in whiche yere the grete floode began. Lamech of a c.lxxxij. yere gate Noe, and lyvede afterwarde d.xc. and v. yere.
CAYN the firste son of Adam gate Enoc, whiche gate Iradus, whiche gate Mauaiel; and he gate Matussale, whiche
Iosephus. Cayn gedrenge violentely richesse, desirede men to thefte and robbery, chaungenge the simple lyfe of men, founde measures firste, and made a cite, dredenge men, whom he hurte. Isidorus, libro quinto decimo, capitulo secundo. The firste men, as bare and with owte armore, not sure ageyne men either bestes, hauenge as noo places for coldenesse other hete, made places to theyme by naturalle reason of roddes and reedes, that theire life myȝhte be in more suerte. Petrus, capitulo vicesimo septimo. Lamech, the vijthe from Adam, and the moste wickede man, inducede firste bigamy, and so adultery, ageyne the lawe of God and of nature, and ageyne the ordinaunce of God. Iosephus. Iabel or|deynede firste flockes, diuidenge kyddes from lambes with
Petrus, capitulo 27o. Tubalcaym founde firste the arte of smythes and gravenge, whiche laborenge at the foerge, Tubal hauenge delectacion in the sownde of the malles founde proporciones and con|sonance of the weiȝhtes of theyme; that is to say, Tubal was an exciter of consonances but not the fynder of instrumentes musicalle, for thei were founde by a longe season after that tyme. ℞. But discrete men say, thauȝhe Tubal exercisede firste musike to alleuiate the tediosenes pastoralle, neuerthe|lesse he was not the firste fynder of the reason of conso|nance by weiȝhtes, but rather Pitagoras, of whom hit schalle be schewede in the thrydde booke. Petrus, 27o capitulo. Lameche the schoter hade a yonge man to his gouernoure and leder, whiche vsenge to hunte for delectacion and vse of skynnes, for men vsede not flesche afore the grete floode, did slee Cayn lyenge priucly in couerte, trawenge hit to haue bene a dere, whiche did slee also his leder, in that he ȝafe not to hym a monicion þer of. Therefore, sythe the synne of Cayn was punyschede vij. folde, that is to say, in
the generacion; the synne of Lamech was punyschede lxxti tymes vij. tymes, for lxxvij. sawles commenge furthe from Lamech were pereschede in the grete floode. Other clles so mony generaciones were betwene Lamech and Criste, which redemede mankynde. Iosephus. I move that a man thenke not this to be fals that is redde of the longe lyfe of men in that tyme, sythe thei were religious men, and oportune exhibicion was ȝiffen to theyme, hauenge glorious vertues, as astrology and geometry, whom thei serchede besily, whiche thynges they myȝhte not haue lernede with|owte thei hade lyvede vjc. yere, for the grete nowmbre of sterres is fullefillede in that space. Petrus. The childer of Seth were goode vn to the vijthe generacion; but after that men abusede men, and women abusede women. Genesis. The childer of God goenge to the doȝhters of men, that is to say the sonnes of Seth to the doȝhters of Cayn, gate gigantes. Petrus. And hit myȝhte be that spirittes gate gigantes, in whom hugenesse of sawle was corespondente to the hugenesse of theire body. But other gigantes were
Can, Harl. MS.Iosephus. Men in that tyme know|enge by Adam that thei scholde peresche with water other fyre, did write artes whom thei hade geten by labore in ij. pillers of diverse ston, that hit scholde not peresche from memory. Oon ston was of marbole, ageyne the floenge of water; that other was of tyleston, ageyne the brennenge of fyre; whiche pillers be seyde to be ȝitte in Siria. Genesis. Þerefore Noe beenge of vc yere in age, gate Sem, Cham, and Iapheth, that is to say, when Noe was of that age, he hade geten those childer, Sem, Cham, and Iapheth; and after that, by the space of a c. yere, Noe made the schippe of pleyne burdes, dressede with picche with ynne and with owte, conteynenge iijc. cubites in longitude and lti cubites in brode|ness, xxxti cubites in hiȝhte, that was from the bothom of hit vn to the hacches, where he made a wyndowe, and a
Petrus, 30. That schippe was made after similitude of the man, in whom the longitude, whiche is from the soole of the foote vn to the toppe of the hede, is in vj. tymes more then the brode|nesse of hym, whiche is extended from side to side; and also the longitude of hym is x. tymes more then the hiȝhte whiche is extended from the bak to the bely. Hugutio de Arca. That schippe myȝte not conteyne so mony thynges with owte the cubites were geometricalle, for the commune cubite and vsualle conteynethe a foote and a dimidia, a geo|metricalle cubite conteynethe vj. commune cubites, whiche make ix. footes. Genesis. Noe endenge that schippe in the
c. yere of his life, entrede in to hit þe firste day of the secunde monethe, bryngenge to hit by viijthe dayes thynges commaunded to be brouȝhte to hit, or the reyne began: after that a floode was made, occupienge the erthe allemoste by a yere. The water of þat floode was above the hieste hilles by xv. cubites, by whiche altitude hit is seide the werkes of men to haue corrupte the aier. In whiche yere the firste age of the worlde is terminate, from Adam to the grete floode, vnder x. generaciones, hauenge, after Iosephus, libro 1o, capitulo 4o, and after men of Ebrewe, ijml vjc. lvj. yere. But after the lxxti interpretatores, and after Isidorus, libro 5to, ijml ijc. xlijti yere; after Seynte Ierom not fully ijml; after Methodius ijml, but he levethe yeres, if þer be eny ouer ml, for he dothe calcle the ages by ciliades.Descriptio arcæ Noe, secundum doctos.)
THE waters of that grete floode dryede, and Noe goen furthe from his schippe the xxvijti day of the secunde monethe, whiche was Maii, God promisede to Noe that the waters scholde sease, in a signe where of he put his bawe in the clowdes of heuyn. Petrus, 22o capitulo. That bawe is a signe of ij. iuggementes, oon paste by water, whiche scholde not be dredde, and an other iugge|mente to comme by fyre whiche scholde be taryede. Therefore hit is that a bawe hathe ij. coloures, the coloure exterialle as of water, whiche is paste, and a coloure of fire with ynne, whiche is to comme. Also holy men expresse that the bawe schalle not be seen by xlti yere afore the iuggemente. Also they say that there was noo reyne from Adam vn to the grete floode, neiþer that bawe did appere, neither the exercise of flesche, fische, either of vynes, was vsede; for that tyme was as the temperate tyme of ver, and habundaunce of hollesomme thynges whiche were chaung|ede afterwarde by synne. Wherefore the eitenge of flesche
ti yere, and so he lyvede in alle ixc. and lti yere, whiche dyenge lefte his iij. childer after hym, Sem, Cham, and Iapheth, of whom alle the kynde of man was disseminate. Genesis. Sem beenge of a c. yere in age, in the secunde yere after the grete floode, gate Arphaxat, and lyvede after vc. yere. Arphaxat, the fader of men of Caldea, after Seynte Ierom, beenge of a c. and xxxvti yere after Ysoder and men of Hebrewe, when he was of the age of xxxvti yere, he gate Sale, and lyvede after ccc.iij. yere. But after the lxxti interpretatores, and after Seynte Luke Euangeliste, whiche foloede theyme, Arphaxat of a c. and xxxvti yere in age, gate Cainan, and lyvede after ccc. and xxxti yere. Cainan, hauenge a c. and xxxti yere in
ti yere in age, gate Heber of whom men of Hebrewe toke name, and lyvede after cccc. yere; but after the lxxti interpretatores a c. yere be put afore xxxti yere, and after that ccc. and xxxti. Heber, of whom men of Hebrewe toke name, hauenge xxxiiij. yere in age, gate Phaleg, and lyvede after cccc. and xxxti yere; but the lxxti interpretatores put a c. yere afore xxxiiijti yere. Phaleg, after men of Hebrewe, of xxxti yere in age, gate Reu or Ragau, and lyvede after ijc. and ix. yere; but the lxxti interpretatores and Ysoder putte a c. yere afore xxxti and cc. and vij. yere after, and he was callede Phaleg, as diuision by interpretation, in that the langage were confusede in his daies in the construccion of the towre of Babel, and so the peple were diuided. Ragau, after men of Hebrewe, hauenge xxxijti yere in age, gate Sarug, lyvenge after cc. and vij. yere; but the lxxti interpretatores and Ysoder putte an c. yere afore xxxijti and after ijc. vij. yere. Sarug, after men of Hebrewe, of xxxti
c. and ij. yere; but the lxxti interpretatores and Ysoder putte a c. yere afore xxxti, and after that cc. yere. Nachor, after men of He|brewe, hauenge xxixti yere in age, gate Thare, and lyvede after a c. and ix. yere But Ysoder seithe Nachor to haue been of lxxix. yere when that he did gette Thare. Thare, after men of Hebrewe and Ysoder, of lxxti yere, gate Abra|ham, and lyvede after a c. and [x] xxti yere; but the lxxti interpretatores putte a c. yere afore lxxti. Petrus, capitulo 38o. And so the secunde age of the worlde is terminate from the grete floode to the natiuite of Abraham by x. generaciones, hauenge, after men of Hebrewe, Iosephus, and Seynte Ierom, ixc. xc. and ij. yere; but after the lxxti interpretatores and Seynte Austyn, ml yere, lxxij., vnder a xj. generaciones. And after Ysoder, ixc. yere xlijti. And after Methodius, hit hathe a ciliade. The cause of this
ti interpretatores, and Seynte Austyn putte a c. yere to the age of euery man from Arphaxat to Nachor. Beda. And lyke as Noe was the xthe from Adam, soe Abraham was the xthe from Noe; but truly Seynte Luke folowede the lxxti interpre|tatores in the ordre of his genealogy when he seyde "whiche was Sale, whiche was Cainan," whiche putte oon genera|cion more then men of Hebrewe putte. Augustinus de Civi|tate Dei, libro quinto decimo, capitulo 13o. When a thynge is founde variable and diuerse in mony translaciones, that hit may stonde accordenge to the trawethe of the gestes, then hit is to ȝiffe moste specialle credence to that lan|gage from whom the translacion is made. Beda. The translacion of the lxxti interpretatores was made insuffi|cientely, either hyt was corrupte of peple afterwarde. Eusebius. There is noo storye founde from Adam vn to Abraham in Grewe other in the langage of Barbre. Me|thodius. Ionicus, the son of Noe, was borne in the c. yere of the thridde ciliade; to whom Noe ȝafe mony dominations; and God ȝafe to hym a ȝifte of sapience that he myȝhte
Iosephus, libro primo, capitulo quinto. After the dethe of Noe in the daies of Phaleg, when the erthe was of oon langage, Nemproth techenge theyme, son of Chus, the son of Cham other Chuder,a confu|sion, in that the langages of men edifienge hit were con|fusede by the wylle of God. But Heber was trawede to be with owte blame from conspiracion in the makenge of that towre, wherefore he was partelesse in the confusion of the langage of theyme. Petrus, 15o. There Nemproth the bos|tuous oppressor of men, expellenge Assur, began to reigne in the cite of Babilon amonge the childer of Cham, whiche cite he made, whom whene Semiramis made more large. After that Nemproth wente to men of Persa, and tauȝhte theyme to worschippe fire, where he made the cite of Niniuen, whom Ninus and Semiramis did ampliate after|warde.
Augustinus de Civitate Dei, libro decimo octavo, capitulo primo. This peple diuided in to the worlde, and folowenge the lustes of ambicion, seenge that thynge not to be suffici|aunte that was desirede, was diuidede amonge theyme selfe;
Isidorus, libro octavo, capitulo tertio. Therefore peple descendenge from Sem, the firste son of Noe, hade in possession the londe meridien, whiche was from the rysenge of the son to the Feniceannes vnder xxvijti langages, occupienge cccc. and vj. cuntres. And men that come of Cham occupied ccc. xc. cuntres and iiij., vnder xxxti langages, from Sydon by the sowthe ocean vn to the see Gaditan. Augustinus, libro sexto. And men that come of Iapheth occupiede from the mounte callede Taurus towarde the northe, and halfe parte of Asia, and alle Europa vn to the see of Briteyne, conteynenge cc. cuntres, vnder xv. langages, levenge to the places and to
Ozee,Iosephus.libro primo, capitulo quinto. Men of Ethiope be callede vn to this tyme Chusei, of Chus, and men of Egipte Mesrei, of Mesra. Soe this peple, diuided by regiones and cuntrees, some men haue ȝiffen names to places, somme men haue ȝiffen names to them after theire pleasure, like to men off Grewe. Somme men haue chaungede the names for feirenesse of scripture, other for the delectacion of men redenge, other elles that thei myȝhte ascribe to theyme the lawde of olde men as theire propre lawde. Hugutio, capitulo Frigia. Diuerse names be assignede ofte for the qualite of labores, as callenge men of Troy Frigios, when we wille calle thyeme afrayede, callenge theyme Dardanos when thei be gentille, and Troianes when we wille calle theyme myȝty, and Hectores when we calle theyme bolde. Isidorus, libro decimo quarto, capitulo se|cundo. Peple of the este sownde the wordes in the throte,
Augustinus de Civitate, libro octavo de|cimo, capitulo primo. Neuerthelesse the realmes of Assiria, Media, or of Persia, of Grekes and of Romanes, by succes|sion were realmes moste principalle amonge other realmes, as vn to progresse, the firste of whom and the laste were moste clere and durable. And other realmes and kynges were as dependenge to theyme; for the gestes of kynges of Athenes were made more glorious in fame than thei were in trawthe, and that was causede by the actes of phi|losophers and of other discrete men inhabitenge that study, exaltenge the gestes with grete lawde. ℞. And for cause that a generalle tracte of the iiij. principalle realmes afore seide, from the begynnenge of that realme of Assiria vn to the ende of the reigne of the Romanes, dothe require a large
THE realme of Scitia, other the reigne of kynges in hit, whiche chalangethe the secunde place and ordre after men of Assiria, began in the tyme of Sarug, grawntefader to Thare the fader of Abraham, requirenge that place bothe by the reason of tyme and of age, vnder Thanaus, firste kynge of theyme, of whom that floode callede Thanay semethe to haue taken name, whiche diuidethe Asia from Europa in the northe partes of the worlde. That realme was not getten by conqueste of eny man, but men in hit conquerede iij. tymes Asia, causenge Darius kynge of Persia to flee; sleenge also Cirus the kynge, and destroyenge Zephiro, duke of grete Alexander. Petrus, capitulo sexa|gesimo. There was an other realme in the westeeste, MS. originally; but the correction may be by the first hand.c. yere lxxj., vnder xxxjti kynges, from
the yere of Nachor, grauntefader to Abraham, vn to Zeuxippus.Zeusippus, MSS. and Cx.the yere of Hely the preste. Where of a region in Archadia was callede somme tyme Agialia, whiche was callede afterwarde Pelo|ponensis, where oon realme of Grece was. ℞. Neuerthe|lesse Dionisius wille that þe reigne of men of Scitia began in the lti yere of Thare, that was afore the natiuite of Abraham by xxti yere, in whom Cicrops reignede firste by xlv. yeres. Also the realme of men of Egipte in the [sowthe] was coegalle vn to theyme whiche began in the tyme of Nachor, grawntefader to Abraham, hauenge xv. hye potestates from the firste Mineus other Zones vn to the tymes of Abraham. After that men callede Thebei occu|piede and did holde xvj. hye potestates. At the laste Diapolitanes, whiche were callede Pharaones, holded xviij. hie potestates, and so the realme of men of Egipte durede vn to the times of Cambises, son of Cirus kynge of Persia, to
the kynge of Persia, expellenge Nectanabus, kynge of Egipte, vn to Ethioppe, recurede that realme ageyne. Whiche realme remaynede afterwarde vnder thre kynges of Persia vn to the vijthe yere of Alexander the Conqueroure, from whiche tyme the realmes of Persia and also of Egipte began to be subiecte to the domination of Grekes by ccc. yere, vnder xiij. kynges, whiche were callede Lagide other Ptolomei, vn to the tymes of Iulius Cesar; other elles, after somme men, vn to the xvthe yere of Au|gustus Cesar, whiche hade victory of Cleopatra, the doȝhter of Dionysius Ptolomeus, laste of that name callede Lagide. From whiche tyme Egipte was subiecte to the Romanes. Soe alle the kynges in Egipte from the begynnenge to kynge Alexander were xc., of whom the firste were callede Dinas|tines,
Iosephus, libro octavo, capitulo secundo. Kynges of Egipte, as I suppose, hauenge other names in theire yowthe, as|cendenge to the empyre were callede Pharaones, whiche is callede a kynge after the langage of men of Egipte. Soe in lyke wise kynges of Alexandrye ascendenge to them|pyre were callede Ptolomei, and kynges of the Romans were callede Cesares. Augustinus, libro sextodecimo, capi|tulo octavo decimo. The iiijthe realme, but firste in tyme, was of men of Assiria in the este, vnder Belus Nemprotides in the begynnenge, in the xxvti yere of Sarug grauntefader to Thare, whiche hade dominacion in alle Asia, Ynde ex|cepte. Petrus, capitulo sexagesimo. And that realme in|durede by a ml ccc. ij. yere, vnder xxxvijti kynges, vn to the laste Sardanapallus, whiche diede the vijthe yere of Ozias, kynge of Iuda. After that Arbases, other wise callede Arbaccus, the governour and sleer of the kynge, did translate the monarchye of men of Assiria vn to men of Media; whiche is to be vnderstonde in kynde other in similitude, but not in trawethe. ℞. For vij. myȝhty
the yere of Ozias kynge of Iuda, by a c. yere and xij., the names of whom were Arbases, Phullus, Theglatphalazar, Salman|azar, Sennacherib, Assaradon, and Sargon. Neuerthelesse somme men wille that the monarchye of the este stode at men of Media after the dethe of Sardanapallus, from the vijthe yere of Ozias kynge of Iuda vn to the xxxjti yere of the transmigracion of the Iewes, by cc. yere and lx. yere, vnder viij. kynges, from the firste Arbases vn to the laste Astiages, whiche was vncle to Darius and graunte|fader to Cirus. Whiche Cirus, ouercommenge Astiages, did translate the realme of Media to the monarchye of men of Persia, levenge to that Astiages the realme of Hircannes. And in the reigne of Sennacherib kynge of Assiria, and of Ezechias kinge of Iuda, a grete realme of men of Caldea and of Babilon did aryse,a ryse, Harl. MS.; similarly α passede below.ti yere of the transmigracion of the Iewes. And so cc. and xlti yere apassede from þe vijthe yere of Ozias kynge of Iuda, in whiche tyme the monarchye of men of Assiria began to fayle, vn to the xxxjti yere of the transmigracion of Iewes, when the monarchy of men of Parthia began. And so the monarchy of men of Persia indurede from the xxxjti yere of the transmigracion vn to the vijthe yere of grete Alexander, whiche was from the firste Cirus vn to the laste Darius, son of Arsannius, by cc. and xxxvti yere, vnder xiij. kynges. Whiche be, after Giraldus, Cirus; after hym Cambi|ses, whom his fader namede Nabugodonozor, and ȝafe to hym in his lyfe Niniuen with the realme of Assiria, by xij. yere afore his dethe, vnder whom the memory of that woman Iudith happede. The thrydde was callede grete Ermeides. The iiijthe Darius, son of Ytapsis. The vthe Xerses; the vjthe Artaxerses, whiche was namede otherwise Longimanus,Logimanus, α.; Longinianus, Harl. MS.the Perses. Fogodianus the viijthe. Darius Nothus the ixthe.the ixthe Nothus the ixthe, Harl. MS.the, vnder whom Hester was. Ochus the xjthe. Arsannius the xijthe. Darius the son of Arsanius the xiijthe. Whom Alexander ouercom|menge, did translate the realme of men of Persia vn to the monarchye of men of Macedony amonge the Grekes, whiche realme began afore vnder Cranaus in the xiijthe yere of Ozias kynge of Iuda; and so that realme indured by vjc. and xxxvjti yere, vn to the laste, Persius, whom the Ro|manes did slee in the ixthe yere of Onias the bischoppe, other Menelaus. After that other realmes were made in Grece by succession; the firste was at Archadia, after that tyme translate to men of Peloponense, as hit is expressede afore. An other realme of the Grekes was at Argiuos, whiche was translate from þens to Mecenas. An other was at Athenes, an other at Lacedemonia. An other realme at Epira other Tracia; an other at Macedonia. Whiche realmes were made subiecte to the realme of Rome, and concorporate to hit, as other realmes were in this maner. The realme of Romanes, begynnenge vnder Ianus the firste
the yere of Darius, son of Arsanius, and kynge of Persia, whom Alexander the Con|queroure did slee, contynuede by viijc. and lxxx. yere, vnder xxvij. kynges, the firste vj. of whom were Latynes, and other xiiij. succedenge were Albani. Other vij. were after the makenge of the city of Rome, of whom Romulus was firste and Tarquinius the prowde was laste. Then, the kynges expulsede from the cite of Rome, ij. consulles were made and create yerly; after theym, tribuni, maisters of the peple, vn to the tymes of Iulius Cesar, by cccc. yere lxiiij. After that, the name of a kynge ylefte, monarche, Cesares, emperoures, and men callede Augusti holdede the primate and chiefe place. Of whom Iulius Cesar, of a consul and a dictator, was made emperoure firste; Octa|uianus Augustus, his successor and nevewe, redacte in to oon monarchy the realmes of alle the worlde. At the laste, Philippus the xxviijti emperoure was made a Cristen man, firste of alle emperoures. After that, grete Constan|tyne
Augustinus de Civitate Dei, libro decimo octavo. Belus Nemprotides kynge of Babilon, entrede in to Assiria, in the daies of Sarug, conquerenge but lytel þer, whiche diede after that he hade reignede lxv. yere. Whom Ninus his son succedede, begynnenge to reigne in the xxxti yere of Thare fader to Abraham, reignenge in alle Asia, Ynde excepte, liij. yere; in the xliijti of the reigne of whom Abraham was borne, by a ml yere allemoste and ccc. afore the edificacion of the cite of Rome. Orosius, libro primo. In the ml and ccc. yere afore the edifienge of the cite of Rome, Ninus kynge of Assiria, movede thro the luste of domination,
ti yere, thro alle Asia, in batelles, begynnenge from the meridien and the redde see, made tame the cruelle peple of Scitia; sleenge also at the laste Zoroastes, kynge of Bactria, and the firste fynder of wicchecrafte. And at the laste Ninus was sleyne with an arowe at the seege of a cite. Petrus, 16o capitulo. Ninus, the son of Belus, after the dethe of his fader opteynede Assiria, and the cite of Niniuen, callede so after his name, and made hit the principalle place of his realme, makenge that cite more large by the iourneye of thre daies, whom Nemproth founded firste, ouercommenge Cham and Zoroastes kynge off Bactria, whiche did write ageyne either grete floode vij. artes liberalle in xiiij. pyllors, vij. of brasse and vij. of tylestones. The bookes of whom Ninus brente also. Isidorus libro octavo. The grete clerke Aristotille wrytethe of Zoroastes, that he made xxti tymes a c.ml versus of wicche crafte, whiche
Petrus, tricesimo sexto capitulo. Ydoles toke begynnenge of þis Ninus in this maner. Belus fader to Ninus dedde, Ninus made an ymage to the similitude of his fader in to theAlexander in Mythologia. Alle figmentes toke begynnenge allemoste of ydolatry, for when Sirophanes of Egypte hade made an ymage of his son for grete sorowe. worschippede moche of his seruauntes, ordeinede hit to be a refute of gilty men fleenge to hit. Whiche inquirenge a remedy of hevynesse founde a grete place of sorowe, for olde erroure began to be diffudede thro the worschippenge
Victimus, Harl. MS.Isidorus, libro octavo. The goddes, that paganes do worschippe, were men somme tyme, and began to be worschippede after their merites and magnificence in this lyfe; but, thro the persuasion of the deuel, theire successores trawede theyme to be goddes, whom men afore worschippede oonly for a memory; whiche thynges the figmentes of poetes helpede moche. ℞. And as Seynte Austyn semethe to reherse, De Civitate Dei, libro secundo, capitulo undecimo, poetes in wrytenge ȝafe iij. differences and diuersites of ydoles, callenge somme of
the chapitre of Ysay, seyenge that men of Egipte and of the este partes worschippe Fortune. The ydole of whom thei sette in the chiefe place, holdenge an horne in the ryȝhtehonde replete with hony, of whom alle men syttenge aboute do taste in the laste day of Nouember; and if thay fynde the horne fulle at that tyme thei prenosticate grete habundaunce of goodes to comme in that yere foloenge, and if hit be voide thei waile and sorowe. Trogus, libro primo. Ninus dedde, Semiramis his wife, lefte with Ninus other Ninian his son tendre in age, began to reigne, whiche wyllenge not here childe to reigne for infancy, feynede here as a son, beenge the moder. For thei were of an egalle stature, and lyke of speche. Wherefore sche made clothes for here hedde, legges, and armes of purpose, commaundenge the
ti yere, contente with the labores of his fader, [he] was seen but selde of men, drawenge and taryenge moche in the company of women; whose succes|sores vsenge the seide condicion ȝafe answeres to peple by messyngers betwene. ℞. Whiche thynge was obseruede and kepede vn to the tymes of Sardanapallus.
THARE beenge of lxxti yere in age gate Aaram, Nachor, and Abraham; whiche Abraham was borne in the xliijti yere
the chapitre afore of the nowmbre of the yeres of the secunde age. Genesis. Aaram gate Loth, Saray, and Melcha, but Aaram diede afore Thare his fader, in the cite of men of Caldea, where|fore hit doth appere that Ninus diede in the xjthe yere of Abraham. Petrus, capitulo sexagesimo. The wife of whom, Semiramis by name, did wedde here awne son, that sche myȝhte reigne, whom sche hade by Ninus here howsebonde, hauenge a childe by here son, whiche did ampliate Babilony. Thare hauenge not powere to suffre iniuryes doen to hym as for fire to be worschippede in Caldea, where he peres|chede, Aaram his firste son wente furthe with Abraham and Nachor, and with the meyne other seruauntes of Aaram, to Carra in Mesopotamia, whiche diede there, cc. and v. yere complete. Thare ded, Abraham wente from Carra to Sichem, and afterwarde to Pentapolis, fixenge his tabernacle betwene Bethel and Hay. After that for hungre he wente in to Egipte, taking Saray with hym, sayenge here to be his sustyr. Iosephus, libro primo, capitulo septimo. Abraham, erudite
Genesis. Abra|ham, made ryche, returnede to the place of the firste taber|nacle; whiche taryenge þer, a debate was movede betwene his schepardes and the schepardes of Loth, wente from Loth vn to the vale of Mambra nye to Hebron. Petrus, capitulo 42o. Hebron other Chebron is a cite other wise callede Cariatarbe whiche is diriviede of Cariat, that is a cite, and tarbe, that is iiij.; for the iiij. grete patriarkes were beryede there, Adam, Abraham, Ysaac and Iacob. ℞. But Ioseph was buriede in Sichimis, nye to the mownte of Effraym, as hit is schewede in libro Iosue, ultimo capi|tulo. Genesis. When Abraham hade returnede from the seete of iiij. kynges he ȝafe the xthe parte of his goodes to Melchisedech kynge of Salem, metenge hym, whiche offrede to hym brede and wyne. Hieronymus in Epistola ad Evangelum; et Petrus, capitulo quadragesimo secundo. Hit is redde that tithes were ȝiffen firste by Abraham, but firste getten frutes were ȝiffen firste of Abel. Men of Hebrewe afferme Melchisedech to haue be the firste son of Sem, the firste son of Noe, and to have lyvede vn to
ti yere. Other elles Abraham, experte in astronomy, knowenge by the planetes the intemperaunce of wedre eleuate and depres|sede to returne to temperaunce at the lti yere, folowede in erthe that he vnderstode by the disposicion of bodies supra|celestialle. Petrus 53o capitulo. Abraham gate Ismael of Agar seruaunte, whiche Ismael was circumsisede in the xiijthe yere of his age, whiche rite men of Araby kepe vn to this tyme, the auctor of whom Ismael was. Genesis. Whiche, made an archer, gate of his wife of Egipte xij.
Petrus, 47o capitulo. And for cause that the name of Abraham was chaungede in the circumcision, þerfore men of Hebrewe name theire childer in the viijthe day, when the childer be circumcisede. And iiij. names be pronunciate in the olde testamente, that is to say, Ismael, Ysaac, Sampson, and Iosias, and ij. oonly in the newe testamente, Iohn Baptiste and Criste. ℞. Whiche thynge is a specialle schewenge of a singuler merite and vertu, as hit is redde in the life of Seynte Remigius. Genesis. Sodoma was destroyede that yere, and Loth delyuerede; and salvede, goenge in to Segor, a litel cite nye to the hille, drunke þro wyne gate of his elder doȝhter Moab, of whom Moabites come. Of Sodoma, whiche is callede the dedde see, loke in the firste boke, capitulo 14o.
YSAAC was borne of Sara beenge of xc. yere in age, whiche, hauenge iij. yere in age, was weynede, and then a grete feste was made, in that Ysaac comme that tyme firste to the burde of his fader. Crees began to reigne in the yle callede Creta, of whom that yle tooke name, whom thei seye to be oon of theym whiche did hyde Iupiter and noryschede hym secretely. Sara beenge of a cxxvij. yere diede, and was beriede in Hebron: after that Heleeser, proctor of Abraham, was sende to gette a wife for Ysaac, whiche brouȝhte Rebecca. Abraham did wedde Cethura in to his wife, of whom he gate vj. childer, whom he departede from Ysaac his son. Petrus, 59o capitulo. Men of Hebrewe say Cethura to be a nowne appellatiue, as cowplede, by inter|pretacion, whom thei say Agar, whiche beenge his concu|byne, was made his wife after the dethe of Sara. Ysaac was of xlti yere in age when he did wedde Rebecca,
ti yeres. Augustinus, libro decimo octavo. A woman callede Tritona apperede at a water callede Tritonides,Tratonides, Harl. MS.Augustinus, ubi supra. That virgyn callede Pallas other Minerua founde mony artes, and specially of makenge clothe, þe originalle of the byrthe of whom is not knowen, where|fore sche is callede a godesse. Ysaac gate ij. childer of Rebecca, Esau and Iacob. Augustinus, ubi supra. The realme of men callede Argyues, in Grece, began vnder Inachus fader of Ysides, otherwise callede Io, whiche Inachus reignede lti yere; and that realme contynude by vc. and xliiijti yere, under xiiij. kynges, vn to the laste, Acrisius, whom Persius did sle ageyne his wille, in the xijthe yere of Delbora iugge of Israel. Wherefore Persius dredenge
Petrus, 66 capitulo. The maner of men of Hebrewe is to accompte the lesse nowmbre afore the more nowmbre, as by grace of exemple we say, that Abraham lyvede an c. yere lxxv. Men of Hebrewe say, that Abraham lyvede v. xx. l. and a c. yere. Augustinus de Civitate Dei, libro decimo octavo. Foroneus, the secunde kynge of the Argiues, began to reigne, continuenge by lx. yere. This Foroneus ordeynede firste lawes amonge the Grekes, whiche ordeinede also causes to be ventilate afore a iugge, callenge the seete and place of the iugge Forum, after his name; whiche hade a sustyr, callede Isis other Io, whiche saylenge to Egipte tauȝhte theyme firste letters, and to tylle the londe, wherefore sche was made a goodesse
Isidorus, libro 3o, et ℞. That men say Iupiter to have rauesched Io, and to haue geten Epaphus, is but a fable, and a fenynge of poettes, for the famose excellence of bothe persones. For poetes feyne mony nowble men to haue ben geten by Iupiter, that the kynde of theyme myȝhte be made more nowble þere by. For Io was in the tyme of Ysaac, and Iupiter was after the tyme of Iosue. Thessalus the son of Grecus reignede in Grece. Iacob wente in to Mesopotamy,Egipte, Harl. MS. (first hand).Petrus, sexa|gesimo quarto capitulo. The firste geten thynges were callede certeyne dignites and prerogatifes, whom the firste childer hade in theire cognaciones vn to Aaron; that is to say, they were induede with a specialle vesture, in sacrifices and oblaciones to be offrede, that thei scholde receyve also the benediccion of the fader, and thei scholde haue also a dowble portion in festes, and in the diuision of inheritaunce, and that thei scholde blesse the yongers of theyme. Iacob gate of Lia Ruben his firste son. A particuler floode was that yere in Achaia, vnder OgigesOgides, Harl. MS.Petrus, 74o capitulo. The xiiij. yere ypaste in whom Iacob did seruyce for his wifes, he made a couenant with Laban that he scholde haue alle lambes of diuerse coloures that comme of ewes of oon coloure. Wherefore Iacob gate roddes of almonde trees, of populer, and of other trees, whiche takenge barke from þeim putte the roddes in the places of water, afore the siȝhte of schepe when thei scholde be blissomede, that thei myȝhte haue lambes of diuerse coloure, lyke to
the yere afore the dethe of Ysaac, Ioseph a childe of the age of xvj. yere, was solde in to Egipte, where he tariede xxijti yere or that his fader Iacob comme to hym. Ioseph solde of his breder to Ismaelites merchaundes, was solde ageyne in to Egipte to Putiphar maister of knyȝhtes of Pharao. Augustinus super Genesim. This Putiphar was not of theyme whiche were geldede when thei were childer, for he hade a wife and childer, whose doȝhter Ioseph did wedde. But this Putiphar seenge the beawte of Ioseph, bouȝte hym, that he myȝhte vse hym after the vse of sodomy. But Godde made hym so colde of nature that he myȝte not fullefylle the luste of the flesche, whiche was made after that the bischop of Heliopolis.Oliopolis, Harl. MS.ti yere. Ysaac of clxxx. yere in age, diede and [was] beriede in the dowble denne in Hebron. In whiche yere Pharao hade the dreame of vij. eieres of corne, and of vij. oxen.
IACOB, beenge of a c. and xxxti yere in age, wente in to Egipte that yere, whiche was the secunde yere of the hungre. Augustinus, libro decimo octavo. Apis, kynge Argolicus, cariede in to Egipte with schippes, diede that yere, otherwise callede Serapis. The poete Varro schewethe a cause and a reason as for that name. For Senaropis in Grewe sowndethe as a beryalle, in whom Apis was putte. And after hit was callede Serapis, ij. letters taken aweye. That oxe distincte with white spottes, whom Egipte wor|schippede, was callede Apis, in that NinusHugutio, capitulo Apes. That bulle was callede Apis, whiche was wonte to swymme ouer the floode callede Nilus, and to schewe thynges to comme thro his gesticulation. Petrus. Somme men say that bulle ap|perede above the water in the feste of Serapis, whiche
the kynge of Argyues, began to reigne, whiche reignede xlvj. yeres, in whiche tyme the londe of Grece began to sawe corne. Iacob beenge of a c.xlvijti. yere in age, blessenge his childer with single benedicciones, and the childer of his childer, diede, whiche kepede xxxti daies, was brouȝhte at the laste to Hebron, and beriede in a threfolde denne. Petrus, decimo capitulo. The maner and consuetude of Ethnikes was to kepe bodies dedde by ix. daies, in whom they myȝhte sorowe theire dethe, and norische the body with hoote water, that thei myȝhte haue perfecte knowlege wheder thei were
ti dayes, other elles thei kepede theyme after thei were beriede by xlti daies. But the consuetude of the Iewes was to kepe the bodies vnberiede by vij. dayes, and kepede theym by xxxti daies after theire beri|enge. Augustinus, libro octavo decimo. Prometheus, the son of Iapetus,Tapetus, Harl. MS.Athlas, MSS. and Harl. MS., and so below.Isidorus, libro tertio decimo. And also for cause that he made the ymages of men to walke by crafte. Also he founde firste a rynge of yrne, puttenge a gemme in hit, callenge hit vngulum, for like as the nayle of a fynger is cloosede with flesche, so he compassede that gemme with metalle. Hugutio, capitulo Anulus. Also anulus, whiche is callede a rynge, toke begynnenge of this worde, anus; for somme tyme men taken in manslauȝhter other in thefte were wonte to bere an ape in theire necke, holdenge theire mowthes to the hynder partes of that ape. That vile consuetude y-ceasede, suche men taken in felony were wonte to bere a rynge of yrne in theire fynger, vn to the distinccion of whom now|ble
Isidorus, libro decimo nono, in fine. Whom thei putte in the iiijthe fynger, whiche is callede the fynger medicinable, for cause of more dignite, in that a veyne is protendede from that fynger to the herte. Also rynges were ȝiffen to nowble men in Rome, and schilenges were ȝiffen to other men. Wherefore free men vsede rynges of golde, libertynes rynges of syluyr, and seruauntezAugus|tinus de civitate Dei, libro 18mo. Atlas, the astronomier, and broder to Prometheus, was seide to bere heuyn, where|fore there was a grete hille in Affrike callede Atlas after hys name, whiche hille by the estimacion of commune peple is supposede to bere heuyn. Petrus. Tritholomus, peynt|enge a dragon in his schippe, is seide to haue entrede in to Grece, and to haue amplifiede the tyllenge of londe; and Ceres, whiche is callede Demetra of the Grekes, founde diuerse measures of whete, for whete was nowmbrede afore that tyme by grete heepes. ℞. And after Isidorus, libro
ti yere, in whom men of Hebrewe seruede men of Egipte. But the breder of Ioseph were beriede in Hebron, but the boones of theim were translate with the boones of Ioseph in to Sichem, now callede Neapolis, the cite of Samaritanes. And so hit was that cc. yere a pas|sede and xv. from the commenge of Iacob in to Egipte vn to the goenge furthe of men of Hebrewe from hit.
AMRAM, the son of Caat, the son of Leui, beenge of lxxti yere, gate of Iocabeth his wife Moyses. Petrus. The pro|pre name of Pharo, vnder whom Ioseph was, was Nemphers; the viijthe Pharao after whom was callede Amonophis, vnder whom Moises was borne. Iosephus, libro secundo. This Pharao did hate moche the peple of Israel, for the vertu of
Petrus. This not withstondenge and the peple causenge multiplica|tion, kynge Pharao commaundede the mydde wifes of Egipte to slee the male childer and to kepe the childer female, as a kynde not apt to make batelle, and pleasaunte to the luste of men of Egipte, commaundenge the childer to be caste
Genesis. But Moyses borne was hidde iij. monethes, at the laste he was putte in a weele made of rishes dressede with picche, and caste in to the water, whom Thermuth, þe doȝhter of kynge Pharao, fyndenge, desirede hym in to here childe. Iosephus, libro secundo. That name Moyses is compounde of thys worde moy, that is, water, in Grewe, and esis, that is saluede, callede Moyses, as saluede by water. Whiche aborrenge the noryschenge of men of Egipte, was norischede of his awne moder, and when he was of iij. yere in age, God encreasede soe the beaute and stature of hit, that men movede thro labore, other in trowble, wolde refuse their occupacion to beholde þat childe. In a tyme when Thermuth offrede that childe to kynge Pharao here fader, vn to beholde hym, and that he scholde
Petrus, libro secundo. For the probacion of whiche thynge hoote cooles of fire were brouȝhte a fore the childe, whiche takenge oon of theym, putte hit to his mowthe, and brente the extremite of his tonge. From whiche tyme men of Hebrewe suppose Moyses to haue hade an impedimente in his tonge. Hercules is seide to haue geten victories at Athenes abowte these tymes. Iosephus, libro secundo. Men of Ethioppe guerrenge ageyn men of Egipte, theire wicches ȝafe answere that thei scholde take a man of Hebrewe in to theire gouernoure, whiche hauenge grawnte made Moises theire gouernoure. Whiche beenge
Cambises, MS. and Harl. MS.Petrus, libro secundo. That is the woman of Ethioppe for whom Maria and Aaron were at debate, and stryvede ageyne Moises in deserte. And when Moyses wolde haue goen in to Egipte, his wife wolde not condescende; wherefore Moises causede ij. rynges to be made, reteynenge with hym a rynge of memory, [and] ȝafe to his
Genesis. In whiche tyme, when Moises visitte his brether in the londe of Gessen, he did sle a man of Egipte, whiche hade smyten a man of Hebrewe, hidenge hym vnder sonde. Whiche dredenge in the day folowenge, when that thynge was seide to hym by a man of Egipte, fledde in to the londe of Madian, where he did wedde Zephora, of whom he gate Gersan and Eliezer. Petrus, libro secundo. That priste, fader to Zephora, was the moste nowble man in the londe of Madian, abowte the Redde See; the propur name of whom was Raguel, by an other name Ietro, hauenge vij. doȝhters, and kepers of bestes. For that office of kepenge and norischenge bestes was commendede to women, and specially in the region of Trog[l]odites. The realme of men of Athenes began vnder Cecrops,Cicrops, MS. and Harl. MS., and so below.the yere of the reigne of whom the thrydde particuler floode was made in Thessalia, and a brennenge under Pheton. Augustinus, libro decimo octavo.
Pernasus, Harl. MS.Pirra, MSS. Similar slight errors in this chapter have been tacitly corrected.Isi|dorus, libro tertio, capitulo sexto. Where and when floodes be more habundante then thei were wonte, thei be wonte to signifie not oonly hurtes presente but also to come. Orosius, libro primo. In whiche tyme the son beenge of feruente heete, brente not oonly Ethioppe, but also ScytticaScicia, MSS.
MOYSES beenge of lxxx. yere in age, and Aaron his brother of lxxxiij. yere in age, spake to Pharao that he scholde suffre the peple of God to goe and to do sacrifice; whose herte was made harde, wherefore Egipte was smyten
Augustinus; libro 18o. In whiche tyme somme men of Egipte dredenge hit to per|esche, wente furthe with Cecrops; whiche sailenge in to Grece made a cite callede Atthen, and after that Athenes. ℞. Of whom hit is declarede afore, libro jo., capitulo 22o. Elladia other Corinthus, callede afore Epira, was edifiede v. yere afore the cite of Athenes. Petrus, libro secundo. There were mony other plages of Egipte, those x. famose plages excepte, wherefore somme daies be callede in the kalendary, the daies of men of Egipte, in whom Egipte was smyten with somme plages; for whiche cause ij. daies of theyme be annotede in the kalendary in euery monethe, thauȝhe þer were moo. Moyses ledde furthe the peple of Israel from Egipte in the xvthe day of the moone, after cccc.xxxti yere of the goenge furthe of Abraham from Carra Mesopotamie in to the londe of promission. As vjc.
ti daies in the day, and a pillore of fire in the nyȝhte. And the Redde See was diuidede at the entrenge of men of Hebrewe, and drownede the men of Egipte folowenge theyme. Iosephus. The diuision of that see is not be ȝiffen to diffidence, sythe hit is redde the see Pam|philyke to haue bene diuidede afore grete Alexander the Conqueroure, and afore his hoste, in the persecucion of Darius. Petrus, libro secundo. The water of that see is not redde, but that water is infecte of the redde grownde beenge abowte hit, where gemmes be founde of redde coloure; whiche water is diuidede in to partes, as in to Persia and in to Arabia. Iosephus, libro tertio. The corne of the childer of Israel faylenge after the xxxti day of the goenge furthe of theyme from Egipte, God sende to them certeyne bryddes, angelles foode, and water from the ston of Oreb.
ti daies afore and xlti nyȝhtes, toke a lawe of God, settenge his tabernacle þere by vij. monethes, as he was commaundede to do; and so the tabernacle was erecte in the secunde yere of the goenge furthe of the peple of Israel from Egipte, in the firste day of Aprile. From whiche tyme cccc.lxxx. yere be annumerate other nowmbrede vn to the edificacion of the temple. In whiche tyme, after somme men, Io goenge furthe from the Argyues vn to Egipte, callede there Isis, and mariede to Theolo|genes,Petrus, libro quarto, capitulo decimo sexto. After the secunde yere of þe egression of the peple of Israel from Egipte, xij. meassyngers sende to the londe of promission, and returnede ageyne; for þe murmur and desperation off the peple, the childer of Israel hade in com|maundemente that thei scholde returne, whiche returnenge were afflicte in deserte by xlti yere, of whom eny entrede not in to the londe of promission, Iosue and Caleph ex|cepte.
the yere of the egression of the childer of Israel. In whiche yere also Cranaus, the secunde kynge of men of Athenes, began to reigne, and reigned ix. yere. Of Athis, the doȝhter of whom, that londe callede Athica was namede, as hit is schewede afore, libro j., capitulo 22o., Elladia. In whiche tyme men of Hebrewe receyvede let|ters, and men of Grece vynes. Lacedemonia was edifiede oones of Lacedemon. Eructonius, the iiijthe kynge of men of Athenes, reignede lti yere. Archas, kynge of Argyues, namede Archadia after his name, whiche was callede afore Scicionia. Egiptus toke the name of hit of a man calledde Egiptus reignenge in hit, for hit was callede afore Aeria. Danaus, the xthe kynge of Arguyes, reignede lti yere. Orosius, libro primo; et Petrus, li. 2, 6o capitulo. Danaus and Egistus were brether, but Danaus, by his lti doȝhters, did slee in oon nyȝhte lti sonnes of Egistus, oon childe lefte oonly, whiche scholde reigne after hym; wherefore Danaus, the causer of that mischefe, wente to the Ar|gyues, expellede S[th]enelus by fraude, whiche norischede
Augustinus de Civitate Dei, libro decimo octavo. The nowble Mercury is seide to haue bene in this tyme son to the doȝter of Atlas, geten of Maia, wise in mony artes, wherefore he was callede a godde after his dethe. After whom grete Hercules was. ℞. Whiche was otherwise callede Dasaneus, as Marianus rehersethe, libro jo, capitulo cxlvto. Also that is Hercules, whiche did slee BusirisBusirus, MSS. and Cx.Josephus. This Hercules did mary Stea, the doȝhter of Affer, son of Madian; wherefore he wente furthe with Affer to make Libya subiecte to hym, whiche was callede after Affrica, after the name of Affer. Aaron hauenge a cxxiijti [yere] in age, in the xlti yere of the egression of the childer of Israel from Egipte, diede in Oreb; and Moises the same yere, in the c. and xxti yere of his age, diede in Abarim, ageynes Iherico, and was beriede of oure Lorde in the vale of Moab.
IOSUE, the minister of Moyses, rewlede the peple of Israel, after Iosephus, xxvjti yere; neuertheles Scripture expressethe not the yeres. Whiche ledenge the peple þro the water of Iordan, in the firste yere of his gouernayle, vn to the londe y-promysede, offrede Ester, and renewede circumcision, refusede by xlti yere; and then the noryschenge that was ȝiffen of God to theyme failede, after xlti yere. Petrus. That yere was the yere of iubile, after Eusebius in his cronicle, and hit was the firste lti yere amonge other yeres, as if ij. ml. yere vc. and lti hade bene from the begyn|nenge of the worlde, alle the yeres of the iubile acomp|tede by lti yere: but after the lxxti interpretatores, there were mony moo yeres from the begynnenge of þe worlde vn to that tyme. Bede, folowenge the trawthe and the trewe acompte of men of Hebrewe, provethe vij. yere to faile from the nowmbre rehersede. ErichthoniusErutonius, Harl. MS., twice.the kynge of men of Athenes, in the firste yere of Iosue,
Augustinus, libro decimo octavo. The seide Erichthonius ordeynede plaies to Apollo and to Minerua. In whiche tyme Busiris, the tyraunte and kynge of Egipte, exercisede cruellenesse, for he offrede men to his goddes, whom men say to haue bene the son of Neptunus of Libya the doȝhter of Epaphus. Iosue distribute to the peple of Iewes the londe of Pales|tines. In whiche tyme Fenix and Cadmus brether, goenge from Egipte to Syria, reignede at Tyrus and Sidon. Iu|piter kynge of Creta toke a weye Europa the doȝhter of Agenor kynge of Libya, whom Asterius kynge of men of Creta did wedde. Iupiter gate of Europa, whom he toke aweye, Radamanthus, Sarpedon, and Minos,Minois, MS.; Minoys, Harl. MS.o. capitulo vjco xo, that Asterius gate those iij. childer of Europa. Isidorus, libro quarto decimo. Agenor kynge of Libya gate thre sonnes, Cilix,Silix, Harl. MS.o, capi|tulo 22o, Boetia. Augustinus, libro decimo octavo. Iupiter reigned that tyme in the yle called Creta, Saturnus his fader expulsede to Ytaly. Henricus. Whiche beenge wyckede and bellicose gate the londe of Grece by con|queste; wherefore he was callede of men of Grece, that be and were the greteste lyers, a god, after his death, and namede as godde of alle goddes for the magnitude of his power. Alexander in Mythologia. The trewe story hathe
Eutropius. This Saturnus fleenge Iu|piter his son lay priuely in a parte of Tuscia not ferre from Rome, whiche place he callede Saturnia, after his name, where he tauȝhte rude peple to edifye, to tylle feldes, and to sette vynes, whiche peple lyffede afore with akornes, and inhabite places made with bowȝes of trees. Also he institute penyes of brasse, wherefore he was trowede to haue bene a godde of the rusticalle peple. ℞. And thauȝhe poetes feyne Iupiter to haue geldede Saturnus leste that he scholde gette eny childer to his supplantacion, neuerthe|less the story of the Romanes seithe that Saturnus gate
Alexander in Mythologia. Other myȝhty tyrrauntes trowblenge peace were abowte to expelle Iupiter, whom he ouercome, wherefore hit is feynede of poetes Iupiter to haue sleyn diuerse gigantes. Petrus. Iosue afore that he diede schedde water in to the erthe, in to a signe of luffe begunne betwene God and the peple, that the peple hade chosen a trewe Godde. But the gentiles vsede to caste downe the bloode of a sowe in to a signe of luffe. Hugutio, capitulo Fedus. Fedus is callede so of a fowle swyne sleyne þer, as if hit scholde be seide, his bloode be schedde in lyke wyse that dothe violate and breke this bonde of luffe. Petrus, capitulo decimo sexto. But men of Hebrewe schedde water in to a signe, for like as water is schedde holly with owte eny signe or stappe apperenge afterwarde, soe in lyke wise the breker of that bonde scholde peresche with alle his progeny. Also olde men were wonte to electe thynges durable in to the signe of luffe, as stones and beryelles, that men succedenge myȝhte remembre the seide token of luffe.
The childer of Israel did seruyce to Chusan, kynge of Mesopotamia, viij. yere after the death of Iosue, whiche yeres be ioynede to the yeresyereres, MS.Petrus. But if the yeres of the quietnes and seruitute be comprehended to geder vnder the daies of the iugges, the trawthe of computacion scholde not be in the storye. Augustinus, libro decimo octavo. Latona childedde Apollo abowte this tyme at the yle of Delos, whiche was not Apollo Delphicus, for he was longe afore, but this Apollo seruede kynge Admetus, with the later Hercules. The viijthe yere of the seruitute of men of Israel annumerate, Othoniel was gouernoure of men of Hebrewe xlti yere. Neptunus the vthe kynge of men of Athenes reignede. Cadmus did reigne in Thebis, of þe doȝhter of whom, Semela by name, Dionysus Bacchus was geten, other Liber pater. In þe tyme of whom Thebeus the musicion was. Bithynia was made of Phenix, callede aforeyereres, MS.Morienduna, Harl. MS.Isidorus, libris 2o et quinto. And lyke as Cadmus toke to men of Grece xvij. letters so in like maner, Phenix, brother to hym, toke certeyne letters of a redde coloure to the Pheniceanes. ℞. Attende to this pro|cesse afore, capitulo 15o, Phenicia. Isidorus, libro 2o. The letters of men of Grece, whom Cadmus toke to þeim, com|pounde wordes and make nowmbres. ℞. And in what nowmbre a letter is putte from the firste letter to the xthe, hit signifiethe a like nowmbre amonge men of Grewe, for the firste letter signifiethe oon, the secunde tweyne, and so vn to x., for the xthe letter signifiethe x. and the xjthe letter xxti, the xijthe xxxti, the xiijthe letter xlti, and so on to a c., whiche is signifiede by the xixthe letter. The xxti letter signifiethe cc., xxjti ccc., and so furthe. Petrus. The vse of yrne was founde this tyme amonge men of Egipte, and also those thinges happede whiche be seyde of Metria and Dana,Demeter and Danae.
Then xviij. yere annumerate in whom the peple of Israel ministrede to Eglon the fatte kynge of Moab, and also oon yere of Sangar the duke, which did sle vjc. men with the cultur of a plowe, Aioth reignede on the peple of Israel lxxxti yere. This Aioth, son of Ihera, the son of Geminus, vsede either honde as the ryȝhte honde. Petrus. Somme men say Geminus to haue bene a vile person in the tribe of Beniamyn, callede so as by effresis; for þei putte Iamyn where we putte Geminus, whiche sowndethe as pertenenge to the ryȝhte parte, whiche may be called welle in Latyn Geminus. Tritholomus commenge to Eleusis in a longe schippe, and the kynge of Thracia, raueschede and toke awey Proserpina, whose dogge callede Cerberus de|uoured Pirotonus, which come with Theseus to the takenge aweye of Proserpina; whiche hade deuourede Theseus also, but that Hercules delyuerede hym, for whiche thynge he was receyvede of helle. Achaia was foundede of Acheus,
Dionisius, Harl. MS. Similar slight errors have been tacitly cor|rected in both versions.Elespontus, Harl. MS.the kynge, reignede lti yere. Amphion and Zethus reignede at Thebas in Grece, Cadmus expulsede. Tros, of whom the Troianes toke name, reignede in Dardania, otherwise called Frigia, after that ȝiffenge batayle to Tantalus kynge of Athenes, for the rape of Ganimedes his son. Perseus, the brother of Eruteus,Ericteus (Erechtheus).Dionisius, Harl. MS. Similar slight errors have been tacitly cor|rected in both versions.Fannius, Harl. MS.Augustinus, libro de|cimo octavo. Whiche hauenge as a disease intollerable after his grete labores, commaundede hym selfe to be caste
to de raptu Proserpinæ, and by Virgilius, Eneyd, libro viijo, and by Oui|dius in Metamorphoseon libro nono. The firste was tak|enge aweye of apples of golde from the gardyn of þe vii.Athlas, MSS., as usual; which conversely have Tracia below.the was the chasenge of Arpines. The vthe was the chenenge of the grete dogge callede Cerberus, whiche did sle PirithousPyrytheus, and Peritheus, MSS.the was the oppression of Diomedes kynge of Thracia, whiche fedde his horse with the flesche of man. The vijthe was the sleenge of the serpente in that marras callede Lerna. The viijthe was the victory of Achelo[u]s, chaungenge hym in to diuerse formes. The ixthe was the victory of Anteus the gigaunte of Libya, whiche encreasede in strenghte as he towchede the erthe. The xthe labore was the sleenge of Cacus, whom men seide to euomette fire. The xjthe was the sleenge of
Archadia, MSS., as usual.the labore was the suppor|tation of heuyn while that Atlas beenge wery did reste; whiche diede or that he hade fullefyllede the xiijthe labore. Of whom hit is to be attendede, þat these labores attribute to Hercules sounde other a story, as that of the lyon, and the xjthe of the boore; other elles thei longe oonly to the couerenge of maneres, and then hit is a fable that thei expresse, þauȝhe thei do implicate trawthe, as the thrydde and iiijthe labore were of the takenge aweye of the apples; other elles thei sownde a story mixte with a fable, as alle other labores. Also hit is to be attendede, that þese xij. labores be not to be attribute to oon Hercules, for as Seynte Austyn seythe, De Civitate Dei, libro decimo octavo, capitulo quarto decimo,a man, and cleos, that is joy, as a glorious man.
Eusebius in Cronica. Fables were founde specially in Grece in the tyme of Aioth, and hit is seide that Ysopus founde theym firste to onorne trawthe naturalle, leste the secrete
Alexander in Mythologia. As thei seide men to haue bene made of stones after the grete floode; whiche was a thynge feynede of olde men, for men inhabite other in dennes made of ston, other in holo trees, afore that they hade howses made; other elles, if thei hade not suche habitaciones, thei wente abowte in the maner of bestes. Augustinus, libro decimo octavo, capitulo 13o. Fables were made in the londe of Grece after the dethe of Iosue vn to the batelle of Troy, as Vulcanus to haue tariede with Minerva, and that Erutonius was geten with the feete of a dragon, whiche is but a fable and a fenyede thynge of poetes. Neuerthelesse there was a childe founde in the temple of Vulcanus and of Minerua at Athenes, sette þer compassede and wrappede abowte with the tayle of a dragon, whiche signifiede the childe to be a grete man in tyme to comme, whiche childe was callede the childe of Vulcanus and of Minerva, the faders of whom were not knowen in trawthe. Also hit is seide off Tritho|lomus,
Isidorus, libro undecimo. Also hit is but a fable that Geryon the gigaunte and kynge of Speyne, sleyne by Hercules, was of thre similitudes. For there were thre breþer of suche concorde that thei were alle as of oon sawle. That the commune women, Gorgones by theire names, turnede men beholdenge them in to stones, is but a fable. But there were iij. sustyrs as of oon pul|critude,
Scilla, MS., and Silla below.Isidorus, libro primo, capitulo tricesimo primo. Hit is to be attended that poetes in|ducede fables for iij. especialle causes. Oon was for cause of pleasure and delectacion, as PlautusPlauctus, or Plauttus, Harl. MS., and so below.Demostines, Harl. MS.Augustinus de Civitate Dei, libro tertio, capitulo tertio. Also hit is confirmate by the auctorite of the Romanes that Eneas was geten of that goddesse callede Venus, and that Romu|lus was gotten of that godde callede Mars; but y ȝiffe not credence to that seienge, neither Varro the writer of stories of the Romanes ȝaffe credence þerto, seyenge, Hit is profitable that men of nobilite ȝiffe to credence þeim to be geten of goddes, and also to citesynnes, that the herte of man bolde thro hit scholde presume and be more bolde to go to grete thynges. Alexander, in Mythologia. As Macrobius rehersethe of the dreames of Scipio, somme fables be feynede for cause of delectation, as the fables of Menander and of Terentius; and thei do not perteyne to philosophres. Somme be feynede for cause of vtilite to the exhortacion of peple, in whom other þat mater, other
Petrus. The latere Apollo, son of Latona, after the wrytenge of men of Grewe, founde the arte of medicines, and made an harpe, in the tyme of Aioth. ℞. And, after Isidorus, Ethymol., libro 3o, that man
Petrus. The seide Mercurius founde in that tyme siringas, whiche be musicalle instrumentes made of pipes other reedes, whiche name was taken of Siringa, wife to Cadmus, whiche departede from here howsebonde for the luffe of armony. But hit is not hade in certitude what Mercury this was, wheder hit was Hermes, other Tri|megistus the philosopher, other elles grete Mercurius. For Iosephus rehersethe that there were thre nowble men cal|lede by that name Mercurius. Isidorus, Ethym., libro 5to, et
Petrus. A instrumente callede chorus, other a chore, was founde in Grece, of fewe cordes and strynges, whiche is callede nowe a crowthe or a crowde.
Augustinus de Civitate Dei, libro decimo octavo, capitulo decimo tertio. The xxti yere of Barach annumerate, whiche was of the tribe of Neptalym, in whom Iabyn, kynge of Canaan, trowblede þe peple of Israel, Delbora, the prophetisse of the tribe of Effraym, gouernede the peple of Israel xlti yere. In the dayes of whom the kynges of men callede Ar|gyues began to fayle, whiche reignede vc. and xlti yere from Inachus to Pelopis firste kynge of men of Pelopon|ense; and then the realme of Argiues was translate to Micenas. In whiche tyme the realme of Laurentines be|gan in Ytaly, where Picus the son of Saturnus began to reigne after the dethe of his fader and of Ianus, whiche reignede there longe. Augustinus de Civitate Dei, libro decimo octavo, capitulo tertio decimo. Dionysus other Liber pater diede abowte thys tyme, whiche Ȝiffenge batelle to
Pernasus, Harl. MS.
THE viij. yere connumerate in whom the peple of Israel seruede the Madianites, Gedeon other Iherobal gouernede the peple of Israel xlti yere. In the thyme of whom, after Iosephus, that cite callede Tirus was made, abowte cc. and xlti yere afore the makenge of the temple of Salo|mon. Petrus. Minos kynge of Creta, son of Iupiter, obteynede that tyme the see, and ȝafe lawe to men of Creta. In whiche tyme Theseus, the son of Egeus, kynge of Athenes, a myȝhty man, whiche ouercome a beste
Isidorus, libro nono. This Dedalus hade with hym the son of his doȝhter, Perdix by name, whiche founde firste an instrumente whom men calle a sae. Also this childe founde firste the vse of a compasse, wherefore Dedalus his maister caste hym downe from a towre. Therefore Deda|lus
Ycarus, MSS., and so below.Scicilia, MSS.; Scilicia, Harl. MS.Petrus. Whom men feyne to haue flyede, for the swifte fliȝhte of hym after that he hade doen that offense. Isi|dorus, libro quintodecimo. A turnenge, other elles a mase, is a thynge made with mony turnenges, and a man en|trenge in to hit with owte a clewe of threde, can not comme furthe from hit ageyne liȝhtely, and also a thundre dothe appere to men openenge the durres of hit. Hugutio, capitulo Labor. To whom men goe downe as by a c. grees, the weies þer be as innumerable by derkenesse, and þer be iiij. suche places in the worlde; oon is in Egipte, an other is in Creta, the thrydde is in the yle callede Lemnus,Lempno, MS. Similarly Harl. MS.the is in Italy; whiche be made soe that thei can not be destroyede vn to the ende of the worlde. Hugutio, capitulo Cilleo. When men of Athenes laborede in þe pestilence for the dethe of Icarus, and of Erigon his doȝhter, and virgynes were compellede as vn to hongenge, hit was answerede to theyme by Apollo Del|phicus
cilleo es, that is, to move, and of this worde os oris for a mowthe; for men steryde in that wyse were mouede towarde the mowthes of men.
ABIMALECH, the son of Gedeon, geten of a concubyne, was gouernoure in Sichem iij. yere after his fader, whiche did slee lxxti brether to hym, geten of diuerse women, oon ex|cepte. In whiche tyme the batelle of Athenes betwene Laphites and Centaures, whom Palefatus, libro De Incredi|bilibus, seithe to haue ben nowble horse men of Thessalia whiche did fiȝhte ageyne the Thebes. Thola, of the tribe of Ysachar, reignede on Israel xxiijti yere. In the iiijthe yere of whom Medea wente from here howsebonde Egeus, kynge of Athenes, vn to that yle callede Colchos, where sche was borne. Trogus, capitulo quadragesimo tertio. Fanus, the son off Picus, reignede abowte this tyme in Ytaly, vnder whom Euander, of the costes of Archadia, commenge to those costes, toke the feldes and the mownte Palatyne. This Fanus hade a wife, Fatua by name, whiche was vexede moche with a spiritte, whereof peple so vexede now in this tyme bene seide to be fatuate, after the name
Orosius, libro primo. Abowte whiche yere Vesores, kynge of Egipte, ȝafeor must be added: which seems to be omitted after afore.Pentisilia, Harl. MS.
IAIR GALATIDES, of the tribe of Manasses, reignede on the peple of Israel xxijti yere, whiche hade xxxti sonnes, whom he made princes of xxxti cites, whom he callede, after his name, Anot Iair, that is to say, þe cites of Iair. ℞. In the thrydde yere of whom, after diuerse men, that cite callede Carthago was edifiede, of whiche mater hit is rehersede afore,
o. Minois, kynge off Egipte, movenge batelle ageyne Dedalus, was sleyne of the sonnes of Cocalus in the xvjthe yere of the reigne of Iair. Isidorus, libro primo. Nicos|trata, the moder of Latinus kynge, founde letters of Latyne. Isidorus, libro nono. The langage of Latyn was departede in to iiij. For the olde tonge or langage of Latyn was in the tyme of Ianus and of Saturnus. And in the tyme of that kynge callede Latinus, and of other kynges of Tuschia, of whiche langage xij. tables were wryten of the lawes of theyme. Also the Romanes vsede that langage whom Plau|tus, Tullius, Virgilius, and Cato vsede; but langage that was mixte encreasede after the increase of thEmpyre. Israel, other the peple of hit, seruede the Philistes xviij. yere after the dethe of Iair, whiche be deputede to the yeres of Iepte folowenge.
IEPTE GALATIDES, son of an hoore of the tribe of Gad, was iugge in Israel vj. yere. In the firste yere off whom, Latinus the son of Fanus began to reigne in Ytaly, in whom he reignede xxxijti yere, from whiche tyme the realme of Latines toke begynnenge, and the name off the Lauren|tynes decreasede and faylede. Isidorus, libro octavo. Sibilla Eritria, Erifola by name, borne in Babilon, was in the tyme of Latinus, whiche seide to the Grekes Troy to be destroyede, and that the poete Omerus scholde write mony lesenges after|warde. But þer were x. Sibilles, amonge whom sche was putte the vthe in ordre, and is preferrede afore other. The firste of whom was callede Sibilla Persica. The secunde Sibilla Libica. The thrydde Sibilla Delphica, whiche was geten in the temple of Apollo afore the batelle of Troy, of the versus of whom Omerus toke mony and putte theyme in his werkes. The iiijthe was Sibilla Temeria,Cimmeria.the was Sibilla Eritria, of whom we spake of afore. The vjthe was callede Sibilla Samia, of that yle callede Samos.
the was callede Sibilla Cu|mana, borne in Campania, whiche brouȝhte to olde Tarqui|nius, kynge of the Romanes, ix. bokes of the decretes of the Romanes. The viijthe was callede Sibilla Ellespontia, borne in the cuntre of Troye, whiche was seide to haue bene in the tyme of kynge Cyrus and Salomon. The ixthe was callede Sibilla Frigia. The xthe was callede Sibilla Tiburtina, the wrytenges of whom be extollede in that thei didde wryte mony thynges of God, of Criste, and of other peple. ℞. Neuerthelesse Seynte Austyn semethe to expresse, De Civi|tate Dei, libro decimo octavo, capitulo sexto decimo, that Sibilla Eritria was in the time of Romulus, of whom he seithe that sche did write mony thinges of Criste. Isidorus, libro octavo. That name Sibilla is a name of an office, not of a person, for hit is seide of this worde, scios, þat is, God, and bele, that is a mynde, and þerfore Sibilla is seide, a
Trogus, libro secundo. The realme of men of Athenes descendede to Egeus, after Nep|tunus, the successor of Erictonius, whiche gate of his firste wife a son callede Theseus. That wife dedde, he did wedde Medea, the doȝhter of the kynge of Colchos, of whom he gate a son callede Medus. Medea, dredenge Theseus when that he was commen to age, turnede ageyne to Colchos to here fader, with Medus here sonne. Theseus reignede at Athenes after Egeus his fader, whiche, goenge furthe with Hercules, hade the victory of the Amazones. Demophon, the son of Theseus, succedede in that realme, whiche ȝafe helpe to þe Grekes ageyne the Troianes. Trogus, libro 42o. Pelias,Peleas, Harl. MS. here and below.Phrygius Dares,Frigius, MSS. and Cx.ti. Wherefore Pelias made Argus to ordeyne ryalle schippes apte and pleasaunt to theyme. Petrus. The peple that were callede Argonautes, toke name of Argon, whiche were myȝhty men, gedrede of alle costes to go with Iason. Whiche londede firste in Frigia, Laomedon reignenge there in that tyme. Trogus. But Iason, expulsede from Frigia, come with his felowschippe to Colchos, and ouercome the kynge of hit, sleenge Egealius his son, and toke with hym the skynne of golde, and also Medea, the doȝhter of that kynge, and toke here to his wife, whom he refusede after|warde. But when that Iason was expulsede from Thes|salia by the sonnes of Pelias, and Medea his wyfe recon|silede to hym, with Medus here son, getten by Egeus kynge of Athenes, he gedrede a grete hoste and wente to that yle callede Colchos, and restored his fader in lawe vn to his realme, whiche was expulsede from hit, and brouȝhte to his realme mony oþer cites, in recompensation of the wronge doen afore. Phrygius Dares. After that Iason hade
Thelamon, MSS. and Cx.
ABESSA, of the cuntre of Bethleem, was iugge in Israel vij. yeres, and reignede þer. In the firste yere of whom Priamus, the kynge off Frigia other elles Troy, sende An|thenor vn to the Grekes, seyenge that he wolde suffre alle
Agamenon and Agamynon, MSS., and so below.l in nowmbre, hauenge a ml and cc. schippes redy at Athenes in the haven or porte. After that Apollo Del|phicus ȝafe an answere to theyme that Troye scholde be destroyede after the xthe yere; wherefore the Grekes goenge to the see londede in Frigia, and robbenge there, returnede after that thei hade taken þeire pray. Then AgamemnonAgamenon and Agamynon, MSS., and so below.Prothesilaus, MS.; Prothesalaus, Harl. MS.Polixena, MSS.; Policena, Cx.Neoptholomus, MSS., and so be|low; Neoptholomeus, Harl. MS.Pentasilia, or Pentisilia, MSS.the yere of theire batelles and fiȝhte, whiche dissoluede the sege of the Grekes and brente mony of theire schippes. Neuerthelesse that qwene PenthesileaPentasilia, or Pentisilia, MSS.Neoptholomus, MSS., and so be|low; Neoptholomeus, Harl. MS.Anthenore, MS., as often; Anthenor, Harl. MS.c. lxxvj. ml, and after the treason of that cite cc. lxxviij. ml. Eneas departede from that cuntre, takenge with hym xxtiiiij schippes, with iij. ml. men and ccc.;
l. folowede Antenor, and ij. ml. Helena and Andromacha.
AYLON, of the tribe of Zabulon, was gouernoure in Israel x. yere, whom the lxxti interpretatores do not annumerate; þerfore Eusebius ȝiffethe that tyme to the yeres of Iosue, Samuel, and of Saul, the yeres of whom Scripture dothe not reherse. Abdon, other Labdon, was gouernoure in Israel xltiiiij. yere, in the ccc. and fowrty yere of the egres|sion of the childer of Israel from Egipte, in the xxtiv. yere off the reigne of kynge Latinus in Ytaly, and cccc. xxxtiij. yere afore the edifienge of the cite of Rome. Augustinus, libro decimo octavo, capitulo decimo sexto. After the de|struccion of Troye, Latinus the kynge reignenge that tyme in Ytaly, the Grekes were afflicte and trowblede soore in
o, de Historia, the felowes of Diomedes were turnede in to bryddes, and the same Diomedes euaneschede awey sodenly in that journey, in so moche that he is wor|schippede for a god, whose temple is an yle callede Dio|media, not ferre from the hille callede Garganus, in that londe callede Apulia. In whiche temple bryddes be of so grete diligence that thei caste water with theire billes, and if men of Greece comme thider, other elles eny of the kynde of theyme, thei schewe pleasure to theym. And if thei fynde other straungeoures there, thei hurte theyme with theire grete billes. To the whiche affirmacion Varro re|hersethe, not as in fabulose lesynge, but as in a trawthe historicalle, of the moste famose Circes, whiche chaungede the felowes of Vlixes in to bestes; and of men of Arcadia, or of Arcades,Archades, MSS. and Cx.Arcas; but the error may safely be ascribed to the translators themselves.Plinius, libro sexto decimo, capitulo 22o. We suppose, in oure estimacion, that thynge to be false, as men to be chaungede in to wulfes, and to be restorede to theire propre forme ageyn. Neuerthelesse, auctores of the londe of Grece reherse that men of Arcadia be ledde to a certeyne watere in that cuntre, levenge theire vesture in an holo oke, swymme ouer that water, and be transfigurate in deserte in to wulfes, and to be conuersaunte with wulfes by ix. yere. And if they absteyne from the flesche of man by this sea|son, that tyme y-paste, and þe water passede ouer, thei schalle be returnede in to theire propre forme. But truly there is noo lesenge, thauȝhe hit be of euidente apparicion of falsehenes, but hit hathe somme testimony and wittenesse. Augustinus, libro decimo octavo, capitulo 16o. What schalle we say to these thynges? Truly when we were in Ytaly we herde of diuerse women of that cuntre whiche were wonte
o, re|hersethe, acordenge to the confirmacion of this mater, of ij. wicches dwellenge at Rome, wonte to chaunge a man in to an other similitude, if that he come to theire place sole. Whiche women turnede in a season a ioculer other myn|strelle in to the similitude of a ryalle asse, whom thei solde for a grete summe of money, vnder this condicion and mo|nicion to the byer, that the asse scholde not goe ouer the water in eny wise. The byer kepede that commaundemente streytely a longe season, neuerthelesse he hade more liberte in kepenge by processe of tyme, whiche goenge ouer a water was restorede in to his propre forme. The byer of the asse folowenge, inquirede of euery man with whom he did mete of his asse. That man restorede to his propre forme seide that he was that asse, and to be restorede to
Augustinus, ubi supra. Hit is to be holden that the deuelles may not do eny thynge but by the permission and sufferaunce of God, neither to create eny nature, neither to chaunge the body or sawle of those thynges which be create of Allemyȝhty God. Ne|uerthelesse thei appere to chaunge thynges to the siȝhte, as the vertu fantasticalle, when a man is in slepe, causethe a man as to apparence to be chaungede in to an other simi|litude, and soe that thynge fantasticalle apperethe to theyme
Rethica, MSS.Circe; but correctly above; Sirces, Harl. MS.Ephigenia, MSS. and Cx.Agamenon, MSS. and Harl. MS.o. Giraldus in Topographia. Deuelles or ylle men may not chaunge nature of eny thynge, but thei may chaunge similitudes thro the permission of God, so that the trawthe of the thynge dothe not appere, the wyttes oppressede with the illusion of the deuelle; but after a similitude fantasti|calle made and causede by wycchecrafte. But we beleve Godde, that made nature, to chaunge theym, lyke as he chaungede the wife of Loth in to a grete parte and quantite of salte, and water in to wyne.
Martinus. Eneas, with Anchisen his fader, and Ascanius his son, come to Sicille with xij. schippes, after the batelle of Troy, where Anchisen diede, whiche dedde, Eneas willenge to sayle to Ytaly, was brouȝhte thro tempestes in the see vn to Affrike, where he was luffede moche of Dido the qwene. Whiche, levenge Dido the qwene, wente in to Ytaly. ℞. And if that be trawthe that Trogus and Papias reherse, seyenge that cite of Carthago to haue bene made by Dido in the lxxij. yere afore the makenge of the cite of Rome, whiche was edifiede in the iiijthe yere of Achaz kynge of Iuda; then hit may be concludede that Eneas see neuer Dido qwene of Carthago, for Eneas was before the fundacion of Carthago more than ccc. yere. To the whiche confirma|cion Seynte Austyn seythe, primo libro Confessionum, in the ende, that men discrete denye Eneas to have seen Car|thago.Cartago, MS. and Harl. MS.Hugutio, capitulo Elissa. That Dido was callede Elissa, that is to say, virago, of a chaunce folowenge, for
Trogus, libro decimo octavo. That Elissa, doȝhter vn to Pygmalion, compellede by the peple to take an howsebonde, wente in to a place that sche hade made, and did sle here selfe, whiche was worschip|pede longe for a godesse. Martinus. Eneas, commenge to Ytaly, was confederate with Euander kynge, whiche reignede in vij. mowntes. Whiche ij. so confederate ȝafe batelle ageyne Latinus, kynge off Latynes, and ageyne Turnus, kynge of Tuscia, son in lawe to kynge Latinus, in whiche batelle Pallas, the son of Euander, and Turnus were sleyne. ℞. But Trogus rehersethe, libro xliiijo, that Eneas in his firste commenge to Ytaly founde suche grace of kynge Latinus, that he admittede hym in to parte of his realme; whiche toke Lauina, þe wife of Turnus and doȝhter of kynge Latinus, in to his wife. Wherefore thei, so confederate as Eneas and Latinus, ȝafe batelle ageyne Turnus for the fraude and delay of the weddynge of La|uina his doȝhter. In whiche batelle Turnus and Latinus were sleyne. That batelle doen, Eneas reioycede bothe the realmes, of Latynes and of Tuscia, and made a cite, cal|lenge hit Lauinium, after the name of his wife, whiche
Isidorus, Ethym. Ilus was the son of Eneas; callede afore Ascanius, of a floode in Frigia callede Ascanius; callede after Ilus, by Ilus kynge of the Troianes. Hugutio, capitulo Iulus. Whiche ȝiffenge batelle to Messentius, and sleenge hym, was callede Iulus; for in that tyme he began to haue a berde. ℞. Also hit is to be attendede but if the yeres of Eneas be acomptede with in þe yeres of kynge Latinus, the calculacion of the story schalle fayle, whiche seythe kynge Latinus to haue reignede xxxtiij. yere; and after alle storyes after the takenge of Troy, Eneas come to Ytaly in the xxv. yere of the reigne of kynge Latinus. Trogus, libro 43o. Ascanius, the son of Eneas, began to reigne amonge the Latynes, contynuenge his reigne by xxxviij. yere; whiche levenge the cite callede Lauinium, whiche his fader made, edifiede a cite, callenge hit Alba, on the water of Tibere,
Eu|tropius. This Ascanius norischede for pite his broþer Sil|uius Posthumus, geten of LauiniaLavina, MSS. and Cx.tiviij. [yere], lefte that realme, in that Iulus his son was but of tendre age, as Marianus rehersethe, libro primo. Sampson was gouernoure in Israel xxti yere; in whose tyme those thynges happede of Vlixes the Greke, after the fables, that he causede Scylla and Sirenes to flee, of whom Palephatus,Flixes, MS., as before.ti yere, and mony men in the clxxx., after the takenge of Troye. And mony men suppose that Omerus was a fore the takenge of Troye. The booke of Iudicum nowmbrethe ccc. yere vn to thys tyme, vnder xij. dukes and gouernoures.
ELY the preste was gouernoure in Israel, after Sampson, xlti yere, after Ysidor, libro quinto, and after Iosephus, libro sexto; but after the lxxti interpretatores, Hely was gouernoure by xxti yere. In the tyme of whom the story of Ruth Moabitidis happede, a grete hungre beenge that tyme in Israel. The sonnes of Hector recurede and toke þe cite of Troye, expellenge the succession of Antenor, thro helpe off Helenus son off Priamus. Siluius Posthumus, son of Eneas, geten of Lauinia, brother to Ascanius, the thrydde kynge of Latynes, began to reigne; whiche reignede xxxti yeres þer. In whiche yere Brutus, son of Siluius,
Giraldus. This Brute, whiche did sle his moder in the childenge, and also when he was of xv. yere in age, he did slee his fader in huntenge; wherefore Brute, putte from Ytaly, wente to the londe
Petrus. This Samuelti yere of his reigne, whiche batelle Guendolena his wife movede for an hoore callede Estrilda, whiche reignede after her howsebonde xv. yere.
SAUL, of the tribe of Beniamyn, firste kynge off men of Hebrewe, reignede xxti yere, after Iosephus, whom Holy Scripture expressethe not. Petrus. For, Samuel lyvenge, Saul reignede xviij. yere, and ij. yere after his dethe. Eneas Siluius, the son of Siluius Posthumus, the iiijthe kynge of Latynes, began to reigne, whiche reignede xxxiti yere. Codrus, the son of Melanthus,Melantus, MSS.the duke of Athenes, began to reigne, whiche reignede xxxjti yere, after the dethe of whom kynges of Athenes faylede. Augustinus, libro decimo octavo, capitulo 14o. Men of Peloponense beynge rebellous ageyne men of Athenes, an answere was ȝifen that theke parte scholde haue þe victory, the gouer|noure of whom scholde be sleyne; wherefore the knyȝhtes were commaundede that thei scholde not slee kynge Codrus in eny wyse. Neuertheles kynge Codrus, clothenge hym in a vile habite, berenge as kyttenges of trees in his necke, come amonge the companyes of his enmyes, where, a stryfe movede, Codrus was sleyne of a knyȝhte whom he hade woundede with a sythe. Whiche thynge y-knowen, men callede Dorienses wente from batelle, and men off Athenes
Salon, MSS. and Cx.ti yere, whiche gate Mempricius and Maulus. The Amazones entrede in to Asia. Saul was sleyne with his sonnes in the hilles of Gelboe. And so the thrydde age off the worlde is terminate, forfro.o, ixc yere and xlviij., by xiiij. genera|ciones, and after oþer ixc, xlij. yere. ℞. This diuersite of yeres may be causede of that thynge, that Ysidorus seythe Samuel and Saul to haue rewlede the peple of Israel xlti yere. But Iosephus seythe, libro octavo, and the Maister of storyes, Samuel to haue ben gouernoure in Israel oonly xij. yere, and Saul to haue reignede after hym xxti yere.
DAUID, of the tribe of Iuda, the secunde kynge off men of Hebrewe, reignede xlti yere; fyrste in Ebron on Iuda oonly, and after that on Israel xxxti yere. Latinus Siluius, the vthe kynge of Latynes, reignede by lti yere. Ixion, the secunde kynge of the cuntre of Corinthus, reignede xxxviijti yere. The cite callede Ephesus was edifiede of Androni|cus; and Salomon was borne. Isidorus, libro decimo quinto.vo, as in the Latin text, is the correct reference.Petrus. Somme men say that hit was edifiede of Carthedon, a man of Tyre, and after other men, of Dido his doȝhter. ℞. But and if
o. Gaufridus et Alfridus. Mempri|cius, the vthe kynge of Britones, reignede xxti yere, whiche didde sle Maulus his broþer, callenge hym as for concorde, and so he exercisede grete crudelite in the realme, whiche levenge his wife, of whom he gate a nowble son, Ebrancus by name, ȝafe hym selfe to the synne of sodomy, whichethe kalendes of Ianuary, beryede at Ierusalem with grete richesse; of whiche richesse Hircanus the byschope ȝafe to Anthiochus, son of Demeter, iij. ml. talentes, that he
tiiiij. bischopes, hauenge vnder theym xxtiiiij. prestes and xxtiiiij. diacones, xxtiiiij. other ministres inferialle; the thrydde parte of whom entrede and ministrede in the temple from the Seturday to Seturday, lyeing that tyme from theire wifes; that other ij. partes attendenge to theire howses and to theire wifes. Salomon reignede on Israel somme yeres, Dauid his fader beenge in life, whiche yeres be annumerate to Dauid and not to Salomon, whiche reignede after the dethe of his fader xlti yere, as Seynte Ierom testifiethe in his epistole to Vitalis the preste; he gate a son of the doȝhter of Pharao, in the
the yere of his age, as hit is redde in lyke wise of kynge Achaz. Whiche Salomon takenge sapience of allemyȝhty God in the mownte, after the sleenge of Ioab, Semey, and Adonias, and after the iuggemente yȝiffen bytwene þe ij. women of ylle disposicion, intendede to do thre thynges. That is to say, to make a temple to allemyȝhty God, a ryalle place for hym selfe, and to compasse Ierusalem with a threfolde walle. So that the temple scholde be in the firste compassenge, the mansiones of the ebdomadaries, the kynges place, and the places for his seruauntes. In the secunde circuite, myȝhty men and prophetes. In the thrydde, men of crafte and other commune peple. The meyte of the howseholde of kynge Salomon was in eueryti grete measures of floure, whiche be callede chori,the yere of
the yere, whiche hade in longitude a c. and xxti cubites, in latitude lx. cubites, in altitude xxxti cubites. In whiche temple was suche habundaunce of golde, that when the Romanes brente hit, as a floode of golde flowede in to the ryuer of Cedron of the peaces of golde ymeltede. In whiche yere the qwene of Saba come to here the sapience of Salomon. Petrus. Men say that qwene to haue seen a tre in the temple, onthe kynge of Britones, began to reigne, whiche reignede there by xlti yere. Whiche beenge a man of myȝhte, gate of xxti wifes xxti sonnes and xxx doȝhters, of whom Guales was the feireste. That kynge Ebrancus sende his doȝhters to Alba Silvius, kynge of Latynes, that thei myȝhte be cowplede to the bloode of Troy, for the womenthe kynge of Latynes, began to reigne; whiche reignede xxxixti yere.
ROBOAS, the son of Salomon, reignede on ij. tribes, on Iuda and Beniamyn, xviij. yere, after Iosephus, libro octavo, capitulo 5to, and after oþer men by xvij. yere; whiche des|pisede the cownselle of olde men, and drawede to yonge men. In whiche tyme Ieroboam, son of Nabath, reignede in Samaria, on x. tribes of Israel, xvij. yere. After Iose|phus, libro octavo, capitulo 7o., he reignede xxijti yere. Whiche made ij. calfes of golde, to be honorede of his peple, in Dan and in Bethel, leste the herte of his peple scholde be conuertede to his lorde Roboas, if the peple did ascende to Ierusalem to do sacrifice, and so he was cause of ido|latrye in Israel. Petrus; et Iosephus, libro octavo, capitulo
quinto. Susac, kynge of Egipte, spoylede the scheldes of golde whom Salomon putte in Ierusalem, for whom Roboas putte scheldes of brasse; whiche goenge from that place made Siria subiecte to hym. Abias, the son of Roboas, andthe kynge of Iuda, reignede iij. yere, that is to say, ij. yere and the thrydde parte of the thrydde yere, whiche
ti ml. men sleyne. Asa, the ryȝhteuous man,ti for|longes, soe that noo man myȝhte goe furthe. Whiche Basa did sle the prophete Iheu, in whiche tyme Iheu, Ananias, and Azarias propheciede in Israel. Egiptus Siluius, the vijthe kyng of Latynes, reignede xxiiij. yere. Brutus, callede viride scutum, firste son of Ebrancus, reignede on the Britones xij. yere. Capis Siluius, the viijthe kynge of the Latynes,
Petrus. Whiche dedde, the peple was diuidede, oon parte folowede Zamri, that other parte folowede Tebni. This contencion indurede iij. yere and moore, for Zamri began to reigne in Israel in þe xxjti yere of Asa kynge of Iuda, reignenge with Tebni iiij. yere. But Tebni reignede allon after that in Israel viij. yere, soe that he reignede in alle xij. yere. Leil, the son off Brutus, callede viride scutum, other grene schelde, reignede on the Britones xxv. yere. Acab, the son of Zamri, reignede on Israel xxij. yere, the wife of whom was callede Ihesabel. Iosophat, the ryȝhteuous man, and son of Asa, reignede on Iuda xxv. yere. In the tyme of whom Micheas, Helias, and Abdias did prophecy. Ruthudibras, the son of Leil, reignede on the Britones xxxix. yere, whiche made thre nowble cites,
the kynge of Latynes, reignede xiij. yere. Ochosias, theti sonnes of Achab, and xlij. brether of Azarias kynge of
the kynge of the Latynes, reignede xx. yere. Ioas, the son of Achasia, reignede on Iuda xlti yere, whiche renewede the temple. Bladud, the son of Ruthudibras, reignede on þe Britones xxti yere, whiche, after Gaufridus and Alfridus, made by nigromancy that cite of Caerbadon, now callede Bathe, in whom he made hoote bathes. Ioa|chas, the son of Iheu, reignede on Israel xvij. yere, in the tyme of whom Heliseus the prophete diede, and was beriede at Sebasten, callede now Samaria. Oon of the calfes of golde that Iheroboam made loede scharpely in the natiuite of Heliseus, borne in Galgal. In whiche yere a priste of
Leicestre was made.]the kynge of Latines, reign|ede amonge theyme xix. yere.
AMAZIAS the son of Ioas reignede on Iuda xxix. yere,Petrus. Perauenture hit is seide that realme to haue bene with owte a kynge, for Amazias in his life lefte that realme, and Ozias his son, of iij. yere in age, myȝhte not reigne. Whiche thynge may be schewede þat Amazias dedde, Ozias his son, of xvj. yere in age, began to reigne. ℞. Mony writers of storyes do not annumerate those xiij. yere in whom the realme of Iuda was with owte a kynge, other elles thei comprehende theym vnder the xxix. yere of Amazias. But withowte dowte the story of the Romanes constreynethe vs to nowmbre þose xiij. yere for the nowmbre of the yeres scholde not be founde elles whom Eutropius dothe annu|merate from the xxv. yere of kynge Latinus, in whom Troye was taken, vn to the edifienge of the cite of Rome vnder Romulus, whiche be in nowmbre cccc.xxxij. yere. Iheroboam the son of Ioas reignede on Israel xlj. yere. Auentinus Siluius, the xiijthe kynge of Latynes, reignede xxxiij. yere. Ozias other Azarias, son of Amazias, reignede on Iuda lij. yere. This kynge was luffere of tillenge of londes, whiche vsurpenge the office of preste of Azarias, was
l cccc. yere failede. Neuerthelesse there were myȝhty kynges in Assiria, after þe dethe of Sardanapallus, vn to the subuersion of the cite off Niniven, thauȝhe thei occupiede not the holle monarchye. Trogus, libro primo. This Sardanapallus, a man hauenge grete delectacion of women, and a violator of þeim, was founde of Arbases his stywarde amonge ylle dis|posede women drawenge purpulle of a rocke in the habite of a woman. Wherefore Arbases, hauenge indignacion, excitede hys felawes ageyne the kynge. Neuerthelesse, Sardanapallus ouercommon, goenge in to his regalle place, takenge fire with hym, brente hym selfe with grete richesse.
the kynge of Latynes, reignede xxij. yere. In whiche tyme the Argyues hade weiȝhtes and measures by Sydon. Trogus, libro tertio. The nowble man Ligurgus ȝafe lawes to the men off Lacedemonia, movenge peple to the obsequy of princes, and theyme to exercise iustice to theire subiectes, movenge that parcimony scholde be hade of alle men, leste the labore of cheuallry scholde faile thro plente. Also he commaundede thynges to be bouȝhte with owte money, but the byer scholde recompense theyme in oþer merchandise, accomptenge the vse of moneye as matere of vices. Whiche diuidede also the amministraciones of the commune vtilite
ti yere. Gaufridus. Cordeilla the doȝter of kynge Leir, reignede on the Britones after here fader v. yere, whom Morganus and Cunedagius prisonede at the laste, the childer of here susters. Cunedagius reignede on the Britones after Cordeilla xxxiij. yere, whiche did sle
ti yere, but his yeres be annumerate wt the yeres of Numetor,Eutropius. Faustulus the scheparde fyndenge those childer sette on the side of the water of Tiber brouȝhte theyme to his wife, whiche was callede Lupa, what for here beawte and what for here crudelite. Wherefore vn to this tyme the places of ylle disposede women be callede Lupanaria. And when these childer were of a competente age, gedrenge a grete multitude of thefes and of schepardes, did slee Amulius at the water of Tiber, and restorede Numetor in his realme. Martinus. Neuerthelesse, wheder that woman was callede Lupa or nay, olde scripture in stones of marbole at Rome, expressethe that those ij. childer were noryschede of a wulfe. Zacharias the son of Ieroboam reignede on Israel iij. monethes, whom Sellum the son of Iabes did smyte, whiche reignede by oon monethe. Petrus. Other the realme of Israel was withowte a kynge after the dethe of Ihero|boamthe yere off Ozias,
Ioathan, the son of Ozias reignede on Iuda xvj. yere. In the firste yere of whom Phacee, the son of Romelias, reignede in Israel xx. yere. In the firste yere of Ioathan, after Iosephus and Beda, after cccc.vj. yeres after the takenge of Troye, the firste actes Olimpicalle, vnder Esi|olus, gouernoure of men of Athenes; in whiche acte Core|bus, a man of Athenes, was firste victor. Hugucio. Olimpus is the name of an hie mownte in the londe of Grece at Athenes, namede so for the amenite and myrthe usede þer, whiche be exercisede in euery vthe yere, and that space is callede Olimpias, whom Isicus, the son of Praxonides, institute firste. ℞. Whiche Olimpias began
Hugucio, capitulo Olimpus. The actes and disportes Olimpicalle were institute to the honore of Iu|biter, under that hille Olimpus, in whiche actes the victorthe yere, leste hit scholde be forgeten if hit were deferrede, and that hyt scholde not be more ofte exercisede, leste huge exspence scholde greve theyme. Teglatphalazar, kynge of Assiria, ascendede in to Israel, wastenge the region ouer the water of Iordan, whiche, takenge ij. tribes and an halfe of Israel in captiuite, brouȝhte theyme with hym in to Assiria, whiche was the begynnenge of captiuite of the x. tribes. Polic., libro octavo. This kynge of Assiria was of v. names, after Seynte Ierom, that is to say, Salmanazar, Sennacherib, Phul, Teglatphalazar, and Sargon, þerfore hit is not to be meruaylede, thauȝhe this kynge be expressede in diuerse names in diuerse stories. ℞. Other men wylle that these be diuerse names of diuerse kynges, whiche reignede after
ACHAZ, the son of Ioathan, reignede on Iuda xvij. yere. In the iiijthe yere of whom the cite of Rome was edifiede in the mownte Palatyne of ij. breþer Remus and Romulus,
the Olimpias begynnenge; from whiche yere the reigne of Romulus began, and is accomptede; whiche reignede xxxix. yere. Martinus. Neuerthelesse hit is redde other men to haue reignede in Ytaly abowte that place longe a fore that tyme as Ianus, Saturnus, Pi|cus, Flauius, Latinus, whiche reignede vn to Eneas, abowte cc. yere. ℞. After that hit was reignede in Ytaly from Eneas vn to this Romulus, vnder xvij. gouernoures, abowtec. and xxxij. yere; and after that, from the edifienge of the cite of Rome vn to the laste yere of Tarquinius the prowde man, hit was reignede in Rome, vnder vij. kynges, abowte cc.xliij. yere. And after that the ordeinede con|sulles vn to the tymes of Iulius Cesar, as by cccc.xliiij. yere. Eutropius. Romulus reignenge, Remus his brother was sleyne of Affabius a duke of Romulus. Titus Liuius.
Martinus. The oppinion of commune peple testifiethe that RomulusRemus.Eutropius. Romulus callede men of that cuntre firste Romanes, refusenge the name of Latynes, and that cite Rome, after his name, whom he edifiede, whiche gedrenge peple abowte, electe an c. of the seniores, after the cownselle of whom he scholde dispose alle thynges, whom he callede senatores, namenge
t letters of golde. Titus Livius. And when Romulus hade gedrede to this cite a grete multitude of gilty men and fugitiue schepardes, and of contempte persones, women of nye cuntres to theym wolde not marye with theym for the ignobilite of persones. Romulus perceyvenge þat, desirede peple of that coste nye to hym to beholde a disporte, and when the virgynes of that cuntre were commen in to the cite they were taken. Amonge whom Thalasso was feireste, whiche was mariede to a gouernoure of the Romanes. ℞. Augus|tinusde Civitate Dei, libro 3o, capitulo xjo, towchethe that Titus Liuius rehersethe how grete batelle was contynuede longe betwene the Romanes and the Sabynes for the takenge of theire doȝhters. Neuerthelesse the wifes of the Romanes, and doȝhters to the Sabynes, at the laste in tyme of batelle wente betwene the hostes with theire childer, wepynge and pullenge the heire from theire heddes, and so procurede peace, that the kynges scholde reigne to gedre, but the name of the realme tariede amonge the Romanes. Eutropius. Whereof a consuetude was taken that euery Roman was of ij. names. Titus Livius. But Tatius, kynge of the Sabynes, was sleyne soone after that, Romulus consentenge to hit, whiche may be schewede in that he ȝafe grete liberte to the men that did slee hym. ℞. Titus Liuius rehersethe, and other moo, þat as Romu|lus nowmbrede his peple at a marras callede Capra, where he was coverede with a clowde, and apperede not after. But Seynte Austyn, De Civitate, libro 3o, capitulo 13o, re|hersethe
quiris in the langage of Sabines. And after that the knyȝhtes of the Romanes were callede Quirites. The Romanes were lette in this maner that thei did not sle the senate for the dethe of Ro|mulus. Augustinus, De Civitate Dei, libro decimo octavo, capitulo quarto decimo. Tales Millesius, the firste of the vij. wise men, was in the tyme of Romulus. Plinius, libro secundo. This Tales Millesius serchede firste amonge the Grekes philosophy, the causes of heuyn, and the strenȝhte of thynges naturalle, whiche science he distribute after to
Polic., libro 7o. That philosophre and diuine, serchenge the natures oft Olimpias. Augustinus, libro octavo. Whom Anaximenes herde ȝiffenge the causes of thynges to the aiere, whose disciple Anaxagoras was, whiche vnderstode þe wille of God to be the maker of alle thynges, whiche tauȝhte Archelaus, maister to Socrates, whiche was the maister of Plato. Augustinus, De Civitate Dei, libro decimo octavo, capitulo 25o. Other vj. philosophres were in the tyme of the transmigracion of the Iewes, levenge noo wrytenge after
Valerius, libro 4o, capitulo primo. Fyschers solde in a season, in the tyme of Tales Millesius, theire drauȝhte, in whom thei founde a table of golde, where of a contencion was movede, the fischers seyenge thei solde but the fische. But the philosophres seide thei boȝhte the fortune of theire takenge, whiche askede of Apollo Delphicus cownsaile in that matere. Then Apollo ȝafe in iuggemente that hit scholde be taken to the moste discrete man of theyme, whiche was ȝiffen to Salon, and he sende hit to Bias, and Bias sende hit to Pitacus, and so at the laste hit was sende to Salon ageyne, and then Salon did consecrate hit to Apollo. Ozee, the son of Hela, did sle Phasee kynge of Israel, and reignede for him ix. yere. Mida, the ryche kynge, didde reigne this tyme in Frigia.
EZECHIAS the xiiijthe kynge of Iuda began to reigne, whiche reignede xxix. yere. In the secunde and thridde yeres ofGiraldus. Ouer the hilles Caspy, where kynge Alexander
Petrus. Men suppose that Thobias was cap|tiuate in that thridde captiuite, and to have dwellede with kynge Ozee at Niniuen, whose story was endede vnder Manasses the son of Ezechias other elles in the xxti yere of Iosias. The kynge of Assiria brouȝhte diuerse men of diverse regiones in to Samaria, to kepe the londe of Israel, whiche peple were the enmyes of the Iewes, callede Sama|rites other Samaritanes, as kepers, Chutei or Iacobite sup|plantatores, whiche occupiede theire ydoles. Romulus dedde, after he hade reignede xxix. yere, the senate rewlede th'empire by a certeyn season. Numa Pompilius began to reigne amonge the Romanes and reignede xliiij yere. This
Hugucio, capitulo Ianus. The Romanes began the yere after men of Hebrewe vn to the tymes of this Pompilius, whiche addede Ianuare and Februare to the begynnenge of the yere, for thei began the yere afore at Marche. And so the yere stode as in|correcte from that tyme vn to the tymes of Iulius Cesar. Eutropius. This Numa ordeinede the bischopes, wicches, and ydoles to be honourede, whiche thynge Numa seide heIsidorus, libro 16o, capitulo 7o. This worde, pecunia, whiche is callede
MANASSES the son of Ezechias began to reigne, whiche reignede on Iuda lij. yere. In the tyme of whom Sibilla Erophila was in the yle callede Samia, whiche was beryede at Nichomedia in Bithinia, callede afore Arthacus. Mida, the ryche kynge of Frigia, was sleyne þro the bloode of a bulle ydrunke. Manasses, that ylle kynge afore God, was taken in captiuite and brouȝte in to Babilon, after he hade made redde the weyes of Ierusalem with the bloode of pro|phetes, and after that Ysay was kytte with a sae of tree; whiche compuncte, thro penaunce and weipenge correcte his lyfe
Eutro|pius. This Tullius kynge vsede firste purpulle in that cuntre, whiche, kepenge peace a long season, ȝafe batelle ageyne Albanes and men callede Fedenates, and obteynede the victory of theyme; whiche was perischede at the laste with
Augustinus, libro 3o, capitulo xjo. The chiefe place of that realme was amonge the Albanes, from the tyme of Ascanius vn to the tyme of Romulus, but after the construccion of that cite grete stryfe was movede betwene the Romanes and the Albanes of the name. Neuer|thelesse the ende of the contrauersy was translate at the peticion of the kynge of the Albanes in to iij. knyȝhtes of oon parte, and in to iij. of þat other parte; and so the name scholde tary with the cuntre of the three knyȝhtes, whiche were victores. Wherefore iij. men callede Oracius, borne at oon childenge, were chosen on þe parte of the Romanes; and in lyke wise of the parte of the Albanes thre breder callede Curiaci whiche didde sle tweyne of the Romanes in the firste meetenge of theyme to gedre. The thrydde Oracius, of the Romanes seenge hym allon, and to stonde in grete perelle, feynede hym to flee that he myȝhte hurte theim the raþer
Titus. This Tullius Hostilius, occupienge batelle ageyne men callede Fedenates, desirede Methius kynge of the Albanes with hym, what for old consanguinite, what for luffe renuede after theti interpretatores he reignede xij. yere; whiche lyvenge wickedely, was sleyne of his seruaunteȝ. Iosias the son of Amon, a childe hauenge viij. yere in age, began to reigne, which reignede on Iuda xxxj. yere. This childe in the iiijthe yere of his reigne, beenge that tyme of xij. yere in age, after Iosephus, correcte ylle werkes like an olde man; whiche herenge þe wordes of Deutronomy destroyede ydoles, and brente the boones of false prestes and of prophetes, and haloede Ester or Pasce; which was sleyne after that of Pharao Necaus kynge of Egypte. Whiche lefte after hym
the kynge of the Romanes, son of the doȝhter of Numa, began to reigne, whiche reignede xxiij. yere. This Anchus Marcius, hauenge grete favor to Tarquinius Priscus, made hym tutor of his childere, but this Tarquinius remembrede that luffe symplely. Ieremias, the son of Helchias the bischop, began to prophecy xlj. yere a fore the euersion of the cite, that tyme excepte also in whom he propheciede in Egypte. The seide Ieremy see these iij. signes, a wande other a rodde wakenge, a potte succendede, and his braygirdle roten whiche he did hide nye to the water of Eufrates; whiche made also the trenes, that is to say, the lamentaciones of the dethe of Iosias kynge of Iuda. Also the prophetisse Olda and
the kynge of the Romanes, began to reigne, whiche reignede xxxvij. yere. This Tarquinius duplicate the nowbre of the cenatores, makenge pleyes, walles, and other necessary thynges for theTitus Livius. This Anchus Marcius dedde, Tarquinius sende his childer aweye falsely, that he myȝhte be made kynge, willenge Tullius his son in lawe to succede in the realme; wherefore the sonnes of Anchus Marcius conspirede with other schepardes his dethe. Wherefore those schepardes, feynenge a stryfe among theyme, appelede to that kynge for iuggemente; and when that kynge intendede oon of theyme, an other did slee the kynge. Ioathas, the myddel son of Iosias, after the dethe of his fader, his brother refusede, was made kynge of Iuda by the peple; whiche reignede þer iij. monethes, as from the kalendes
NABUGODONOSOR, the grete kynge, began to reigne in Ba|bilon, whiche reignede xxxiij. yere; whiche, hauenge victory of Pharao kynge of Egipte, ocupiede his londe from the water of Egipte vnto Eufrates, and alle Siria, the Iewery excepte; whiche Nabugodonosor, after Iosephus, libro iiijto, capitulo septimo, in the iiijthe yere of his reigne ascendede in to the Iewery and toke Ierusalem, and Ioachim kynge
Petrus, 143. The Rechabites, childer of Ionadab thePetrus. As letteres of golde were founde in the body of this Ioachim
Iosephus, libro decimo, capitulo octavo. Iheconias, the son of Ioachim, made kynge by Nabugodonosor, reignede oonly iij. monethes, whiche was to the monethe of Iulius. For Nabugodonosor, dredenge leste that Iheconias wolde drawe to men of Egipte and remembre the dethe of his fader, returnede and besegede Ierusalem. Neuertheles this kynge Ieconias yeldede hym
l princes in captiuite and vij ml men of crafte. Amonge whom Mardocheus was and Ezechiel, that tyme of tendre [age], of the kynde of prestes. And so this Ieconias remaynede in prison amonge men of Caldea, by xxxvij. yere, vn til this Nabugodonosor was dedde and Nabugodonosor his son. Euilmerodac, that other son of Nabugodonosor, delyuerede hym from prison. Petrus, 144. Mony men do annumerate lxxti yere of the captivite of the Iewes from that trans|migracion whiche was made in the viijthe yere of kynge Nabugodonosor. But proprely these men that submitte theim selfe willefully be callede the transmigracion. And the other men, that were ledde ageynes theire wille, be callede þe captivite. Mathanias, the thridde son of Iosias, was made kynge by Nabugodonosor, makenge an othe toIosephus, libro
quarto, capitulo nono in fine. Ezechiel began to prophecy in Babilon to þe men in captiuite, after that thei hade re|ceyuede the epistole of Ieremy of the londe of Iuda. And Ezechiel sende his prophecy in to Ierusalem. But kynge Sedechias ȝafe noo credence to prophecy, in that þe pro|phecy of Ieremy and of Ezechiel semede to discorde; but alle the prophetes accordede in that the cite scholde be taken, and that the kynge scholde be brouȝte to Babilon. But there apperede dissonaunce in theire prophecy, that Ezechiel seyde Sedechias scholde neuer see Babilon. And the prophecy of þeim bothe was fulle fillede after, when Nabugodonosor made blynde kynge Sedechias in Reblata, and broȝte hym so made blynde to Babilon. Salon, oon of the vij. philosophers, ȝafe lawes to men of Athenes.
the and viijthe vnder Darius, the ixthe and þe xthe vnder kynge Cirus. Somme prophetes propheciede of the captiuite longe a fore the captiuite, as Ysaias, Osee, Micheas; and other in the tyme of the captiuite, as Sophonias, Ieremias, and also Ezechiel. And also somme propheciede within hit, as Daniel and Abacuch; somme after hit, as Aggeus and Zacharias. Somme men wille that Daniel see that vision afore in the xxxv. yere of the reigne of Nabugodonosor. That kynge Nabugodonosor besegede Ierusalem for cause the peple wolde
the monethe, the same yere; the ȝates of whiche cite were schutte viij. monethes, in whiche tyme women did eite theire childer for hungre. Ierusalem was taken that yere in the iiijthe monethe; and Sedechias, fleenge in the nyȝhte, was founde in the morowe in the weye of deserte, and brouȝhte to Nabugodonosor in to Reblata; whiche, takenge awey his eien, brouȝhte hym to Babilon. Whiche brouȝte afore nowble men of Babilon, and receyuenge a drynke laxatyffe, diede in prison for schame.
the yere of Nabugodonosor, Nabizardan brente the temple, and destroyenge Ierusalem toke the veselles of golde with hym, puttenge the peple in captiuite, and toke Ieremy from prison, suffrenge hym to dwelle with Godolias, ȝiffenge also licence to the Rechabites to departe. And so the temple brente in the cccc.xxxiiij. yere after the makenge of hit, but more trewly, after Ysidorus and the lxxti interpretatores, in the cccc. and xliiijti yere. And from the makenge of the cite of Rome, c. lxj. yeres. And so the iiijthe age of the worlde is terminate and finischede, whiche is from the begynnenge of the reigne of kynge Dauid vn to this captiuite of the peple of the Iewes, made in the xjthe yere of Sedechias kynge, in the monethe of Auguste; hauenge, after men of Hebrewe and Ierom, cccc. yere lxxiiij., vj. monethes, and x. dayes, by xvij. generaciones. But Seynte Mathewe th' Euangeliste assignethe xiiij. generaciones, for the cause of a certeyne mistery. But this age, after the grete
ti interpretatores, conteynethe cccc. lxxxiiij. yere. And perauenture this dissonaunce of yeres may happe in that the commune cronicle seithe Amon to haue reignede ij. yere, but the lxxti interpretatores saythe age schalle be in nowmbre cccc. lxxxxvj. by trewe calculacion.
THE vthe age of the worlde began from the transmigracionthe yere of Sedechias kynge of Iuda. Where|fore he that wylle annumerate the lxxti yere of the cap|tiuite of the Iewes from this xjthe yere of Sedechias, as Eusebius dothe, folowenge the auctorite of Zachary þe prophete, then he schalle finische those yeres in the secunde
ti yere from the xiijthe yere of Iosias kynge, in whom Ieremy began to prophecy, vn to the firste yere of Cirus kynge. But those yeres, lxxti by nowmbre, by accomptede of mony men from the laste yere of Ioachim kynge vn to the laste yere of kynge Cirus. But trewly those lxxti yere whiche be terminate in the thrydde, other in the laste yere of Cirus, be proprely the yeres of the captiuite of the peple of the Iewes. But the lxxti yeres terminate in the thrydde yere of Darius be proprely the yeres of the complete trans|migracion, other of the desolacion of the temple. Petrus, capitulo 154o. Men of Iuda, dredenge the presence of Nabugodonosor kynge, for the dethe of Godolias, whom thei hade sleyne, wente in to Egipte with theire childer and goodes. Ieremias the prophete, goenge in to Egipte, pro|pheciede that mischefe scholde comme to the Iewes goenge in to Egipte, wherefore he was stonede to dethe of theyme
the yere of the transmigracion. But men of EgiptePetrus, capitulo 162o. After whiche yeres he was reuocate to hym selfe, neuerthelesse he reignede not, but ordeynenge vij. iugges for hym, did penaunce vn to the ende of vij. yere, absteynenge hymthe kinge of the Romanes, succeded Tarquinius Priscus, whiche did reigne xxxiiijti yere. Eutropius, libro primo. This Seruius, son of a captiue woman, addede to the cite of Rome thre hilles the mownte Quirinale, the mownte Esquiline, and the mownte Viminale. In the tyme of whom lxxxti c. ml citesynnes and vij. ml were numerate in the cite of Rome. Titus. This Seruius toke his doȝhter, Tullia by name, to the wife of Tarquinius the prowde, whiche conspirede the dethe of his fader in lawe at the instigation of his wife, mouenge the peple and the senate ageyne hym, and then this Tar|quinius metenge the kynge, caste hym downe of a grete greece, whiche goenge home so yhurte was sleyne by the way of men hirede by Tarquinius. Tullia, the doȝhter of Seruius, herenge that, ascendede here chariette, causenge hit to goe over the body of here fader as sche wente to
Iosephus, libro decimo, capitulo secundo.
AFTER the dethe of grete Nabugodonosor, his son, Nabu|godonosor by name, succedede in Babilon, reignenge x. yere, whiche didde adde mony thynges to the regaly of his fader. For hit is seyde of Megastines, in his boke of Iuggementes, that this Nabugodonosor transcendede in magnitude and fortitude Hercules in his actes, for he wastede Libia and Hiberia, whiche made a gardyn of a werke to be hade in meruayle, in whom his wife myȝhte stonde and see here cuntre where sche was borne, whiche was the doȝhter of
Petrus, capitulo 162o. Euilmerodac, brother to this Nabugodonosor, began to reigne in this yere, whiche toke Ieconias furthe from prison, where in he taryede by xxxvij. yere, and sette his throne aboue the thrones of alle other kynges þat were with hym in Babilon. Whiche schewede this mercy to Ieconias, for Nabugodonosor, his brother, accusenge Euilmerodac, his brother, afore his fader, causede hym to be caste in to the prison where Ieconias was. Therefore when Euilmerodac began to reigne, he toke Ieconias from prison, whiche dredenge leste his fader scholde aryse from dethe vn to lyue, in that he returnede as from
Petrus, capitulo 169o. The story of Susanne happede in the tyme of this Euilmerodac, whiche story men of Hebrewe haue not in Daniel, but thei calle hit a fable for cause that a fals thynge is redde in hit, for hit is redde the pristes to be stonede whom Seynte Ierom testifiethe to be brente. And also for cause we say hit to haue bene wryten by Daniel, whiche story was wryten of a Greke, as hit may be schewede by wordes whiche be not hade in the langage of Hebrewe.
BALTHASAR began to reigne amonge men of Caldea and of Babilon. In the firste yere of whom Daniel see the iiijthethe beste, that schal be made subiecte to Antecriste. Petrus, capitulo 16o. This Antecriste schalle be borne in Babilon, and geten of a woman of the tribe of Dan; but after the concepcion of hym a wickede spiritte schalle entre in to the wombe of his moder, thro the vertu of whom that childe schalle be norischede, be borne, and encrease, where of he is callede the son of perdicion, and schalle be callede. Also iij. of the firste hornes of the x. schalle be taken
Trogus, libro 2o. Abowte this tyme Pisistratus, a man of Athenes, after the dethe of Salon the discrete man, woundenge hym selfe, seide afore the peple that he suffrede that peyne of the maistres of the cite for the luffe of theyme. Wherefore he was electe in to the kynge, a certeyn nowmbre of ministres as|signede to hym, whiche reignede at Athenes xxxiiij. yere. Policr., libro octavo. This Pisistratus, movede by his wifethe vision of a weder hauenge inegalle hornes, that is to say, of the
the vision of Daniel happede when Balthazar drunke with his concubines of the veselles of the temple of God, whom Nabugodonosor his grawntefader brouȝhte from Ie|rusalem, ageyne whom a honde apperede wrytenge in the walle, Mane, Techel, Phares; whiche thre wordes sownde as a nowmbre, a weiȝhte, and a diuision. Daniel the prophete, expownenge this worde, Mane, seide, "God hathe nowmbrede thy reigne other realme;" and for th' ex|posicion of this worde, Techel, he seide, "Thow art weiede in weiȝhtes hauenge but a litelle thynge," that is to say, "Thou schalle not lyffe longe;" Phares, that is to say, "Thy realme is diuidede and ȝiffen to men of Medea and of Persia." And hit folowede that the cite of Babilon was
Orosius. When Cirus, subduenge the este partes of the worlde, made haste to Ba|bilon the floode of that water callede Eufrates ȝafe re|sistence to hym; wherefore a bolde knyȝhte, luffede moche of Cirus, attemptenge that water, was drownede in hit. That kynge Cirus, replete with sorowe for the dethe of his knyȝhte, made a protestacion that he scholde make that water that hit scholde not atteyne to the knees of women in deipenesse. Wherefore he made cccc. and lx. diuisiones of that water in the feldes of that cuntre, whiche watere was wonte to flowe thro Babilon. And so the enmyes entredePetrus, capitulo 165o. Mony men wylle that the doȝhter of Darius was moder to this Balthazar, for whom that hie gardyn dependente was made; other elles Darius, vncle to Cirus, ioynenge to gedre, occupiede that realme, in that
Petrus, capitulo 166o. Balthasar ysleyne, Darius did translate the realme of men of Babilon and of Caldea in to Persia, and in to Medea. In whiche yere the vijthe vision of Daniel happede. But this prophete Daniel, folowenge Darius in to Medea, was sende by diuerse men in to a denne of lyones, for cause that he worschip|pede his God. Also the viijthe vision of Daniel happede in that yere, Gabriel certifienge hym of the final captiuite whiche scholde be by the Romanes, and of the commenge of Criste after lxxti wekes. For Gabriel seide to hym, lxxti wekes be abbreuiate on thy peple. But hit is to be vnderstonde that these wekes be not of daies but of yeres, so that vij. yere be oon weke. Gabriel callede the wekes abbreuiate, that we scholde vnderstonde þose wekes not to be of the son, but of the moone, for thei be schorter then the
ti wekes of yeres of the sonne make cccc. yere lxxxvj., and lxxti wekes of the yeres of the moone make cccc. and xc. yere. Bede dothe annumerate these lxxti wekes other yeres of the moone from xxti yere of Artarxerses kynge, in whiche yere Neemias hade licence to reedifie the temple vn to the xviijthe yere of Tiberius, th' emperoure, in whiche yere Criste suffrede passion. Affricanus, the writer of stories, accordethe wt Bede as vn to þe begynnenge, but he dothe terminate the yeres in the xv. yere of Tiberius, in whiche yere Criste was baptisede. Tertullianus dothe acompte these yeres from the firste yere of Darius in whichethe vision, of a man clothede in clothes of lyne, the body
the vision, of the suc|cession of kynges of Persia, and of the successores of kynge Alexander, and of Anticriste, in the thrydde yere of the reigne of kynge Cirus. But trewely noo certitude is had when Daniel didde dye, other elles how longe he did lyffe. ℞. Neverthelesse hit is redde in the booke of Daniel, in the ende of the firste chapitre, that he lyuede to the firste yere of kynge Cirus.
THAT kynge Cirus occupiede the monarchye of the este after the dethe of Darius, whiche was son adoptiue to As|suerus other Astiages, the seete of whom he putte in Persia, thauȝhe the realme of Medea was moore honorable. For men of Persia made Cirus kynge. This Cirus was son of the doȝhter of Astiages. Trogus, libro primo. This Astiages other Assuerus hade a doȝhter, thenkenge hym
Petrus, capitulo centesimo septuagesimo tertio. This scheparde brouȝhte this childe to his wife, whom sche norischede tenderly day and nyȝhte, callenge hit Spertacus, sowndenge after theire langage, a whelpe. This childe, en|creasenge in age was callede by his felawes with whom he vsede to play Cirus, whiche made a kynge amonge the childer in plaies correcte theim that rebellede ageyne hym, and punyschede theym soore. The faders to the other childer hauenge indignacion at that childe, made a com|pleynte to the kynge Astiages of the son of the scheparde. That kynge callenge the childe to hym and inquirenge the cause, the childe answerede boldly, seyenge that he did so to theym as theire kynge. The kynge beholdenge that childe, and perceyvenge signes of nobilite in hym, callede the scheparde, of whom he hade knowlege of the trawthe.
Trogus, libro primo. After that the seide Ar|pagus sende to Cirus an epistole, what tribulacion and sorowe he hade suffrede for hym, and how he hade loste his sonne for his luffe, whiche epistole was sende in the bely
Petrus,
capitulo 173o. Astiages, dredenge this Cirus, desirede Darius, son to his sustyr, in to his son adoptiue; the batelle ybegunne, men of Persides that were with Cirus fledde. The wifes of men of Persides seenge that, schewede to theim theire membres secrete, seyenge, "Wille ye entre in to the wombes of your moders and be borne ageyne." The men of Persides ouercomme as with schame, returnenge ageyne to the felde, hade the victory. This Cirus ȝafe to kynge Astiages the realme of Hircanes while that he liffede, and to Darius, as brother to his moder, the realme of Medea, in hope that he scholde returne to hym. Petrus,capitulo centesimo septuagesimo quarto. This Cirus her|enge the prophecy of Ysay, whiche was writen afore by a c and xxti yere, in these wordes, "Christo meo Ciro cujus apprehendi dexteram," loosede the captiuite of the Iewes in the firste yere of his reigne, abowte lti ml men, re|storenge
DANIEL the prophete preyenge to Allemyȝhty God for the deliueraunce of his peple, Darius, kynge of Medea, pur|posede to haue delyuerede the peple in the firste yere of his reigne, but dethe causede his purpose not to be fulle|fylledde. Wherefore Cirus grawntede to theym the same licence in the firste yere of his reigne; but when the peple
Petrus, capitulo 174o. In the thridde yere of the reigne of kynge Cirus the Iewes wente further vnder Zorobabel, and Ihesusti yere of the captiuite, after Iosephus and after the glose of Ierom on Ezechiel, from the xiijthe yere of Iosias kynge, vn to the thridde yere of Cirus. But Eusebius, in his Cronicles, folowenge the auctorite of Zachary the prophete, seythe the secunde yere of Darius, son of Ytapsis, to be the lxxti yere of þe captiuite. Whiche thynge may be determinate in this wise, for þe secunde yere of Darius was the lxxti yere of the desolacion of the temple. But the thrydde yere of kynge Cirus was the lxxti yere of the captiuite made in the xiijthe yere of that kynge Iosias. Wherefore the IewesOrosius, libro primo. In the tyme of this Cirus there was a tiraunte in Sicille, Phalaris, whiche vnryȝhteuous scholde punysche a man ryȝhteuousely. That tyme þer was also a crafty man in brasse to be wrouȝhte, Parilius by name, whiche, de|sirenge the fauor of this tiraunte, made a bulle of brasse, conteynenge in hit mony concauites, in whom men that hade doen offence to dye scholde suffre dethe, made so that the voice of peple in theire peyne scholde appere lyke to the sownde of oþer bestes vnresonable. This tiraunte, commendenge that werke, seide to the maker of hit that experience scholde be schewede firste by his awne person,
Petrus, capitulo 176o. When kynge Cirus hade hurte Cre|sus nye to that water, Alis by name, he broȝhte the belli|cose
Trogus, libro primo. There were nowble kynges in Lidia afore kynge Cresus, but noon of theyme was comparable to Candalus in fortune, whiche hauenge a wife excellente in beawte schewede here nakede to Gigy his felowe. Thro the whiche schewenge that man Gigy, gretely attemptede to the luste of the flesche, causede Candalus the kynge to loose his wife and realme also.
LUCIUS TARQUINIUS the prowde, the vijthe kynge of Rome and the laste, sleynge Seruius Tullius, his fader in lawe,
Augustinus, libro secundo, capitulo quarto decimo. At the laste this Tarquinius made a temple to Iubiter, whiche place thei namede Capitolium, for cause that the hedde of a man was founde in hit, wherefore wicches prenosticate that place to be the chiefe place of the worlde. Titus Livius; et Augustinus, libro primo, capitulo decimo nono. As hit happede on a tyme Tarquinius the prowde to be abowte the sege of a cite callede Ardeia, not obediente to Rome, Tarquinius Sextus, his son, and Tarquinius Colatinus, spake to gedre of the castite of theire wifes as they sate in soper. Tar|quinius Colatinus, howsebonde to Lucrecia, seide in this wise, "Lette wordes reste and the dedes schalle schewe the precellence of oure wifes." Wherefore the Romanes, come in the nyȝhte vn to a certeyne place of the cite, founde Lucrecia, the wife of Colatinus, makenge sorowe, the wifesEutropius. Wherefore the peple of Rome conuocate, Tar|quinius the prowde kynge and his son Tarquinius Sextus were exilede from the cite. The hoste of the Romanes that were at the sege of Ardeia with the kynge, refusede hym; that kynge commenge to Rome, and fyndenge the ȝates yschutte, fledde with his childer. From whiche tyme ij. con|sules were ordeinede to gouerne the cite and cuntre, whiche were Iunius Brutus and Tarquinius Collatinus, the howse|bonde of Lucrecia; but Tarquinius Collatinus was amouede
o, capitulis 14o et 15o, rehersethe that Tarquinius, howsebonde to Lucrecia, was amovede from his office with in the yere by the frawde of that other consul, his felawe. Augustinus, libro 3o, capitulo 14o. Tarquinius soe expulsede, sende messangeres in to the cite for the goodes that he lefte þere; whiche messyngeres hade a secrete cownselle with the sonnes of Brutus the consul, and with the breþer of the wife off Brutus to brynge Tarquinius in to þe cite. Whiche thynge perceyvede and schewede to the senate, Brutus the consul causede alle to be sleyne. ℞. As Virgilius the poete dothe reherse in the vjthe boke of Enoyd, in the ende. Eutropius, libro primo. Tarquinius
Petrus, capitulo 176o, et Trogus, libro secundo.
THAT kynge Cirus, after that he hade subduede to hym Asia, intendende to ȝiffe a batelle to þe Messagetes. Tha|miris the qwene was redy anoon with a grete hoste to mete,
ti yere regally.Petrus, capitulo centesimo septuagesimo octavo.
CAMBISES, the son of kynge Cirus, succedede his Fader, callede by Esdras the prophete or scribe, Artarxerses or Assuerus, but he is callede Nabugodonosor in the story of Judith, for that thynge whiche is redde in the story of Judith happede in the tyme of this Cambises. Petrus, capitulo 189o. And hit is noo meruayle, thauȝhe he be callede soe, for Cirus his fader namede hym Nabugodonosor,
the yere of his reigne, wastede Egipte, despisenge the rites of theyme, destroyede theire temples, whiche, goenge from that cuntre, diede in the citethe yere of his reigne. Valerius, libro sexto. This Cambises, causenge the skynne of a Iugge Iuggenge vnryȝhteuousely to be taken from hym, putte hit in
Trogus, libro primo, et Petrus, capitulo centesimo octogesimo.
HERMEIDES reignede after Cambises, whiche didde wedde the doȝhter of Cambises, feynenge hym selfe not to wille to reigne, but to kepe the realme to Mergus, broþer of Cam|bises, that tyme of tendre age, whom Cambises hade sleyne
DARIUS reignenge on a c. and xxvijti prouinces, Zorobabell, son of Salathiel, of grete familiarite with hym, movede hym
Josephus, libro xjo. This kynge Darius proposede in the morowe to thre of his kepers thre thynges, promisenge grete ȝiftes to the best answerer amonge theyme; the question was, of a kynge, of wyne, and of a woman, whiche of these thre scholde be moste stronge? The firste man seide a kynge
the yere, whiche was the xlvj. yere from the firste yere of kynge Cirus, in whom thei hade licence to reedifie the temple. And so the wordes of the gospelle be trewe that temple was reedifiede in xlvj. yere. That temple finischede, thei dedicate hit in the monethe of Marche. And this was the secunde dedicacion, for the firste dedicacion was in herueste in þe tyme of Salomon. The thridde dedicacion was made in wynter vnder Iudas Macha|beus. Petrus, capitulo 182. In this yere the fire of the temple, whiche was taken from the awter and hidde in a pytte, was founde brennenge. Also certitude is not hade of the arke of the testamente, how and when the Iewes didde
Titus. The Romanes hade peace after the expulsion of Tarquinius a certeyne season, but, the space and tyme of xv. yere ypas|sede, a grete murmur and sedicion was hade betwene the gouernoures of the cite and the commune peple in his
PICTAGORAS the philosophre diede abowte this tyme. Tro|gus, libro secundo. This Pictagoras was borne in the yle callede Samos, son to Maratus, a ryche Merchaunte. This
ti yere. After that he departede to Methapontus, where he diede afterwarde. Policronicon, libro septimo, capitulo quarto. Mony women folowenge the doctrine of Pictagoras,ti yonge men of the cite,
Valerius, libro 3o, capitulo 7o.Isidorus, libro primo. That clerke Pictagoras was hade so in veneracion of his disciples, that thei thouȝhte hit was wronge vtterly to make eny dowte of that thynge whiche thei hade herde by his disputacion. Isidorus, eodem libro. Pictagoras putte to other letters this letter Y, to the exemple of the lyfe of a man. Agellius, libro octauo, capitulo octauo. This Picta|goras laborede diligentely of the habite, contenaunce, and of
ti epistole, and also after Ambrosius, libro primo, De Offi|ciis, capitulo vo, the disciples of Pictagoras scholde be stille and kepe silence by v. yere. Hugo, capitulo Didascalus. This nowble clerke Pictagoras hade this maner and consue|tude, that noon of his disciples scholde aske eny reason of the þinges that were seide by the space of vij. yere after the nowmbre of the vij. science and artes, but the disciple scholde ȝiffe credence to the wordes of his maister, and vij. year ypaste, to move by his awne reason dubitaciones to his maister. Polichronicon, libro septimo. The auctorite of Pictagoras was suche after his dethe, that men made the howse where he dwellede a temple, and honorede hym as
Ieronimus contra Rufinum. Pictagoras putte sawles after this dethe corpo|realle to goe from body to body. After the seyenge of Virgilius, vto libro Enoydis, the sawles begynne ageyne after dethe to wylle to be reuertede in to theire bodies. Tullius, de Natura Deorum, libro 30o. Pictagoras offrede an ox to his goddes when he founde eny newe thynge in geometrye, whiche thynge scholde not appere to be trewe, for he wolde not offre to Appollo Delphicus, leste that he scholde contaminate the autere with bloode. Polichronicon,
libro quinto, capitulo 4o. The bookes of Pictagoras were brente by men of Athenes, and he was putte in to exile in that he made dowte wheder those thynges were trewe whiche were seide of other men. Agellius, libro quinto. This Pictagoras in his yowthe, compellede as by necessite to labore for his exhibicion, wente to the woode, whiche makenge a fagotte, toke hit on his backe. Demetrius, the philosophre, metenge hym, seenge the beaute of þe childe, and his fagotte to be made and bownde as by geometry, inquirede of the childe who made that fagotte and bownde hit. The childe answerede and seide, "Y made hit." Then the philosophre causede hym to vnlose hit and to bynde hit ageyne, whiche perceyvenge the sapience of the childe, seide to hym: "Sythe that thow hase witte to do welle, folowe me, and thou schalle do better thynges." The childe makenge a promisse to goo with hym, lernede of hym philosophy. Polichronicon, libro 5o. A ryche yonge man,
Isidorus, libro 2o, capitulo 24o. Thauȝhe Tubal, off the kynde of Cayn, afore the grete floode of Noe, be redde to haue be the firste fynder of musike, that is to say, the firste mover of consonancy, neuerthelesse Grekes reherse Pictagoras to haue beene the firste fynder of musike, thro þe sownde of malles and extension of wyres other strynges. Macrobius, libro secundo. As Pictagoras wente in a season in the hie weye, he herde smyȝhtes strykenge
o, that his disciples cowthe reduce theire myndes from wickede thouȝhtes thro musike and songe. Augustinus in Epistola 5ta, contra Julianum. When
Seneca, libro 3o, de ira. Pictagoras constreynede and removede pertur|baciones of the sawle with an harpe. ℞. Discrete men reherse that Pictagoras goenge in a tyme by the places of smythes herde a swete sownde and consonante thro the ofte strykenges of the homers. Wherefore he takenge the measure and weiȝhtes of the homers, founde oon of theyme to weye that other twies, and that other to weie alle that other and the the of ix. weiȝhtes, as this figure presente schewethe:
These cordes yfounde, Pictagoras ȝave names to theyme, callenge hit in sowndes diapason, whiche is callede in nowmbres dupla proporcio, other a dowble proporcion. And that corde in nowmbres called sequal|tera is diapente in sowndes. And that corde whiche is callede sequitercia proportio in nowmbres is made diates|seron in sowndes. And that
Ieronimus contra Ruffinum. Mony men and disciples of Pictagoras, holdenge his preceptes in theire myndes, vsede theyme as for bookes, vsenge myche these prouerbes folowenge in his lyfe. Langor is to be departede from the body, lecchery from the bely, treason from a cite, discorde from a howse, and intemperaunce from alle thynges; seynge also trawthe to be luffedde after God, whiche oonly makethe men as neiȝhebores to Godde.
The name of Philosophres toke begynnenge firste of Pic|tagoras. For men of Grece in olde tyme callede theyme wise men. But this Pictagoras, inquirede of his name, answerede hym to be a Philosophre, that is to say, a luffer of sapience, thenkenge that it were a prowde thynge to name hym selfe a wise man. After that tyme philosophres toke theire names
Policronicon, libro primo. Other philosophres toke theire names of regiones; other philosophres toke theire names of staciones and of conuenticles of places, as Stoici, Achademici,slee is omitted.Augustinus, De Civitate Dei, libro octavo. There be thre diuersites of philosophres;
Ysidorus, libro octavo, capitulo sexto. Wherefore he is callede a trewe philosophre that knowethe thynge diuine and naturalle and kepethe the weye of trewe lyffenge. The philosophres that were diuines were precellente alle other kyndes off philosophres, in that thei laborede and made tractes of God. But mony of theyme did erre gretely in theire opiniones abowte God and the worlde, and thauȝhe mony of theyme hade knowlege of Godde thei glorifiede not theire maker, but euaneschede aweye in theireAugustinus, De Civitate Dei, libro octavo, capitulo 4o. The philosophres knowenge the trawthe of God profite moche to the cogni|cion of trawthe; as Plato, whiche putte in God a cause of subsistence to be, and a reason of intelligence, and an ordre of goode lyvynge; wherefore God is to vs a begynnenge of nature, a trawthe of doctrine, and the felicite of life. Also, sythe þer were philosophres whiche contriuede theire wittes in the inquisicion of the natures of thynges and in the maner of lyffenge, those philosophres ar to be en|hawncede whiche, knowenge God, founde where he was, and cause of the makenge of the worlde, and that God was the welle off felicite. The philosophres laborenge abowte that knowlege come to hit in this maner vnder|stondenge that God was noo body, sythe a body is cor|ruptible and made of contraries. Also thei considerate
Eutropius et Marianus.
THE peple of Rome made treason, seyenge that þei scholde be oppressede by the senate and consules, wherefore thei ordeynede to theyme tribunes as theire defensores ageyne the consules and the senate. Quintus Marius, a gouernoureTrogus, libro secundo. After the dethe of Pisistratus, the tiraunte of Athenes, oon of his sonnes raueschenge a virgyn by strenȝhte was sleyne by the brother of that virgyn oppressede. Then Hispias, son of Pisistratus, reioycenge that realme commaundede the sleer of his brother to be taken. Whiche man compellede by
Orosius, libro secundo. This Darius instorede a batelle ageyne Anticirus, kynge of Sachia other of the Messagetes in that he did not wedde his doȝhter after that he hade recurede men of Assiria and of the cuntre off Babilon goen from his realme. This
ti c. ml. of armede men, made theim lesse in nowmbre by lxxti ml. Then kynge Darius returnenge from that cuntre made tame men of Macedonia and Ionynes, and ȝafe batelle to men of Athenes for cause thei schewede socour to the Ionynes. Whiche beengel in nowmbre come to mete kynge Darius with ml infinite whiche were trawede of the peple now to be men and other while as bestes vnresonable in audacite and boldnesse. Trogus, libro secundo. Men of Persida losenge the victory, toke theire schippes, of whom mony were pureschede and mony were taken. To ȝiffe to eny man the firste lawde in suche a victory is an harde thynge. But trewly þer was a knyȝhte of Athenes, Cinegirus by name, whiche pursuede men of Persida in to the see where he did holde a myȝhty shippe gretely chargede with his ryȝhte honde
l. of men of Persida were sleyne and the tyraunte Hispias also. Darius, the kynge of Persida, diede soone after that tyme in the xxxvj. yere of his reigne levenge after hym mony childer; but Xerses his son as borne with in the realme reioycede hit after the dethe of Darius, his father.
XERSES, the son of kynge Darius and the vthe kynge of Persida reignede xxti yere. This Xerses recurede the londe of Egipte whiche wolde not be obediente to his fader and instaurede a batelle ageyne the londe of Grece y|begunne by his fader by the space of v. yere, vnder whom Iosephus seithe Esdras the scribe to haue goen in to þe
the yere of his reigne. Also he seithe Neemias boteler to hym to haue goen in to the Iewery in the xxvti yere of his reigne, and to haue reparede the walles of Ierusalem vnder the space of xij. yere. But Esdras seithe hym selfe to haue goen in to the Iewery in theTrogus. Damarchus, a nowble man of Athenes, put from that cite wente vn to Xerses whiche perceyvenge kynge Xerses to intende and labor for the destruc|cion of the cite, sende to the nowble men of that cite his en|tencion and labor in a peire of tables couerenge the writenge with wexe. The nowble men of the cite openenge the tables cowthe not fynde the intellecte of þeim, but at the laste the sustir of Leonida kynge takenge aweye the wexe founde the intellecte and sentence of that writenge. Xerses, the kynge of Persida, hade xcc ml of fiȝhtenge men, so that the waters
Orosius, libro 2o. This Xerses hade so grete a multitude off peple and nowmbre of schippes that the waters and sees semede vnnethe sufficiaunte to theire drynke and the londe to theire goenge, whiche grete multitude of peple was ouercommen by iiij. ml men callede Spartani fiȝhtenge with theyme by iij. daies. Valerius, libro 6o. That multitude y-gedrede, a man off Persida seide the Grekes schalle not be oppressede oonly and ouercomme, but they schalle be troden vnder feete with such a multitude of men of Persida. An other man seide the kynge hathe not mater sufficiaunte where he may exercise his vertu. An other man seide the see is vnnethe sufficiaunte to the schippes, armor to the men, castelles to þe knyȝhtes, and the aier for dartes and arowes. Damarachus answerede and seide, "This multitude is so huge that hit is not
c men of Lace|demonia seide hym selfe to be deceyvede in that he hade mony men and fewe discrete in batelles. A man of the londe of Grece seide the sonne to haue been schadoede in that conflicte thro the schotenges of dartes and of arowes of men of Persida. An other man seide to hym in thisTrogus, libro secundo. Leonida the kynge of Athenes with iiij. ml men destroyede a grete parte of the hoste of men of Persida, and dispersede in the nyȝte that other
ARTAXERSES, otherwise callede Longimanus, the vijthe kyngeti yere; vnder whom somme men say those thynges to haue happede whiche be redde of Hester and of Mardocheus, whiche thynge semethe not to be trewe. For Esdras the scribe, whiche was in the begynnenge of this kynge, and rehersethe hym selfe and Neemias to haue returnede from Babilon, wolde not haue leyvede the trawthe of þat story. But more raþer Hester was vnder Artaxerses the xjthe kynge
ti yere, he diede, and was beryede nye the temple of concorde in the cite of Trinouante, callede nowe London. This is that Molimicius whiche ȝafe im|munite and socoure to man sleenge oþer, to temple of goddes, to plowes, cites, or to hie wayes. Petrus. Esdras the scribe come from Babilon with the kynges letters thro whom he scholde releysche the ministres of the temple from every tribute, and scholde ordeyn ministres of þe kynge, or move theym aweye, and punysche rebelliones
e and xxti of the childer of Israel come, whiche were behynde the hilles Caspy, and ml lxxti c. men returnede with hym; where he correcte in his commynge the childer of þe transmigracion, and namely prestes for their wifes ofti bokes, þat men of Hebrewe scholde haue as mony bookes in nowmbre as thei hade letters. The seide Esdras founde newe letters, whiche were more liȝhte to the writenge and pronunciacion, wherefore he was callede the hasty scribe. Also somme men reherse that þe Iewes did write afore from the lifte parte to the ryȝhte and from
THE Romanes desirede lawes of men of Athenes by legates and messyngers. Then men of Athenes willenge to proue wheþer thei were worthy theire lawes, sende a discrete man, with the lawe of x. tables, to attempte the wisedome of the
Ysidorus, libro quinto. Moyses ȝafe lawe to men of Hebrewe; Foroneus the kynge to men of Grece; Mercurius Trimegistus to men of Egipte; Salon to men of Athenes; Ligurgus to men of Lacedemonia; Numa Pompilius
l bookes, and iijc. ml of versus. The power of the con|sulles seasede abowte this tyme in Rome, and x. men were create and ordeynede for the ij. consulles; but in the secunde yere after, as Seynte Austyn seithe, De Civitate Dei, libro primo, capitulo nono, oon of theyme, Appius Claudius, bren|nengePetrus, capitulo 186o. Neemias, a man of Hebrewe, and boteler of kynge Artaxerses, wente from Babilon thro the graunte of his lorde vn to the Iewery, where he was gouernoure of the peple by xij. yere; whiche began to repaire in his vthe yere þe walles and ȝates of Ierusalem; whiche werke he finischede after the continuacion of hit by ij. yere and iiij. monethes, with suche impedimentes and tribulacion that the halfe parte of the peple stode with owte the cite in armes to fiȝhte ageyne theire enmyes and that other parte laborede in theire armoure, holdenge a swerde with the oon honde and laborenge with that other. After that, Neemias perceyvenge that the Iewes hade noo
ti wekes of yeres whom Daniel propheciede to be abbreuiate on the peple of God from the xxti yere of Artaxerses, in whom Neemias come from Babilon, vn to Criste, that is to say, to the xviijthe yere of Tiberius Cesar, thou schalle fynde so þat a weke of yeres be vnderstonde of þe yere of the mone, and not of the yere of the sonne other embolismalle, ccccxc. yere of the moone, with owte monethes embolismalle, whiche make cccclxxv. yere of the
ti yere of Artaxerses vn to the vjthe yere of kynge Darius, in whiche yere he was ouercommen by grete Alexander, as by an c. and xv. yere. And the realme of Grece stode and contynuede vn to the tymes of Iulius CesarOrosius, libro 3o. The nyȝhte was extendede abowte this tyme in to a grete parte of the day, and an haile of stones descendenge from the clowdes
Petrus, capitulo 188o. Esdras the scribe diede in a goode age, and Neemias the prophete wente to kynge Artaxerses, but he returnede a litelle afore his dethe to Ierusalem, and did chide the transgresores of the lawes, whiche dyenge was beryede nye to the walle whiche he made in Ierusalem. Beda de compot. The ordre of the diuine story is taken ȝitte hider after the computacion of men of Hebrewe, but these thynges folowenge be of þe writenges of Iosephus Affricanus, and taken owte of the bokes of Machabes. Also consulles were create at Rome ageyne. Ypocras, the noble man in þe arte of medicynes was in this tyme. Ysidorus, libro quarto. Appollo founde firste the arte of medicynes amonge men of Grewe; after that Esculapius his son did ampliate hyt, but he was pereschede thro a stroke of liȝhtenge, whiche arte was alle moste forgeten by vc. yere vn to the tyme of this kynge Artaxerses, in whos tyme Ypocras renewede that arte
XERSES the viijthe kynge of men of Persida reignede after Artaxerses by ii. monethes. In the tyme of whom Plato thethe kynge of Persida, whiche reignede xix. yere. Galfridus et Alfridus. In whiche tyme Belinus, the son of Molimicius,
the yere of his reigne y-paste, Brennius began to rebelle ageyn Belinus his broþer, whiche Brennius putte to fliȝhte, wente to the duke of the Lesse Briteyne, whose doȝhter he had mariede, to haue that realme after his dissease. And after that he hade receyvede þat realme, in the firste yere he come to Briteyn with a grete hoste of Frensche men and of Allobroges, to ȝiffe batelle ageyne his broþer; but þeire moder, a woman of grete age, schewenge to theyme her breste, and pullenge down her eiere of here hede, procurede peas amonge theyme. And in the yere folowenge after the acorde made betwene the brether, thei coniuncte togedre, made Fraunce subiecte to theyme, and destroyede a grete parte of Germany, and at the laste thei lade sege
Titus, When that the Romanes in segenge þe Vegence hade sustenede grete infortunes by the space of x. yere, Furius Canillus put a grete siȝhte of connynges vnder the erthe in oon parte of the cite, thro the erthes of whom his knyȝhtes entrenge in to the cite toke a grete towre of hit, while that Furius Camillus oppugnede the walles in an oþer parte of the cite. The citesynnes seenge that, yoldede the cite, but Canillus displeasede so the peple in the diuision of theire pray that he was to a iuggemente. Whiche dredenge dethe went voluntaryly
ARTAXERSES, the son of Darius, otherwise namede Memnon, and Assuerus of men of Hebrewe, whiche beenge the xjthe kynge of Persida reignede xlti yere from Ynde vn to Ethioppe, on a c. and xxvij. prouinces, the regalle seete of whom was in the cite callede Susis, callede in the story of Iudith Eg|bathanis, whiche was the chiefe cite of Elamites. And after Iosephus, Daniel the prophete made þer a ryalle beryalle for kynges, so maruellous that hit semethe to be made newly in the same day that a man dothe beholde hit. In whom kynges of Medea, Persia, and of Parthia were wonte to be beryede. This Artaxerses made a grete feste in the thridde
ti dayes, in that maruellous place of whom hit is redde in the story of kynge Alexander, the pillers of whom were of siluyr, the couerenge of hit was concamerate lyke to the firmamente, hauenge in hit gemmes of diuerse coloures in the similitude of sterres. After that he didde eite with his peple in his gardyn of delices, where a vyne was hauenge brawnches of siluyr and of golde, and also clustres of gemmes; the tentes were hongede on pillers of siluyr, of marbole, of yuery, with ropes of clothe of golde and of pur|pulle; where the qwene of Vasthi recusenge to comme to hym was despisede, and Hester was electe for her. De|mocritus, the philosophre, diede abowte this tyme, of whom Agellius rehersethe that he pullede owte his eien for iij. causes. The firste cause was for the siȝhte exterialle lettePolicronicon, libro septimo. Socrates the philosophre, beynge of xc. yere in age, diede, with a constante chere drynkenge poyson and venom. But hit is to be perceyvede and attendede that þer were iij. Socrates: oon Socrates Cassiodorus commendethe in his story tripartite; for this story was compilede of Seleucus, Theodori|cus, and Socrates. There was also an other Socrates, a noble clerke of Grece, of whom hit is rehersede primo libro Saturna|lium. The thridde Socrates was the maister of Plato, of
Policronicon, libro quarto, capitulo sexto. Socrates was accomptede and iuggede the moste noble philosophre in the oracle of Appollo, which exceded in sapience the vij. noble philosophres amonge the Grekes with owte contradiccion, whiche be rehersede, and were afore hym not oonly in oppinion of sapience, but also in vertu of lyvynge. Of whom Tullius spekethe, libro primo, de Tusculanis Questionibus, that Socrates was prince of philosophye, and callede it from heuyn vn to the erthe, and stableschede hit in mony citees. Augustinus de Civitate Dei, libro octavo, capitulo quarto decimo. A spiritte was felowe to Socrates, informenge hym in mony thynges, as Apuleus rehersethe in his boke De Deo Socratis, seyenge that Socrates was wonte by that spiritte to be amovede from thynges that scholde not be done. ℞. Also Calcidius rehersethe super Thimeum Platonis, that a spiritte was felewe to Socrates, not that he scholde move hym to
Valerius, libro octavo, capitulo septimo. Socrates in his olde age ȝafe his laboure to musike, thenkenge better to knowe that arte late than neuer, makenge hym selfe poore to lerne,Valerius, libro octavo. Socrates was not aschamede to take a reede betwene his legges, or elles a staffe, and play with his childer. Policronicon, libro octavo. Hit is a familiar thynge to a wise man to ioy otherwhile, not that the exercise off vertu scholde declyne by hit, but raþer that thei scholde be encreasede. This Socrates ȝafe grete resplendence in vertues heroicalle and philosophicalle, thro whom men be assimilate to goddes. for he florischede in temperaunce, as Agellius rehersethe, libro 2o. Also Valerius rehersethe, libro 2o, Socrates to haue seide mony men to lyve in vice, and to lyve that thei myȝhte eite; but he seide hym to eyte that he myȝhte lyve. Also he florischede in patience, for as Seneca re|hersethe,
o de ira, Socrates walkenge in a cite, and strynken of a symple felowe, seide in this wise: "I am not wrothe, but y dowte wheþer y schalle be." Also he seide in a tyme to a wickede seruaunte of his, "Y scholde bete the but that Y am wrothe." Also this Socrates hade a cursede wife and wickede childer, more like to the moder then to hym, and also a greuous seruaunte, and ȝitte he was verey paciente for alle that. Of whom Seneca spekethe, Epistola 197a. Soe this Socrates was alle moste contynually other in tyrannesse other in liberte moore cruelle and grevous then batayle. Of whom Ierom rehersethe contra Iouin: and
Agellius, libro secundo, et Poli|cronicon, libro quinto. When a man askede of Socrates in
Seneca de Ira. A signe of wrathe in Socrates was when he was in angre he wolde speke with
Policronicon, libro quinto. Socrates answerede to a man inquirenge of him how that he myȝhte gette a good name, and seide in this wise: "That man schal haue a goode name that dothe welle and spekethe litelle." Policronicon libro septimo. TheYsidorus, Ethi: libro 2o, capitulo vicesimo-quarto. This Socrates founde firste moralle disciplyne, to correcte vices and to plante vertues, diuidenge that arte in to iiij. vertues, in
Augustinus de vera religione, capitulo primo. Socrates was namede of moore boldenesse in swerenge then eny other man in his tyme, in that he did swere by a
the chapitre. A disciple of Socrates accusede hym in that he made a boke of God, and not of goddes. Wherefore Socrates was compellede to eite an herbe pestilente in þe name of that Godde, whiche eitenge hit was not poysonede. And after that he was compellede to eite an herbe pestilente in the name of goddes, and he was dedde anoone. Whereof Tullius rehersethe that after that Socrates was putte to dethe, men of Athenes were soory, and punyschede soore his accusers, and sette an ymage of golde in the temple in the worschippe of Socrates. The
the boke of the Etykes, that Socrates accusede seide in this wise: "Men of Athenes may condempne Socrates, but thei can not make hym unryȝht|euous." Men of Athenes began to use xxiiij. letters, whiche vsede afore but xvj., as his rehersede afore. Eutropius et Gaufridus.
SENONES and men of Fraunce, with Brennius their gouer|noure, ouercome the Romanes at þe floode and water callede Alba, by xj. myles from Rome, whom thei causede to fle to the cite of Rome, and toke the cite vn to the capitoly. Titus Livius. The Frensche men commenge priuely in to thePolicronicon, libro quinto. A maister hauenge gouernayle of the noble notable childer of the Falisces, takenge theym with hym as for to solace theym and to walke, comme to Furius Canillus when he laide sege to the cite of theyme, and brouȝte to hym the noble men sonnes of hit, seyenge that he myȝhte haue the cite delyuerede for the deliueraunce of the childer. Then Canillus, despisenge that falsenesse, sende hym to the faders of the childer, hauenge his hondes bounde behynde hym. And soe he hade that cite delyuerede to hym thro that benefite, whiche cowthe not haue hit by werre and malice. Trogus, libro quartodecimo. Thre c. thowsande of FrenschePaulus, libro secundo. The cause why that Frensche men comme yn to Ytaly was this folow|enge. For when men of Fraunce hade tastede of the wyne commen and brouȝhte from Ytaly, thei hade so grete pleasure in hit that thei wente to Ytaly. Brennius was theire gouernoure, reignenge then amonge the Senones, whiche commenge with iijc. ml men, sende an c. ml to spoile the Grekes, whiche felede þe swerdes of the Grekes nye to the temple of Appollo Delphicus. Also he sende an other c. ml to Galacia, a parte of the lesse Asia, whiche entrenge in to hit were callede firste Gallogreci, and after þat Galathe. The thridde c. ml which remaynede in Ytaly, edifiede mony cites, as the cite Papias, Mediolanus, Pergamus, and namede that cuntre cisalpyn of Fraunce. Policronicon, libro sexto, capitulo decimo. Men of Fraunce made that
Gaufridus. Belinus returnenge from Ytaly to Briteyne, lyvede after|warde in peas, and repairede mony cites, makenge Caerhusce on a water callede Husca, nye to Seuerne. Also this Belinus made a ȝate, whiche is callede nowe of Englysche men Belynsgate, on Thamys in the cite of London, and made a towre above, in whiche towre the powdre of his body i-brente was putte afterwarde. Also the seide Belinus
Trogus, libro vicesimo quarto. Brennius commenge from the este partes, ouer|come ageyn men of Macedonia, with Sostenes theire gouer|noure,Policronicon, libro sexto. The inhabitatores of that place seenge þat, preiede Appollo Delphicus of helpe, and anoone a grete parte broken, as þro an erthe qwake, depressede a grete parte of the hoste of men of Fraunce, a grete hayle destroyenge that other parte of the hoste. The gouernoure of theym, Brennius by name, not worthe ne able to suffre the nowmbre of his grete woundes and peyne, did sle hym selfe with a swerde. But men schalle attende that the vengeaunce schewede to that hoste was not doen by the power of Appollo, but by the iuste iuggemente of Allemyȝhty God, suffrenge ylle and wickede peple to be destroyede, whiche destroyede
Eutropius. DIGNITES were chaungede amonge men of Rome; for x tribunes of cheuallery were create in the stedde of ij. consules, whiche hade the power of þe consulles, and then Rome encreasede gretely in richnesse; but that dignite endurede not longe. Diogenes the philosophre was abowte this tyme, whom Iohn seithe in his Policronicon, libro 7o, to be the disciple of Anaximenes. But Seynte Austyn, De Civitate Dei, seithe that he was the disciple of Anaxagoras; and Seynte Ierom seythe, in his epistole ageynes Iouinian, that he was the disciple of Antistenes, whiche was the disciple of Socrates, whiche semethe to be trewe; for Seneca and Valerius seye that Diogenes was in the tymes of grete Alexander, with
Ieronimus contra Iouinianum. This philo|sophreValerius, libro quarto, capitulo tertio. In a tyme grete Alexander, the myȝhty conqueror, comme to this philosophre sittenge in the tunne, movenge hym that he scholde desire somme thynge of hym. Then the philosophre seide, "Y desire that þou wolde stonde owte of the sonne, and lette hyt not to schyne in to myne howse." Whereof a proverbe was spronge, that kynge
Seneca, epistola 94o et Ieronimus contra Iouinianum. This Diogenes berenge a cuppe of tree with hym where in he myȝhte drynke water, perceyvede a childe to drynke water of his holowe honde, and brake his veselle of tre, seyenge, "How longe schalle y be a foole, and berre a voide burthon; y perceyvede not to þis tyme that nature hade ȝiffen a instrumente whereof a man myȝte drynke;" and so after that tyme he vsede to drynke water of his holowe honde. This Diogenes goenge
Valerius, libro quarto, capitulo tertio. Aristippus seide to Diogenes wasch|enge herbes in this wise: "If thow woldest glose Dionisius the kynge thow scholde not haue nede to wasche these herbes." To whom he seide, "If thow wolde eite these wortes, thow scholde not glose kynge Dionisius." Seneca, libro tertio de ira. Diogenes pletenge afore a iugge, a man spitte in his face. To whom he seide, "I schal afferme alle men to be deceyvede hereafter that sey, thow hase noo mowthe." Policronicon, libro octavo. A man beholdenge Diogenes in a tyme, seide that he hade unchaste eien, wherefore the disciples of Diogenes wolde haue sleyne þat man as a lyer. To whom Diogenes seide, "Sease,
to, satira prima, that Diogenes goenge in to an open place wepede, thenkenge and iuggenge alle thynges miserable that he see. But Democritus the philosophre laȝhede when he come in open places, iuggenge thynges y-seen as foly, and thynges not to be attendede. In libro de dictis philosophorum. A fowle man did schewe on a tyme to Diogenes his place ornate with riche apparaile, whiche Diogenes spitte in his face. The man inquirenge of hym why that he did so, Diogenes answerede and seide that he see noo thynge so fowle in his howse as his face. Also an inquisicion made of Diogenes why he suffrede his berde to grow, he answerede and seide that a woman hauenge a
Tullius, libro primo de Tusculanis Quæstionibus. Diogenes afore his dethe com|maundede that he scholde be caste in to þe felde or in to the hille vnberiede; then his frendes seide that he scholde be devourede of bestes and of briddes. To whom he seide,
DIONISIUS the tiraunte, kynge of Sicille, diede after that Dionisius the yonger hade entrede in to his realme. Valerius libro quarto. Amon and Phiceas were ij. men and frendes luffenge moche to gedre, oon of whom Dionisius wolde putte to dethe in eny wise. The man imprisonede askede respite that he myȝhte make ordinaunce and prouision for his wife and childer vn to a certeyne day, in this condicion, that hys felowe scholde abide the iuggemente for hym if þat he come not ageyne. Whiche man departenge and makenge prouision for his wife and childer, faylede of the howre assignede, wherefore Dionisius iuggede his borowe to dethe, whiche brouȝte to dethe, anoon that oþer man comme
Tullius de Tusculanis Quæs|tionibus, libro primo. When a man callede Damocles, luffer and frende of that tiraunte Dionisius, seide to hym in this wyse, commendenge his magnificence and habundaunce, sey|enge noo man to be so happy and fortunate as he; to whom the tiraunte seide, "Wille þow experte my fortune?" The other man makenge graunte, this Dionisius causede a ryalle table to be displeiede and leyede furthe, and noble ministres and kynde, with mony diuersites of meytes and of musiciones. Then he didde commaunde a scharpe swerde to be hongede over hisValerius, libro sexto. Alle the Siracusanes preyenge for þe dethe of Dionisius the tiraunte, an olde woman preiede hertily for his state and welfare. The kynge mer|uellenge þerof, inquirede of the woman why that sche preide so intierly for hym. The woman answerede in this wise, andTullius de officio, libro secundo. This kynge Dionisius usede not to be shaven of barbores, for cause he dredde and suspecte þeim of treason; wherefore he usede to brenne his berde with bren|nenge cole off fire. The seide Dionisius, entrenge in to a
Policronicon, libro quinto. Furius Canillus, the gouernoure of the Romanes,
Gaufridus et Alfridus. Gurguncius Batruz, the sonne of Belinus, commenge from Denmarke, kynge of Britones, toke xxxti schippes abowte the yles of Orcades, whom he sende to Irlonde to inhabite hit with theire gouernoure Bartholomewe, for Yrlonde was not inhabite that tyme of eny peple. ℞. Beholde more of that mater afore, libro jo, capitulo de Hibernia.
OCHUS, other Artaxerses, the xijthe kynge of men of Per|sida, reignede xxv. yere, in the tyme of whom Furius Canillus dedde, a grete pestilence infecte and corrupte soore mony of þe Romanes, in so moche that a depe place as helle was open in the myddes of the cite. At the laste, wicches seide that hit wolde not be schutte vn tille a man wolde falle in to hit willefully; wherefore Marcus Cursius, the ryder of þe
Agellius. This philosophre Demostines resistede the legates of the Molosynes commen to Athenes, and disputede ageyne
Valerius, libro septimo. Too men toke a grete summe of goode to a woman to haue hit in kepenge, commaundenge her that sche scholde not delyuer that summe to eny of theyme vn tille that thei come bothe to geder. A litelle season y-passede, the
Ysidorus, libro primo, capitulo tricesimo primo. When that kynge Philippe lade sege to the cite of Athenes, he desirede to haue x. noble philosophres sende to hym, and he wolde returne from the sege of that cite. This
Plato, the noble philosophre, diede after he hade con|tynuede in life by lxxxj. yere, whiche was hade in so grete veneracion and reuerence after his dethe that thei made a dubitacion wheþer he scholde be annumerate with goddes, other elles with halfe goddes. For the sonne was seen to haueTullius de divinatione, libro primo, capitulo sexto
decimo. Bees come and sate on the lippes of Plato, beenge but litelle and slepenge in his cradelle, wherefore hit was seide of wicches that he scholde be an excellente man in connynge. Valerius, libro primo, capitulo quarto decimo. Socrates semede in his slepe a thynge or signe to haue bene impressede in to his knees in the nyȝte folowenge that Plato was sette to scole. Valerius, libro octavo, capitulo septimo. After the dethe of that noble philosophre Socrates, Plato wente to the disciples of Pictagoras, worschippenge not oonly the reason of theyme, but also the continence and aspecte of theyme; after that he wente to Theodorus Cironense, that he myȝte lerne geometry, goenge after that to Egipte to lerne astrologye. Polichronicon, libro septimo. Mony men sup|pose
o libro Confessionum afore þe ende, rehersetheIeronimus contra Iouinianum. When that Plato was ryche, and Diogenes hade defilede his bedde with ryalle apparaile with his feete fulle of myre and of cley, he chosede a ruynous towne callede Achademia and a fowle, beenge from Athenes by a myle, that the brennenge hete of the flesche myȝhte be resteynede
Macro|bius, libro tertio. This Plato seide that þer were ij. dethes, oon by the whiche the sawle dothe leue the body, an other dethe when the sawle, beenge in the body, despisethe and refusethe the unlawefulle movenges and sensualites of the body. And that dethe is to be desirede of prophetes and of holy men. Seneca de natura, libro tertio. Plato beynge wrothe with his seruaunte in a tyme commaundede hym to do of his clothes and to make his scholders bare that he myȝhte bete hym, but he suffrede and refreynede hym selfe from correccion. Pseusippus, his luffer and frende, inquirede of hym what he intendede to do, whiche ansuerede and seide, "Y refreyne my selfe from correccion and suffre penaunce: do thy selfe correccion to this seruaunte, for
Polichronicon, libro septimo. I suppose that be not trewe whiche is seide of Plato, that he scholde dye for schame in that he cowthe not ȝiffe a solucion to þe question of schippe men, but y trawe that to be trewe of Homerus,Valerius, libro nono, capitulo duodecimo. The noble poete Homerus diede for schame in that he cowthe not ȝiffe a solucion to þe question of the schippe men. ℞. The question of the schippe men was this, as Gregory Nazanzene rehersethe on this texte of thapostle, "Sapientia hujus mundi stultitia est apud Deum." Plato wente in a tyme nye to the see side, lokenge up to heuyn and beholdenge the firmamente, whom the schippe men mockede and skornede. Then Plato inquirede of theyme what thei hade. Thei seide, "As mony we toke we haue not, and we haue so mony as we tooke not;" for the seide schippe men hade made clene theire clothes of vermyn, and sleyne theym thei hade taken, and so thei hade not that thei hade taken. Then Plato settenge his thouȝhte on fysches, mervaylede moche; whiche not eitenge neiþer drynkenge for the in|quisicion of that thynge, diede in that wyse and maner. Polichronicon, libro septimo. Pseusippus, the sonne of his sustyr, and Zenocrates, þe amiable disciple of Plato, suc|cedede
Valerius, libro quarto. Hit is redde of this Zenocrates, that a beautuous woman of ylle disposicion hade made promyse to breke his continency for a certeyne summe of goode, whiche commenge and lyenge with hym cowthe not move hym to incontinency in eny wise. Wherefore the yonge men of the cite of Athenes hade that woman in derision, in that sche cowthe not cause hym to breke his continency. The woman ansuerede and
Ieronimus contra Iouinianum. Zenocrates, that noble philosophre, lefte at Athenes thre preceptes oonly to be obser|uede, whiche were of the lawes of Tritolomus: the firste was to honoure theire fader and moder, to worschippe goddes, andPolicronicon, libro septimo, et Augustinus de Civitate Dei, libro nono, capitulo undecimo.
ARISTOTILES, the prince of philosophres, succedede Plato, a noble man in fame and in doctrine, excellente of witte, but not like to Plato in eloquence, but more noble then he in the arte of techenge and of suasion. This Aristotille made the secte of philosophres callede Peripatetici, in that he was wonte to dispute walkenge. The seide Aristotille deseruede by the excellence of his science the name of a philosophre, as a poete Virgille, a cite
Alexander de natura. Aristotille the noble clerke tauȝhte eloquency amonge other thynges specially, as his Omericalle commentes declare and expresse, and the dialogge of poetes, and a tretes of rethorike. Aristotille beenge of xviij. yere in age, was sente to Athenes, where he drawede to Socrates by iij. yere, and after the dethe of Socrates he was con|uersaunte with Plato. For the seide Plato callede the howse of Aristotille the lectory or redenge place, and seide ofte in this wise, "Goe we to the reders howse;" and Aristotille absente he was wonte to say, "The auditory is domme." The seide Aristotille lyvede by xxiiijti yere after that Plato was dedde; in parte of those yeres techenge kynge Alexander and goenge
e and lti politikes, and added to the etikes felicite, provenge felicite not to be in thynges exterialle, and to philosophy the vthe essence. Also he made problemes medicinalle and phisicalle in lxxx.
l in nowmbre; whiche hade euer de|lectacion to serche the trawthe, and not to discede from thynges open. Whom Auicenna commendethe, iijo libro Methaphysices; and Rabi Moyses, libro primo, capitulo 4o; and Agellius, libro octauo, capitulo 3o; and Iohn in his Policronicon, libro octavo. Also Plinius, libro septimo. The noble conqueror Alexander,
l of men of Grece, of Tracia, and of Asia, with mony kyndes and diuersites of bestes, whiche scholde norische þose bestes in his cowrte, that noo thynge geten naturally scholde remayne unknowen to hym. Wherefore Aristotilleti noble volumes of bestes. Wherefore hit is seide de naturis rerum, libro secundo. Somme men ascribe to veyne glory and to envye that Aristotille wrote his bokes so breve and so hardely. Other elles hit may be seide that Aristo|tille made his bookes vnder such brevenesse and difficulte for the utilite of goode students, whiche is abowte a goode thynge and harde. Also this noble clerke Aristotille, a
THE Romanes commaunde batelle to the Sampnites, whiche be as in the myddes betwene Campania and Apuleia, hauenge armoure of golde and of siluyr. The cause and movenge of that bataile was for that londe Campania, whiche is a ryalle cuntre and a pleyne. The chiefe cite of whom, Capua by name, is comparate in magnitude and habun|dance vn to Rome, other to Cartago. Lucius Cursius, a
Titus Livius. The gouernoure of the Sampnites, Poncius by name, sette his hoste by a place whereby he supposede the
c. men of armes of the Romanes putte in plegge. Eutropius. In the yere folowenge, the senate commaundede Lucius Papirius to ȝiffe batelle to the Sampnites, in whiche conflicte he hade the victory of the Sampnites. Orosius, libro tertio. A soore and grevousItem Orosius. The women of Rome feynenge theym as brennenge in luffe made drynkes to theire howsebondes, as schewenge and apper|enge to þeim drynke of pleasaunce and made for luffe, but the drynkes were made with grevous and soore poy|son, whiche thynge was schewede to the cenate by oon of theire maides. Then the cenatores perceyvenge the trawthe causede theire wyfes to drynke that confeccion, where thro a grete multitude of theyme diede as sodenly, also cc. and lxxti women begynnenge that myschefe were condempnede to dethe. Gaufridus. Guitelinus, the son of Gurguncius, reignede abowte this tyme in Briteyne; Marcia, the wife of whom, instructe in alle artes, made a lawe callede theGaufridus. The seide Marcia reignede a certeyn space after the dethe of here howse|bonde; after her Sisillus reignede, whom Kynmaurus suc|cedede;
ARSANIUS, other Xerses, son of Ochus, and xiijthe kynge off the realme of Persida, reignede iiij. yere. In the firste yere of whom Iadus the bischoppe of the Iewes was. Philippus the kynge of Macedonia was sleyne by a noble yonge man callede Pausanias by disseite and treason. Trogus, libro nono. This kynge Philippus was more besy abowte armore then abowte festes, ȝiffen more to gettenge of richesse then to the kepenge off theyme. Trogus, libro septimo.
Trogus, libro quarto decimo. Philippus kynge of Macedonia, ȝiffenge batelle to men of Scithia, whom he spoylede more by wylenesse then by vertu and myȝhte; in whiche conflicte he sente to Macedony xxti ml of childer, and xxti ml mares, to gendre moo horses in his realme. Whiche returnenge from theyme, the Thebanes denyede to hym passage; whiche was also hurte soore there in the hippe, in so moche that the horse under hym was sleyne thro the same wounde: of whom he hade the victory. Neuer|thelesse ȝitte as for that wounde he was not more cruelle neither made ioye amonge his peple of that grete victory. Whiche sende ayeyne withowte eny rawnson ccc. philo|sophres,l foote men and xv. ml of horse men to ȝiffe batelle ageyne men of Persida, of whiche hoste he made Attalus gouernoure, whose suster he hade mariede, after that he hade refusede Olimpias the moder off kynge Alexander, for cause of adowtery confessede by her awne person. Wherefore kynge Philippe was sleyne in that weddenge by a yonge noble man callede Pausanias, whiche suffrede a grete rebuke first priuely by the seide
THE noble conquerour Alexander hauenge xxti yere in age, began to reigne after the dethe of his fader in the realme of Macedonia, whiche reignede xij. yere and vj. monethes. This Alexander was more habundante in vices þen his fader, but the fader was more prudente in cownselle, not usenge crudelite or fiȝhte but vn to his enmyes; but Alexander usede crudelite to his frendes and also to his aduersaries and enmyes. The fader desirede to be luffede of men, but the son laborede to cause men to drede hym. Þe fader was ȝiffen to liberalite, the son vn to lecchery. Vincentius, libro quinto. Ochus, kynge of men of Persida, occupiede Egipte and expulsede Nectanabus in the xv. yere of the reigne of Ochus, and in þe xij. yere of the reigne ofthe yere of Nectanabus kynge of Egipte. This Nectanabus was not wonte to gedre an
Quintus Cursius. Too egles sate on the toppe of the howse in the tyme of her childenge alle þe day, that signifiede ij. regalies, of Asia and of Europe. Alexander borne hade oon eie yelowe, that other blacke. Ieronimus, epistola octogesima quinta. Alex|ander yonge in age myȝhte not suffre Leonides his maister to be from hym, wherefore kynge Philippe removede hym aweye, and made Aristotille his maister. Seneca. Alexander caste that same Leonides his maister afterwarde to be de|uourede of a lyon. Vincentius. Alexander beenge of xij.
Giraldus in Topographia. Alexander beenge in familier felowschippe and companye, and herenge an harpe, kytte the strynges, seyenge hit is better þe harpe strynges to be kytte then hertes: for hym semede his herte to be more inflexible to melody then to chevallery thro that swetenesse. ℞. Neuerthelesse storyes reherse that Anthi|gonus brake an harpe in the maner aforeseide, to whom
Tullius. Kynge Philippe understondenge that Alexander his sonne obteynede the fauoure of men þro money, wrote to hym in this forme: "What erroure hathe brouȝhte the to that hope þat thou scholde suppose those men to be trewe to the whom thow may corrupte with moneye." Darius the sonne of Arsanius, þe xiiijthe kynge of Persia, began to reigne in the secunde yere of kynge Alexander, whiche reignede vj. yere. Trogus, libro undecimo. Alex|ander reioycenge the realme of Macedonia, did slee Cranaus, the sonne of his stappe moder, and alle his cosynnes whiche semede apte to reioyce that realme, that noo treason scholde be in that realme in his absence occupiede in batelle in other londes and cuntrees. After that he wente to Corinthus, andti. ml of foote men and v. ml off horsemen; wherefore hit is incerteyne wheþer hit was moore meruellous Alexander to haue ouercome mony londes and the kynges of þeim, and to haue conquerede the worlde, other elles to haue audacite to haue taken on hym soe grete batailes with so fewe
Petrus, capitulo centesimo nonagesimo sexto. Alexander passenge the water Elesponte ȝafe batelle ageyne the dukes and gouernoures of the hoste of kynge Darius gedrede to resiste hym, nye to a water callede Granicus, of whom he hade victory. After that he wente and toke Liddia, Yconium, Pamphilia; and toke a cite calcde Sardis, sette betwene Frigia Maior and Frigia Minor. Trogus, libro undecimo. The commenge of Darius schewede, Alexander dredenge the streytenesse of the place wente vn to the grete hille - callede Taurus; commynge to Tharsum fulle of swote and duste thro la|boure, felle in to a water floenge þer by, þro whiche he hade suche a streynenge of his senowes togeder that he hade diede anoon, but that he receyvede a pocion of Phi|lippe his phisicion. Neuerthelesse the seide Philippe re|ceyvede letters send from kynge Darius promisenge to hym a grete summe of goode that he scholde poyson kyngec ml of foote men, and a c. ml of horse men, where a grete batelle was committe, in whom either kynge was woundede soore. Neuertheles kynge Darius fledde, of whose hoste iiijxx ml of foote men were sleyne, and x. ml of horsemen; and xxxti castelles of defence were broke; the moder and wife of Darius were taken, with his ij. doȝhters, whiche hade grawnte of theire lyves, and were mariede. From whiche tyme Alexander exercisede gretely the synne of lecchery, and luffede moche Barsen doȝter of Darius, of whom he gate a noble childe callede Hercules: after that he wente in to þe este partes, vn to a realme calledde Siria. Petrus, capitulo centesimo nonogesimo sexto. Then Sarra|balla movede kynge Alexander that the Iewes scholde be
Trogus, libro decimo octavo. After that Alexander wente to the cite of Tirus, where he putte to dethe on crosses alle men of that cite, the kynrede and progeny of Straton reservede in lyve. For seruauntes in that cite of Tirus, beenge off a grete multi|tude, conspirenge to gedre did slee sodenly alle theire lordes
Iosephus, libro undecimo. Alexander did write to Iadus, the bischoppe and prince of pristes in Ierusalem, that he scholde ordeyne to hym vitalles and the tributes whom he usede to ȝiffe to kynge Darius. The bischoppe denyede hit, seyenge that he hade made an othe to pay the tribute to kynge Darius, wherefore kynge Alexander manassede soore the peple of the Iewes. Petrus, capitulo centesimo nonagesimo sexto. Alexander goenge from that place toke Gaza, whom he segede by ij. monethes; after that he wente to Ierusalem, whom Iadus the bischop did mete in pontificalibus with oþer prestes, as he was monyschede in his slepe, schewenge to Alexander the prophecy of Daniel the prophete, in whom it was seide a manTrogus, libro undecimo. After that Alexander made Roodes subiecte to hym, and Egipte, alle|moste with owte eny batelle; goenge after þat to Ammon þe godde, to knowe of his originalle; for his moder Olimpias knowlegede to kynge Philippe here howsebonde Alexander not to haue bene getten by hym, but by a grete dragon. Wherefore kynge Philippe knowlegede openly in the lasteIustinus, libro sexto. Alexander hauenge victory off men of Siria, kynge Darius sende a letter to hym, or that thei mette in batelle afterwarde, in this forme folowenge: "Darius, kynge of kynges and cosyn of goddes, sende gretenge to Alexander his seruaunte. I commaunde the to goe and returne to thy fader and moder, my seruauntes, and lerne in thy moders lappe the office of a man. Where|fore y sende to the a bridelle, a balle, and a purs with siluer and golde in hit: the balle movethe the to play conueniente to thyne age; the bridelle moneschethe the to attende to dis|cipline, and the treasure in the purs to releve thy costes in this iourney. And if thow obey not this, I schalle sende to the myȝhty men, whiche schalle presente the beten like a
Trogus, libro undecimo. Darius
l of foote men and a c. ml of horse men, to whom it was schewede in his iourney, or that he mette with kynge Alexander, that his wife was dedde of delyuerynge of childe, and how that kynge Alexander hade beryede her regally acordenge to her astate, whiche thynge he did more for cause of manhode then for cause of eny luffe. Wherefore kynge Darius did write to hym the thridde tyme ȝiffenge to hym thonkynges that he schewede to his noo thynge of crudelite, offrenge with his doȝhter the moore parte
ti ml talentes for his peple whom kynge Alexander hade in captiuite. Kynge Alexander sende writenge to Darius seyenge: "the thonke of an enemye to be voyde, and not to be attendede where glosenge and adulation reignethe and is among batel|les, wherefore Alexander commandethe Darius other to be subiecte to hym other elles that he make hym redy to batelle, sithe that oon londe may not suffise egally ij. kynges of egallenes." Vincentius. When Alexander hade commen in priuely in to the felowschippe and palice of kynge Darius, nye to a water, to see his hoste, and ȝafe metenge to kynge Darius as sodenly, he seide to him: "I, a messynger of kynge Alexander, seye this to the; y accompte hym not a kynge þat is slawe to batelle." Then kynge Darius seide: "Arte not thow kynge Alexander þat spekes so boldely." Alexander seide: "Y am not he, but a messynger to hym." Darius desirede hym to soper; whiche beenge at soper, after
Trogus, libro un|decimo. The hostes ȝafe soore batelle; at the laste kynge Darius fledde, and the knyȝhtes of kynge Alexander folowede theire pray by xxxti daies folowenge. Persipolis was taken that tyme, whiche was the principalle cite of Persida, con|teynenge
Trogus, libro duodecimo. After that letters were sente from Macedony to kynge Alexander, rehersenge that Antipater, keper of that realme, hade oppressede Eacides, the kynge of the Spartanes, and also Alexander, kynge of Epirus, whiche made insurreccions ageyne the realme of Macedony, and that Antipater was oppressede hym selfe. Zephiron, a go|vernour sende with xxxti ml ageyn men of Sithia, was deuicte. Alexander herenge that, made grete sorowe by the space of thre dayes, wherefore his knyȝhtes supposede that he wolde have returnede to Macedony; but kynge Alexander movede theym to go with hym, that he myȝhte tame the prowde hertes of men of the Este. For he seide to haue made a protestacion that he wolde not see only his body and richesse, but also the costes of his realme, wherefore he sub|duede to hym anoon þe Mardonnes and the Hircannes. Then
ti dayes. The aspecte and continance of whiche women was hade in meruayle as for that inconsuete message.Trogus, libro decimo.
AFTER this kynge Alexander toke to hym þe diademe of kynges of Persia, ageyne the maner and consuetude of men
Policronicon. Alexander laborenge ofte in drunkenesse, exercisede most specially that
Trogus. After that kynge Alexander made subiecte to hym peple dwellenge at the foote of the hille of Caucasies, whiche edifiede a cite callede Alexandria, on the water of Thanays. ℞. Hit is to be attended that kynge Alexander made xij. cites in diuerse regions, namenge theyme by this name Alexandria, that is to say, at Thanays, Pontus, Sithia, at þe Messagetes, Egipte, Troada, Tigris, and at Staurum. In the walles of whom he causede to be write in Grewe in this wise: "Alexander of þe
Trogus, libro vicesimo secundo. The peple inclusede within Meotides paludes wrote to kynge Alexander in this wyse: "Thauȝhe goddes obeye and expresse the habite of thy mynde and body, neuertheles thei wille not condescende to the couetisenesse of thy mynde; for and if thei scholde, alle the worlde wolde not suffice to the. Knowes þow not trees that haue growen longe sodenlyTrogus, libro vicesimo primo. And after that kynge Alexander commaundede the seide philo|sophre to be pereschede, and to haue his membres kytte aweye,Solinus. After that kynge Alexander come to the hilles Caspy, where the childer of the captivite of x. tribus inclusede late, askede licence of kynge Alexander to go from that place, whiche vnderstondenge theyme to be so includede for theire synnes, and also hit was propheciede that thei scholde not go furthe: wherefore he made theym to be inclusede more streytely, stoppenge theire entre with hilles picchede. Neuerthelesse Alexander perceyvenge that labore not to be finischede by the power of man, preyede God of Israel to finische that laboure, and anoon the hilles mette to gedre, and so the place of theym was made inaccessible. ℞. This peple so inclusede
Valerius, libro 2o. Alexander ȝafe in a tyme a cite to a man askenge of hym a peny. The man seide that ȝifte was not conueniente to his fortune. Then kynge Alexander seide to hym: "I attende not to that thynge þow scholde seme to take, but that thynge whiche besemethe me regally to ȝiffe." Seneca. A noble man callede Antigonus answerede an other man a frende of his askenge a talente of hym, seyenge that hit was moore then a frende awe to desire. Then the man confusede as thro schame askede of hym a peny. To
WHEN that kynge Alexander hade compassede and goen abowte the este partes of the ocean, he intendede to go to the
Responsio Alexandri. "O Dindimus, if these thynges be trewe that thow seyeste, oonly Bragmannes be contenede under þe nowmbre of men whiche wonte vices and terrestrialle substaunce, supposenge and iuggenge that thynge wronge and ageyne the lawe that we do; whiche suppose benefites grauntede to vs for necessites as thynges grevous, seyenge þe ministerys of artes as wickede thynges, destroyenge at the laste the lawes off lyvynge; wherefore other thei knowlege theim selfe to be goddes other elles to haue envye to God whos beautuous and noble creature thei reproue and blame." Responsio Dindimi regis Bragmannorum. "We be not the inhabitatores of this vale fulle of misery, but aliaundes where we haue noo permanente habitacion, but we knowe vs to departe from this worlde, hyenge to oure propre
Epistola Alexandri ad Dindimium regem Bragmannorum. "O Dindimus, thou calles thy selfe blessede, for thow inhabites that place to whom þere is noo commenge, also ye commende the study and exercise off
Responsio Dindimi ad regem Alexan|drum. "Ye moue batelles exterialle to men where hit is so that ye haue not victory of your enmyes interialle. But we Bragmannes be as in quiete, in that we haue the victory of oure enemys interialle. We beholde heuyn and here the songes of birddes; we be clothede with leues, eitenge frutes, drynkenge water, and if thonkenge to God, considerenge the
Littera Alexandri regis ad Dindimum. "Alexander son of the grete god Iubiter, and lorde of the worlde, commaundethe the to comme to hym. And if thow comme he schalle ȝiffe to the grete ȝiftes, and if
Re|scriptio Dindimi ad Alexandrum. Dindimus the kynge of the Bragmannes beenge on a tre answerede by writenge in this maner folowenge: "Allemyȝhty God luffethe noon iniury, but the liȝhte of a trewe sawle, lettenge batelles, and not excitenge theym; also Alexander schalle dye, wherefore he is noo god. Those thynges be not necessary to me that he dothe promise, y haue noo nede of þeim; y go wheder or to what place y have luste. Thauȝhe Alexander kytte myne hede he may not sle my sawle. The sorowes of men oppressede with iniury begynne to be tormentes of men doynge hurte; þerfore say to youre kynge Alexander, that and if he desire eny thynge of me that he comme to me." Alexander leuenge his pride come to Dindimus. To whom Dindimus seide, "Where to dothe thow trouble oure pease? we may not ȝiffe to the that thou dose couette, and that we haue is not necessary to the. We do honoure to God, we luffe man, we
ALEXANDER after that compassenge abowte the Este ocean, in the xjthe yere of his reigne, ȝafe metenge to the bischoppe of the trees of þe sonne and of the moone, clothede with skynnes of wilde bestes. To whom the bischoppe seide that thei scholde entre and see the trees of þe sonne and off the moone if thei were clene from the synne of lecchery, theire clothes putte aweye; whiche trees hade an c. foote in altitude; whiche trees were seide to wepe in þe eclippes of the sonne. Petrus, capitulo centesimo nonagesimo septimo. Prestes eit|enge
c. yere; and alle the tree of the moone schakede when the beame of the sonne towchede hit, and ȝafe answeres to peple beenge abowte hit. Vincentius. Alexander commenge to theyme wolde haue doen sacrifice; to whom the bischoppe seide that hit was not lawe|fulle to do eny sacrifice to þeim. Wherefore Alexander fallenge downe to the rote of the tre with kyssenge, herde at the risenge of þe sonne of the tree of the sonne in the langage of Ynde, and in the eve of the tree of the moone spekenge in Grewe, þat a man scholde be lorde of the worlde, and that he scholde not comme ageyne in to the propre place of his nati|uitie. Wherefore thei cownsellede hym that he scholde not go to Babilon; for if he come to Babilon he scholde be sleyne by poyson, and not by batelle, in the yere folowenge. Also he herde that his moder scholde die miserably, and that his susters scholde reioyce longe in lyfe. Petrus, capitulo cen|tesimo nonagesimo septimo. Alexander schewede the mer|vellous
Eutropius. Lucius Papirius, a dictator of Rome, was so fortunate in batelles that he wolde haue ȝiffen batelle to kynge Alexander if that he hade entrede the cuntre of Ytaly, whiche hade victory of the Sampnites by xlti yere, and destroyede theire cites, that the cite callede
Petrus, capitulo nonagesimo septimo. Alexander subduenge to hym the este partes of the worlde, returnede towarde his cuntre; to whom the legates of the weste cuntre, as of Affrike, Ytaly, of Speyne, come to do hym reuerence, and to make theyme subiecte to hym, and tariede for hym at Babilon. Then Alexander, supposenge hym to haue the monarchye of the worlde, forgate for ioy the answere of the trees of the sonne and of the moone, and entrede in to Ba|bilon to speke with the seide messyngers. Trogus, libro duodecimo. Alexander commaundede mony gouer|noures, whom he hade lefte to gouerne the cuntre in his absence, to be hongede, for cause of theire accusacion of the comprovincialles in the presence of the seide legates, takenge the doȝhter of Darius to matrimony, and mariede the noble maides of that cuntre to men off Macedony. Wherefore Alexander levede olde men, and drawede to yonge men, receyvenge letters sende from his moder of the
Petrus, ca|pitulo centesimo nonagesimo septimo. Alexander, loosenge the vse of speche, wrote his wille; willenge not the monarchye
the expulsede, as hit is schewede in Daniel. Trogus, libro duodecimo. The frendes of Alexander seenge hym lyke to dye, inquirede of hym whom he wolde haue to succede in his realme, he ansuerede and seide, "The worthieste man." Whiche laborenge þro infirmite and passion, thenkenge debate to sprynge by that answere, and hauenge no myȝhte to speke, toke a rynge from his finger, and ȝafe hit to a yonge man, Perdica by name, in the signe of succession. Alexander diede þe xij. yere of his reigne, and in the xxiijti yere of his age; whose dethe straunge men sorowede as the dethe of theire faders. An
Trogus, libro duo|decimo. Alexander beryede, diuerse philosophres comme to his berialle, the firste of whom seide, "Alexander was wonte to make a treasure of golde, but now golde makethe a trea|sure of hym." The secunde philosophre seide, "Alle the worlde was not sufficiaunte to hym ȝisterday, and iiij. elnes of clothe be sufficiaunte to hym this day." The thridde philosophre seide, "Alexander hade ȝisterday lorde|schippe of the peple, but peple haue lordeschippe now ofthe philosophre seide, "Alexander ledde an hoste ȝisterday, and he is ledde nowe in this day of an hoste." The vthe philosophre seide, "Alexander pressede downe the erthe ȝisterday, and he is pressede
Petrus, capitulo centesimo nonagesimo septimo. Arrideus, the brother of Alexander, reignede in Macedony, in the londe off Grece, after the dethe of Alexander; Antigonus at the northe of Asia and of Pontus; and Seleucus Rucanor at the este of Siria and of Babilon; after whom Anthiocus Sother reignede, of whom other kynges succedenge were callede Anthiochi. Whiche be Anthiocus Theos, Anthiocus Galericus, Anthiocus Magnus, Anthiocus Epiphanes. Also Tholomeus, the son of Lagus, regnede at the sowthe parte in Egipte; after whom kynges folowenge were callede Ptholomei. Whiche be Philadelphius, Euergetes, Philopater or Eupator, Epiphanes, Philometor, Euergetes, Sother. Iosephus, libro duodecimo.
PTHOLOMEUS, the son of Lagus, began to reigne in Egipte after the dethe of kynge Alexander, whiche contynuede þer
ti yere, whiche was callede Saluator, other elles Sother, whiche caste to his realme Siria, and toke mony Iewes, beenge ydelle in the Sabbate day, and solde þeim. In the tyme of whom Iadus, the bischop of the Iewes, diede, whom Onias, his son, succedede; after hym Symon Iustus; and after hym Eleazarus, his brother. This Ptholomeus was so myȝhte and stronge that he restorede Pirrus, kynge of Epirotes, expulsede from his realme, to hit, and restorede to Seleucus a parte of Siria taken from hym, hauenge victory of Deme|trius, son of Antigonus. Agatocles exercisede grete cru|delite at the cite callede Siracusan, whiche hade a meruellous begynnenge, as Trogus rehersethe. Ptholomeus toke Ieru|salem by gyle and disseyte, and toke mony of the Iewes inxx. ml of fote men, and vij. ml of horse men, with xx. elephauntes, of whom the Romanes hade victory; and in the thridde conflicte Pirrus the kynge returnede to his awne cuntre, from whiche tyme the batelles punicalle began to sprynge. Eutropius. That kynge Pirrus hade victory of the Romanes in the firste con|flicte, and causede theym to go backe to a cite callede Prenestes, by xviij. myles from the cite of Rome, and occu|piede Ytaly, and sende to Rome his prisoners withowte eny redempcion, and beriede the men sleyne; whiche, percey|venge the Romanes so myȝhty in batelle, seide, that he myȝhte be lorde of the worlde if that his men were so
the parte of thempire of Rome, to con|descende and to helpe hym to gette hit; whiche messyngere wolde not condescende to hym in eny wise. The kynge seenge that he myȝhte not be corrupte with eny money, sende hym to Rome with grete ȝiftes, and desirenge pease of þeyme. Trogus, libro septimo decimo. Cyneas, the legate of Pirrus, sende with grete ȝiftes to the Romanes, cowthe not fynde oon man that wolde receyve the ȝiftes of his kynge; and also the men taken in captiuite, and sende to Rome, were hade in derision and contempte in that thei myȝte haue been taken in armes. Cyneas the messenger returnenge, seide to Pirrus, that he hade seene the londe of kynges, where alle men were like as Pirrus the kynge was amonge theyme. Then Pirrus the kynge was deuicteti ml of his men. ℞. For, as Isidorus rehersethe, the Romanes ordeynede to theyme wiȝhte yonge men, whiche sittenge behynde the horsemen, lepede downe from the horses
Valerius. When hit was so that Pirrus and Fabricius hade theire hostes nye to geder, a leche of Pirrus come to Fabricius in the nyȝhte, promysenge that he wolde betray Pirrus, his lorde, if that he wolde ȝiffe to hym a con|digne rewarde. Fabricius, the gouernoure of the Romanes, herenge that, sende hym bownde to his lorde, expressenge the treason of his seruaunte. Then Pirrus the kynge hauenge meruayle seide, "This Fabricius is as indeclinable from honeste as the sonne from his naturalle cowrse." Titus. This Pirrus, desirede gretely off the Tarentynes to schewe theyme helpe ageyne the Romanes, askede cownselle of Appollo of the victory, whiche ȝafe to hym an answere, seyenge amphibologically: "I say to the thou may ouer|comme
Gaufridus et Alfridus. Moruidus, the cruelle man, and son of Danius, geten of Tangustela his concubine, reignede abowte this tyme in Briteyne, whiche was deuourede of grete bestes and fisches, after grete exercise of his crudelite,the yere of his reigne, at a woode callede Calaterium, now callede Galtrees, nye to Yorke, [Gaufridus] founde his brother Archagallo expulsede from that realme þer, whom he hidde priuely in his chamber; whiche fenynge hym seke, movede the noble men of the realme to restore his broþer and to make hym kynge. Then Archagallo restorede and made kynge diede after that he hade reignede x. yere; and then Elidurus was electe in to theire kynge. But the oþer ij. breþer, Vigenius and Peridurus, expugnede hym and putte hym in prison at the cite of Trinouante, whiche reignenge diuerse tymes, and dyenge, Elidurus was take from prison and made kynge the thridde tyme, lyvenge in peace
ti yere, lefte thre noble childer behynde hym, Ludde, Cassibelanus, and Neninus. Petrus, capitulo ducentesimo.
PTHOLOMEUS Philadelphius, the secunde kynge of men of Egipte, began to reigne, whiche reignede by xxxtiviij. yere. Somme men reherse this Ptolomeus to haue hade victory of his awne fader, and to haue hade in his hoste cc. ml of footeti ml of horse men, ij. thowsande of charietes, and cccc. elephauntes. Petrus, capitulo ducentesimo. This Ptholo|meus sende the Iewes taken and putte into captiuite vn to Ierusalem, takenge to the lordes of theym for euery man cxx.
ti interpretatores, whiche instructe lawe and psalmes of the cognicion of oon God, and gubernacion of theire realme, and translate prophecies, kepenge silence or spekenge similitu|dinary where eny thynge of the Trinite was in theire werke, leste that hit scholde seme theyme to haue taken iij. goddes to be worschippede. Also thei putte but oon name of God in the processe of Ysay, whiche was the angelle of grete
ti daies. But Seynte Austyn, de Civitate Dei, libro octavo decimo, capitulo 42o, semethe to wille that the lxxti interpretatores were diuidede into diuerse chambres, and that thei alle accordede in oon. But Seynte Ierom semethe to vnderstonde that thei were alle in oon chambre, other elles that thei, diuidede by vj. daies, mette to gedre in the Sabbatte day, and combynede and compilede theire maters togedre. Augustinus de Civitate Dei, libro suo octavo decimo. lxxti men of diuerse tribus, departede in diuerse celles at a cite callede Alexandria in Egipte, translate diuine Scripture owte of Hebrewe in to Grewe, not discordenge in eny thynge, neiþer in valoure of wordes, neither in ordre. And thawȝe þer were men that did translate owte ofthe edicion, the auctor of whom is ignorante, ȝitte the lxxti interpretatores be preferrede afore theyme. Mony men willenge to amende the interpretacion of the lxxti interpretatores by bokes of Hebrewe, hade noo audacite to detray that the lxxti inter|pretatores hade more then men of Hebrewe, puttenge signes þer callede obeli, to betokyn superhabundaunce. And thei made signes in the maner of sterres in the places where the lxxti interpretatores hade lesse then the men of Hebrewe, as to make briȝhte thynges defectiue. Ysidorus, Eth: libro sexto. This Ptholomeus hade lxxti bookes in his bible. Petrus, capitulo quinto decimo. Hit is sufficiaunte to speke at oon
ti interpretatores were afore the incarnacion of Criste by ccc. and xlj. yere. Also Aquila did translate in the tyme of Adrian the prince, after the Ascencion a c. and xxiiij. yere. After þat Simachus, by xxxti yere, did translate in the tyme of the prynce Seuerus. After þat viij. yere the vthe translacion was founde at Ierusalem, þe auctor of whom was not knowen. After that by xviij. yere Origenes did translate, with asteriscus and obelus, in the tyme of þe prince Alexander; after þat Origenes did translate hym selfe withowte þeim. Alle these men did translate from Hebrewe in to Grewe. But mony men did translate owte of Latyn in to Grewe. Neuerthelesse Seynte Ierom did translate laste owte of Hebrewe in to Latyn, whose translacion is obseruede allemoste, excepte the translacion in his psawter. Eutropius. The Romanes haue
c. ml xcij. ml ccc. and xxxiijti men, thauȝhe batelles seasede never þer from the edifienge of the cite of Rome un to that tyme. And the Romanes were victores by v. yere continually, wherefore the Romanes transferrede the firste batelle to men of Affrike, Marchus Regulus electe to be þe gouernoure of the Romanes and a consul; whiche toke firste theire schippes,l men taken in captiuite to Rome. After that he did sle a serpente at the water callede Bragada, the skynne of whom brouȝte to Rome was of a cxx. foote. Then men of Cartago deuicte desirede peas, whiche Marchus wolde not grawnte to theyme peas, but on soore condiciones, and also grevous. Men of Affrike attracte to theym Zanȝippus kynge of Lacedemonia, and hade victory of the Romanes, in so moche that xxxti ml of theyme sleyne, Marchus Regulus was taken and putte in prison with v.c. After that men of Affrike were deuicte bothe by see and londe, that ij.c. ml of theyme sleyne, and a c. and xxxti elephauntes taken, men of Cartago sende Marcus Regulus to Rome, desirenge the permutacion of theire men in captiuite. Augustinus de Civitate Dei, libro primo. An othe made that Marchus Regulus scholde notPetrus, capitulo sexagesimo octavo. Ptholomeus ȝafe batelle ageyn Anthiocus Theos, kynge of Siria, but after that thei were confederate, for Anthiocus mariede Beronica, the doȝhter of Ptholomeus, geten by Lao|dices his firste wife refusede from hym; whiche commenge
PTHOLOMEUS EUERGETES, broþer to Philadelphius, the thridde kynge of men of Egipte, began to reigne, whiche reignede xxvjti yere. This Ptholomeus wastede Siria for the dethe of the howsebonde of Beronica, and of her childe also, and Silicia a parte of Asia, and causede Anthiocus Galericus to fle. Whiche herenge his princes to haue con|spirede his dethe in his absence, returnede into Egipte, takinge with hym mony preyes, and ij. ml and vj.c. of similacres. Galericus lefte his ij. sonnes, Seleucus and Anthiocus Magnus; but at the laste Anthiocus reignede in Siria, his brother dedde,
Eutropius, libro secundo. xlti ml men of Fraunce were sleyne of the Romanes, whiche hade com|men to the hilles Alpyne. These men of Fraunce hade made an othe that thei wolde not putte awey theire girdelles of knyȝhtehode vn til thei hade occupiede the capitoly. And so hit was; for the consul Emilius destroyede and pereschede theyme
Trogus, libro tricesimo. This Ptholomeus was namede Philopator for the magnitude of his trespas; for he lefte þe actes of cheuallery and ȝafe hym to ydelnes, lecchery, and to superfluites, wastenge nyȝhtes in lechery and synne, and the daies in festes and in superfluites. After that Erudix his wife y-sleyne, and sustyr to hym, he drawede un to womenEutropius, libro tertio. The secunde batelle Punical began, continuenge by xvij. yere, in whom the Romanes were more deuicte then victores. Hanibal, the son of Amilcarus, a childe of ix. yere in age, made a promyse to his fader, at the awters of theire goddes, þat he wolde ȝiffe batelle to þe Romanes as soone as he myȝhte. Hanibal hauenge xxti yere in age segede a cite in Speyne, Saguntum, moste luffenge to the Romanes, by viij. monethes. The Romanes sende messyngers to Hanibal that he scholde leve the segenge of that cite by reason of promysse made betwene þeyme. Hanibal despisenge theire message, the messynge to Affrikel of fote men and x. ml of horsemen, xlti elephauntes, passenge the hilles Alpyne in the tyme of ver, come to Ytaly, Cornelius Scipio beenge that tyme occupiede in batelle in Speyne. Orosius. This Hanibal passenge the hilles Pirene, made weye to hym with his swerde and with fireEutropius. Mony meruellous signes causede the Romanes to be aferde; for the sonne was seene to fiȝhte with the moone at Arpos, and ij. mones were seen at a place callede Capena, and the firmamente was seene as to haue ben diuidede at Faliscos. The Romanes herenge of the commenge of Hanibal, Scipio was desirede to comme from Speyne, whom Haniballe mette at Ticinus, and hade victory of hym; after that Hanibal hade victory of Sempronius commenge from Sicille. After that Hanibal hade victory of Flammens, consul, sleenge xv. ml of Romanes, and takenge vj. ml in cap|tiuite. Titus. Where the peple did fiȝhte soo soore, that when there was that tyme a movenge of the erthe, destroyenge cites
Eu|tropius, libro tertio. Fabius Maximus sende by the Romanes to ȝiffe batelle to Hanibal, kepenge coverte places and fyndenge avauntage, hade victory of Hanibal. After that consules of Rome were sende to ȝiffe batelle to Hanibal, whiche were Lucius Emilius Paulus and Publicus Terencius Varro, whom Fabius monyschede that Hanibal was invincible withowte that thei differrede batelle. But these consulles doenge not after the cownselle of Fabius, were deuicte at Cannas of Apulia, the wynde helpenge Hanibal and the grauel lifte vp by hit, where xlti ml of horsemen of the Romanes and v. ml men consulares and senatores other sleyne or taken. And withoute dowte the laste batelle of the Romanes hade ben finischede if that Hanibal hade goen to the cite and taken hit after that batelle.
Eutropius. Varro, the consul, returnede to the cite, whiche was commendede of þe senate that he putte not the commune vtilite in despeire, and hade not schaven his berde and heire;Orosius. And also men lefte in oþer tymes in the cite for multiplicacion; for that tyme alle the senate was but as a nouice. Eutropius. Hanibal offrede to the Romanes that thei scholde redeme the Romanes in captiuite. The senate seide those citesynnes be not necessary that be taken in to captiuite hauenge armor on theyme. Wherefore Hanibal did slee somme of theyme, and
Titus. There was that tyme suche pouerte in the cite of Rome that brasse and yrne was spoilede from temples to repaire armour, takenge also armoures sette in temples after that they hade doen grete victoryes. Also thei hade not sufficiaunte takellynge for theire schippes, neither treasure sufficiaunte for theire hoste, where|fore a crye was made by the consulles and senatores that priuate persones scholde brynge theire goodes to the place of treasure. For the whiche thynge grete diuision was movede betwene the peple and the senatores, whom the consulle re|movede in this wyse, sayenge that the senatores and also the noble men scholde precede þeim in ȝiftes, like as þei precelle the peple in dignite. Wherefore the consul ordeynede that
Orosius, libro quarto. Rome was confracte with so mony infortunes in that tyme that the senate was disposede to haue lefte Rome and to haue goen to other cuntrees. Wherefore thei askede cownselle of Appollo, whiche movede theyme to laboure for an ymage of a godesse callede Sibela or Berocincia, and by hit thei scholde be salvede. Then legates were sende to Frigia for this godesse to be found. Apollo movede theyme to desire the helpe of Attalus, kynge of the lesse Asia. Also
the yere of his commynge, whiche come to the ȝate Collyne with a certeyne nowmbre of horse men with hym. The consulles disposenge the wardes of theire batelles, and willenge to haue mette hym anoon, there was suche a tempeste of hayle that peple were gladde to fynde eny socoure. Also the peple willenge to make a felde in the secunde day, a tempeste more violente constreynede the peple to fle for refute and socoure. Eutropius. Too noble men of Rome whiche were callede by this name, Scipio, sende to Speyne, hade victory of Asdrubal, brother of Hanibal, sleenge of the host of men off Affrikel. Philippus, kynge of Macedony, promisede to Hanibal helpe ageyne the Romanes; Sardinia the yle refusede to helpe the Romanes. Wherefore the gouernoures of Rome were sende in iiij. hostes in to iiij. partes of the worlde; oon hoste to ȝiffe batelle to Philippe kynge of Macedony, an other hoste to expugne the yle Sardinia, an other to Hanibal in
the to Speyne to Haniballes brother, Asdrubal by name. The consul Leuinus, getenge the favor of Attalus kynge of Asia, hade victory of Philippe, kynge of Macedony, and toke Sicille with lx. cites, and expugnede xxvj. cites, returnenge to Rome with grete victory. Hanibal beenge within the space of iiij. myles to the cite of Rome, herenge of his commynge, returnede to Campania. The ij. Scipiones beenge longe tyme victores in Speyne, were sleyne of the broþer of Asdrubal, neuerthelesse the hoste of the Romanes was holle. Wherefore Cornelius Scipio, as the moste noble man, son of an other Scipio, havenge xxiijti yere in age, was sende to Speyne. This is the Scipio whiche seenge the senate in purpose to haue fledde in to other londes, drawede owte his swerde prohibitenge þeim to do so, and promysede to theym that he wolde defende the cuntre. This Scipio goenge to Speyne, toke Cartago, a cite in Speyne, in whom was moche treasure of golde and of siluyr, and of bellicose apparaile, whiche yoldede the childer of Speyne as put in plegge to
l men taken in captiuite. Hanibal, beenge then as in desperacion, sende to Asdrubal his broþer, beenge in Speyne, that he scholde comme to hym with alle his hoste; whom the consulles of Rome mette, fiȝhtenge nobly ageyne hym; in whiche fiȝhte Asdruballe, brother to Hanibal, wasl, v. ml taken, and xliiijti ml of citesynnes of Rome were founde; and the hedde off Asdrubal was caste afore Hanibal, which seenge hit sorowede moche, and fledde to Briccia, and Scipio Magnus was callede to Rome from the cuntre of Speyne.
PTHOLOMEUS Epiphanes, the vth kynge of men of Egipte, and son of Eupator, reignede xxiiij. yere. This Ptholomeus begynnenge to reigne the vthe yere of his age, legates of Alexandrye preyede the Romanes thei wolde be tutores of þat childe, and defende the realme of Egipte; whiche kinge Philippe, gouernoure of Macedony, and Anthiocus, kynge of Siria, hade intendede to haue diuidede hit betwene þeim. This message was accepte of the Romanes, whiche sende legates to those kynges that thei scholde not entre in to Egipte. Eutro|pius, libro tertio. After that Anthiocus Magnus mariede the doȝhter of Ptholomeus, grawntenge to her in the name of her dowery Siria, Iudea, and Phenicia. ℞. Wherefore the Iewes peiede tributes to bothe the kynges, Onias the bischoppe of
Iosephus, libro duodecimo, capitulo quarto. This Iosephus willenge to prove the discrecion of Hircanus his son þe yonger, hauenge xij. yere in age, whom he gate by the doȝhter of his brother, toke to hym iij.e. yocke of oxen to ere and sawe in wildernes by the iourney of ij. daies from his howse, whiche hidde awey the thynges with whom the oxen scholde be bownde and drawe; whiche com|mengel talentes. Then Arion seide that he wolde delyuer to hym but x. talentes, wherefore this childe Hircanus caste hym in prison. The wife of Arion compleynede to the kynge of that
l talentes, whiche bouȝhte anoon a c. childer litterate, and a c. virgynes, of men sellenge childer, payenge for eiche of theym a talente. The day commenge of the kynges feste, this childe Hircanus was sette in the loweste place of worschippe, in that he was but yonge in age, afore whom mony bones were sette as in derision. And anoon a disporter seide afore the kynge: "Othe yere of his commynge in to hit, trowblenge the peace that
ti schippes, and that thei scholde ȝiffe to the Romanes lti ml
li of siluyr, and that thei scholde sende to þeim alle the Romanes taken in captiuite. This Hanibal sende thre spies whiche scholde beholde the hoste of the Romanes, whom Scipio toke, refreschenge theym with meytes and drynkes, sende theyme to Hanibal. Then a grete and soore batelle was made betwene ij. myȝhty men, Hanibal and Scipio; but this Scipio hade the victory, Hanibal allemoste taken. Peas was grauntede to men of Cartago, and Scipio returnede to Rome, callede from that tyme Affricanus, and so the secunde batelle Punicalle was finischede. Plauctus diede at Rome abowte this
Eutropius, libro quarto. Anthiocus seenge that Hanibal spake ofte with þe messyngers of Rome, hade hym suspecte, and despisede hys cownesaile; and thauȝhe he callede Hanibal to him, hit was raþer that Hanibal scholde not perceyve hym as despisede then for to fullefille eny thynge after his cownselle. Hanibal ȝafe cownselle to hym that he scholde ȝiffe batelle to the Romanes,Eutropius, libro quarto. Philippus, kynge of Macedony, hade his son restorede to hym, in that he schewede helpe to the Romanes ageyne that Anthiocus. Scipio Nasia, son of the doȝhter of grete Scipio, hade victory ageyne Anthi|ocus, bothe in batelle on the see and on þe londe. Then Anthiocus toke to the Romanes his yonger son, Anthiocus Epiphanes, for Seleucus his elder son, promisenge peas per|petualle
Trogus, libro tricesimo tertio. Prusias kynge of Bithinia deuicte by Eumenes, brother of Attalus, kynge of Asia, Hanibal movede hym to ȝiffe a newe batelle, whiche gedrenge diuerse kyndes of serpentes, and puttenge theym in veselles of cleye, and caste theyme into the schippes of theire enmyes, where þro thei aferde fledde. The mes|sangers of the Romanes herenge that, sette those too princes in concorde and vnite, and desirede to haue Hanibal delyuerede vn to þeym. This Hanibal likkenge venom of a rynge that he hade, diede at Nichomedia; of whom hit is rehersede that he wente not to bedde with owte batelle, and that he loste neuer chastite amonge maides taken in captiuite of meruellous pulcritude; and that he was neuer betrayede, neither with his
Polichronicon, libro sexto. Hit is redde that Anthiocus schewede vn to Hanibal an hoste armede in golde and siluyr, inquirenge of Hanibal wheþer that rychesse was sufficiaunte to the Romanes. Hanibal answerede and seide: "Y suppose that richesse were sufficiaunte, thauȝhe thei be moste covetous." Polichronicon, capitulo octavo. Hanibal hauenge victory of the Romanes, constreynede þe Romanes taken in captiuite to fiȝhte with wilde bestes, promisenge to oon his lyfe if that he hade victory of an elephaunte. The Roman hauenge victory of that beste, Hanibal sende diuerse knyȝhtes to slee hym. Polichronicon, libro primo. Hanibal seide that man was not worthy lyfe that myȝhte be constreynede to fiȝhte with
Eutropius, libro quarto. Scipio Affri|canusNoble Scipio diede in exile.Valerius, libro quarto. This Scipio accusede by the cenate of money, answerede in this wise: "When y hade made Affrike subiecte to the domi|nacion of the Romanes, y toke noo thynge but the name. Also neither the richesse of Affrike made me covetous, neither the richesse of Asia Scipio my broþer, sithe either of vs was more riche of envye then of moneye." Salustius. This Scipio perceyvenge and seenge the bucler of a man ryally onornede, seide, "Y meruayle not þerof, for he hathe more truste in hit þen in his swerde." Valerius. Emilia, the wife of Scipio, was of so grete goodenes and patience, knowenge oon of her
Policronicon. Scipio dienge at a cite callede Palus|tris, ordeynede suche an epitaphy to hym: "O cuntre unkynde, thow schal not receyve my boones." Augustinus de Civitate Dei, libro primo. Scipio Nasica did prohibite a place to be edifiede callede Theatrum in the cite of Rome afore the begynnenge of the thridde batelle Punicalle, seyenge that hit was noyenge to peple bellicose to norische slawthe, causenge the Romanes to selle alle the noble apparayle ordeynede for hit, commaundenge that the peple scholde beholde suche disportes stondenge, and not sittenge, to the conseruacion of manhode, whiche wasc. xlviij. yere. ℞.
Augustinus de Civitate Dei, libro primo, capitulo tricesimo primo. This disporte and institucion off disportes scenicalle began þro þe instincte and suggestion of the deuelle, that man scholde be movede to like thynges as thei herde in those dis|portes goddes to haue doen. Augustinus, libro quarto, capitulo vicesimo quinto. In processe of tyme a chorle, Titus Latinus by name, dremede in his slepe that he scholde say to the senate þat thei scholde ordeyne pleyes seenicalle, whiche chorle differ|renge hit in ij. tymes loste his son. And also the same man hade grete infirmite in that he expressede not that thynge to
Petrus, capitulo centesimo quarto. Seleucus, other Sother, son of grete Anthiocus, began
PTHOLOMEUS Philometor reignede in Egipte xxxv. yere. Petrus, capitulo ducentesimo quinto. In whiche tyme Symon
Iosephus, libro secundo. Ihesus, the son of Syrac, made that boke Ecclesiasticus abowte þis tyme, whom he namede Pane|rethon. In the thridde yere of this Philometor, Aristobolus, a Iewe, wrote to Ptholomeus the commentaryes of the explana|ciones in to Moyses. Eutropius, libro quarto. Philippe kynge of Macedony dedde, Perseus his son began to rebelle ageyne þe Romanes; whom Emilius consul ouercome, sleenge of the Grekes xxxti in a soore batelle. Whiche Emilius sette in a
Trogus, libro vicesimo secundo. Memmius Cato unsadelledeor unhorsed is written in red in the margin.ti kynges by viij.e. yere and xxxiiijti. Isidorus, libro 6o.
ti ml volumes in his bibelle. After that Origenes precellede alle oþer men afore hym, off the volumes of whom Seynte Ierom rehersethe hym selfe to haue redde vj. ml. But the grete and noble clerke Seynte Austyn precellede alle other, the werkes of whom may be redde vnnethe of oone man. Anthiocus Epiphanes reignede in Siria and Asia xj. yere. This Anthiocus, beenge as plegge for his fader to the Romanes, herenge of the slawthe and cowardenesse of his broþer, departede secretely from Rome, thauȝhe mony men say that he hade licence of the senate. This Anthiocus schewede hym in the begynnenge as meke and ientylle, wherefore he was callede Epiphanes, as noble other superapparente, whiche reignede after the dethe off Seleucus his brother. This
Trogus, libro 34to. The legates of the Romanes, sende for theti yere, vn to the tymes of Vespasian, whiche destroyede that temple and cite. Onias þe bischop departenge from Ierusalem un to Egipte, Ihesus and Iohannes, his breþer, made grete debate and stryfe for the bischopryke afore Anthiocus, whiche willenge to please hym declynede to the ryte of gentiles, in so moche that thei toke to þeym the names of Gentiles. Wherefore Ihesus was callede Iason, and Iohannes Menelaus; after the exemple of whom mony men of Israel inducede the rytes of the gentiles makenge in Ierusalem
Petrus, 207. The fire of sacrifice, whicheti yere, was extincte after thatThe fire of sacrifice was ex|tincte.l. citesynnes, constreynenge the inhabitatores of hit to ydolatry, sleenge men that wolde not, offrenge flesche of swyne, takenge a weye veselles, pottes, with lawnternes and veyles, and putte an ymage of Iupiter in the temple, prohi|bitenge the sacrifices after the lawe of Moyses. The vij.
Petrus, 207. Mathathias tauȝhte the Iewes to fiȝhte on þe Sabbatte day leste the lawe scholde peresche with the peple; whiche dienge after that he hade gouernede theym oon yere, ordeynede Symon his son as fader to cownselle, but Iudas as gouernoure in batelle. Ennius the poete diede thro an infirmite articuler, and was beryede in the towmbe of Scipio. Iudas Machabeus kepede the lawes of his fader by the space of iij. yere, and hurte soore Appollonius, the duke other gouernoure of Samaria, with the swerde of whom Iudas did fiȝhte afterwarde. Anthiochus goen in to Persida for his tributes not paiede, Iudas hade victory of the gouernoures of
Petrus, 211o capitulo. Antiocus causede to flee by men of Persida, herenge his princes to be deuicte in the Iewery, manassede the Iewes; and a disease of his partes interialle toke hym anoon, þat he felle from his chariette and was hurte soore. From whom a grete stynche and as intoller|ablel foote men, of xxti ml horse men, and of xxxijti elephauntes, to whom thei schewede the juse of grapes to make theym scharpe in batelle.
DEMETRIUS Sother, son of Seleucus, gone from the cite of Rome, occupiede cites of the coste of þe see, and began to reigne in Asia and Siria xij. yere. This Demetrius wente to the cite of Rome in his childehode to accuse Anthiocus Epiphanes, his uncle, whiche expulsede hym from his realme. Wherefore the childe herenge of the dethe of his uncle re|turnede to that cuntre, where the noble men of the cuntre
Petrus, 219o. Ionathas accusede to Demetrius that he expugned the towre of Syon, sende ȝiftes to Demetrius, and obteynede grace, in so moche þat he re|ceyvede a renewede principate. This Demetrius assurede that the cuntrees were quiete and obediente to hym, lefte the multitude of the peple, takenge to hym but a poore hoste. The peple hauenge indignacion, Ionathas sende iij. ml men to
Eutropius, libro quarto. The thridde batellec. yere from the
Augustinus, libro primo, capitulo 29. The thridde batelle Punicalle finischede, Marcus Cato cownsailede that cite to be destroyede utterly; Scipio seide nay, seyenge that the cite destroyede utterly mony inconuenientes; and so þer did; for grete treasones, destruccion of citesynnes, robbenge and prescriptiones folowede, in so moche þat the Romanes, levenge the honeste consuetude of theire maneres,
PTHOLOMEUS Euergetes reignede in Egipte xxix. yere. The iunior Scipio, made too tymes consul, hade victory of the Numentanes in Speyne in a soore conflicte and batelle, whom the Romanes supposede to haue escapede raþer then to haue hade the victory of theyme. Then Scipio inquirede of a knyȝhte, Tiresus, citesynne of that cite taken, why that cite myȝhte not be geten afore, and why hit was geten by hym. The knyȝhte answerede and seide: "Concorde of the cite|synnes causede victory, and discorde destruccion." Petrus, capitulo 221o. Triphon intendenge to reigne thouȝhte to sle the yonge kynge Anthiocus, but he dredde Ionathas as the
l talentes.
Petrus, 225. Ptholomeus, a gouernoure of Iherico, and son in lawe to Symon, callenge hym to a feste, did sle hym with his ij. sonnes. But an oþer son of the seide Symon, callede Hircanus in that he hade victory of the Hircannes, herenge this, occupiede Ierusalem, and folowede Ptholomeus. Neuerthelesse the seide son of Symon returnede from the sege, for cause that Ptholomeus hade sette his moder on the walles of the cite made redde with bloode, with ij. childer. Anthiochus Ponticus, kynge of Siria, besegede Ierusalem, wherefore Iohn Hircan open ij. of
l talentes, ȝafe to Anthiocus iij.c. þat he scholde breke the sege, makenge with oþer talentes ȝiftes to the peple, that he myȝhte constreyn the murmur of þe peple in that wise. The seide Iohn bischoppe of Ierusalem hade victory of the Hircannes, and was con|federate to the Romanes. Orosius, libro quinto. A grete multitude of flees were in this tyme in Affrike, in so moche that thei destroyede corne, herbes, leves of trees, and frutes, whiche were drownede at laste in the see of Affrike. Whiche cariede to the brynke of the see did cause so pestilente a corrupcion that briddes and wylde bestes as innumerable diede þerby. Also lxxx. thowsande of the Romanes diede at Nu|midia,c. ml, at the cite callede Utica xxxti ml of the Romanes lefte to kepe the cuntre. Cartago was edifiede ageyne by the commaundemente of the senate in the xxijti yere
Orosius, libro 5to, et Augustinus, libro 3o. The mownte callede Ethna in Sicille brente more then hit was wonte, in so moche þat hit brente the cite Catinense, and also the burdes of schippes nye to hit, and destroyede mony men thro the pestilente savoure of hit. Wherefore the senate of Rome releschede peple of the cite Catinense of theire tribute by ten yere folowenge.
PTHOLOMEUS other Sother, son of Cleopatra, reignede at Egipte xvij. yere. Marchus Tullius Cithero, þe philosophre of
Valerius. The adolescency of whom was occupiede in kepenge bestes. After that he gouernede thempyr of Rome. Hit was meruayle of hym that he was the despiser of connynge men, sithe that he was a pregnante and plentuous welle of connynge, instructe in alle langages of sapience. Orosius. This Cithero polischede and onornede alle rethorikke; whiche inquirede of a man how that he come to the noble eloquency and connynge that he hade, answerede in this wise, seyenge that the connynge of eloquency is the grete ȝifte of God, and that a man of grete intellecte myȝte speke welle. This Cithero did write so sub|tily alle the batelle of Troy that hit semede as inclusede with|ynne the schelle of a nutte. Policronicon, libro quinto, capitulo sexto. Cithero beenge in the palice wyllenge to bye an howse, and wontenge money, borowede a certeyne summe of a manTitus. In the vj.c. yere after the edifienge of
c. knyȝhtes were sleyne on that oon parte, and vj.c. on that other parte, and so nyȝhte causede theyme to departe from the firste batelle. In the morowe folowenge a knyȝhte of Pompeius perceyvenge hym to haue sleyne his awne brother, did sle hym selfe, and felle downe on the body of his broþer for sorowe. Petrus, capitulo tertio. Iohn Hircan dyede after that he hade gouernede the Iewery xxxiij. yere, levenge after hym his wife, a woman of grete discrecion, with v. childer. Aristobolus, his eldeste son, hauenge grete appetitePetrus, capitulo quinto. This Aristobolus dedde, his wife toke his ij. brether owte of prison, and made Alexander, the elder brother, kynge of Iuda,ti ml of seniours for cause thei reprovede hym of his wickede lyvenge; whiche inquirenge how he myȝhte please the Iewes, hit was answerede, if that he diede: he hongede also iiijxx wedede men with theire wyfes and childre. Þe seide Alexander diede after the þe xxvij. yere of his reigne, after Iosephus, levenge after him ij. sonnes, Hircanus and Aristobolus, whiche knowenge theym to exercise grete crudelite, made Alexandria his wife gouernoure, whiche
c. ml of men callede Cumbres commenge ageyne the Romanes, and toke lxxx. ml. Also þer felle of theyme with a man callede Catulus a cxlti ml. Ptho|lomeus other Alexander reignede in Egipte x. yere, for Ptho|lomeus Sother was expulsede by his moder Cleopatra vnto Ciprus. Lucrecias the poete was borne this tyme, whiche was distracte afterwarde þro a drynke of luffe, whiche wrote diuerse bookes whom Cithero did correcte, and after that did sle hym selfe in the xliiij. yere of his age. Eutropius, libro quinto. The realme of Siria failede, and was obediente to the Romanes. A batelle was mouede in the londe of Ytaly ageyne
PTHOLOMEUS SOTHER, expulsede by Cleopatra his moder, whiche was sleyne by Ptholomeus Alexander, recurede the realme of Egipte, in whom he reignede viij yere. For the cite|synnes expulsede Tholomeus Alexander for the sleenge of his moder. Salustius, the writer of storyes, was borne this tyme.Orosius, libro quinto. Men were seen as fiȝhtenge in mony daies by continuacion in a pleyne grounde in Campania, where the strokes were herde, and after that the stappes of men apperede þer and of horses. And a batelle ciuile folowede soone after, whiche was movede by ij. breþer german for the lawe of feldes, in whom it was rehersede that þe senate scholde not intromitte of the feldes of eny man dyenge whom he hade afore in his lyfe, but the grownde scholde be taken to the
the tyme, offrede hym selfe to take that batelle ageyne Mitridates. Silla, the consulle, hauenge knowlege þeroff, returnede to the cite of Rome with iiij. legiones, which entrenge in to hit did slee the messynger
Titus. This Marius delyverede thro the helpe of the godesse Marica, to whom he hade made promyse of honor to be doen to here, takenge with hym Cynna his felowe grevonde the Romanes in mony wise, and occupiede the consulate the vijthe tyme, wherein he contynuede but xiij. dayes, that is to say, from the kalendes of Ianuary, when the consulles were wonte to receyve theire power and noble thynges, vn to the idus of Ianuary. This Marius wente to Affrike after his delyueraunce, whiche gedrenge a grete hoste wente to Rome, and dividede the hoste in to iiij. partes, of whom he hade oon parte, Carbo an other, Sextorius an other, Synna the iiijthe. Sertorius ȝafe soore batelle to Pompeius; Marius, and Synna entrenge the cite, did sle mony of the senatores and consulles. Augustinus de Civitate, libro tertio, capitulo 24o. This Marius causede Octavus the consul to be
Titus. The cruellenesse of Marius was soe grete that mony men hade leuer to sle theym selfe then to putte theyme in his mercy. Wherefore Catullus the consul drunke poyson, and Merula the byschop Iouialle bledde to dethe þro the kyttenge of a veyne. This Marius ȝafe a commaundemente that his men scholde not spare eny man thawȝhe the man askede mercy of men, withowte that he did holde up his riȝhte honde in signe of mercy. Wherefore theEutropius. Silla the consul hade devicte Archelaus,
l men sleyn, that Archelaus lay bare in a marras by the space of iij. dayes. Mitridates vnderstondenge that askede peas. Silla made grawnte to hym þerof, in that he myȝhte be moore sure ageyne his enmyes knowenge noo treason to be behynde hym as by Mitridates. This Silla commenge to Rome did slee as peple innumerable, in so moche that Quintus Catulus seide un to Silla the consul: "What men schalle we haue hereafter to fiȝhte with vs if we slee so mony men?" Augustinus, libro tertio, capitulo 24o. In whiche conflicte a wey of malice was made open, in that Silla the consul ȝafe to his men licence to sle whom thei wolde for betwene Marius and Silla peple as innumerable were sleyne. Eutropius. This batelle civile
l of the Romanes, excepte senatores, consulles, and mony men of other grete offices. ℞. Wherefore hit is to be attended that þer were vj. civile batelles amonge the Romanes. The firste was of Marius ageyne the cite. The secunde was of Silla ageyne Marius and his supporters. The thridde was of Stertorius ageyne Pompeius. The iiijthe was of Catilena ageyne the cite. The vthe was of Lepidus ageyne Catulus. The vjthe was betwene Iulius and Pompeius. Eutropius. Cilla departenge from Rome after that batelle, hade a victory glorious of Mitridates. Trogus, libro 17o. Mitridates, the son of Mitridates and kynge of Pontus, rebellede ageyne the Romanes by xlvj. yere, whiche was more myȝty after that he semede to haue loste the victory. This Mitridates delyverede from the power of his moder, whiche hade sleyne v. childer of
Giraldus. This Mitridates ap|perede ever moore myȝhte and victoryous after that þe noble consulles of the Romanes, Silla and Pompeius, hade victory of hym, for he occupiede Babilonia and Asia, and hade reste with men of Scicia, subduenge to hym Capadocia, Midarmenia, and encreasede hys realme vn to Ynde. Whiche commenge to Ephesus causede alle the Romanes beenge lefte in that cuntre to kepe hit to be sleyne in oon day. Also Archelaus, a prince lungenge to hym, haue
PTHOLOMEUS Dionisius reignede in Egipte xxxti yere. In the tyme of whom Plauctus Latinus, maister to grete Pompeius, was at Rome, a noble man of fame, and Silla the consul diede at Rome after the victory of Mitridates. Nicholnedes, kynge of Bithinia, diede, levenge the peple of Rome his heire; after þe dethe of whom Mitridates brekenge peace, entrede in to Asia and in to Bithinia, ageyne whom ij. consulles of Rome were sende, oon of whom Mitridates ouercome; but the oþer consul causenge hym to fle, did sle a c. ml of the hoste of Mitri|dates. A newe batelle was movede to Ytaly of lxxiiij. ml men, whiche vsenge to brenne, to robbe, and to do adultery, hade victory oftetymes of the Romanes; but they were deuicte after that in Apulea by Marchus the proconsul of Rome. Alex|andra
Eutropius, libro sexto. Virgi|lius Maro, the poete laureate, was borne nye to Mantua. Shippe|men kepede the see ageyne þe Romanes, whom Pompeius destroyede. This Pompeius ȝafe batelle after that to Mitridates, and Tigranis kynge of Armenia in that he norischede Mitridates fledde ageyne the Romanes. Wherefore Pompeius hauenge the victory of Mitridates, did slee xlti ml of his hoste in a batelle in the nyȝhte, and toke Tigranis in to dedication, takenge from hym Armenia and Asia, causenge hym to pay a tribute of vj. ml talentes of siluer, in that he movede batelle
ti yere of his age, and the lx. yere of his reigne. After that Pompeius made subiecte to hym the Albanes, Hiberia, and hade victory ageyne men of Siria, and also of men of Araby. Marianus, libro 1o. Oracius Flaccus, the poete sati|ricus and liricus, was borne this tyme at a cite of Ytaly
Petrus. Alexandra dedde, whiche seide Hircanus here firste son to be bothe bischoppe and kynge, Hircanus and Aristobolus stryvenge for the gouernayle, movede the Romanes to entre in to the Iewery. Wherefore Pompeius commenge to Ierusalem gate hit unnethe by the space of iij. monethes, xiij. ml of the Iewes sleyne, makenge the walles of the cite egalle with the erthe, and ȝafe the bischopryke to Hircanus, and brouȝte Aristobolus bownde with his ij. sonnes vn to Rome, and made Staurus presidente in Siria. And sithe that this Pompeius was most fortunate in batelle, he hade neuer victory after that tyme, for cause he sette his horses
ti ml of the Ger|maynes that hade commen passede the flode callede Rhenus, to subduew Fraunce to theyme. Whiche makenge a brigge over the floode Rhenus, made tame the men of Sweuia, after that alle Fraunce and Britones, also makenge theym tributaries to hym whiche fauȝhte but thryes ylle amonge alle these batelles and victoryes. Iulius Cesar comme to subiecte Briteyne to hym, after Bede, in the lx. yere afore the incarna|cion of Criste, takenge with him a c. and xxxti grete schippes
ti schippes; whiche was ouercomen by the Briteynes in the firste batelle, and Labienus the tribune was sleyne. And so Iulius putte the Briteynes to fliȝhte the secunde batelle by soore fiȝhte, and with grete difficulte, for the Britones hade stopped the mowthe of Thamys with trees, where that Iulius londed. The Romanes perceyvenge þat, and avoidenge perelle, toke the cite of Tri|nonaunte by consente of Androgius, where thei occupiede also a ryche and plentuous towne off Cassibelanus, sette in a fenny cuntre. After that Iulius returnede from Briteyne vn to Fraunce, Lud the kynge of Briteyne dedde, whiche namede and callede the cite off Trinouante Caerlud, and made a ȝate
l talentes from the temple of Ierusalem, from whom Pompeius abstenede, that he myȝte supporte his hoste. Wherefore he was taken and overcommen by men of Parthia, in the throte of whom men of Parthia caste golde y-meltede with suche an
CLEOPATRA, the doȝhter of Ptholomeus Dionisius, reignede in Egipte xxij. yere, that is to say, ij. yere afore Iulius Cesar, and v. yere vnder Iulius Cesar, and xv. yere vnder Octaui|anus Augustus. A ciuile batelle began to sprynge betwene Iulius and Pompeius, his fader in lawe. Giraldus. For Iulius askede condigne honores after the x. yere y-paste in whom he hade soore and grevous labores. But Pompeius, Cato and Marcellus seide contrary þerto, commaundenge hym that he scholde comme to the cite withowte eny hoste. Eutro|pius, libro 6o. Pompeius Magnus was sente to the legiones
Suetonius. Sythe there were mony dignites of Rome, of whom somme durede by oon yere, somme by the space of ij. yere; neuerthelesse the dignite of dicta|tours was moste excellente, endurenge by the space of v. yere. Firste oon dictator was made, and after that thre, for this con|sideration, that and if þer were dissencion betwene tweyne of theyme, the thridde scholde remove hit. Hit happede thatEutropius, libro 6o. This Pompeius dredenge hym, fledde with the senate and consulles vn to the londe of Grece, where he instorede a batelle ageyne Iulius. But Iulius entrenge in to the cite of Rome as voide, brake up the place of þeire treasure. Orosius, libro 6o. Whiche brouȝhte owte from hit iiij. ml c. et xxxti
ti ml
li of siluyr, and distribute hit to his knyȝhtes. Eutropius. This Iulius occupiede that tyme allemoste alle the dignites of Rome. After that he wente to Speyne, where he hade victory of thre gouernoures and dukes of Pompeius with theire hoste. After þat Iulius wente to the londe of Grece, and ȝafe batelle to Pompeius. But Iulius was ouercommen in the firste batelle, and fledde, and Pompeius wolde not folowe for cause that hit was nyȝhte. Wherefore Iulius seide that Pompeius cowthe not haue victory, in that he folowede hym not, seyenge that Pompeius myȝhte haue hade victory oonly in that tyme. After þat thei fauȝhte at Thessalia, where the wowarde longenge to Pompeius hade xlti ml of footec. horse men in the lifte parte, and v.c. horse men in the ryȝhte honde, and alle the helpe of the este, with the senatours, pretors, and consulles. Iulius hade in his hoste abowte the nowmbre of xxxti ml foote men and ml horse men. This batelle begunne, the hoste of Pompeius fledde, and Pompeius
Hugo, capitulo Ianus. In whiche tyme Iulius correcte the kalendary and founde the reason of bisexte. ℞. The Romanes began the yere from Marche, like as men of Hebrewe did vn to the tyme of Numa Pompilius; and þauȝhe that Numa Pompilius did adde to the yere confuse Ianuare and February, neuerthe|lesse the yere remaynede as incorrecte vn to the tymes of Iulius Cesar. In the worschippe of whom the vthe monetheEutropius. Then Iulius
Eutropius. Iulius Cesar returnenge to Rome after a yere i-paste, made hym selfe consul in the iiijthe tyme; after that he wente to Speyne, where the sonnes of Pompeius hade instorede a grete batelle ageyne hym. In the laste batelle of whom Iulius was so wery and deuicte, his men fleenge from hym, that he was in purpose to haue sleyne hym selfe, leste that so noble a werreour after so huge and grete glory geten scholde falle in to þe hondes of childer. At the laste this Iulius gedrenge his hoste togedre and ȝiffenge batelle to theyme hade the victory. Whiche returnenge to the cite of Rome, causede hym to be namede andIsidorus, libro nono. This Iulius was called an emperour
Eutropius. This Iulius Cesar ȝiffenge the dignites of Rome after his pleasure, vsede to be ȝiffen of the peple, and not risenge to the senate commenge vn to hym, and vsenge other cruelle actes; wherefore lx. senatores conspirede and intendede his dethe, specially ij. men of this name Brutus, with oþer ij.c. noble men of Rome; whiche commenge to the Capitoly in the day of the eleccion of the senate, was woundede in xxiijti places, where thro he diede.
IULIUS CESAR goenge to the Capitoly receyvede letters ex|pressenge his dethe, the brynger of the letters seyenge that he scholde dye if that he entrede the cownselle howse. To whom Iulius seide: "Y schalle speke with an astronomyer, and then y schalle rede the letters after that y comme from the Capitoly." This astronomyer brouȝhte to the presence of Iulius themperour, whiche hade schewede to hym that he scholde suffre dethe in the kalendes of the monethe of Ianuary, Iulius seide "The kalendes of Ianuar be þis day, and ȝitte y lyffe." To whom the astronomyer seide: "The kalendes be now, but thei be not passede: y wolde that y scholde be pro|vede a lyer." Iulius departenge from hym in to the Capitoly was sleyne anoon with the senatours in the kalendes ofc. and xcij. ml, excepte men that were sleyne in ciuile batelles, þe nowmbre of whom he wolde not attende; whiche fauȝhte lti tymes in sore batelles. And ȝitte for alle these labours he ȝafe hym selfe to grete writenge; whiche wolde rede and endite epistoles at oon tyme; and so
Polichronicon, libro tertio. Iulius Cesar
Valerius. Actius the poete
Apuleius. The coniuracion of Catilene was schewed and expressede to the senate and condempnede; where the nobilite of blode neiþer the nobilite of the man pletenge
Salustius. Marcus Cato and Iulius Cesar were ij. noble men, the bloode, age, and eloquence of whom were allemoste egalle, and like of audacite; but thei were diuersificate in glory, for Cato was grete in vertuous lyfe, and Iulius in magnificence and mansuetude, exercisenge cruellenesse or cruelte, and Cato liberalite, thro whom he hade glory. Iulius Cesar was com|mendede in ȝiffenge, and Marcus Cato was commended ȝiffenge noo thynge, in that he was the luffer off vertu, of trawthe, of ryȝhteuousenesse, causenge iuste sentence and iuggemente to procede ageyne wickede men and oppressores of the poore peple, whiche desirenge litel glory hade moche. Gaufriduset Alfridus. Cassibelanus dedde at Briteyn, and beriede at Yorke, Tenuantius, son of kynge Lud and duke of Cornewaile, was made kynge, for Androgius, his elder broþer, wente to Rome with Iulius Cesar.
IULIUS Cesar sleyne, Octauianus, a Roman of kynde geten by Octauius, a senator of Rome, commenge by his moder from the stocke of Eneas, whom Iulius assignede to be heire to hym in his testamente, whiche hauenge xviij. yere in age, was sende to pursewe Marcus Antonius, iuggede by the senate commune enemye to theyme, in that he movede batelle ageyne theyme, for cause thei hade putte Iulius Cesar to dethe. After that, this Marcus Antonius fleenge to Lepidus, a noble man in the hoste of Octauian, was accordede with
ti yere of his age, did sle mony of the senate and of the consulles for the dethe of Iulius, where he reignede afterwarde lvj. yere vj. monethes and certeyne daies, that was from the monethe of Marche vn to the kalendes of October. Whiche reignede xij. yere with Antonius and xliiij. yere alloone; and so he redacte the worlde in to oon monarchye; and like as the princi|palle gouernoure of Rome was callede Cesar from Iulius Cesar, so emperoures folowenge were callede Augusti of this Octauianus Augustus. Hugo, capitulo Augeo. This Octauianus was not callede Augustus oonly of encreasenge of thempyre, but for
Eutropius, libro 7o. This Augustus condempnede the senate in the firste yere of his reigne, in vengenge the dethe of Iulius, and chasede from the cite Brutus and Crassius, takenge Cithero to Antonius in the lxij. yere of his age callede as to acorde. Augustinus de Civitate Dei, libro 8o,capitulo tertio. This Tullius norischede Octauian beenge tender of age, trustenge and supposenge the seide Octauian to comme to honor ageyne Marcus Antonius and the malice of hym. But Octauian suffrede Marcus Antonius to sle Tullius as by a conuencion of concorde. And when this Antonius kytte aweye the tunge of Tullius, in that Tullius hade writen mony thynges ageyne hym, Tullius seide in this maner: "Antonius, þow dose nouȝhte, for the writenge remaynethe."
Eutropius. Octauian takenge with hym Antonius, and goenge to Macedony, did sle Brutus and Cassius þe sleers of Iulius Cesar with a grete multitude of peple, and then thei diuidede thempyre betwene theyme, so that Octauian scholde haue Speyne, Ytaly, and Fraunce, and Antonius scholde reioyce the cuntre of þe este. Valerius,libro 4to. Porcia, the doȝhter of grete Cato, knowenge the dethe of here howsebonde, and hauenge noe knyfe nye to her, receyvede hot brennenge cooles of fire into her mowthe. Ouidius Naso, the poette, was borne this tyme after the sentence of diuerse men. Salustius the writer of stories diede abowte this tyme at Rome. This Salustius was contrarious alleweyes to Cithero, whiche toke Terentia to hys wife refusede of Cithero, wherefore Cithero made mony menciones and writenges ageynes hym. Isidorus, Ethimologia, libro primo. This Salustius, maister of disportes, founde firste
Petrus, 17o. The principate of þe Iewes faylenge, Herodes Ascolonita, son of Antipater Idumeus, reignede amonge the Iewes xxxvj. yere. Hircanus the son of Aristobolus, and Antipater fader of Herode aforeseide, were frendes, and hade grace schewede to þeim in the tyme of Iulius, as thei hade of Pompeius. Hir|canus was made by Iulius gouernour of Ierusalem, so that he scholde not be calledde kynge. Antipater accusede of in|fidelite afore Iulius, schewede hym the woundes whom he hade suffrede for hym at Egipte, wherefore he was made the proctor of the Iewery. After that he made Herodes Asco|lonita, þe secunde son to hym, namede Ascolonita for the repara|cionthe parte of a realm, from proctors. Petrus, capitulo vicesimo 4to. At the laste, this Herode folowenge Antonius to Rome was made kynge of the Iewery, thro his helpe, and crownede in the Capitoly afore Augustus. After that this Herode was sende ageyn to the Iewery with ij. noble men of Rome, whiche scholde putte hym in to that realme by the auctorite ȝiffen to theyme. But a prince callede Antigonus, whiche occupiede the realme of þe Iewery thro helpe of men of Parthia, corrupte oon of the Romanes, in so moche that Herode myȝhte not reigne vn to the iiijthe yere foloenge. But Herode thro the helpe of Antonius, beenge that tyme at Athenes, segenge the cite of Ierusalem v. monethes, and takenge hit, was made kynge the iiijthe yere of his corona|cion. Petrus, capitulo 21o. This Herode hade ix. wifes,
ANTONIUS puttenge from hym his wife and suster to the emperour, mariede Cleopatra the qwene of Egipte, to whom he ȝafe Araby. Whiche hauenge grete affeccion to reigne at the cite of Rome, movede here howsebonde to ȝiffe batelle to Octouian. This Antony, mouenge a ciuile batelle ageyne Octouian, was ouercommen in the londe of Grece. Petrus, 28o capitulo. Herodes was not at that batelle, for he was sente ageyne the kynge of Araby thro meane of Cleopatra, that sche myȝhte be exaltede if eny of theym hade victory. Eutropius, libro septimo. This Antonius losenge the victory and fleenge in to Egipte, did sle hym selfe, and Cleopatra
Petrus, capitulo 18o. After that, Augustus did ampliate to Herode his realme, in that he made perviaunce for meytes and drynkes and oþer thynges necessary to themperour goenge vn to theti yere of his age, beryede
c. yere: y knowe not the name of the yerbe. Also
Policronicon, libro primo. Hit is seide Virgil, the poete Mantuan, to haue inquirede Marcellus Neapolitanus, son of the doȝhter of Octouian, whether he hade leuer haue a bridde instructe and made to take other bryddes or elles a flee that scholde destrye oþer flees. This Marcellus askede cown|selle of Octouian, which ȝafe to him cownselle that he scholde chose a flee whiche scholde dryve other flees aweye from theo, capitulo 2o, rehersethe and seithe that Iacobus Minor or Iames the lesse
Gaufridus et Alfridus. Kymbelinus, þe son of Tenuantius, reignede amonge the Briteynes, whiche gate ij. sonnes, Guiderius and Aruiragus. Oracius the poete diede abowte this tyme at Rome, beenge lvijti yere of age, in the xxxvj. yere of Octouian and in the xlti yere of Augustus. Marcus Porcius Caton, felawe of Seneca the philosophre, vexede with the fever quarteyn, did sle hym selfe. Marianus,libro 2o. Seynte Iohn Baptiste was conceyved in the xli. yere of the reigne of Octouian, þe vijthe monethe, in September, the
the moone, the viij. kalendes of October the vthe fery, whiche was borne after that ij.e. and lxxv. dayes y-paste, in the vjthe fery, and so he was afore Criste in byrthe, in prechenge, in baptizenge, and in dienge; whom hit behovede to be made lesse, and Criste to be encreasedde. For sithe that cclxxvij. daies be deputede to women beenge with childe from the concevenge un to the childenge, whom Criste hade complete in the blessede wombe of his moder, thauȝhe alle women with childe atteyne not to that tyme. For after Seynte Austyn de Civitate Dei, libro quarto, capitulo sexto, Seynte Iohn Baptiste hade ij. daies lesse in the wombe of his moder. Also Seynte Iohn Baptiste was borne with decreasenge of lighte, and Criste with en|creasenge and multiplicacion þeroff. Also Seynte Iohn Baptiste was beryede withowte his hedde, and Criste was beryede with|owte diminucion off eny membre of his precious body.
OURE Saviour Criste Ihesu was conceyvede of his moste blessede moder Mary, mariede late to Ioseph, in the cite of Nazareth of Galilee, the xlijti yere of Octouian themperour, the xxxj. yere of Herode, the thridde yere of the cxc. and the thridde Olimpias, the vijc. and lj. yere from the edificacion of the cite of Rome, in the vj. monethe from the con|cepcion of Seynte Iohn Baptiste, the viijthe kalendes ofthe fery, the xthe moone, and the xiithe indiccion. Petrus. Fulle man in body and sawle, so that the liniamentes of his body and membres cowthe not be discernede by the siȝhte of man. ℞. And the vthe age of the worlde, as afflicte with moche tediousenesse, from the transmigracion of the Iewes un to Criste, is terminate. That is to say, from Marche afore the brennenge of the temple, made in herveste, un to Marche in the xlij. yere of Auguste, under xiiij. generaciones, havenge after Bede v.c. yere xlj., and after Isidor v.c. xlv., and after Elpericus v.c.lxxxix; but after the trewe calculacion v.c.xcj.;
the boke of Ethimologies levethe aweye Ptholomeus Philometor and Ptholomeus Sother, whiche reignede after his moder sleyne viij. yere. And so the vj. age of the worlde begynnethe from Criste, whiche is not finischede by eny ordre of generacions, to endure un to the ende of the worlde as þe laste age. Somme men wille the vjthe age of the worlde to begynne from the incarnacion of Criste; somme men say hit to begynne at the natiuite of Criste, after the seyenge of thapostle, "When the plenitude of tyme schalle comme." Somme men say from the baptyme of Criste, for the strenȝhte regeneratiue ȝiffen to waters, the circumcision finischede and terminate. Somme men say the vjthe age to begynne from the passion of Criste, thro whom
l and cc. yere. But after the moore commune calculacion there be v. ml. yere xcvj., and after Marcius v. ml xcix. And lyke as Adam diede in the vjthe fery after ix.c. and xxxti yere y-paste, soe in lyke wise the secunde Adam Criste was induede with the nature of man, endede his faste, in the same fery. Also the thefe was brouȝhte in to Paradise in that howre of the vjthe fery in whom Adam was ejecte from Paradise. Marianus, libro 2o. And hit repugnethe not that the chirche holdethe after, other nye, the daies of the sonnecreate is written in the text, and then erased and made written above.the day of the kalendes of Aprile of his firste parte is made the xthe day of the kalendes of Aprile, of the laste parte, that is of the nyȝhte in whom Criste was bownde and skornede, that was the viij. kalendes of Aprile. Wherefore hit may be concluded þat Criste suffrede passion the x. kalendes of Aprile, and the ixthe day and the viij. day of the kalendes of Aprile. Also hit may be schewede by an other reason for sithe that the fery is chaungede euery yere from letter to letter in the kalendary, then hit is noo mervayle if the vjthe fery, whiche felle in the begynnenge of the worlde in the xthe kalendes of Aprile when Adam was made, be nowe after so mony yeres in the viijthe kalendes of Aprile when Criste suffredde passion; whiche seyenge the
ti howres. So that the firste day be taken after his parte posterialle with the nyȝhte goenge afore, the secunde day holly, the thridde day after the firste parte of hit. And after Seynte Austyn, eiche of these daies hade the nyȝhte goenge afore longenge to theym. Wherefore hit semethe the maister of storyes is not to be folowede, whiche seythe that the myddelle nyȝhte betwene the Seturday and the Sonday of the resurreccion of oure Lord was commune to the Seturday
Lucas; Beda. Mary arysenge after that sche hade conceyvede, comme to the cite of Zachary,Lucas. Whom returnenge, Ioseph wolde not take un to his wife, in that sche was with childe, un tille that he was mone|schede in his slepe by an angelle to take her unto hym. Lucas. That tyme a commaundemente was sende from Octouian, emperour of Rome, that alle þe worlde scholde be describede. Petrus. Octouian the emperour, wyllenge to knowe the nowmbre of regiones in the worlde subiecte to the empire of Rome, and the nowmbre of cites in euery region, and the nowmbre of men and women in the cites, commaundede that euery man of subarbes, stretes, villages, townes, and of
Lucas. Wherefore Ioseph wente from Nazareth to Bethleem, the cite where he was borne, with Mary his wife, beenge with childe, that he myȝte offre, where Mary his wife was delyuerede of oure Savioure. Petrus. Therefore oure Savioure Criste was borne in the ende of the xlij. yere of Augustus, in the nyȝhte of the holy Sabotte, whiche folowede the day then, in the xiiijthe yere of the age of oure blessede lady, the viijthe kalendes of Ianuare, at Bethleem. And after that he was circumcisede on Sunday, in the kalendes of Ianuare; he was worschippede of thre kynges in the xiijthe day after, in the viijthe idus off Ianuare, and
ti day from the Natiuite he was presentede in the temple. And after that she fledde in to Egipte with Ioseph here howsebonde, takenge Criste oure Savioure with theyme, after the monicion of the angel made to Ioseph, taryenge þer by vj. yere un to the dethe of Herode. For the seide Herode thouȝhte to extincte and slee alle childer of tender age within the Iewery, be cause of Criste, that he myȝhte sle hym amonge other childer. The ydoles of Egipte felle downe when thatti daies be assignede to every monethe, after the obsueracion of olde tyme, from the viijthe kalendes of Aprile, the sexte fery, in whom Criste was conceyvede, un to the nyȝhte of the Sonneday in
the monethe, whiche was Ianuare. ℞. Also þer is a yere callede emergente, excepte the diuerse incepcion of the yere schewede afore, by chaunce of a thynge begynnenge in euery tyme of the usualle yere, as is usede to be in the begynnenges of kynges.ti yere of whom after age, or xxxj. after natiuite, Criste was baptizede, whiche yere acomptede with the laste halfe yere, hit is trewe that Criste prechede iiij. yere, or elles after the gospelle of Seynte Iohn iij. yere and a halfe, and so Criste suffrede passion in the xxxiij. yere of his age, and xxxiiijti yere
the Olimpias, after Eusebius, and concludethe the ende of hit in the iiijthe yere of the same Olimpias in the monethe of Marche. And for cause diuine sapience providede his natiuite where men of Grece begynne the yere with the Olimpias, þerefore the yeres of oure Lord God begynne with thOlimpias, and do ende with theym. But the yeres of kynges and of emperoures be acomptede but selde with the Olimpias, or with the yeres of oure Lorde God, sithe the begynnenge or ende of the yeres of theyme is not founde in certeynte, in that thei haue the begynnenge of the firste yere and endeende and in there is a space left in the MS.ti yere of Augustus begynnethe in the firste yere of the age of Criste, and the iiijthe
IN the natiuite of Criste a welle of oyle flowede ouer Tiber from the tauerne emeritory by alle the day, and a cercle apperede abowte the sonne. Martinus. And an ymage of golde felle downe, whom Romulus sette in his palice, seyenge that ymage scholde not falle un til that a pure virgyne hade a childe. Also the temple of peace felle, and after the exposicion of Seynte Ierom on this texte, "Lux orta est," alle sodomites thro alle the worlde were extincte in his natiuite. Petrus. Herode intendenge the dethe of inno|centes,
ti yere in age was vexede with a soore fever, grete ycchenge, with swellenge of his feete, with vermyn commenge from his secrete membres, with a stynche intollerable, and with a violente tisike. Then Herode Ascalonite bathede in oyle by the cown|sailes of his leches, was taken from þe bathe beenge allemostePetrus, 45o capitulo. Iohn þe Evangeliste was borne abowte this tyme, and Herode, after the sleenge of his sonnes, diede in the xxxvij. yere of his reigne miserably, in the infir|mites rehersede afore, causenge the peple of the Iewes to sorowe sore in his dethe, for cause he commaundede alle the childer of the noble men amonge the Iewes to be sleyne in his dethe. Eusebius, libro primo, capitulo septimo. This Herode hade the generaciones of men of Hebrewe, and the begynnenges of other aliaunteȝ in secrete places of the temple, causenge theym to be brente in the tyme off his dethe, supposenge by that he scholde be made a noble man, and that his originalle scholde not be knowen. Neuerþeles there were mony men that hade the same writenges at their places, other elles thei
Petrus, 51o capitulo. Arche|laus and Herode, sonnes of the Herode aforeseide, stryvenge for the succession of the realme afore Augustus emperour of Rome. Wherefore Octouian themperour, by the cownselle of the senate, ȝafe to Archelaus the halfe parte of the Iewery, and Ydumea, in the name of a tetrarchye. And the emperoure diuided that other halfe of the Iewery in to ij. partes takenge to Herodes Antipas Galilee, and to Philippe his broþer Ituria and Traconitides. And so Archelaus occupiede not the monarchye of the Iewes, but after the seyenge off commune peple, and of his awne boste. Oure Savioure Criste come this tyme from Egipte. That blessede childe Ihesu was founde in the temple sittenge, and inquirenge questiones ofEutropius, libro septimo.
AUGUSTUS themperoure of Rome was hade in so grete luffe and fauour with men of Barbre, of Scichia, and of men of Ynde, to whom the name of emperours afore tyme was un|knowen, sendeIsi|dorus, libro primo. This Augustus founde firste þis letter x., forEutropius. Augustus encreasede the cite of Rome with noble edificacions, where in he hade grete glory, seyenge: "Y leve the cite edifiede and made stronge with marbole, whom y founde diȝhte with tile stones. This Augustus was a beawtuous man of body, not wontenge vices, for he was a grete player at the dise, impaciente, envious, interialle, whiche ȝiffen oftetymes to surfettes in meytes and drynkes, ȝafe the nyȝhtes folowenge to the lustes of the flesche, that mony peple wolde speke fulle ylle of hym be cause of that vice. Whiche refusenge Scribonia his wife, and mariede a
Suetonius. The Romanes seenge þe beawte of Augustus, wolde haue namede and callede hym a god, whiche refusenge hit, asked respite; wherefore he inquirede cownselle of Sibille Tiburtyne of that matter. Whiche fastenge iij. daies, seide to hym in this wise: "Iudicii signum tellus sudore madescet. De cœlo Rex adveniet per sæcla futurus." The capitalle letters of whom expresse this sentence, "Ihesu Criste the re|demptor of man schalle be borne of a virgyne." Marianus. Then themperour see anoon, heuyn beynge open, a virgynneValerius, libro tertio. When Tiberius schewede to his fader Augustus that men spake wickidely of hym, he seide: "We haue noo indignacion in that thei speke ylle of us, hit is sufficiaunte to us that thei may not hurte us." Policronicon, libro tertio, capitulo tertio decimo. When that Antonius despisede the originalle of Augustus, heMacro|bius in Saturnalibus. A man seenge Augustus goe by the weye, callede hym a tyraunte. To whom Augustus seide: "If that y were a tiraunte thow durste not say so." Also the gouernoures of Rome observede this thynge in the honoure of Augustus, that noo man was putte to dethe or to penaunce in the day of commenge of themperour un to the cite. Hit happede that a yonge man comme
Seneca ad Clementem. The treason of a man callede Cynna detecte to the emperour, he was so vexede that he cowthe not slepe. To whom Liuia his wife seide, "Do after the cown|seyleMacrobius in Saturna|libus. A noble man stondenge in perelle as in iuggemente for hys lyvelode, wente to Augustus themperour, preyenge hym to ȝiffe iuggemente for hym. Themperour commaunded an aduocate to here the causes and to ȝiffe iuggemente. Then the noble man, Veteranus by name, seide, "O my lorde emperour, y commaundede not an other man to suffre soore woundes for the in the batelle Actiake, but y fauȝhte in my awne person, and suffrede soore woundes for thy luffe;"ti ml penyes; whiche salutede in like wise of a pye, and of a sterlynge, causede theym to be bouȝhte. A poore sowter perceyvenge that, informede a dawe to speke in lykewise; whiche was wounte to say to the bridde not willenge to speke, "Now suche speche and attendaunce is pereschede." After that, the dawe perceyvenge themperoure to comme by the place of her maister, salutede hym in lykewise. Themperour herenge that salutacion seide, "We have ynoe of these at home."
Eutropius, libro septimo. At the laste this noble emperour Augustus diede at Campany, alle men of thempire seyenge and cryenge, "Wolde that he hade neuer be borne, or that he scholde not haue diede, a man lyke to a god, happy in batelle and moderate in peace." Policronicon, libro suo sexto. This noble man and emperoure Augustus seide the same cownsayle to be occupiede ageyne an enemye as un to sekenesse, for thei be ouercommen raþer with hungre then with armes or yrne. Also Augustus causede his sonnes to exercise
TIBERIUS, the son in lawe to Augustus, began to reigneti yere and certeyne daies. Eutropius. Tiberius gouernede the peple with grete mekenesse in the begynnenge of his empire and domination, in so moche that he, movede by diuerse noble men to haue a tribute paiede of every province subiecte to hym, seide in thys maner: "The proprete of a goode scheparde is to clippe aweye the fleece of wolle, and not to sle the schepe." In the begynnenge of his gouernayle he was fortunate in batelles,
ti consulles, and putte theyme to exile, off whom he lefte not tweyne in lyfe. Whiche was a myȝhty and prudente in armes afore that he was emperour, but after he ȝafe batelle by other men sende from hym. Polichronicon, libro tertio, capitulo quarto. And thauȝhe he was culpable in mony thynges, he seide that the
Iosephus. This Tiberius Nero was so slawthefulle that he wolde unnethe amove the proctors that he hade made oones in alle the tymes of his lyfe, seyenge that he sparede the peple þerby, usenge this reason: There was a man hauenge mony woundes syttenge in the sonne, whiche hauenge mony flees abowte his woundes and sowkenge þeim wolde not remove theyme. At the laste, a frend of his commenge to hym seenge the flees abowte his soores, amovede theyme. To whom the seke man seide, "Thow hase doen ylle to me, for thow hase dryven aweye the flees that were replete andIsidorus,
libro decimo septimo, capitulo quinto decimo. Somme men say that þer was a man in the tyme of this Tiberius that founde the arte to make glasse flexible and malleable. Themperour perceyvenge that, and knowenge by the man that þer was noon oþer that knewe the same arte, commaundede hym to be sleyne, leste, that connynge made open and knowen, alle other precious veselles scholde be hade in contempte. Ouidius Naso, the poete, diede at Sarmatas in the iiijthe yere of his exile, whiche makenge a boke of the arte of luffenge, excitede the hate of men of Rome gretely ageynes him, in that he in|flammede the yonge men of the cite of Rome un to the luste of the flesche. But hit was seide that he did lye with thempresse, wherefore he was putte in to exile. Pilate was
the yere of his age, whiche kynge, Tirus by name, hade geten a sunne by his wife egalle in age to Pilate. This childe lawefully geten by his wife, was more noble then Pilate in mony kyndes of armes, wherefore Pilate perceyvenge that, did sle his broþer. Tirus the kynge, and fader to Pilate, understondenge þat, sende hym to Rome as plegge for a tribute that he scholde pay to the Romanes. In whiche tyme a sonne to þe kynge of Fraunce was a plegge at Rome also for a tribute to be paiede to theym. Whom Pilate did sle also, in that he was moore noble in mony kyndes of armes then he. Wherefore the Romanes sende this Pilate
Petrus. In the whiche tyme þer were iij. sectes of the Iewes in the Iewery, differente from the commune life of other peple, that is to say, Pharisees, Saducees, and Essees other Assideeis. The firsteIosephus, libro secundo. In other daies that peple diggenge the grownde couerede theyme and the grownde when thei scholde goe to sege, leste that þei scholde seme to haue doen iniury to the beames of the sonne; the dewte of nature doen, thei couerede that
FROM this xv. yere of Tiberius un to the firste yere of Adam, in calculacion backewarde be iij. ml yere after Eusebius, whiche make lx. yere of Iubilee, and so after hym the xvj. yere of Tiberius was the begynnenge of lxj. Iubile. But after the lxxti interpretatores, there be v. ml cc. yere and xxv. from Adam un to the fiftene yere of Tiberius. And after men of Hebrewe iiij. ml yere. Wherefore somme menthe idus of Ianuary on the Sonday of the Epiphanye; whiche turnede water in to wyne that day twelfemonethe. Petrus. Wherefore that daye is callede in olde bookes dies Epiphaniorum, that is to say, the day of mony illustrations distincte by propre names. For thre appariciones were made in that day, but in diuerse yeres. The firste was callede Epiphania, of þis worde epy, that is above, and phanos, that is apperenge, as an apperenge made from above by a sterre. The secunde was callede Theophania, of this worde theos, that is God, and phanos an apparence, as an apperenge made by a dovese. The thridde was callede Beethphania, of this worde beeth, that is an howse, as an apperenge made in a howse by the chaungenge of water in to wyne. ℞. And
ti yere of his age in thatti dayes, whiche he endede in the xlti day folowenge, the vj. fery, þe xv. kalendes of Marche, in whiche day he ouercome the deuelle temptenge hym; in whiche day the deuelle supplanted Adam.
ti yere at the water. After that he ascendede in the same yere un to the mownte, where he did chose xij. apostles whom he sende to preche. Wherefore hit is expresse that the thre euangelistes whiche expressede the actes of Criste from the imprisonenge of Seynte Iohn, lefte allemoste the actes of oon yere of Criste afore þe imprisonemente of Seynte Iohn Baptiste, whom Seynte Iohn theuangeliste dothe towche, as of the turnenge of water in to wyne, of the commenge of
Petrus, capitulo xjo. The xjthe booke of the story ecclesiasticalle expressethe Seynte Iohn Baptiste to be heded at a castelle of Araby callede Macheronta, and his body to be buriede at Sebasten other Samaria. But thei beryede his hedde at Ierusalem nye to the habitacle of Herode, leste that he scholde haue rysen to lyfe ageyne if that his hedde hade be beryede with his body. The Gentiles dispersede his boones, hauenge envy of the miracles doen by hym, in the tymes of Iulianus Apostata, whiche boones were gedrede by theym afterwarde and brente, and the duste and powdre of theyme blawen in to the aier. But when the bones of Seynte
OURE Savioure Criste suffrede passion the viijthe kalendes of Aprile, in whiche day was a grete clippes, after Cassio|dorus, and feylenge of lighte, in so moche that sterres were seene as to falle from hevyn. Also there was in the tyme of his blessede passion suche movenges of erthe, in so moche that diuerse cites in the cuntre of Bithinia were destroyede, and
Iosephus. Prestes in the temple of Ierusalem herde that same yere, in the feste of Pentecoste, a voice seyenge, "Departe we from these setes and places." Iacobus minor, son of Alpheus, was made bischoppe of Ierusalem in that yere abowte Pentecoste, whiche songe firste masse amonge theyme, beenge bischoppe þer by xxxti yere. Also vij. diacons were ordeynede, whose names be Steven, Philippe, Procorus, Nichanor, Timon, Par|menas, and Nicholas, which stode not in unyte. Eusebius in Historia Ecclesiastica, libro tertio. This Nicholas hauenge
cyther, α.; sider, β. and Cx.; syþere, γ.Jeronimus de viris illus|tribus. After that he wente to Anthiochia, where he was vij. yere. After that he wente to Rome, where he was presidente xxvti yere and vij. monethes. Seynte Paule was convertede this yere the viijthe kalendes of February, whiche was at the cite of Damascus, with the disciples, anoon after that he was bap|tisedeti yere of his age, in the kalendes of October. Petrus, capitulo quinquagesimo. Whiche knowenge hym selfe to dye, callede to hym Gaius, the son of Germannicus his broþer, and Tiberius the son of Drusus, the noble men of thempire beenge presente, ordeynede to be his successor wheþer of theym ij. come to hym raþer in the mornynge. Wherefore he made a signe to Tiberius that he scholde comme afore in eny wise, but he seide pleynly that he wolde not comme afore that he hade dynede. Wherefore Gaius
GAYUS the son of Germannicus, callede Caligula, reioycede
CLAUDIUS, the uncle of Gaius and of Drusus, began to regne after the dethe of Gaius, thro helpe of Herodes Agrippa, in the monethe of Auguste, whiche reignede xv. yere. This Claudius did noo thynge of commendacion in his tyme, but that he made the yle of Briteyne subiecte to
Iosephus, libro vicesimo. This Claudius hade iij. wives, whiche gate of Petiva, the firste of theyme, a doȝhter callede Antonia. After the dethe of whom he mariede Messalina, of whom he gate a sonne callede Britannicus, and a doȝhter callede Octauia. After that he mariede Agrippina, hauenge a son callede Nero, to whom Claudius mariede his doȝhter Octauia; and for the luffe that Claudius hade to Agrippina, he did sle his other wife Messalina. After the dethe of whom, Claudius syttenge at table, as in furiosite, wolde say oftetymes, and inquire of peple stondenge abowte hym, why Messalina his lady come not to the table. This Agrippina, dredenge leste that Britannicus, the son of Messalina, scholde succede hym in the empire, poysonede
Beda, libro primo, capitulo tertio. A grete hungre was hade in this yere thro the cuntre of Siria, propheciede to comme by Agabus the prophete, in Actes of thapostles. Petrus, capitulo octogesimo primo. That grete hungre con|tynuenge in the Iewery, Helena, the qwene of Adiabenes, commenge to Ierusalem, bouȝhte grete plente of corne þat sche myȝhte norische trewe peple hauenge nede; whiche
Beda, libro primo, capitulo tertio. Claudius themperour come this tyme to Briteyne, Guideriusthe monethe that he come from hit, callenge the name of his sonne Bri|tannicus. Lelius Hamo, a duke longenge to Claudius, did sle
Petrus, capitulo quinquagesimo sexto. This Herodes Agrippa was son to Aristobolus, son to Herodes Ascalonita, a man of grete boldenesse, bellicose and liberalle, but of grete pouerte with alle. Whiche wente to Rome in thelife.the daye folowenge after that he hade seene the same kynde or eny of the same kynde to haue sytte in lyke wise. Themperour Tiberius dedde, Gaius delyverede Herodes Agrippa from prison, ȝiffenge to hym ij. tetrarchies, of Philippe and of Lysania; ȝiffenge to hym a diademe with the name of a kynge. Where|fore Herodias his suster, hade grete indignacion that Herodes Antipas here howsebonde reioycede not the name of a kynge, movenge hym that he scholde go to Gaius themperour and purchasse a diademe with the name of a kynge. But Gaius themperour hauenge letters afore sende from Herodes Agrippa, sende hym to Lugdune in to Fraunce. Neverthelesse he ȝafe choyce to Herodias to chose wheþer sche wolde goe with here
the tetrarchye, that was the Iewery or Iuda; whiche enhawnsede soe, wente un to the Iewery, and imprisonede Petyr, and did sle Seynte Iames. After that he wente to Cesarea, to make plaies and disportes in
ti yere. And, after the sayenge of somme men, sche lyvede after his dethe xvj. yere, and after oþer men xij. yere; so þat sche was assumpte in the lx. yere of here age; for it is writen expresse that thapostles prechede in the Iewery and abowte hit xij. yere after the dethe of Criste. Philippe thapostle was crucifiede at Iherapolis, the lxxviij. yere of his age. Lazarus, the firste bischoppe of Ciprus, diede in the
ti yere. Felix was sende to the Iewery by Claudius themperour, and made the proctor of the Iewes, afore whom Paule accusede made ap|pellacion to themperour afore hym to his defense. In whicheEgesippus, libro 2o. Then the kynde of perellous men spronge in Ierusalem, whiche did sle men in the liȝhte day by arte imperceptible, in so moche that the drede of men lyvenge was more grevous then the compleynte of the dedde men; wherefore mony men lefte that cite and wente to wildernesse. Claudius themperour diede at the cite of Rome in his palice, the lxiiij. yere of his age, in the monethe of Marche, whom Agrippina, wife to hym, did extincte with poyson, that Britannicus his son excludede, Nero myȝhte be emperour, whiche was son to Agrippina.
NERO the son of Domicius and of Agrippina sustyr to Gaius, sonne in lawe to Claudius, began to reigne, whiche reignede allemoste xiiij. yere. This Nero luffede gretely instrumentes musicalle, in so moche that he enioyede hym to be callede in festes the prince of harpers; whiche ioyede so moche of the swetenesse of his voyce, that he wolde not ab|steyne oonly from meytes and drynkes, but also to haue a vomite in certeyne tyme. Whiche begynnenge to synge, noo man hade audacite to go furthe from the place un til that he hade endede thynges begunne. Neuerthelesse this em|perour Nero moste avarous, seyenge to the peple oftetymes,
Suetonius. This emperour usede not to were oon clothenge too tymes; usenge schone of siluyr, and schoenge his mules in lyke wise; fischenge with nettes of golde whiche were drawen with cordes made of purpulle. Whiche willenge to see the similitude of the cite of Troye in the brennenge of hit, causede a grete parte of the cite of Rome to brenne con|tynuallyOrosius. Nero was of so grete lecchery that he was waschen with hoote oyntementes and colde; whiche causede the wombe of his moder be kytte that he myȝhte see the place of concepcion. Martinus. Whiche reprovede of leches in that he hade doen to his moder so grete crudelite,
Eutropius. This Nero did sle diverse noble women, as Liuia the wiffe of Octouian, Agrippina his moder, the suster of his fader, and also his awne wife. Seneca Cordubens, uncle to Lucanus and maister to Nero, askenge a condignePolicronicon, libro octavo. Mony men haue audacite to despise Seneca, usenge for theire schelde
Jeronimus de viris illustribus. Seynte Paule appellenge or makenge appellacion to themperoure, was sende to Rome y-bownde, where he taryede in fre kepenge by the space of ij. yere, and disputede ageyne the Iewes; after that he was dimitte and wente at liberte. In whiche yere Seynte Petyr ordeynede ij. bis|choppes at Rome, other ij. helperes to hym, Linus and Cletus,
Martinus. Hit is redde that this Cletus did wryte firste in his letters salutem et apostolicam benedictionem, whiche commended gretely pil|gremages,ti yere, and convertede mony peple to the feithe of Criste, and at the laste he diede a martir. Persius Satiricus the poete diede this tyme. ℞. There were mony poetes whiche were not callede Satirici, for the name of a poete is seide of feynenge, as Virgille was specially in Eneydos, and Ovidius was callede Satiricus of fullefyllenge of the mater, other elles of reprovenges whom they invecte ageyne tres|passoures. And of suche men were iij. specially, Persius, Oracius, and Iuvenalle. Isidorus, libro octavo, capitulo septimo. The office of a poete is to transmute those thynges whiche be doen truly in to other similitudes in oblike figuraciones with pulcritude. Therefore hit is that poetes enhauncede temples and ryalle edifications for the magnitude and beawte off theyme, and the similacres of theyme to be honourede as goddes. Wherefore somme poetes be callede diuynes, in that they made
the kalendes of Aprile, in the tyme of Ester, in the xxxti yere after the passion of Criste. Whiche was stonede firste of the Iewes, chalaungenge in hym that he cowthe not putte Seynte Paule to dethe, and after that he wasthe kalendes of December, whom Cletus succeded xij. yere. Seynte Petyr wente to Rome to expugne Symon Magus in this yere, a Samaritan of kynde, whom he hade deuicte afore at Cesarea, and causede hym to fle from the Iewery. Thys Symon Magus hade gedrede the peple off Rome of his secte, seyenge hym to be trowblede with men off Galile, Petyr and Paule, wherefore he seide that he wolde leve Rome. Neuerthelesse he prefixede a day in whom he wolde ascende to hevyn, whiche commen he schewede his arte and connynge, and ascendede in to the aier, wherefore the Romanes seide Criste never to haue doen suche a thynge in hys lyfe. But Symon Magus hade a soore falle thro the preier of Seynte Petyr, where þro his body was broken. Nero themperour sorowenge his dethe, putte Seynte Petyr in to kepenge, whiche knowenge thende of hys lyfe to drawe nere ordeynede and made Seynte Clemente bischop, to reioyce his
Eutropius.
Gaufridus. Marius the son of Arviragus reignede this tyme in Briteyne. In whos tyme a kynge of the Pictes Rodricus, commenge from Sichia, occupiede the northe partes of Albania, callede nowe Scottelande. Whiche sleyne by Marius, a ston was erecte in signe of triumphe and of victory in that prouince of Westemarelonde, by þe name of Marius, in whom hit is writen in this wise, "The victories of Marius." ℞. William Malmesbur was deceyvede here, supposenge the writenge of that ston to perteyne to Marius the consul of Rome, and noo mervayle, for he see neuer the boke of the gestes of Britones, in whom hit is expressede of Marius the kynge. This Marius hauenge the victory of Rodricus, ȝafeo. capitulo ultimo.
GALBA Seruius electe by men of Speyne and of Fraunce,the batelle, seide that he was not worthy that peple scholde be soe destroyede by hys meane, wherefore he did slehym selfe. Vitellius reignede after Otho vij. monethes, whichel of fisches and vij. ml of briddes. This Vitellius dredenge leste that Vespasian scholde reigne, did sle Sabynus, broþer to hym; whiche includenge hym in a chambre for fere, was extracte by the noble men longenge to Vespasian, and ledde nakede thro the cite with his hedde borne up, hauenge a scharpe swerde
Policronicon, librotertio capitulo quartodecimo. An olde man seide in to þe impropery of Vespasian, "A fox may chaunge his skynne, but not his mynde;" for cause that age declynede not auarice from hym. To whom Vespasian seide, "We awe to ȝiffe disporte and laȝhenge to suche men as geveas geve] written over in a later hand.Iosephus, libro 7o. In the same monethe and day in whom hit was brente afore by men of Caldee, the viijthe day of the monethe of September, in þe yere from the firste construccion made by Salamon a ml c. and xxxti yere. And from the secunde reedifienge made by Aggeus the prophete vjc. and xxxix. yere; whiche cite was taken in the tyme of Ester, after Martinus and other men. Egesippus. In whiche sege, xj.c. ml peple of the Iewes were pereschede by fiȝhte and thro hungre, a c. ml of the Iewes were solde, and euer xxxti for a peny, and
Ieronimus. That tyme þer was a grete multitude of the Iewes in Ierusalem, for in suche festes peple of alle the Iewery hade resorte un to hit. Iosephus, libro septimo. Hit is not to be meruaylede of that multitude of Iewes dedde, taken, and sleyne, for Cestius the presidente of the Iewery did write un to Nero willenge to knowe the nowmbre of the Iewes beenge in Ierusalem, whom he hade in contempte, lyke as he hade knowlege by the bischoppes of hit, that þer were peple in Ierusalem on a holy day un to the nowmbre xxti c. ml. and lxxti. c. ml. withowte peple viciate and pollute, to whom hit was not lawefulle to offre. The bischoppes collecte that nowmbre by the nowmbre of hostes, whiche werec. ml lvj. ml. and lti ml., for ten men were assignede to euery hoste. Egesippus, libro tertio. The wisedome hade by the Romanes helpede theym moche, the Iewes hade woodenesse
Iosephus, libro quinto. Vespasian exaltede to thempire of Rome, lefte Titus his son at the sege of Ierusalem, whiche walkenge abowte the cite with vjc. horse men to see a place of vauntage in the sege, was compassede abowte with the Iewes, neuerþelesse he returnede and wente thro theyme manly un to his hoste. The Iewes beenge in the cite desirede pease. But Titus, dredenge treason, seide in this wise: "To use wacches and batelle is a signe of myȝhty men, and to eschewe treason, lesteti forlonges; the compasse of the castelles was nowmbrede to the space of x. forlonges, that oon of the Iewes scholde not escape. That hungre was so grete there that the beryer was beryede ofte afore the peple to be beryede, where the peple diede so soore that the erthe and grownde within the cite wolde not suffice to the beryalles of dedde peple. Wherefore thei caste ml. of peple ouer the walles. Titus seenge that sorowede soore, makenge a protestacion of forȝiffe|nesse; then mony of the Iewes fleenge to the Romanes, Titus commaundede to refresche theyme, whiche wontede other myȝhte to eite for feblenesse, other naturalle vertu to digeste hit. Somme men flenge from the cite hade receyvede in to theire wombes grete summes of golde, leste that the Romanes scholde haue eny goode þeroff. A man of Assiria perceyvenge that, schewede that thynge to the Romanes, wherefore the
Iosephus,libro sexto. But Iohn and Symon stoppede alle the places broken downe that the Iewes myȝhte not escape owte, neither the Romanes myȝhte haue entre in to the cite. The howses of þe peple were serchede besyly, if they myȝhte fynde eny thynge; men denyenge were sleyne, and if the durre was schutte men supposede that þei hade somme meyte, and drawede thyder, wherefore that howse was broken; symple men were spoylede theire goodes, and ryche men accusede for
Egesippus, libro quinto, et Iosephus, libro septimo. Then that dede to be abhorrede happede in Ierusalem, of Mary the aliaunte, whiche spake to her yonge infante in that hungre in thys wise: "My son, alle cruelle þinges compasse the abowte, batelles, hungre, brennenge, and thefes, wherefore restore to thy moder that thow haste receyvede of here; goe in to that secrete place from whom thow come. I did somme tyme that pite requirede, now lete us do þat hungre inducethe and movethe;" whiche seynge in this wise rostede her childe at the fire, eitenge parte and reseruenge parte of hit. But the savoure of that flesche soe rostede movede mony peple to comme thyder, to whom Mary that woman seide in this wise: "Be not aschamede to folowe a woman, kepe silence, y was not auarous in that y kepede parte for yow," spekenge to the
Iosephus, libro septimo. There was a man amonge the Romanes of theben, Cx.Eggesippus. Titus causede his gunners to schote at the temple, where thro thei profite but lytelle, neuerthelesse thei brente the ȝates of the temple couerede with golde. ℞. Iosephus rehersethe and seithe that the destruction of the Iewes and the dispersion of theyme was causede for the dethe of Seynte Iames the ryȝhteuous. But
schal is written above hafe.ti yere after his dethe, that thei scholde not haue eny excusacion for synnes or theire trespasses, causenge thapostles to preche amonge theyme, and schewenge to theym other meruellous signes. Egesippus et Iosephus, libro septimo. For the similitude of a swerde of fyre was seene to honge ouer the temple by a yere allemoste afore the destruccion of the temple. Also a yonge calfe to be offrede that tyme of Ester calvede a lambe in the myddes of the temple. Also the este ȝate of the temple, unnethe wonte to be schutte by
ti men, was openede oftetymes in the nyȝhte, the barres off the durres broken. Also armede men were seen and chariettes to flye in the aiere. The prestes at Pentecoste afore the takenge of the cite herde voices seyenge,the yere afore the takenge of Ierusalem, in theire festes callede Scenophagia, where he cryede in this wise: "A voyce from the este, a voice from the weste, a voice from the iiij. wyndes; woo, woo, woo to Ierusalem," cryenge so day and nyȝhte, in so moche that he wolde not leve that crye for betynge neither for feire wordes and preyers. Whiche brouȝhte afore Albinnus, the presidente of the Romanes, and correcte soore, wolde not leve that seyenge; and in the laste day of the destruccion of the
Ieronimus in prologo super Iose. Titus returnede to Rome after the destruccion of the cite of Ierusalem, takenge with hym Iosephus the Iewe, whiche did write in Grewe vij. bookes of the captiuite of the Iewes, whom Titus combynede and putte to the commune bible; whiche deseruede to haue an ymage made for hym after his dethe for thexcellence of witte in the cite of Rome. Also this Iosephus did write xxti bookes off antiquite from the begynnenge of the worlde un to the tymes of Domician; in the xviijthe bookes of whom he knowlegethe Iohn Baptiste to haue be a trewe prophete, and Ierusalem to haue beene destroyede for the dethe of Iames þe
ti yere of his age, of the flixe, in his awne towne, nye to the Sabynes; whicheGiraldus in Topographia. The disciple of Petyr, Appollinaris by name, suffrede passion, sende to Rauenna but a lytelle season afore; in whose day the rauenes, crowes, and dawes gedre þer a grete multitude, to whom the carion of an horse is ȝiffen as of a consuetude. Wherefore somme men
TITUS reignede after Vespasian his fader as thre yere,Policronicon, libro tertio, capitulo vicesimo quarto. This Titus onornede so by the avarice of his fader that he was accomptede the luffe and delices of mankynde, obseruenge this condicion and con|suetude, that he wolde not suffre eny man commenge to hym to departe withowte a rewarde other a promisse of a rewarde. Wherefore the men of his howseholde inquirenge why he promysed moo ȝiftes then he myȝhte ȝiffe, he seide to þeim
semede] om. β., γ., and Cx.
Domicianus, the son of Vespasian, reignede xv. yere and v. monethes, the wife of whom was callede firste Augusta; and he commandede hym toPolicronicon. This man was utterly unprofitable, doenge noo thynge accordenge to his honore and dignite, reioycenge the name of dignite withowte merytte. Whiche hade in exercise, by continuacion of a certeyne season and space, to take flees in his chamber, and to pricke theym thro with a scharpe pynne; in so moche that hit was seide to a man inquirenge who was with themperour, that oon flee remaynede not in the chambre with hym. This Domician causede the names of ij monethes in the yere to be chaungede, callenge September Germanicus, and October Domicianus. Anacletus the pope, borne at Athenes, succeeded Clemente, putte in to exile ix. yere. Eusebius callethe this man Cletus,Eutropius. Cornelia, the most noble of virgynes vestalle, was taken in the synne of carnalle pleasure, wherefore sche was put in to therthe on lyve. Euaristus the pope succedede Anacletus x. yere, whiche ordeynede vij. diacones, whiche scholde kepe the byschoppe prechenge, for the movenge or writenge of errour, whiche myȝhte be imputede to hym of thenmyes of trawthe, and that he scholde not be despisede liȝhtely or hurte. Nerua, the meke prince, succedede Domi|cian, reignenge by oon yere; whiche reuokede and made voide the actes of Domician; wherefore mony men putte in to exile comme from hit, of whom Seynte Iohn Euangeliste was oon, whiche commenge from the yle callede Pathmos wente to
VULPIUS Crinitus Traianus, borne in Speyne, was emperour xix. yere. This emperour Traianus was liberalle amonge his frendes, besy in batelles, hauenge grete delectacion to repaire cites; whiche made tame the Danes, men of Scichia, Sarmates, men of Hiberia, men of Colchos, and of Arabye. Also he sette a fleete of schippes, or a nauy, in the Redde see, that he myȝhte ȝiffe batelle to the costes of Ynde; schewenge hym egalle to alle men, visitenge his frendes for cause of salutacion,of his, written above the line.ti yere in age myȝhte suffre suche peyne. Ignacius the bischop of Antiochia, and disciple of Seynte Iohn Euangeliste, brouȝhte to Rome, and taken to bestes, callede to helpe ofte the name of Ihesu in his peyne; the herte of whom was diuided after his dethe, in whiche or in euery parte
ti bookes of the story naturalle, notwith|stondenge the exercise of cheuallery, where in he laborede moche. In whiche bookes he dimencionate the worlde clerely with his contentes. Whiche goenge to serche the secrete causes of the grauelles whiche be in the region of the see Adriatike, betwene Ytaly and Grece, was seide to haue bene pressede to dethe with hepes of that grauelle. Sixtus, the pope succeeded Alexander, whiche was martiriȝate, allemoste a xj. yere; whiche ordeynede, "Sanctus, sanctus, sanctus" scholde be seide in the masse, and that the corporasse scholde not be of sandelle other of sylke, but of clene lynen clothe, not spottede, and that a woman scholde not towche theyme. And
Cassiodorus. This Traian themperour diede at Seleucia of the flix, in the lxiij. yere of his age; the bones of
ADRIANUS Helius, son of the sustyr of Traian, reignede xxj. yere and x. monethes. This Adrian was erudite in the langage of Grece and of Latyn, also whiche made a bibleunkowen, MS.ti dayes to be doen afore Ester, and that noo priste scholde synge masse afore thre of the clokke. Also he ordeynede that thre masses scholde be saide on Cristes day,men, Cx.ti., was in this tyme. Yginus the pope succedede Thelesforus iiij. yere. This pope made a statute that noo metropolitan scholde condempne a suffragan but in the audience and siȝhte of conprovincialles and other bis|choppes and suffraganes.
Antonius, the meke emperour, reignede with his sonnes Aurelius and Lucius, xxij. yere. This Antonius gate to hym this name, for he releyschede and forȝave alle his dettores theire
l enemyes. Faustina the doȝhter of this Antonius seenge men play with swerdes, hade so grete luffe to oon of theyme that sche began to wexe seke for luffe. Which schewenge that to Marcus Antonius here howsebonde, he askede cownsaile of leches of Caldee, whiche ȝafe cownsaileIeronimus de viris illustribus. Policarpus the bischop of Ephesus, and disciple of Seynte Iohn Evangeliste, come to Rome in the tyme of this Antonius, where he converte mony peple from heresy un to the feithe of Criste, and after that he
MARCUS Antonius and Lucius Comodus, the sonnes of An|tonius Pius, regnede after theire fader xviij. yere. These tweyne were coniuncte by consanguinite, thauȝhe thei werenot is evidently omitted.Gaufridus. Lucius, the son of Coillus, began to reigne in Briteyne abowte the firste of the reigne of Marcus Antonius. Gaufridus et Alfridus. Whiche sende letters to Eleutherius the pope, that they myȝhte receyve the feithe of Criste, whiche feithe of Criste receyvede, the Britones kepede un to the tymes of Dioclician themperour. Sother the pope succeded after Anicetus as ix. yere, whiche constitute that a myncheon scholde not towche the palles of the awter neither cense afore the awter, but that sche scholde use a wymple.
c. and xvj. yere, un to the tymes of Dioclician themperour, when Seynte Albane was martiriȝate.
LUCIUS COMODUS reignede after Marcus Antonius xiij. yere. This Comodus, ȝiffen to alle incommodite and luste of the flesche, causede mony senatores and Cristen men to be sleyne,Marianus, libro primo, capitulo tertio. For after the dethe of thapostoles un til then, men of Fraunce
the kalendes of Aprile, in what day that hit happede, after the firste tradicion. But, as the story of Eusebius rehersethe, men of the Este kepede Ester in what day the xiiij. moone of Marche happede. The pope Victor, and Narcius the patriarke of Ierusalem, were at this cownsayle, and Hireneus the bischoppe Lugdunense; where hit was ordeynede that Ester scholde be kepede in the Sonneday from the xiiij. moone of the firste monethe un to the xxjti moone inclusively. The ordinaunce of whom Theophilus Cesariense helpede moche. Theodocion the thrydde inter|pretator
Severus reignede after Iulian xvj. yere. This Severus was made emperour oonly of that cuntre of Affrike; whiche instructe in philosophye was made firste advocate of the kynges trea|sure, and so he come by diverse office that he was electe to be emperour; a grete sparer, whiche hade victory of men of Parthia and also of Araby, dienge and finischenge the laste daies of his lyfe at Yorke. Beda, libro primo, capitulo quinto. This emperoure governede thempire myȝhtely, but with gretelyti, ml passes from see to see, not of ston, as mony men sup|pose,
Gaufridus. Lucius the kynge off Britones dedde and beryede at Claudio|cestre, a discorde and debate were movede betwene the Britones and þe Romanes. Giraldus. The Britones electe Bassianus to be kynge, for cause his moder was a woman of Briteyne; and the Romanes electe Geta, in that a woman of Rome was moder to hym. Neverthelesse, these parties metenge in a con|flicte, Geta was sleyne. ℞. Eutropius rehersethe in his story
the interpretator was this tyme, a Samaritan of nativite, made as an aliaunte amonge the Iewes. Eusebius, libro sexto. Narcisus the bischop of Ierusalem was of grete lawde in this tyme, whom men sayde to be inflexible in iuggementes. Thre wickede men percey|vengeaȝenst] and accused, Cx.Eusebius, libro sexto. Seynte Leonides, the fader of Origenes, was martiriȝate at Alexandrye in the kalendes of Marche. Thexemple of whom Origenes intended to folowe, havenge xviij. yere in age, but he was reservede by the meane of his moder, thro divine dispensacion, to the utilite of moche
l volumes of the werkes of Origen, excepte epistoles. Of whom hit wasGiraldus. Origenes scholde have bene accomptede oon of the moste noble writers if that he hade avoyded erroures in so grete laboures. And lyke as alle poetes of Latyne folowedeIeronimus, epistola quadragesima prima. Where Origenes
l tretys in the chyrche. Also he made commentaryes as innumerable, whom he namede thomus. But peraventur a man wylle obiecte to us his erroures; what thauȝhe oon be viciate, God for bede that his notable werkes scholde be refusede þerfore. For oon booke of his is viciate specially, whiche is callede Periarchon, where he understondethe ylle of the Fader, wors of the Sonne, and wurste of the Holy Goste; where in he seithe Criste of his grete mercy to redeme the angeles þat felle from hevyn with Lucifer, applyenge to his purpose these wordes: "Non in perpetuum irascetur." Neverthelesse Origenes did penaunce þerfore,the translacion was founde abowte this tyme at Iherico, whiche is callede the commune translacion, the auctor of whom is not knowen; of the whiche translacion oure usualle psawter semethe to have beene taken, sithe we folowe the translacion of Seynte Ierome in oþer bookes of divine scripture. Damasus the pope causede the churche of Rome to folowe Seynte Ierome in his sawter.
BASSIANUS Antonius, the son of Severus, reignede after his fader as vij. yere. This Bassianus was callede Marcus Aurelius,
Galfridus et Alfridus. In the tyme of this emperour, a man of lawe bloode of Briteyne, Carausius by name, but prompte in cownsel, ob|teynede of the senate that he myȝhte kepe the costes of the see of Briteyn, whom men of Fraunce and Saxones grevede soore, whiche causede more grevaunce to the commune utilite then to the profite of hit. Wherefore he promisede the Britones that he wolde expelle the Romanes from theire costes so that thei wolde make hym kynge; whiche did sle Bassianus, and was governoure of that realme by vij. yere. For the Pictes, whom duke Fulgencius, broþer of the moder of Bassianus, hade brouȝhte from Sichia and other costes, corrupte thro the
Giraldus. Asclepiodotus the duke of Cornewaile was electe to be kynge for cause Allectus punyschede soore the Britones that supportede Carausius; wherefore Allectus was sleyne after the thridde yere of his reigne, with mony ml of the Romanes, by Asclepiodotus made kynge of Briteyne at the cite of London. Gaufridus. And Gallus, the felowe of Allectus, segede longe in London, was sleyne at a ryver of hit calle Gallebroke after his name. This Asclepiodotus reignede in Briteyne by mony yeres un to the tymes off
Eutropius. Opilius Macrinus reignede in thempire after Bassianus oon yere, sleyne with his sonne at Archelaides. Calixtus the pope succeded Zephirinus as v. yere; whiche ordeynede the observaunce of iiij. tymes for the grete habundaunce of frutes; whiche made a seyntuary in the cite of Rome, in the way callede Via Appia, to bery the bodies of martires, whiche is callede now the wey of Calixtus. Marcus
AURELIUS Alexander was made emperour xiij. yere; whiche was so grete a corrector of his peple that he wolde expelle from hym diverse legiones grucchenge holly; whiche was sleyne at Nicapolis in Palestyne.Martinus. Urbanus the pope succeded Calixtus putte to dethe by Alexander themperour, callede Urbanus primus, by viij. yere; whiche ordeynede that the oblaciones of trewe peple sholde not be convertede otherwise then in to the uses of the churche and to the indigence of the breþer, in that thei be þe promisses of trewe peple and the price of synnes. The churche of Rome began firste to have posses|siones in his tymes, of the proventus of whom Urbanus the pope
l virgines whom hade baptiȝede alle|moste. For the cardinalles supposede that he hade goen with theyme for the pleasure of the flesche, and to-lefte his benefice for the luffe of theyme, whiche was martiriȝate with those virgynes afterwarde, as hit is expressede in the legendes of theyme. Maximus Iulius reignede after the dethe of Aurelius,ti yere un to the tyme and commenge of Constantyne.
PHILIPPUS, with Philippe his sonne, was emperour the spaceEutropius. The ml yere from the edifienge of the cite of Rome was complete in the iiijthe yere of his reigne; wherefore he made solenne thynges, and did sle bestes as innumerable, makenge disportes and playes in a grete felde by iij. daies and iii. nyȝhtes contynually. Fabianus the pope suffrede dethe under Decius consul, whom Cornelius succedede iij. yere; whiche ordeynede that an othe scholde not be re|quirede of the hie pristes but for the ryȝhte feithe of Criste, and that a preste scholde not committe his cause to the iugge|mente of other peple afore that he have appellede to the cowrte of Rome. This pope causede the blissede relikes of Seyntes Petyr and Paule to be taken from theire beryalles at the desire of Seynte Lucina, and the body of Seynte Paule to be sette in
DECIUS Orosti yere of his age.
VALERIANUS, with Galienus his sonne, reignede xv. yere. This emperoure hade seyntes in so grete reverence that his
AURELIUS, borne in Denmarke, was emperour v. yere and certeyne monethes; like to grete Alexander or to Iulius Cesar,
Giraldus et Alfridus. Constancius was sende from Rome to Briteyne abowte this tyme to subdue Coelus kynge of that cuntre, and to receyve a tribute denyede to be payede. But Coelus dedde, after a monethe of the commenge of Constancius to Briteyne, Con|stancius
DIOCLICIANUS, the sonne of Dalmata the scribe, of a con|sulleti yere. Whiche did
Eutropius. This Dioclician perceyvenge batelles to be movede ageyne hym, toke a felowe to hym, Herculeus Maximianus by name, to governe thempire with hym, a man of grete crudelite, schewenge his scharpenesse by the ferefulle chere and contynaunce of hym. Neverthelesse Dioclician made hym firste Cesar, and after that an emperour; whiche
xx bischoppes, clothede with an hairti daies openly in the hie way, Seynte Petyr apperede in the nyȝhte to a preste callede Marcellus, whiche was successor to Marcellinus, seyenge in this wise, "Marcellus, why dothe thow not bery my body," understondenge by that the body of Marcellinus; "Hase þow not redde that every man makenge meke hym selfe schalle be exaltede; þerfore bery him by me, that sepulture may not divide theyme whom the same grace
l passes. Martinus. Marcellus the pope succeded Marcellinus, after that the seete hade bene vacante by mony dayes; whiche con|tynuede in that office by v. yere. This pope ordeynede xv. places for so mony cardinalles, for the ministracion of baptym and of beryenge. Maximian themperour compellede this pope to kepe bestes, for cause that he wolde not do sacrifice to ydoles, but hit isut supra.the yere of grete Constantyne; whiche was seide to have bene so grete that the churches destroyede, and the bokes of the lawe of God brente, xvij. ml martirs suffrede dethe thro diverse places of the worlde within the space of oon monethe. In whiche tyme the noble martirs folowenge suffrede dethe: Pancracius, Primus, Feli|cianus, Sebastianus, Felix, Adauctus, vij. breþer with Beatrice theire moder, Quatuor coronati, Grisogonus, Vincente, George,
Beda, libro primo, capitulo septimo. Seynte Alban suffrede dethe þat tyme in Englonde.Item Beda, capitulo octavo.
not] sic in MS.Beda, libro primo, capitulo octavo. In whiche tyme Constancius diede at Briteyne at the cite of Yorke, levenge after hym Constantyne his firste son, geten of Helena, makenge hym kynge off Briteyne and of Fraunce in the xiij. yere of the reigne of Constancius.
CONSTANTINE doynge grete actes of chevallery, the knyȝhtesti yere; whiche made clene Constantyne themperour of a grete lepre in baptisenge hym, and delyverede the cite of Rome from the pestilence of a dragon, areysenge a dedde bulle to lyfe thro his preyer, and confusede the Iewes in disputacions. Whiche kepede the firste grete cownsayle of Nicene, of ccc. and xviij. bischoppes; havenge the names of
the fery, the vjthe fery, and on Seturday, willenge Thirsday to be haloed as the Sonneday, for that cause that Criste ordeynede and institute the blessed sacramente of his body, ascendenge to hevyn also on a Thursday, and in that holy creme was made and blessede on a Thursday. Giraldus, distinctio prima. Constantyne makenge haste to ȝiffe batelle ageyne Maxencius, the vijthe yere of his reigne, se in his slepe in the firmamente a signe of the crosse schynynge with briȝhtenesse excellente, and angelles assistenge, and seyenge, "Constantyne, thoy|canata;" that is to say, "Thow schalle have victory by this signe;" whiche awakenge and arysenge causede the signe of the crosse to be peyntede in þe baners of his knyȝhtes.
Gaufridus etAlfridus. Constantyne returnenge from Briteyne to thempyre, a duke of the Gewiseyes, Octavius by name, entrede in to the realme of Briteyne; wherefore Constantyne sende to Ynglonde or Briteyne Traerhn,Giraldus, distinctio prima. Constantyne was smyten and infecte with a grete lepre after that he hade victory of Maxencius. ℞. Somme men wille
Giraldus, ubi supra. Thre ml yonge childer were brouȝhte to Constan|tyne that he myȝhte be bathede in the bloode of theyme, after the cownesayle of the senators and of the gentile bischoppes. Then Constantyne beholdenge the moders of the childerDe Legenda Silvestri. "Then how cruelle is hit to us to do to oure awne childer þat we be prohibite to do to other. What profitethe hit to have victory of men
the parte of alle his possessions to churches. Whiche toke also a mattoke in his honde firste to repaire the churche of Seynte Petyr, and bare
Giraldus, ubi supra. The churche of Rome made ryche by Constantyne, began to be of lesse devocion, and the peple usede more to pride then they were afore. For hit is seide that this graunte and ȝifte made to þe churche by Constantyne, the enemy to mankynde seide in the aiere, "Poyson is infusede this day in to the churche of God." Wherefore Seynte Ierom writethe in vitis patrum that the churche decreasede in vertues sethe hit encreasede in possessiones. Also themperour made a churche in to the honoure of Seynte Iohn Evangeliste in the palice Lateranense, in whom he made a fonte or baptistery of a ston prophiritike onournede withyn with silvyr, in the myddes of whom was a piller berenge a cruette of golde with bawme
In Legenda Silvestri. Silvester dedicate that churche in the ixthe day of November; in whiche day an ymage of oure Savioure apperede in the walle of hitti grete clerkes of the Iewes, whom Seynte Silvester with other trewe clerkes of Criste mette. At the laste a certeyne of the Iewes and of the gentiles electe to dispute were convicte by Silvester. After longe disputacion hade, oon of the Iewes rehersede certeyne wordes in the eer of a wilde bulle, where thro he diede anoon; wherefore a grete multitude of peple cryede and holdede ageyne the feythe of Silvester. To whom Silvester seide that he rehersede not the name of God, that may brynge to dethe and restore hit ageyne to lyfe, as David rehersethe in the person of Criste, "I schalle sle, and y schalle make whicke and to lyve the thynge that is dedde." But he expressede oonly the name of a develle, whose powere is oonly to peresche and to sle, and that by the permission of God; for to slee and not to restore to lyfe is lyke to the powere of lyones and of wulfes and of oþer bestes. "Wherefore if he
the in to the see Adriatyke, whiche was un tylle that tyme the devourer and sqwalowe of schippes sayl|enge in hit; from that tyme the feste of the invention of theGiraldus, ubi supra. There were thre patriarkes oonly in theEusebius in Historia Ecclesiastica, libro decimo. Constantyne themperour ȝafe grete reverence and honoure to prestes, wherefore he commaunded a cownesayle to be kepede at Nicene, by the cownesayle of Seynte Silvester, that the feithe ofti daies, whiche began afore in the viij. idus of Ianuary unto the xv. kalendes of Marche, scholde begynne and endure after the maner and consuetude usede nowe, and that for iij. causes. The firste cause that oure faste myȝhte be cowplede to the passion of Criste. The secunde cause was that peple myȝhte
ti chapitres made commune in the cownsayle Nicene, in whiche epistole þe seide Attanasius, bischoppe of Alexandria, knowlegede the bookes of
the Psalme, seithe Constantyne to have bene of grete merite afore God. Also Isidorus in his cronicles seythe that he hade
the day of the monethe of May.
CONSTANTIUS, the sonne of noble Constantyne, reignede with his breder Constantyne and Constante or Constans, after the dethe of his fader, xxvjti yere. Whiche infecte withEusebius in historia ecclesiastica, libro un|decimo. Grete persecucion was movede that tyme ageyne Atta|nasius, whiche hade a disciple callede Arsenius, whiche dredenge his maister for certeyne offenses that he hade doen, fledde from hym. The enemyes of Attanasius perceyvenge that,
l lxxxviij. Liberius the pope succeeded Iulius xix. yere, putte iij. yere in to exile, in that he wolde not favour the heresy of Arrius, by þe cownsayle of whom the clergy ordeynede an other pope, Felix by name. This pope Felix kepede a cownesayle of xlviijti bischoppes, in whom he
the yere of his age. Seynte Hillary, bischoppe Pictavense, was put to Frigia in to exile, by the laboure of the bischoppe Arelatense, infecte with the errour of Arrius, where he made noble bookes of the feithe of Criste. A cownsayle was kepede at Seleucia in Ysauria, where a libelle porrecte to Constancius, whom Hillarius hade made, the seide Hilliarius was suffrede to go to
Martinus. Hit is seide that Leo the pope, infecte with heresy, scholde have seide to this Hillarius, in a cownesayle of bischoppes, "Thow arte a cocke, but not a henne." And this Hillarius scholde have answerede in this wyse, "Thou arte a lyon, but not of the tribe of Iuda."
IULIANUS thapostata, made emperour of a Cesar after the dethe of Constancius, reignenge as ij. yere, under whom Pig|meus the preste, somme tyme maister to him, Iohn and Paule suffrede dethe and also Quiriacus, other Iudas, þe bischoppe of Ierusalem, in that he founde the crosse of Criste. ℞. Hit is redde of this Iulian in the xjthe booke of the story tripar|tite,
VALENTINIANUS, with Valens his brother, was emperour a xj. yere. This emperour was a man of grete curtesy, whiche saide to þe Romanes, willenge that he scholde have a felowe to governe thempire, in this wise: "O ye knyȝhtes, hit was in your power to ȝiffe me thempire, and sithe y am emperour, hit longethe to me to provide for þe commune utilite." Never|thelesse he made his broþer felowe to hym of thempire, whiche hade victory of the Sarmates and of the Saxones. Gracianus, his fader, was callede Funarius, in that v. knyȝhtes cowthe not take a roope owte of his honde, whom he brouȝhte to selle, wherefore he was made a knyȝhte. In the tyme of this em|perour
ta interpretatores, usede in alle churches alle moste un til þat tyme, whiche translacion viciate, Seynte Ierom did trans|late hit ageyne. Seynte Hillarius, the bischop Pictavense,
the yere of his age, herenge this texte, "That thynge is possible anendes Godde whiche is impossible to man," ȝafe hym abowte the illuminacion of his mynde,ti yere. Grete Basilius, andti yere. Also ij. Macharies, oon of Egipte þat oþer of Alexan|dria, bothe noble men of abstinence and of doctryne, a woman accusenge oon of theyme, seyenge that he hade geten her withti yere in the palice of Theodosius the senior, and after that lvti yere in wildernesse. Paphnucius þabbotte, indu|enge hym in a seculer habite, convertede Thaisis, a commune woman. This man preide thryes to Allemyȝhty Godde that he myȝhte have knowlege to whom he was lyke, whiche wolde not see his moder in this worlde, that he myȝhte see here rather in hevyn. Agatho thabbotte bare a ston iij. yere in
GRACIANUS reignenge firste with Valentinianus his fader,
Beda, libro quarto, capitulo nono. This Gracianus seenge the state of the commune utilite allemoste destroyede, made Theodosius gover|noure of thempire of theste, whiche hade victory ageyne menti bischoppes was hade at Con|stantynopole, by Damasus the pope, ageyne Macedonus the heretike, whiche denyede the Holy Goste to be God, whicheti bischoppes for the feithe of
Alfridus et Gau|fridus. Octavius kynge of Britones, wexenge olde, desirede a senator of Rome, son of þe doȝhter of Helena, Maximus by name, to take the realme of Briteyne with his doȝhter. Then Conanus, son to the kynges doȝhter, whiche scholde receyve that realme, havenge indignacion þerof, ȝafe batelle oftetymes to Maximus. Whiche acordede at the laste, toke theire hostes with theym, and expugnede the province of Ar|moryke. Eutropius et Beda, libro primo, capitulo nono. This Maximus, a man of grete myȝhte, doynge ageyne his promisse, thro sedicion off knyȝhtes made governour of Briteyne, wente to Fraunce and un to Germanye subduenge theyme by soore batelles, did sle Gracianus themperour at Lugdune as sodenly, and chasede Valentinianus, his brother from Ytaly. Whiche
Gaufridus et Alfridus. Conanus the duke off Armorica, despisenge the weddenges of women of Fraunce, sende to Dinotus, kynge of Cornewayle, for women to be mariede to his peple. Whiche sende to hym Ursula hisl virgynes, of whom somme were drownede thro grete tempestes, and somme schippes londede amonge nacions of barbre, and mony of theyme were sleyne by
THEODOSIUS, the son of Gracianus, reignede with Valenti|nianus his uncle, after the dethe of his fader, a xj. yere; the
Historia tripartita. This Theodosius usede armes in the day, and to discusse the necessites of his subiectes, and attendaunce to study in nyȝhtes. This emperour was likenede to Traian, mylde and meke to alle men and to God, declinede soone to wrathe. Wherefore he was tauȝhte by a philosophre, that he felynge hym trowblede with a passion of wrathe scholde say xxiiij. letters softely, or that he did eny correccion, that the passion myȝhte avoide in that space. This Theodosius entrenge the qwhere of clarkes at Mediolanus to here masse, was prohibite to entre in to hit by Seynte Ambrose, un til that
ti knyȝhtes whom he putte to dethe in hastynesse at Constantinopole. Wherefore themperour doynge penaunce, made a statute that the sentence of princes doen and made on people scholde be differrede un to þe xxxti day by the executors. Victor, sonne of Maximus the tyraunte, was sleyne of Arbogastes. A childe was borne in the castelle Emaus abowte this tyme, dividedMartinus. Anastasius the pope succedede Siricius v. yere, whiche ordeynede that a man viciate of body scholde not receyve ordres, and that peple scholde stonde when the gospelle scholde be redde. Beda, libro primo, capitulo xo. Pelagius movede his heresy abowte this tyme, thro helpe of
HONORIUS reignede with Theodosius son of his brother, after the dethe of Archadius, xv. yere. This emperoure was a man of grete mekenesse, whiche rebukede of his knyȝhtes in that he did not slee men rebellenge to hym, answerede in this maner, seyenge, "Wolde God that hit were possible to me to restore dedde men to lyfe." Eutropius, libro nonodecimo. The hoste of the Gothes was sleyne in Tuscia, and Ragadaisus the governour of theym taken, whiche come with ij. ml Gothes, makenge a promyse to do sacrifice to his goddes, in whiche
Paulus, libro ij. And so Rome was taken of the Gothys andl c. lxiiij. yere from the edificacion of hit. From whicheti yere. Eutropius. Alaricus departede from the cite of Rome in the thrydde day after that he had entrede in to hit, wastenge þe provinces nye to hit, whiche goenge to Cicille, diede soone. Wherefore the Gothes returnenge thro grete laboure the waterthe yere of his bischoppehode. In the iiijthe yere of whom, thro helpe of Theodosius themperour, and of Cirillus the
THEODOSIUS the yonger, and sonne of Archadius, reignede with Valentinianus his son in lawe xxvj. yere. In the tyme of whom the realme of Fraunce began to have name under Fera|mundus the sonne of Marcomirus, as hit is schewede afore, libro primo, capitulo Gallia. Theodosius understondynge of the dethe of Honorius his uncle, made Valentinianus son of Galla Placida, his frende, a Cesar, whom he sende to governe the Weste with Galla Placida his moder. They tweyne hade victory of oon noble man callede Iohn, whiche trowblede that cuntre soore, lyfe grauntede to Aecius, a noble knyȝhte, in that the Hunes were returnede, whiche hade intendede to have destroyede the weste partes of thempire. That Bonefacius aforeseide perceyvenge that he myȝhte not kepe Affrike ageyne
ti yere, þauȝhe he ȝafe grete batelles in Speyne in the meane tyme, and ageyne men ofthe yere of his reigne, and callede
ti yere. After whom Hildericus his sonne, geten of the doȝhter of Valentinianus, reignede viij. yere, whom Gilomaurus the tiraunte expulsede from his realme, and reignede in Affrica for hym thre yere; and so þer were a c. yere from the begynnenge of the Wan|dalicalle persecucion begunne by Gisericus un to the goenge owte of theyme from Affrike. Sixtus the pope succeeded Celestinus ix. yere. ℞. In the tyme of whom blessede Maximus, the bischop Cavernense, a man of excellente con|nynge, made an omely of martirs, which begynnethe, "Religi|osa caritate miratur," as Genadius rehersethe. Cassiodorus the senator flowrede this tyme, whiche expownede the psawter, and made a cronicle of bischoppes and of emperours. Also Orosius Hispanus was of grete name this tyme, whiche com|mynge to Rome after the dethe of Seynte Austyn his maister, made vij. bookes of the misery of the worlde. In whiche tyme
ti yere. This pope was of soe grete devocion that he wolde say masse v. tymes or moo in a day. A woman kyssenge his honde on a Ester day, the pope was movede so soore in to temptacion, that he kytte aweye his ryȝhte honde in vengeaunce þere off. At the laste the peple grucchenge
c. andti bischoppes hade at Calcedonia, in the tyme of this pope and of the prince Marcianus, ageyne Euticen thabbot of Constantinopole, and ageyne Dioscorus the bischoppe Alexan|dryne,ti dayes, preyenge Seynte Petyr that he wolde correcte if eny thynge were to be correcte in hyt; and so hit was. This pope Leo faste an oþerti dayes, preyenge Seynte Petyr to purchase to hym forȝiffenes of his synnes. To whom Seynte Petyr apperengeEutropius. Athila, kynge of the Hunes, govern|engel men, whiche supportede by peple subduede to hym, wente to Alvernia ageyne the Romanes and allemoste alle the Weste; a man borne to the confuscion of moche peple, luffer of batelles, and a discrete man in cownesayle. Valentinianus intendenge to ȝiffe batelle to hym, sende an epistole to the Gothes in this sentence: "Hit longethe your prudence to con|spire ageyne the tiraunte of the worlde, whiche desirethe the generalle servyce of the worlde; whiche requirethe not causes of batelle, supposenge that thynge to be lawefulle that is to his pleasure. Withowte dowte he deservethe the hate of alle men, that makethe hym selfe voluntaryly an enemy to alle men." The Gothes did write to Valentinia|nus in thys wise: "Ye have made Athila youre enemy, ye have your desire." The hostes mette to gedre at Alvernia in the feldes Cathalamite, whiche conteynethe a c. lewkes in lengthe
ti in latitude. A soore batelle was made þer, noon suche seen afore by eny man, in so moche þat a clxxx. ml men sleyne of bothe partes, a grete ryver of bloode was made þer of, in so moche that hit toke with hit a grete multitude of dedde men. The kynge off Burguyne and the kynge of Gothes were sleyne of the parte of the Romanes. Eutropius, libro nono. Athila devicte returnede to Pannonia that he myȝhte gedre a gretter hoste. ℞. Hit is redde in the life of Seynte Ger|manus that Athila trowblenge Fraunce soore, segede that cite Tricasyne where blissede Lupus was presidente that tyme. This blissede man Lupus ascendynge the ȝate of the cite segede, inquirede what man hit scholde be that trowblede the cite soe. To whom Attila seide, "I am Attila the rodde of God." The bischoppe seide, "And y am a wulfe, waster of the flocke of God, nedynge correccion;" whiche openenge the ȝates, theire enemyes were made blynde by the myȝhte
Eutropius, libro quarto decimo, et Beda, libro primo, capitulo tertio decimo. The peple that were lefte of the Britones sende the thrydde tyme an epistole to Aecius the noble knyȝhte in this forme: "To Aecius the nobleGau|fridus et Beda ubi supra. A grete hungre was that tymeGaufridus et Alfridus. A cownesaile hade amongeinstrute, MS.the yere of his reigne thro treason of a Picte beynge in servyce with hym, Vortigernus a consul of the Gewiseies, intendenge to reigne, toke Constans the monke from Wyn|chestre,
MARCIANUS marienge the sustir of Theodosius was em|perourGalfridus et Alfridus. This Vortigernus dredde soore the Pictes, whom he hade offendede late, dredenge of that other parte þe commynge of Aurelius Ambrosius, whom he hade herde to have made redy a grete fleete of schippes. Wherefore he desirede helpe of the Saxons, myȝhty men in batelle. Beda, libro primo, capitulo quinto. The Saxones, myȝhty men in batelle, and vagaunte as for habitacion, desirede of the Britones, comme to Briteyne, takenge with theyme thre grete schippes replete with men, takenge a place to inhabite in the este parte of hit, at an yle callede Thanates, nye to Kente, as to fiȝhte for that cuntre, but raþer to expugne hit. Willelmus de Regibus. Alle the grownde that lyethe over the occean in to Briteyne under the northe pole is callede Germannia, in that hit bryngethe furthe soe mony peple. And lyke as peple be wonte to kytte voide
the day in the weke after Woden, and the vjthe day after Free his wyfe.
Beda, libro primo, capitulo quinto decimo. There comme to Ynglonde or Briteyne thre myȝhty peple of Germany, as Saxons, Englische men, and Iutes. The men of the costes of Cawnterbery and of the yle of Wiȝhte come of the Iutes, and peple beynge ageyne the yle of Wiȝhte. And men of theHenricus, libro 2o. That peple commyn to Briteyne did slee mony of theire enemyes, whiche were commyn to Stanforde, xlti myle from
Gaufridus. Vortigernus havynge victory thro helpe of Saxons, ȝafe to Hengistus a certeyne grownde in Lyndesey, where he made a castelle callede by Englische men Thwangcastre, whiche sowndethe as the castelle of a thwange, in that so moche space was grauntede to hym as myȝhte be compassede with oon thwange. Wherefore Hengistus causede the skynne of a grete bulle to be made in oon thwange, where with he compassede that grownde. Beda, libro primo, capitulo quinto decimo. The plentuousenesse of Briteyne, and feble|nesse of inhabitators in hit, knowen in Germany, a gretter company was sende to encrease the nowmbre afore seide sende from þens, whiche make promyse to ȝiffe batelle and to fiȝhte for the cuntre, the Britones ȝiffenge to þeim meyte and wages. Willelmus de Regibus, libro primo. The Saxones commyngeGaufridus et Alfridus. This wed|denge halowede, Vortigernus refusede his lawefulle wife, by whom he hade getyn iij. noble childer, Vortumerus, Categirnus, and Pascencius. Beda, libro primo, capitulo quinto decimo. The Saxons havenge helpe of the Pictes, whom they hade overcommen afore, began to move battelle ageyne the Britones, desirenge moore exhibicion and grownde; that denyede, the Saxons destroyede or wastede the cuntre, and did sle the bischoppes with the peple in hit. Gaufridus et Alfridus. The Britones oppressede with a multitude of Saxons, movede the kynge to leve Saxones, whiche not fyllynge the desire of
Wilielmus de Regibus, libro primo. Whiche fauȝhte ageyne Englische men after the vijthe yere folowenge that promyse made with the Pictes, oftetymes in liȝhte batelles, and v. tymes in soore batelles with alle theire powers. Hen|ricus et Gaufridus. The firste batelle was on the water callede Derwente. The secunde at Epiforde, where Horsus and Categirnus woundede either other soore. The þridde batelle was doen thro the helpe of Seynte German cryenge thre tymes "Allelulia," where thro the Saxons were putte to fliȝhte. The iiijthe batelle was at the syde of the see, where the Saxons fledde to the yle callede Thanette. These batelles
ti yere. Gaufri|dus et Alfridus. Vortumerus dedde, Vortigernus was re|storede ageyne to the realme, wherefore a convencion of pease was made by Briteynes and Saxones metenge nye to a mo|nastery of Ambre as to trete for pease. Where Hengistus usenge newe treason, commaundede the peple commynge thider with hym to drawe cultres and weppyn putte prively in theire hoose, and to sle the Britones, when that he scholde say in this wyse, in Englische, "Nymethe your sexis;" and soe thei did. But Eldolde the duke of Claudiocestre, takenge ati of the Saxones with hit. But the Saxones not suffrenge the
o, that Vortigernus hade carnalle knowlege of his awne doȝhter for truste of regalle succession, and gate a sonne by here. Wherefore he, cursede of Seynte German and of alle the cumpanye of prestes, fledde to the weste parte of Wales. Also
VALENTINIANUS themperour, þe tyme of whom is ascribed to the tymes of Theodosius and of Marcianus, dredenge Aecius the victorious knyȝhte, causede hym to be sleyne at Cartago, with whom the fortune of the Weste pereschede. The seide Valentinianus was sleyne by the frendes of Aecius in the feldes of Marcius the same year. Maximus, a dowble consul, was made emperour in the day folowenge, the xiij. kalendes of Aprile, whiche understondenge the Wandalynges to comme from Affrike in to thempire, disposede hym to flee. Wherefore he was taken by the knyȝhtes of Valentinianus and torne membre from membre, and caste in to the water of Tiber. Then Leo the pope metynge Gisericus or he come to the cite, con|descende that fire avoidede and dethe he scholde take his pray. Wherefore he sparenge fire and dethe of peple, toke the
Marianus, libro secundo. Horsus and Hengistus fauȝhte ageyne the Britons in the vthe yere of Marcianus, in a place Aeglisthorpe, where Horsus and Categirnus felle bothe togedre, but Hengis|tus hade the victory. Beda, libro primo, capitulo septimo decimo. The feithe of Britons was decreasede moche in þose
Marianus, libro vicesimo primo. Leo the emperour reignede after Mar|cianus xvij. yere; in the firste yere of whom Vortumerus the son of Vortigernus diede, and Hengistus with Osca his sonne, gedrenge the Saxons fledde from hym, fauȝhte soore ageyne thel of theyme with iiij. dukes, and chasede other men inhabitenge the costes of Kente un to London; whiche peple returnede not after that to theire cuntre. For Horsus his broþer, and Categirnus were sleyne
the yere of the commynge of Saxones in to Eng|londe, where Hengistus reignede afterwarde xxiiijti yere. The heresy of the Acephales was spronge, whiche impugnede the cownesayle Calcedonense, callede Acephali as withowte an hedde, in that þe auctor of that heresy was not knowen. Hillarius the pope succeeded Leo oon yere. Hengistus and Osca his soone did slee xij. dukes of the Britons with mony oþer, oon man of theire parte sleyne, Wippet by name, where|fore the place of þat fiȝhte was callede Wippehisflete, as the swymmynge place of Wipette. Simplicius the pope succeedede Hillarius xv. yere, whiche ordeynede that noo clerke scholde receyve investiture of his benefice or office of the honde of a seculer lay man.
ZENO themperour reignede after Leo xvij. yere. In the tyme of whom Childericus, the iiijthe kynge of Fraunce, diede, whom Clodoneus other Lodowicus succeded, and reignede xxxti yere. This kynge Lodowicus, in the xv. yere of his reigne, intendynge to ȝiffe batelle to an hoste of the Alle|mannes beynge as innumerable, beholdenge in to hevyn seide, "O Lorde Ihesu Criste, whom my wife honourethe, if thow grawnte to me the victory this day, y schalle be baptized;" and therewith his enemyes fledde. Wherefore that kynge Lodowicus was baptizede on Ester day, with iij. ml men, and with his ij. sustyrs, of blissede Remigius bischop Remense, whiche havynge noo holy creame, a dove come from hevyn havenge a cruette conteynenge creame in her mowthe, with whiche creame the bischoppe noyntede the kynge. That cruette is kepede in the churche Remense, of the whiche creame kynges in Fraunce be noyntede. This kynge goyenge afterHenricus, libro secundo. Elle and his þre sonnes, Symenpletyngeti yere of the
Henricus, libro quinto. Andresleg is a grete woode in þe sowthe parte of Kente, nye to the haven of Lymene, havenge xlti myles inti myles in brodenesse. Felix the pope suc|ceded Simplicius viij. yere. And the body of Seynte Barna|bas, the firste bischoppe Mediolanense, was founde this tyme, in a place or beryalle where Iohn his disciple did hide hit, with the gospelle of Seynte Mathewe, whom he did write with his awne honde. Willelmus de Regibus, libro jo. Hen|gistus diedethis tyme in Kente, governenge as welle thro disseyte as by myȝhte, levenge after hym Osca his sonne, reignenge xxiiijti yere, defendenge his cuntre rather then encreasynge
Eutropius, libro decimo quarto. Aurelius Ambrosius beynge in Briteyne, was induede with purpulle in tyme of this Zeno themperour, havenge victory oftetymes of the Saxons; and after that, now the oon hade victory, and that other parte on oþer tyme, un tille the Saxons encreasede gretely, occupiede alle the yle of Briteyne. Blissede Mam|mertus, bischope Viennense, ordeynede solenne letanyes callede rogacions abowte this tyme, ageyne movenges of therthe, tempestes and incourses of bestes destroyenge moche peple that tyme, namede the lesse letanye, to the difference of the moore letany, whom Seynte Gregory ordeynede to be seide or songe in the day off Seynte Marke. Paulus, libro primo. Agrimundus, kynge of Longobardes, goynge abowte this tyme
ANASTASIUS was emperour xxvijti yere; in the firste yere of whom Seynte Patrikke, the firste archebischoppe of Yrlonde, diede in the c. and xxijti yere of his age, Aurelius Am|brosius reignynge that tyme at Briteyne. Giraldus in Topo|graphia. The contemporanyes of whom were Columba
ti yere after the dethe of Seynte Paterikke. These thre were beryede in Ulster, as in a threfolde beryalle, in the cite Dunense; the bodies of whom were founde firste in Yrlonde in the firste yere of the commynge of lorde Iohn, son of kynge Henry the secunde, in to that cuntre. In the towmbe of whom these versus were wryten:—"Hii tres inunto, but it is erased.e and lti yere of oure Lorde God; of whom the martiloge expressethe that he levynge the rebellous peple of Irlonde come to þe monastery of Glassynbery, where he diede in the feste of Seynte Bartholomewe þapostelle. Gelasius the pope succeded Felix v. yere, whiche ordeynede that ordres scholde be ȝiffen inc. yere xcij. of Criste. The realme of the Ynglische men of the esteBeda, libro primo, capitulo sexto decimo. A grete murdre of Saxons was made in this yere by Aurelius Ambro|sius
ti yere of the commynge of Ynglysche men in to Briteyne. Henricus, libro secundo. Too dukes of the Saxons, Cerdicus and Kyn|ricus his sonne, comme to Briteyne with v. schippes in thys yere, londenge at Cerdichesore, callede now Gernemowthe. Seynte Leonarde was borne this tyme, whom Clodoneus kyngeti yere of his age; after that he, made the bischop Remense, was seide to have bene of soe grete mekenesse that wilde sparowes wolde comme and take meyte of his honde. Henricus. Porth londede in this tyme at Portesmowthe with his ij. sonnes, where he did slee a noble yonge Briton, Natanleod by name, with mony other moo. Lotharius kynge of Fraunce succeded Clodoneus his fader lj. yere; in whose tyme Ambrosius Aurelius dedde at Briteyne, Uter Pendragon his broþer was his successor. ℞. Whiche brouȝhte from Yrlonde the stones beynge nowe at the playne of Salisbery, and callede Stanhenges, thro helpe of Merlinus the prophete, after the story of Briteyne, and if hit be lawefulle to ȝiffe credence þerto, where kynge Arthur was crownede. This Uter did sle Pascencius the son of
l and lx.li., levenge hit at the churche of Seynte Petyr; whiche sende letters to Ana|stasius themperour, favorynge the errour of Euticen, that he scholde amende and do penaunce for that offense. To whom themperour did write ageyne, seyenge, "We wylle commaunde, and not be commaundid." Wherefore that emperour com|passede with his enemys was sleyne with the liȝhtenge. Osca the son of Hengistus dedde, Occa his son succeded in Kente,
ti. yere. Marianus, libro secundo. Iordanus the bischoppe was in this tyme, whiche made a cronicle.
IUSTINUS the senior, after Bede, reignede viij. yere, and after oþer men x. yere; whiche revokede from exile mony bischopes whom Anastasius hade putte to exile, thro þe preyer of Hormisda. Henricus, libro secundo. The realme of theti noble songes comicalle, excepte þese bookes whom he made in the vij. artes. Amonge whom, "O amor Deus deitas" dothe precelle. Also his wife, Elpes by name, doȝhter of the kynge of Sicille, made an ympne in the honoure off Petyr and ofof and, MS., the of being slightly erased.
IUSTINIANUS, son of the suster of Iustinus, was emperour xxxviijti yere, whiche coartede the lawes of the Romanes,
l bookes and iij. c. ml versus, as is prolixe dissonaunce within oon volume of xij. bookes, whiche booke he callede Iustinianus. Also he made þe digeste, dividynge hyt in thre volumes. This Iustinianus did mony batelles, what by hym selfe and what by Bilisiarchus hys duke. Neverthelesse he did mony cruelle thynges, by cownsaile of Theodora thempresse puttenge Silverius the pope in to exile. ℞. Bonefacius the pope succedede Felix ij. yere; whiche made a constitucion that clerkes scholde be departede from lay men in tyme of masse, and also that the pope scholde electe his successor; whiche chosenge a man to be his successor, and founde unworthy, brente that statute afore alle þe cleregy. Iohn the pope, other Mercurius, succeded Bonefacius not oon yere complete. This pope kepede the vthe holy seeneHenricus, libro secundo. Noble Arthur havynge xviij. yere in age, did aryse amonge the Britons in this yere, whiche was the xthe yere of Cerdicus kynge of Weste Saxons; whiche hade victory xij. tymes ageyne the Saxons; in the firste tyme on the water of Glene, and iiij. tymes on the water callede Duglas, whiche is in þe region of Inees. ℞. That water is callyde nowe in Ynglische Duggles, whiche rennethe by the cite of Wigan, beynge from the water callede Mersee x. myle, in Lancastreschire. Henricus. Also in the vjthe tyme, nye a water callede Bassa. In the vijthe tyme, nye to Lincolne, in a woode callede Celidon, and in the langage of Britons Caercoyt Celidon. In the ixthe tyme at the cyte Caerlegion. In the
the tyme in the mownte Badon. Willelmus de Regibus, libro primo. This is Arthur of whom the iapes of Britons discorde, whom tru storyes scholde expresse, and not false storyes, whiche scholde helpe the Britons as destroyede, puttenge to fliȝhte hym selfe allon ix.c. Saxones at the sege of the mownte Badon. ℞. Neverthelesse hit is redde that Cerdicus havenge mony conflictes with Arthur, overcommyn in oon tyme, apperede more myȝhty in the secunde tyme to batelle. And at the laste this Arthur made wery in batelle, abowte the xxvjti yere of the commynge of Cerdicus in to Briteyne, promisenge fidelite to Arthur, ȝafe to Cerdicus Hampteschire and Somer|seteschire, whiche parte he callede Westesex. Also hit is redde in the cronicles of Ynglysche men that Mordredus, son of the
l c. and lxxx., in the tyme of kynge Henry the secunde, and translate or brouȝte to the churche, as Giraldus rehersethe, "distinctione prima, capitulo decimo octavo," whiche lyvede in that tyme, and towchede the boones of Arthur. Mony men mervayle of this Arthur, whom Gaufride
ti realmes. And if he subduede to hym the kynge of Fraunce, and did sle Lucius the proctor of Rome at Ytaly, þen hit is mervayle þat croniclers of Rome, of Fraunce, and of the Saxons, scholde not have expressede of so noble a prince in theire storyes, whiche expressede litelle thynges of lawe men of degre. Gaufride seithe Arthur to have overcommen Frollo kynge of Fraunce, sithe hit ys not redde of suche a name amonge men of Fraunce. Also he seythe Arthur to have sleyne Lucius Heberius, proctor of the cite of Rome, in the tymes of Leo themperour sythe after alle storyes of the Romanes Lucius gouernede not in þat tyme, neither Arthur was in the tyme of Leo themperour, neiþer borne in that tyme, but in the tyme of Iustinian, whiche was the vthe em|peroure from Leo. Gaufride seythe that he hathe mervayle that Gildas and Beda make noo mencion of Arthur in theire
the yere of his reigne. After whom
ti yere of his reigne, whom Kynricus his sonne succeded xxvjti yere. David other Dewei was made
the kynge of men of Fraunce, reignede after Lotharius his fader xxiiijti yere. The realme of Northumbrelonde began under Ida the sonne of Eoppa, in þe xijthe degre from Woden, from whom alle the regalle bloode of Northumbrelonde toke begynnynge, and reignede in Bernica xij. yere, havynge mony childre. That thynge happede in the tyme of this emperour Iustinian, that Gregory expressethe in his dialogges of the bischoppes, whiche
ti yere. This kynge chasede the Britons from the cites of Cirencestre, Gloucestre, and of Bathe, un to woodes in Wales. Willelmus de Regibus, libro primo. Whiche hatede bothe of Britons and of the Saxons in
the from Woden, began to reigne in the province of Deira, reignenge þer alle|moste xxxti yere. At the name of whom the grete pope Gregory, seenge childer of Ynglonde to be solde at Rome,Paulus, libro primo in fine. Audoenus, kynge of Longobardes,
ti noble yonge men, wente to the kynge of Geppideies, the sonne of whom he hade sleyne afore, desirenge armes of hym. Whiche receyvede with grete honor of the kynge, was sette in the place where the kynges son that was sleyne was wonte to sytte. The seide kynge sighenge soore seyde: "That place is amable to me, but hit grevouthe me to see the person sittynge þer." Then the son of the kynge seide to Abinnus,Willelmus deRegibus, libro primo. Ethelbertus, son of Ermenicus, reignede in Kente after Bede lvti yere; whiche was hade in derision
ti yere folowenge the tyme he hade receyvede the feithe. Martinus. Iohn þe iiijthe, pope after Pelagius, sate as presidente xiij. yere. In whiche tyme Priscian the gramarion, borne in Cesarea, floryschede at Constantinopole, whiche discussede not oonly gramer, but he describede the worlde also in a booke callede Cosmographia. Of whom Hugucio,
IUSTINUS the secunde reignede after Iustinianus xj. yere; a contemptor of povere men, spoyler of senatores, and ȝiffen to
Beda, libro 3o, capitulo tertio. An abbot and preste, Columba by name, in the firste yere of thisMarianus, libro secundo. Bridius the kynge reignynge that tyme amonge theyme. Beda ubi supra. Columba, thabbotte commynge to the northe Pictes, toke the
ti yere of his commynge in to that cuntre, levynge after hym noble disciples, but havynge dowte of the kepynge of Ester, folowenge circles by c. and lti yere un to the yere off grace vij.c. and xv., when Egwercus, a priste of the nacion of Ynglische men, put þer longe to exile, come to þeim. And hit was noo mervayle thauȝhe they hade dowte of the tru observaunce, when that the decrees of holy seynesPaulus, libro secundo. Narses patricius
c. lxviij.; the realme of Ytaly was absolute from the subieccion of themperour, and þe Romanes were governede after that tyme by patricions. ℞. Mervellous þinges as of fire were seene in the aier, lyke to bloode, of the whiche Seynte Gregory spekethe in an omely, or that Albinus, governoure of the Longobardes, entrede in to Ytaly. Also mervellous signes apperede in the churche of Ligure, by howses, durres, veselles, and on clothes, whiche waschede apperede more. And also diverse thynges and signes began to sprynge in the nayles of men, whom a grete tempeste of the fevers folowede, peryschenge men with in the space of thre dayes, wherefore men fledde, levenge dogges in
Paulus, libro quinto. The Longobardes were callede of theire longe berdes, in þat wise clippenge theire heire from the toppe un to the hynder parte, suffrenge hit to growe afore, usenge large clothes and longe, and specially off lyne, as Ynglische men and Saxons were wonte to use, with large boundes woven of thredes of diverse coloures. The hoose of theym were wonte to honge to theire hommes, bounde with thwanges on either side, and theire schoone cloven un to theire hommes. In the firste commynge of whom in to Ytaly, Albinus segede the cite Papy thre yere, and toke hit, occupyenge alle Ytaly, Rome excepte. Paulus,
libro secundo, ac etiam Marianus et Martinus. That kynge Al|binus entrenge the cite Papy by the este yate of hit, the horse on whom he did ryde felle downe in þe myddes of the ȝate, whiche wolde not aryse in eny wise un til that Albinus seide that he wolde not fullefille the vowe that he hade made, whicheHenricus, libro 2o. Ethelbrutus, kynge of Kent, ȝafe batelle in this yere to Ceaulinus, and to Cutha his brother; but he wasthe kalendes of Maii." Where|fore he knowede that he scholde dye in that day, and beryede nye to Parise in the medes of men of Fraunce. Chilpericus, the vijthe kynge of men of Fraunce, dyede, whom Lotharius his sonne succeded liiijti yere. Formatus the poete, borne in Ytaly, drawede the gestes of Seynte Martyne in iiij. bookes, in metre heroicalle, ordeynede or made bischop at Turonis after that. The grete cicle of the terme Paschalle is finis|chede or complete in this vthe yere of Iustinus, whiche is of v.c. yere and xxxijti from the passion of Criste, and after Marianus v.c. and lx. yere; and from the begynnynge of the worlde, after somme men, v.ml. lxv. yere.
TIBERIUS CONSTANTINUS was emperour vij. yere. This man was fulle meke, ȝiffenge grete goodes to pover men, yn so moche that he distribute to þeim grete parte of his treasure. Whiche rebukede oftymes of his wife þerfore, seide, "I truste to Godde we schalle not wante goodes if we make a treasure in hevyn." Whiche goynge in a day at Constantinopole nye to the palice imperialle, see in the pavimente of marbole a crosse graven, thenkynge hym unworthy to treyde þer on, toke hit up, and he se þer an oþer crosse under hit, whiche takynge hit up, see the thrydde, under whom he founde treasure as infinite. Iohn the pope dyede, whom Benedicte the firste
Marianus, libro secundo. Ceaulinus,ti yere in age, which didde bere the stole of Seynte Benedicte abowte his necke while that he lyffedde. Pelagius the pope succeded Benedicte x. yere.
MAURICIUS was emperour xxjti yere, a man of grete feythe, whiche overcome men of Persida and of Armenia. Neverthelesse
Marianus, libro 2o. Ceaulinus, and Cutha his sonne, fauȝhte in this yere ageyne the Britons at Fetanleighe, but Cutha sleyne, Ceaulinus hade the victory. Beda, libro 1o. Elle, the kynge of Deira, diede in the xxxti yere of his reigne, and Ethelricus, son of Ida, reignede on bothe provinces, Deira and Bernicia, v. yere. Thre breþer were borne in this yere in Fraunce, Ado, Bado, and Dado, other Audoenus, whiche levenge after that che|vallery was made the bischoppe of Roone. Paulus, libro quarto. Guntranus goynge in to a woode to hunte abowte this tyme, his felowschip dispersede, was oppressede with slepe, slepynge in the lappe of a tru servaunte to hym. A lytelle crepynge beste commynge owte of his mowthe, attemptede to goe over a lytelle ryver; the man in the lappe of whom the kynge did slepe perceyvenge that, putte his swerde over þe
Beda, libro primo. The holy fader Columbanus goynge from Yrlonde with Seynte Gallus and mony noble disciples, come un to Bur|guyne, where he made a monastery of Luxone, thro permission of Theodoricus kynge. Whiche expulsede from that cuntre by Brunnilda the qwene, fledde to Alemayne, where he made
the place, lay|men in the vthe place, wedowes in the vjthe, and weddede or maryede men in the vijthe place. Beda, libro primo, capitulo vicesimo tertio. Gregory was made pope, contynuynge that office xiij. yere and vj. monethes and x. daies, whiche madeti omelyes on the gospelles domini|calle, the moralles on Iob, omelyes on the begynnynge and ende of Ezechiel, þe pastoralles, and the dialoges; makenge a monastery in his awne howse, ordeynynge stacions to be made at Rome in diverse churches in every day of Lente for the remission of synnes, causenge the hedes and membres of ydoles to be kytte aweye. Whiche didde adde in the canon of þe masse "Diesque nostros in tua pace disponas;" namenge hym the servaunte of servauntes in writenge, the firste of eny bischop of Rome; whiche ordeynede in a cownsayle at Rome that ministres of the awter scholde ȝiffe attendaunce to pre|chynge,
Beda, libro primo, capitulo ultimo. Ethelfridus, son of Ethelricus, son of Ida, began to reigne on men of Northumbrelonde, whiche reignede xxiiijti yere. This kynge, covetous of worldely glory, destroyede the Britons
Beda, libro tertio, capi|tulo tertio. Columba thabbotte diede this tyme, and was beryede at þe yle callede Hii. Beda, libro quinto, capitulo nono. Whiche was callede also by a worde compewnde Columkyllus, of Columba and cella. Beda, libro primo, capitulo vicesimo tertio. In whiche yere grete Gregory the pope sende Austyn the monke to preche the worde of Godde to Ynglische men, with other clerkes, whiche travaylynge towarde that cuntre, and affrayede, returnede ageyne to Gregory. WhichePaulus, libro quinto. The Longobardes entrede in the nyȝhte in to the monastery of Seynte Benedicte
ti felawes, and certayne interpretators taken from Fraunce, after the cownselle of blissede Gregory, sendenge theym to Ethelbertus in the xxvjti yere of his reigne, for his sawle|healethe and of his peple also. The kynge herynge that, whiche hade herde as but late afore the fame of the religion of Criste, whiche hade taken to his qwene a Cristen woman of
Beda, libro 1o, capitulo vicesimo septimo. After that, Austyn goynge to the bischoppe Arelatense, was consecrate in to tharchbischoppe by hym. Blissede Gregory made certeyne þerof sende Mellitus, Iustus,
the to the reparacion of churches; and alle other thynges awe to be commune; and if eny treasure be lefte, hit awe to be spende in to the sawle healethe. To the secunde inquisicion of Austyn hit was answeryde in this maner, whiche question was this in forme, "Sythe that þer is oon feythe, why be the con|suetudes of the churches diverse?" To the whiche Seynte Gregory seide that he scholde knowe to please Allemyȝhty God moche of mony churche, and that he scholde preche that thynge collecte to peple of Ynglonde, seyenge that places are to be luffede for goode thynges, and not thynges for places. Colwulphus, son of Cutha, brother to Ceau|linus, reignede on the Westesaxons xiiij. yere. Mony mer|vellous thynges were schewede in this tyme in the subarbes of
Beda, libro primo, capitulo tricesimo. Blissede Gregory sende Austyn this yere to ordeyne ij. metropolitanes, oon at London, an other at Yorke. Austyn callede the doctors of the Britons and bischoppes, thro þe helpe of kynge Ethel|bertus, in to a place callede Augustines oc, as the strenȝhte of Austyn, in the coste of the Weste Saxons, monyschenge theyme to preche with hym to Ynglische men, and that thei scholde
FOCAS reignede after Mauricius themperour viij. yere. In the firste yere of whom Ethelfridus, kynge of Northumbre|lond, fauȝhte ageyne Edan kynge of Scottes, and hade a glorious victory of hym at Dexastan. But Theobalde his broþer was sleyne with alle his hoste. Beda, libro 2o, capitulo 4o. In whiche yere that noble fader Austyn, in Cristemasse day, after that he hade baptizede x.ml Ynglische men in a myȝhty
ti myles towarde the weste, where Ethelbrutus, kynge of Kente, made a churche of blissede Andrewe. Grete Gregory dyede in this yere, whom
the tyme, smote hym in the hedde, where thro he awakynge dyede. In whiche yere Seynte David bischoppe of Menevia diede in Wales. Iohannes Elemosinarius, patriarke Alexandryne, dyede abowte this tyme, to whom preyenge a beawtuous virgyn apperede, crownede with the leves of an olyve, callenge her name Mercy, seyenge to hym that he scholde do welle if that he toke her to his spowse. From whiche tyme the seide Iohn was mercifulle, callenge pover men his lorde, wherefore he callede þe Hospitilaryes of Seynte Iohn pover lordes. This Iohn causede alle the names of the pover peple
Beda, libro 2o, capitulo secundo. Ethelfridus, kynge of Northumbrelonde, destroyede mony Britons in this yere at the cite of Weste Chestre, and abowte ml and ij.c. of the monkes of Bangor, whiche come to þe kynge to prey for their knyȝhtes, lti of theym oonly fleenge awey, whiche were in the wowarde with duke Brocinayle. The nowmbre of monkes in that famose abbey or monastery of Bangor was accomptede ij. ml and c., whiche lyvede by their laboure. Men of Persida causenge in|surreccions ageyne the Romanes, takenge Ierusalem and
HERACLIUS was emperour xxvijti yere. In the thridde yere off whom Cosdras, kynge of Persida, brente Ierusalem and oþer holy places, and putte Zacharias the patriarke with moche peple in to captivite, and toke in to Persida with hym parte of the holy crosse, whiche Helena, moder to noble Constantyne, lefte þer. But Cosdras was sleyne by Heraclius in the xijthe yere of his reigne, and men taken in captivite were delyverede, and the parte of the crosse was broȝhte ageyne to Ierusalem. This emperour Heraclius, willenge to entre in to the cite of Ierusalem with grete pride, the ȝate of the cite was schutte by the power of Godde; but Heraclius made meke, and com|mynge to hit barefoote, the ȝate was openede. From whiche tyme the feste of the exaltacion of the holy crosse was halowede. Willelmus de Regibus, libro primo. Colwulphus, kynge of the Weste Saxons, diede; whom ij. sonnes of Colricus
ti yere. ℞. The diversite of autors is to be advertisede here, for Willielmus Malmesbury seythe Quichelinus to have bene the broþer of Kyngilsus, but Marianus and Bede sey hym to have bene the sonne of Kingilsus. Deusdedit or Theodorus the pope succeded Bone|facius iij. yere. In whiche tyme a citesynne of London, at the instaunce of Ethelbertus kynge, made a churche of Seynte
Beda, libro 2o, capitulo quinto. Ethelbertus kynge of Kente diede this yere, and wente to hevyn after the lvjti yere of his reigne temporalle, and in the xxjti yere after his baptyme; whom Ed|baldusti yere; whiche was apostata, abusynge his stappe moder, wherefore he suffrede grete cor|reccion of Godde. In whiche tyme Sebertus kynge of the Este Saxons dedde, his thre sonnes and successors to that realme were turnede to ydolatry, askynge of Mellitus, bischoppe of that place, that he wolde ȝiffe to theyme white brede, as he was wonte to do to theire fader. Whiche refusenge that withowte thei wolde receyve the feithe of Criste, they expulsede hym from that place; whiche wente anoon to Fraunce, havynge more pleasure to please God þer in pease then to kepe residence withowte frute amonge peple of barbre. But those false
Beda, libro 2o, capitulo sexto. Laurencius tharchebischoppe, purposynge to leve the cuntre after the other ij. bischoppes, after his preyers made in oon nyȝhte Seynte Petyr apperyde to hym, whiche reprovede not oonly hym in that he wolde leve his peple, but also he correcte hym soore. In the morowe folowynge the bischoppe schewede his woundes to Edbaldus kynge, whiche refusenge ydolatry and unlawefulle matrimony was baptizede, and callede ageyne Mellitus and Iustus bischop|pes un to their seetes. But men of London wolde not re|ceyve Mellitus theire bischoppe, willenge raþer to serve ydoles, and this kynge was not of so grete power as his fader to com|pelle theyme þer to. Wherefore Laurencius dedde Mellitus succeded hym, and was archebischop, lytelle in body, but grete in vertu, whiche healede mony men and avertede brennynge from his cite thro his preyer. Paulus, libro quinto. Catanus, the kynge of Hunes, commynge in to Ytaly abowte this tyme,
Beda, libro secundo, capitulo duodecimo. Edwynus fleenge the persecucion of Ethelfridus un to Redwarldus, kynge of Este Ynglische men, for to have socoure by hym, the seide Redwarldus, other for drede of Ethelfridus or thro rewardes, in|tendede the dethe of the seide Edwinus. A frende of Edwinus perceyvenge that, ȝafe to Edwinus warnynge þerof, promis|enge that he scholde brynge hym to a sure place for alle his adversaryes. Whiche refusenge that, and syttenge allon, a unkowthe man come to hym inquirenge why that he sate in sorowe þer allon, seyenge: "Y knowe who thow arte, and the
the succeded Deusdedit the pope v. yere. Seynte Anastasius, a monke of Persida and martir, borne in that cuntre, lernede in his yowthe the arte of nigromancy of his fader; whiche receyvynge feithe of Cristeti. Dagobertus, the ixthe kynge of Fraunce, succedid Lotharius his fader xxxiijti yere. Mellitus
PENDA a pagan, sonne of Wibba, the xthe from Woden,ti yere in age, began to reigne on the marches, and reignede xxxti yere. ℞. Mony cronicles expresse that Crida, sonne of Kynewolde, þe xthe from Woden, reignede firste in the marches x. yere, and after hym Wibba his sonne xxti yere;
Beda, libro 11o, capitulo nono. A man with a knyfe putte secretely in a staffe, Eumerus by name, sende from Quichelinus, kynge of West Saxons, to sle kynge Edwynus, comme in this yere to the kynge's cite, nye to the water of Dorwen. But oon Lilla, a specialle minister and tru to his kynge, perceyvynge that, and havynge noo thynge to defende hym, receyvede the stroke of that wickede man, puttenge his body as a schelde afore the kynge. Whiche servaunte persede thro, the kynge was hurte soore with the same stroke; that wickede man com|passede with other men of the kynge, pereschede an other knyȝhte with his knyfe. In whiche nyȝht of Ester the qwene
Beda, libro secundo, capitulo sexto decimo. There was soe grete pease in the tyme of Edwinus the kynge, that a woman myȝhte have goen from see to see withowte eny hurter. Also the same kynge made cuppes of brasse, and made theyme faste at welles of feire water by the hie weyes, to the refres|chenge of pover peple, whom eny man durste not towche but to the seide use. This kynge conquerede firste of alle kynges of Ynglische men the yle callede Eubonia, or the yle of Manne. Cropwaldus, the son of Redwaldus, kynge of the Est Eng|lische men, was baptizede at the instaunce of Edwinus, and his
Beda, libro secundo, capitulo decimo. Honorius the pope sende to Honorius archebischoppe of Cawn|terbery a palle in this yere, with letters informatory how he scholde ordeyne metropolitanes in Briteyne. Also he sendBeda, libro 2o, capitulo vicesimo. Edwinus the kynge was sleyne in this yere at Hadfelde, of Penda kynge of the marches, and Cedwalla kynge of the Britons, whiche exercisede so grete cruelnesse in that province, that thei sparede not eny kinde, age, or religion. Wherefore ȝitte as unto this tyme, the consuetude of Britons is to have as in noo reputa|cion the promise of Ynglische men. Paulinus tharbischoppe of York, takenge with hym Ethelburga the qwene, with En|fleda her doȝhter, wente in that tempeste to Kente by schippe made bischop of Rowchestre by the dethe of Romanus bis|choppe
Willelmus de Pontifi|cibus, libro primo. And so the churche of the peple of North|umbrelonde wontede a bischop by xxx. yere after the depart|ynge of Paulinus, wontenge the use of a palle þerby cxxvti yere. Beda, libro tertio, capitulo primo. Edwinus dedde, Osricus, sonne off Elfricus, uncle to Edwinus, toke the realm of Deira; and Eanfricus, sonne of Ethelfridus, reioycede the realme of Bernicia whiche turnede to the honour or worschip|pynge of ydoles, were sleyne by succession in the same yer of Cedwalla, by the correccioun of God. Wherefore hit pleasede men supputenge tymes of kynges, that fals kynges dedde, that unhappy yere was ascribede to the tymes off Os|waldus succedynge in that realme. Whiche did sle Cedwalla, ȝiffenge batelle to hym with a grete hoste in a place callede Devisborne as the river of Dionise; after the dethe of Gaufridus
Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro primo. That place is at the northe parte of the famose walle whom the legions of the Romanes made, not ferre from þe churche of Hangustald. Beda, libro 3o, capitulo primo. Mony virtues beschewede by the partes of that crosse, afor which tyme noo in that londe callede Bernicia hade eny awter, afore that Oswaldus the kynge had made a crosse, where a church was made soneBeda, libro 3o, capitulo primo. Oswaldus the kynge askede and desirede of þe Scottes þat he myȝhte have Aidanus the bischoppe to informe his peple; to whom he ȝafe a place of his seete in the yle of Lindisfarn, where the bischoppe Aidanus prechyd in the langage of Scottes, and Oswaldus the kynge
Beda, libro 3o, capitulo quarto. This Aidanus was a myrrour of abstinence, fastynge dayly unto the howr of none; lyvyng after his doctrine, ȝiffenge to pover men goodes ȝiffen to hym, goynge on fete, not usenge to ryde, kepynge not in silence the offense of grete men for eny drede, but rebukenge theyme for their offense, ȝiffenge to pover men meyte rather then moneye. Usenge to redeme men in captivite, and made mony of theyme his disciples; and this occasion foloynge was the cause of his commynge into Ynglonde. An other man, more bostuos, was sende from Scotte|lande to preche to Ynglische men, at the instance of Oswaldus the kynge, whiche doynge noo profite, returnede to his cuntre. Scottes takynge cownsayle for an other apte man to be sende
Beda, libro quinto. Also hit is seide that this bischoppe Aidanus syttenge with Oswaldus the kynge at dyner, on Ester day, a grete multitude of pover peple come to the ȝate, askenge almys. The kynge havynge noo thynge as nye to hym to ȝiffe to theyme, tok the messe afor hym, and brake the dische of silver into mony partes, and sende hit to the pover men. The bis|choppe
Beda, libro 3o, capitulo undecimo. Hit
SEYNT Birine the confessor sende from Honorius the pope to preche to Ynglische men, beynge in the see, and havynge remembraunce of certeyne thinges of his lefte in the haven wher he toke schippe, wente on his feete on the see and brouȝhte þe wrytynge to the schippe. Beda, libro 3o, capitulo sexto. This Birinus converte Kyngilsus kynge of the Weste Saxons, and baptizede hym at Dorcestre, Oswaldus beynge þer presente, whiche kynges ȝafe to seynt Birine that cite to the seete of the bischoppe, where he was beryede after the
the yere of his bischoppehode; whiche was translate after|warde to Wynchestre, by Hedda, bischoppe þerof, into the churche of Petre and Paule. ℞. But the chanons of Dor|cestre say the contrary, affermynge that an oþer body was translate in the stedde of the body of seynte Birine, and the men makenge the translacioun to be deceyvede, ffor a tumbe of werke mervellous is seene to this tyme on the place of his firste sepulture at Dorcestre, whiche cite is from Oxenforde vi. myle at the sowthe of hit, betwene ii. waters Thame and Thamyse. Also hit is redde in cronicles that Kyngilsus kynge assignede alle the londe of vii. myles in a circuite to the construccioun of the bischoppes seete of Wynchestre, and to the sustentation of his ministres; but the kynge not fullfillenge this grawnte by the impediments of dethe, causede Kenwalcus his son to swere that he scholde performe his grawnte. Willelmus de Ponti|ficibus, libro iio. That cite longede from that tyme to the bis|choppesWillelmus de Pontificibus, libro primo. Felix borne in Burguygne, familier with Sigebertus the kynge beynge in that cuntre in exile, come to Ynglonde with hym, and was the firste bischop at Donmic xvj. yere. Beda, libro 3o, capitulo decimo septimo. This Sigebertus made kynge after the dethe of Corpwaldus his broþer, ordeynede scoles in his realme lyke as he hade sene in Fraunce, assignynge maisters to informe the childer; whiche takenge the realme to Egricus his cosyn, was made monke in a monastery þat he made. But Penda the pagan kynge trow|blynge soor the realme, Sigebertus was taken from that mon|astery to make the knyȝhtes stronge, and so he was sleyne in simplicite, havynge a rodde in his honde, and allemoste alle his hoste also; whom Anna the son of Enus succeded in that realme, whom Penda did sle afterwarde. In the tyme of this Sigebertus a holy man, Furseus by name, come from Yrlonde
the is the fire of iniquite, when the superior dredethe not to oppresse his inferior."the pope of that name, succeded oon yer, under whom the Iewes were converte. Heraclius themperour, after noble victoryes, errede from the feithe thro the mocioun of Cirus, bischop of Alexandria, and of Sergius, bischop of Constantinopole and patriarke, and dyede in the dropicy, infecte with the heresy of Iacobites, whiche understonde ylle seynte Iames thapostle.
MACHOMETUS the fals prophete was abowte this tyme duke or governour of the Saracenys and of the Turkes. The story of whom is introducte in this wise, Steven off Cawnterbury and Giraldus of Wales helpenge moche in this mater. The commune utilite of Rome floryschynge late, the worlde ofthe pope, in the tyme of Heraclius, abowte þe yere of oure Lorde God vi.c. and xxti, Machometus, þe fals prophete and nigromancier, deceyvede the Agarenys in thys maner. A famous clerke beynge in Rome, and not obteynynge his purpose, wente into other ferre cuntres, drawynge mony men to hym, amonge whom he promisede Machometus that he scholde make hym a grete lorde, if he wolde condescende þerto. Whiche norischynge a doffe, putte cornes in the ere of Machometus, of whom þat doffe fedde her ofte. At the laste the seide clerke callede the peple of þat cuntre to gedre, promisynge þat he scholde be governour of
the nowmbre, and to refuse unto the iiiithe wife, and suffrenge men to take theyme ageyne, grauntynge licence to a man to take so mony concubynes as he wolde bye, or women taken in captivite, and to selle theyme ageyne withowte he hade geten eny of theym with childe. Also he ordeynede sobrenesse in meytes and in drynkes, prohibitynge
the tyme his feete; seyenge that God hathe promisede paradise to men kepynge these thynges, and other commaundementes of his lawes. In whiche paradise is the gardyn of delices, where noon intemperaunce is or affliccioun of incommodite, but the fruicion of alle maner delices, where alle thynges schalle be to theire pleasure, and angelles schalle ministre to theyme, so grete that hit scholde be as the space of oon day from þe oon eie
l. c. and xc., herynge that Cristen men usede diversites of meytes at oon refeccion, seide suche men were not worthy to have hevyn. Also hit is schewede in an ex|emple foloynge the laboure of that Turke, to the encrease of theire and to the schame of the religion of Criste as amonge þeim. Toowhite written, but then erased.
HERACLONAS, the sonne of Heraclius, was emperoure ij. yere; whom the senate of Rome expulsede from thempire, with Martina his moder, the noose and tunge of here kytte awey. Theodorus the pope suceded Iohn iiijthe vj. yere. In whiche tyme Isidorus bischop Hispalensis, and disciple somme tyme of grete Gregory flowrede, whiche lefte noble werkes of his labor after hym, as the books of his Ethimologies, De Summo Bono, of the ordre of creatures, sinonymes, and mony oþer þinges. Beda, libro 3o, capitulo septimo. Edbaldus kynge of Kente dyede, levynge after hym Erusbertus his successoure, geten by Emilia
Paulus, libro tertio. Constantinus
ti yere; whiche was deceyvede of Paulus, like as his grawntefader was of Sergius, wherefore he condemnede Martinus the pope unto exile, and spoylede Rome. Willelmus de Regibus, libro quarto. For he made bare the flores of the churches coverede with plates of brasse, whom he loste at Siracusan in Sicil, extincte by the Saracenys in a bathe; and the Saracenys toke his goodes with theym to Alexandria. Beda, libro 3o, capitulo sexto. Kyngilsus, kynge of Westesaxons, dedde this yere, Kenwalcus his son succeded xxxj. yere; for Qwichelinus his elder broþer reignede with his fader, and deide in the same yere he was baptizedde, levynge after hym Cuth|redus his sonne, whom seynte Birine baptizede also. Beda ubi supra. This Kenwalcus refusede to receyve þe feithe of
the yere of his reigne. Willelmus de Ponti|ficibus, libro secundo. This Kenwalcus was prively iij.Willelmus de Regibus, libro primo. This Kenwalcus hade victory ij. tymes of the Britons, the firste tyme at Withgonesburghe, the secunde tyme at the mownte of Pencia, and did stryve ageyn Wulferus, sonne of Penda, in a grete parte of his realme, into a signe of the persecucion of his fader. Beda, libro tertio, capitulo octavo. Oswaldus, kynge of Northumbrelonde, was sleyne in this yere by Penda, the pagan kynge, in a place
Direm, and then erased, and nothing supplied.Willel|mus de Pontificibus, libro quarto. Neverthelesse, the arme of Seynte Oswalde holle, with senowes, flesche, and with skynne,
Paulus, libro quinto. Cesarea, the wife of the kyng of Persida, goynge from that cuntre with fewe tru peple abowte this tyme, come to Constantinopole, that sche myȝhte be baptizede. The kynge here howsebonde, herynge that, sende messangers to brynge here ageyne from the emperour. Whom Cesara answerede seyenge, "Go to my lorde and yowre kynge, that he schalle never have me to his make with owte he be baptizede and receyve the feithe of Criste." The kynge herynge these thynges, come with lx. ml men peseably to the
Beda, libro 3o, capitulo tertiodecimo. Oswalde sleyne, kynge Oswy, his broþer, succeded in that realme, reignynge nobly xxviijti yere, but with grete labore, havynge Oswynus to governe men of Deira, whiche was of the stock of Edwinus, a semely man of person, religious, and meke in speche, in the vij. firste yeres of his reigne; whom kynge Oswy caused to be sleyne in the howse of Hunbaldus the erle, to whom he fledde. After that kynge Oswy hade to his felawe Odilwaldus, the son of Oswalde, in the realme of Deira. Martinus the firste, suc|cedenge Theodorus, was pope vj. yere, whom a man of Olimpus willenge to smyte hym at masse was made blynde in smitenge. This pope was put to exile by Constantinus emperoure, for cause he condempnede Paulus, patriarke of Constantinopole, of a fals name. Beda, libro 3o, capitulo tertiodecimo. Pauli|nus,
Beda, libro 3o, capitulo xxj. The Este Saxons receyvyde the feithe of Criste in this yere, whom thei hade refusede afore and abjecte, by the labor of Oswinus kynge of Northumbrelonde; for Sigebertus, their kynge, was baptizede of Finanus bischop of Northumbrelonde, nye to the large walle whiche dividede somme tymes Britons from Scottes. Wherefore he toke with hym Ced, the broþer of Seynte Chadde, from the province of Marches to preche to hisBeda, libro 3o, capitulo xxiij. Eugenius the pope succedid Martinus as thre yere, in whiche yere Odilwal|dus,
VITALIANUS was pope after Eugenius xiiij. yere. Þis pope sende to the churches of Yngelonde Theodorus tharchebis|cop, a monke Tharcense. Beda, libro 3o, capitulo vicesimo.
Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro tertio. Benedictus Biscop, abbot, and the norischer of Beda the preste, and the ministre of kynge, refusede places and co|synnes for the luffe of Criste, and wente to Rome and com|mynge
the tyme, bryngenge mony bookes and relikes of seyntes to his monasteries, whiche were in the side of the water of Wire, beynge abbotte of theyme, and techynge Beda his welbelovyde while that he lyvede. Willelmus de Regibus, libro primo. Beda mer|velleutheBeda, libro 3o, capitulo vicesimo tertio. Penda the kynge of Marches was extincte this yere, with xxxti dukes, whiche come to Northumbrelonde to have sleyne kynge Oswy like as he did Oswalde his broþer, refreynynge not hym selfe for the contracte of matrimony betwene theyme and theire childre. Neverthelesse kynge Oswy offrede to hym grete ȝiftes that he scholde departe from his londe. Penda refusenge theyme, kynge Oswy seide: "If a pagan hathe noo knowlege to take oure ȝiftes, we schalle ȝiffe to hym suche þinges as he knowethe." Then kyng Oswy made a promyse to God þat he scholde make Alfleda his doȝhter a myncheon, and ȝiffe also xij. pos|sessions to the edificacion of monasterys to God, so that he
ti dukes, nye to a grete water þat tyme callede Wynwed, in the cuntre of Ledis, not ferre from Yorke, þauȝhe Penda hade iij. tymes so mony men in his hoste as kynge Oswy hade. Then Alfridus was with his fader, but Edwalde the son of Oswald, as a plegge to the wife of Penda, stode alarge from the felde to beholde thende. That victory schewede to kynge Oswy, he toke his doȝhter unnethe of iij. yere in age to Hilda þabbes of Hertiseye, to be tauȝhte, whiche sowndethe as the yle of Hertys, whiche governede after that þe monastery of Stremschalt, as the bosom of corne, callede now Whiteby, xxxti myle from Yorke, where Elfleda was governoure afterwarde. Then Oswy ȝafe þe possessions promised; vj. in the province of Deira, and vj. in the provincethe yere of his reigne. Clodoneus reignede in Fraunce after Dagobertus his fader, xvj. yere,
Paulus, libro sexto. Grimmaldus perceyvynge Bertaricus his knyȝhte to have fledde to the kynge of Hunes, Cacanus by name, sende to kynge Cacanus seyenge that he scholde leve Bertaricus, or elles he scholde not have pease with the Longobardes. Bertaricus herynge that fledde to Ytaly, and was reconsilede to Grimmaldus the kynge by the labor of Hunulphus, his tru frende. Then wickede men seynge that Bertaricus was taken to grace, seide to the kynge that he wolde be expulsede from his realme with owte Bertaricus were sleyne. That herde the kynge sende men to kepe his place þat he scholde not escape in eny wyse. Hunulphus his frende, perceyvynge that, made Bertaricus to take the clothes of his bedde, and to bere theyme on his necke,
Beda, libro quarto, capitulo primo. Ercobertus the kynge of Cawn|terbury deide þis tyme, whom Egbertus his son succeded ix. yere. Deusdedit tharchebischop deide in this yere, wherefore Wighardus was sende to Vitalianus þe pope, by consente of the kynges of Kente and of Northumbrelonde, that he myȝhte be ordeynede archebischoppe of Cawnterbury. Whiche dedde by a grete pestilence reignynge in that tyme, þe pope or|deynydeBeda, libro 3o, capitulo xxvjto. In whiche yere a grete pestilence reignede in Britayne, begynnynge in þe sowthe partes, in whiche tyme hit happede that is re|hersede of Egbertus the monke. This Egbertus perceyvyngeti daies continually, contente with brede and mylke, þe beste of the mylke taken awey. Beda, libro 3o, capitulo xxiiij.
AIDANUS and Finanus, bischoppes of Northumbrelonde, dedde abowte these tymes, Colmannus the Scotte was suc|cessor to theyme by thre yere. In whiche tyme Agilbertus,
the moone unto the xxti moone, and specially Seynte Iohn Evan|geliste in Asia. On that oþer parte was Agilbertus bischop o
the day of þe firste monethe at evynsonge, takynge noo hede wheþer hit were in that day or in an othyr day. And also Petre the prince of apostles, to whom the principate of the churche was ȝiffen, with power of byndynge and of loosynge, abode after
the moone of the firste monethe, lyke to Seynte Iohn, kepynge the feste of Ester in the nexte Sonneday whiche folowede the fulle of the moone and the equinoccialle unto the xxjti moone. And if Sonneday felle on the xiiijthe day, he kepede not Ester in that day, forto, de temporibus vel de gestis Angliæ, that is to say, the equinoccialle of ver, the perfite plenilune or fullenesse of the moone, and Sonneday. For lyke as in the begynnynge of the worlde the sonne procedynge from the myddes of the este, prefixede in hys arisynge the equinocciale of ver, after that the sonne beynge in the weste a fulle moone folowede from the myddes of the este, and in likewise in alle yeres foloynge. And so the firste monethe of the moone awe to be observede, that not afore the equinoccialle, or in the day of the equinoccialle, as hit was in the begynnynge of the worlde, or the equinoccialle paste, he awe to have the fulle of the moone, Þerfore what moone is fulle afore the equinoccialle, as þe xiiijthe,
the, or xvjthe, and so of oþer or moore after that, hit per|tenethe to the laste parte of the yere precedent. Þerfore Ester is to be kepede in that moone whiche is fulle in þat equinoccialle, or after, as in the thrydde weke of the firste monethe of þe moone, from the eve of the xiiijthe day unto the xxjti day ren|nynge, where Sonneday commythe firste. Neverthelesse the churche suffrethe the erroure in the usualle kalendary, whiche began in this wise, that the solstices and equinoccialles and entrenges of the sonne into signes have goen backe in the kalendary by xiij. daies, abowte the yere of oure Lorde God ml.ccc. and xxti. And þerfore but if the usualle kalendary be correcte, hit schalle folowe of that errour, that and if þe yeres of Criste atteyne to the nowmbre of xviij. ml. yere, Ester
the age of the worlde contynue unto that nowmbre duplicate, the day of Seynte Iohn Baptiste schalle be the schortiste day of the yere, and Cristemasse the longeste day in the yere. The reason of this erroure is declarede in the Almagestes of Ptolomeus. Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro iij. Colmannus the bischop of Northum|brelonde
Paulus, libro vjo. Constantinus the emperour, willenge to delyver Ytaly from the Longobardes abowte this tyme, inquirede of a solitary man, and servaunte of Godde, wheþer he scholde have victory of the Longobardes. The man answeryde and seide that he myȝhte not have victory of theyme as ȝitte, in that Seynte Iohn Baptiste preyde for theym, in that thei made in Ytaly a monastery into the honoure off hym; but the tyme schalle
the moone, made Seynte Chadde, then abbot of Les|tingay, tharchebischop of Yorke, ageyne the ordinaunce of ca|non. Willelmus, libro iij., capitulo xxvij. Wherefore Chad was sende to Kente for his confirmacion, whiche returnede to Wyna bischop of Westesaxons, for Deusdedit tharchebischop of Cawnterbery was dedde, havynge in his felowschippe ij. bis|choppes
CONSTANTINUS the iiijthe, and son of Constantyne afore re|hersede, was emperoure xvij. yere. Grimaldus, kynge of Longobardes, drawynge a bowe to schote at a dofe, in the ixthe day after that he was lete bloode, brake a veyne, but leches puttenge to hit poyson causede hym to dye þerwith. Beda, libro iiijto, capitulo ijdo. Theodorus come to Kente in this yere, the vijthe kalendes of Iunius, in the secunde yere of his consecracion, where he was bischop xxjti yere and vj. monethes.
tunge is erased and langage written above it in MS.Beda, libro 3o, capitulo xxvo. Men of the churche and religious men hade grete pleasure to serve God in that tyme, and not the worlde, the herte and notBeda. libro iiijo, capitulo vto. Oswy, kynge of Northumbrelonde, deide in this yere, whom Egfridus his sonne did succede xv. yere. Beda, libro iiijo, capitulo xvijo This Egfridus mariede Etheldrida doȝhter of Todbertus, prince of the sowthe Gir|wyes,
the. yere of here prelacy, lay xvi. yere incorrupte. Beda, libro iiijo, capitulo vo. A cownesayle of bischoppes was hade by Theo|dorus at Tedforde in this yere, in whom hit was decrete, firste of the tru observacion of Ester; in the secunde, that noo bischop scholde entre into the paresche of an oþer; in the thrydde, that bischoppes scholde not dieasethe, that clerkes and monkes scholde not goe abowte in the cuntre withowte licence of theire prelates; and
the, that oonys in the yere a cownesayle scholde be kepede. Egbertus the kynge of Kente died, whom Lotharius his son succedid xj. yere. Kenwalcus kynge of Weste Saxons diede in the xxxti yere of his reigne. ℞. Sexburga the wife of whom reignede afterwarde oon yere, but, after Bede, other litelle kynges divided and departede that realme amonge þeim. Beda, libro 4o, capitulo vjo. Seynte Chadde diede this yerethe yere of his consecracion wente Barwe. Donus the pope succedid Adeodatus oon yere and vj. monethes. Beda, ubi supra. Seynte Erkenwalde, the thryde bischoppe of London, after the dethe of Wyne made ij. monasteryes, oon in Southerey at an yle called Cereotte, and nowe Chertesey, xv. myle from London at the weste; and an oþer at the este of London, in the province of Estesex, callede Berkyngum, to Ethelburga his sustre, where sche was abbesse and lyvede vertuousely, to whom Seynte Aldelme wrote a booke of virginite. Willel|mus de Pontificibus, libro ijdo. Men suppose that the seide place was not destroyede by the preyere of that holy virgyn; but þat other monastery of Chertiseye was destroyede by the Danes, whom kynge Edgarus repairede afterwarde. Oswinus began to reigne on the Weste Saxons þis yere, whiche reignede iij. yere, and ȝafe batelle ageyne Wulferus kynge of the
ti yere; for Kynredus þe son ofof] on, MS.Marianus. Kyng Etheldredus, uncle to Wer|burga myncheon, made here governoure in diverse places, as at Trikyngham, Weddinna, and at Hamburgha, dienge at the firste place and beryede at the thrydde, as sche commaunded in here lyfe, where sche lay incorrupte as by ccc. yere unto the commynge of Danes. ℞. The Danes taryenge in wynter at Repyndoun, Burdredus kynge of the Marches chasede awey, citesynnes of Hamburga dredynge theyme, wente to Chestre with the body of that blissede virgyn, redacte firste in that
Marianus, libro ijdo. Wulferus the kynge hade iij. bre|ther, as Weda, Ethelredus, and Merwaldus, whiche was pre|sidente of the Weste Marches, to whom Ermenburga his qwene brouȝhte thre holy doȝhters, Mildburga, Mildrida,Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro iiijo. Also Wul|ferus hade ij. sustres and myncheons, Kynedrida, and Kynes|wida, beryede bothe at Medhamsted, callede now Petyrborowe, where Seynte Ethelwold made a monastery. This Kyneswida converte Offa the kynge, in so moche that he goynge to Rome
the seene or cownesayle was hade at Constantinopole of cc. and lxxx. bischoppes, in whom hit was seide ii. natures to be in Criste and ij. willes. Ma|rianus, libro ijo. Agilbertus bischop of Westesaxons de|partede from that cuntre with indignacion, in that Kenwalcus the kynge hade divided the province into too seetes. Leu|therius was made bischop thro the grawnte of the kynge, Theodorus tharchebischop confermynge hym, whiche was pre|sidente þer vij. yere. A grete dethe of briddes fiȝhtenge togedre was hade in this yere.
THEODORUS, kynge of Frenche men, reignede after Clota|rius his fader xviij. yere. Beda, libro iiijto, capitulo xijo. In whiche yere Etheldredus, kynge of the Marches, wastede Kente, and Picta bischop of Rowchestre, and wente to Sex|wulphus,
the tyme; whiche brouȝhte with hym to Yngelonde Iohn, a noble synger of the churche of Seynte Petyr, that he scholde teche men to synge in his monastery. Beda, libro 4o, capitulo 18o. A grete batelle made in this yere betwene Egfridus, kyng of Northumbrelonde, and Etheldredus, kynge of the Marches; Elswinus, broþer of Egfridus, was sleyne in that soore conflicte nye to the water of Trente. For the dethe of whom a grete summe of moneye payede, pease was reformede bytwene parties by the labore of Theodorus, tharchebischop of Cawnterbery. In whiche batelle, a knyȝhte longynge to Eg|fridus kynge, wounded sore and wyllenge to aryse, hade noo myȝhte, was taken and solde to a man callede Friso. Whiche
Willelmus de Regibus, libro primo. Theodorus tharchebis|chop condescendynge þerto, whiche favorynge the wylle of Egfride the kyng, ordeynede Bosa bischoppe off Yorke, Eata at the churche Lindisfarn, Timbertus at Hangustald, Trimwinus at Candida Casa, in londe of Pictes. Marianus, libro 2o. And put Eadhedus to the churche Ripense, or of Ripon, com|myn late from Lyndesey, in that Etheldredus, kynge of the
Willelmus. Where the misery off man may appere, that the hedde of the churche of Ynglonde, Theodorus, amovede awey from his office an holy man Wilfridus, for temporalle favor, and not by ryȝhte, as the conjecture of man may perceyve and atteyne. Beda, libro vto, capitulo xiijo. Wilfridus expulsed, wente to Rome þerfore; but by tempestes of the sea he was putte into Frisia, where he convertede firste mony men and women to the feithe of Criste, whiche thynge Willebordus fullefillede afterwarde. This Wilfridus commyn to Rome, and herde and approbate by Agatho the pope, disputede in a cownesayle of a exxvti bischoppes ageyne the erroure of theym that prechyd and seide but oon nature and oon wille to be in Criste. Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro primo. Where he purposede his cause so mekely that he accusede not gretely Theodorus tharchebischop, sende to Yngelonde from Rome,
Beda, libro 4to, capitulo tertiodecimo. Wherefore Wilfride turnede to the Sowthe Saxons, where he made a monastery at an yle callede Selisey, sowndynge as the yle of a calfe, prechynge þer, and convertynge peple, unto the dethe of Egfridus. In whiche cuntre hit reynede not afore by the space of thre yere, but in the firste day that he began to baptise, hit reignede, and þe grounde began to wexe grene; techynge men of that cuntreti yere. Seynte Audoenus bischop of Roone dyede, and the childe Beda by nam was borne. Leo the secunde suc|cedid Agatho the pope iij. yere, and the bischophode of Rome was vacante oon yere. Beda, libro iiijto, capitulo xvijo. Seynte Etheldrede abbesse of Hely diede in þis yere. Marianus, libro secundo. Whom Sexburga here suster succedid, doȝhter of Ercombertus kynge of Kente. Beda, libro quarto, capitulo vicesimo primo. Hilda thabbesse of Whitby diede this yere, the xv. kalendes of December, in the lxvj yere of her age, laborynge in infirmite by vj. yere afore here dethe, doȝhter of the doȝhter of kynge Edwinus; a woman of grete holynesse, prudente, and nobly instructe. From the whiche monastery v. bischoppes were made, as Bosa, Eata, Offa, Iohn, and Wilfridus In whiche monastery was a man, Cedmon by name, tauȝhte by
cōpuccōn, MS.Henricus, libro tertio. Theodorus tharchebischop citede alle bischoppes of Ynglonde to appere in this yere, and mony oþer doctors at Hatfeld that he myȝhte knowe of what feithe thei were,the in Lindesey at Sydeneia, the vthe at Dorcestre; but Picta or Pucta, bischop, taryede at Herforde, institute byPaulus, libro septimo. Cunebertus the kyngethe tyme, committe the kepynge of that childe to Colfridus. Beda, libro quarto, capitulo xxvjto. A grete con|vencion of bischoppes was assembled under kynge Egfride, with Theodorus archebischop, nye to the water of Alne, in a place callede Twiforde, where Tudbertus deposede from the seete Hangustaldense, Cuthberte was subrogate into þat place;Beda, libro iiijto, capitulo vicesimo sexto. ThisBeda, libro quarto, capitulo vice|simo quarto. Kynge Egfride destroyede a grete multitude of Scottes, moste enviousinimicissimam, but none of the Latin texts have that reading.Willelmus de Regibus. Whiche was sonne of Kenbrithus, son of Ceadda, son to Cutha the broþer of Ceaulinus, son of Kynricus, son to Cerdicus, whiche did slee anoone Ethelwolde kynge of Sowthesex, and toke his province into captivite, wastynge Kente, and toke the yle of Wiȝhte, whom he ȝafe to Seynte Wilfride for the luffe of God. Alfridus succedid in the realme of Northumbrelonde after the dethe of Egfridus, whiche reignede xviij. yere. The Saracenys
IUSTINIANUS the secunde was emperoure after Constantyne his fader ix. yere. Iohn the vthe succedid Benedictus þe pope oon yere, whom Zeno succeedid ij. yere. Beda, libro iiijto, capitulo vicesimo quarto. Lotharius kynge of Kente died of a wounde receyvyde in batelle ageyne Cedwalla, whom Edricus, son of Egbertus, succedid oon yere and a halfe, and after that þe realme of Kente stode as in trowble by diverse kynges untylle Wihtrede, lawefulle son of Egbertus, succedid in þat realme.
Giraldus, distinctione prima, capitulo septimo decimo. The firste Pipinus, callede olde or schorte, sonne of Ansegisilus, sonne of Seynte Arnulphus, made governoure of the howse of the kynge of Frenche men, receyvyde the principate of the este men of Fraunce xxvijti yere; whiche fauȝhte firste aȝeyne Theodoricus, kynge of men in Fraunce, whom he toke fleynge at Parise, reser|vynge to him lyfe. Paulinus,libro vijo. Prudence and forti|tude as exiled from kynges of Fraunce, in that tyme the realme
Beda, libro vo, capitulo vijo. Cedwalla governynge his realme myȝhtely iij. yere, and levynge hit wente to Rome, and was baptizede of Sergius þe pope, and callede Petrus; where he diede soone after, not havynge xxxti yere in age þe xij. kalendes of Maii, and beryede in the churche of Seynte Petre at Rome, deservydeGiraldus, distinctione prima, capitulo 17o. Hit is to be advertisede that the story of Romanes, of Longobardes, and of Bede, callethe Ceadwaladrus, the last kynge of Britons, Ceddwalla corruptely, not understondynge the langage of Britons. But the laste verse of the epitaphy aforeseide is cor|recte in this wyse, "Rex Cawaladrus liquit amore Dei," in mony places. And that hit is seide that he was baptizede of Sergius, hit is to be understonde þat he was confermede by hym by the noyntynge of holy creame, and then his propre name was chaungede, as hit happethe in the confirmacion of
ti yere; whiche wente to Rome also, with mony other, in the tyme of Gregorius the secunde. In whiche yere Benedictus Biscop diede, whom Colfridus suc|cedid in the governayle of bothe þe monasterys on the brynke or side of the water of Wyre. Also Theodorus tharchebischop of Cawnterbery diede in this tyme in the lxxxvij. yere of his age, and þe xxijti yere of his bischophode; whom Britwoldus thabbot did succede: until that tyme men of Rome were arche|bischoppes of Cawnterbery and from that tyme men of Yng|londe. Seynte Wilfride accusede of Alfride the kynge aforeBeda, libro vo, capitulo nono. Egerbertusti yere. Offerus bischop of the Wiccions dedde, Egwynus succedid hym, whiche edifiede the monastery of Evesham, by licence grawntede of Etheldredus kynge of the Marches. Pipinus the olde or schorte, after the dethe of Theodoricus kynge of Fraunce, whom he suffrede to reigne with hym, erecte Clodoneus his son into þe kynge. Men of Kente, makynge peace with Ine kynge of Westesaxons, ȝafel libras for the dethe of Mull broþer of Cedwalla. Iustinianus themperoure detecte of falsenes, and expulsede from thempire, wente to Pontus into exile, whom Leo patricius
LEO the secunde was emperour iij. yere. In the tyme of whom Clodoneus kynge of Fraunce dedde, Pipinus erecte into the kynge Childebertus his broþer. Men of Northumbrelond did sle Ostrida the wife of Etheldredus kynge of the Marches, doȝhter to kynge Oswy. Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro iiijto. Seynte Guthlacus the confessor, havynge xxiiijti yere in age,Beda. A thynge to be imprintede in remembrance happyd in thys tyme in Briteyne, of the state of the sawle, to excite peple to vertu. A man callede Brithwolde, dedde by a cer|teyne tyme and restorede to lyfe, tolde mony thynges to be mervaylede. Whiche takynge his goodes divided þeim into
the universalle seeine or cownesayle was kepede this tyme, under Sergius, at Aquileia. Leo the thridde succedid Sergius the pope ij. yere, whiche is not putte in the nowmbre of oþer bischoppes off
Beda, libro vto, capitulo quintodecimo. A bischop of Fraunce, Arnulphus by name, come abowte this tyme to Briteyne, whiche hade bene at Ierusalem and in the londe of promission, and at Damascus, at Constantinopole, at Alexandria, and in mony oþer provinces. Whiche returnynge into his cuntre, was ryvede and londed in the weste partes of Briteyne by tem|pestes of the see, where he tauȝhte Adamnanus the servaunte of Criste, and abbot of the yle off Hii, off the mervayles of holy places. This abbot instructe by the bischop, redacte thynges herde of hym into a booke, whom he sende to Alfridus for a pleasure to rede in hit. ℞. Hit semethe that Bede toke from that booke that he did write afterwarde of holy places. Iohn the vjthe, after Leo, was pope iij. yere. In whiche tyme Etheldredus kynge of the Marches, despisenge the worlde, toke the habite of religion at Bradeney, whom Kenredus, son of Wulferus his broþer, did succede v. yere. Iohn the vijthe was
Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro iiijo. Sexwul|phus bischoppe of the Marches diede in that yere. After whom Hedda was bischop at Lichefelde, Wilfride at Leges|cestre or Westechestre; but Alfride dedde after ij. yere y-paste, Wilfride wente to his seete of Hangustald, beynge bischop þer by iiij. yere. And Hedda occupiede then the seetes of Lichefelde and of Westechestre.
IUSTINIANUS the secunde reignede ageyne with Tiberius his sonne vj. yers. This Iustinianus was expulsede afore by Leo,
ti. dayes, whom Constantinus þe firste succedid vij. yere, whiche denownecede Philippicus the owtelawe an heretike in that he destroyede the ymages of seyntes in churches. Beda, libro vo., capitulo xixo. Kenredus the kynge of the Marches levynge that realme to Colredus, sonne of his uncle, wente to Rome with Offa, sonne of the kynge of the Estesaxons, and with Egwinus, bischop of
Beda, libro quinto capitulo decimo nono. This Wilfride, excellente in witte, wente to the monastery of Lindisfarne in the xiiij. yere of his age; whiche instructe þer in diverse thynges, and perceyvynge diverse thynges to be observede of the Scottes not by ryȝhte, wente to Rome that he myȝte be instructe moore perfectely; where he lernede of Bonefacius the
Beda, libro vto, cap. xxo. Adrianus, abbot of Seynte Petre, and cooperator of Theodorus the archebischop,Item, capitulo secundo. Nactanus the kynge of Pictes, sende to Colfridus, abbot of the monastery Girwiense, for the tru observacion of Ester. To whom Col|fridus
the day unto the xxj. day, and also that the Sonne day awe to be tarryede in the thridde weke, comptynge in this wyse, not that the xiiijthe day, but the eve of hit, awe to be taryede, that is to say, þe xiiijthe moone, whiche is þe begynnynge of the thrydde weke, and the nyȝhte of the xvthe moone awe to be taryede after the bible. The childer Israel goen from Ramesse in the xvthe day of the firste monethe, kepede Ester in that oþer day, and soe hit awe to be protended unto þe eve of the xxjti day. Also hit may be founde by the equinoccialle of ver whiche monethe of the yere is firste, and whiche is laste. For the equinoccialle
the or xvthe afore the equinoccialle, hit perteynethe to the laste parte of the yere precedent, and þerefore hit is not able to kepe Ester þer. But what moone hathe plenitude or fullnesse in that equinoccialle or after, as hit was in the begynnynge of the worlde, then Ester awe to be kepede in the Sonneday nexte foloynge. Iustinianus the secunde, sendynge an hoste to take Philippicus, whom he hade lefte at Cersona, the hoste turnede to the parte of Philippicus, and did slee Iustinianus. Philippicus the secunde, other Dardanicus, was emperoure oon yere and vj. monethes, whiche fledde into Sicille for the hoste of the Romanes; whiche causede pictures
yere has slipped out.
LEO the thrydde, with Constantyne his sonne, was emperoure xxvti yere. In the firste yere of whom diede Pipinus þe olde, afterti yere, callede Martellus or Tutides, of grete homers by
l. and lxv.ml. Also he ȝafe batelle ageyne the Saxons and ageyne to men of Bavarria. Also ageyne Hendo the governore of Acquitanny, and ageyne Ranfre|dus duke of Andegavy. Whiche havynge mony batelles ȝafe the goodes of the churche to lewyde men; for whiche thynge Eutherius, bischop Aurelianense, beynge in preyer, see this Charles tormented in helle bothe in body and sawle. And the angelle schewynge that to þe bischop seide that iuggemente to be of alle theym whiche take by rape the goodes of the churche
Paulus, libro septimo. The water of Tiber encreasede so moche at Rome inti yere, and after xiij. yere in whom he was a monke at Bradeney; and Colredus his son and kynge of the Marches, diede and was beryede at Lichefelde. Whom Ethelbaldus, son of his suster, did succede, and reigned by xlti yere as seynte Guth|lacus the confessor seide afore. This kynge segede Somerton in the xviijthe yere of his reigne, and subdued hit to hym, and
ti yere of his reigne of Kuthre|dus kynge of the Westesaxons, and was sleyne of his awne men in the laste yere of his reigne at Secandoun. In whiche yere also Colfridus thabbotte off the monastery Girwyense diede in pil|grimage at Lingoun. Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro quarto. Seynte Egwyne diede in this yere, whiche remembrenge in aBeda, libro vto, capitulo sexto. Seynte Iohn, bischop of Yorke, deide at Beverlay, in the xxxiijti yere of his bischophode, andti myles, as the place or lake of bevers or of grayes, namede soe by those bestes, whiche were wonte to comme from Hulle to hyt. Where seynte Iohn made oon churche into the honore of seynte Nicholas, and an oþer into the honoure of seynte Iohn Bap|tiste at the altitude nye to the refectory of the breþer þer. The privilege or immunite of whiche place encreasede to grete prerogancy, in so moche that hit receyvethe not a batelle
Beda, ubi supra. Wilfridus, preste to seynte Iohn, was his successor alle moste by xxxti yere. ℞. This Wilfride is callede the yonger, ffor there were iij. famose men of that name. The firste Wilfride wente thryes to Rome, of whom hit is schewide afore. The secunde Wilfride was arche|bischop of Yorke, and successor to seynte Iohn of Beverlay. The thrydde Wilfride was bischop of Wictions, and successor to Egwyne. Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro ij. Ine the kynge made a monastery at Glassynbury, as seynte Aldelme ȝafe to hym cownselle somme tyme, whiche contynuede nobly unto the comynge of Danes into Ynglonde, and hit was repairede thro the labore of seynte Dunstan by the kynge Edmund and Edgar, contynuynge so unto the commynge of Normannes. Whiche monastery was confracte in mony labors, y wote not by what
LEO themperoure, levynge batelle to his enemyes, ȝafe batelle to the ymages of seyntes; whom Gregory the pope, and Germanus
Beda, libro quinto, capitulo vicesimo quarto. Withredus, the kynge of Kente, diede in this yere, and Thobias bischop of Rowchestre, whiche understode the langage of Grekes as his awne lan|gage. Paulus, libro vijo. Saracenys segede Constantinopole by the space of thre yere, and toke grete goodes awey with theyme. Withbrandus, kynge of the Longobardes, herynge that, brouhȝte the relykes off Seynte Austyn, caryede to the yle of Sardinia for the peple off Barbre, and causede theyme to be brouȝhte to the cite Januense, and after that to the cite Papy. Willelmus de Regibus, libro primo. Kynge
d of every howse of his realme, callede longe of Ynglische men Romescotte. Ethelburga, wyfe to hym, induced that pilgremage in this wise: this woman movenge hym ofte to forsake worldely thynges in his olde age, and profitynge not, thouȝhte to attempte by a wyle. Whiche beynge at the kynges cite in grete pleasure and delice, and returnede from hit, the keper of that place defilede hit with alle deformite after the commaundamente of the qwene, with dungge of bestes and other þinges unhoneste, puttenge a sowe that hade farowede newly in the bedstede of the kynge. The qwene knowynge that afore, preide the kynge to beholde the place where they were usede to reste. That doen the kynge mervayled moche thatBeda, libro v., capi|tulo xxixo. Osricus kynge of Northumbrelonde diede after the xjthe yere of his reigne, whom Colwulphus did succede ix.
Beda, ubi supra. In whiche yere ij. horrible blasynge sterres apperede; oon of theyme did precede the sonne in the morowe, and that other folowede the sonne at even, protendenge grete flammes from theym into the northe, as a prenosticatyve of grete de|struccion, for soone after that a grete multitude of Saracenys depressede Fraunce. Beda, libro v., capitulo xxvto. Briȝht|woldus, archebischop of Cawnterbury, diede in this tyme; whom Chadwinus succedid, the bischoppes of London, of Wynchestre, and of Rowchestre, doynge the labor of þe consecracion. The sowthe provinces were subiecte to Ethelbaldus the kynge of the Marches, unto the coste of the water of Humbre. Pictes and Scottes hade pease with Ynglische men, and Britons were as mixte, somme of liberte, and mony subiecte to the servyce of Ynglische men. Gregorius the thridde succedid Gregorius the secunde xi, yere, which confermede the veneracion of
Willelmus de Regibus, libro quinto. Whiche was taken to Benedicte Biscop to be tauȝhte in the vijthe yere of his age, abbot of the monastery Girwyense, and taken after his dethe to Colfridus thabbot and his succesor;the yere of his age, and preste in the xxxti yere. In whiche yere he began
Willelmus de Regibus, libro primo. But hit is schewede Bede to have bene desirede to have commyn to Rome by an epistole of pope Gregory the thrydde, sende to Colfridus thabbotte, to discusse certeyne questions. Where hit is to be advertisede that the courte of Rome had nede to sende for Bede to discusse certeyne maters, and also the maner of his vertuous lyfe; for utterly he myȝhte not be vicious, whiche fixede his mynde so hyely in the exposicions of divine scripture. The vertu of whom apperede moche in the tyme of his dethe, whiche oppressede with infirmite, and vexede so sore in the stomake that he myȝhte not retene thynges receyvede, refusede not to study, laborenge by vij. wekes in grete infirmite as aforeseide; but he tauȝhte dayly
Wil|lelmus de Pontificibus, libro 4o. The blissede virgyn seynte Frideswide, borne in Oxenforde, and doȝhter to Didanus the duke, diede this tyme. Whom Algarus the kynge foloynge for pleasure of the flesche unto the cite Oxenforde, that virgyn entrede into the cite, the ȝates were closed by miracle, and the kynge was made blynde. Neverthelesse, his siȝhte was restorede at the preyere of that blissede virgyn. From whiche tyme kynges of Ynglonde drede and fere to entre into that cite leste that they have eney infortuny. Colwulfus kynge of
the yere of his reigne, levynge the realme to Egbertus his cosynne, was made a monke in the monastery of Beda, and the seide Egbertus reignede xix. yere. ℞. But Willelmus, libro primo de Regibus, seythe that he was made monke at the churche of Lindisfarne, and afterwarde
CONSTANTYNE the vthe was emperoure after his fader xxxiijti yere. This emperoure putte aweye ymages owte of churches, after the consuetude of his fader, and brente þeim. Etheldredus, kynge of Weste Saxons, diede in the xiiij. yere of his reigne; whom Cuthredus, cosyn to hym, did succede, whiche trowblede soore in batelles Ethelbald kynge of the Marches, and reignede xvj. yere. Whom Segeberte, his cosyn, succedid ij. yere;
the yere of that principate y|taken, levynge the administracion of hit after the cownsaile of his broþer, wente to Rome, and made monke by Zachary the pope, made a monastery in the mownte Serapte, where he con|tynuede a certeyne space and yere with other breþer. But after that he wente to the mownte Cassyne, for the insolence of men of Fraunce commynge to hym and visitynge hym as theire lorde. Whiche commynge to Zachary the pope with mony
the yere of hys reigne; whiche constreynede Astul|phus, kynge of Ytaly, impugnynge the ryȝhtes of the churche of Rome, and empyre, to make restitucion and to ȝiffe plegges þerof. Zacharias þe pope did succede Gregory the thridde xij. yere. This pope goynge in a tyme towarde Ravenna, in the monethe of Iunius, was coverede with a clowde by the powere of God, þat he scholde not be hurte with heete of þe sonne thro alle the day, and tariede nye to his tentes in the nyȝhte, and did aryse ageyne in the morowe. The ordre Paschalle was trowblede, and the ȝonger Wilfride, bischop of Yorke, diede in this tyme, whom Egberte, broþer to kynge Egbert, did succede xxxvjti yere. Willelmus de Regibus, libro primo, et de Pontifi|cibus, libro quarto. Whiche recurede that seete into dowble
ti yere. Neverthelesse he ȝafe to hym the province of Hampton, untylle that he did sle Cumbranus the duke aforeseide. That doen, and utterly deiecte, and goynge to a woode, was sleyne of the swyneherde, longynge sommetyme to the seide duke sleyne by hym cowardely afore. Ethelbald, kyng of the Marches, was sleyne at Sigiswolde, of Beornredus the tyraunte, and
ti yere. This kynge Offa hade victory ageyne men of Northumbrelonde, men of Kente, and Westesaxons, in so moche that he brouȝhte the metropolitan seete of Cawnterbery unto Lichefelde by the tyme of his lyfe. Also he translate the boones of seynte Alban unto the grete monastery that he made, and ȝafe to the pope, vicare of seynte Petre, a yerely rente as of every howse in his realme. Also he made a noble diche dividynge Wales from the realme of the Marches, callede as unto thys tyme Offediche. Willelmus de Regibus, libro jo. This Offa, wyllenge the favor of kynges, maryede Ethelburga his doȝhter to Brithricus kynge of Westsaxons, and sende Alcuinus or Albinus the noble doctor of Ynglonde unto kynge Charls for pease; for there was so grete discorde betwene þe realmes of
Martinus. Paulus the pope succedid Stephanus x. yere, a man of grete humilite and pacience. In the tyme of whom an hooly man was in Burguyne, Gengulphus byand] bis in MS.ti yere.
PIPINUS the kynge of Fraunce dedde, men of Fraunce divided that realm betwene his ij. sonnes Charls and Karolomannus.
ti yere. And then the wife of Karolomannus, and here childer, fledde to Desiderius kynge of Longobardes, not constreynede soe to do by eny body, besekynge hym of helpe. But this noble prince Charls expugnynge afore Hunaldus duke of Aqui|tanny, subduede hym to hys governayle, and at the desire of Adrianus the pope segede Desiderius kynge of Ytaly at the cite Papy, rebellynge ageyne the churche of Rome after the maner of Astulphus his broþer. Whiche takynge hym in that cite, putte hym to exile, and subrogate Pipinus his sonne in the realme of Ytaly. In whiche batelle Amicus and Amelion, ij. noble knyȝtes of Criste, and tru luffers togedre, were sleyne, of whom mervellous dedes be redde. After that kyng Charls made tame men of Sclavia and the Saxons, in so moche that mony of theym taken and brouȝhte to Fraunce, they refusenge ydolatry reioicede as men off Fraunce. After that tyme kynge
De libro Turpini. Aigalandus, the myȝhty prince of Speyne, comeGiraldus, distinctione prima, capitulo decimoseptimo. At that tyme kynge Charls subduede to hym Fraunce Narbonense, men callede Capuans and Beneventans, and men of Swevia, that thei hade lever be subiecte to hym then to rebelle after|warde. The kynges of Britons, of Ynglische men, of Scottes, of men of Persida, and of Grece, honourede hym with ȝiftes. And, as Turpynus archebischop rehersethe, he was a feire manc passes; techynge his sonnes to ryde, hunte, to use armes, and tothe parte to his
c. liiij., his fader beynge in lyfe, under whom and with whom he reignede xv. yere unto the dethe of his ffader. And after the dethe of hisc. lxviij., this Charls reignede ij. yere with Karolomannus his broþer, and after his dethe kynge Charls occupiede that realme xiiij. yere, unto the yere of oure Lorde vijc. lxxxiiij. In whiche yere he wente firste to Rome, that he myȝhte consecratec., when the pope Leo þe iiijthe confermede ageyne Charls into themperoure. And after that he reignede xiiij. yere, and diede in the lxxij. yere of his age, whiche was the viijc. yere of Grace and xiiij. And that mony men saye kynge Charls reignede xlvj. yere, that is to be understonde after the dethe of his fader unto his obite. And if eny man desire to see moore of the story of kynge Charls, y cownsayle that he take recourse to the wrytenges of Alcuinus his maister, or elles to the writynges of Turpinus, whiche laborynge in preier the day of the obite of kynge Charls at Vienna in Fraunce, see a grete multitude of fowle spirittes goynge to Aquisgrani to take the sawle of kynge Charls. The laste of whom he adiured that he scholde comme to hym ageyne after that he hade bene þer, and to telle to hym the trawthe how that thei hade spedde. The spiritte returnede, Turpinus tharchebischop seide to hym: "What have ye doen þere?" The spiritte seide: "We have weiȝede his dedes, but the hedles Iames of Speyne, to whom
ADRIANUS the firste succedid Steven the pope xxiiijti yere. This pope kepede a cownsaile of bischoppes at Constantinopole, of ccc. and lti hooly faders, and an oþer cownsaile at Rome, of clti bischoppes, kynge Charles beynge presente. To whom powere was graunte that tyme in the eleccion of the pope, and
the, son of Constantyne the vthe, reignede in Grece iiij. yere, whiche infecte with avarice, and commynge into a churche, see a ryalle crowne of golde onornede with carbuncles, whiche takenge and settynge hit on his hedde, was vexede anoon with the axes, and diede. Offa, the kynge of Marches, spoylede Lambert, tharchebischop of Cawnterbery, of his dignite this yere; whiche dignite he kepede at Lichefelde, by auctorite of Adrian the pope, unto his dethe. Constantyne the vjthe, son of Leo the iiijthe, with Yrenes his moder, reignede amonge men of Grece x. yere. In the laste yere of whom a discorde movede betwene the moder and the sonne, the moder toke and impri|sonede hym, and so sche reignede allon v. yere. But after that Constantyne here sonne, havynge supportacion of men of Armeny, gate from prison thro theire helpe and cownsaile, and
Marianus, libro ijdo. Kenulphus, kynge of Westesaxons, and Offa, kynge of the Marches, fauȝhte soore for the cite ofti. bischoppes, was halowede under Adrianus the pope, in whom hit was seide the Holy Goste to procede from the Fader and the Sonne, ageyne the oppinion of men of Grece. Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro quarto. Kenulphus, kynge of Westesaxons, intendynge to expelle from his realme Clito Kinehardus, broþer german of Sigeberte his predecessor, come to Merton in a nyȝhte to the howse of his specialle, where Clito compassede the kynge with lxxx. men. The kynge awakede, defendid hym manly, never|thelesse he was sleyne at the laste; and also the knyȝhtes of the kynge despisenge the promisse of Clito, were sleyne also. The dethe of the kynge expressede, Osricus, a duke longynge to hym, and goynge to Merton, did sle Clito with alle hys men, and beryede the kynge at Wynchestre; whom Brith|ricus succedid, of the bloode of Cerdicus, and reignede xv.
Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro quarto. Offa the kynge mariede Ethelburga his doȝhter in this yere, to Brithricus kynge of Westesaxons, of whom hit is seide that sche laborede to extincte alle men familier with here kynge, other thro powere or by poyson. Whiche ȝiffenge drynke to a yonge man familier to the kynge, and the kynge drynkynge þerof, was poysonede also; wherefore sche, takynge grete trea|sure
Henricus, libro quarto. A mervellous signe of the crosse apperede thys yere in the clothes of men of Yng|londe, and bloode did descende from hevyn into the erthe; we wylle not diffyne wheþer hit come into the signe of the mocion of Ierusalem after ccc. yere folowynge, in the tyme of William
ti yere. The laste of whom were Osbright and Elle, whiche were sleyne in the cite of Yorke, with the noble men of theire cuntre, by the Danes, in the yere of oure Lorde God viiic. lxvij. Whiche
ti yere. Pipinus sonne of Charls coniurede ageyne his fader, wherefore, the cownsaile detecte, he was putte into a monastery, and some of his felawes were sleyne and somme hongede. Seynte Ethelberte, kynge of Este Ynglische men, loste his realme and lyfe by the commaundemente of kynge Offa and persuasion of Kyneswitha his wife.
OFFA kynge of the Marches diede, whom Egberte his son succedid oon yere; whom Kenulphus the meke man did suc|cede, son to Cuthbert, whiche gate, of Alfritha his qwene, Quendreda, Burgenilda, and Seynte Keneline. Willelmus deRegibus, libro primo. This Kenulphus, a myȝhty man and vertuous, religious in his place, victorious in batelle, hav|ynge
ti yere of his reignede,Alfridus. In this xthe yere of Brithricus dragons of fire were seene to flye in the aiere in Ynglonde,
the succedid Adrianus the pope xxti yere, whiche goynge in a tyme with letanyes to the churche of Seynte Petre, in the feste of Seynte Marc, he was made blynde and hade his tunge kytte awey by wikkede men. But God restorede to hym his syȝhte and the use of speche, in so moche that he spake withowte eny tunge. Whiche goynge to Fraunce to kyng Charls, brouȝhte hym to Rome; which toke vengeaunce on the adversaryes to þe pope, the pope makynge a purgacion of þinges obiecte to hym; and then he crownede Charls, and con|fermede hym crownede but late afore. Nichoforus afore re|hersede, sendynge Yrene emperesse of Grece unto exile entrede in to thempire, and reignede viij. yere. In whiche tyme
ti yere folowynge here dethe. Kynge Charls was crownede this yere into themperour by Leo the pope, from whiche tyme thempire was translate from men of Grece to men off Fraunce, and after that to men of Alemayne. Giraldus, distinctione prima, capitulo xvij. For that trans|lacionWillelmus de Regibus, libro secundo, et de Pontificibus, libro tertio. Brithricus, kynge of Weste|Saxons,
ti yere. This Egberte expulsede from his realme by Brithricus, wente to Fraunce, and, returnede to Ynglonde, tauȝhte the peple of his realme the actes of chevallery that he hade lernede in Fraunce, ordeynynge myȝhty and wiȝhte knyȝhtes, causenge his peple to use armes in the tymes of pease. Bernulphus, kynge of the Marches, havynge derision of his doctrine, sende to Egberte, kynge of Westesaxons, com|maundynge that he scholde do homage to hym. Neverthelesse, the hostes mette in somer at a place callede Claydon, in Hapte|schire or province, not lyke in nowmbre of men, for a ml fatte men, overcommen raþer with swetynge then with batelle, come ageyne a c. lene knyȝhtes and men of Egberte. But Egberte prevaylynge in that batelle, unyte to his realme the realmes of
Willelmus de Regibus, libro primo. Albuinus, the noble doctor of Ynglonde, passede the see in this yere, whiche commynge to Fraunce made hit bryȝhte thro his doctryne, and brouȝhte the study to Parise that was translate somme tyme to Rome from men of Grece. This clerke Albuinus, after Aldelmethe kalendes of February, where he was beryede also. Marianus, libro tertio. In the laste yere of whom the brigge made at Magoncia, over the water of Rhenus, by the labore off x. yere, was so destroyede with ynne thre
LUDOWICUS pius, firste sonne of kynge Charles, was em|peroure after the dethe of his fader xxjti yere and xj. monethes. In the tyme of whom girdells of golde and onornede with gemmes and inordinate vesture were deposede from bischoppes and clerkes. Giraldus, distinctione prima, capitulo xvijo. This Lodowycus gate of Hirmengarda his firste wyfe threWillelmus de Regibus, libro secundo. For cause that Lodowicus luffede this Charls and kyssede hym moore then his brether, Lotharius hade grete indignacion, and vexenge his fader moche, put hym in prison. Giraldus ubi supra. This Lodowicus, for his grete mekenesse, suffrede grete tribulacion, what of his awne peple and what of straunge peple, untille that he governede the peple moore dis|cretely and with scharpenesse of correccion: mony men say that trowble to have happede to hym for cause Iuditha his wife was to hym within the degre of mariage. Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro primo. Wherefore this kynge exaltynge a clerke to be bischop Trajectense in Frisia, Fredericus by name, sate at dyner in the day of the consecracion of this
Giraldus, distinctione prima, capitulo decimo 7o. At the laste this Lodowycus ȝafe to Balled Charls, his sonne geten of Iuditha, the londe of Alemayne and the cuntre of Rethica, wherefore the other breþeren havynge indignacion þerof, and men of Fraunce helpynge theym, they lefte Lodowicus and erecte to theire kynge Lotharius, whiche imprisonede Ludo|wicus his fader, by auctorite of pope Gregory the iiijthe, and put Iuditha his wife unto exile, and toke Balled Charls unto the
the succedid Leo the pope iij. yere, whom Paschalis did succede vij. yere, whiche crownyde Lotha|rius, and ordeynede a congregacion of monkes of the londe of Grece in the churche of Praxedis. Willelmus de Regibus, libro primo, et de Pontificibus, libro quarto. Kenulphus the kynge of the Marches diede in this yere, whom Kenelinus his sonne did succede, havynge vij. yere in age; whiche was sleyne soone after in a thycke woode of Heskebertus, by the instigacion of Quendreda his sustyr; whom a piller of lyȝhte did schewe
AFTER Kenelme, Colwulphus brother to his fader succedid in the realme of the marches, whom Beornulphus the tyraunte expulsede after the secunde yere of his reigne, and reignede for hym ij. yere. Whiche ȝiffenge battelle to Este Ynglische men, was taken and sleyne of theyme: Ludican, cosyn to hym, wyll|ynge to venge his dethe, was sleyne also of Este Ynglische men, with v. dukes; whom Wiglanus cosyn to hym did succede, and regnede xiij. yere; but Egberte trowblede his realme longe.
the succedid Paschalis the pope iiij. yere; whiche sende the boones of seynte Sebastian to Hildewinus abbot of Seynte Dionise. Valentinus, the pope succedid Eugenius the iiij. yere. In whiche tyme seynte Swithyne was borne in the cite of Wynechestre, which eschewedeGiraldus, distinc|tione prima, capitulo xvij. Theodulphus was of noble fame in the tyme of this pope, firste the abbot Floriacense, and after the bischop Aurelianense; whiche put to exile by kyng Lodowicus, for a certyne cryme put to hym by his enemys, to the cite Ande|gavense, made "Gloria, laus," and other versus folowynge. Whiche songe afore Lodowicus kynge of Fraunce, beynge in the same cite on Palme Sonneday, ȝafe pardon to the bischop for his labore, and restorede him unto his seete. Also Rabanus, a monke Meldense, was of grete fame in this tyme; whiche made a booke of the natures of thynges, and an oþer
Willelmus de Regibus, libro secundo. Egberte kynge of Westesaxons diede, whom Athulphus other Athel|wulfus his sonne suceedid xxij. yere. This Athelwulphus wasd.the parte of his goodes to God; whiche maryede Iuditha, the doȝhter of Karolus Calvus, or Ballede Charls, in returnynge from Rome to Ynglonde. And for cause that he sette here in a throne nye to hym, ageyne the consue|tude of the realme, his eldeste sonne did ryse ageyne hym with mony gentylle men of the cuntre. Wherefore the fader ȝiffenge
Willelmus de Regibus, libro secundo.
LODOWICUS kynge of Fraunce dedde, Lotharius his eldeste son succedid; whiche reigned xv. yere his fadder beynge in lyfe, and xviij. yere after the dethe of his fader, in Ytaly, Rome, and in a parte of Germany nye to Alpes, callede Lotharingia of Lotharius. But the peple of the realme of Lotharius made in|surreccions
Giraldus, dis|tinctioneprima. And thei fauȝhte at a place callede Fontanete, where Lotharius compellyde to fle, so grete a murdre of peple was made in þat conflicte to eiþer parte that Lotharius was not able to resiste his adversaries after that tyme. The Saracenys beynge in Affrike and in Speyne herynge that, made þeim redy to entre thempire of Rome. Lodowicus dedde in the meane tyme, Karolus Calvus governede the realme allon a certeyne space. The body of seynte Bartholomewe was trans|late to Benevent in this yere; Sergius the secunde succedid Gregory the pope ix. yere. This Sergius was callede firste Osti daies. Leo the vthe succedid Sergius the pope iiij. yere, whiche repairede churches in the cite of Rome des|troyede of paganes, and made this collecte, "Deus, cujus dextera beatum Petrum," for Neapolitans fiȝhtenge ageyne the Sara|cenys on the see. And the reparacion of the churche of Seynte Petyr doen, he seide, "Deus, qui beato Petro collatis clavibus." This pope desirede as in to his sonne Alurede son of Atelwul|phus kynge of Westesaxons, whom noyntede into the kynge by
Willelmus de Regibus, libro secundo. This Lo|thrius lefte iij. sonnes after hym geten by Ermengarda his wife: Lodowicus, to whom he ȝafe the realme of Romanes with Ytaly, and to Lotharius the regalle seete of Fraunce, and to Charls an oþer province; but this Charls soone dedde, Lodowicus and
LODOWICUS, þe secunde sonne of Lotharius, after somme men reigned xv. yere, and after somme men xxij. yere, and was crownede of Sergius the pope, and hade ij. sonnes, Lodowicus kynge of Norykes, and Charls the grete or iunior; whiche vexede
Willelmus de Regibus, libro secundo. Iohn Scotte come to France in the tyme of this Lodowicus, and translate the bookes of Dionisius at the desyre of Karolus Calvus from Grewe into Latyne, and made a booke callede Perifision, of the division of nature. Whiche callede after that into Ynglonde by kynge Alurede, was sleyne with poyntells of childer whom he tauȝhte at Malmesbury. Seynte Edmund began to reigne on Este Ynglische men in this yere, and was sleyne in the xiiithe yere. Ethelwulphus kynge of Westesaxons died þe Idus of Ianuare, and beriede at Wynchestre; whom Ethelbaldus his eldest son did succede oon yere. And noo mervayl, for he maryede Iuditha, wife to his fader, ageyne the consuetude of holy churche, and was beryede at Shirburne. Martinus. Iohannes Anglicus,
Willelmus de Regibus, libro secundo. And the hed of seynte Edmunde hidde in thikke places, spake to men sechynge hym, and seide after the langage of the cuntre: "Here, here, here;" where a wulf was founde clippende the hedde of seynte
Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro secundo. Edwol|dus, broþer to seynte Edmunde, despisynge the worlde, after the dethe of his broþer, lyvede in Dorsetteschire as an heremite, contente oonly with brede and water, nye to a welle whom
LODOWICUS the thrydde reigned in Fraunce iiij. yere after Lodowicus the secunde, his fader. In whiche yere the hoste of the Danes levynge the este partes of Ynglonde, with Hin|guar and Hubba theire governoures, come to Radynge in Westesax. Where tweyne governoures of þe Danes goyngethe day folowynge, ij. breþer of the kynge of Westesax ȝiffenge metynge to the Danes, did sle a grete multitude of theyme.
the day folowynge ȝafe batelle to theyme at Asshedon, that sowndethe by interpretacion the hylle of an asse, or of an asshe, where Alurede coacte by necessite, levynge his bro|þer the kynge at masse, wente afore to ȝiffe batelle to theyme. But the preyer of that kynge was to theyme grete helpe that day, for thauȝhe the Danes hade the hier parte of the hille, neverthelesse Cristen men commynge to the altitude of the hille did sle Osric, the kynge of the Danes, with v. dukes, and mony ml. of þeim, and folowede the oþer alle day unto Radynge. But in the xiiij. day folowynge the Danes fiȝhtenge at Basynge and at Merton, hade the victory. After that the kynges of thethe kalendes of Maii, and was buryede at Wynburn. Iohn the viijthe succedid Adrian the pope xij. yere. This pope taryenge by a yere in Fraunce with Lodowicus Balbus, was put into prison by the Romanes, in that he favorede hym. Also he ȝafe to Ansegisus, bischop Cenonense, the hedde of grete Gregory and an arme of Leo the pope to be put in his churche. In the tyme of whom the vthe seeyne or cownceill of Constantinopole was halowede, of ccclxxiij. bischoppes. In whiche tyme the
ALUREDUS, the iiijthe son in byrthe, succedid after his breþer to the holle monarchye of the Westesaxons, whom he governede myȝhtely xxxti yere, but with grete and soore laboure. Of the begynnynge, progresse, and ende whom hit is to be adver|tisede that Aluredus was beawtuous of schappe, luffede moore of fader and moder then his oþer breþer, taryenge not instructe
the yere of his age. But after that he tauȝhte poemes or metres in the lan|gage of Saxons, kepede theyme in his mynde, experte in the arte of huntynge, and specially in geometry; compacte psalmes and preyers into oon boke, whiche callynge hit a hondebooke,ti yere unto the xlvthe yere more grevous þen hit was afore. Whiche gate of Ethelswitha, his qwene, ij. sonnes, Edwarde the senior and Egelwardus, and iij. doȝhters, Elfleda, lady of the Marches, Ethel|gora, a myncheon, and Elfrida, whom he causede to be informede in the artes liberalle. Alurede, a ȝiffer of almes, herer of masses, the intracer of artes not knowen, callede to hym seynte Grimbalde the monke, nobly instructe in litterature and in musyke, from the partes of Fraunce, and a monke callede Iohn from the monastery of Seynte David in Menevia, that he myȝhte be informede. Whiche provokede so moche þe noble men of his realme to learn that other they scholde sende þeire sonnes to the scole, and if thei hade noo childer they scholde sende theireWil|lemus de Regibus, libro primo. This kynge divided alle his proventes into ij. partes, oon parte whereof he subdivided ageyne into thre partes, distributynge oon parte to his ministres, whiche were divided into thre companies. For ij. partes of the kynges ministres hade licence to kepe theire awne places for theire profite for ij. monthes, and in the thrydde monethe alle the ministres of the kynge scholde come and do hym servyce. Also he assignede an oþer parte of the thre to diverse laborers
the parte was assignede to the reparacion of churches. Whiche wyllynge to spende his lyfe egally, dividede the day naturalle into thre partes, disposynge viij. howres in redynge, writynge, and in preyenge, viij. howres to the cures of his body, and viij. howres to the utilite of the realme. To the distinccion of whiche þinge he putte a candelle in his chapel of xxiiijti partes, and after the consumpcion of the partes he disposede hym to his ordinaunce. Also he fauȝhteHenricus, libro quinto. Rollo, a noble man of the Danes, entrede this tyme into Nor|mandy, in whom he reignede by xlti yere. Willelmus de Regibus, libro secundo. A man callede Hastingus by name, and after that Rollo Noricus, expulsede from theire cuntre by precepte of the
c. lxxvj., in the yere afore the dethe of Karelus Calvus, Lodowicus the sonne of whom hade victory ageyne the Normannes, but he expulsed theyme not. And Charls the Simple, brother of this Lodowicus, devicte oftetymes by this Rollo, accorded with hym at the laste by his cownesaile, that Rollo scholde be baptized, and knowlege hym to have Nor|mandy
LODOWICUS Balbus reignede in Fraunce ij. yere. In the firste yere of whom the Danes saylynge from Warham towarde Excestre loste c. and xxti schippes by a grete tempeste. Never|thelesse a parte of theyme come to Cipenham, and occupiede
Willelmus, libro secundo After that Alurede,
ti other noblemen. Wherefore the provinces of Este Ynglonde and Northumbrelonde were ȝiffen to that kynge Guttrum, whom he calle Gurmund. But
the yere. The other Danes, not willynge to receyve the feithe of Criste, wente to the costes of Fraunce. That place Ethelingeseye is not an yle of the see, but hit is so inaccessible thro myres and waters, that hit may not be commyn to but by bootte or schippe, havynge in hit diverse kyndes of bestes of venery. Karolus Iunior, sonne of Lodowicus the thridde, reignede in Fraunce x. yere, whiche goynge from Alemayne, occupiede Ytaly a certeyne tyme, and was consecrate into themperour by Iohn the pope. In the tyme of whom the cuntre of Flaundres toke begynnynge as in worschippe, for Flandres afore was not of grete name, but hit was governede by forsters of the kynge of Fraunce. This
the yere of his reigne, was poysonede by a Iewe, Sedechias by name, at Alpes. ℞. As hit semethe this is the Charls that maryede Gilla, his doȝhter geten by his firste wife, to duke Rollo, grauntynge with hir the duchery of Normandy, by whom Rollo hade noo childe. Wherefore he maryede Popa, doȝhter of Guido the erle Sil|vanectus, by whom he gate Gerlota and noble knyȝhte Wil|lelmus Longa Spata, William longe swerde. Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro secundo, in fine. Dunbertus, bischop of Wynchestre, dedde in this yere, kynge Aluredus made Dune|wulphus bischop, whom he founde kepynge bestes in tyme
KAROLUS Iunior poysonede by a Iewe, as hit is seide afore, was soore seke. Wherefore Arnulphus, sonne of Karoloman|nus his broþer, was made kynge; but after the dethe of this
ti yere. Neverthelesse this Arnulphus, vexede longe with grete infirmite, cowthe not have helpe by eny medicyne, but he was consumede by lyes or vermyn. Franco the archebischoppe of Roone, baptisede Rollo, and kynge Gut|trum diede. Willelmus de Regibus, libro ijo, in fine. The body of seynte Martyne beynge at Turon, was translate to Altisiodre, in to the churche of Seynte German, for the incursion of the Danes and of the Normannes, where mony miracles schewede, and the monkes Turonense stryvede ageyne the monkes of Altisiodore for the offrenges, and either of theym ascribede the offrenges to theire seynte. A convencion made, a leprous man was brouȝhte afore theym, whiche was healede anoon of that parte of his body turnede to seynte Martyn, that otherHenricus, libro quinto. iiij. hostes of the Danes come in this yere ageyne kynge Alurede; oon in Northumbre|londe, anoþer in Este Ynglonde, the thrydde at Excestre, the iiij. at Westechestre. But the Danes were segede soe at Westechestre that thei did eite theire horses for hungre. Thre Scottes, Dusblan, Mahbon, Malmunyn, willenge to lede a per|fite life for Criste, takenge mete with theym for oon weke, entrede a boote made of ij. skynnes and a halfe, with owte eny sayle or oþer thynges to a boote necessary, saylede from Scotte|lande
Henricus, libro quinto. The Danes beynge at Westechestre, compellede for hungre to leve those costes, robbede Northewales, and so they compassede cuntre tille they come to Este Ynglonde, where theire wifes were and schippes. The Danes returnynge thens,
the did succede oon yere and thre monethes,the succedid, whiche kepynge a cowensaile at Ravenna dampnede also the dedes of Steven, and fauȝhte ageyne the Romanes. Willelmus de Regibus, libro secundo. Kynge Alurede diede in this yere, beryede in the chyrche at Wyn|chestre,
o, writethe in this wyse:
EDWARDE the senior reignede after his fader xxiiij. yere, not so gretely instructe in connynge as his fadre, but moore glorious in chevallery. Whiche made newe cites, repairede olde, encreasenge his realme moore then his fader; for he toke the kynges of Scottes, of men of Cumbrelonde, and of men of Wales into dedicacion, and gate Estesexe, Northumbrelonde, and the Marches from þe Danes after the dethe of Elfleda, his sustir. This kynge gate of Egwina, his firste wife, Ethelstan, his firste sonne; and of Edgiva he gate Edredus and Edwinus, and vj. doȝhters, oon of whom he mariede to Otho themperoure, an oþer to Charls, kynge of the weste men of Fraunce, the thrydde to Schitericus, kynge of Northumbrelonde. Willelmus
de Regibus, libro secundo. Also he gate of Ethelwitha, the thrydde wife, Edmundus and Edredus, whiche tweyne reignede after Ethelstan their broþer, by succession; also he gate ij. doȝhters, seynte Edburga, a virgyn sacrate to God, beriede at Wynchestre, and Edgiva, a woman of beawte sovereigne,Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro secundo. Hit is rehersede of this virgyn Edburga, that when sche hade iij. yere in age her fader, willenge to prove wheþer sche scholde declyne to God or to the worlde, putte in oon parte of the chamber ornamentes of diverse possessions, and in that oþer parte chalices and vestimentes longynge to þe churche, and in an oþer parte broches and rynges. That yonge maide, brouȝhte to the chambre by here norische, was commaundid to chose of those þinge, and the yonge virgyn,
the succedid Iohn the pope iij. yere. Seynte Grimbalde, confessore, and somme tyme the maister of kynge Alurede, diede at Wynchestre in this yere. Plegmundus, archebischop of Cawnterbury, made vij. bischoppes, assignenge theym to theire seetes, þis yere; v. of theym to the cuntres of Westesaxons; that is to say, oon at Wynchestre, an other at Cornewaile, oon at Schirburne, oon at Welles, and oon at Cridington. Also oon at the Southesaxons, and oon at the Marches, in Dorkinga; for the pope Formosus cursede kynge Edwarde and men of Ynglonde for the wont|ynge
yere being acci|dentally omitted.the succedid Bene|dict the pope ij. monethes; for Christofor, his preste, put hym in prison, and occupiede his seete; but he was eiecte after the iiijthe monethe paste. Sergius the iiijthe, puttynge awey Chris|tofor the pope, succedid hym vij. yere; whiche beynge a cardinalle diacon, and reprobate by Formosus the pope, wente
CONRADUS was made emperoure in Alemeyne after Lodo|wicus, and reignede vij. yere. Neverthelesse he is not annumerate amonge emperoures, in that he reignede not in Ytaly. In thys tyme the empyre faylede from men of Fraunce, and was reioycede by men of Ytaly and of Alemeyne; for Lodowicus his predecessor was not sufficiaunte to defende the empyre from the Longobardes; and so after that ij. men were emperours, oon in Alemayne, an oþer in Ytaly, unto the tymesWillelmus de Regibus, libro secundo. This Elfleda, a myȝhty
ti yere, comme to Ynglonde þis yere, whiche goynge abowte Cornewaile, entrede the water of Severne, and robbede the costes nye to theyme, and toke a bischop of Briteyne at Irchenefelde, whom kynge Edwarde redemede for xlti. libræ. Also he chased his enemys into Yrlonde, mak|ynge towres of defense at the mowthe or durre of the water Avena, and oþer defenses at Buckyngham, on either parte of the water of Owse, subduynge to hym Turketillus, with the Danes inhabitynge Bedford and Northampton. Anastasius was pope ij. yere, whom Laudo succedid v. monethes,yere in MS. before monethes, but erased.the was pope xiiij. yere, sonne to Sergius the pope and bischop of Ravenum, thro helpe of whom Abericus the markesse expulsede Saracenys from Ytaly. Neverthelesse, a discorde movede betwene theyme, the pope expulsede Abericus from his cuntre, whiche movede soore þerwith brouȝhte men of Hungary into Ytaly, that wastede hyt, wherefore he was sleyne, and the pope was throteled of his knyȝhtes. Rollo the firste duke of Normandy, after the xlti yere of his governayle, diedete yere. Elfleda, lady of the Marches, toke prayes in the londe of Britons at Brehnoc, and toke the wife of the kynge Wales, and renewede Westechestre. Edwarde the myȝhty prynce made the cites of Touchestre and of Wiggemore, and destroyede the defenses whom the Danes hade made at Themesforde. Elfleda, lady of the Marches, toke the cite of Derbey from þe
Willelmus de Regibus, libro secundo. Elfleda ladye of the Marches diede this yere, þe xixte kalendes of Iulius, by v. yere afore the dethe of kynge Edwarde here brother, and was beryede in the churche of Seynte Petur at Gloucestre, whiche hir howsebonde and sche made uppon the boones of kynge Oswalde, translate by hir howsebonde and hir from Bradeney to that churche. But that churche destroyede by the Danes, Aldredus, archebischoppe of Yorke and of Worcestre,
Kynge Edwarde herynge of the dethe of his suster, subduede to hym Thomeworthe and Snotyngham, where he made a newe cite on the sowthe parte ageyne the olde cyte, makynge a
ETHELSTANUS, the firste sonne of kynge Edwarde, was electe to be kynge at Kyngeston in Sowtherey, nye to London, whiche
Alfridus. Kynge Ethelstan maryede his suster to Schitericus, kynge of the Danes of Northumbrelonde; which dedde soone after þat mariage, Ethelstan expulsede his sonne, and toke that realme to his governayle. After that he toke in dedicacion Hoelus kynge of Britons, and Constantyne the kynge of Scottes, by soore battles: kynge Ethelstan makynge the seide Constantyne kynge of Scottes, seide, "Hit is moore glorious to make a kynge then to be a kynge." Willelmus de Regibus, libro secundo. Also kynge Ethelstan maryede an oþer suster to Otho them|perour; of whom he receyvyd mony ȝiftes, as gemmes, and horses, and a veselle made of onichinus, transparente, and polischede by so subtile an arte þat a man myȝhte see in hit as cornes to growe, vynes to burion, and ymages of men to be
Martinus. Leo the vithe was pope iiij. yeres and vij. monethes; and Odo was made bischop of Wylton. Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro secundo. Frithstanus bischop of Wyn|chestre diede, whom Bristanus did succede, of whom hit is redde
the was pope ij. yere, and Bristanus, bischop of Wynchestre, diede, whom Elphegus the monke did succede, nye cosyn to seynte Dunstan. Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro secundo. Whiche excludynge men penitent on Askewensday after the consuetude from the churche movede theyme to applye þeym to abstinence and chastite, and to refuse the pleasure of the flesche in þat holy tyme and season of Lente. Amonge whomthe was pope oon yere, whom Leo the vijthe suc|cedid iij. yere and vj. monethes. Lodowicus, son to Charls the simple, and toWillelmus de Regibus, libro secundo. Whiche trowblede soore of Cenbarbus apostata, askede helpe of his gentilmen, and þei ȝiffenge noo answere, a noble yonge man, Hew by name, son of the erle of Mownte Desire, toke the batelle for the kynge, and
ti yere. Whiche makenge a feste to his princes in the feste off Ester, or thei were sette, the sonne of a prince, after the condicion of a childe, toke a messe from the table, whom the kynges kerver hurte soore. The maister of the childe beholdynge that did welle nye sle that kerver; themperoure dampnynge hym anoon withowte audi|ence was allemoste throtelede by the same maister of the childe. But the kynge or emperoure departede from hym with grete peyne, commaundide that maister to be reservede to lyfe, seyenge that he was culpable, that he sparede not for honoure
Willelmus de Regibus, libro secundo. When the hostes were nye togedre, Anlaf takenge an harpe in his hondes, come in the maner of an harper to the tentes of kynge Ethelstan, whiche beynge þer, seynge alle thynges to his pleasure, and takynge a rewarde for his laboure, hidde hit in the erthe. That thynge was per|ceyvyde by a man dwellynge somme tyme with Anlaf, and schewede after the departenge of Anlaf the processe to þe kynge Ethelstan. Then the kynge incusede hym that he schewede not that thynge afore. The man answeryde and seide, "O my lorde kynge, I ȝafe my feithe somme tyme to Anelaf, lyke as y have doen now to yow, wherefore and if y hade betrayede hym,
scharpe, the MS. had at first divisible, but the rubri|cator has written over it the substi|tuted adjective.xx.score. So that the three texts vary, the Latin having millia, and Trevisa, hondred.
Martinus the thrydde succedid Leo the pope iij. yere and vj. monethes. Kynge Ethelstan dedde in þis yere at Glow|cestre, withowte yssue, was beryede at Malmesbury; whom Edmunde his broþer did succede.
EDMUND, the broþer of kynge Ethelstan, havynge xxti yere in age, reignede allemoste vij. yere; whiche gate of Elgiva his
Willel|mus de Regibus, libro secundo. Men of Northehumberlonde rebellede, and callede Anelaf from Yrlonde, of whom kyng Edmund hade victory, and putte to exile Reynalde the son of Gurmund, and toke Northumbrelonde to his lordeschippe, and wastede Cumbrelonde, rebellynge also; whom he toke to Mal|colmus kynge of Scottelande, that he scholde be tru to hym. ℞. In that travayle hit semethe that kynge Edmunde toke the boones of Colfridus thabbotte, and of Hilda the abbesse, and brouȝhte theym to Glassynbery. Alfridus and Marianus reherse that this kynge, wyllynge to delyver his sewer from his enemyes, was sleyne in the vijthe yere of his reigne by the same men at Pulkirche. But William, libro ijo de Regibus, seythe that this kynge kepynge a feste at Pulkirchirche, in the feste of seynte Austyn, and seynge a thefe, Leof by name, sytte þer amonge hys gestes, whom he hade made blynde afore for his
ti yere, commynge to his duchery by grete diffi|cultes. Whiche gate of Guimora his wife, borne in the cuntre of Denmarke, v. sonnes and iij. doȝhters; the firste off whom, Emma by name, and gemme of Normandy, he maryede unto Etheldredus kynge of Ynglonde. This duke was wonte to prayHenricus. Edmunde kynge of Ynglonde toke v. noble cites from the Danes, whom they inhabite by a long season, Lincolne, Snotyngham, Derbey, Stafford, and Westechestre; and causede Christen peple to inhabite theyme, takynge Anlaf from the fonte, ȝeldynge hym to that sacramente raþer for armes
EDREDUS, consecrate of Odo archebischop of Cawnterbury, in þe towne of Kyngeston, succedid Edmunde his broþer x. yere; for the childer of his broþer, Edwyne and Edgare, were but of tendre age. This kynge Edredus contryvede soore men of Northumbrelonde rebellynge ageyne hym in the firste yere of his reigne; wherefore the Scottes, dredynge hym, made theim subiecte to hym. Iohn the xijte succedid Agapitus the pope viij. yere. Albericus the fader of whom, a myȝhty man in the cite of Rome, commaunded the noble men of the
ti yere, and
Marianus. But kynge Edmunde remembrenge the infidelite of men of Northumbrelonde, wastede theire londe, and brente the monastery of Ripen; but the kynge returnede from Yorke, an hoste brekynge owte from that cite hurte soore the extreme parte of the kyngesWillelmus de Regibus, libro ijo. And lyke as the same grownde berethe and norischethe bothe goode herbes and ylle, and oþer while a feire roose is nexte to a nettelle, so in lyke wise of Edmunde kynge come ij. sonnes, Edwine moste wickede, and Edgare moste goode.
EDGARUS, havynge xvj. yere in age, was made kynge, and reignede allemoste after his broþer xvj. yere. In the xijthe yere of the reigne of whom he was consecrate into the kynge at Bathe, of seynte Dunstan and Oswalde bischop; whiche callede anoon seynte Dunstan from exile, and made hym of þe abbotte of Glaston bischoppe of Worchestre, and made holle realmes divided, repressynge wickede men, and luffynge goode men. Whiche repairede mony churches, and clerkes putte from theym lyvynge insolentely, he putte monkes in theyme, makynge moo then xlti monasterys; amonge whom he
the, successoure to Leo the pope, sette monkes there. In his tyme was noon open robbry or thefte, other thefe but he suffrede dethe. Also that kynge commaunded alle bestes that wolde destroy peple to be sleyne. Wherefore he commaunded Ludwallus, kynge of men of Wales, that he scholde sende to hym by certeyn yeres ccc. skynnes of wulfes; and when he payede the summe or nowmbre of skynnes by iij. yere, he cowthe not fynde oon wulfe in the iiijthe yere. Item Willelmus. And thauȝhe this kynge Edgare was litelle of stature, neverthelesse he wolde have made a myȝhty man feynte in fiȝhte. Of whom hit was seide that Kynadius kynge of Scottes scholde reporte in this wise, seyenge: "Y have mer|vayle that so mony provinces be subiecte to oon soe lytelle a man." This herde of a minstrelle, reportede the same
Willelmus de Regibus, libro secundo. This kynge Edgarus gate of Egelfleda Edwarde his firste sonne, after this kynge and martir; and he gate of Alfrida, doȝhter of Edgare
ODO the archebischop of Cawnterbery diede abowte þis tyme. This Odo was a Dane by nativite and nacion, but cruellenes putte aweye, he was in servyce with kynge Edwarde the senior, and after that made preste, and soone after bischop of Worcestre. Which made kynge Ethelstan his specialle lorde and frende for the restorynge of his swerde that was loste, as hit is schewede afore in the tyme of kynge Ethelstan, in so moche that he was made archebischop of Cawnterbery. Whiche willenge to take that benefice in grete perfeccion, perceyvynge alle his predecessours to have been monkes, passede
Y knowe what the holydothe in me. But this Odo archebischoppe of Cawnterbery dedde, Elsinus bischoppe of Wynchestre ȝiffenge grete ȝiftes to his advocates, and gettynge the favor of the kynge, was electe to the archebischop of Cawnterbery. Whiche goynge to the towmbe of blissede Odo after his eleccion, and tredynge on hit violentely with his feete, seide, "O thow wickede olde man, thow haste loste thy sawle; þow hase made over late a place to thy bettyr; that y have desyrede longe y have nowe
Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro primo. Seynte Dunstan, firste abbot of Glaston, after þat bischop of Worcestre
the succedid pope Iohn iij. monethe. Nichophorus kynge of Grece, dredynge to be ex|pulsede from his realme by his sonnes in his olde age, causede theyme to be gelded, but the qwene his wife movede oon Iohn, a prince longynge to hym, to sle the kynge, that he myȝhte reigne, and so he did. Leo the viijthe succedid Bene|dicte þe pope oon yere and vj. monethes; whiche made a decrete for the malice of the Romanes imprisonynge his men, that the pope scholde not be made withowte consente of the emperoure. Whom Iohn þe xiiijthe succedid as viij. yere, whiche was taken at the laste of the governoure of the cite of Rome, and putte to exile; but he was restorede to þat office
the succedid pope Iohn oon yere and vj. monethes; whom Bonefacius the viijthe succedid iij. yere; whiche havynge noo powre to tary in the cite of Rome, robbede the churche of Seynte Petyr, and fledde to Constantinopole. Whiche returnynge to Rome with grete pryde, and prevaylynge not, pulled owte the eien of Iohn the cardinalle, and diede soone after. Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro iijo. Asketillus the archebischop of Yorke dedde, seynte Oswalde bischop of Worcestre was his successoure, havynge hit with the seete of Worcestre also. Whiche made a churche of oure blissede lady, nye to the cathedrall churche of Seynte Petyr, where he was conversante with the monkes, havynge grete favor with the peple þerby. But the clerkes of that oþer churche seenge theym as derision to the peple, hade lever have be made monkes then to have be lefte soo. This Oswalde stallede archebischop of Yorke, drawede to that cuntre mony noble clerkes, withowte
Willemus de Regibus, libro secundo. This kynge Edgare consecrate of seynte Oswalde and Dunstan in the xijte yere of his reigne, at the cite of Bathe, compassenge the northe partes of Ynglonde, come to Westechestre, where viij. under kynges mette hym; whiche entrenge with theym into a schippe, governede the sterne of the schippe, the oþer kynges laborynge with oores, goynge soe by the water of Dee unto the churche of Seynte Iohn. Whiche goynge ageyne to his
THE floure and worschippe of men of Ynglonde, Edgarus, to be hade in remembraunce as worthy to men of þat londe as kynge Alexander of men of Grece, Cirus of menti yere of his age and the xvj. yere of his reigne, the idus of Iulius, and was beriede at Glaston. Willel|mus ubi supra. The body of this kynge Edgare was founde
ti yere of his beryenge. This abbot makynge a place overstreyte for the body of the seide kynge, presumede to kytte that hooly body that hit myȝhte be receyvyde more lyȝhtely into the place ordeynede for hit, and hit bledde þer with plentuousely as and if a man in life hade be woundede. Thabbot fallen to mad|denesse diede anoon. The glorious body of that noble kynge was taken with grete honour and drede, and sette in a regalle place, diverse signes of miracles folowynge. Where afterwarde in the yere of grace a mllijti, when Ailwardus thabbot diggede his grave irreverentely, his body was founde incorrupte, and so corpulente that hit myȝhte not entre into a newe schryne made for hit, and fresche bloode was seene to distille from his body. And þerfore that body was put in a schryne that he brouȝhte to þat churche with the hedde of seynte Appollinaris and oþer relikes of seynte Vincente, whom the kynge byenge for a grete summe of money ȝafe theyme to that monastery. The abbot made madde and goynge furthe of the churche brake his nekke and diede. ℞. The storyes of Britons reherse in the lyfe ofthe daye folowynge. Into the lawde of whom Henricus, libro quinto, rehersethe in thys wyse.
Willelmus de Regibus, libro secundo. But þere be mony men attemptynge to putte poyson to the grete glory of kynge Ed|garus, sayenge that he was cruelle in his begynnynge, and usynge grete lecchery, as by exemple: Ethelwoldus the erle was somme tyme secrete with hym, whom he commaundid in
Willelmus ubi supra. Men schewe also an other exemple of lecchery to that dede of crudelite, that kynge Edgarus toke a myncheon from here monastery and defilede here. Also this kynge taryenge in a nyȝhte at Andover not ferre from Wynchestre, commaundede the doȝhter of a duke to be brouȝhte to his bedde. But the moder of that maide havynge indignacion þerof, sende an oþer servaunte arrayede nobly, beawtuous of person, and welle nurturede, to the kynge in stede of here doȝhter. The sonne begynnynge to schyne that woman besyenge her to aryse, was inquirede of the kynge why sche made soe grete haste, seide to goe to here daily laboure, askynge liberte of the kynge for here rewarde in that sche was knowen by the kynge. The kynge perceyvynge hym to be mockede, made that woman in servitute lady of lordes. But howsoever these thynges be rehersede of kynge Edgarus,
the succedid Bonefacius the pope viij. yere and vj. monethes. Otho the secunde, and son of Otho the firste, reignede in Alemayne x. yere and vij. monethes, crownede in the vijte yere of his reigne at Rome of pope Bene|dicte. Men of Ytaly arysynge and brekynge the pease, this emperoure made a grete feste to the gentil men of Ytaly at the cite of Rome, causynge theyme beynge at meyte to be compassede abowte with a grete multitude of peple armede. At the laste the emperoure movynge the compleynte of brekynge of peace, commaundede the names of men causenge hit to be wryten in a bylle, which heded þer, the emperoure causede the residu to eite in pease. In whiche yere a grete hungre occupiede the londe of Yngelonde.
EDWARD, tendre in age, thro helpe of seynte Dunstan and of other bischoppes was erecte into the kynge ageyne the wylle
Willelmus ubi supra. The seide Elfritha
EGELREDUS the sonne of Edgarus, geten of Elfritha his secunde wife, erecte into the kynge at Kyngeston, after his broþer Edwarde, segede the realme xxxviij. yere, raþer then governede hit. For the cowrse of his lyfe was cruelle and infortunate in the begynnynge, miserable in the myddes, and fowle in the ende; for when seynte Dunstan baptisede hym, he filede the holy fonte. Seynte Dunstan trowblede þer with seide, "By God and by his moder, þis childe schalle be a loselle." Also seynte Dunstan adiecte this oracle to hym in the day of his coronacion: "In that thow ascendede to the realme by the dethe of thy broþer, whose dethe Ynglische men, with that wickede woman thy moder, conspirede, manslaȝter and
the. And thauȝhe these thre men, Otho by name, succedid linially, hit was ordeynede that the emperoure scholde be chosyn by
This Otho the thrydde hade a wife, whiche movynge a man to take his pleasure of here, and he refusede that synne, was commaundede to be heded with owten audience. Neverthelesse this man spake to his wife or he was put to dethe, that sche scholde purge his innocency after his dethe by the examina|cion of hoote yrne. And at the laste the day come in whom
the was pope viij. monethes; whom Iohn the xvte succedid
the was pope x. yere. Willelmus ubi supra. Egelredus the kynge segede the cite of Rochestre, for certeyne dissencions spronge betwene hym and the bischop. Seynte Dunstan sende worde to hym that he scholde leve his cruellenesse, leste hit scholde move seynte Andrewe, patron of that place, ageyne him. That message contempte, the bischop sende to hym c. li. that he scholde departe from the cite; that taken he departede. Seynte Dun|stan mervellynge of the covetyse of the kynge, sende to hym by messangers, seyenge, "In that thow hast preferryd golde to God, and silvyr to his apostole, and thy covetyse afore my luffe, ylle thynges schalle comme soone to the, but not in my lyfe." After ij. yere y-paste nexte folowynge, seynte Dunstan diede, and the Danes come into Ynglonde. Too un|cowthe pestilence come in this yere amonge the peple of Ynglonde, and axes of men, and a dethe or infirmite of beste callede the schute. Ynglonde was redacte iiij. tymes into servitute
te ml
li. of silvyr; the secunde tribute was of xxxvjte mlli. of silvyr; the thrydde tribute was of xlviijte mlli. of silvyr; the iiijte tribute was of lxxij. mlli. of silvyr, whiche endurede by xvj. yere. This kynge hade to his secrete cownesayle specially an erle, Edricus by name, whiche was lorde of Schropschire, Herdfordeschire, and Worcestreschire, after whom alle thynge was rulede, and with|owte whom noo thynge was done. This Edricus hade alli.; after
lli.; in the thrydde tyme xxte mlli.; in the iiijthe tyme xxiiijte mlli.; after that xxxte mlli.; and at þe laste xlti mlli.; untylle
LOTHARIUS son of Lodowicus, kynge of Weste men of Fraunce, diede withowte eny childe; in whom the progeny of kynge Charls the noble prince was finischede as to the gover|naile of Fraunce. But mony men say that this Lotharius hade childer, but they succedid not in the realme, for the childer of Lotharius were taken by helpe of Richarde duke of Normandy, oftetymes trowblede by Lotharius; and grete Hewe Capet, the suster of whom Richarde duke of Normandy hade maryede, was made kynge of Fraunce, and reignede ix. yere. Seynte Oswalde, archebischop of Yorke and bischop of Worcestre, diede this yere, and was beryede at Worcestre.
the was pope as iij. yere. This pope was callede firste Brimus, cosyn to Otho themperoure, at thethe. But Otho themperour commynge to Rome, causede hym to be deposede, and made Silvestre the secunde pope. The seete of a bischoppe of Lin|disfarne
te yere callede Rich|arde the goode. For he was devoute in the servyce of God, discrete in worldely thynges, liberalle in ȝiffenge. This duke gate of his firste wife iij. sonnes, Richarde, Roberte, and William, and iij. doȝhters; he gate of his secunde wyfe, William, and Roberte archebischop of Roone. In the tyme of whiche Richarde a knyȝhte hade stollen a spoon of silvyr, and hade put hit to plegge amonge other thynges. The duke perceyvynge that, oonly redemede the goodes of the knyȝhte; that knyȝhte understondynge that, fledde for schame; but the duke folow|ynge hym brouȝhte hym ageyne, and cherischede that knyȝhte moche after. A maister Bernardus by name herenge of the fame of this noble duke, and wyllenge to be conversaunte to hym, souȝhte an occasion; at the laste he toke a bawe in his honde, and sette an arowe in hit, and wente up and downe by
Willelmus de Regibus, ubi supra. This man borne in Fraunce, Gerebertus by name, and made monke in the monastery Floriacense, levynge his monastery and chaung|ynge his habite, wente to Hispalis, a cite of Speyne, that he myȝhte lerne curious artes. Where lyke as Cristen men use
Willelmus de Regi|bus. The favor off the develle constreyned hym moche and his fortune, thro helpe of whom he founde grete treasures hidde by longe in the erthe by the arte of nigromancy. In whiche tyme þer was an ymage in the felde Marcius nye to Rome, havynge the firste fynger of the ryȝhte honde extente, and a wrytenge in the hedde of the ymage "Smyte here." Mony sup|posynge
ml talentes from the sepulcre of kynge David to remove theMartinus. After that he commaundede his body so maymede to be putte on a carte, and to be beryede in that place where the bryddes restede that hade devourede mony membres of his body, and so he was beryede at the churche Lateranense. And in a signe of forȝiffenesse a pronos|ticacion and signe of a pope to dye is taken by the swetynge of his sepulcre, as hit is schewede þer by writynge.
HEWE Capette, kynge of Weste men of Fraunce, died after the ixthe yere of his reigne, Roberte his sonne successoure to hym, whom he gate by the doȝhter of Edwarde the elder, and kynge of Ynglonde; whiche reignede abowte xxxti yere. In the tyme of whom, a religious man and pilgreme comme from Ierusalem to Scicille, whiche hade lernede of an incluseWillelmus de Pontificibus, libro quarto. This Ivo borne in the londe of Persida, refusynge the delices of the worlde, come with thre felawes with a vile habite into the yle of Rameseye, where he lyvede afterwarde. And when the sepulcre and name of hym was not knowen of men þer by longe tyme, Ivo apperede to a man and tolde to hym his name, the place, and his degre, monyschynge hym to go to the abbot of Ramesey, and that he scholde come with hym, and take his body up from the grownde. That doen, a welle spronge from the grave, that þer is not liȝhtely in Englonde eny seynte schewynge mercy and grace to men havynge devocion to
ti yere, whom the archebischop Maguntyne did crowne; whiche emperoure contynuede in virginite with his wife. Martinus. Iohn the xviijthe was pope vj. monethes. Suanus the kynge of the Danes, herynge the Danes to be sleyne in Ynglonde by treason, come with a grete navy of schippes, and londed in Cornewaile; where Swanusthe was pope v. yere. Elphegus bischop of Wynchestre was made in this yere archebischop of Cawn|terbery, after the dethe of Vulricus his predecessour; and in the vthe monethe folowynge a grete hoste of þe Danes londed at Sandwiche, robbynge Kente and Sowthesax, whom thre schrewid felawes folowede, robbynge, sleynge, and brennynge. For Egelredus the kynge, beynge at Scrobbesbury, myȝhte not repelle the Danes liȝhtely untylle thei hade spoylede Barokschire. Wherefore kynge Egelredus by the cownsaile of his gentillemen ȝafe to the Danes a tribute of xxxti ml li for to lyve in pease. In whiche yere he made Edricus the traytour governoure of the marches, a man meke of kynde, ryche of
Henricus, libro sexto. Turkillus an erle of the Danes londed at Kente, to whom men of Kente ȝafe to have pease iij. ml li; and so the Danes, goynge to the yle of Wiȝhte, and toke theire pray. And when the kynge wolde have ȝiffen batelle to theym, that tray|tour Edricus movede hym unto the contrary. The Danes made ryche þerwith, wastede allemoste þe halfe parte of the realme of Ynglonde, as from the cite of Northampton unto the yle of Wiȝhte; takynge the goodes of men and sleynge after theire pleasure as withowte eny resistence.
THE Danes segede the cite of Cawnterbery, abowte the feste of seynte Mathewe; whiche cite was taken in xxti day of the segynge of hit, and was brente by treason of Almarus thethe reservede; somme of whom were sleyne by the swerde, and somme hongede by theire mem|bres,
ti, untille that þe hoste was consumpte moche. Wherefore the Danes were movede by Cristen peple that thei scholde make satisfaccion to the bischoppe; but thei wolde not: whiche takynge hym in the vigille of Ester, ȝafe choyce to hym other to pay iij. mlli. for his redempcion, or to loose his lyfe. The bischoppe commaundid his men that thei scholde not pay oon peny for hym. The Danes movede moche þerat, and made drunke thro ryette, brouȝhte furthe þe bischop in the Seturday folowynge, and did slee hym with stones and with boones of bestes, þe xiijthe kalendes of Maii. And sepultureWillclmus de Pontificibus, libro secundo. This Elphegus induede with the habite of a monke, lyvede as an ankre at Bathe,
ti yere, he was made metropolitan of Ynglonde ageyne his wylle; whiche goynge to Rome, was spoylede of his goodes in a towne by the weye, and after that the towne was in pereschynge thro fire. Then the wrecchide men confessynge theire trespasse preiede the servaunte of God of forȝiffenesse, and his goodes restorede the men see the fyre to be extincte thro his preyers. Martinus. Benedicte the viijthe succedid Sergius the pope xij. yere; of whom Petrus Damianus rehersethe that a bischop see hym syttenge on a blacke horse, and to be peynede soore. Where|fore he preiede that bischop that see the siȝhte, to goe to Iohn þe xxti his successour, and that he wolde pray hym to distribute into almes a certeyne summe of goode, assignenge the place where the treasure was, seyenge that the goodes distribute by hym profite not, for thei were of rape; that doen, the bischop
Henricus, libro sexto. Suanus kynge of the Danes, compassenge Este Ynglonde with a grete navy of schippes, entrede into the water of Humbre, goynge by the water of Trente unto Geynesburgh; to whom men inha|bitynge the northe partes of Watlyngestrete promysed fidelite, ȝiffenge to hym certeyne plegges; takynge oon hoste to his sonne Canutus to kepe that cuntre, whiles he did waste the sowthe marches, sleynge men, and reservynge women to the pleasure of theire flesche. After that he toke Oxenforde and Wynchestre; whiche goynge to London, and inquirynge noo brigge, loste mony men in the water of Thamys; and put from London by the presence of the kynge, subduede to hym þe West saxons; men of London seenge that submitte theim to hym also, sendynge to hym plegges þerfore. The kynge trowblede gretely þerwith, sende Emma his wife, with his ij. sonnes and the bischop of London, unto Richarde the secunde duke of Normandy, broþer to his wife, and he kepede a poore Criste|masse at the yle of Wyȝhte. Whiche beynge at the laste asWillelmus de Pontificibus, libro secundo. Canutus his sonne, herynge þerof, began to do moore mekely with seynte Edmund, and made a diche abowte the grownde of the seide martir, and grawntenge fre liberte and immunite to the towne, made a monastery on the body of the martir, and putte monkes into hit, induynge that place with noble possessions. From whiche tyme a con|suetude is usede in Englonde, kynges to sende the crownes whom they wylle not were to seynte Edmund, whom thei redeme by a grete pryce.
SUANUS dedde the Danes erecte Canutus his sonne into theire kynge. Men of Yngelonde sende to Normandy to kynge
the kalendes of Maii at London, and was beryede in the churche of Seynte Paule; after the dethe of whom bischoppes and abbottes, and oþer gentylmen of the realme, denyenge the progeny of Egelredus, confessed at South|amptonAlfridus et Marianus. But Edmund scholde have hade a grete victory of the Danes in the day folowynge, but that Edricus the traitoure lette hit, schew|ynge to men of the hoste of Edmund, the hedde of a knyȝhte lyke to hym, seyenge to theyme, "Beholde, sers, the hedde of youre lorde." But Edmunde knowynge that treason, fauȝhte moore manfully untylle nyȝhte; and Canutus wente towarde London in the nyȝhte, and Edmund folowynge hym, delyverede the cite, and after that the Danes were devicte at Brenteforde in the thrydde tyme. Then that traytour Edricus promised fidelite to Edmund Irenside. Also the seide Edmund hade victory of the Danes robbynge Kente at Otteforde, chasede theyme to the yle of Shepey. This Edmunde turnede to Westesax, Canutus spoylede the Marches; whom Edmunde mette at Asshedon, makynge a soore batelle. That Edricus seenge the Danes to be inclynede, stale his weye from the hoste, where mony men were sleyne longynge to Edmund, with the bischoppe of Lincoln and thabbot Ramesey, commyn thyder to
CANUTUS reioycynge the monarchy of Ynglonde after þe dethe of Edmund, reignede allemoste xix. yere; whiche dividede the realme of Ynglonde into iiij. partes, assignynge to hymselfe Westesex, to Turkillus the erle Esteynglonde, to Edricus theHenricus, libro sexto. This worde Adelynge is compownde after the langage of Saxons, of Adel, that is noble, and of this worde lyng, that is an ymage, as a noble ymage. Wherefore the Westesaxons have in grete despite that person, whom they calle Hindirlynge, sowndynge as deiecte from honeste. Hooly kynge Edwarde intended to have made this Edgar Adelyng his successour of the realme of Ynglond, neverthelesse he, dredynge the sonnes of Godewyn and the wickydnesse of the peple, made William of Normandy his successour. Willelmus de Regibus, libro secundo. This Canutus, thenkynge to be sure of the realme, mariede Emma the qwene unto hym, of
Henricus, libro sexto. Canutus the kynge wente in this yere to Denmarke, takynge an hoste of Yng|lische men with hym ageyne the Wandalynges contrarious to hym. Wherefore in the nyȝhte afore that batelle scholde have folowede, Godewyn the duke, takynge with hym the hoste of Ynglischemen, the kynge not knowynge, wente to the Wandal|ynges,Alfridus. Aldunus bischop of Lindisfarne dedde, and that seete beynge vacante allemoste by iij. yere, a seeyne was hade for eleccion of the bischop, where a preste, Edmund by name, commynge to the seide eleccion, seide in this wise to his felowschip, "Wherefore luffe ye not my person?" The peple fastynge by thre daies, desyred God and seynte Cuthberte that thei myȝhte have knowlege what man scholde reioyce that
Willelmus de Pontifici|bus, libro primo. Briȝhtwoldus monke of Glassynbery, after that bischop of Wilton, beynge in contemplacion, thouȝhte of
Willelmus de Regibus, libro secundo. Egel|nothus, archebischop of Cawnterbery, translate the body of seynte Elphegus from London to Cawnterbery in this yere by licence of kynge Canutus, and after that goynge to the cite Papy from Rome bouȝhte an arme of seynte Austyn for a c. talentes of silvyr and oon talente of golde, whiche he sende to
RICHARDE the secunde, and the iiijthe duke of Normandy, diede þis yere; whom his sonne Richarde the thrydde did suc|cede; whom Roberte the yonger broþer poysenede after the firste yere of his governayle. Wherefore the same Robert, successour to hym, after the vijthe yere of his governayle, with grete compunction wente barefote to Ierusalem, and diede at Bithinia; of whom hit is rehersed that he was myȝhty in batelle, liberalle in ȝiffenge, and profuse in makynge festes. Where hit happede in a grete feste that the seide duke offrenge with his knyȝhtes, oon of his knyȝhtes offred not; the duke suppos|ynge he hade not eny thynge to offre, commaunded an cli. to
li. to be taken to hym to his awne use. That duke playenge an other tyme at the chesse, a botelle of golde onorned mervellousely with gemmes, was brouȝhte to hym, whom he ȝafe anoon to a clerke playenge with hym, and the clerke diede anoon after. Leches assignede this to be the cause, seyenge that lyke as a herte schutte for grete sorowe, and not opened soone, inducethe dethe, so the herte openede for grete ioye, and not schutte soone, inducethe dethe. Also a man brouȝhte to the duke ij. ryalle knyfes, to whom he ȝafe a cli., whiche tellynge that money, in the meane tyme ij. noble horses were ȝiffen to the duke, whom he ȝafe also to þe same man, the man ȝiffenge thonkynge to þe duke departede prively awey. After that a cuppe of sylver was taken to the seide duke, that man bryngynge the knyfes to the duke souȝhte and not founde, the duke was soory, sayenge that he hade not a condigne rewarde for his knyves. Hit was seide that this duke wolde have ȝiffen to a man that hade brouȝhte hym enythynge of worschip or pleasure whatsoever thynge that hade ben ȝifen to
Willel|mus de Regibus, libro tertio. This duke Robert goynge in a tyme thro Phalesia a cite of Normandy, perceyvede the doȝhter of a skynner, Arlet by name, dawnesynge amonge oþer women, and takynge hir to hym in the nyȝhte, and usynge here a cer|teyne season in the maner of his wife, gate of here William þe
IOHN þe xxti succedid Benedicte the pope ix. yere. In whiche yere Marianus the Scotte was borne, thro the labor of whom this presente cronicle was encreasede moche. Marianus. Men of Norway repellynge seynte Olavus theire kynge for his grete mekenesse, toke Canutus to theire kynge, whiche was sleyne wikkidly in the iiijthe yere folowynge. Roberte kynge of Fraunce diede in this tyme, whom Hewe his sonne did succede; in whiche yere also Canutus, levynge Denmarke,the succedid pope Iohn viij. yere; this pope was eiecte, and an oþer callede Silvestre subrogate; but that pope Silves|tre eiecte, Benedict þe pope was restorede. This Benedict made
Marianus. Canutus the kynge, a lytelle afore his dethe, made Suanus his sonne, as men supposed, geten by Elgiva, kynge of Norway in þis yere. But mony men say that Elgiva havynge noo childe by Canutus, feynede her as with childe, and hade the childe of a myncheon, brouȝte to here bedde, delyverede and brouȝhte into the worlde but newly afore, and caused Canutus to beleve that hit was his sonne. But Canutus made Hardeknutus kynge of the Danes
Henricus, libro sexto. This Canutus was seide to have done iij. noble thynges. The firste was that he mariede his doȝhter to Conradus themperour; the secunde was that he visitte Rome solennely, and come ageyne bryngynge with hym a grete parte of the holy crosse. The thrydde was that he commaunded in a tyme a cheire to be sette in the side of þe see, whiche commaunded the waterMarianus. Mony men say this Haralde to havethe day folowynge, Ethelricus bischop of Wynchestre diede, whiche preyede God oftetymes that he scholde not lyve longe after Ethelnotus. Wherefore Edsius chapelayn of kynge Harald reioyced the seete of Cawnterbery, and Stigandus, an other chapeleyne, was made bischop of Wyn|chestre, and archebischop after Edsius. This kynge Harold diede at London after the iiijthe yere of his reigne, and was beryede at Westemynstre; after the dethe of whom gentylle men of Ynglonde sende, for Hardeknutus kynge of Denmarke, taryenge at Flaundres with his moder.
HARDEKNUTUS commynge to Ynglonde reignede þer iij. yere, doynge not eny thynge worthy glory; sendynge anoon Alfricus archebischop of Yorke, with Godewinus the erle, to London, causede the body of kynge Harald, beryede but late
Willelmus de Regibus libro secundo. This kynge Hardeknutus maryede his beautuous sustyr Guinulda to Henre the emperour, whiche accusede after that of adul|tery, her sonne whom sche brouȝhte from Ynglonde with here was assignede to fiȝhte ageyne the accuser of his moder; whiche yonge man hade victory ageyne the accuser of his moder, by the helpe of God. Guinulda, gladde of that victory, wolde not assente to themperour that he scholde fullefille the pleasure of the flesche with here after þat tyme; but sche refusynge his felowschippe, toke the habite of religion. Hen|ricus, libro sexto. In the tyme of this Hardeknutus, Alfridus and Edward, sonnes of Emma, after theire longe taryinge in
the was reservede; and after that he made theyme to be tythede ageyne, thenkynge the nowmbre over moche, causenge oon of theire guttes to be taken owte and fastede to a pale, and the bodye to be turnede abowte unto the laste partes of the inwarde partes or bowelles were extracte. Alfride takyn and made blynde, and after sende to Hely, lyvede not longe after; Emma herynge that sende Edwarde her sonne to Normandy. That erle Gode|winus blamede of the gentyllemen of the realme, and of Harde|knutus the kynge, for that offense swerede and made a protestacion, that he hade not do so but he was coacte by the strenȝthe of kynge Harald. Conradus the firste and emperour dedde, Henre the secunde, his sonne in lawe, was successoure
Willelmus de Regibus, libro secundo. This emperour hade a sustyr made a myncheon, whom he myȝhte unnethe suffre to be from hym. But hit happede a clerke of the courte to be of suche familiarite with the myncheon that he lay with here alle a nyȝhte. That clerke perceyvynge that hit hade snowede moche, and that the snawe hade coverede the grownde, thenkynge bothe perelleMarianus. In the tyme of this emperoure there was so greet division in the churche of Rome that iij. men were electe to be pope. For a preste, Gracianus by name, was made pope for goodes that he hade ȝiffen; but this emperoure comynge to Rome to mitigate that rumor, receyvyde a crowne of the seide Gracianus; neverthelesse he was deposed in that he was con|victe of symony, and an other subrogate. In the tyme of this emperoure the body off Pallas was founde at Rome incorrupte, havynge a wounde in hit of iiij. foote and a halfe, havynge a lawnterne inextinguible at his hede, the altitude of whom excellede the altitude of the walle of the cite; and that lampe
GREGORIUS the vjthe, callede afore Gracianus, succedid Benedicte allemoste iiij. yere. Willelmus de Regibus. This pope, a man of grete religion and audacite, ȝafe batelle on a season to Henre the emperoure, whiche founde the state of the churche of Rome so decreased that he hade unnethe eny thynge to hym and to the cardynalles excepte fewe cites and places nye to the cite of Rome, and the offerynges of tru peple. For theire goodes were taken awey by thefes and robbers, inso|moche that thei come to the churches and toke awey goodes offrede in þeim; and mony of theym usede woodes and rob|bede pilgremes, that the visitacion of Petyr and of Paule was not usede, what for robbers in the wey, and what for murdre of peple in the cite and in the churche of Seynte Petyr. Gregory the pope perceyvnge this, movede the wickede peple by feire wordes to amende theire wickede lyfe, but noo profyte folow|ynge, he cursede all those wickede men solennly, and alle men havynge communicacion with theyme. The pope prevaylynge
the idus of Iunius, and was beryede at Wynchestre with his fader. Henricus, libro sexto. This man was called
Willelmus de Regibus. Wherefore peple off Ynglonde sende to Normandy for Edwarde to be crownede into kynge, suertes made in this condicion, that he scholde brynge with hym fewe men from Normandy; the parte of whom Leofricus the erle of Chestre did helpe, Godewinus duke of Westesaxons, and Livingus bischoppe of Worcestre. ℞. Neverthelesse Marianus rehersethe that Hardeknutus the kynge sende afore Edward his broþer, and made hym to tary in his cowrte.
Willelmus de Regibus et Marianus. Edward commen into Ynglonde was crownede into kynge at Wynchestre of Edsius archebischop of Cawnterbury; whiche reignede xxiiijti yere. This kynge maryede Editha doȝhter of Godewinus the duke, whom he entretede soe that he expellede hir not from his bedde, neither hade eny fleschely knowelege of her; I knowe not wheþer hit was doen for hate of her bloode, or for the luffe of chastite. But this is for a trawthe, that the kynge lyvede in alle his dayes with owte eny actualle fleschely synne with
Marianus. Elfwordus bischop of London, and somme tyme abbot of Evysham, thenkynge hym not apte to kepe that governayle for grete infirmite, wolde have bene presidente at Evysham, but the breþer refusenge hym, he takynge awey the goodes of the monastery and ryalle
Marianus. Kynge Edwarde gedred a grete navy of schippes at Sandewiche, intendynge to have ȝiffen batelle tothe succedid pope Gregory allemoste ij. yere, whiche byenge that office was deposed, and Clement the secunde subrogate as for oon yere; whom Poppo or Damasus the secunde succedid ij. monethes, whom Leo the ixthe succedid v yere. Haralde kyngeMarianus. A grete snawe felle in this tyme in the weste partes of Ynglonde, in so moche that hit brake grete trees in woodes, contynuynge from the kalendes of Ianuary unto the feste of Seynte Patrikke; and
Marianus. Leo the pope and Suanus kynge of Denmarke wente with Henre them|peroure ageyne Baldewyn erle of Flaundres, and kynge Edwarde kepede the see with a navy of schippes untille themperoure hade his purpose. This pope Leo, put to that office be the seide emperoure, and not by tru eleccion, resignede that office, and was electe ageyne by the convente of cleregy. Men of Yrlonde havynge helpe of Gryffyn kynge of Wales, entrede the water of
EDWARDE kynge of Ynglonde releschede to men of thatti yere. Edsius archebischop of Cawnterbery dedde in this yere, kynge Edwarde ȝafe that seete to Robert, made bischop of London afore by the seide kynge. And in the monethe of September nexte folowynge Eustachius the erle Bononiense, whiche hade maryede but late afore Goda, suster of kynge Edward,E., MS.Willelmus de Regibus, libro secundo. At the laste a grete conflicte made the citesynnes did sle xxti men longynge to that erle, mony other wounded soore, inso|moche that the erle unnethe escapynge wente to Gloucestre to the kynge with oon man, whom he moved soore ageyne men of Ynglonde. Wherefore Godewinus erle of Kente was com|maunded to venge the iniury doen to the erle. But erle Gode|winus seenge aliauntes to prevayle with þe kynge, and his peple like to be troubled, seide to the kynge that the kepers of the castelle of Dovor scholde by ryȝhte appere afore his hihenesse, and if thei were founde gilty to be entretede in theire bodies and goodes to þe pleasure of þe kynge. Wherefore the kynge perceyvynge this erle Godewinus as to despise his commaunde|ment, callede the noble men of þe realme to hym, commaundynge specially Leofricus erle of þe Marches, and Siwardus erle of
Londe] sic in MS.ti yere of his age, and was made monke at Colonia, a cite of Alemayne, in the monastery of Scottes. Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro primo, et Marianus. Godewynus and alle his sonnes were accorded with kynge Edward in this yere, Suanus excepte, whiche contrite and compuncte in herte for the dethe of Beornus his cosyn, wente from Flanders barefote to Ierusalem, and after that to Licia, diede for colde. And after this tyme the Normannes cownsellours of the kynge were exiled, and specially Roberte archebischop of Cawnterbery, whiche causede specially Godewinus the erle to be put to exile. Whiche goynge to Rome, returnede with letters of the pope to his monastery Gementike, where he diede. Whom Stigandus did succede; whiche levynge somme tyme the seete of Schir|burne, entrede the seete of Wynchestre by presumpcion and supportacion; a man makynge marchandise openly of the goodes of the churche, not instructe in connynge, as alle bischoppesWillelmus de Pontificibus, libro secundo. That tyme men songe openly in stretes that the man was not able to be a bischoppe that cowthe not abuse the pride of the worlde, surfettes, lecchery, ryalle apparayle, and grete company of knyȝhtes and of other men. The bischoppes were wonte to say to that objeccion, "Nowe is an oþer tyme, and the disposicion of us is after the disposicion of the tyme." Marianus. A famose clerke was in Yrlonde abowte this tyme, Barbosus by name, a man of mervellous religion, insomoche that he kepede a grete scole of clerkes, laymen, and of maydens; but he was put from Yrlonde in that he did rownde the maydes after the consuetude of men. Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro secundo. Seynte Alfwolde, the laste bischop of Schireburn, diede abowte this tyme; whiche made bischop of a monke of Wyn|chestre, usede brede and water, grete festes usede of other peple in Ynglonde from the commynge of Danes into that londe;
VICTOR the secunde succedid Leo the pope ij. yere and iij. monethes; whiche kepynge a cownsaile at Florence in Ytaly, deposed mony bischoppes for symony and fornicacion. Maria|nus. The noble duke of Northumbrelonde, Siwardus by name, contrivede the cuntre or londe of Scottes with ij. hostes, oon in the see, an other in the londe, by commaundemente of Edwarde kynge of Ynglonde, and expellede the kynge of Scottes, makynge
the fery; then the cowntes of Godewynus were ȝiffen to Harald, and the cowntee of Harald was ȝiffen to Algarus sonne of Leofricus the erle. Kynge Edwarde send in this yere Aldredus bischop of Worchestre to themperoure Henre the secunde, preyenge hym that his letters sende to Hungary he myȝhte have Edward, sonne of Edmund Irenside broþer to hym, to tary in Ynglonde with hym; for the kynge hade intendede to have made hym his successor. Neverthe|lesse the seide Edwarde commen to Ynglonde, diede at London in the thrydde yere folowynge, longe afore the kynge. That Edwarde was fader of Margarete qwene of Scottes, and of Edgare Adelynge; whiche Margarete was moder to David kynge of Scottes, and to Matilda qwene of Ynglonde, getyn of here by Malcolinus kynge of Scottes. Marianus. Kynge Edwarde exilede in this yere Algarus son of Leofricus with owte cause, whiche felowschippede to Griffyn kynge of Wales, wastede the province of Herdford, and toke the cite of Herd|ford, and brente the monastery, and did sle vij. chanons. But Harald the erle put theim to fliȝhte, and folowede theyme; never|thelesse
Marianus. Siwardus the noble duke of Northumbrelonde diede at Yorke of the flix,Marianus. Hermannus bischop of Wilton or Ramesbury, desired of the kynge that he myȝhte chaunge his seete to Malmesbury abowte this tyme, and obteynede licence by grete instaunce. But the gentillemen of that cuntre not suffrenge hym to do so, he lefte that seete, and goynge over see was made a monke, contynuynge so thre yere, Aldredus bischop of Worcestre ministrynge in that tyme in his diocyse for hym. But in suche men hoote luffe of religion is made soone colde; the thre yere apaste he come to Ynglonde ageyne, for hit grevonde moche þe seide bischoppe, wonte of tendre age to obsequyes and delices, to wonte and leve theyme in age whom he hade expert in yowthe; and the rumor that the
the yere of William Conqueroure, whiche tyme he wente from Schirburn to Salisbery. Willemus de Regibus. Haralde and Tostius playenge in this yere afore the kynge, Haralde drawede his broþer Tostius by the hedde otherwise then game required, and wolde have throteled hym, but that he was taken awey. The kynge perceyvynge that, seide to men sittynge nye to hym that þer scholdenot is here wrongly inserted above the line.Willelmus de Regibus libro secundo. A woman was in Berkeley abowte this tyme ȝiffen to ylle artes and craftes, whiche makynge a grete feste, and herynge ati nyȝhtes, and say masse by so mony daies. And if y lye soe by thre dayes, bery the body in the iiijthe day." But this laboure was made in veyne, for they preyenge in tweyne of the firste nyȝhtes the
HENRE the thrydde sonne of Henre þe secunde, was emperour reignynge in Alemayne as xlti yere. This emperoure troublede in a tyme the churche ageyne Hildebrandus the pope, willynge to make an oþer; neverthelesse he was pleasede, and wente from
the, abbot of the mownte Cassyne, succedid Victor the pope viij. monethes, whom Benedicte the xthe succeedid ix. monethes, whiche made pope by powere lefte that charge. Agelricus bischop of Dirham, levynge his seete voluntaryly, wente to the monastery of Petyrborowe, where he was noryschede, whereMarianus. The noble erle Leofricus, son of Leof|winus duke off the Marches, diede in this yere in his towne Bromleygh, the secunde kalendes of Octobre, and was beryede at Coventre in the monastery þat he made. Whiche erle encreasede in grete richesse and repairede mony monasterys, by the cownsaile of God and Marye his blissede moder, whom Godgiva his wife honourede moche, as the monastery Leofnense nye to Hereforde, þe monastery Wenlacense, of Worcestre, and of Evysham, and ij. churches in Westechestre, of Seynte Iohn and of Seynte Werburgg; the circumspeccion of whom was grete profite to þe realme of Ynglonde. ℞. And at the instance of his wife he made the cite of Coventre fre from tolle, excepte the toll of horses; and to make the cite free from that tolle the cowntesse Godgiva, his wife, did ryde nakede thro the myddes
Willelmus de Regibus. A citesynne of Rome, Lucianus by name, a noble man of bloode, and of grete rychesse, mariede a woman Eugenia by name; wherefore he made a feste to his felawes, and after that thei hade dynede thei walkede unto the feldes for cause of pleasure and of diges|tion. This Lucianus willynge to play at the balle, putte his weddynge rynge on the fynger of an ymage nye to hym. But his body begynnynge to be feynte thro that laboure, he de|partede firste from that game, and goynge to that ymage to take his rynge, founde the fynger of þat ymage folden faste to the honde of þe ymage, with the rynge on hit. This man makynge moche laboure cowthe neiþer take the rynge neiþer breke the fynger, where he departede prively, levynge that thynge from his felawes leste thei scholde have skornede hym or elles oftaken the rynge awey in his absence. Whiche com|mynge to that place in the begynnynge of the nyȝhte, and fyndynge þe rynge taken awey and the fynger extente, mervaylede moche. After that this yonge man turnynge hym
Marianus. Aldredus bischop of Worcestre made seynte Wulstan, prior of Worcestre, bischop þerof by licence of the kynge, takynge the seete of Wilton to Hermannus; whiche passynge the see wente to Hungary, and from that londe to Ierusalem, on pilgremage, whiche thynge noo bischop of Yng|londe performede afore hym. In Alemayne ij. monasteryes of Scottes were brente by theire awne negligence, whiche destruc|cion a monke þer, Paternus by name, seide afore to falle, whiche was a incluse, and in the tyme of that fire he wolde not goe
NICHOLAUS the secunde succedid Benedict the pope, eiecte or expulsede allemoste ij. yere. In the tyme of whom the churches of Fraunce were trowblede moche by Berengarius archidiacon Turonense, whiche seide the blissede sacramente in the awter not to be the very body of Criste, but a similitude of hit. Wherefore this pope callede a cownesayle of cxiij.
A man may perceyve here howe that laudable bischop makethe excesse in lawde of the seide Berengarius, but the use of poetes and of rethoricions is to wryte soe. But hit is to be adver|tisede that thauȝhe this Berengarius correcte his lyfe, he correcte not alle peple whom he hade infecte with his heresy in diverse cuntres, for thauȝhe his synne was doen awey the synne of other men schalle greve hym. Whiche thynge venerable Fulbert bischop Carnotense, laborynge in grete infirmite in his extreme daies, perceyved, whiche seenge Berengarius comme to visitte hym amonge oþer, seide: "Expelle hym, for y see a develle folowynge hym þat dothe corrupte the aiere." Also the seide Berengarius dienge in the day of the Epiphany, and havynge in remembraunce how mony wicked peple he hade causede thro his erroure in his yowthe, seide: "As y suppose, Criste schalle appere to me in þis day of his apparicion, other for my penaunce to glory, other to peyne for oþer men
Henricus, libro septimo. Harolde saylynge to Normandy in this yere to visitte Wilnotus his broþer, and Hacun the sonne of his broþer, beynge
Henricus, ubi supra. Tostius beynge at Wyndeshore in the kynges courte, and displeasede, departede with indignacion unto Herford, where Harold his broþer hade ordeynede a regalle feste to the kynge, kyttynge the membres of the servauntes of his broþer, and castynge theyme into bryne, sendynge worde to the kynge that he scholde have salte meytes y nowe if ho wolde comme to his place. Men of Northumbre|londe herynge þat, expulsede Tostius from his cuntre, and did slee his ministres, brake his treasure howse, and caused hym to flee into Flandres. Willelmus de Regibus. But the kynge herynge that, sende Harolde into þat cuntre to venge the iniury
KYNGE Edwarde syttynge in Ester day at dyner at West|mynstre, and oþer men eitynge avarousely, lauȝhede after that he hade ben as in a study. The kynge inquirede after dyner the cause of laȝhynge, ansuerede and seide, "that the vij. sle|pers in the mownte Selius, nye to the cite of Ephesus in the lesse Asia, whiche rested by vij.c. yere by the ryȝhte side,
ti. yere, in which tyme that harde chaunce that Criste rehersethe in his Gospelle schalle comme to mortalle men, Peple schalle aryse ageyne peple; for Saracenes schalle ryse ageyne Cristen peple, and Cristen men ageyne theyme." Also the kynge adiecte the habitudes of theire bodies, whiche thynge noon oþer wrytynge expressethe, wherefore ministres of the kynge sende diverse messyngers to Nicent, emperourethe kalendes of Maii, as thro alle þe worlde by vij. daies contynually, whom
Willelmus de Regibus, ubi supra. And Harolde occupiede the realme anoon as by ix. monethes. And somme men wolde have made Edgarus, sonne of Edmunde Irenside, to have been kynge; but for cause he was a childe, and not apte to that charge, Harolde was suffrede to reioyce the realme. ℞. Neverthelesse Maria|nus rehersethe that kynge Edward afore his dethe made Harolde his successoure, whom the gentillmen of the londe made kynge after the dethe of kynge Edward. This Harold consecrate into the kynge by Aldredus, archebischop off Yorke, began to destroye wickede lawes, to defende the churche, to have religious men in reverence, to punysche transgressors, and to defende the cuntre. Tostius, his broþer, herynge that
the day folowynge kynge Harolde ȝafe batelle to þeim at Stemesford|brigge,
ti men of Ynglonde with a batelle ax, and taryenge alle the hoste of Ynglische men, that thei cowthe not entre on the brigge from morowe unto xij. of the clokke, with owte eny wounde, untille that a man of Ynglonde goynge with a bootte under the brigge, pereschede hym thro the body with a spere. Harolde the kynge, gladde of that victory, hade indignacioun to divide the grete rychesse geten in that felde with his peple, wherefore mony noblemen of his hoste departede from hym, goynge to ȝife a newe batelle ageyne William the noble duke of NormandyWillelmus de Regibus, libro secundo.
THIS Harolde reioycynge the realme of Ynglonde, thouȝhte hym as free of that promyse made to William duke of Nor|mandy, in that the doȝhter of William, whom he scholde have mariede, diede with ynne yeres of mariage, and in that William duke of Normandy hade grete werre and batelles of cuntres nye to hym. Neverthelesse this duke sende to hym writeng pleasaunte in parte, and manassynge also, for the promyse broken that he made to hym. But Harolde sende to hym writynge ageyne, seyenge a presumptuous promisse not to be observede, and specially to hym of a strange realme with owte a generalle decrete of the londe; and also an othe or promyse made by foly to be broken, and specially coacte by necessite of tyme. Wherefore the seide duke instorethe a batelle, desirenge the favor of pope Alexander, whiche pope sende to hym licence to execute his purpose, with a baner also. ℞. The causes folowynge causede the seide duke to ȝiffe batelle ageyne Harolde.
Henricus, libro sexto. The gentyllemen of Normandy takynge cownesaile of that viage to be made in Ynglonde, William the sonne of Usbertus, sewer to the duke, movede theim to leve that iourney, what for the fewe nowmbre of peple, and what for the cruelnesse. The seide gentillemen comfortede moche with that seyenge, seide utterly they wolde folowe the wille of the seide yonge man; this yonge man presentede to the duke seide that he was redy to þat iourney; the gentille men herynge that myȝhte not eny oþerwise for schame. Willielmus de Regibus, libro tertio. This duke William lyenge longe in the haven of Seynte Walericus for wynde, his peple grucchede moche, seyenge that hit was foly to
Henricus. But afore the hostes mette, a man of Normandy, Tailefer by name, toke a toohonded swerde, and playenge afore the hostes did slee oon of Ynglishe men berynge a standart metynge hym, and after an other, and the seide Tailefer sleynge the thrydde man was sleyne also, and with that the hostes mette togedre with a songe of Rolland begunne of the parte of the Normannes;ti
Alfridus. The dethe of kynge Harolde schewede, Edwinus and Morkarus, erles of the Marches and of Northumbrelonde, whiche withdrawede theyme from kynge Harolde, come to London; whiche sende Algitha theire sustir, wife of Harolde, to the cite of Chestre, with Aldredus archebischop of Yorke and of London, promisynge to erecte Edgarus Adelynge into kynge, and to fiȝhte for hym. But the fame of this noble duke spryng|ynge thei wente from theire purpose, whiche commynge to the seide duke ȝafe theire hendes to hym promisynge fidelite, plegges and suertes þereof taken to the seide duke of Normandy.
THIS noble duke commen to London, was crownede kynge at Westemynstre of Aldredus archebischop of Yorke, Stigan|dus
Willelmus, libro primo. Whiche wente to Normandy in Lente nexte folowynge, levynge Odo the bischop Baiocense,Alfri|dus. After that, wynter drawynge nye, kynge William re|turnede
the day folowynge. The Normannes kepers of the castelle of Yorke, dredynge that the howses of the subarbes scholde be helpe and socoure to the Danes, sette fire in theyme, whiche encreasynge moche, turnede into the cite, and brente a grete parte of the cite with
l of the Nor|mannes. Kynge William havynge indignacion thereof, wastedeWillelmus de Pontificibus, libro primo. A cownsaile
Willel|mus de Pontificibus, libro suo tertio. A man of noble chere, eloquente in communicacion, whiche made a feire churche at Yorke, makynge the chanons ryche þer, and makynge also songes of the churche. Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro primo. After that the kynge callynge to Ynglonde from Nor|mandy
Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro primo. Thomas, archebischop of Yorke by eleccion, come to this Lanfrancus to be consecrate after the consuetude; of whom Lanfrancus de|sirede to have afore his profession of obedience to be made to hym with an othe þeruppon. The seide Thomas seide utterly he wolde not do so withowte he see wrytynge of auctorite þeron, other herde evidente reason þerfore whereby he awe to do that with owte preiudice of his churche. And when this noble clerke Lanfrancus hade schewede sufficiaunte reasons and laud|able for his purpose and intente, the seide Thomas not assent|ynge to hym, departede not consecrate. The kynge herynge
EDWINUS and Morkarus, erles of þe Marches and of North|umbrelonde, understondynge that kynge William wolde have
Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro tertio. Whom Walkerus succedid, borne in Lotharingia, whiche was a man of grete beawte, havynge heire white as mylke in coloure, as in the roddenesse of þe cheke lyke to a rose. Willelmus de Ponti|ficibus,
libro quarto. Walterus bischop of Herdforde diede in this yere, of whom it is seide that þer was a woman in the same cite whom he luffede inordinately, the woman knowynge not of þat luffe. After that the bischoppe remembrenge that þer was noo thynge moore unhappy then the synne of an olde,Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro primo. Lanfrancus and Thomas, arche|bischoppes of Cawnterbery and of Yorke, wente to gedre to Rome for to have palles, but the seide Lanfrancus receyvide ij.
l lxxij. yere of oure Lorde this cause was movede afore kynge William and the cleregy at Wyndeshore, where the story of Bede redde, hit was schewede that from the tyme of seynte Austyn unto the laste tymes of Bede, whiche tyme was as of a c. and xlti yere, bischoppes of Cawnterbery to have hade the principalite of honour of the yle of Briteyne; and also to have kepede cownsailes nye Yorke, and to have made bischoppes þer, and to have deposede somme þere. The
HILTEBRANDUS other Gregory the vijthe was pope xxj. yere; whiche callynge a cownsaile prohibite clerkes to have wifes, or to dwelle with women, theyme excepte whom the cownsaile of Nicene did permitte, other canon. But prestes despisynge this prohibicion, the pope commaunded that noo man scholde here the masses of prestes havynge concubynes. This pope, cardi|nalle afore, and sende to Frawnce, procedede soore ageyne men of the churche usynge symony, and putte in grete office þerby, where oon bischop accusede gretely þerof correct
Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro secundo. Hermannus, firste bischop of Salisbery, diede in this yere, of whom hit is rehersed afore; whom Osmund chaun|celer to the kynge did succede xxiiij. yere. Whiche made a
Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro tertio. Men of Northumbre|londe did slee Walkerus bischop of Dirhem, whom William succedid, a myȝhty man in the worlde, and promotede by his
Willelmus de Regibus, libro tertio. A noble man syttynge at meyte abowte was compassede with a grete multitude of myce, whiche was brouȝhte to the see, but hit availede not, but that
Henricus, libro sexto. A wikked and cursed sedicion was movede betwene Thurstyn, the prowde abbot of Glaston, and his convente in this yere, whiche despis|ynge the ordinaunce of songe assignede by seynte Gregory, began to compelle the monkes to exercise the songe of a monke Fiscanense. Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro secundo. This abbot consumede the goodes of the monastery in wikkede and unreligious ordinaunce, compellynge his breþer to the streyte|nesse of the religion, takynge diverse meytes from þeim. But, as Lucanus the poete seithe, "A peple fastynge cannot drede,"
c.li. Kynge William toke this yere of every hyde of grownde in Ynglonde vj. solidos of silver. Hildebrandus the pope, laborynge in extreme languor and in|firmite, callede to hym a cardinalle whom he luffede moste, and confessede that he hade movede grete division betwene them|peroure
VICTOR the thridde succedid Hiltebrandus the pope oon yere and v. monethes, somme tyme called Desiderius, and abbote of þe mownte Cassyne. In whiche yere Canutus kynge of Den|marke hade intended to have entrede into Ynglonde with a grete hoste; but kynge William herynge that, gedrenge a grete hoste in Normandy, come to Ynglonde. But this hoste of the Danes lette, kynge William wente to Gloucestre, where he ȝafe iij. seetes of bischoppes to thre chapelyns to hym; the seete of London to Mauricius, of Tedford to William, of Chestre to Roberte, whiche translate that seete unto Coventre as hit is seide afore. A man of grete worschippe, Walterus de Laceo,
ti, eiche man separate from oþer byAlfridus. The Danes did sle Canutus theire lorde in a churche on this yere. Willel|mus de Regibus, libro tertio. The kynge of Fraunce did skorne William kynge of Ynglonde lyenge in bedde at Roone in the laste yere of his lyfe in this maner: "William kynge of Ynglonde lyethe nowe in his bedde in maner of a woman child bredynge, and gedrenge vices and ydelnesse." William kynge of Ynglonde havynge indignacion of that derision, sende to the kynge of Fraunce an epistole contenynge this sentence: "When that y go to here masse after my childynge, y schalle offre to the a c. ml candeles." And soone after that, in the monethe of Au|guste, when cornes were in the feldes, grapes in vineȝardes, and apples on trees, William kynge of Ynglonde brente the weste
the yere of his lyfe, in the yere of oure Lorde a ml lxxxiiij. the vj. idus of December, and was beriede in the monastery of Caane whom he made. Whiche myȝhte not have sepulture þer with owte blame, for a knyȝhte inhibite his body to be beryede in that place, seyenge
Henricus, libro quinto. This William Conquerour was a man of grete prudence, and subtile ryche and covetous, glorious and ȝiffen to fame, affable to the servauntes of God; whiche destroyede mony townes and churches at the Newe Foreste in Hampteschire, to the space of xxx. myles, and putt|ynge dere þer, makynge a statute that whosoever toke a beste þer scholde lose oon eie, and he that oppressed a woman by strengthe scholde lose his stones. Willelmus de Regibus, libro tertio. This kynge William was a corpulente man, and of grete myȝhte, and specially in his armes, that allemoste noo man in
Henricus, libro sexto. This kynge William dedde, there was unnethe in Ynglonde a prince borne in the same londe; but Ynglische men redacte into servitute, hit was a grete rebuke and schame to be called an Ynglische man in those dayes. For God hade ordeynede to the mischefe of Ynglische men a cruelle peple to governe theyme, the nature of whom is to depresse theym selfe when they have depressede and devicte theire enemyes.
WILLIAM Rufus was crownede kynge in the feste of Cosmas and Damianus, Wulfstan bischop of Worcestre helpynge hym moche,
l markes, and wheiþer of yow lyve longer to possede bothe honors." Robert herynge this, condescende þerto, and returnede to Normandy, havynge noo thynge with him but feire promisses; ffor alle the noble men of themessagers, γ. and Cx.Willelmus de Regibus, libro quarto. Kynge William gate diverse castells
LANFRANCUS archebischop of Cawnterbery diede in this yere, the vthe kalendes of Iunius, after his presidency by xviij. yere, whiche seete was vacante after his dethe by iiij. yere. Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro primo. This Lanfrancus, borne in Lumbardy, was noble, instructe in the vij. science, whiche hade exspende the tyme of his yowthe in studyes and artes liberalle. This noble clerke Lanfrancus chosede afore the monastery Bectense to oþer monasterys for poverte of the place, and for the observaunce of religion kepede þer, where he was made monke under Herlewinus, the firste abbotte; whiche, not usede to servile labors, tauȝhte gramer and logike, that he myȝhte helpe the poverte of the place by the doctrine of his scolers. But the glory of his lawde engendred hate and envye in his enemyes, in so moche that William duke of Normandy hade purposede to have putte hym from that cuntre. Willel|mus, libro secundo. For Herfastus, chapeleyne to the seide
Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro primo. This noble man was so famose in doctrine that he commynge to Rome, and apperynge afore the pope, the pope wolde have aryse to do reverence to hym, makynge protestacion to hym that he did not that honoure to the archebischop, but to his connynge. Wherefore, that doen, the pope desirede, sithe he hade doen that longede to honoure, Lanffrancus scholde
ti monkes, with sufficiaunce of thynges necessary to theym; hit is ascribede also to the discre|cion of Lanfrancus that he brouȝhte Gundulphus, abbot of Caane, to the seete of Rowchestre, as hit is supposede, by the eleccion of God. This Gundulphus, disciple to Lanfrancus, sittynge with Walter his felawe and an oþer, havynge a masse booke in his honde, seide: "Lete us prove an experimente by turnynge of levys, whiche of us schalle be an abbot and whiche a bischop." The seide Gundulphus founde this texte: "Fidelis servus et prudens;" and Walter founde,
A COWNESAILE hade in this yere at the cite Turon in Fraunce, pope Urban movede the weste partes of the worlde to the subsidy of the Holy Londe. Wherefore Henricus the thryd emperour, Reymund the erle of Seynte Gyle, Boamundus of Apulia, merkede with the signe of the crosse, saylede unto the arme of Seynte George, with whom were ijc. ml of Cristen peple; and so the Holy Londe was recurede þen, and the spere of Criste was founde by revelacion of blissede Andrewe made to a chorle. With whom Robert duke of Normandy wente, makynge accorde with kynge William Rufus his broþer, to whom he hade put Normandy in plegge for x. ml
li for whiche thynge kynge William receyvyd a gret tribute of Ynglische men temperalle and spiritualle. Malcolinus kynge of Scottes robbede Northumbrelonde, wherefore kyng William toke with hym Robert his felawe, whose schippes were drownede and his hoste pereschede for hunger and colde. Neverthelesse,
l
li of golde yerely, and yelde xij. cites in Ynglonde. A huge wynde and stroke of lyȝhtynge pereschede the towre of the churche of Wynchecumbe in this yere, and persede thro the walle, castynge downe the hedde of the crucifix into þe erthe, brekynge the ryȝhte parte of hit; hurtenge also the ymage of oure Lady nye to the crosse; and then an ylle favoured smoke replete that churche, untille that the monkes, takynge holy water, and diverse relikes they hade with ynnec houses at London, sleynge ij. men in the churche of the Arches at London, where a parte of that churche felle in to the grownde, insomoche that unnethe a
the day after hit was dedicate by seynte Osmunde. Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro quarto. Remigius bischop, whiche hade translate but late the seete of Dorchestre to Lyncoln, intended to have dedicate a churche þer, whom he hade edifiede. But Thomas archebischop of Yorke resiste hym, seyenge that place to be in his paresche. Neverthelesse, kynge William receyvynge certeyne goodes ȝiffen to hym prively by Remigius, commaunded allemoste alle bischoppes of Ynglonde that they scholde mete at his churche in the idus of Maii, and dedicate hit; but the seide Remigius diede in the secunde day afore the consecracion. Robert bischop of Herdeford wolde not come, for he hade knowlege, by certeyn inspeccion of sterres afore, that dedicacion not to procede in the life of Remigius. Robert Bloet succedid Remigius, a man ȝiffen moche to
Henricus, libro sexto. But thauȝhe kynge William ȝafe to venerable Anselme the seete of Cawnterbery in this yere, he receyvyde not eny summe of goode longynge to that office untille that he hade paiede the tribute commaunded by the kynge. In lyke wise he saide the seete of Lincolne to be subiecte to the churche of Yorke untylle that Robert Bloet hade paiede v.ml marke to the kynge. Roger erle of Shrobbesbury diede in this yere,
Willelmus de Pontificibus. Hit was schewede in a tyme to this Malcolinus that oon of his gentillemen hade conspirede his dethe. The kynge com|maunded
ENGLONDE and Normandy was vexede with a grete tribute, and dethe of men, insomoche that plowynge of londes was seasede. Men of Wales, abhorrenge the charge of servitute, robbede in the provinces of Chestre, Schrobbesbury, and of Herdeforde, and toke the castelle of Osuania. The Scottes did
Wil|lelmus de Pontificibus, libro primo. This seynte Wulstan ap|perede in the howre of his dethe to his wellbelovyde Roberte, bischop of Herforde, in the towne of Crikkelade, commaundynge hym to ordeyne for his sepulture. Also in the xxxti day folowynge he apperede to hym monyschynge hym to correcte his awne negligence and of his subiectes, seyenge that he
Wil|lelmus de Pontificibus, libro quarto. This holy bischoppe, borne in the province of Warwicke, was instructe at Petyr|borowe with letters and offices ecclesiasticalle; and at the
ti yere. And so seynte Wulstan monyschede by an oracle of God, consente to the eleccion; at the whiche consecracion ij. legates of the pope were presente. Wherefore seynte Wulstan made bischop keped grete absti|nence in meytes and drynkes; neverthelesse he omitte not the pride of Normannes, havynge mony knyȝhtes and gentyllemen
ti monkes to hym
THE goynge to Ierusalem was made in this yere, with whiche peple Boamundus and Robert duke of Normandy were in com|panye, whiche putte Normandy in plegge to William Rufus, kynge of Ynglonde and broþer to hym, for xl. m.li. of silvyr.
Henricus, libro vijo. A grete dissencion was movede and spronge betwene kynge William and Anselme the archebischop, for the kynge wolde not suffre hym to kepe eny cownesayles, neiþer to correcte thynges inordinate; and also the kynge requirede the investitures of prelates, trowblynge the poore peple with tributes, specially for coste made on the towre of London and on the grete halle of Westemynstere. Willel|mus de Regibus, libro quarto. In whiche tyme Ranulphus re|ioycede moche, somme tyme chapeleyne of William Conqueroure, noryscher of covetyse, made the proctor of this kynge, the
Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro
secundo. Radulphus bischop of Chichestre condescende not in that tyme to the kynge with other bischoppes, but toke grete parte with venerable Anselme. Also he wolde not condescende that the kynge scholde receyve money of prestes havynge con|cubynes, causynge the servyce of God not to be occupiede thro alle his diocyse, and stoppynge the durres of the churches with thornes. That cruellenes causede the kynge to ȝiffe to hym the correccion of prestes in alle his diocyse. This bischop sparede not men doynge synne and offense, visitynge his diocyse and goynge abowte hit thryes in oon yere, takynge noo thynge but thynges ȝiffen frely. Whiche thynge y wolde not have remembrede nowe in this tyme presente but that hit is hade nowe as for a miracle if diligence of prechynge be founde in a
Willelmus de Regibus, libro quarto. William Rufus, kynge of Ynglonde, goynge to hunte in a tyme, and havynge knowlege by a mes|synger that Cenomannia was segede, returnede his horse and wente to the see, mony noble men movynge hym to tary and to gedre an hoste. To whom the kynge seide, "Y schalle se now who wylle folowe me;" and soe he come to the see with fewe men, the wynde beynge contrarious to þeim also. Neverthe|lesse he commaundede the maister of the schippe to pulle up the sayles, seyenge that he redde never of kynge that was drownede, and soe theHenricus, libro septimo. A welle was seen to flowe and sende furthe bloode at Fincham|studde in Barokshire by xv. daies in this yere, and hevyn was seen as to brenne by alle a nyȝhte. Hewe and Hewe, erles of Chestresschire and of Schrobeschire, toke the yle of Angleseye in Wales in this yere also, and did sle the inhabitatours, andthe day folowynge the cruellenesse to the preste, and so he diede, and was beryede at Shrobbesberye. Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro secundo, Herebertus abbot somme tyme of Ramesye, but then bischop of Tedforde, norischer of symone in that he bouȝhte that seete of the kynge, rememberyng hys wyckyde lyfe in his yowthe, wente to Rome abowte this tyme. Whiche returnede from Rome and commen to Ynglonde, trans|late his seete to Norwyche, where he foundede a noble monas|tery, and putte monkes of the ordre Cluniacense at Tedforde, ryche men in the worlde, and of beautuous religion in God.
Henricus, libro septimo. Kynge William returnede from Normandy, and behold|ynge firste the grete halle of Westemynstre, seide hit myȝhte wonte welle ynowe the halfe parte of hit; wherefore he was in purpose to have made that halle a chamber.
THE ordre Cisterciense began abowte this tyme in Bur|guyn, in this maner folowynge. Willelmus de Regibus, libro sepuarto.l. c. xxxv., that ordre was brouȝhte into Yynglonde by a man callede Walterus Espec, a monastery of that ordre made at Rivallis. Willelmus de Regibus, libro quarto. This is the observaunce of theire religion: thei schalle were noo thynge of skynnes, as pilches, neiþer of lyne ne stamyn, neiþer bere or were breches, but in travayle; usynge ij. cootes with ij. towles in alle the yere, but thei may were oon in somer, but he schalle not were in eny wise moo then
PASCHALIS the secunde succedid pope Urban xviij. yere, whiche was imprisonede, and his cardinalles also, in the xiij. yere off his office by the emperoure Henre the iiijthe, and myȝhte not be delyverede untille that he hade promisede fidelite to themperour, suffrenge hym to have the investitures of prelates with a rynge and a staffe, promysynge also that he scholde not excommunicate themperoure, of whiche thynges the pope did wryte to hym a privelege. But in the yere folowynge, a cown|saile hade at Rome, the pope dampnede the seide privilege in this maner: "I covette and holde alle holy scripture, the olde and newe testament, lawes, prophetes, gospelles, canons of apostles, alle cownsailes universalle, the decretts of bischopps of Rome, and that thei did holde, and that thei condempnede
Willelmus de Pontificibus, tertio libro. William bischop of Dirhem dedde, the kynge ȝafe that seete to oon Walter, chapeleyne somme tyme to his fader,lli. receyvide afore; whiche compellede the monkes to eite in his halle, settynge afore theyme, olde meytes, and causynge feire women to ministre to theyme. In so moche that fewe did aryse from the table withowte a mocke; for and if a monke avertede his siȝhte from theym, he was callede an ypocrite, and if eny thynge myȝhte be perceyvede of myrthe in his cown|tenaunce he was callede dissolute. Neverthelesse this bischop hade grete lawde in that he causede the body of seynt Cuth|bert to be taken from the grave, and to be onornede with
Willelmus de Regibus, libro quarto. Kynge William monyschede þerof sette not thereby. In whiche yere Hewe abbot Cluniacense see in a dreame kynge William brouȝhte afore God and condempnede, whiche thynge he schewede to Anselme. Also that kynge dreamed that he was lete bloode, and þat the bloode of hym obscurede and hidde the sonne, insomoche that he cryede, "Seynte Marye, seinte Mary!" and causede his chamberleynes to brynge lyȝhte, and not suffrenge theyme to departe aftirwarde from hym. And after that, the thrydde nones of Auguste, and in the yere of oure Lorde a Ml and a c., the xiij. yere of his reigne, and the xliiijthe of his age, William Rufus was woundede soore by Walterus Tyrrelle,
Henricus, libro septimo. Thauȝhe this kynge was lyȝhte in his dedes, he was stable in his worde, insomoche that and if he hade promisede to a man goode or ylle, he scholde have be sure þerof. Neverthelesse, thauȝhe he was a covetous man, ȝitte he didde oon thynge in his lyfe worthy to be hade in remembraunce; for an abbot in Ynglonde dedde, ij. monkes gedrenge a grete summe of goodes wente to
WILLIAM Rufus kynge dedde withowte childer, usynge moche concubynes, Henricus, the yonger broþer to hym, suceedid to the realme of Ynglonde, electe at Wynchestre the nones of Auguste, and consecrate at Westmynstre of Mauricius bischop of London, for Anselme was in that tyme in exile. This Henricus erecte so into kynge, made the churche of Criste
Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro tertio. Thomas archebischop of Yorke dedde in this tyme, a man Giraldus by name was successour to hym, ȝiffyn to ylle artes and lecchery, as peple did reporte. For a booke of subtile artes, Iulius Firmicus, whom he usede to rede in secrete tymes, was founde under a pelowe in a charyette in whom he diede, after his dethe. Wherefore the canons of Yorke wolde not suffre hym to be beryede in the churche, and unnethe in seyn|tuary. Willelmus de Regibus, libro quinto. Robert duke of Normandy, understondynge William Rufus, kynge of Yng|londe and broþer to hym, to be dedde, returnede from the Holy Londe to Apulia, and so to Normandy, and from Normandy to Ynglonde. That knowen in Ynglonde, mony gentillemen of the londe drawede from kynge Henricus, feynynge little occasions, and callynge hym godryche, godfadir, and sende prively for Robert, broþer to the kynge. Radulphus bischop
Willelmus de Regibus, libro quarto. This Roberte was eldeste son of William Conque|roure, to whom he promisede Normandy, whiche laborynge to have hit in the life of his fader, and not reioysynge hit, ȝaffe mony soore sawtes and conflictes to his ffader. But his fader, skornynge hym in the begynne,ml marke, and he that lyvede longer of theyme scholde be heire to that other, if thei diede with owte eny heire male. And so Robert depart|ynge, and commynge to Ynglonde in the yere nexte folowynge, forȝafe that pension at the peticion of the qwene. After whiche tyme the seide Roberte was not luffed in Normandy, insomoche that the Normannes sende for kynge Henricus, and were with the seide kynge ageyne Robert theire lorde. Whiche com|mynge into those costes occupiede alle Normandy, Roone,
ROBERT erle of Schrobbesbery, sonne of Roger Mownt Gomerike, made insurreccion in this yere ageyne kynge Hen|ricus, storynge the castells of Schrobbesbery, of Bruggys, of Arundell, and of Tikhull, drawynge to hym mony men of Wales. But the kynge toke alle those castells with yn xlti daies, thro ȝiftes and promisses to men of Wales, and com|pellede the seide erle to abiure Ynglonde; whiche saylynge into Normandy, drawede to William whiche was erle of Morton in Normandy, and also the erle of Cornewayle, whiche trowblede
c yere after his sepulture, with the hedde of seynte Oswalde, for the incredulite of diverse prelates. iiij. whyte cercles apperede abowte the sonne in the vijthe idus of Iunius; and on Scherethursday nexte folowynge ij. moones were seen afore day, oon in the este, an other in the weste. In whiche yere a grete discorde was movede betwene Henricus themperoure and Henricus his son, insomoche þat the sonne imprisonede the fader. In whiche yere also seynte Anselme was accorde with the kynge commyn to Bectum, and sende after þat to Ynglonde.
HENRICUS the iiijthe, sonne of Henricus the thrydde, began to be emperoure, whiche reignede ix. yere. This emperour put his fader in prison, where he diede; imprisonynge also Paschalis the pope, with his cardinalls; wherefore, as men suppose he diede withowte eny childer, thauȝhe he maryede to his wife Matilda, doȝhter of Henricus kynge of Ynglonde, unnethe of v. yere in age. A cownsaile was hade inthe idus of August, Anselme consecrate in oon day v. bischoppes at London, of Wynchestre,
Willelmus de Ponti|ficibus, libro primo. Venerable Anselme diede at Cawnterbery in this yere, and anoyntede with bawme sende from hevyn was beryede on Scherethursday; and so the seete of Cawnter|berythe emperour of Alemayne, mariede Matilda, suster
A GRETE wontynge of water happede thro Yyglonde in the idus of October, insomoche that men and bestes myȝhte have
Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro tertio. A cownsaile hade in this yere at London, the kynge intendede to have made Faricius, abbot of Abendon, metropolitan of Yng|londe; but the bischoppes electe Radulphus bischoppe of Raw|chestre. In whiche tyme a man callede Thurstinus was electe into the bischop of Yorke; and the seide man monyschede ofte tymes by the kynge to make profession and obedience to þe metropolitan of Ynglonde, chosede raþer to leve his seete. But after that he repent, and wente to the kynge in Normandy, where Paschalis the pope sende a bulle to the kynge for the restitucion of the seide Thurstyn. Whiche reioycnge that seete and refusynge to make obedience, a newe discorde began to sprynge amonge the bischoppes. Willelmus de Pontifi|cibus,
libro primo. The pope grawntede this privelege to the bischopps, beynge there for this mater to be discussede, whiche privilege was grawnted afore by his predecessors, willynge that suche privilege scholde remayne stable and inconcussede for ever. But and if the pope hade expressede these and these dignites be hade in youre churches, he scholde have finischede that contencion; but he lefte that untowchede. And messyngers of the kynge departede, the pope consecrate the seide Thurstyn, and toke to hym a palle, a grete summe of goode ȝiffen to hym afore. Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro tertio. And thauȝhe kynge Henricus hade grete indignacion þerof, and prohibite that seete to the seide Thurstyn, he dredde soore the wrytynge of the pope, where hit was contenede that other he scholde admitte the seide Thurstyne, or he scholde be excommunicate, and the bischop of Cawnterbery suspended. Wherefore the kynge
Wil|lelmus de Pontificibus, libro primo. The seide Radulphus laborynge as in a peralisy thro huge vexacion, and the firste wife of this kynge dede, and mariedeta dayes, destroyenge mony edificacions; in whiche tyme oon grete cite was movede from oon place to an other by a grete space asundre. Paschalis the pope diede in this yere, whom Gelasius, chawnceler to hym afore, did succede oon yere and a halfe. Themperour herynge the privilege of the investiture of prelates to be revocate, come to Rome that he myȝhte be vengede of Paschalis the pope. Neverthelesse the emperour, knowynge that he was dedde, made Mauricius bischop Ba|charense pope excommunicate of the pope but a litelle afore, whom he callede Gregory the vijthe. Gelasius the pope dredynge the emperoure, fledde to Cluniacum with the cardi|nalls, where he diede, and then the cardinalls electe into the pope Guido the archebischop Viennense, whom thei callede Calixte the secunde. ℞. Florencius, a monke of Worcestre, diede in this yere, thro labour of whom this presente storye ys
Willelmus de Pontificibus, libro quinto. After that kynge Henricus mariede William his sonne the senior to the doȝhter of Fulco erle of Gascoigne, and then pease was made betwene the kynges, for the seide William helde Normandy of the kynge of Fraunce, and made to hym homage þerfore by consente of his fader. For kynge Henricus thouȝhte that hit were schame beynge kynge to have made homage to hym. Then kynge Henricus made men of Normandy and of Ynglonde to do homage to his sonne William. Fulco the seide erle goynge to lerusalem toke the cuntre of Gascoyne to the kynge of Ynglonde to the utilite of William his sonne in lawe, if that he come not ageyne.
CALIXTUS the secunde was pope v. yere and v. monethes; whiche gedrenge a grete hoste come to Rome and toke Mauricius the pope, causynge hym to be putte on a camelWillelmus de Regibus, libro quinto.
The ordre Premonstracense began abowte this tyme in þe province Landunense under fader Norbertus. Matilda, qweneWillelmus de Regibus, libro quinto. Kynge Henricus takynge schippe at Barbelflete in Normandy come to Ynglonde the vijthe kalendes of December. But William his eldeste sonne wyllynge to folowe hym, was drownede with mony noble men not ferre from the londe. Amonge whom Ricardus Nothus, sonne of the kynge, was Richarde erle of Chestre, with his wife, the archidiacon of Herford with a cxlti oþer moo in nowmbre, amonge whom noo man escapede ne woman, but a botcher whiche fletynge on the maste of the schippe was dryven to londe, that rehersede of this processe. For these peple en|trenge
Henricus, libro septimo. And hit was seide that alle moste alle that peple pereschede usede the synne of Sodomye. Willelmus. Also the seide William, sonne to the kynge, seide openly mony tymes, and if he scholde be lorde of Ynglonde in his life, he scholde make men of Ynglonde to drawe in the plowe lyke to horses. ℞. Also the seide erle of Chestre manassede and promisede to destroy the monastery of monkes in Chestre, whom his fader did edifye and make. Willelmus de Regibus, libro quinto. Fulco returnede to Gas|coigne
the, emperoure. Kynge Hen|ricus made in this yere a grete parke at Wodestoke. Richarde erle of Chestre drownede, Ranulphus of Meschines, sonne to the suster of the firste Hewe, succedid þer viij. yere. Radul|phus archebischoppe of Cawnterbery diede in this tyme; and the ordre of the Templaryes began that tyme also. These men congregate togedre made to theyme a place in the porche of the temple of Ierusalem, whereby they were callede knyȝtes of the Temple, founde by the relefe of the Hospitilaryes in meytes and in drynkes. But soone after they encreasede soe in fame and rychesse that thei exceded þe Hospitilaryes.the. for theire ignominiose apostasye and blas|phemy
Henricus, libro septimo. A cardinalle come in this yere to Ynglonde, and correcte soore prestes havynge concubynes, seyenge that it was a grevous synne amonge other synnes to aryse from a hoore and say masse after that. Neverthelesse the same cardinalle was taken with a womman in the same day after that he hade seide masse, for alle his hooly pre|dicacion. Honorius the secunde succedid Calixtus the pope v. yere. Henricus the iiijthe and emperour of Alemayne diede this yere, and was beryede at Spira with his progenitors, after the rehersaille of somme men, with suche on epitaphy, "Filius hic, pater hic, avus hic, proavus jacet istic." ℞. Neverthe|lesse Giraldus rehersethe more truly in his Ytinerary, seyenge that this emperoure, after that he hade imprisonede his fader carnalle and þe pope with the cardinalls, departede privily from his wife Matilda borne in Ynglonde, and taryede at Chestre, lyvynge as an heremite by the space of x. yere,
LOTHARIUS, the duke of Saxonia, was made emperour after the dethe or departynge of Henricus themperoure. A cowne|sayle hade in this tyme at London, bischopps preiede the kynge to correcte prestes havynge concubynes thro alle his realme;
Henricus, libro octavo. This kynge dedde mony men sayde that he hade iij. specialle vertues, wisedome, eloquence and fortune of batells; and somme men seide that he hade iij. specialle vices, covetyse, crudelite and voluptuosite. The cause of the dethe of this kynge was seide to have comme by the eitynge of a lamprey whiche meyte he luffed moche, never|thelesse hit chargede his stomake oftetymes. The body of this kynge was brouȝhte to Ynglonde, and was beryede in the monastery of Radynge that he did founde. Henricus, libro septimo. Symon þe sonne of Robert bischop of Lincoln, and decan in the same churche, flowrede moche in this tyme, scharpe of witte, eloquente in speche, beautuous of forme, yonge in age, but olde in connynge and intellect of divine scripture. Of whiche thynges he began to be prowde, and
THIS kynge Henricus the firste dedde, Steven erle of Bonony, sonne of the erle Blessense, did succede, whiche reignede xvij. yere, a myȝhty man and a bolde, and was crownede into the kynge at London of William archebischoppe of Cawnterbery, ageyne the othe and promise made to the emprice; wherefore
Giraldus, distinctione prima, capitulo xviijo. Theobaldus the blissede, erle of Company, was in this tyme, whiche usede to visitte poore peple, and men infecte with the lepre; whom a metricion commended after his dethe in this wise:
David kynge of Scottelond entrede Ynglonde the thrydde tyme, wastynge that londe unto the water of Teyse, brennynge in the costes abowte Yorke, and sleenge moche peple. But Thurstyn archebischop of Yorke, gedrenge an hoste secretely, and metynge the seide kynge, put hym to fliȝhte, sleynge x. ml of his hostes, and brouȝhte ageyne grete goodes taken from the cuntre. Kynge Steven, takynge the castelle of Bedforde, con|trarious to hym, wente to Scottelonde, and doynge noo thynge
ti ml marke, whiche summe was not spende in the servyce of God, but at the use of the kynge. With whiche treasure kynge Steven mariede Constancia, suster to the kynge of Fraunce, to his sonne Eustachius. Thurstyne, archebischopHenricus, libro octavo. The seide Robert and the empresse comen to Portesmude in the monethe of Julius, and after that to Bristowe, where thei did grete hurte to peple of that province. The kynge herynge that, lefte the segenge of the castelle of Walyngeforde, and segede Lincolne. Wherefore Ranulphus erle of Chestre, and Robert erle of Gloucestre, come with mony men of Wales to dissolve that sege, and a marres fulle of redes passed over, and the wardes of theire batelle sette in ordre, the erle of Chestre seide that he scholde be the formaste man in that day to putte his body in perelle. To whom Robert the erle of Gloucestre seide, "Hit is not inconveniente to yow to desire the dignite of the fyrste stroke, bothe for the nobilite of youre bloode and for the vertu of strength, in whom ye precelle other men.
CELESTINUS the secunde succeded Innocencius secunde pope v. monethes, whom Lucius did succede xi. monethes. Eugenius the secunde was pope viii. yere and v. monethes. This pope, somme tyme the disciple of blissede Bernard, and after abbot of Seynte Anastatius nye to Rome, and com|mynge for devocion to the churche of Seynte Cesarius, was electe into þe pope by the cardinalls, and consecrate with|oute the walles of the cite for drede of þe senators. This pope marked Lodowicus kynge of Fraunce with the signe of the crosse, and kepede a cownesaile at Remis in Fraunce; to whom seynte Bernard did write bookes of Consideracions. Henricus, libro octavo. Ranulphus erle of Chestre commynge to Wal|yngeforde
Giraldus, distinctione prima, capitulo octavo decimo. Lodo|wicus kynge of Fraunce returnede from the Holy Londe labored in grete infirmite causede by continence as phisicions seide,the sonne occupiede the cownte of Briteyne by the tyme of his lyfe. Also he gate of her iiij. doȝhters, oon of whom was mariede to the kynge of Castell, of whom Blanche come, modere of Seynte Lodowicus kynge, an oþer was maryede to Alexander emperoure off Constantinopole. The thrydde was maryede to the duke of Saxony, of whom Otho themperoure of Rome come; the iiijthe was maryede to the erle Tholosan, of whom Reymund come, the doȝhter of whom Alfonsus erle Pictavense, broþer of seynte Lewes kynge of Fraunce, toke into his wife.
FREDERICUS the firste, after Conradus, was emperoure off Alemayne and of Rome xxvij. yere. This emperoure did
ti yere of his age, and was made abbot Clarevall after the vthe yere of his conversion. Where he wakede as excedynge þe nature of man, seyenge that he loste noo tyme but when he slepede, assimblenge slepe to dethe; whiche wente also to his meite as to tormente, insomoche that he hade loste discrecion of meytes for his huge abstinence, takynge and drynkynge oyle ofte tymes for wyne, seyenge þat þer was noo licoure that savoured his mowthe or that he myȝhte discerne in that hit made his chekes colde. And that connynge that he hade he gate hit by meditacions and preiers in woodes and feldes, seyenge ofte that he hade noo
ti, callynge his breþer to hym, mony|schede theyme to kepe iij. thynges, whom he seide to have kepede in alle his life after his powere. "I wyllede not in my
the erle of Chestre after the Conqueste, dyed in this yere, whom Hew the secunde, and sonne to hym, did succede xxix. yere, which did mony noble thynges in his lyfe. Also kynge Steven diede in the same yere at the monastery of Faverisham in Kente, whiche monastery he edifiede and founded, and was beryede þer. In the tyme of this kynge a knyȝhte, Owen by name, entrede into the purgatory of seynte Patrikk abbot, whiche returnede from that purgatory taryede after in the
KYNGE Steven ded, Henricus the secunde, sonne of the em|presse and of Galfride Plantagenet, erle of Gascoigne, succedid. The maners, actes, vertues, and vices of whom Giralde off Wales describethe in his distincions, seyenge: "Hit is a drede|fulle thynge to allegate ageyne hym that may putte to exile, and to describe hym in mony wordes that may condempne a man with oon worde." But hit were a gracious thynge, and as excedynge my discrecion to wryte the trawthe of this prince in alle his condicions, and not to displease somme parties. This Henry kynge of Ynglonde was a corpulente man, large in hedde and breste, with yelowe eien, and with a grete voice; lytelle in meite and drynke to represse his fattenesse, vexenge
ti yere he loste Bithurica, and in the nexte yere foloynge the cites Cenomanny and Turonense with mony other castells, and hym selfe also. This kynge usede to have reli|gious men moche of his cownsaille, and to use the cownsaile of theyme raþer then of oþer noble and discrete knyȝhtes, havynge theym in his cowrte that he myȝhte be more commendede of legates sende to hym from the pope or from other grete princes and estates. And also for an other cause, that hethe laborede moche to putte owte the eien of that egle. The kynge inquired what that thynge scholde portende, ansuered "These iiij. bryddes be my childer, whiche schalle not sease to trowble me unto my dethe, and specially my yongeste sonne Iohn, whom I luffe moste now, schalle laboure and intende my dethe and destruccion."
ADRIAN the iiijthe, borne in Ynglonde, succedid Anastasius the pope iiij. yere. Somme men say this pope was the native man of thabbot of Seynte Alban in Ynglonde, whiche wil|lynge to have bene monke þer and was refusede, wente over see, and for his connynge and vertu he was made firste bischoppe Albanense, and sende in message to Wormacia converte þat province to the feithe of Criste. And after that this Adrian made pope interdicte alle the cite of Rome for þe dethe of oon cardinalle, and excommunicate William kynge of Sicille, compellynge hym to submitte hym. This pope taryede firste in the olde cite with the cardinalles of alle the bischoppes of Rome. The kynge of Scottelonde and allemoste alle the primates of Ynglonde diede in this yere: also in the monethe of October a signe of the crosse apperede in the moone. Kynge Henricus brouȝte an hoste firste into
the nones of Iunius, in the thrydde yere folowynge departynge from Ynglonde, and come to Ynglonde ageyne in the seventhe yere of his exile, in whiche yere he was martiriȝate; the lyfe of whom iiij famose clerkes did wryte, as hit is schewede in his lyfe. And Matildis the empresse, modere to kynge Henricus, dyed in the yere of oure Lorde a M.clxvij.the kalendes of October, in whiche yere a grete dissencion was movede betwene kynge Henricus the secunde and seynte Thomas. Petrus Commester florischede this tyme in Fraunce, whiche did wryte the story of either Testa|ment, whiche is callede the story scolasticalle, and allegoryes on either Testament, whiche allegoryes he redacte into a booke of metre, whom he callede Aurora. Radulphus bischop of Colon brouȝhte from Mediolan, destroyede by Frederyke thempe|roure, the bodies of thre kynges to Colony. The bodies of
Giraldus in Itinerario. After the dethe of whome the myȝhte and powere of the kynge began to decrease, for in the yere folowynge the kynge wente in Yrlonde and kepede diverse cownsailes þer by licence of the pope, and specially at Cassilia,
the was to restore goodes taken awey and enheritaunceȝ.
the article was to do ryȝhteuous withowte eny price. The vithe was to pay dewte to his ministres. The vij. was to expelle the Iewes, levynge to theym parte of theire goodes to goe furthe with alle. But the kynge not correcte by this, myȝhty men did ryse ageyne hym, his thre sonnes with the kynge of Fraunce. And so the kynge mekynge hym selfe, and visitynge with grete mekenesse the tumbe of seynte Thomas of Cawnterbery on his bare feete, hade victory at Alnewike, and William kynge of Scottes was taken þer, and the erles of Chestre and of Leicestre. That victory had, he ascribede hit to his power, and not to God, and beynge afore a secrete advou|terer, was knowen after that for an open advouterer, abusynge Rosamunde, that beautuous woman. To whom he made a mervellous chambre at Wodestoke, after the werke Dedalyne, that sche scholde not be taken lyȝhtely of the qwene. But þe seide Rosamunde diede soone after, and was beryede in þe
The beryalle of this Rosamunde is of a mervellous architec|ture, for conflictes of champions, fliȝhtes of bryddes, lepynge of fisches is to beholden in hit, withowte the handeworke other impulsion of man.
IN this yere, the xiij. kalendes of September, William kynge of Scottes, by the cownsaile of his noble men and of prelates, made homage to Henricus the secunde and kynge of Ynglonde at Yorke. Also the seide kynge of Scottes schewede by histhe yere of his presidency in a vision, seyenge to hym: "Thow hase dispende and wastede ylle the goodes of my churche, wherefor y schalle take the from this worlde;"
the day folowynge. Kynge Henricus sende to Rome to be discharged of the pro|myse that he made to go the holy Londe, in this condicion, that he wolde edifye iij. monasterys in Ynglonde. Whiche monasterys he made in this wise; for the firste he expelled canons seculer from Waltham, and putte chanons reguler into that monastery. For the secunde he putte awey the myncheons of Ambresbery, and putte other myncheons of behynde the se in hit. And for the thrydde, he instaurede a place of the ordre Cartusiense at Wytham, nye to Salisbery. Also the seide kynge Henricus receyvede late in to his kepynge the doȝhter of the kynge of Fraunce, that he scholde marye her to Ricardus his sonne erle Pictavense. But in that he usede to synne with that mayde after the dethe of Rosa|munde, Ricardus his sonne refusede to mary with her. Wherefore the kynge was in purpose to have maryede that mayde to his wyffe, insomoche that he desirede Hugucion the
Giraldus, distinctione sexta|decima. The body off kynge Arthure was founde this tyme
RYCHARDE archebischop of Cawnterbery dedde, Baldewyne bischoppe of Worcestre was electe by consente of the kynge and of alle bischoppes, but monkes of Cawnterbery were con|trarious. To whom hit is seide that he did never eite flesche from the tyme that he was made monke unto his dethe; whom a olde woman mette in a tyme, inquirynge of hym wheþer hit were tru that he did eite noo flesche. The bischoppe seide hit was tru. The woman seide, "Hit is fals, thow hase eiten me
the succedid pope Urban iiij. monethes, whiche sende mony epistoles for the subsidy of the holy Londe; whom Clement the thrydde did succede iij. yere. Oure Savioure Criste Iesus apperede visibly in the aiere hongynge on the crosse at Dunstaple in Ynglonde, moche peple seenge that syȝhte. In whiche yere kynge Henricus made Ranulphus erle of Chestre knyȝhte, and toke to his wife Constance the
ti M. Frederyke þe emperoure excommunicate goynge to the holy Londe and bryngynge hys hoste by Constantinopole, bathynge in a water nye to Armeny called Glotony of Sathanas, was drownede in hit, and somme men say by the spurrynge of his horse, and was beryede at Tyrus. And his eldeste sonne diede at the sege of Achon and Henricus the vthe, an oþer sonne, was emperoure in Alemayne viij. yere, whiche subduede to hym Apulia and Sicille. Neverthelesse the seide emperoure was excommunicate by Celestinus the pope, in that he toke kynge Richarde commynge from the holy Londe, and wolde not delyver hym untylle that he hade paiede a grete rawnson. Whiche emperoure dyenge in that sentence, cowthe not be beryede untylle the seide summe receyvede were paiede to kynge
KYNGE Henricus dedde, and beryede at Founte Ebrard, Ri|cardus his sonne succedid, reignynge by x. yere. The maners and actes off whom Steven of Cawnterbery describethe excel|lentely. This kynge was crownede at London, of Baldewyne archebischop of Cawnterbery, in the thrydde nones of September, callede an unhappy day, after the olde ryte of Gentiles. For that day was unhappy day to the Iues beynge in Ynglonde, where a grete multitude of theym were commyn to London to see the solemnite of the coronacion, dredynge specially leste thei scholde have lesse favor in the tyme of thys kynge then thei hade in the tyme of his fader. The kynge prohibite the Iewes to entre into the churche when he was crownede, and also when he was at meyte that thei scholde not come to his palyce. Neverthe|lesse
lli. After that the kynge toke the governayle of þe realme negligentely, as hit was supposede, unto the bischop of Hely his chawnceler, and saylede into Normandy afore the feste of Cristemasse. In whiche tyme a signe of the crosse apperede at Dunstaple in the firmamente, and soone after the forme or similitude of the crosse was seen as to departe by a certeyn season and space from the baner.
l. horses, and vexenge monasterys moche thro hospitalite of hym and of his peple. This made the noble men of the realme accordynge to hym, destroy|enge the seetes of Cawnterbery and of Yorke at his pleasure; for Baldewinus the archebischop of Cawnterbery wente into the holy Londe, and diede at the cite of Tirus, for the excesse usede by the bischop of Hely. Also he lette Gaufride, broþer to the kynge, electe to the seete of Yorke by x. yere, and putte hym in prison; after that kepynge a cownsayle at Westmynster as proctor of a realme and legate of the pope. In whiche cown|saile a felowe to hym, Hewe Nonant bischop of Chestre, made compleynte that monkes of Coventre wolde have sleyne hym afore the hie awter. Þat herde William bischoppe of Hely made a decrete that the monkes of the place scholde be putte aweye, and clerkes prebendaryes to be putte into hit. This occasion hade, this bischop of Chestre, a bolde man and withowte schame,
CELESTINUS the thrydde succedid pope Clement vj. yere and viij. monethes, whiche crownede Henricus, the vthe, sonne of Frederyke the emperoure, in the secunde day of his coronacion
BUT at the laste, in the yere of oure Lorde God a M. c. xcj., the vthe idus of Iulius, and the xxx. day after the commynge of kynge Richarde, the cite of Acon was geten by Cristen men. In the takynge of this cite the duke of Austry folowede kynge Richarde, that he myȝhte chalange peraventure parte of the victory. But the baner of the seide duke was troden under foote; y wotte not the trawthe wheþer hit was doen by chaunce or by the wylle of the kynge. That duke havynge indignacion þerof departede to his cuntre, thenkynge to venge hym onl marke of silvyr, whom the kynge of Fraunce refused, after the firste nyȝhte, other in that sche hade a stynkynge brethe, or ells in that he founde sche was not a mayde. The noble prince Richarde kynge of Ynglonde beynge in the este partes off the worlde, and treasure begynnynge to decrease faste, remembrenge also his wikkede diffamacion caused by the
PEASE made betwene kynge Richarde and the Saladyne for iij. yere, Hubertus bischop of Salisbery wente for the kynge and for hym selfe to the holy sepulcre, and seide masse þer; and returnynge from þens with the kynge to the yle of Ciprus;
lli. of silver to be payede for his redempcion, the bischoppes of Roone and of Bathe lefte in plegge for a parte of that summe not payede. For whiche redempcion alle libertes, privileges, and immunites depressede of eny person or place, alle the wolles of white monkes and of chanons was taken, the rynges of prelates, vesselles of silver, crosses, chalyces, and the towmbes of seyntes were abrasede and meltede for the redempcion of that kynge. Kynge Richarde taryenge in Swina in Flaundres other forthe yere of his reigne, askynge after that solennite doen, as by reason of a commende, what thynge that he hade ȝiffen afore or solde every title and instrumente made þeron beynge voyde. Whiche kynge taryenge but a certeyne season, saylede to Fraunce to venge hym on the kynge of that cuntre, and so thei fiȝtenge soore in diverse
ABOWTE this tyme there was a proctor of Gascoigne, Steven by name, whiche hade governede that cuntre nobly in the tymes of kynge Henricus the secunde, and of this kynge Richarde. Ne|verthelesse this Steven, coniecturynge in mynde the tendernes of the body of kynge Richarde, and perelle of that iourneye to the holy Londe, supposede veryly that he scholde not have commen
l marke whiche was unpayde to the duke of Austrye for his redempcion, the plegges lefte þer apperede sodenly afore the kynge, seyenge and rehersynge the dethe of that tyraunte by the iuggement of God, and mony grete mis|chefes schewede to that cuntre, and mony cites to have bene brente in hit; and also the water of Danubius to have des|troyede his cuntre, and cornes in the feldes to have wedrede, and how he was excommunicate by the pope. Also thei ex|pressede
THERE were in this tyme ij. men laborynge for the profite and commodite of the kynge in lyke purpose, but in diversethen, MS.
ABOWTE this tyme an holy preste of Fraunce, Fulco by name, come to kynge Richarde seyenge, "I say to the, kynge, on the parte of allemyȝty God that thou marye soone thy thre doȝhters leste that perelle falle to the." The kynge seide, "Thow lyes, ypocrite, I have not oon doȝhter." The preste seide, "ȝis truly, thow hase pryde, avaryce, and lecchery." Þhe kynge callynge the noble men of his palyce to him seide, "I ȝiffe my pryde to Templarys and Hospitalyryes, my covetyse to monkes of the ordre Cisterciense, and my lecchery to prelates of þe churches." Resus the prince of Wales diede in this yere, whom a metricion commendethe in this wise:
There was a crosse in the churche of Dirham in whom an ymage of the crucifixe was, whom mony peple honourede with grete veneracion. And when that ymage was putte downe to the erthe and compassede abowte with thornes, as other ymages were, in the sexte fery, the face off the seide crucifixe apperede with grete reddenesse lyke to brasse in a hoote fyre, and grete moisture come from the face of hit, and dropes felle from the eien of hit, and bloode and water come from the riȝhte pappe of hit, whom the ministres of the churche gedrede in holy vesselles with grete diligence. Innocencius the thrydde, or Lotharius, succedid Celestinus the pope xviij. yere iiij. monethes and an halfe. This pope made a booke of the misery of the condicion of man, and mony other constitucions. Also he dampnede the booke of abbot Joachim, whom he made ageyne Petrus Lumbardus, maister of the sentences, and Almaryke Carnotense with his erroneous doctryne. The emperoure dedde in this yere, the princes of Alemayne were at discorde, for somme of theym electe Otho to be emperoure, and somme princes electe Philippe broþer to Henricus the vthe and empe|roure. Neverthelesse the seide Philippe sleyne by treason, Otho was crownede into emperoure of Innocencius the pope in Fraunce; whiche ȝafe batelle anoon to the Romanes, and toke
the yere of his governayle the princes of Alemayne erecte Frederyke into emperoure, whiche hade a glorious victory ageyne Otho the emperoure. Widomarus sherif Lenionicense in the lesse Briteyne, subjecte and servaunte to the kynge of Ynglonde, founde in this laste yere of the reigne of kynge Richarde the firste a grete treasure of golde and sylvyr in his grownde, a grete parte of whiche treasure he sende to kynge Richarde. But kynge Richarde refusede hit, seyenge that he awede to have alle by ryȝhte of his lordeschippe; but that oþer man denyede þat. Wherefore the kynge come to sege the cas|telle of Caluz, whiche pertenede to the seide sheriffe, supposynge that the treasure hade bene there. Neverthelesse the ministresthe idus of the monethe of Aprile, his body was divided into thre partes, and beryede in thre places, of whom a metricion rehersethe seyenge in this wyse:
An other metricion rehersethe in this wyse:
The epitaphy of the noble Ricardus cour de lyon:
In the yere of oure Lorde God a M. cxcvj., erle John and Marthandeus not ferre from the cite Belvacense toke Philippe bischoppe of the same welle armede, and William Merlan with his sonne, and other peple as innumerable. And so the seide bischoppe was presentede to kynge Richarde, whiche was kepede in prison in his armoure. At the laste, the pope sende wrytynge to kynge Richarde, havynge grete mervayle that he kepede his wellelovyde sonne so in prison. Wherefore the kynge takynge the armor of the bischoppe in whom he was taken sende theyme to the pope, wrytenge in his epistole, "Beholde wheþer this be the coote of thy sonne or nay." The pope seenge that, laborede not after for hym, and soe the seide bischoppe was delyverede by a certeyne summe of goodes.
RICHARDE kynge of Ynglonde dedde with owte childer, his
ti yere. This emperoure crownede of Honorius þe pope favorede the churche lyke athe innewede. This emperoure did sle Henricus hys awne sonne in prison, and causede the prelates to be taken whom Gregory the pope callede to a generalle cownsaile; whiche beynge faste in that grete and terrible sentence, wente to the holy Londe, levynge þer raþer desolacion then consolacion. Neverthelesse the seide emperoure was deposede at the laste by Innocencius the iiijthe pope, and after that the seide Frederyke, segenge a cite of Ytaly, was chasede awey by a legate of the pope unto Apulea, where he diede. Abowte this tyme
the in the northe, the vthe in the myddes of hevyn compassynge vj. tymes the oþer iiij. moones as by oon howre, and at the laste hit evaneschede.
IOHN kynge of Ynglonde did sle Arthurus, sonne of his broþer, at the castelle of Mirabel, and put Alienore his suster in perpetualle prison at Bristowe in this yere. For whiche cause the kynge of Fraunce occupiede Normandy, Briteyn, Pictavia, and diverse other cuntres. The ordre of Freres Precheours began this tyme under seynte Dominik in the partes Tholosan, but that ordre myȝhte not be conferemed
'Destruet hoc regnum Rex regum.'"
To whom Maurice seide, "Do the labour thy selfe, for thow
'Destruet hoc regnum Rex regum duplici placca.'"
Henricus the firste geten son of this kynge by Isabell was borne in this yere, of whom he gate also Ricardus erle of Cornewaile, and iij. doȝhters, Isabelle the empresse, Alienor, whiche was maryede to Marescallus erle of Penbroke, and after to Symon Mowntefort erle of Leicestre, whiche gate of her vj. childer; and Iohanne, the thrydde doȝhter, was maryede to þe kynge of Scotlonde. The interdicte of Ynglonde began in this yere, to indure by vij. yere, in that kynge Iohn refusede utterly Steven of Langeton, archebischop of Cawnterbery, confermed by the pope, and expellede the monkes of Cawnterbery and toke þeire goodes. Wherefore the pope did wryte to kynges nye to Ynglonde that thei scholde ryse ageyne kyng Iohn.
c. marke and for Yrlonde iij.c. marke. And if he or his successours fayle of the seide summes that thei scholde loose the tytle and ryȝhte of þe crowne of Ynglonde. This don Pandulphus the legate de|partede, and compellede the kynge of Fraunce to departe from Normandy. Steven the archebischop come to Ynglonde and absolvede the kynge an othe made afore to restore goodis taken awey. Kynge Iohn made an holy man to be drawen and honged, Petre off Pountefract by name, in that he seide mony infortunes scholde comme to hym for his cruellenesse and forni|cacion. Also the same man seide to hym that he scholde reigne xiiij. yere, when that he hade reignede allemoste xviij. yere.the monethe; beryede at Worcestre in the myddes of the qwere of monkes. ℞. Neverthelesse the commune fame is that he was poysonede at the monastery off Swynyshed of white monkes. For, as hit is seide, he seide þer at a dyner that he scholde make a loofe, that tyme worthe an halpenny, to be worthe xij.d. by the ende of the yere if he myȝhte have lyve. Oon of the breþer of þat place, familier with the kynge, herynge that, ordeynede poyson, and receyvynge the sacrament afore, toke þat poyson to the kynge, and so thei dyede bothe by the drynkynge of hit.
Henricus sonne of the seide kynge was erecte anoon into kynge, havynge ix. yere in age, thro helpe of the bischoppe off
the successoure to hym recom|pende for the dettes. Alexander kynge of Scottelonde maryede Johan, the sustyr of kynge Henricus. And also a grete huge wynde was in the feste of seynte Luke, commynge from the northe, depressynge howses and trees, and dragons of fyre and wikkede spirittes were seene to flye in the aiere at that tyme. A man was taken at Oxenforde in a cownsaile of bischoppes kepede þer, havynge woundes in his body lyke to the woundes of Criste, seyenge that he was redemer of man; whiche was cruci|fiede at Abbirbury by juggemente ȝiffen ageyne hym. John sonne of David erle of Scottelonde toke to his wife the doȝhter
the peny thro alle the londe. Freres Minors come firste into Ynglonde in this yere, by ij. yere afore the dethe of seynte Francisse. Gregorius the ixthe suceedid Honorius the pope xiiij. yere. This pope roborate the sentence of excommunicacion ageyne Frederyke the emperoure. This Gregory causede Reymunde to compilethe parte of theire goodes to recure his londes over see; whiche goynge over with a grete hoste profite but lytelle þer. William de Brwes put in blame for the wife of Lewelyn prince of Wales, was imprisonede and hongede; for whiche thynge grete discorde was movede betwene the kynge and the seide prince of Wales. Ranulphus erle of Chestre, of Lyncolne and of Huntyndon, dyede at Walyngeforde, and was beryede at Chestre in the chapitre of monkes with his progenitors, whom John Scotte succedid, sonne of his suster. This Ranulphus hade iiij. susters: Matilda the eldeste of þeym was maryede to David erle of Scottelonde, of whom the seide John come. Mabily the secunde sustyr was mariede to þe erle of Arundell. Agnes the thrydde suster was maryede to the erle of Derby. Hawisia the iiij. suster was maryede to Robert Quincy, erle of
the yere of his governayle, and was beriede at Pontiniacus in Burguigne, and translate in the viijthe yerethe.
FREDERICUS the emperoure toke to his wife Isabell, suster of kynge Henricus; in whiche yere Iewes were brouȝhte afore the kynge at Westmynstre, in that thei hade hidde a childe at Norwiche by oon yere, and hade purposede to have crucifiede hit after þe circumcision of hit. Kynge Henricus mariede Alienor doȝhter of the erle Provincense. Iohn Scotte, erle of
the idus of the monethe of Junius; the erledome of whom returnede to the kynge insomoche that the seide cuntre enjoyede a regalle pre|rogatife, oþer londes ȝiffen to the iiij. sustres, leste so noble a londe scholde have bene divided amonge the rockes of women. Otto the legate come into Ynglonde in this yere, whiche ordeynede mony noble constitutions to the utilite of the churche; whiche commynge thro Oxforde, a grete conflicte was made betwene the scolers and his men, insomoche that, oon of his men sleyne, he was segede in the towre of Oseney unto eve, and he myȝhte unnethe be delyverede by ministres of the kynge commynge from Abendon. Þis legate
the succedid Gre|gorythe succedid xj. yere and vj. monethes. The crowne of thorne of oure Savioure was brouȝhte in this tyme into Fraunce. Otho the legate departede from Ynglonde, was taken on the see by men longynge to the emperoure. Seynte Edmund dyede at Soysy, whom Bonefacius succedid. This Edmund, borne at Aben|don nye to Oxenforde, hade a religious fader and moder. The fader of whom was callede Edwarde Ryche, lyvenge in reguler observaunce afterwarde at Evisham by consente of his wife. And the name of his moder was Mabily, a woman devoute in the servyce of Allemyȝhty God. This holy seynte Edmund, clene from every filthy contagion, borne in the feste of seynte Edmunde kynge and martir, lay as dedde by alle that day, inso|moche
INNOCENCIUS the iiijthe succedid Celestinus the pope, xj. yere and vj. monethes; whiche fullefyllede the voide seetes of cardinalls with honeste persons, and made Hewe frere of the ordre Precheours a cardinalle; whiche postillate alle the bible, and compilede grete concordances on the bible. This pope kepede a cownsaile at Lugdune in Fraunce, grawntenge the canoni|zacion
the yere after his dethe, and decrete Frederyke the emperoure to be deposede for his re|bellion. A Jewe diggenge in this yere at Tholetum in Speyne to amplifye his vyneyerde founde a stonne holle on every syde, in the myddes of whom he founde a booke after the quantite of a sawter, with levys of tre wryten in Hebrewe, Grewe, and in Latyn, spekynge of the threfolde state of the worlde from Adam unto Antecriste, expressynge the proprytes of men, puttynge the begynnynge of the thrydde worlde in Criste in this maner: "The Sonne of God schalle be borne of Mary a virgyn in the thrydde worlde, whiche schalle suffre dethe for the redempcion of man." Suche a derthe of corne was in Ynglonde in this yere, that a quarter of whete was solde for xvj. s. Seynte Edmunde was translate in this yere, and Frederyke emperour diede excommunicate; Manfredus the naturalle sonne of whom
ti M. schepardes or kepers of bestes merkede with the signe of the
the idus of October; whiche was instructe excellentely in alle the artes liberalle, and made mony compendious werkes, specially in logyke, moralle philosophy, and in astrology. Whiche sende to pope Innocencius the iiijthe a notable epistolle whiche began "Dominus noster Jesus Christus," in that he began to vexe the churches of Ynglonde with undewe exaccions and inconsuete. And also he ȝafe to Frederyke sonne of his broþer a prebende in the churche of Lincolne with the nexte vacacion of that seete also, whom the seide bischoppe wolde not admitte. And the rescription of the bischop began, "Noverit discrecio vestra," and hit was his answere also to the archidiacon off Cawnterbery and to an oþer man, whiche was the collector of the pope in Ynglonde, whiche tweyne receyvede the bulle of the pope to
the did succede Innocencius. vij. yere and iiij. monethes. Also pease was
the succedid pope Alexander allemoste iiij. yere; this pope was patriarke of Jerusalem afore, whiche grawntede to Charls broþer of the kynge of Fraunce the realme of Sicille, if he cowthe expelle Mainfredus, and so he did. Abowte this tyme a Jewe felle into a sege at Theoskesbery on theire sabbathe day, and wolde not suffre to be drawen from the sege in that day for the reverence of theire sabbat. And Richard of Clare, erle of Glowcestre, beynge þer þat tyme, and understondynge and knowynge of that Jewe, wolde not suffre hym to be taken furthe on Sonneday for reverence of his sabbat day, and so the Jewe diede in the sege.
A GRETE discorde sprong betwene kynge Henry and gen|tyllmen of Ynglonde of certeyne constitucions, ordeynede in the parliamente at Oxenforde, not observede by the kynge: thethe did succede pope Urban as iiij. yere
ti M. li. Octobonus the legate denowncede men of London and of Chichestre to be
the idus of October, under kynge Henricus; and þe xxti peny of laymen
the peny thro alle the clergy. Edwarde son of the kynge, takynge his wife with hym, wente to the Holy Londe in this yere. Gregory the xthe succedid pope Clemente iiij. yere, whiche kepede a solenne cownsaile at Lug|dune for the utilite of the Holy Londe, whom he intendede to visitte in his awne person, in whiche cownsayle þe messangersc M. Cristen peple was dispersede, for the legate of the pope, whiche was govenoure of the pilgremes in the Holy Londe, and the kynge of Fraunce
Edwarde the eldeste sonne of kynge Henricus come ynto Ynglonde from the Holy Londe in the iiijthe nones of August, and was crownede the xiiijthe kalendes of September of Ro|bert archebischop of Cawnterbery. And in the day nextethe succedid Gregorius as v.
the succedid ij. monethes; after whom John þe xxjti succedid viij. monethes, callede Petyr afore, a famose man in diverse sciences. Nicholas the thrydde suc|cedid pope John as iij. yere. Kynge Edward wente to Wales in this yere, and made the castelle of Flynte, and renewede the castelle of Ruthlan, in that Lewelinus prince of Wales wolde not comme to his parliamente into Ynglonde. But the seide prince comme to kynge Edwarde and submitte hym selfe, ȝiffynge to hym for his transgression lti M.li., and a M. marke after yerely for the yle of Angleseye. Nicholas þe pope made frere Robert Culwarby, cardinalle, and putte in his place
The Ynglische man did wryte in this wyse:
Kynge Edward causede the lawes of Ynglonde to be kepede in Wales, and putte schireffes þer to governe þe cuntre. Edwarde of Caernarvon, son of kynge Edwarde, was borne in this yere at the seide towne of Wales, in the feste of seynte Marke. Nicholas the iiijthe, of the ordre of Minors, succedid Honorius the iiijthe as vj. yere. In this yere were so grete drynesse and hete that mony men dyed þerby. In whiche yere merchandyses were brente at seynte Botulphus by the childer of Belial, whiche sette diverse places in fyre that thei myȝhte spoyle and gette goodes. And, as hit was seide, alle the money that was in Ynglonde
d. Also in the nyȝhte of seynte Margarete folowynge, a grete tempeste of reyne, thundre, and lyȝhtnenge was drownynge corne, insomoche that a bushelle of whete, solde þat tyme for iij.d., encreasede by succession unto ij.s. contynuynge so allemoste by xlti yere unto the dethe of kynge Edwarde after the conqueste the secunde. The Jewes were expulsede from Ynglonde in this,the lyvynge as an anchor succedid pope Nicholas the
A CONTRAVERSY was hade what man scholde reioyce þe realme of Scottelonde after the dethe kynge Alexander, dedde withowte eny childer. And for cause that mony men chalangede that realme by reason of consanguinite, hit was decidede that the realme myȝhte not be reioycede by eny of theyme withowte consente of the principalle lorde of that realme. Wherefore hit was founde by writynge autentike and olde, that the kynge of Ynglonde is the principalle lorde of Scottelonde. Kynge Edwarde, willynge his successor to have
c. and x. kynge Edwarde the senior subduede to hym the kynges of Scottelonde and of Cumbrelonde. Also in the yere of oure Lorde ix.c. and xxj. the seide peple electe kynge Edwarde into theire patrone. Also in þe yere of oure Lorde ix.c. and xxvj., kynge Athelstan devicte Constantyne kynge of Scottes, and suffrede hym to reigne under hym. Also Canutus, kynge of Ynglonde and of Denmarke, hade victory ageyne Malcolinus kynge of Scottes, in the xvj. yere of his reigne; and after that he was kynge of iiij. londes, as of Ynglonde, of
Sic.
BONEFACIUS the viijthe succedid pope Celestinus the vthe xj. yere. This pope grawntede grete indulgences in vthe yere of
the booke of the Decretalles, in whom he decided mony dowtes; also he did in|corporate mony constitucions extravagant of Honorius, Adrian, and of Innocencius, of Clement, and of other. ℞. But Celes|tinus, immediate predecessor to hym, prophecyede of this Bone|facethe succedid pope Benedict xij. yere; þis pope laborede moche to gedre treasure and to edifye castells, and dampned the ordre of Templaryes. Also he ordeynede the vijthe booke of the Decretalles, whiche he callede Constitutions Clementyn, but he revokede þat booke
ti his successor, innewede and incorporate. This pope Clement translate firste of alle other bischoppes of Rome the seete of the pope unto Avinion, but y leve as untowchede wheþer it was doen by the wylle of God or by the boldenesse of man. Kynge Edward made grete inquisicions in this yere ageyne malefactors and usurpers of the crowne, which inquisicion is called trail|baston. Robert Bruz usurpede the realme of Scottelond, and did sle Iohn Comyn abowte Ester, in the churche of freres Minors at Dounfrez, in that he wolde not consente to hym. But kynge Edwarde commynge into that cuntre, causede the seide Robert Bruȝ to fle, and hongede the sleers of the seide Iohn.
KYNGE Edwarde diede in this yere at Burghe uppon sonde nye to Caerliel, in the feste of the translacion of seynte Thomas and the xxxvti yere of his reigne. The dethe of whom Robert archebischop of Cawnterbery see in his slepe, beynge in exile that tyme at the cowrte of Rome. Whom Edwarde the secunde and his son did succede, whiche callede his luffe Petyr Gavaston to the realme ageyne, makynge hym duke of Corne|waille, and toke to hym the governaunce of Ynglonde whiles that he taryede behynde see for mariage. For he maryede Isabel, doȝhter of Philippe kynge of Fraunce, at Bonony. Whiche returnede thens was crownede kynge of Ynglonde at Westemynstre of the bischop of Wynchestre by auctorite of pope Clement, in the Sonneday of Quinquagesme, in that Robert
the yere folowynge, in the day of seynte Calixt. A knyȝhte of Lancastreschire movede gwerre in this yere ageyne Thomas of Lancastre his lorde abowte the feste of seynte Michell, which was taken and heded abowte the feste of seynte Martyn.
JOHN the xxijti succedid pope Clemente the vthe xviij. yere; whiche innewede the vijthe booke of þe Decretalles, ordeynenge at generalle studyes disciplyne of the langage of Hebrewe, of Grewe, and of Latyn. A grete moreyn off bestes and dethe
ti s. A wryter, Iohn by name, havynge a catte familier to hym, seide openly at Oxenforde abowte Pentecoste, that he was the tru heire of Yng|londe, wherefore he was convicte at Northampton before the noble men of the londe, the kynge presente, and was drawen and hongede. In whiche yere ij. cardinalles commen to Ynglonde excommunicate Robert Bruz, and alle peple support|ynge hym, and interdicte the londe of Scottes. In that kynge Edwarde noryschede ij. of the Spensers, Hewe Spenser the
the kalendes of Apryle, and toke seynte Thomas of Lancastre with mony oþer noble men, whiche were hongede in diverse places for the moore parte, but Thomas of Lancastre was heded at Powntefret, his awne castelle, þe xjthe kalendes of Aprile. Of the merites of this erle Thomas of Lancastre diverse a ryvethe yere folowynge, the power of the Spensers began to encrease, and the powere of the qwene to decrease, untylle that the kynge of
THE qwene of Ynglonde, with Edwarde her sonne and Roger Mortymare, whiche hade escapede from the towre of London,
EDWARD, sonne of kynge Edwarde, after the conqueste the thrydde, of xv. yere in age, was crownede into kynge in the feste of the Purificacion of oure blissed Lady at Westemynstre, his fader beynge in lyve and under kepynge. In the begyn|nynge of whom the erthe began to ȝiffe moche fruite, the aierthe sonne of this newe kynge, was borne in this yere, the xvij. kalendes of Iunius, of his qwene, doȝhter of the erle of Hunaldes. And Rogerus Mortymare was taken at Notyngham, in that he commaundede
the idus of Iulius, and William Neeth, a knyȝhte of Scottelonde, promysede to brynge an hoste of Scottes to remove hym from that sege. After þat the Scottes brente in diverse places of Northumbrelonde, and seged the castelle of Banburgh, where the qwene of Ynglonde was, thenkynge to dissolvedethe kalendes of Auguste,
c. horsemen were sleyne, and xxxvti M. of footemen were sleyne. The men of Berwike seenge þat,ti pope dyede in this yere; whom
the at Salisbery, the vthe at Gloucestre. A grete discorde was movede betwene the kynges of Ynglonde and of Fraunce, in that the kynge of Fraunce occupiede diverse cites and growndes in the cuntre of Gascoigne. Wherefore Edwarde kynge of Ynglonde sende to the kynge of Fraunce meke supplicacions if he myȝhte recure his cuntre in that wise; but kynge Edwarde profitynge not þerby, gedrede a myȝhty hoste, and saylede into Flandres; after that he wente to Colony, obtenynge the favore of the em|peroure,
the parte of the goodes of men, and occu|piede the wolles of alle men, and the ixthe parte of alle cornes,s., and a fatte ox for vj. s. viij. d. Kynge Edwarde entrede into the see with ij. c. schippes in the vigille of seynte Iohn Baptiste, whiche mette a grete navy of schippes abowte
the did succede, whiche ȝafe diverse dignites vacante that tyme in Ynglonde unto his cardinalls. Wherefore kynge Edwarde displeasede þerwith, made voide suche promisions made by the pope, in the yere of oure Lorde God Mcccliiijti, commaundynge that noo man scholde brynge suche promisions into his realme from the pope in peyn of prisonment and of hongynge.
The compilator of this booke wrote unto this tyme. ℞.
EDMUND, sonne of kynge Edwarde geten of Philippa hisc men lettynge the makynge of the brygges. Kynge Edwarde passynge over the water of Sequana towardec. men of armes sleyn in hit of men of Fraunce. And in the xxvj. day of the monethe of Auguste kynge Edwarde hade a glorious victory ageyne Philippe kynge of Fraunce, and putte hym to flyȝhte at Crescy: the same tyme ij kynges, of Boemia and of Majorica, and the duke of Lotharingia, ij. bischoppes, viij. erles, mony noble lordes, ij. M. knyȝhtes were sleyne on the parte of the kynge of Fraunce, and commune peple as in|numerable. In whiche batelle Philippe kynge of Fraunce was unhorsede ij. tymes by kynge Edward in his awne per|son, and was full feyne to fle. After that kynge Edwarde taryede by oon yere in segenge the cite of Calys, trowblynge moche men of Ynglonde afore. In whiche yere the xvij. day of Octobre, a grete hoste of the Scottes commyn unto Dirham by the movynge of the kynge of Fraunce, were overcommen by the cleregy of the province of Yorke. In whiche batell David Bruz kynge of Scotlonde was taken, William Douglas, and mony other noble men. Philippe kynge of Fraunce come abowte the feste of seynte Bartholomewe nye to Calese, as to dissolve that sege, but in the morowe he fledde, levynge his tentes fulle of vitells. Men of Calyse perceyvynge that, yel|dede that cite to the kynge of Ynglonde, whiche taryenge þer and disposynge that cite after his pleasure by a monethe, re|turnede into Ynglonde, suffrenge grete tempestes on the see, and losynge mony noble men. Insomoche that he compleynte to Mary, moder of Criste, seyenge, "O blessede Mary my lady, what thynge dothe hit portende that the weder is feire, the see is quiete in goynge to Fraunce, and that in returnynge to Ynglonde so mony infortunys succede?" A grete habundaunce of reigne was in this yere that hit reynede in every day or nyȝhte from the feste of seynte Iohn Bap|tiste unto Cristemasse. Whom a grete mortalite and dethe of men folowede thro the worlde, begynnynge from the plages of the sowthe and of the northe, that unnethe the halfe parte of men remayuede on lyve. For in somme religious place ij. men were not lefte of xxit. And a grete derthe of bestesti men remaynede not with the kynge. The kynge seenge that drawede his swerde, and seide, "Ha seynte Edward, ha seynte George." That seide, mony men of Ynglonde come to hym, and did sle j.c. men of Fraunce, compellynge the seide knyȝhte to fle with mony other. Maister Iohn Offord, chaunceler of Yng|londe, electe and confermede into the archebischop of Cawn|terbery, and not consecrate, dyede in this yere; whom mayster Thomas Bredewardyn succedid by eleccion. Also pope Cle|mente the vjte grawntede plenary remission to alle peple dyenge in Ynglonde that grete pestilence endurynge. A grete batelle and soore fauȝhten was hade on the see in this yere nye to Wynchelesey, in the feste of the decollacion of seynte Iohn Baptiste, betwene men of Ynglonde and of Speyne, in so moche þat unnethe eny man escapede from that batelle unhurte. But xxiiij. schippes taken of men of Speyne, the victory was re|joycede by men of Ynglonde by the favor of God. Symon Langham was made abbot of Westemynstre in this yere by elec|cion. This man was of suche sapience that he precellede allemoste alle other men in thynges agible. For he was of so grete circumspeccion and policy that unnethe a man cowthe be founde in Ynglonde egalle to hym; whiche enjoyede so mony vertues that the kynge made hym treasurer, and soone after bischop of Ely and chaunceler of Ynglonde, and after that archebischoppe off Cawnterbery. After that the fame of the seide noble man was so gretely encreasede that pope Urbanthe take hym into a cardinalle preste of the title of Seynte Sixte. After that he was made bischop Penestryne by pope Gregory the xijthe; whiche diede at Avinion þe xxijti day of the monethe of Iulius, in the yere of oure Lorde a M. ccc. lxxv., and was beryede at the monastery of Goodepasse, whom he founded, and his boones were brouȝhte after to Westemynster. The translacion of seynte Thomas, bischop of Herforde, was made in this yere with grete honoure, the kynge, the prince, and mony prelates beynge þer presente, as peple innumerable. This yere was the yere jubile, in whom moche peple wente to Rome for remission of theire synnes. Maister Thomas Brade|wardyn, archebischop of Cawnterbery, diede in this yere, whom maister Symon Islep did succede by eleccion. In whiche yere a batelle or conflicte of ij. men was made with ynne the kynges palice at Westemyntre, betwene lorde Iohn Bastarde, broþer of Philippe kynge of Fraunce, and a knyȝhte of Ypres; but the seide lorde Iohn rejoycede the victory. William Edyngton, bischop of Wynchestre and treasurer of Ynglonde, causede a grote to be imprintede, and halfe a grote, to the grete utilite of the kynge, and not of the commune peple; for after that alle
the diede in the day of Nicholas; and Steven, bischop Ostiense, was electe soone after, and callede Innocencius the vjte. In whiche [time] Haymo Attehethe, bischop of Rochestre, resignede his office to the pope voluntaryly; whom maister Iohn Shepey, prior of the seide place, did succede. Also in the same yere Syr Walter Bentele, knyȝhte and keper off Briteyne, hade vic|tory ageyne the marcialle off Fraunce nye to Mauron, peple as innumerable of Fraunce taken and sleyne. In this yere was so grete drynesse þat unnethe from Marche unto the monethe of Iulius eny drope of water did falle, whereby cornes and oþer frutes were destroyede in that yere, insomoche that men and peple of Ynglonde were compellede by necessite to labour for theire fyndynge to other cuntres nye to theym. William duke of Selonde, understondynge that, sende to Ynglonde mony schippes chargede with whete and flowre. Henricus, erle of Derbey and off Lancastre, was made duke of Lancastre in this yere, and Rawfe, lorde of Stafforde, erle of Stafforde.ti day of
EDWARDE sonne of kynge Edward the thrydde after þe con|queste, returnede in this yere into Ynglonde, abowte þe feste of Pentecoste, with Iohn kynge of Fraunce, taken in captivite. And soone after ij. cardinalls were sende from the pope to make acorde betwene the kynges of Ynglonde and of Fraunce, whiche taryenge in Ynglonde by oon yere complete, the thrydde cardinalle come to comforte the kynge off Fraunce, and taryede at London with the other cardinalls. David le Bruȝ, kynge of Scotlonde, was delyverede in this yere, abowte the feste of Alle Seyntes, kepede in holde by xj. yere, a grete summe of goode payede afore to the kynge for his rawnson. In whiche yere a grete hoste entrede into Fraunce, callede peple withowte a governoure, whiche trowblede soore the realme of Fraunce. Isabel, moder of kynge Edward the thridde, diede in this yere the xxvj. day of the monethe of Auguste, and was beryede in the churche of the freres Minours at London. The interdicte fulminate into lay men of Oxenforde for the dethe of scolers was releischede in this yere. A grete contraversy spronge this yere in the cowrte of Rome, betwene Armachanus, arche|bischop of Yrlonde, and beggynge frers. Also grete hurte was made in Briteyne and Normandy by Philippe broþer of the kynge of Navarria, Iames lorde of the Pype, Roberte Knolles, and mony oþer men of Ynglonde, withowte commaundemente of the kynge of Ynglonde. Kynge Edwarde causede the feste of seynte George to be kepede with grete solennite at Wynde|shore in this yere. Edwarde sonne of kynge Edwarde, prince of Wales, saylede to Caleys with the duke of Lancastre, and allemoste with alle other noble men of the realme, and kynge Edwarde come to þe same cite soone after, abowte the feste ofthe day after Ester. And abowte the feste of Lam|masse folowynge Armachanus and the frers seasede of theire contraversy by precepte of the pope. Armachanus diede in this yere at Avinon, the boones of whom were brouȝhte after unto Dundalke in Yrlonde, where he was borne, by whom mony miracles be schewed þer unto the lawde of Godde. In whiche tyme the prince of Wales, the duke of Lancastre, and mony other noble men of the londe wente with the kynge of Fraunce to Caleys for pease to be reformede; and an othe made for pease to be kepede of bothe partes, the kynges departede into theire cuntrees abowte the feste of seynte Michell nexte folow|ynge. And messangers were sende soone after to the pope for that acorde to be imbullede and confermede. After that a collacion made of the concorde betwene þe kynges in the parliament at Westemynstre, the noble men of the realme consente þerto. Wherefore masse seide of the Trinite by the archebischop of Cawnterbery, the kynge presente with his sonnes, causede the gentylle men of the realme of Ynglonde and of Fraunce, whiche hade made noon othe at Caleys, tote day of Maii, in the myddes of the day, whom a grete dryenesse did folowe, causynge a grete derthe of hay and corne. Reyne lyke to bloode felle in Burguyn in this yere, and the crosse of Criste of the coloure of bloode apperede in the aiere in Bolony, from morow unto the vjthe howre, whiche movede hyt selfe, moche peple seenge that mervayle, and felle in the myddes of the see. In whiche yere in the tyme of ver ij. castells apperede in the firmament, bothe in Ynglonde and in Fraunce, from whom ij. hostes wente, oon hoste clothede in white, an oþer in blak. And in the firste batell the white hoste hade victory, and after that the blacke hoste gedred to gedre have victory of the white; that doen thei entrede into theire castells and evaneschede. A grete mortalite of men was in this yere in Ynglonde, and specially of male peple, in whiche tyme mony noble prelates dyede, somme names of whom we schalle expresse, thauȝhe we make not mencion of theyme alle: Henricus duke of Yorke, Reynald Cobham, William the son of Warinus, noble men. Iohn Gaunt, sonne of kynge Edward, was made in this yere duke of Lancastre, by reason of his wife, doȝhter and heire to Henricus duke of Lancastre. A grete companye of diverse nacions, the governours of whom were men of Ynglonde, never|thelesse thei were callede an hoste with owte an hedde, wastede Fraunce gretely þis tyme, and occupiede mony townes and castells in hit, and the kynge of Fraunce cowthe not expelle þeim from that cuntre by eny cautele or batelle. Also an other white hoste apperede in this yere, whiche wente by Provincia into Longobardy, takynge grete raunson of cites, castells, and of
An other metricion seithe in this maner:
This is the intellect of the versus: that this mervellous wynde was in the yere of oure Lorde God a M. ccc. lxj., in the feste of seynte Maurus abbotte; whiche is tru after the computacion of the churche of Ynglonde, but the cotacion afore is tru after the computacion of the churche of Rome, put in the margyn above. Symon Langham, abbot of Westemynstre, was made bischop
the diede in this yere, whom Urban þe vte succedid, a man of grete connynge, whiche made a constitucion ageyne men havynge pluralites of benefices in the secunde yere of his office, but clerkes thro the favor of lordes, what by labor, preyer, and by money, causede that the seide constitucion toke noon effecte. Also hit was ordeynede in the parliamente in this yere that men of lawe scholde plete in theire moder langage. Also wickede men dividede the body of a preste in London in this yere, whiche partes thei caste with grete contempte in diverse places of the cite, but those men cowthe not be knowen unto this tyme. The noble fame of kynge Edwarde and of histi M. of the pagans,the yere of his age, and not overtymely, as mony men seide. The lorde Cowey maryede into his wife in this yere at Wyndeshore with grete solemnite, the xxvijti day of the monethe of Iulius, Isabel the doȝhter of kynge Edwarde, whiche wolde be maryede oonly for luffe. The cite of Alexandry was taken in the same yere by the kynge of Cipria, sleenge afore a grete multitude of paganes, and soone after a grete hoste of the paganes were gedred to ȝiffe batell to that kynge. Neverthelesse that kynge toke with hym alle the rychesse of that cite as infinite, and brente a grete parte of the cite afore his departynge, whiche causede spice to be dere longe after. Symon Islep, archebischop of Cawnterbery, diede in this yere, whom Symon Langham, bischop of Hely, succedid, and maister Iohn Barnet was trans|late from the seete of Bathe to Hely, and maister Iohn Harewell was confermede into the bischop of Bathe. An oþer sonne was borne to the prince of Wales at Burdews, and namede Ricardus, whom Ricardus kynge of Armorica toke from the fonte. Abowte this tyme mony castelles and townes, occupiede by a grete hoste of Ynglonde, were takyn to the kynge of Fraunce by commaundement of kynge Edward. Wherefore Bertrandus Cleykyn, a noble man of werre, wente ageyne the kynge of Speyne with the seide hoste thro helpe of the pope, in that he was man of ylle disposicion. The kynge of Speyne, dredynge that company, fledde to Gascoigne to prince Edwarde for helpe and socoure. This kynge departede from that cuntre, Henricus, a bastarde broþer to hym, was erecte and crownede kynge by assente of mony noble men of Speyne, and of that oþer grete company, whiche were lx. M. in nowmbre. William Edyngton,
A SOORE batelle was hade in the thridde day of Aprile nye to the towne of Naser betwene Edward prince of Aquitanny and Henricus Bastarde occupyenge the crowne of Speyne. But fortune favorynge, prince Edward hade victory; amonge whom the erle of Deen was taken, and Bertrandus Cleykyn, chef causer of that trowble and duke or governoure of the firste warde. And after that this noble prynce Edward restorede Petyr kynge of Speyne into his realme, where mony noble men of Ynglonde dyed off the flix. In the same yere, in the begynnynge of the monethe of Maii, pope Urban þe vthe come with alle his cowrte from Avinon to Rome, where he did londe abowte the feste of seynte Luke the evangeliste, receyvede þer with grete solennite. Whiche repairede anoon hooly places falle down, and onornede the relikes of seyntes with golde, silvyr, and with precious gemmes, and did mony other noble thynges þer; wherefore his memoriall schalle be in lawde for ever. A blasynge sterre was signe in this yere betwene the partes of the northe and of the weste, directynge his beames towarde Fraunce. Leonell son of kynge Edward the thrydde and duke of Clarence, takynge with hym a grete multitude of the noble men of Ynglonde, wente to Mediolan to mary the doȝhter of the lorde of þat cuntre, with whom he scholde have halfe of that lordeschippe. That matrimony complete with grete glory, the seide duke diede abowte the feste of the nativite of oure Lady nexte folowynge. Symon Langham, archebischop of Cawnterbery, was create into a cardinall in the same yere, and in the monethe of October; and in the yere nexte folowynge he wente unto þe cowrte of Rome. Whiche tyme þe pope translate maistyr William Withlesey from the seete of Worcestre to the seete of Cawnterbery, and maister William Lynne, bischop of Chichestre, to þe seete of Worcestre, and confermed maister William Reed to be bischop of Chichestre. Men of Fraunce brake peas in the same yere, rydynge in the cownte Pontif and doynge grete hurte in that cuntre, puttynge the blame as of brekynge of peas of men of Ynglonde. The duchesse of Lancastre, doȝhter of Henricus somme tyme duke of Lancaster, diede in this yere, and was beryede at London in the churche of Seynte Paule. Kyngethe was desirede of the clergy of iij. yere; but the clergy differede to grawnt theym untylle after Ester. And after that tyme thei made grawnte þerto, so that thei scholde pay the seide dymes in diverse tymes in the thre yere. And a xvthe was graunted of lay men in lyke wise. Sir Iohn Chaundos, a noble knyȝhte and discrete, was sleyne in this yere in Gascoigne. Kynge Edwarde, folowynge the cownsaile of wickede men in this yere, borowede a grete summe of goode of prelates, merchandes, and of other ryche men, seyenge that hit scholde be spende into the defense of the churche and of the realme. Abowte the feste of seynte Iohn Baptist folowynge, a grete hoste was gedred of diverse costes of Ynglonde, amonge whom was
the returnede from Rome to Avinon to make a finalle concorde betwene the kynges of Ynglonde and of Fraunce, but he diede soone after on the xxjti day of December, and was beryede þer in the cathedrall churche afore the hye awter; but after oon yere paste he was taken from the erthe and beryede in the monastery of Seynte Victor, nye to Marsilia, afterwarde, where he was abbot afore, in whiche place mony miracles be doen by hym unto the lawde of Godde; whom Gregory the xjthe did succede, cardinalle diacon afore. The cite Lemovicense began to rebelle ageyne prince Edwarde, which prince wontynge moneye made grete haste to Ynglonde and in his iourney he allemoste destroyede that cite to the grownde, and toke into captivite and did slee men fownde in hit. And abowte the begynnynge of Ianiver he londed in Ynglonde with his wife and peple, levynge in Gascoigne the duke of Lancastre, and Edmunde erle of Cawntebrigge, with mony other noble men. In this yere a parliamente kepede atti M.li., whiche was grawntede by deliberacion after the feste of Ester, and other lti M.li. was grawntede of lay peple. The chawnceller of Ynglonde and the treasurer, bischoppes bothe were amovede from theire offices, and the clerke of the prive seale, at the peticion of lordes in that parliament in the hate of the clergy, and other laymen were subrogate in the places of theyme. Solenne ambassiators were sende from the pope to the kynge in this parliamente to trete with the kynge for pease, but with owte dowte noon effecte folowede þeron to eny purpose.
KYNGE Edwarde kepede a parliamente at Wynchestre in the ixthe day of the monethe of Iunius, durynge by viij. daies. Unto whiche parliament iiij. bischoppes and iiij. abbottes were citede oonly to appere, whiche parliamente was hade for merchandes of London, of Norwiche, and of oþer cites, in that hit was seide that thei wolde rebelle ageyne hym. The duke
ti shippes chargede with men of Ynglonde, knowynge not that thei were of Flandres. Neverthelesse grete hurte wolde have commyn þerby, but that pease was reformede soone betwene the parties. In whiche yere men of Fraunce segede the towne of Rochelle, wherefore the erle of Penbroke was sende to Gascoigne with a grete multitude off peple to dissolve that sege. But a fleete of schippes of Speyne mette with theym, and toke theyme, or did sle theym, and brouȝhte the erle with theym into Speyne with a grete treasure, abowte the feste of seynte Iohn Baptiste. But hit is not to be mervaylede of this infortune, for that erle was an open advouturer, and laborede in the parliamente but late afore ageyne the liberte of the churche movynge the kynge that he scholde take rather goodes of the churche then the goodes of eny oþer peple: where|foretc of lay men. Alle Gascoigne rebellede ageyne the kynge of Ynglonde in this tyme, Burdews and Baio ex|cepte, and turnede to the kynge of Fraunce. William With|lesey archebischop of Cawnterbery diede in this yere, the vthe day of Iunius, wherefore the monkes of the seide place askede the cardinalle of Ynglonde into archebischop. The kynge
IN the begynnynge of the monethe of Maii kynge Edward causede a parliamente to be kepede at Westemonastery, in whom he askede a subsidy after his olde consuetude, for his defense and of þe realme also. But the commune peple seide that thei were so oppressede with exaccions that thei myȝhte not sustene þat burdeyn eny longer. For thei seide that þei hade tru knowlege that þe kynge hade goode ynowe if the realme were governede truly; but thei seide also that the kynge scholde not habunde in rychesse so longe as the realme were governede by wickede officers, and that thei scholde prove. That probacion hade if the kynge hade nede to theire goodes thei scholde helpe hym with theire goodes with goode wille. After that, mony ylle thynges were publischede of diverse officers beynge nye to the kynge, and specially of the lorde Latymer his cham|breleyn for wikkede disposicion. Also an other woman, Alice Perers, of wikkede disposicion, was rehersede þer for her wicked disposicion, whom the kynge kepede into his con|cubyne by a grete space. Wherefore the commune peple desirede þese unhappy persons to be removede from the kynge, and noble men and discrete to be subrogate in theire places. A noble knyȝhte, wise, beautuous and discrete, was amonge the seide communes, Petur Lamare by name, by whom alle the commune peple were governede, whiche accusynge the seide persons was commaunded to prison perpetuall soone after at Notyngham by the seide Alice Perers, where he taryede by the space of ij. yere. Edwarde prince of Wales diede in the tyme of þe seide parliamente, at Westemonastery, in the kynges palice, whiche was beryede in Cristechurche at Cawnterbery with grete honour. Kynge Edwarde kepede grete solennite in the feste of Trinite after the dethe of his sonne: by the tyme of his lyfe the fortune and nobilite of that myȝhty prince were dredde by alle Cristen men, and pagans also. Men and tenauntes of the erle of Warwyke made a malicious insurrec|cion ageyne thabbotte and covente of Evisham and theire tenauntes, intendynge to have destroyede that monastery, be|tynged., poore peple excepte whiche lyvede by almes, and xij.d. of every person of the churche promotede, and of oþer persons not promotede iiij.d., the frers of iiij. ordres excepte. Maister Iohn Wyclef, doctor in divinite in the univer|site of Oxenforde, began to sustene openly in the seide univer|site erroneus conclusions contrary to the state of the universalle churche, and conclusions of heresy, and specially ageyne chanons, monkes, and religious men possessionate. Whiche drawede to hym in this tyme diverse felawes of the same secte dwellynge in Oxenforde, goynge barefote with longe gownes of russet, that thei myȝhte publische and fortifye theire errours ageyne men contrarious to theyme, prechynge openly the seide errours. Amonge whom thei seide that the sacramente in the awter after the sacrament or consecracion is not the verey body of Criste. Also he seide that temporalle lordes and men myȝhte take awey meritoriously the goodes men of the churche syn|nynge or trespassynge. Neverthelesse the pope with his cownsaile dampnede xxiijti conclusions as veyne, erroneus and fulle of heresy, and sende bulles directe to þe metropolitan
IN the begynnynge of the monethe of October pope Gregory removede from Avinon to Rome. Syr Iohn Mensterworthe, knyȝhte, was drawen, hongede, and heded in this yere at the cite of London, and quatert after that, and his hedde was setteti yere, and was beryede at Westemonastery. This noble and myȝhty kinge Edward, amonge alle oþer men of nobilite in the worlde, was a man of grete goodenesse, callede gracious, excellenge alle his predecessour by vertu and grace ȝiffen to hym of God, a bolde man in herte, dredynge not sinistralle fortune in batells, havynge grete fortune in theyme bothe on see and on londe. Also he was meke, benigne, and familier to alle maner of peple, devoute to God, honourynge the churche of God, and havynge his ministres in grete reverence. Also he was moderate in cures temporalle, provide in cownsaille, affable and eloquente, meke in behavoure, havynge compassion on men in tribulacion. Also he was elegant and beawtuous of body, havynge a comfortable and pleasante countenaunce lyke to the syȝhte of an angelle, for God hade induede hym with suche excellence of grace that a man wolde have thouȝhte as
RICHARD of Burdews, sonne of prince Edwarde, sonne to Edward kynge of Ynglonde, havynge not xj. yere in age, was crownede solennely at Westemonastery into kynge of Symon archebischop of Cawnterbery, in the idus of Iulius, and in the yere of oure Lorde God a M.ccc.lxxvij., archebischoppes, bischoppes, prelates, and mony oþer noble men of the realme presente þer. Within whiche solennite he made iiij. erles, Thomas Wodestok his uncle at Bukkyngham, the lorde Percy at Northumbrelonde, the lorde Moubray at Notyngham, and Sithardus, a knyȝhte of Gascoigne, at Huntyngdon. The men of Fraunce brake the peas abowte the feste of seynte Iohn Baptist, for thei wolde not have peas withowte the acorde scholde have bene to theire pleasure and to þe grete hurte of Ynglonde. In whiche tyme the Scottes brente the towne of Rokysburgh, by the movynge of the erle of Dunbar. Where|fore Syr Henricus Percy erle of Northumbrelonde entrede into Scotlonde with x.Ml men, and brente mony townes lungynge to þe erle of Dunbar, robbynge þer by iij. dayes. After þat men of Fraunce entrede into the yle of Wyȝhte, and did grete hurte; whiche takynge a M. marke for rawnson returnede to þe see, kepynge the costes of Ynglonde, and brennynge mony noble places, sleenge men whom thei cowthe fynde in the sowthe partes, and takynge mony bestes with theyme. For moore hurte was doen in Ynglonde in þat yere, as hit was seide, then in xlti yere afore. Also men of Fraunce made a sawte to þe towne of Wynchelesey, but thei cowthe not entre into the towne, neverthelesse they sende diverse men whiche brente thete of lay men also, for the defense of the realme. Thomas Wodestoke erle of Bukkyng|ham, the duke of Briteyne, the lorde Latimer, and the prior of the Hospitalle of Seynte Iohn, takynge with þeim a grete hoste, entrede into the see in the same yere, sone after the feste of Alle Seyntes. And in the nyȝhte of seynte Martyn a grete wynde brake as sodenly the takellynges of theire schippes, and compellede theym to take the londe. But the schippes re|pairede thei toke the see, returnynge ageyne abowte Criste|masse,the diede in this yere in the xxvij. day of Marche; after the dethe of whom the cardinalles entrede into a place for eleccion, a grete multitude of peple of the cite of Rome entrede into the palice, cryenge, "A Roman or an Ytalion." The cardinalls dredynge that peple, electe an olde man to be pope, a Roman by nativite; but that olde man refusynge that eleccion, thei electe Bartholomew archebischop Barrensis into pope in the viij. day of Aprile. Which called Urban the vjte was crownede solennely on Ester day, þe xviij. day of Aprile, and consecrate also, and did ryde in his pontificalls unto the churche Lateranense, the cardinalls folowynge hym. Where the masse songe solennely by the pope, he returnede to his palice,
the, and sende letters anoon to the kynge of Fraunce for helpe and socoure; whom the kynge of Fraunce fortefiede with alle his myȝhte; and so a grete division was spronge in the hedde of alle churches. Pope Urban create xxti cardinalls and moo, and excommunicate the oþer cardinalles, takynge theire benefices, and inabilitynge þeim to eny benefice afterwarde. The erles of Arundell and of Salisbery takynge with theym a grete multi|tude of men entrede into the see þis yere, returnynge ageyne withowte eny victory of theire enemyes. And in the firste tyme of theire entrenge into the see, ij. breþer, Philippe Courteney and Petyr, fauȝhte ageyne discrecion with enemyes on the see. And soone after a grete schippe of Speyne come ageyne þeim with other diverse. Philippe Courteney wounded soore, and mony of his men sleyne, seenge that he was not able to resiste theyme, fledde, and Petur Courteney his brother, compassedethe day thei were sleyne by Henricus Percy erle of Northumbrelonde, and so Ynglische men occupiede þat castelle ageyne. Abowte this tyme a grete dissension was movede betwene the kynge of Fraunce and gentilmen off Briteyne Armoryke, in that the seide kynge wolde have hade all the castells and towres of that cuntre delyverede to hym. But the gentylmen not consentynge þerto, somme were sleyne, and somme of theym were hongede. And mony of theym fleenge were salvede, whiche wolde not drawe afterwarde to þe kynge of Fraunce; and this was þe firste cause that men of Briteyne turnede as sodenly to Syr Iohn Mounteforte theire naturalle lorde. Kynge Ricardus began to holde a parliamente at Glou|cestre in þis yere, in the xij. kalendes of November; for diverse lordes dredynge men of London for þat grete offense doen in Westemonastery, movede the kynge that he scholde not kepe his parliament at London, that thei myȝhte have theire purpose ageyne the libertes of churches. In whiche parlia|ment
s. and iiii.d. And so noo man of worschip escapede, but he payede to that subsidy. And in the same yere, abowte the fest of seynte Iohn Baptiste, the cursed pope Clement fleynge from Ytaly come to Avinion, kepynge his cowrte þer with the cardinalls excommunicate. Syr Iohn Harlaston, knyȝhte, and keper of the towne of Cheir|burghe, with Syr Gefray Burle, knyȝhte, hade a grete victory ageyne men of Fraunce, vijxx of theym sleyn, and takynge prisoners of the seide men of Fraunce unto the same nowmbre. In the same yere Hewe of Calverly, knyȝhte, and Syr Thomas Percy, broþer of the erle of Northumbrelonde, made admiralles of the see occean, after the takynge of mony schippes of theire adversaryes, come ageyne to Ynglonde with gladde tythynges, that the Briteynes Armoryke were turnede to Syr Iohn Mownte|forte, theire naturalle lorde. In whiche tyme the archebis|choppe Cassellens come from the cowrte of Rome, and denowncede the kynge of Fraunce excommunicate, and so mony men or women as supported that fals pope Clement. And specially in that the kynge of Fraunce made a proclama|cion thro alle his realme that whatsoever were obediente to pope Urban scholde lose his lyfe and goodes. Fals men of Flandres toke by treason a barge of the towne of Fawey, and did sle alle men in hit, oon grome excepte, whiche fledde into theire schippe and hidde hym under hacches, while that oþer men did fiȝhte. These men of Flaundres commynge to londe to utter theire merchandyse, mony merchauntez of Ynglonde wente to theire schippes to by somme of theire ware. That
as is written above in a later hand.ti, was directe to the toure of London to be kepede þer, and oþer monkes that ȝafe assente to hym, ij. or thre except that fledde, and soone after thei were directe to diverse monas|terys to be kepede streytely. And so by this eleccion grete hurte and losse of goodes were causede, and specially to þat
the parte of laymen. The sonne and the heire of themperoure of Constantinopole and patriarke of the same cite knowlegede openly in this yere at Rome in Cristemasse pope Urban the vjte dewe prelate of þe churche universalle electe by the lawe and consecrate, besechynge the pope to do certeyn solennites for theyme, and so he did. Abowte whiche tyme in the parlia|ment at London oon dyme was grawntede to the kynge of the clergy, and a xvthe of laymen, on this condicion, þat þer scholde be noo parliamente from þe kalendes of Marche unto þe feste of seynte Michel folowynge after by oon yere; but this con|dicion was not observede. Also the erle of Seynte Paulethe day of Ester, Iohan Cowrtenay, suster to the kynge, into the profite of mynstrells, and unto grete hate of noble men; to whom the kynge ȝafe the towne of Biflet with the maner. And in this yere in the vijthe day of the monethe of Iunius a conflicte of ij. men was hade and made betwene Syr Iohn Hanesley, knyȝhte, and Robert Karinton, esqwyer, in the paviment with owte the kynges halle at Westemonastery, in the presence of the kynge, of the duke of Lancaster, and mony oþer noble men in the realme. This was the mater of the conflicte: the seide knyȝhte accusede Robert Karinton that he delyvered, lyke a fals traytoure, the castell of Seynte Savioure in the yle Constantyn, when he was undercapiten, to the kynge of Fraunce for a grete summe of goode, where þat he hade peple ynowe to have kepede hit ageyne the kynge of Fraunce. Whiche accusacion semede to be tru, for the seide Robert was convicte and sleyne in that conflicte. The erle of Marche saylede abowte this tyme into Yrlonde to recure the cownte of Holnester, whom men of Yrlonde occupiede for the moste parte, where he hade grete victorys and mony, and recurede moche of his londes, and sub|duede mony of theyme to hym. Thomas Wodestoke erle off
c.li. payede dayly to theym, and dividede by egalle porcions to xxvti gates from the monethe of May unto the monethe of Auguste. The duke of Lancastre and other lordes wente to the Scottes to make a trety for pease abowte the monethe of October; in whiche trety hit was seide that noo thynge was doen to the profite of the realme, but that truse was taken unto Ester folowynge. Also in the begynnynge of the monethe of November the kynge kepede his parliamente at Northampton, where Iohn Kyrkeby was hongede for the dethe of the noble merchaunde of Lon|don. A grete subsidy was grawntede to the kynge in this parliamente, that he scholde receyve of every preste havynge benefice with other prestes and of oþer religious men vj. s. and viij. d. And of lay peple, of a man and his wife that were suffi|ciente
s., and alle peple after theire power, whiche exaccion causede moche wykkydnesse in that londe. The olde ypocrite, Iohn Wyclif, sustenede and toke the opinions of Berengarius of the sacrament in the awter, and deceyved moche peple. Ad.the day after, whiche was on Saturday, the kynge did ryde after meyte to Westemonastery to visitte seynte Edward kynge, and to see if that they hade doen eny hurte þer. Whiche re|turnynge from thens by Smythfelde founde alle that place fulle of theym. And Water Tyler, oon of theire governours, come to þe kynge with a frowarde contenaunce, with his cappe on his hedde, chargynge and commaundynge the kynge to correcte and amende the letters that he toke to theym. And þat tyme oon man was not abowte the kynge that durste rebuke in that
the kalendes of October, pope Urban erect into a cardinall Adam Eston, monke of Norwiche and maister of divinite. In the same yere, in the begynnynge of the monethe of November, the kynge began to holde a parliamente at London, whiche parliament was allemoste occupyede holly to reforme pease and concorde betwene the duke of Lancastre and Syr Henricus Percy erle of Northumbre|londe; whiche cowthe unnethe be made by the kynge and the lordes of þe realme in alle that parliamente; whiche discorde was movede betwene þeim in that tretys amonge Scottes for peas for the seide insurreccion. Wherefore that parliamentete kalendes of Ianu|arius, after noble victoryes, by a colde in rydenge over a water, and was beryede þer for a tyme in a cathedralle churche in the feste of seynte Iohn Evangeliste, unto that tyme his body was redacte unto powdre, and after that the bones were brouȝte to Ynglonde, and beryede in the monastery of Wygge|more with his progenitors. Also his moder, the cowntesse, dyede in the nones of Ianuarius folowynge, whiche was beryede with her progenitors in priory of Chanons at Brusles|ham. And in the same yere pope Urban made maister William Courteney archebischop of Cawnterbery, John Ford|ham bischop of Dirham, and Robert Braybok bischop of London. Karolus de Pace, cosyn to the kynge of Hungary, was crownede into kynge of Sicille by pope Urban abowte the feste of Ester, whiche entrenge into that region with a grete hoste subduede hit to hym withowte effusion of bloode, and toke the qwene also. Men callede Gandavens expellede the erle of Flandres from that cuntre, and toke the towne of Burges, and did sle xx. M. of the Flemmynges, and put sege to the towne of Owdenarde, whiche thei contynuede from the feste of the Inven|cion of the Holy Crosse unto Cristemasse. In whiche tyme the kynge of Fraunce commynge downe to that cuntre with a grete hoste, did sle men of the city Gandavens and of the companye unto the nowmbre of xxv. M. In whiche yere, abowte þe feste
te kalendes of the same moone. In whiche tyme a parliament was kepede at London, in whom oon xvthe was grawntede to the kynge of laymen; and after that the clergy grawnted oon dyme to the kynge in this condicion, that he wolde ȝiffe helpe to the churche ageyne heretykes folowynge the doctryne of Wyclif and his folowers. For the seide conclusions, whom thei prechede openly amonge the peple, examinate were founde erroneus, fulle of heresy, and repugnant to the state of the churche. Wherefore the archebischoppe of Cawnterbery con|dempnede alle the oppinions as erroneus, and cursede solennely alle men prechynge, techynge, or ȝiffynge favor to þe seide conclusions openly or prively, of whatsoever state or degre he were. Also the seide metropolitan commaunded alle bischoppes of the province off Cawnterbery that thei and every bischop of theim scholde expresse þe seide monicions and inhibicions in theire diocyse, and to make inquisicions for these men prechynge that heresy. For as hit was seide, they were ac|companyede unto the nowmbre of cc., somme prechynge abowte Oxenforde and in diverse cuntres ageyne prelates of þe churche, and specially ageyne religious men possessionate, seyenge that hit were a meritorious dede to take temporalle goodes awey from theyme, exhortenge peple to do so in theire sermons. And withowte dowte if thei myȝhte have contynuede in theire purpose thei hade destroyede alle the churches of Ynglonde, and consequentely the realme also. The conclusions of heresy of þe seide doctor Wiclif folowe, repugnant to the determi|nacions of the churche. The firste conclusion, that the sub|staunce of materialle brede and wyne remayne in the sacrament after the consecracion. Also anoþer conclusion, that Criste is not in that sacramente ydemptifically, veryly and really in his propre presence corporealle. Also if a bischop or preste be in dedely synne he may not ȝiffe ordres, or baptize, or con|secrate that blissede sacrament, and if he do eny of the misterys hit avaylethe not. Also he seide and if a man or woman were duely contrite in herte alle confession externallete, but peple scholde lyve by theire awne lawes in the maner of Grekes. Also an oþer conclusion was that hit scholde be ageyne scripture that men of the churche scholde have posses|sions temporalle. Also he seide that accidentes remaynede not withowte a subjecte after the consecracion in the same sacra|ment. The conclusions erroneous and repugnant to the deter|minacions of the churche folowe here. The firste, that noo prelate awe not to curse eny man withowte he knowe hym excommunicate of God afore. Also he seide that a prelate cursynge in that wise was an heretyke or excommunicate. Also he seide that a prelate cursynge a clerke þat hathe ap|pellede to the kynge and to the cownsaile of the realme, is the traytor of God, of þe kynge and of the realme. Also he seide men were heretykes that wolde leve to preche and teche the gospelle of God for eny sentence of man. Also he seide hit was lawefull to a diacon or preste to preche the gospelle of God withowte auctorite of the pope or of eny other bischoppe, so that he hade abilite of sufficient intellect. Also he seide þer was noo lorde bischop or prelate while that he were in dedely synne. Also he seide that temporall lordes myȝhte take lawefully temporall goodes from men of the churche tres|passynge habitually, and dispose theym at theire pleasure. Also he seide that tythes were pure, and that men myȝhte reteyne theyme for the synnes of theire curates, and dispose þeim at þeire pleasure. Also he seide that spirituall suffrages doen by prelates or religious men for a man, profite that man noo more then other men. Also he seide that a man entrenge a private religion is made more apte to the commaundementes of God to be observede. Also he seide that seyntes whiche ordeynede privates religions with possessions or withowte synne in that institucion. Also he seide that men lyvynge in private religions be not of the feithe of Criste. Also he seide that freres were bownde to gette theire lyvynge by the
The bischop of Norwiche did londe in this yere at Calys with his hoste in the feste of the apostoles Petyr and Paule, havynge with hym Syr Hewe Calverly and but fewe moo men, proved and experte in batell, but the nowmbre of men of armes and specially of foote men encreasede dayly. For mony reli|gious men, chanons, monkes and freres, and oþer benefycede men, wente to hym after hys departynge. Whiche bischoppe wente anoon to the towne off Gravenynge, and layde sege to hit; but þe men inhabitynge hit seide utterly thei wolde not delyver hit, for thei did not holde with pope Urban, and resiste myȝhtely the bischoppe and his hoste. But the bischoppe pre|vaylede, and entrede into the towne, and did sle alle men in hit; and after þat he wente to Dunkyrke, and recurede that towne also in schorte space. And as sodenly XXX. M. of the communes of Flaundres come into the pleynes nye to the seide towne erly, with certeyne capiteyns and governoures, whiche hade inten|dede to have taken the bischop sodenly, and to have sleyne hym and his hoste. But as God wolde, the bischop hade knowlege by a lytelle space that þei cowthe unnethe make theym redy in theire armore afore theire commynge. Whiche conflicte begunne a M. men of Ynglonde were not þer in nowmbre, but the moste parte of þeim were archers, but the nowmbre encreasede; whiche men spende theire arowes so that thei causede that other hoste to flee, folowynge theym allemoste unto nyȝhte. And after þe
halfe di] MS.the of lay peple, to be payede in the begynnynge of the monethe of Marche, and as moche after Ester on a condicion. Pope Urban perceyvynge that Edmund Bromfelde, monke of Bury, of whom mencion is made of afore, cowthe not obteyne the favor of the kynge to be abbot of þe seide monastery, ȝafe hym an other monastery of the Holy Crosse at Burdews, sendynge powere to the bischop of London to blesse that monke electe at Bery into abbot by the convente. But the seide Edmund wolde not receyve that benefice grawntede to hym by the pope, ne noon oþer, and so he was keped at Wyndeshore. In whiche yere abowte the Annunciacion off oure Lady, John duke of Lancastre, Thomas Wodestoke, brother to hym and erle of Bukkyngham, wente to Scotlonde with a myȝhty hoste. But the Scottes hydde theyme in woodes, other ells saylede over the Scotte see, knowynge that theire hoste scholde peresche, what thro hungre and thro colde; and soe the seide lordes returnede ageyne to Ynglonde, mony of their hoste loste and destroyede, withowte eny frute or victory. That viage doen, a parliamente was holden at Salisbery, in whiche parliamente that other halfe dyme grawntede in the parliamente afore on a con|dicion was grawntede to be payede sone after the feste of seynte Michell absolutely withowte eny condicion. In whiche parlia|ment a frere of the ordre of Carmelites, John Latimer by name, bachiler in divinite, come to þe kynge and spake with hym secretely, sayenge that the duke of Lancastre and oþer communes of the cite of London and of oþer diverse townes in Ynglonde hade conspirede his dethe, and that he scholde prove. Wherefore the kynge callede the duke to hym, and expressede this communicacion to hym, the frere stondynge secretely behynde a curtyn. The duke denyede utterly that accusacion, submyttynge hym to suffre accordynge to that offense as ageyne his sovereigne lorde, if that accusacion cowthe be provede tru. The frere herynge that, come furthe boldely afore the kynge, affermynge þose thynges rehersede of the duke to be tru, sayenge that he scholde prove those thynges to be tru in what|soever maner hit scholde please the kynges goode grace to assigne hym, adjectynge þerto and sayenge the lord Sowchethe in the seide condicion. In whiche tyme a conflicte of ij. men was made þer betwene Iohn Walische esqwiere and a man of Navarria, but the seide man of Navarria faylenge in the pro|bacion of his accusacion was drawen and hongede. Abowte whiche tyme the castelle of Berwyk was taken by treason of a Scotte, whiche dwellede with the capiteyn, a sqwyere of Yng|londe; whom the Scottes kepede myȝhtely ageyne men of Ynglonde. The erle of Northumbrelonde seenge that hyt cowthe not be delyverede withowte grete charge and costes, dredynge also the indignacion of the kynge, promysede to þeim a M.li. in this condicion, that thei wolde departe and delyver þe castelle withowte eny hurte. The Scottes receyvynge that summe departede from the castelle. Neverthelesse this mater objecte ageyne theym in a trety that thei brake pease and promyse of truse taken betwene þe realmes of Ynglonde and of Scotlonde, thei seide that men off Ynglonde brake promyse afore by takynge diverse of theire schippes on the see; where|fore thei seide thei wolde sette that oon ageyne that other. The duke of Andegavy, principalle enemy of the churche of Rome and of the realme of Ynglonde, dyede excommunicate and inpenitent, as hit is seide, þe xxti day of þe monethe of September in this yere, of the pestilence. In whiche yere kynge Richarde intended and ordeynede to holde a parliamente at Waltham, unto whom lordes were callede, unto whiche cownsaile and parliament the duke of Lancastre was desyrede to comme as chiefe cownseilloure to the kynge. But diverse men beynge nye to the kynge, and luffynge the seide duke, sende wrytynge to hym secretely that he scholde absente hym from þat parliamente, for an if he come thyder he was but a dedde man. The duke of Lancastre herynge that, sende wry|tynge
te degraded vj. cardinalles: the cardinalle of Venyse; the cardinalle of Ynglonde, Syr Adam Aston, somme tyme monke of Norwiche; and the cardinalle of Janua; wor|schipfulle religious men and professors in divinite. Also the cardinall Zang, the cardinalle Corsiensis, and the cardinalle Tarentyn, men of noble bloode; and the vij. cardinalle was of Reatinensis, whom the pope seide to be mover and causer of alle that grete trowble. But withowte dowte that cardinalle was seide to have be a man of grete prudence and a doctor of lawes, also chieffe cownseloure of Charls of Peas, kynge of
ti tunnes of wyne, and so the purpose of the kynge of Fraunce was chaungede. Whiche kynge come with his hoste unto the seide towne, and segede hit, makynge mony sawtes ageyne the men in hit. The peple in hit seenge thei cowthe not prevayle, committe the kepynge off the towne to olde men and women whiche were in hit; and the men of the cite Gauda|nensis brekynge the tunnes, departede prively unto theire cite, that oþer hoste havynge noo knowlege of þat departynge. Theti schippes of men off Fraunce, and toke xviij. of theire schippes and oon grete barge in whom lxx. men of armes were sleyne and taken. And in the thrydde day folowynge the seide conflicte, men of Caleys fauȝhte ageyne xlv. schippes returnynge from Scluse, and causede alle theyme to fle, ij. schippes excepte and oon carykke, whom they toke with grete goodes, in whom ij. cardinalles off Fraunce were with cc. and xxvj. schippe men and sawdyours. In whiche yere also Bar|nabo the lorde Mediolanense was taken and committe to
te was segede by Charls Pease, kynge of Sicille, whom the Ianuense did delyver, and brouȝhte hym to Ianua with grete honore. But thei wolde not suffre hym to departe from that cite untill that he hade payede to theym an inestimable summe of golde, whiche delyverede hym raþer for hit then for the luffe of God. The kynge of Speyne havynge with a pagan kynge of Garnade with a infinite multitude en|tredethe and a halfe of seculer and lay men. In whiche tyme þer was a gentylle man at Cudlynton, Thomas Compereworthe by name, infecte with the erroure and heresy of doctor Wyclif, not usynge to pay tythes to the churche neiþer to be confessede. This gentille man was accusede to the bischop of Lincolne of the seide heresyes and errours, whom the bischop pursuede, but he cowthe not fynde hym in eny wise. Wherefore the seide bischop purchased of the kynge by his letters patent that what so ever man myȝhte take hym scholde make hym sure in the nexte castelle. The abbot of Oseney herynge that, made grete labor to take hym, in that he wolde not pay his tythes to the seide abbotte by mony yeres afore; whom the seide abbot toke at the laste in his awne place at Cudlynton, and causede hym to be brouȝhte to the castelle of Bannebery, where he taryede longe excommunicate, a competent processe made ageyne hym. Neverthelesse, a deliberacion hade betwene the archebischop of Cawnterbery and a bischop of Lincolne, the mater and charge and examinacion was committe to the chaunceller of Oxenforde and to oþer doctors. Afore whom the seide esqwyer apperede in the day prefixede at Oxenforde, whiche answerede to the inquisicions made to hym after the oppinions of maister Wyclif; and so he was convicte þer as an heretike of his awne confession. Whiche esqwyer brouȝhte afore the iugges did see mony of his secte and of his movers to that heresy, but they were dombe and durste not speke, and departede. The esqwyer perceyvynge that, thouȝhte veryly that thei hade inducede into a wronge way, whiche was a specialle cause of his conversion to the unyte of the churche, and to take pen|aunce for his offense. Wherefore he abiurede the thynges usede by hym afore as erroneous and full of heresy, promis|syngeti
li to be payede to the abbot of Oseney for his expenses, whiche summe was pardonede by the abbot for x.li. But the seide gentilman brouȝte his tythes to the place of the seide abbot with in ij. dayes after that he come to his place. Also hit was injoynede to hym in parte of penaunce that he scholde go afore the generalle procession in the ende of the terme with a cerge or taper of wexe in his honde. But that penaunce was not fulle|fyllede, for he dyede longe afore þat tyme, what þro infirmite causede by sorowe and what for schame. In the somer folow|ynge the kynge of Armeny come into Ynglonde to trete for pease betwene the realmes of Ynglonde and of Fraunce, but truly þer was noo thynge doen þer to eny effecte, but that the seide kynge receyvede a M. marke of þe kynge of Ynglonde, and hade the letters patent of the same kynge that he scholde have a M. marke yerely by the tyme of his lyfe. For, as men seide, the kynge of Armeny was expulsede from his realme by the Tartarous, and so by that occasion he gate grete goodes of mony Cristen kynges, and lyvyde moore meryly then and if he hade bene in his awne realme. Charls de Pease, kynge of Sicille, doynge grete persecucion ageyne the pope, dyede in this yere excommunicate, whiche sentence of vengeaunce the pope usede moche that tyme, but withowte he wolde have venged hym by temporalle, if he hade accompanyde and geten a nombre of men sufficient. Somme men say that kynge of Sicille was sleyne by treason by a knyȝhte as he sate at meyte, in the day and howre in whom he hade intendede to have sleyne the pope. In whiche tyme Iohn duke of Lan|castre obtenynge licence of the pope, toke with hym an hoste of men of Ynglonde to ȝiffe batell ageyne the kynge, for that realme was dewe to hym by reason of his wife, eldeste doȝhter of Petyr, some tyme kynge of Speyne. Wherefore the pope grawntede to alle mene goynge in that viage with hym plener remission of theire synnes, in that the kynge of Speyne was a pagan, havynge the seide privilegys grawntede to hym by the pope lyke as the bischop of Norwiche hade afore. But men hade lytelle devocion in that tyme to ȝiffe eny goodes to go in that viage, in that pardon was so habundant.ti knyȝhtes dyede þer of the flixe. And soone after that the duke returnede into Aquittanny with the residu of his peple, taryenge in the province Baiocense, abydenge for a condicion off pease to be made betwene hym and the kynge of Speyne: the prolocutor as for þat mater was syr Thomas Percy. In whiche yere maister Iohn Harewell dyede, and maister Walterus Sharlowe, bischop of Lichefelde, reioycede that seete of Bathe, and maistyr Ricardus Scrope, doctor of lawes, was consecrate solennely into the bischop of Coventre and Lichefeld. Also in the sameyere should no doubt be supplied.ti myle from that haven after estimacion, a contrarious wynde did aryse and compellede theyme to returne, causynge mony of the schippes to be broken in entrenge into that haven of Scluse. Thro whiche occasion Ynglonde was delyvered from trowble, and the kynge of Fraunce made soory, blasphe|mynge God and the holy seyntes in hevyn, in that they wolde not suffre hym to performe his wickede purpose. Unto this tyme the parliamente expressede afore was contynuede for these grete causes assignede, in whom oon halfe dyme was grawntede to the kynge by the clergy, and the halfe parte of oon xvthe by the lay peple. In whiche parliamente syr Thomas Arundell and bischop of Ely was made chaunceller of Ynglonde, a man preferrynge gold afore ryȝhteousenesse. And syr Thomas Fordham, bischop of Dirham, was deposede from þe office of the treasurye; and Iohn Gilberte, frere of the ordre [of] Prechours, and bischoppe of Herforde, was subrogate into that office, a man that hade moore thryfte in tonge then in feythe. That doen, þe kynge causede Michael Attepole to dwelle in his cowrte with the duke of Yrlonde and Alex|ander Nevylle, archebischop off Yorke, ageyne the wylle of mony noble men of þe realme. After whiche tyme the seide lordes drawynge to the kynge, movede hym ageyne the noble lordes of the realme, seyenge that he was not kynge but oonly by name, and oþer lordes governede the realme. The kynge toke credence to theire sayenge, and began to have the lordes suspecte, and so from that tyme he eschewede theire company, and wente and toke his disportes with the archebischop ofti schippes, mony men of armes taken and sleyne. From whiche conflicte diverse schippes fledde, whom the seide erle pursuede ij. dayes, and toke theyme and brouȝhte theyme to the schippes of Ynglonde. And so they toke schippes moore and lesse unto þe nowmbre of vxx, which, were chargede with wynes and specially with whyte wynes, which, causede grete solace in mony costes to whom the erle of Arundell sende those wynes, The hoste of men of Ynglonde comme to gedre, and fresche men wagede for men that were sleyne and woundede, crossede theire sayles unto the castell of Breste, whiche is the keye of Briteyne, ageyne whom men of Fraunce hade erecte oon de|fense or municion, and were besy to erecte an other moore myȝhty and stronge þen those municions were whom the duke of Lancastre destroyede in the laste yere afore goynge towarde Speyne. Whiche municions the seide erle toke and de|stroyed, and departede to Ynglonde with blissynges of mony peple. But the peple beynge with the kynge, as the duke of Yrlonde, Michael Atte Pole and Walterus Burley, depraved theire actes, seyenge that thei hade not doen eny thynge on the see worthy commendacion, but that they hade escapede certeyne merchauntez, sayenge that hit hade bene better to the realme of Ynglonde to have hade theire luffe then theire malyce. After that a certyne season paste, the seide cown|selle procurede that Henricus Percy, sonne of the erle of Northumbrelonde, scholde be sende to the see to defende and repelle the irrupcions of enemyes, whiche were redy in the see for hurte doen to theym by men of Ynglonde but late afore. To whom thei assignede not a sufficiente nowmbre, neither dewe favore, but thei hade grete envy that the seide Hen|ricuste knowynge the realme of Speyne to be of grete rychesse, thouȝhte veryly that he scholde reioyce mony commodites if the duke of Lancastre myȝhte reioyce that realme, grawntede to hym a newe pardon by the
te that he was delyverede from the neste of the develle, and that he myȝhte avoide the unhappy company of theym by the helpe of his ffrendes. Mony knyȝhtes of the same secte redynge that wrytynge seide utterly that thei were tru, and toke the copy of
ti day of the monethe of Auguste, the kynge requirede of theym by the feithe and ligence made to hym that thei scholde answere to certeyne questions movede by the kynge after trawthe and after the lawe. The firste question wheþer that newe statute, ordina|cion, and commission made and hade in the laste parliament at Westmonastery, derogate the regaly and prerogatyve of the seide kynge, ffor he hade ȝiffen a commission to the duke of Glocestre and to the erle of Arundell in a parte con|trarious to his wille, as hit was seide þer, to inquire here and to iugge as for certeyne offenses. The iustices answerede seyenge, that thei derogate the regaly of the kynge in that hit was ageyne the kynges wylle. An other question how those men awe to be punyschede whiche procurede the statute, ordi|nacion and commission of the seide thynges. They seide that they were worthy dethe, withowte the kynge wolde grawnte to theyme grace. An other question how they were worthy to be punyschede that excitede þe kynge to consente to the seide thynges. Thei seide that thei were worthy dethe also. An oþer question how thei awe to be punyschede that compellede the kynge to that ordinacion or statute. They seide þai awe to be punyschede as traytors. An other question, how menti M. men in aray. In whiche tyme men of London were in grete dredde how they scholde dispose theym to please the kynge and the seide lordes. At the laste, the mayre wente to the duke of Glocestre, promysynge to him and to his hoste fre entre into the cite, and alle thynges necessary to theyme, with|owtete of the lay peple. Sir Thomas Trivette rydynge in glorious pryde in the tyme of this parliamente with the kynge unto his ynne at Barnewell, and spurrynge his horse gretely, hade a grete falle, in so moche that his horse braste the interialle partes of his body. Neverthelesse this knyȝhte lyvede unto þe day nexte folowynge, whiche tyme was ȝiffen to hym to pennance if that he wolde take hit; whos dethe causede
ti yere in age. Then the kynge seide, "By that y may con|clude that y am of fulle age to governe my selfe, my howse|holde, and my realme, for me thenke hit is not ryȝhtefull that y scholde be of moore vile condicion then eny person in my realme. For every heire of my realme havynge xxti yere in age after the dethe of his fader is permitte to governe hym selfe and his londes." The barons seide that the kynge scholde reioyce alle thynges dewe to hym, and pertenynge to the crowne. The kynge seide, "Beholde ye knowe y have be governede unto this tyme by lordes and tutors that y myȝhte
te considerynge this tyme the age of men to decrease, ordeynede this yere to be the yere of iubile, willynge
ti yere folowynge. The Lollardes and folowers of maister Iohn Wyclif were excite into soe grete presumpcion and boldenesse that theire prestes create oþer prestes after the consuetude of the gentyles, whiche seide that every preste hade so grete powere to solve and bynde as the pope. And mony create so by theyme seide masse, and execute other ministerys of the sacramentes; but at the laste oon of the prestes create by theyme was confessede to the bischoppe of Salysbery at his maner of Sunnynge, expressynge to hym the seide erroure. In whiche tyme the seide heretykes prechede that pilgremages scholde not be usede, and specially to Walsyngham and to the crosse at the northdore of Seynte Paule at London, seyenge þat þer was noo thynge of Godhede þer, but that thei were roten stokkes. Bischoppes of þe realme herde this com|municacion, but somme of theyme stoppede theire eieres, lev|ynge theire schepe with owte eny keper, that thei myȝhte be devourede off wulfes, the bytenges of whom were violente and dedely. But truly there was not oon dogge that wolde breke ageyne those vulfes but the bischop of Norwiche, whiche suffrede not his flok to be infecte with that wikkede peple. For he made a protestacion that and if eny of theyme prechede with ynne his diocyse thei scholde be hongede or brente. And so there was not oon of the seide heretykes that durste pre|sume to comme to his diocyse and suffre martyrdome, and so the feithe off Criste was not contaminate in alle that province. In whiche tyme to the confirmacion of tru peple mony myracles were schewede at a crosse erecte in the hye way nye to the priory of Wynnemudham. Also there was in that same tymete dyede in the same yere in the monethe of September; whom the cardinalle Neapolitan succedid by eleccion of the cardinalls, and was callede Boneface the ixthe. Lorde Iohn duke of Lan|castre come to Ynglonde in this yere abowte the begynnynge of the monethe off Novomber, after that he hade taryede by iij. yere in Speyne, Aquitanny and Gascoigne. Whiche suf|frede mony infortunys in Speyne in the begynnynge, but after that he come to grete felicite: ffor in the begynnynge vitayleswithout.ti day of the monethe of November, unto whom Damianus de Cathenesia, messanger of þe pope, for a revocacion of the statute made ageyne provisions of churches to be laborede; but the seide messanger reioycede not his purpose, neverthelesse the kynge made graunte that the pope scholde ȝiffe alle benefices vacant in the courte of Rome. A bushell of whete was solde in thys yere at London for xx. d. and ij s. commynly, where hit was wonte to be solde for v. d. or vi. d. And Thomas Arundell, archebischop of Yorke, was made chawnceller of Ynglonde, and Iohn Waltham, bischop of Salisbery, treasurer of Ynglonde, in the begynnynge of October, and the erle of Stafforde maryede in that yere the doȝhter off þe duke of Glocestre. A parliament was holden at Westmonastery in the thrydde day of the monethe of November, and durede unto December; in whom hit was ordeynede that alle possessions, londes, and tenementes of religious men scholde be escheate withowte thei were deducte unto a dedde honde afore the feste of seynte Michell nexte folowynge. Kynge Richarde kepede that tyme his Cristemasse at Langley, to whom men of Aquitanny come, seyenge that thei were wonte to be governede by the kynge of Ynglond, or by the prince his sonne, and by noon oþer, seyenge also that they wolde not take the duke of Lancastre as theire chiefe lorde, but as a governoure under the kynge. Iohn duke of Lancastre come to Ynglonde from Aquitanny in the vijthe day of the monethe of Maii, whiche was receyvede of the kynge with grete honore. A grete cownsayle was keped at Stanforde in the xxvthe day of þe monethe of Maii, where mony thyngestili. by yere scholde be knyȝhtes. Truse was taken betwene the kynges of Yng|londe and off Fraunce in this cownsaile for certeyne yeres, and alle the kynges courtes were translate from London to Yorke. That doen the kynge sende a wrytte to þe mayre of London, that he scholde appere at Notyngham with the shireffes with xxiiijti aldermen, and mony oþer noble men of the cite to answere afore the kynges cownsayle to thynges obiecte ageyne theyme. Iohn Hende, mayre of London, was deposede in the xjthe day of the monethe of Iulius folowynge, and sende to the castell of Wyndeshore, and the shireffes were deposed also, and oon was sende to the castell of Walyngforde, and that oþer to the castelle of Okam, Edwarde Dalkigbrugge havynge gover|nayle
ti day of the monethe of November, whom the kynge causede to be beryede at Langeley with grete solennite. Also in the same yere, the xxti day of the monethe of Ianivere, a parliamente was holden at Wynchestre, in whom syr Ambrey Veer was made erle of Oxenforde, and syr William Scroope was made chambreleyn of the kynge, and syr Thomas Persy stuarde of the kynge. And in the vij. day of Februarius folowynge, thefes brake the chapell of Oure Lady of Pewe at Westemonastery, and toke awey grete goodes with theyme. And in the vijthe nyȝhte folowynge thei brake the churche of Seynte Iohn at Clerkenwell, and did grete hurte þer, and somme of those thefes were taken and honged at Oxenforde. Solenne diriges were hade in this yere at Seynte Paules churche in London for the sawle of Anne empresse, moder of Anne qwene of Ynglonde. Anne qwene of Ynglonde dyede in this yere at Schene, þe vijthe day of þe monethe of Iunius, on the day of Pentecoste; the dethe of whom the kynge sorowede insomoche that he causede the maner there to be pullede downe, and wolde not comme in eny place by oon yere folowynge where sche hade be, the churche excepte; whiche was beryede in the churche of Westemonastery, in the feste of seynte Anne nexte folowynge, with grete honoure and solennite. That qwenethe of lay men, where that peticion was grawnte. Bartholomewe de Namera, messanger of þe pope, come to this parliamente for þe revocacion of the statute made afore ageyne provisors of churches, but he profite not of his message. Also maister Iohn Bloxham, governoure of Mertyn colege at Oxenforde, and doctor of divinite, was accusede of ij. felawes of the seide college in the same parliamente openly of a cryme not to be expressede, whiche men were movede to accuse hym by mony lordes of that parliament. But thei prevaylede not ageyne hym, in that thei cowthe not make sufficiaunte probacion. The kynge understondynge after of
the day of the monethe of Auguste, Ricardus kynge of Ynglonde, purposynge to mary the doȝhter of the kynge off Fraunce, saylede unto Calys with a noble hoste, dukes, erles, barons, and mony oþer noblemen, taryenge þer unto the feste of Symon and Iude. Wherefore abowte the seide feste the kynges of Ynglonde and off Fraunce mette, with þe noble men of eiþer realme, on a pleyne nye to the castelle of Gynes, spekynge of the seide matrimony betwene kynge Ricardus and Isabelle doȝhter of the kynge of Fraunce, havynge viij. yere in age. And so at the laste the seide Isabell was delyverede to the kynge of Ynglonde; that doen, kynge Ricardus, takynge leve off the kynge of Fraunce, returnede to Calys with his companye, whom he maryede þer with grete solennite, in þe presence of the seide lordes, in the xthe day of the monethe of November. That doen thei come to Ynglonde with grete ioye and gladdenesse; but diverse of his schippes were drownede, havynge in theym moche clothe of Arras and mony other thynges for the apparayle of the kynges halle. This qwene come to London the xxiij. day of monethe of November, thro Sowthewerke unto Kenyngton, to whom mony peple wente to see, and in returnynge mony men and women were oppressed to dethe, amonge whom a prior of Estesex was oppressede to dethe, and a noble woman of Corun|hell. This qwene was brouȝhte ageyne the thrydde day off the monethe of Ianiver by London brygge, by the Bruggestrete, thro the Towre strete and unto the towre, and in the morowe
the yere of youre reigne, oon soore commission, by the meanes of Thomas Arundell, chauncellor of Ynglonde, to governe you and þe realme of Ynglonde to þe preiudice of youre regaly." And that commission grawnted was revocate and anni|chilhate in that parliamente, with alle thynges depend|ynge of hit; neverthelesse a speciall grace and pardon was grawnted by the kynge to Ricardus erle of Arundell at þe instance of þe metropolitan, broþer to hym. Where the seide syr Iohn Busche spake, sayenge that þe seide pardon is as infecte with treason, and that the seide bischop purchasynge hit awe to iuggede as a traytour. The bischop willynge to aryse and answere to þat mater, was prohibite by the kynge. Neverthelesse that archebischoppe off Cawnterbury apperedethe, if eny man disclamede the homage of the kynge. In whiche tyme Iohn lord Cobham was presented to answere to ij. articles obiecte ageyne hym. The firste article was that he ȝafe cownseile to make the foreseide commission ageyne the kynge and his astate, and also that he usede the seide commission in iuggementes in his awne person ageyne the pleasure off the kynge and of his regaly grete preiudice. The secunde article was that the seide lorde Cobham sate in iuggement to iugge Symon Burle and Iamys Berners, knyȝhtes, in the absence of the kynge and ageyne his wylle; wherefore he was convicte and sende to the yle of Gersey, to be kepede þer by the tyme of his lyfe. And in the Wednesday nexte folowynge, hit was ordeynede that an if eny man did agene the promisses and statutes made in the seide par|liamente he scholde be iuggede as a traytour. And in Thursday nexte folowynge alle lordes spirituall and temporalle þer at that tyme did swere on the crosse of Cawnterbury that thei scholde observe the statutes, constitucions, and ordinaunces made in that parliamente durynge the tyme of theire lyfe after theire powere. And the statutes made sommetyme ageyne syr Hewe Despenser were redde and revokede by þe wylle of the kynge and consentethe and the halfe of an oþer xvthe was grawntede to be payede to the kynge, at Michellmasse nexte folowynge oon parte, that oþer parte at Ester nexte folowynge, the thrydde parte at Michelmasse after, and ltis. for a sakke of wolle of men of Ynglonde as for custom, and iij.li. of aliaunteȝ. And the kynge grawntynge a generall pardon to alle peple þer, that thei scholde not be in dowte as for eny thynge doen afore that tyme unto his person, ȝafe theyme licence to departe, and so that terrible and grete parliamente was dissolvede. And Thomas Arundell, archebischop of Cawnterbery, was deposede by that parliamente, and sende to exile into Scotlonde, abowte the feste of the purificacion of oure Lady; whom Iohn Walden, treasurer of Ynglonde, did succede. This parliamente doen, the kynge visitte mony costes of Ynglonde, as Herforde, Worcestre, Hanley, Hayleys, Wynchecombe, Gloucestre, and Bristowe, where he made listes for a conflicte to be made betwene an esqwyer of Ynglonde appellynge and a knyȝhte borne in Scotlonde, but he was sworn to be tru to Ynglonde, defend|ynge that appellacion. And so the man refusynge his appel|lacion
ti, oxen or xxvijti ccc. schepe, and wildefooles as innumerable were spende dayly. And after the feste of Pentecoste, kynge Ricardus toke his iourneye to Yrlonde with a grete glory and multitude of peple, thenkynge noo man so myȝhty; but fortune ȝafe hym a grete falle soone after. For abowte the feste of seynte Iohn Baptiste he hade worde that Henricus duke of Herforde, þen duke of Lancastre by the dethe of his fader, whom he hade put into exile, was commen into Ynglonde. The kynge made grete haste with his hoste to mete hym, thenkynge to have hade victory lyȝhtely. The seide kynge commynge from Yrlonde londed in Wales at Hertlouȝhe, nye to þe castelle, abowte the feste of seynte Iames apostole, taryenge by a lytelle season in that castell, depart|enge from that place to Chestre, that he myȝhte take with hym men of that cuntre, in whom he hade moste confidence and truste. But the seide kynge hade worde for a trawthe that alle castelles from the costes of Bristowe unto the northe partes of Ynglonde were delyverede to the seide duke. And also that alle lordes spiritualle and temporall and the com|munes of Ynglonde did aryse with hym ageyne the kynge, and how syr William Scrope, erle of Wilteschire and treasurer of Ynglonde, syr Henricus Grey, and syr Iohn Busche,ti, and wente in the nyȝhte prively from his hoste unto the castell of Flynte. The marcialle of the hoste understondynge of þe departynge of the kynge, brake his rodde afore the hoste into a signe of
the, whiche scholde begynne in the day folowynge the feste of the translacion of seynte Edward Confessor. In whiche day kynge Henricus, the iiijthe after the conqueste, was crownede with grete solennite, syr Henricus Persy, erle of Northumbrelonde, presente, and mony other noblemen of the londe. And in the day nexte folowynge thei wente into the parliamente, where a certificacioun was hade of the dethe of Thomas somme tyme duke of Glocestre, how maliciously he was put to dethe by Thomas Moubray, duke of Northefolke, and capiteyne that tyme of Calys, by commaundemente of kynge Richarde. Whiche story we schalle expresse here in parte, whiche was taken at Plesch by kynge Ricardus and sende to Calys, as hit is schewede afore. But a mervellous processe folowethe nowe and a wickede, how he was putte to dethe; for hit is to be mervaylede that a kynges sonne, a noble knyȝhte, and so gentylle a duke scholde dye in so vile a dethe. This duke laborynge in grete infirmite was brouȝhte to Calys andti yere of þe reigne of kynge Richarde were restorede unto theire enheritaunces, excepte that thei scholde not make eny cleyme ageyne the occupyers of theire possessions in the meane tyme. And that parliamente of kynge Ricardus was made voyde and as of noo valoure, with alle thynges dependynge of hit. Also kynge Henricus þe iiijthe made a constitucion that eny man resortynge to hym from his commynge into Ynglonde unto þe tyme andti men of armes. And so thei saylynge in the myddes of þe water the maister of þe schippe inquirede whider he intended to sayle; the lorde seide into Fraunce; the maister of the schippe seide, "Truly þe moste sayle to Bristowe." The lorde seide, "Pre|sume not to do so, for thow schalle dye raþer with thys swerde." The men beynge under hacches did aryse and come to take the seide lorde. Neverthelesse the seide lorde fiȝht|ynge soore, and woundynge mony of theyme, was taken at the laste and brouȝte to Bristowe, and putte hym in the mayres prison. And in the secunde day folowynge the peple come to the mayre, cryenge and seyenge, "Brynge furthe that traytour to the kynge and to the realme, that he may be sleyne." And so at the laste they drawede hym from prison and heded hym at the crosse in the market place; the hedde of whom was sette on London brigge, beryede afterwarde at Tewkysbery at the instaunce off his moder. And soone after Iohn Holant, erle of Huntyndon, broþer to kynge Ricardus by reason of his moder, was taken at Plaschet in Estesex by the cowntesse of Herford, and was heded; and after that syr Walterus Brocas, knyȝhte, and oþer ij. clerkes, were drawen and hongede at London. Also the bischop of Karliell was convicte and condempnede for treason, and so by grete laboure he was suffrede to departe to his monastery, whiche cowthe not reioyce eny benefice in the tyme of kynge Henricus þe iiijthe. But O thow fortune, whiche scheweste pleasaunte aspecte to men in prosperite and chaunges thy whele in so schorte tyme, suffrenge men to falle from hye places to lawe! what
the day of October, taryenge þer by ix. dayes. Neverthelesse hit was not seen afore that tyme, a kynge of Ynglonde to have taryede thryes in þat monastery in oon yere afore that tyme. Where diverse noble men movede the kynge that he scholde commaunde lordes and oþer gentyll men that hade eny lyvelode þer to kepe þat cuntre for theire awne avayle; that doen the kynge departede unto London. Athe. And from that tyme Owyn Glendor en|creasedeti s. of every knyȝhtes see in Ynglonde. In whiche yere a prior at Lawnde deposede for his demerite, and after chapeleyne to the pope, havynge ix. freres of þe ordre of Minors with hym, prechede openly that kynge Ricardus was on lyve, to excite the peple ageyne kynge Henricus; wherefore thei were drawen and honged at West|monastery, and ij. oþer freres at Leicestre for þe same mater. Edmund Langley, duke of Yorke, dyede abowte the feste of the Assumpcion of oure Lady. And kynge Henricus wente into Wales ageyne with a grete powere abowte the feste of the Decollacion of seynte Iohn Baptiste, and taryede þer xxti dayes, losynge mony men of his hoste, and returnede into Yng|londe with owte eny victory. And in the same yere abowte the feste of the Exaltacion of the Holy Crosse, the Scottes, luffynge trowble and gwerre, were gedred in xij. or xiij. M. in nowmbre, and xxxti spere men of Fraunce, intendynge to spoyle the northe costes of Ynglonde, but as God wolde thei hade a grete falle. For men of Ynglonde havynge knowlege þerof, were gedred unto the nowmbre of xxti M. of speeres and archers, the capiteynes of whom were the erle of Dunbar, the erle of Northumbrelonde, syr Henricus Persy the elder, and syr Henricus Persy the yonger, the lorde Fiȝhehewy, syr Rawfe Ewre, and the baron of Greystok, noble men and ex|perte of marte or batell. The hostes mette, men of Ynglonde spende theire arowes well, after the cownsayle of the erle of Dunbarre, naylynge faste the salettes of the Scottes to theire hedes, insomoche that v. erles were taken þer with in the space of an howre, the erles of Duglas, of Vyf, of Murrey, of Anguys, and of Orkeneye. Also viij. barons and baronettes were taken. lorde Thomas Erskyn, þe lorde Mungumrey, Iohn lorde Sty|warde of Andrenethe, the lorde Patryk of Graym, syr Iames Duglas of Daweth, syr Robert Logan of Bestabrythe, Adam Forster, and syr William Styward, a man of Ynglonde and a traytoure, and xxxti knyȝhtes, with ix. c. men of armes and xxxti speeremen of Fraunce. In whiche conflicte syr Iohnthe of the commune peple, to be payede at thre tymes by egall porcions, at Ester, at Myddesomer, and at the feste of seynte Michael nexte folow|ynge. Also H. Bowette bischop of Bathe, was amovede from the office of the treasury in this parliamente, and the bischop of London was subrogate into that office. But þer was noo provision made in this parliamente for men of Wales, causynge moche peple to mervayle, in that thei supposede the subsidy to have bene askede þerfore. And in the same yere, abowte the feste of seynte Martyne bischop, the seide Grey of Ruthyn was delyverede from Owyn Glendor, v. M. marke payede afore, and ij. of his sonnes lefte in the kepynge of the seide Owyn for oþer v. M. marke to be payede to hym. In whiche yere syr Edmund Mortymere, of whom we have made mencion afore, maryede the doȝhter of Owyn Glendor abowte þe feste of seynte Andrewe thapostle, with grete solennite; and so that knyȝhte turnede holly to men of Wales, as hit was seide. In whiche yere on þe xvij. kalendes of Ianuarius, the schryne of Hayles was robbed, in whom the precious bloode of Criste was putte, havynge hurte doen þer unto þe valoure of a M. marke, after the estimacion of men; for hit was accompted at that tyme the rycheste schryne in Ynglonde, that schryne of seynte Thomas of Cawnterbery excepte. And soone after the shryne of seynte Edward at Westmonastery was spoylede of grete rychesse and iewells, and specially of oon table of golde.
HUGUSHuw, γ.Capett, Cx.bygoten, Cx.þes, γ.y-closed, γ.be, Cx., et passim.in, γ.yhurd, γ.grysbytyng, Cx.grysbattynge of þulke, γ.cristemen and namlych, γ; namely, Cx.munde, γ.ben, Cx.worl, γ.connyng, Cx.quer, γ., et infra; quere, Cx., et infra.Anian, γ.; Anians, Cx.þryes, γ.vul, γ.sodenly, Cx.riȝt] om. Cx.of] on, Cx.Juwery, γ.ȝow] now, Cx.also] om. Cx.vounde, γ.Willelmus de pontificibus libro xo.quarto, Cx.Ramsey, Cx.vor hy scholde go yfere, γ.op, γ.heeleful, Cx.the] that, Cx.þat ȝut, γ.lyghtlyer, Cx.hure, γ.prout, γ.hete to sle, Cx.Bricius, γ.Wulrycus Spotte, Cx.Magonce, Cx.hurde, γ.the] om. Cx.Cornewayle, Cx.Huwe, γ.; Hugh, Cx.ymad, γ.aȝenes, γ.; manely ayenst, Cx.neyhed, Cx.cheventen, γ.; Capitayn, Cx.dyscomfortet, γ.spoyled and] om. Cx.Northwich, γ.Tedford a vure, γ.theyr, Cx.hy, γ.a roȝte noȝt, γ.þes, γ.harde and sharpe, Cx.in, γ.of Dorobernia þat is Cantur|bury, γ.volwede ham, γ.Shroesbury, Cx.Borocschire, γ.pees, Cx., et infra.louȝ, γ.veyr, γ.Henr' libro 6o. Turkillus, an erle of the Danes, com alond in Kent, and Caunturbury men ȝaf hym thre thousand pound forto have pes. And the Danes went into the yle of Wiȝt, and toke prayes there. As ofte as the kyng went forth forto fiȝt aȝenusayenst, Cx.
About seynt Matheus feste, the Danes bisegidebeseged, Cx.twenty, Cx.a vure, γ.decon, γ.the] om. Cx.Austynhys, γ.ytueþed, γ.yr, γ.whoche, γ.wrath, Cx.vul, γ.luse, γ.vorbude, γ.hyghly, Cx.therafter] after Cx.roþerne, γ.; rotheren, Cx.he was not buryed til on the morn, Cx.Willelmus de Regibus libro 2o. After that this AlphegusElphegus, γ.habyt, γ.; habyte, Cx.valleþ, γ.alle, add. Cx.vader, γ.vul, γ.Almyȝty] om. Cx.hurde, γ.yte, γ.preyse to, γ.ayenst, Cx.worth a vure, γ.; waxe on fyre, Cx.Marcus.Marianus, Cx.ytormentet, γ.soche, γ.chest, Cx.byfore, Cx.overvlowede, γ.Henr'. libro 6o. Suanus kyng of Danes seyled about Est Anglond, that conteyneth Northfolk and Southfolk, and com with his navey into Humbre and passed forthe by the ryver of Trent to Geynisburgh. Thanne the men that wonededwellyd, Cx.þue, γ.pledgys, Cx.vleyschliche, γ.brugge, γ.syȝ] wente and sawe, Cx.huder and þuder, γ.yche, γ.his] om. Cx.menaced, Cx.dude myldelokur, γ.myldly, Cx.money, Cx.moche money, Cx.collectours, Cx.cruwel, γ.; cruel, Cx.pletynges on this, Cx.
Whanne Suanus was ded, the Danes made his sone Canutus kyng. But the Englische men sente into Normandy to kyng
promysed, Cx.wond, γ.to put, Cx.spyde, γ.chasede, γ.vle, γ.pledgys, Cx.Yreneside, γ.ayenst, Cx.sye, γ.bifore, Cx.vorsouk his ofspringe, γ.; yssue, Cx.wolde, Cx.worl, γ.voȝt, γ., et infra.greete, Cx.more, add. Cx.Wykcies, γ.hem, Cx.Alfr. and Mar'. But the morowe Edmund had overcome the Danes, ne haddenadde, γ.scheowede, γ.vleth, γ.one more sharply, Cx.unto, Cx.swar fewte, Cx.vurde, γ.; fyfthe, Cx.Octeford, γ.treytor, γ.op, γ.Alwey we dye, Cx.Alwey we dye, Cx.shal, Cx.a scholleþ vyȝte, γ.ef, γ.ayenste, Cx.pupel, γ.byhuld, γ.in] on, Cx.an, γ.a voote, γ.þruw, γ.kussede, γ.luf, γ.to] om. Cx.pryvy, Cx.yhud, γ.to . . . nede] om. Cx.thou trowest, Cx.slawe, γ.worl, γ., ut semper.R. But some storyes tellith,say, Cx.story] om. Cx.comune, Cx.byfore, Cx. Here γ. adds: Trevysa. Hyt myȝt wel stonde þat Canutus as a felman touk consayl of Edricus ar Edricus wuste þat a scholde dye, and dude whanne Edricus was ded as Edricus hadde yconsayled while a was alyve, and so þe storyes myȝte stonde, and non wiþsegge oþer, and so hyt ys more semelych þan segge þat wryters of storyes beþ fals.
Canutus the Dane was made kyng aloone whanne Edmund was dede and regned about anan] om. Cx.ef, γ.Edwynus] om. Cx.gylfollych, γ.kynge Swanus, Cx.vorþer, γ.bygate, Cx.mynchyn, γ.; nonne, Cx.Henr'. libro 6o. This name Adelyng is made of twey Saxon wordes, Adel that is noble, and lyng that is an ymage, thanne Adelyng ys as it were an noble ymage. Therfore the West Saxons havethhabbeþ, γ.heyr, γ., Cx.Willelmus de Regibus libro 2o. In the monthe of JuylJul, γ.were yȝeve, γ.a lovede, γ.kyng] om. γ.Henr'. libro 6o. That ȝere Canutus went into Denmarch, and hadde with hym Englisch men, aȝenus the Wandales, that werride uppon hym. The nyȝt
byfore, Cx.dysparblede, γ.Alduinus, Cx.an] om. Cx.prust, γ.þryes, γ.tumbe, γ.Magnus, Cx.dauns, γ.chircheyerde, Cx.Crystemas, Cx.ydo, γ.vondede, γ.she brayde to hym, Cx.later, γ.Willelmus de pontificibus libro primo. About this tyme Briȝtwold monk of Glastenbury, that was afterward the first bischop of Wiltoun, was in his contemplacion, and thouȝt on the kynges lynage of Englisch men, that lynage was thanne neiȝ al destruyed. And so this monk filvul, γ.cristemasse, Cx.shewed, Cx.folle, γ.ofspringe, γ., Cx.Henr. libro 6o. About this time an holy man warned Englisch men that a lord, that thei thouȝt nouȝt on, schuld come out of Fraunce and brynge hem riȝt lowe and tolde othere thingis as it is seide in the ende of the firstevurste, γ.Willelmus de Regibus libro 2o. This ȝere Eglenothus,Elgenoþus, γ.honderd, γ.Trevysa. Here tak hyde of þre manere talentes, þe leste weyeþ vyftene pound, þe myddel þre schore pound and twelve, þe moste weyeþ syx score pound. Thanne hyt volweþ in þe story. This ȝere, &c.vurste, γ., et infra.whoso ever, Cx.fol, γ.hunte, Cx.hurde γ.erl hermyt hys, γ.; erle here|mytes, Cx.heyr, γ.hyte, γ.þruw, γ.Harry, Cx.barayn, γ.Harry, Cx.byhuld, γ.with helde] kepte Cx.huld, γ.emperys, γ.ur, γ.toke it the lyghtlyer, Cx.
Also this ȝere deyde the secunde Richard the ferthevurde, γ.barvoot, γ.stalward, γ.stalward, γ.hyt, γ.Anone . . . pound] om. Cx.vonge, γ.Anone . . . pound] om. Cx.holelych, γ.chesse, Cx., bis.veyr, γ.vre, γ.vast, γ.vounde, γ.Willelmus de Regibus libro 2o. This Robart in a tyme passed by Phalesia a cite of Normandy, and siȝ a wenche that het ArletArlett, Cx.huld, γ.Vor hue, γ.; she, Cx.þues, γ.mayde Arlett, Cx.Robartes] om. Cx.hue rende, γ.byclupped, γ.now] om. Cx.swerye, γ.The lordes] They, Cx.hulde, γ.hyde, γ.Raf, γ.unkle, Cx.voule, γ.Guye a Bourgyon, Cx.whoche, γ.maystry, γ.ȝude, γ.ur, γ.adayes, Cx.Counte of Canovic, Cx.and was þe laste of all þe pyl|gryms, add. γ.vorbud, γ., et infra.schornede, γ.made showe, γ.; shooe, Cx.shoes, Cx.avalle, γ.syȝ no beynch, γ.fewel, Cx.suþe, γ.bynches, γ.evelde, γ.schulders, γ.a hadde yseye vendes, γ.hurde, γ.y-hurd, γ.vyng, γ.hyt, add. γ.
After Benet, the xx Joon was pope ix ȝere. Also this ȝere Marianus the Scot was y-bore, by his trauail thatþys, γ.; this, Cx.much enhaunced, Cx.Mar'. The men of Northwey, Nore|ganes, forsoke efte her holy kyng Olavus for his symplenesse, and toke Canutus in his stede; and he was cursedlich sleyn the ferthefourth, Cx.Hugh, Cx.raunson vor, γ.procrede, γ.; procured, Cx.relese, γ.; relece, Cx.ypot, γ.to do, add. γ.Canrodus, γ.swerye, γ.Mar'. This ȝere Canutus, a litel tofor he deyde, made oon Suanus kyng of the Noreganes, this Suanus was y-holde the sone of Canutus and of Elgiva ofof] om. γ.she, Cx.prustes, γ.Henr'. libro 6o. Me spekith of thre grete dedes that he dide. The first that he maryed his douȝter to the emperor Conradus. The secunde that he went noblich to Rome and cam aȝen and brouȝt with hym a grete deel of owre Lordes cros. The thridde that he sett his seete on the see stronde while the see was flowingvlowyng, γ.vp] om. Cx.as a was ywond, γ.strat, γ.subjette, Cx.oppon, γ.Harald Harevot, γ.Mar'. Som men seidesayen, Cx.þues, γ.toke fro, Cx.vyng, γ.lybbe, γ.prust, γ, et infra; chapelayn, Cx.
Hardecnutus come into Englond and regned thre ȝere. But he dide riȝt nouȝt that he was worthi to be praysed fore. For anone he sent Alfricus archbischop of ȝork with Godwyn to Londoun and made take up kyng Haraldes body out of the erthe for wreche of the wronges that Haralde had doon his moder, he made smyte of Haraldes heed that was ded tofor|hond and throwe the body into Temse, but afterward fischersvyschers, γ.potte al þe reul, γ.all, add. Cx.Willelmus de Regibus, lio 2o. Also this kyng maryed his fairest suster Gunnilda to Henry the emperour. Gunnilda was the douȝter of Canutus and of Emma, and was toforhond wowed of many grete woweres in hir fader tyme. Whanne heohue, γ., et infra.spouseorekynge, Cx.houge, γ.homme, γ.meynchen, γ.; nonne, Cx.Henr. lio 6o. et Mar'. In this Haraldes tyme ElfredeElured, γ.soche, γ.þanne he slouȝ syx honderd men at Gildeford, vor of þe Normans, &c.tythyng, Cx.teþed, γ.; tythed, Cx.gottes, γ.Harry, Cx.Wil|lelmus de Regibus, lio 2o. Also this had a suster that was aa was wond, γ.menchyn, γ.; nonne, Cx.rugge, γ.; rydge, Cx.menchens, γ.; menchons, Cx.hure, γ.voul prust, γ.menchen, γ., et infra; nonne, Cx., bis.vul, γ.twellyf, Cx.in scrypture, Cx.veyr, γ.draddest, Cx.lusyng, γ.manas, γ.byhyȝte, γ.; promysed, Cx.promysed, Cx.mete noþer dryngke, γ.; mete, Cx.lye, Cx.ur vuyr, γ.chalysch vol, γ.Marcus. In this Henryes tyme was [so]Vor a prust, γ.Rome, Cx.chene, γ.queynt, γ.leite, Cx.Willelmus de Regibus, lio. 2.o Y trowe nouȝt that these versus were made a Latyn whanne that geaunt was buried thouȝ Carmentis Evanders moder had found upvp] om. Cx.synewes, γ.to falle] fallen, Cx.
After Benet the sixte Gregorye was pope about anan] om. Cx.hyȝt, γ.W. de R'. This man, of grete religioun and sternenesse,sturnes, γ.vond, γ.ought, Cx.veaw, γ.remenaunt, Cx.naket, γ.þueues, γ.helpyd, Cx.potte, γ.yre of kuttyng, γ.and rekeuered] om. Cx.wound þe mene tyme to, γsekenesse, Cx.bryþern, γ.rabbyschlyche. γ.lyflode, γ.gaddryng, γ.benefeite, Cx.whoche, γ.covetys, γ.hudels, γ.be, Cx.resonhabelych, γ., bis.worned, γ.ellytes, γ.; ellysers, Cx.yschend, γ.suggeþ, γ.sue, Cx.socre, γ.accused, Cx.prustes, γ.for . . . synnes] om. Cx.weteþ, γ.chastyse, Cx.seggeth, γ.Mathias, γ.trespast, Cx.of oures, Cx.ich] he, Cx., wrongly.lassyth, Cx.Treuisa. Here war of the develes argument and of gyle. For be a man neuer so evel, ȝett he may amende, while he is alyve, and so dide Paul and Marye Mandeleyn,Magdelen, γ.; Magdalene, Cx.cockle, Cx.durnel, γ.loken, Cx.wol, Cx.Lambehyth, Cx.a vel, γ.wexe, Cx.dome, γ.Henr' lio 6o. Me seith that he was so large and so fre of herte, that he wolde make aray kynges messes foure
relyf, γ.Willelmus de Regibus. Me sent anoon into Normandy for Edward schuld come and be crowned kyng, and plegges were yȝeve so that he schuld brynge with hym but feweveaw, γ.helped, Cx.R. But Marianus seith that kyng Hardecnutus had sent toforhond for his brother Edward, and made hym abide with hym in his owne court. Wil|lelmus de Regibus et Mar'.
Thanne Edward come into Englond and was crowned kyng at Westmynstre of Edsius archbischop of Caunterbury, and regnede about an xxiiii ȝere. This kyng wedded Goditha, Godwyns douȝter, and bylad hir by sich crafte so that he put hir nouȝt from his bed nother lay by hir fleschlich. Whether he dide hit for hate of hir meyne,meyney, γ.hit] om. Cx.jewels, Cx.hue, γ.eselyche ykept, γ.whoche hue, γ.trust, Cx.fyre, Cx.vuyr hot yre, γ.togeder, Cx.nemnede, γ.Aluredus, γ.procrede, γ.male owther female, Cx.hue, γ.yene were yhud, γ.vure hote solouȝ, γ.schapede, γ.before, Cx.soloȝ, γ.Marianus. Elfword bischop of Londoun that was som tyme abbot of Evesham, wax insuffisaunt for elde feblenesse and sekenesse to governe and rule so grete a bischoprich, and wolde have be abbot of Evesham aȝen but the bretherenbrether, Cx.It' Marian'. Kyng Edward gadered a stronge navey in the havene of Sandwyche, aȝenus Harold Harfager kyng of the Noreganes, that arayed hym forto come and werre
ham, γ.vyȝttyng, γ.scheft, γ.atwynne, Cx.yboȝt, γ.Lemugus, γ.; Lyvyngus, Cx.trees, Cx.vorschaldede, γ.vonge, γ.hyȝe, γ.Erlewynus, Cx.worlych, γ.Beccum, Cx.worl, γ.Marianus. This ȝere pope Leo and Suanus kyng of Danes wente with Henry the emperour aȝenus Baldewyn erle of Flaundres, and Edward the kyng of Englond kepte the see with his navey forto the emperour had al his wille. Also this ix. pope Leo had a wemmewem, γ.Marianus.
Kyng Edward deschargide Englisch men of a grevous tribute that his fader Egelredus hadde made paye to the soudiours of Denmarch, and had tho dured xl. ȝere. This ȝere deyde Edsius archbischop of Caunturbury. And kyng Edward ȝaf the archbischopriche to his famyliare, Robart that he had made bischop of Londoun. Here after in the monethe of Septembre, Eustachius, erle of Bonoen,Boloyn, Cx.Goda, Cx.Willelmus de Regibus, lio 2o, et Mar'. At last was stronge fiȝtinge, so that the citesyns slouȝ xx. men of the erles company and wounded so many, that me couthe nouȝt telle how many were wounded. The erle scaped unnethe with oon felawe and cam to the kyng at Gloucetre and meoved the kyng grevouslich aȝenus Englische men. Thanne Godwyn erle of Kent was somnedsompned, Cx., bis.wyþ hys host, γ.reason, Cx.ef hy, γ.pleasure, Cx.sese þe Walsche, γ.; Wallsh, Cx., bis.Walysch, γ.procured, Cx.pledgys, Cx.veaw, γ.vyf dawes, γ.Chisney, γ.playn, Cx.o, γpurposed slyly, Cx.pledgys, Cx.surte, γ.worl, γ.Willelmus de Pontificibus, lio po. & Mar'. This ȝere Godwyn and alle his sones were accorded with kyng Edward, out take his eldest sone Suanus, that was sory for the deth of his cosyn Beornus,Berinus, Cx.Willelmus de Pontificibus lio. 2o. Thanne it was openlich songe in weyes, that he was nouȝt worthi a bischopriche, that couthe [noȝt]and] of, Cx.Mar'. That tyme in Irlond a clerk Barbosus was a man of grete and of wondre religioun, so that he helde a grete scole of clerkes, of lewide men, and of wenches and for | he]seut, γ.Willelmus de Pontificibus, lio 2o. About that tyme deyde seynt Alfwold the laste bischop of Schireburne. He was firste monke at Wynchestre and thanne he was made bischop. He used brede and water among alle the grete festes, that were made in Englond after the commynge of the Danes. This man was devout at alle poyntes to oureur, γ.a were ypunsed, γ.vare, γ.a hadde, γ.
After Leo, the secunde Victor was pope two ȝere and six monthes. He made a synod at Florence in Italy and sett a|doun many bischops for symonye and fornicacioun. Mar'. This ȝere Syward the noble erle of Northhumbrelond, by hestecommaundement, Cx.gaddryng, γ.byfore, Cx.stomelede, γ.swolowe, Cx.ych, γ.R. But Marianus seith that Godwyn sate atte mete by the kyng at Wynchestre and was sodeynlich take with a sekenesse on Ester Monday and deyde the Thursday in the Ester weke.woke, γ.Aldredus, Cx.þennes, γ.Scotlande, Cx.Mold, γ.Mar'. This ȝere kyng Edward outlawed Algarus the sone of Leofricus without gult. Anoon he was prayed and socyedysocyed, γ.; associate, Cx.avure, γ.Item Mar'. Also this ȝere Syward the noble duke of Northhumbrelond deyde at ȝork in the fluxflyx, Cx.monasttere, γ.Waltyf, Cx.Item Mar'. & Willelmus. Also that ȝere Herman of Flaundres, that was som tyme kyng Edwardes prest, and thanne bischop of Wil|toun, and Ramesbury, was at disese for defaute of catel and prayed the kyng and had hit almost graunted forto ordeyne his see in the abbay ofof] om. γ.habyt, γ.Bertines, Cx.rulede, γ.valleþ, γ.reeses, Cx.habbeþ, γ.elenge, Cx.age, Cx.one, γ.; oone and ioyne, Cx.huld, γ.y-oned, γ.; ioyned, Cx.Willelmus de Regibus. Also that ȝere the kyng was at anheeres, Cx.þruw, γ.ywyryed, γ,; weryed, Cx.clawes, Cx.tho, Cx.the] om. Cx.rod, γ.and spurred him, Cx.veyre weynches, γ.hue, γ.they, Cx.Willelmus de Regibus, lio 2o. About this tyme a womman at Berkeley used evel craftes and was at a feste in a day. Thanne a crowe that heo had likynglich yfedvet, γ.ynorset, γ.lodder, γ.vul, γ.palle, γ.solouȝ, γ.vorouȝ, γ.meyney allayd and offalle, γ.; leyde and fallen, Cx.meynchen, γ.; nonne, Cx., bis.ych, γ.bedes, γ., Cx.ysuwed, γ.leggeth, γ.þrouȝ, γ.; trowh, Cx.yre, γ.Make ye, Cx.lygge, γ.otmest, γ.; uttermest, Cx.kokene crowe, γ.hue, γ.vurde, γ.wreton, Cx.Marcellus, Cx.byfore, Cx.
THE thridde Henry the secunde Henryes sone regned amonge DuchysDuche, Cx.Hyllebrande, Cx.Bourgh, Cx.Marian'. Also this ȝere the noble erle Leofricus, the sone of Leofwynus, duke of Mercia deyde in his own toun Bromleygh,Bromley, Cx.Leonen, Cx.R. Also at atolle, Cx., bis.hors, γ.habbe þat, γ.the] that, Cx.in a morning not keuered, Cx.Willelmus de Regibus. A ȝonge citesyn of Rome Lucianus by his name a riche man of catelcataylle, Cx.vyngur, γ.vechche, γ.; fette, Cx.pame, γ.wreste, γ.wreth, Cx.stilleche, γ.wytte, Cx.velede, γ.walowe, Cx.godas, γ.vurde, γ.prust, γ.myde, γ.chaar, Cx.a strompet] om. γ.houre, γ.cheplet, γ.rodde, Cx.vend have, γ.; hafe, Cx.blynchede, γ.Mar'. Aldre|dus bischop of Wircetre made seynt WulfstanWolstan, γ.Patronus, Cx., tris.Trevisa. In that doyng Paternus the monk semeth a lewide gostlewde goost, Cx.verrey, γ.other for the feth] om. γ.and] om. γ.Sarasyn, Cx.what it meaned, Cx.hit] om. Cx.Willelmus de Regibus.
IN the feste of the translacion of saynt Thomas of Caunter|bury, kynge Edwarde toke the See vnwyttynge all his men whether he wold wende. But by ledynge of a knyght of Hare|court, that was sometyme outlawed oute of Fraunce, the kyng londed at Hoggys bysides the Ryver of Seyn in the south syde of Normandy, and spoylled Cadony and other Cytees, and so his men were made full ryche. But the kynge of Fraunce had broke the brydges of Ryvers in every syde, for the hoostes shold not come to geders and fyght. Therfor kynge Edwarde roode in Normandye and toke prayes in every syde. On saynt Rufus daye the martir, that is on saynt Austyn the doctours even, that is the seven and twentyest day of Lammasse monethe, at Cressy in Pycardy kynge Edward gloryously overcome the kyng of Fraunce, and chaced hym, and slewe twey kynges of Boheme and of Mayorck, the duk of Lotheryng, twey bisshops, eyght erles, many noble lordes, two thousand knyghtes, and other men withoute nombre, and chaced the peple that fledde
and specialliche of the diocise, words which belong to the following sen|tence.
God be thanked of al his dedes. This translacion is ended on a Thursdaye the eyghtenthe daye of Apryll, the yere of our Lord a thousand thre honderd and lvii., the xxxi. yere of kyng Edward the thyrd after the Conquest of Englond; the yere of my lordes age, Syr Thomas lord of Berkley, that made me make this translacion, fyve and thyrtty.
Thus endeth the book named Proloconycon, made and com|piled by Ranulph, monk of Chestre, whiche ordeyned it in Latyn; and atte request of the ryght worshipful lord Thomas, lord of Berkeley, it was translated in to Englisshe by one Trevisa, thenne vycarye of the paryssh of Barkley. And for as moche as syth the accomplysshemente of this sayd booke, made by the sayd Ranulph, ended the yere of oure Lord a Mccclvii., many thynges have fallen whiche ben requysyte to be added to this werke, by cause mennes wyttes in this tyme ben oblyvyous and lyghtly forgeten many thynges dygne to be
THENNE folowyng this fore wreton booke of Prolicronycon I have emprysed to ordeyne this newe booke by the suffraunce of Almyghty God to contynue the sayd werk bryefly, and to sette in hystoriall thynges, suche as I have conne gete, from the tyme that he lefte, that was in the yere of oure Lord a thousand thre honderde and seven and fyfty, vnto the yere of our sayd Lord thousand four honderd and syxty, and to the fyrst yere of the regne of kynge Edward the fourth.
IN the yere of oure Lord a Thousand thre honderd eyght and fyfty, in October, Robert Knolles, a Capytayne of a greete com|panye of Englysshe men and other, helde and had won many fortresses in Fraunce by Orleaunce in Brytayne and in Nor|mandye. And in the same monethe he lefte his garnysons, and cam tofore Parys, and there bytoke a stronge place named Amblanullers. And they of Parys sente out men of warre ageynste them, but they were anone overthrowen and beten into the toune ageyn. And dayly they assaylled the Frensshmen vnto the yates of Parys, and helde them of Parys soo strayte that atte laste they were constreyned to bye that place of hym, & to yeve to hym large moneye to departe. And after they destroyed many places in Champayne; and in Marche after they toke the Cyte of Anserre and the Castel; at whiche pryse were made thre knyghtes, that is to saye, Robert Knolles, Tomelyn Fonque, and another, whiche thre were Capytaynes of grete foyson of Englysshmen. And they pylled that toune, which was ryche as was sayd, they hadde as moche good and Jewellys, as was valewyd to fyve honderde thousand motons of Golde. And the Raunsonne of prysonners of synguler personnes was an over grete somme. And whan
In this yere of oure Lorde a thousande thre honderd syxty, and fyve and thyrtty yere of the regne of kynge Edward the thirde, the pees was fynysshed and acorded bytwene bothe kynges of Fraunce and of Englonde, as it is afore sayd. And at Alhalowen tyde after bothe two kynges metten togeder at Caleys with bothe theyr counseyls; and there were shewyd the Artycles and condicions of the pees and acorde, to whiche both partyes agreed, and promysed to observe and kepe, where forthwith was songe a solempne masse. And after the thyrde Agnus Dei vppon Goddes bodye, and also on the myssale, bothe kynges, her sonnes and the grettest lordes of both Royames beyng tho there presente, swore to holde, observe, and kepe the sayd pees and acorde, and alle other covenauntes that were ordeyned bytwene hem.
Aboute this tyme saynt Brygytte, an hooly wydow of the Royamme of Swethen had many revelacions to bee enformed vnto alle thastate of the chirche, and Instytued and founded an ordre newe of women and of men, wherof she is Patrones: her feste is kepte the two and twentyest day of Juyll.
In the same yere were grete and sodayne tempestes and strong lyghtnynge and thondrynge, by whiche howsynge, beestes and trees were perysshed. And the devyl appered in mannys lykenesse to moche peple in dyverse places, and spak to hem.
Also in dyverse places of the worlde were erthe quaves, in soo moche that Basyle the Cyte fylle doune with many Castels aboute hit. That tyme men dwellyd in woodes as beestes, and durste not entre in to Cytees. That tyme were many bataylles, Pestylence and honger in many places. Also in dyverse places the Erthe caste oute whyte water and stynkynge, whiche over|threwe and made to falle Castels and stronge places on many places of the worlde. In this yere, in the feste of Conversion of saynt Poule, kynge Edward helde a parlamente at West|mynstre. In whiche was shewyd the pees and acorde made bytwene the two kynges.
Item.—In the same yere in the Ascencion even was seen Eclypse of the Sonne, wherupon fyll a grete droughte, and
Also this yere was a grete wynde which overthrewe houses, Trees, and many a steple in Englond. Item in this yere kynge Edward made Syre Leonel his sonne duc of Clarence, and Edmond his other sonne Erle of Cambrydge. In this yere was ordeyned by a parlament that men of lawe shold plete in theyr moder tongue. In that yere cam in to Englond the kynges of Fraunce, Cypres, and Scotland, which were worshipfully receyved. And after they had ben here long tyme, two of hem wente in to theyr countrayes ageyne. But the kynge of Fraunce, for grete sekenesse that he had, abode stylle in Englond.
THIS yere was an huge froste lastyng fro saynt Andrews tyde vnto the fourtenthe kalendas of Apryll. In this yere ther was a scoler whiche slepte contynuelly by the terme of seven yere in Lubyke. And after he awoke and lyved long tyme. Also this year was a grete batayll bytwene Syre Johan of Mountford, duc of Brytayne, and Syre Charles de Bloys, but the vyctorye fylle to syre Johan thurgh helpe and socoure of
In this same yere the Frensshmen brake the pees rydyng in Guyan and Pontiew, takynge castels and tounes, surmysynge on the Englysshe men subtylly and vntruly that they were cause of the brekynge of the pees. In this same yere deyde the Duchesse of Lancastre, and is buryed at Powlys in London.
IN this yere, xliiij. of the kynge, was a gete pestylence and a grete moreyn of beestes. And there fylle soo grete waters that it caused greete destruction of corne, in soo moche that the nexte yere followyng a busshel of whete was worth thre schyllynges & four pens. In the laste day of May was holden a parlemente at Westmynstre for the brekynge of the pees of the Frensshmen, and how the wronges myght be redressyd and avengyd. In this sayd yere in thassumpcion of oure Lady deyde quene Philyp, and is buryed at Westmynstre. At myd|somer this same yere the duc of Lancastre and the Erle of Herford with a grete companye of men of warre wente over see toward Fraunce, & on Chalkhylle bytwene saynt Omers & Guynes was an huge hooste of Frensshmen, & the hoost of Englysshe men fast by the same, whiche hadde long leyn there, & dyverse Englysshe men yaf counseyll for to fyght with the Frensshmen, but the lorde & capitaynes wold not. Anone after it happed that therle of Warwyck come thyderward. And whanne the Frensshmen herde of his comynge, er he cam fully to londe, they lefte theyr tentes and pavylons with all theyr vytayl, and fledde theyr weye. And whan therle was londed he hasted toward Normandy, and in his comyng ageyne toward Caleys he deyde on the pestylence.
In this yere at mydsomer was made an hooste, and Syre Robert Knollys was made governour, and whanne they cam in to Fraunce, as longe as they helde hem togeder the Frenssh|men durst not come neygh them. But atte last for envye and covetyse that was among them they discorded and sundryd them in to dyverse companyes, whiche couraged the Frenssh|men in soo moche that they cam frely on our Englysshmen, and for the moste part toke and slewe hem. In the same yere Pope Urban cam fro Rome to Avynyon, purposynge to have made a fynal pees bytwene Englond and Fraunce. But er he beganne his traytye he deyde. Somme saye he was poysoned. After Urban, the enleventhe Gregory was pope eyght yere. This pope was callyd tofore Petrus de Bello forte, he was deken Cardynal, and deyde in Rome in Goddes pees. After hym folowed grete trybulacion in the chirche, which God shewyd by Revelacion to saynt Brygytte for the synnes of men
In this yere were sent fro the pope two bisshops, one of Ravenne & one of Carpentras, for to treate bytwene two kynges of Fraunce & of Englond, & day was holden at Brugys in Flaun|dres, & ther were for the kyng of Englond the duc of Lancastre the bisshop of London, and many other; and for the Frensshe kynge, the Duc of Burgoyne, his broder the bisshop of Amyens, and many other, but they concluded no thyng.
In the fyftyest yere of kynge Edwardes regne, on Trynyte Sondaye, that yere the eyghte daye of Juyn, deyde the noble Prynce Edward at Kenyngton, and brought to Westmestre, wher he had his obsequye, and fro thens caryed to Caunterburye and there worshipfully beryed besyde saynt Thomas shryne. Aboute this tyme, Bartholus & Baldus, greete doctours of lawe, were in her floures. After the deth of pope Gregory the xj., began the worst scysme that ever was in the chirche, whiche dured xl. yere. For at Rome was Urban the syxthe, chosen by force & strength of the Romaynes. And this dyde the Cardynals for drede, ageynste theyr entente and wyll, therfore they fledde to the cyte Fundorum, saynge hym not to be pope, And chose in his place Robertum de Gebennis the same yere, which was named the seventh Clement. And thus beganne the scysme. In the fyfthe yere the mayre of London Adam Stable was discharged the xxj. day of Marche, and Nicholas Brembre chosen by vertu of a lettre that cam from the kyng. The same yere was a grete parlemente at Westmynstre, in whiche the kynge axyd a grete subsydye, but the Commynes answerd that they myght no lenger bere suche charges, and sayde they knewe wel that the kynge had good ynowgh for hymself and for savyng of his royame yf the royamme were well governed, but it hadde be longe evyl ruled by evyl offycers, that the londe myght not be plentiuous of chaffare, marchaun|dyse ne ryches, & shewyd many complayntes of dyvers officers of the royamme. And namely on the lord Latemer the kynges chamberlayn, and on dame Alyce Pyers, for grete wronges that mysgovernaunce that were done by theyr coun|seylle, desyrynge that they sholde be remevyd, and other putte in theyr stede, suche as were wyse, true, wel proved, and of good governaunce. And soo amonge all other they chees Syre Pyers Delamare, a wyse knyght and eloquent, for to be speker for the commynes. And bycause the same Syre Pyers tolde and publysshed the trouthe, rehersynge the wronges don by dyverse personnes of the kynges hous, anone after the deth of the good prynce Edward he was putte in to perpetuel prysonne. The same yere anone after Candelmasse, durynge the sayd parlement, a subsydye was graunted to the kynge bothe of the clergye and of the temporalyte, that is to saye, of the temporalyte of every persone passynge fourten yere of age he shold have four pens, except poure beggers; And of every man of hooly Chirche benefyced or promoted twelve pens, and vnpromoted foure pens, excepte the four ordres of Freres. The same Rychard, Prynce Edwardys sonne, was made prynce of Wales; And to hym the kynge gafe the Ducherye of Corne|wayle
AFTER kyng Edward the thyrd regned Rychard the second, that was the noble prynce Edwardes sone of Wales; which kyng Rychard was borne at Bourdeux; he was crouned at Westmestre the enleventh yere of his age. In the second yere of his regne the lord Latemer and Syre Rauf Ferys, stryvyng and leyng at debate with Syre Robert Hawle and one Shakleys for the Erle of Dene theyr prysoner, cam in to Westmynstre chirch, and there slough atte hye masse tyme the sayd Hawle, and Shakle was arestyd and putte in the Toure of London. It is sayd that this was done by commaundemente of the duc of Gloucetre, wherfore he cam and was assoylled at Westmynstre, and made greete amendes and gafe grete gyftes and Iewellys therfore to the sayd chirche. Aboute this tyme the fest of the vysytacion of our Lady was bygonne by pope Urban the enleventh, after the forme and also the same pardon that is yeven to the feste of the Sacra|mente, whiche feste is holden the second daye of Juyll. In this tyme the grete maystre of Rhodes entryd in to Turquye with a grete companye, and there by the Grekes that were with the Turkes he was discomfyted and taken, and the remenaunt of his peple deed and taken to fore a castel callid Sayette. In the thyrde yere of his regne cam certayne galeyes of warre oute of Fraunce into dyverse portis of Englond, and robbed, brente, and slue moche peple, in so moche that they cam to Gravysende and brente a grete part of the toune.
In the same yere was ordeyned at a parlement at Westmyn|stre that every man and woman past fourtene yere of age shold paye to the talage four pens, wherfor fyl afterward moch mes|chyef. For in the fourth yere of his regne the comons aroos in dyverse partyes in Englond, and dyde moche harme, and it was callyd the hurlyng tyme. And they of Kente and of Estsex made hem two capytayns callyd Iac Strawe and Watte Tyler. And they assembled on Blacheth, and on Corpus Christi day they cam in to Southwerk, and lete oute all the prysoners of the kynges benche and Marchalsee, and cam in to London and robbed alle the alyens and straungers, and sloughe and made havoke. On the morne after they cam to the Toure of London, where the kynge was presente the same tyme, and toke out the Archebisshop of Caunterbury and the pryour of saynt Iohans and a whyte frere confessour to the kyng, and smote of theyr
The same yere was a bataylle done within the kynges palays at Westmynstre, for certayne poyntes of treasoune, bytwene Syre Johan Ansley, knyght, defendaunt, and Garton Squyer, appellaunt, and the defendaunt discomfyted thappellaunt.
us xij. yere, and after hym Alexander Grecus one yere. And thenne after hym Iohannes visesimus tercius, and thenne at Counseyll of Constance was chosen Martinus quintus: and soo of alle thyse forsayd popes, from Gregorius vndecimus vnto Martinus Quintus, endured the scysme by the space of fourty yere, that it was not knowen who was the very and vndoubted pope.
IN the eyght yere of kyng Rychardes regne, Syr Edmond of Langely, Erle of Cambrydge, the kynges vncle, wente in to Portyngale with a grete companye of men of armes and archers, in strengthyng and helpyng the kynge of Portyngale ageynst the kynge of Spayne. And there the kynge of Portyn|gale had the vyctorye. That done, the Erle of Cambrydge cam home ageyne with his armye in to Englond. The same yere kyng Rychard helde his Crystemasse at Eltham. The kyng of Ermonye the same tyme fledde oute of his owne londe, and cam vnto kynge Rychard for socour and ayde, for the Turkys had devoured & destroyed moche of his londe. The kyng havyng grete pyte & compassion of his grete myschyef, toke counseyl herupon. And it was concluded that the kyng shold yeve hym some good, for taventure his peple so ferre it were a grete ieopardye. And so the kyng gaf hym gold and sylver and many ryche yeftes, and betaught hym to God, and soo he departed oute of Englond. This same yere kynge Rychard with a grete and puissaunt armee wente toward Scot|land. And the Scottys sente to the kynge, and desyred and made grete laboure for to have a tryeus, soo a tryeus was taken and made; and thenne the kyng retorned to York, and there Syre Iohan Holond, therle of Kentis broder, slewe therlys sone of Stafford, wherfore the kyng was sore meved and retorned to London. In the nynthe yere of his regne was a parlement at Westmynstre, in whiche the kynge made and created two Dukes, fyve Erlys, and a marquys. Syr Edmond of Langley, the kynges vncle, Erle of Cambrydge, was mad duc of York. Syre Thomas of Wodestoke, his other vncle, that was Erle of Bokyngham, was made duc of Gloucetre. Syre Leonel Vere, Erle of Oxenford, was made marquys of Develyn. Harry Bolyngbroke, the dukes sonne of Lancastre, was made erle of Derby. Syre Edward, the dukes sone of York, was made erle
IN the fourtenthe yere Sir Iohan of Gaunt, duk of Lancastre, with a grete hooste wente in to Spayne, to clayme and chalenge his right by his wyves tytle vnto the Crowne of Spayne, and he had with hym the Duchesse his wyf and his thre doughters. And therafter grete commynycacion herupon had they were acorded, and concluded that the kynge of Spayne shold marye the duck of Lancastres doughter. And he shold yeve to the duck of Lancastre gold and sylver, whiche was casten in to grete wedgys, and soo many other Iewellys, as moche as eyght chary|ottis myght carye. And every yere after, durynge the lyf of the duc, and his wyf ten thousand marc of gold. Of whiche golde they of Spayne sholde adventure and bere the ieopardye therof, and brynge yerly vnto Bayon to the dukes assygnees by surete made. Also the duc of Lancastre dyde doo marye another of his doughters to the kyng of Portyngale the same tyme. And thenne he retourned and cam ageyne in to Englond with his wyf. In this yere the Turkes made grete warre ageynste Crystendome vnto the cyte of Iene. Wherfore the Ienewayes sente to the kynge of Fraunce for ayde, and also to the kynge of Englond. And soo ther wente oute of Fraunce fyften honderd knyghtes, with the duc of Borbon, and the Erle of Ewe, and other. And oute of Englond went the Erle of Alby, a valyaunt man, with certayne Archers. And they shipped at Marcellis, and wente and besyged Thunes in Barbarye, and made there many skarmuches, and putte oute ofte the Sarasyns: but in thende the Turke fered, and made trewes for a seasonne,
IN the yere 1494 were trewes taken bytwene the kyng of Fraunce and the kynge of Englonde for foure yere. Also this same yere, aboute Crystemasse, kynge Rychard wente fyrst in to Irlond. After Wenzelaus, Rupertus alias Robertus was Em|perour nyne yere. This Robertus duk of Bayer and Count Palatyn on the Ryn, a juste and trewe man and a catholyke, he was crowned of the nynthe Boneface the Pope. He entryd in to Ytalye with a grete armye ageynst duk Galyace, but he retorned with grete losse. About this tyme was that cursyd heresye of Iohan Wyclyf in Englond, and Iohan Hus in Bohe|mye, and Ierome of Praghe, which heresye enfected moch peple, and vnder the habyte of a lambe hydynge wolvysshe cruelte had purposed to subverte alle the state of the chirche; and the sklaunderous scysme whiche was in this evyll tyme was a grete helpe to them. Also this tyme the heresyee Adamitarum beganne to growe in Boheme, but it was putte
In the nynetenthe yere of kyng Rychard, he wente to Calays, and maryed there quene Isabel, the kynges doughter of Fraunce. At whiche tyme the Frensshe lordes were sworen on a booke that alle covenauntes, forwardys, and composicions ordeyned and made on both sydes shold be truly holden and kept withoute contradiction or dylaye in ony maner wyse. And whanne this ryal maryage was done and fynysshed, kynge Rychard with dame Isabel his quene cam in to Englond. And the mayer of London with all his bretheren, with grete multitude of the comons of the cyte & the craftys resseyved hem worshipfully atte Blacheth, and brought hem to saynt Georges barre. And there takynge theyr leve, the kynge and the Quene roode to Kenyngton. And after that, withynne a whyle, the quene cam to the Toure of London, at whoos com|yng was moche harme done. For on London brydge were nyne personnes crowded to deth. Of whome the pryour of Typtre was one. And from the Tour she wente thurgh the cyte of London to Westmynstre, and there she was crowned. And after this kyng Rychard by appoyntemente delyvered the toun of Brest to the duc of Brytayne, wherof bygon moche trouble and sorowe, whiche dured vnto his deth. In the twenty|est yere kyng Rychard dyde holde a grete feste at West|mynstre. At whiche feste arryved the sowdyours that hadde kepte Breste, and sate atte dyner in the hall; and after dyner the Duc of Gloucetre sayd to the kynge, "Syre, have ye not seen the felawes that sate at dyner in your halle?" And the kynge demaunded who they were. And he sayd, "these ben youre folk that have servyd yow, and ben come from Breste, and now wote not what to doo, and have ben evyl payd." Thenne the kynge sayd that they shal be payed. Thenne answerd the duc of Gloucetre in a grete furye, "Syre, ye ought fyrste to putte youre bodye in devoyre to gete a toune or a castel by fayt of warre vpon your enemyes, er ye sholde selle or delyver ony tounes that your predecessours
THENNE the duc of Lancastre, Erle of Derby, named Henry Bolyngbroke, was crowned kyng of Englond at Westmynstre on saynt Edwardes day Confessour. Thenne made the kynge his oldest sonne Henry prynce of Wales, Duke of Cornewayle and Erle of Chestre; he made Syre Thomas of Arondel Arche|bisshop of Caunterbury as he was byfour. And he that was made Archebisshop by kynge Rychard, he made hym Bisshop of London, and he made the Erlis sonne of Arondel to be put in possession of all his londes. In the fyrst yere of his regne he helde his Crystemas at Wyndesore. And on the twelvthe even the duk of Aumarle tolde the kyng how the duc of Surrey, the Duc of Excetre, the erle of Salesbury, & therle of Gloucetre, with other of theyr affynyte, were accorded to make a mommynge to the kyng, and soo for to slee hym in the revelynge. Wherfore the kyng the same nyght cam prively to London, and anon these lordes that had purposed to have
I shal be reproched. For I have done ageynst myn honour." After this the twelvest daye of Marche was the bodye of the noble kyng Rychard broughte thurgh London to Powlus, whiche corps was leyd on a charyotte coveryd with black and four baners, wherof tweyne were of the armes of saynt George, and tweyne of the armes of Saynt Edward. And there were an honderd men clothed in black, eche berynge a torche. And the cyte of London hadde thyrtty men in whyte, eche beryng also a torche. And the corps was leyd open the vysage, that every man myght see and knowe that it was hys body, and that he was soo deede. For many men bylevyd it not. And from thennes he was caryed to the Frerys at Langley, and there he was buryed. On whoos sowle God have mercy. Amen.
The comyn oppynyon of Englysshmen is that kynge Rychard deyde not after the maner a foresayd, but that he deyde other wyse. That is to wete that whanne he herde saye that his brother the Duc of Excetre, the Duc of Surrey, the Erle of Salysbury, and the other lordes were deede, he was soo angry and soo sorowfull that he swore that he wolde never eete meete, and soo abode foure dayes withoute etynge as they saye. And whanne that kynge Henry vnderstode that he wolde not ete, he sent to hym two prelates for to comforte hym. And whan they were come he confessyd hym to one of them, the whiche gaf hym in penaunce that he sholde ete his mete. And whanne he supposed to have eten, the meete myght not goo doune ne avale in to his stomake; For the conduytes of his bodye were shronken to geder And thenne sayde the noble kynge Rychard that it was done, and that he muste nedes deye; and soo he deyde. But certes, whether he deyde this waye or that other, certaynly he deyde, and was buryed at Langley. God have mercy on his sowle. Amen.
And thenne was kynge Harry peasly kyng. Thenne he fonde in kynge Rychardes tresorye nyne honderd thousande noblis, withoute iewellys and vessels, whiche was as moche worth or more. And ther was founden in the tresorers kepynge of Englonde an honderde and fyfty thousand nobles, and iewels and vessell as moche or more. And thus kynge Henry hadde all his goodes.
Item. This same yere kynge Harry sente hoome ageyne kynge Rychardys wyf Quene Isabel vnto the kynge of Fraunce, her fader, and he putte her from her dowayre.
IN the second yere of kynge Harry the fourth, Sire Rogyer of Claryngton, knyght, and two of his men, and the priour of
THIS yere, Lowys duc of Orleauns was slayn meschevously at Parys atte commaundement of the duc of Burgoyne. For it was soo that the duc of Orleaunce hadde ben to vysyte the Quene. And as he retorned to his Inneward, certayne per|sonnes ordeyned by the sayd duc of Burgoyne laye in awayte, and fylle on him and slewe hym cruelly, smytynge the brayn oute of his heede; and one of his gentylmen was slayne with hym: wherfor on the morn was a grete counseyll, and the yates of Parys were closed, and alle the grete lordes thenne beyng at Parys were assemblyd. Among whome was the sayd duc that commysed this murdre, and there was gyven strayte commaundemente to the prouost of Parys that he shold make strayte serche to knowe who hadde commised this grete murdre. For as soone as the murdres hadde slayne the duk they sette an hous a fyre. And whyle the people cam for to staunche the fyer, they had their horses redy, and soo escaped, and roode in to Flaundrys. And on the nexte daye, whanne al the lordes were reassembled, there was moche axynge and serchyng, who myght doo this murdre. Thenne the sayd Duc of Burgoyne stode vp and sayde that he hym self hadde doo putte hym to deth for certayne causes whiche he wold justyfye, and forthwith he departed oute of the counseil and wente to his lodgyng, and toke his hors with a pryvy meyney, and rode strayt to Lyle; and after cam al his other meyny, and so de|parted he from Parys. Wherupon after cam the duchesse of Orleaunce his wyf, the Dukes doughter of Melan, with her sonnes, and her oldest sones wyf, suster to the kyng, whiche had ben tofore quene of Englonde, kynge Rychardys wyf, and requyred humbly iustice of the kynge, whiche thenne was in
This same yere the comons putte vp a bylle in the parle|ment to the kynge as for the temporalytees beynge in the handes of the spirituelte; but there was none answer gyven at that tyme, for the kyng wold be advysed. After Rupertus, Sygis|mundus was electe and chosen emperiour this same yere, and was emperour seven and twenty yere. This Sygysmundus was kynge of Hongary, whiche was a very crysten and meke man, also devoute and hooly, and after thoppynyon of somme persones worthy to be canonysed. This was a special socour to hooly chirche, whiche he fonde soore afflycte and desolate by the scysme; but he by his merveyllous wysedome and indus|trye socoured it gretely. For he spared not hym self, ne his, vnto the tyme that there was a very and full unyon in the chirche. He hadde nyne bataylles ageynst the Turkes, which he al gate tryumphyng. What shal I saye more, but alle the lawde that hath be gyven to Constantyn, Theodosio, to Charles, to Ottone, and all other emperours worthy to be preysed, maye surely be applyed to this Sygysmunde: he was crowned of Eugenye. After this the royamme of Boheme was a grete parte destroyed by Sygismunde and the prynces of Almayne for the heresye of the Hussytes. And the pope gaf oute a croysye ageynst them. A croysye gyven by the pope is whanne he giveth playne indulgence to them that make warre ageynste hethen men, Turkes or heretykes, or them that be not obedyente to the chirche of Rome. In the same yere Iohan of Badby, a fals Lollar and heretyke, was brente in Smythfeld, whiche bylevyd that the Sacrament was not Goddes bodye.
IN the twellyfth yere of kyng Harry was taken a Squyer of Wales that hadde ben a rebelle and supporter of Owen of Glyn|dor, and he was iuged to deth at London, where he was drawen, hangyd, & quartred, & his four quartres sette vp in four gode townes, and his hede on London brydge. In the thyrtenth yere of his regne deyde Sire Iohan Beauford, Erle of Somersete, capytayne of Calays, and lyeth buryed in the Abbaye of the Tour hylle. The same yere cam the am|bassatours of Fraunce from the duc of Burgoyne to the prynce kynge Henryes sonne for helpe and socour ageynst the duc of Orleaunce. Thenne wente over the Erle of Arondele, the Erle of Kyme, and the lord Cobham, with many other knyghtes and squyers, and had a grete retenew ageynste the duc of
AFTER kynge Harry the fourth regned Harry his sonne, borne at Monmouthe in Walys. This Harry, whiche was the fyfth, after the Conquest, was a noble and wyse man. For after his faders dethe, whanne he hadde take vpon hym to be kynge, he chaunged al his condicions, and was sodenly chaunged, and lefte al his olde wyld maners, and charged alle them that had ben conversaunt in his wylde lyvynge that they shold avoyde his presence and come no more therynne. This man dyde many greete thynges in his dayes, and regned not fully ten yere. For in the tenth yere of his regne, and syx & thyrtty yere of his age, he deyde, and is buryed worshipfully at West|mynstre. In his fyrst yere, anone after he was crowned, whiche was the nynthe day of Apryll, he sente to the Frerys at Langley, where the body of kyng Rychard was buried, and lete the body take oute of therth ageyne, and dyde do bryng it to Westmynstre in a ryal chare coverd with black velvet and baners of dyvers armes about. And alle the horses in the chare were coverd with blac, and beten with dyverse armes, and many a torche brennyng by the chaar till they cam to Westmynstre. And there he lete make a ryall terment, and buryed hym by quene Anne his wyf, as his desyre was. Aboute whoos sepulcre ther stande foure grete tapers con|tynuelly brennynge. And one day in the weke perpetuelly he hath a Dirige with nyne lessons. And on the morne a masse, bothe by note solempnly, on whiche day is gyven also wekely in pens to poure peple enleven schyllynges & viij.d., all or|deyned by this kyng vpon grete payne. And on the day of his annyversary is yerly gyven twenty pond in pens to pour peple. Also this kynge ordeyned by his lyf and founded the Chartrous at Shene. And the hous of Syon of saynt Brygyttes ordre, and dyde moche good to the newerke
Also in this fyrste yere Syre Iohan Oldecastell, lord Cobham, was take and dampned for an heretyk by al hooly chirche, and commyted to the Tour, and from thennes he brake prysonne and escaped. And anone after, he and his complyses con|spyreden the kynges deth and his bretheren, and also the destruction of hooly chirche, For they hadde purposed to have assemblyd by nyght in saynt Gyles felde for tachyevyd
IN the thyrde yere of his regne the emperour of Almayne, Sygysmund, cam in to Englonde, and was receyved worship|fully at Dover by the duc of Gloucetre. And the cyte of London as the mayer, aldermen, and alle the craftes in the moost best wise resseyved hym at Blackheth the seventhe daye of Maye. And at saynt Thomas wateryng the kyng him self with his lordys mette hym and welcomed hym in the moost goodlyest wyse, and toke hym by the honde, and roode forthe with him thurgh the cite, and offrid at Powlis, and thenne rode forth vnto Westmestre, where the king lodged him in his owne palays, and there abode a grete whyle at the kinges coste.
Thenne come the Duc of Holonde in to Englonde, whome the king resseived worshipfully, and lodged him in the bisshop
In the fourthe yere the duc of Bedford, therle of Marche, and other certayne lordes, with theyr retenue, foughten on the see ageynst seven carryks of Gene, and fyfty other vessels, as hulkes, barges, galeys and galyetis. Of whome were taken thre grete caryks with the patrons, and drowned a grete hulke callyd the black hulk of Flaundres; and the remenaunt fledde aweye; and this was done on our Lady day Assumpcion. Also this yere at a parlement holden at Westmynstre was graunted to the kynge an hoole fyftenthe, and a dyme to mayntene with his warrys. And this yere the kynge sayled with al his rete|newe over see in to Normandye ageyne, and landed on Lammas day at Toke; and there at landynge the kynge made eyght and fourty knyghtes. And anone the kynge wanne the toune of Toke and the castel withoute strooke; and he made Syre Iohan Kygley capytayne therof. And thenne the kynge sente therle marchal vnto Louers, whiche they sawted, and anon it was yolden, and therle brought the keyes to the kynge, and the kyng delyverd hym the keyes ageyne, and made hym capy|tayn of Louers. Thenne the kyng wente to Cane and besyeged it, and with asawte entryd the toune and gate it; but the castel helde, and the capytayne desyred respyte of fourten dayes for tabyde rescows, and yf none cam than to delyvere it. The kynge graunted it hym, and vnder the same apooyntement was the cyte of Bayows, with other townes and fortresses vnto the nombre of fourtene: vppon the hyll to fore the castel of Cane the kynge pyght alle his tentes and pavyllons, whiche semed a toune as moche as Cane. And whanne tydynges cam that noo rescowes wolde come, at fourten dayes ende the capytayne delyverd the keyes and castel vnto the kynge. And in lyke wyse was Bayous with other fourtene townes delyverd also. Of whiche townes and castels the kynge made the duk of Clarence capytayne and governour. In Cane the kyng heelde his feste of saynt George, where he made fyftene knyghtes of the bathe. And thenne, er he departed, he gate Valeys, and sente the duc of Gloucetre to Chyrburgh for to geete it, whiche he besyeged, and lay long there. And thus the kyng sente to dyverse
ALSO this same yere hadde ben a pees made and sworne bytwene the duc of Burgoyne and the Dolphyn, whiche were sworn vpon our Lordes body, that they shold love and assyste eche other ageynst theyr enemyes. And after this, contrary to this othe, the Duc Iohan of Burgoyne was slayne and
And this yere in the moneth of August kynge Harry wexe seke at Boys de Vyncent. And whanne he sawe he sholde deye, he made his testament, and ordeygned many thynges nobly for his sowle, and devoutly resseyved alle the ryghtes of hooly chirche, in soo ferforth that whanne he was enoynted he sayd the seryvyse with the preeste; and whanne the vers of the Psalme, Miserere mei, Deus, &c., that was Benigne fac, Domine, in bona voluntate tua Syon, vt edificentur muri Ierusalem, was sayd, he bade tarye there, and sayd thus: "O good Lord thou knowest that myn entent hath ben and yet is yf I myght lyve to reedefye the wallys of Ierusalem," and thenne the preest proceded forth and made an ende. And anone after this mooste noble prynce, vyctoryous kynge, flour in his tyme of Crysten chyvalrye, whome all the world doubted, gaf his soule into the handes of God, & deyde & made an ende of his naturel lyf atte sayd Boys de Vyncent besyde Parys, the syx and thryttyest yere of his age: on whoos soule god have mercy, Amen. Thenne was the bodye enbamed and cered and leyde in a ryall chare, and an ymage lyke vnto hym was leyde vpon the corps open, with dyvers baners and horse covered rychely with tharmes of Englonde and Fraunce, And also the old armes, as saynt Edwardys, saynt Edmonds, and other; with grete multitude of torchys; with whome wente the kyng of Scotlande and many other lordes, whiche accom|panyed the body till it cam vnto Westmynstre by London in Eng|londe. And in every toune by the waye he hadde solempnly his dirige atte even and masse on the morn, and moche Almesse was gyven to poure people. And the seventhe daye of No|vembre after the corps was brought thurgh London with grete reverence and solempnyte vnto the monasterye of Westmynstre, where as he nowe resteth. On whoos tombe is a ryche ymage lyke hym self of sylver and gylt, where he is dayly remembrid and praid for. On whoos sowle, and all Crysten, God have mercy. Amen.
HERE is to be noted that this kynge Harry the fyfthe was a moche noble prynce after he was kyng and crowned. How be
And yet this noble kyng Harry the fyfthe founded two howses of relygion: One callyd Syon, besyde Braynford, of the ordre of saynt Brygytte, both of men and wymmen; And on that other syde of the ryver of Tamyse an hows of monkes of the Chartre|hous, in whiche two places he is contynuelly prayd fore nyghte and day. For ever whanne they of Syon rest they of the Chartrehous done theyr servyce; And in lyke wyse whanne they of the Chartrous rest, the other goon to: and by the ryngyng of the bellys of eyther place, eche knoweth whanne they ende theyr servyse: whiche ben nobly endowed; and done dayely there grete almesse dedes, as in the Chartrehous certayne children ben founde to scole, and at Syon certayne almesse gyven dayly. And yet besyde all this he hath founded a recluse, whiche shal be alwey a preeste, to praye for hym by the sayde Chartrehous, whiche preeste is wel & sufficiently endowed for hym and a servaunt. Loo here maye all prynces take ensample by this noble prynce, that regnynge so lytel tyme, not fully x. yere, dyd so many noble actes, as wel for his sowle to be per|petuelly remembryd & prayde fore, as in his wordly conquestys; and he beynge in his moost lusty age despysed and eschewyd synne, and was vertuous and a grete iustyser, in soo moche that alle the prynces of Crystendom dradde hym, & also of hethenes. And had determyned in hym self, yf God wolde have sparyd hym, that he wold have warryd agayne the Sarasyns: and for to knowe the ayde of other prynces, & all the passages in
AFTER kyng Harry the fyfthe regned Harry his sonne, a childe, and not fully a yere old, whoos regne began the fyrst daye of September the yere of our Lord a thousand four honderd and two and twenty. This kyng beyng in his Cradel, was moche doubted and dradde by cause of the grete Conquest of his fader, and also the wysedome and guydynge of his vncles, the duck of Bedford and the duc of Gloucetre. This yere the xxj. day of Octobre; deyde Charles kyng of Fraunce, and lyeth buryed at saynt Denys; and thenne was the duc of Bedford made regent of Fraunce, and the duc of Gloucetre was made pro|tectour and defendour of Englond. And the fyrst day of Marche after was Syr Wylliam Tayllour, preest, degraded of his preesthode, and on the morne after he was brente in Smythfeld for heresye. This yere Syre Iames Styward, kynge of Scottes, maryed dame Iane, the duchesse doughter of Clarence, of her fyrst husbond therle of Somersete, at saynt Mary Overays. Also this yere, the sevententh day of August, was the bataylle of Vernayl in Perche, bytwene the duc of Bedford, regent of Fraunce, and the Duc of Alaunson, whiche was a greete bataylle. The duc of Bedford hadde on his syde with hym therle of Salesbury Mountagu, the lord Talbotte, and alle the power that they coude make in Normandy, the garnysons kepte, and also many Capytayns with moche peple of the duc of Burgoyns. And on that other syde was the Duc of Alaunson, the duc of Turon that was therle Douglas, therle of Bougham, with many lerdes of Fraunce, and greete companye of Scottes and Army|nakes. And thenne therle Douglas callyd the duc of Bedford Iohan with the leden swerde, and he sente hym worde ageyne that he shold fynde that daye that his swerde was of stele. And soo the bataylle ioyned on bothe sydes, and fought longe, that ther wyst no man who shold have the better a grete whyle; but at last, as God wold, the vyctory fyll on thenglysshe partye. For ther were slayne therle Douglas, whiche a lytel byfore was made duc of Turone, therle of Bowhayn, therle of Almarre, the erle of Tonnar, therle of Vauntedore, and the vysecounte of Nerbonne, whiche was one of them that slewe duk Iohan of Burgoyne knelyng to fore the Dolphyn, and many mo vnto the nombre of ten thousand and moo. And ther was taken pry|sonner
IN the fourth yere, the same nyght that the mayer of London Johan Coventre had taken his charge, was a grete watche in London, for affraye that was bytwene the bisshop of Wynchestre and the duc of Gloucetre, protectour. For the mayer with the peple of the cyte wold abyde by the duc of Gloucetre as pro|tectoure of the royamme, but by labour of lordes that wente bytwene, and in especial by the labour of the prynce of Portyngale, ther was appoyntement taken that there was no harme don. And after the bataylle of Vernoyll in Perche, the Duc of Bedforde cam over in to Englond. And on Whitson|daye this yere, at Leyceter, he dubbed kynge Harry knyght; And forthwith the sayd Harry dubbed alle these knyghtes whoos
This yere, the seuenth day of December, kynge Harry the syxthe was crowned kyng of Fraunce at Parys, in the chirche of our Lady, with grete solempnyte, there beyng present the Cardynal of Englonde, the Duc of Bedforde, and many other lordes of Fraunce and of Englonde. And after this Coro|nacion and grete feste holden at Parys, the kyng retourned from thens to Roan, and soo towarde Calays, And the
ABOUTE this tyme Pope Martyn deyde, and after hym Eugenye the fourthe was pope. This was pesybly chosen in Rome by the Cardynals, and was very and indubytate pope. But shortly after he was putte and expulsed oute of Rome in such wyse that he was fayne to flee naked. In this tyme was the counseylle of Basyle, to whiche counseylle he was cyted to come, and bycause he cam not they deposed hym; but he rought not ne sette not therby, but gate the cyte of Rome, and abode stil pope seventene yere. This yere, aboute Whitsontyde, the Heretyks of Praghe were destroyed For at two iourneyes there were destroyed of them moo than two and twenty thousande with her capytayns, that is to wete, Procapius, Saplico, and Lupus presbiter. Also ther was taken alyve mayster Pyers, clerk, an Englysshman and heretyke. Also this same yere was a grete froste and a stronge duryng enleven wekes, for it beganne on saynt Katheryns even, and lasted vnto saynt Sco|lasticais day in Feverer, in which tyme the vyntage that cam from Bordeux came over Shoters hylle. This yere was the counseyl of Aras, and a greete traytye bytwene the kyng of Englonde and the Frensshe kynge. Where was assemblyd grete many of lordes of bothe partyes. At whiche counseylle was offryd to the kyng of Englond many grete thynges by the moyen of a legate that cam from Rome, which was Cardynal of saynt Crosse, which offres were refused by the Cardynal of
THIS yere was a grete noyse thurgh al Englond, how the duck of Burgoyne wolde come and besyege Calays: wherfor
IN the xvj. yere of kyng Harry deyde Sygysmund Empe|rour of Almayne and knyght of the garter, whose terment the kynge kepte at Pawlys in London ryally, where was made a ryal herse, and the kynge in his astate cladd in blewe was at even at dirige, and on the morne at masse. And after hym was elect & chosen Albert duke of Ostryche, whiche had wedded Sygysmundus doughter, for to be Emperour. This was taken and resseyved to be kyng of Boheme and Ungary by cause of hys wyf that was Sigismundus doughter, whiche lefte after hym none other heyer. This Albert was emperour but one yere, for he was poysond, and soo he deyde; somme saye he deyde of a flyxe, but he was a vertuouse man and pytefulle, soo moche that alle the peple that knewe hym sayde that the worlde was not worthy to have hys presence. In this yere was the kyng of Scottys murthred in his chambre by nyght pytously, whiche kynge had be prysoner xv. yere in Englonde; And they that slewe hym were taken afterward & had cruel iustyce: this yere one Owayn, a squyer of Wales, a man of lowe byrthe, whiche had many a day to fore secretely weddyd quene Kathe|ryn, & had by her thre sones & a doughter, was taken and commaunded to Newgate to prysonne by my lord of Gloucetre, protectour of the royame. And this yere he brake pryson by the mene of a preest that was hys chappelayn: and after he was taken ageyne by my lord Bemond, and brought ageyne to Newegate; whiche afterward was delyverd at large, and one of his sones afterward was made Erle of Rychemond, & another erle of Penbroke, and the thyrde a monk of West|mynstre; whiche monke deyde sone after. This yere also on newyersday at Baynardys castel fyl doune a stak of wode so|deynly at after none, and slewe thre men meschyvously, and foule hurte other. Also at Bedford on a shyreday were eyghten men murthred withoute stroke by fallynge doune of a steyr, as they cam oute of theyr comyn halle, and many foule hurte. In the eyghtenth yere sir Rychard Beauchamp, the good erle of
This yere Syr Rychard Wiche, vycary of Hermettesworth, was degrated of his prysthode at Powlys, and brente at Toure hylle as for an heretyk on saynt Botolphus day. How well at his deth he deyde a good Cristen man, wherfore after his dethe moche people cam to the place where he hadde be brente, and offryd and made a heepe of stones, and sette vp a crosse of tree, and helde hym for a saynt, till the mayer and shreves, by commaundement of the kynge and bisshops, destroyed it, and made there a donghyll. Also this same yere the shreves of London fette oute of Saynt Martyns the graunte the sayntuarye fyve personnes, whiche afterward were restored ageyne to the sayntuarye by the kynges Iustyces. After Alberte, the thyrde Frederyk was chosen Emperour. This Frederyk duke of Ostryche was longe Emperour, and differyd for to be crowned at Rome by cause of the scysme, but after that vnyon was had, he was crowned with Imperyal dyademe, with grete glorye and tryumphe, of pope Nycholas the fourth. This was a man pesyble, quyete and of synguler pacyence, not hatyng the chirche: he wedded the kyng of Portyngales doughter.
IN this yere dame Elyanore Cobham, duchesse of Gloucetre, was arestyd for certayne poyntes of treasonne leyd ageyn her; wherupon she was examyned in saynt Stevens chapel at West|mynstre
IN this yere kyng Harry maryed at Southwerke quene Margrete; And she cam to London the eyghtenth day of Maye; And by the waye alle the lordes of Englonde resseyved her worshipfully in dyverse places, and in especial the duc of Glou|cetre. And on Blackheth the mayer, Aldermen, and alle the craftes, in blewe gownes browdred with the devyse of his crafte that they myght be byknowen, mette wyth her with reede hoodes, and brought her to London, where were dyverse pagentis and countenaunces of dyverse historyes shewyd in dyverse places of the cyte ryally and costlewe. And the thyrttyest daye of Maye the sayd quene was crowned at West|mynstre. And there was Iustys thre dayes duryng within the sayntuarye to fore thabbay. This yere the pryour of Kyl|mayn appeled therle of Urmond of treasonne, whiche hadde a day assygned to them for to fyghte in Smythfeld, and the lystys were made and feelde dressyd. But whanne it cam to poynt the kynge commaunded that they shold not fyghte, but toke the quarels in to his owne honde; and this was doone at the instaunce and labour of certayne prechours & doctours of London, as mayster Gylbert Worthyngton, parson of saynt Andrews in Holborne and other. Also this yere cam a grete ambassate in to Englonde oute of Fraunce, for to have con|cluded a perpetuel pees; but in conclusion it torned vnto a triews of a yere. Aboute this tyme deyde saynt Bernardyn, a gray frere, whiche beganne the newe reformacion of that ordre in many places, in so moche that they that were reformed ben callyd observauntes, whiche observauntes ben encreaced gretely in Italye and in Almayne. This Bernardyn was canonysed by pope Nycholas the fyfthe, in the yere thousand foure C. and fyfty. Iohannes de Capestrano was his disciple, whiche
IN the yere xxv. of kynge Harry was a parlement at Bury, callyd saynt Edmondesburye, aboute whiche was commanded alle the comyns of the contre to bee there in theyr most defen|sable araye for to awayte vpon the kyng. To whiche parle|ment cam the duc of Gloucetre, Hunfreye, the kynges vncle whiche hadd ben protectour of Englonde alle the nonage of the kyng. And anone after he was in his lodgyng, he was arestyd by the vysecounte Bemond, the conestable of Englonde, whome accompanyed the Duc of Bokyngham and many other lordes. And forthwith alle his servauntes were comaunded
IN the yere of kyng Harry xxvij., beynge trewes bytwene Fraunce and Englond, a knyght of the Englysshe partye named Sir Fraunceys Aragonys toke a towne of Normandy named Fogyers, ageynst the trewes, of whiche takynge byganne moche sorowe and losse. For this was the occasion by whiche the Frensshe men gate all Normandy. This yere a squyer of Englond named Chalons dyde armes with a knyght of Fraunce named Syre Lowys de Buyel to fore the Frensshe kynge, and ranne the Frensshe knyght thurgh with a spere, and slewe hym in the felde.
In the yere xxviij. was a parlement holden at Westmynstre, and from thennes adiourned to the black Frerys at London, and after Crystemasse to Westmynstre ageyne. And this same yere Robert of Cane, a man of the west contre, with a fewe ships toke an hole flote of shippes comynge oute of the baye laden with salt, whiche shippes were of Pruys, Flaundrys, Holand, and Zeland, and brought hem to Hampton. Wherfor the mar|chauntis of Englond beynge in Flaundres were arestyd in Brugys, Ipre, and other places, and myght not be delyvered ner theyr dettys dyscharged till they had made apoyntement for to paye for the amendes and hurtes of tho shippes, which was payd by the marchauntes of the staple every peny. And in lyke wyse
THIS yere of our Lord a thousand four honderd & fyfty was the grete grace of the Iubilee at Rome, where was greete
IN the yere thyrtty the duck of York cam oute of the march of Wales with therle of Devenshyre and the lord Cobham with grete puyssaunce, for reformacion of certayne iniuryes and wronges, and also to have iustyce on certayne lordes beynge aboute the kyng, and toke a felde at Brentheth besyde Dertford in Kent, whiche was a stronge felde; for whiche cause the kyng with alle the lordes of the lande went vnto the Blackheth with a grete multitude of peple armed and ordeyned for the warre in the best wyse. And whanne they had musteryd on the Blackheth, certayne lordes were sente to hym for to treate and make appoyntement with hym, whiche were the Bisshop of Ely and the Bisshop of Wynchestre, and the erles of Salysbury and of Warwyk. And they concluded that the duck of Somer|sete sholde be hadde to ward, and to answere to suche artycles as the duk of York sholde putte to hym, And thenne the duc of York shold breke his felde and come to the kyng, whiche was all promysed by the kyng. And soo the kyng commaunded that the duke of Somersete sholde be had in warde. And thenne the duck of York brake vp his felde, and cam to the kynge; and whanne he was come, contrary to the promyse a fore made, the duke of Somersete was presente in the felde awaytyng and chyef aboute the kyng, and made the duke of York ryde tofore as a prysoner thurgh London, and after they
In the yere of oure lorde a thousand four honderd and thre and fyfty, the cyte of Constantynople, themperyal cyte of Grece, was taken by the Turke, the Emperour slayne, and in|numerable Crysten peple destroyed and put in captyvyte; by whiche pryse Crysten feyth perysshed in Grece, and the Turke enhaunced gretely in pryde. And the yere of our lord a thousand four honderd and thre and fyfty, on saynt Edwardes day, the quene Margaret was delyverd of a fayre prynce, whiche was named Edward. That same day Iohan Norman was chosen for to be mayer of London. And the day that he shold take his othe at Westmynstre, he went thyder by water with alle the craftes; where afore tyme, the mayer, aldermen and al the craftes rode a horsback, whiche was never vsyd after. For syn that tyme they have ever goone by water in barges. Ye have wel vnderstande tofore how that, contrarye to the promyse of the kynge and the duke of York at Brentheth, the duke of Somersete wente not to ward, but abode about the kyng, and hadde grete rewle, and was made capytayne of Calays, and rewlyd the kynge and the royamme as he wolde; wherfore the grete lordes of the royamme and also the comons were not plesyd; for whiche cause the duke of York, the Erles of Warwyck and of Salysbury, with many knyghtes and squyers and moch peple, cam for to remeve the sayd duke of Somersete and other fro the kynge. And the kynge, heryng of theyr comyng, thought by his counseylle for to have gone westward, and not for to mete with hem. And hadde with hym the Duke of Somersete, the Ducke Bokyng|ham, the erle of Stafford, therle of Northumberlond, the lord Clyfford, and many other. And what tyme that the Duk of York and his felawship vnderstode that the kynge was de|parted with these sayd lordes from London, anone he chaunged his wey, and costed the countrey, & cam to saynt Albons the thre and twentyest daye of Maye, and ther mette
THIS yere were taken four grete fysshes bytwene Eerethe and London: that one was callyd mors maryne, the second a swerd fysshe, the other tweyne were whales. In this yere, for certayne effrayes done in the north countre bytwene the lord Egremond and therle of Salysburyes sones, the sayd lord Egremonde whom they had taken, was condempned in a grete somme of money to the sayd erle of Salysbury, and therfor commysed to prison in Newgate in London, where whanne he hadde ben a certayne space, brake pryson, and thre prysoners with hym, and escaped, & went his way. Also this yere therle of Warwyk and his wyf wente to Calays with a fayr felawship & toke possession of hys offyce. Aboute this tyme was a grete reformacion of many monasteryes of relygyon in dyverse partyes of the world, whiche were reformed after the fyrst institucion, and continued in many places. Also about this tyme the crafte of enpryntyng was fyrst founde in Magounce in Almayne, whiche crafte is multyplyed thurgh the
This yere was a grete batayll in the marches bytwene Hongary and Turkye at a place callyd Septegrade, where innumerable Turkes were slayn, more by myracle than by mannes hond. For only the honde of God smote them; Seint Iohn of Capestrane was there presente, & provoked the cristen peple, beyng thenne aferd to poursiewe the Turkes, where an infynyte multitude were slayn and destroyed: the Turkes sayd that a grete nombre of armed men folowed them, that they were aferd to tourne ageyne; they were holy angels. This yere the prysonners of Newgate in London brake theyr prysonne, and wente vpon the leedes, and fought ageynst them of the cyte, and kept the gate a long while; but atte last the toune gate the prysonne on them, and than they were put in fetherys and yrons, and were soore punysshed in ensample of other. In this yere also was a grete erthquave in Naples, in soo moche that there perysshed fourty thousand peple that sanke there in to therthe. Item, In the yere six and thyrtty saynt Osmond, somtyme bisshop of Salys|bury, was canonysed at Rome by pope Calyxt; And the sixtenthe daye of Iuyll he was translated at Salysbury by the Archebisshop of Caunterbury and many other bisshops. And in August after, Syre Pyers de Bresey, seneschal of Normandy, with the capitayne of Depe, and many other capytaynes and men of war, went to the see with a grete navye, and cam in to the downes by nyght; and on the morne erly byfore day they londed, and cam to Sandwyche both by land and water, and toke the towne and ryfled and despoilled it, and toke many prysoners, and left the toune al bare, whiche was a ryche place and moche good therynne, and ladde with hem many rych prysoners. In this yere in many places of Fraunce, Almayne, Flaundres, Holond, and Zelond, children gadred them by grete companyes for to goo on pylgremage to saynt Mychels mount in Normandye, whiche cam fro fer contreyes, wherof the peple merveylled, and many supposyd that somme wycked spryte mevid them to soo doo: but it endured not longe by cause of the longe way, and also for lack of vytayll as they wente. In this yere Raynold Pecok, Bisshop of Chychestre, was founden an heretyke, and the thyrrde day of December was abiured at Lambhyth, in the presence of the Archebisshop of Caunterbury and many Bisshops and doctours and lordes temporall, and his bookes brente at Poulus crosse. Ye have herde to fore how certayne lordes were slayne at saynt Albons, wherfore was alwey a grutche and wrath had by the eyres of them that were soo slayne ageynst the Duke of Yorke, the Erles of Warwyck and of Salysbury, wherfor the kyng by thadvys of his counseylle sente for them to London. To whiche place the Duke of York
ALSO this same yere, as the Erle of Warwyk was at a coun|seyll at Westmynstre, alle the kynges houshold meyny gadred them to geder for to have slayne the sayd erle; but by helpe of god and his frendes he recoveryd his barge, and escaped theyr evyll enterpryse. How wel the coques cam rennynge oute with spyttes and pestels ageynst hym. And the same day he roode toward Warwyk, and sone after he gate hym a commyssion, and wente ouer see to Calays. Sone after this therle of Salys|bury, comyng to London, was encountrid at Bloreheth with the lord Audeley, & moche other peple ordeyned for to have des|tressid him; but he havynge knowleche that he shold be mette with, was accompanyed with his twoo sonnes, sir Thomas and Johan Neuyll, and a greete felawship of good men. And soo they mette and foughte togeders, where therle of Salysbury wanne the feld. And the lord Audeley was slayn, and many gentill men of Chesshyre, and moche peple hurte. And therles twoo sonnes were hurte, and goynge homeward afterward they were taken, and had to Chestre by the quenes meyne. After Calyxte, Pius was pope, and was chosen this yere 1458. And he was callyd to fore Eneas, an eloquent man and a poete
Also he canonysed saynt Katheryne of Senys. This pope ordeyned grete Indulgences and pardonne to them that wolde go warre ageynst the Turke, and wrote an epystle to the grete Turke, exortynge hym to become Crysten. And in the ende he ordeyned a passage ageynst the Turke at Ankone, whiche moche peple drewe out of all partyes of Crystendome; of whiche peple he sente many hoome ageyne by cause they suf|fysed not. And anone after he deyde at the same place of Ancone, the yere of our Lord a thousand four honderd and lvij., the xiiij. day of August. In the yere eyght and thyrtty of kyng Harry, the duke of Yorke, the Erles of Warwyck and Salysbury, sawe the governaunce of the royamme stode moost by the quene and her counseylle, and how the grete prynces of the londe were not callyd to counseylle, but sette aparte; & not only soo, but that it was sayd thurgh the royame that tho sayde lordes shold be destroyed vtterly, as it openly was shewed atte Bloreheth by them that wold have slayne the Erle of Salesburye. Thenne they for savacion of theyr lyves, and also for the comyn wele of the royame, thought for to remedye thyse thynges, assemblyd them to gyder with moche peple, and toke a feld in the West countray, to whiche the Erle of War|wyck cam from Calays with many of thold soudyours, as Andrew Trollop and other, in whos wysedomes as for the warre he moche trusted; and whanne they were thus assemblyd and made theyr felde, the kynge sente oute his commissyons and prevy sealys vnto alle the lordes of his royamme to come and awayte on hym in theyr mooste defensable wyse; and soo every man cam, in suche wyse that the kynge was strenger and hadde moche more peple than the duc of York and the Erles of Warwyck and Salysbury. For it is here to be noted that euery lord in Englond at this tyme durst not dysobey the quene. For she rewlyd peasybly all that was done aboute the kynge, which was a good symple and innocent man. And thenne whanne the kyng was comen to the place where as they were, the duck of Yorke and his felawship had made theyr feld in the strengest wyse, and hadde purposed veryly to abyden and have foughten. But in the nyght Andrew Trollop and all the olde Soudyours of Calays, with a greete felawshippe, sodaynly departed oute of the dukes hooste, and wente strayte vnto the kynges felde, where they were resseyved ioyously. For they knewe the entente of the other lordes, and also the maner of theyr feld. And thenne the duck of York with the other lordes, seynge them so deceyved, toke a counseylle shortly in that same nyghte, and departed from the felde, levynge behynde them the mooste part of theyr people to kepe the felde till on
THENNE kynge Harry beynge with his hooste in the felde, not knowynge of this sodayne departynge, on the morne fonde none in the felde of the sayde lordes, sente oute in all haste men to folowe and poursiewe after to take hem, but they mette not with them, as God wold; and thenne the kyng wente to Lud|lowe, and dispoylled the castel and the toune, and sent the duchesse of York with her children to my lady of Bokyngham her suster, where she was kepte longe after. And forthwith the kynge ordeyned the duc of Somersete capytayne of Calays. And these other lordes, soo departed as afore is sayd, were proclamed rebellys and grete traytours. Thenne the duke of Somersete toke to hym alle the soudyours that departed fro the felde, and made hym redy in alle haste to goo to Calys and take possession of his offyce. And whanne he cam he fonde the Erle of Warwyck therin as capytayne, And therles of Marche and Salysbury also. And thenne he londed by Scales, and wente to Guysnes, and there he was resseyved. And it fortuned that somme of tho shippis that cam over with hym came in to Calays haven by theyr free wylle, for the shipmen ought more favoure to the Erle of Warwyck than to the Duke of Somersete.
In whiche shippes were taken dyverse men, as Ienyn Fynk|hyll, Iohan Felaw, Kaylles and Purser, whyche were byheded sone after in Calays. And after this dayly cam men over see to thyse lordes to Calays, and byganne to wexe strenger and strenger. And they borowed moche good good
Thenne the kynges counseylle seynge that these lordes had goten these shippes from Sandwiche to abyde and kepe the toune, and made one Mountford capytayne of the Toune, and that noo man ne vytaylle ne marchaunt that sholde goo in to Flaundres shold not goo to Calys. Thenne they of Calays seynge this, made out mayster Denham and many other to goo to Sandwiche. And soo they dyde, and assaylled the toune by water and by lande, and gate it, and brought Mountford theyr Capytayne over see to Rysebank, and there smote of his heede. And yet dayly men cam over to them oute of alle partyes of Englond.
AND after this the sayd erles of Marche, Warwyk, and of Salysbury cam over soe to Dover with moche peple, and there landed, to whome al the countray drewe, and cam to London armed. And for to late the lordes of the kynges counseylle knowe theyr trouth, and also theyr entente, assemblyd them and told them, that they entended no harme vnto the kynges personne, sauf that they wold putte fro hym suche persones as were aboute hym. And soo departed fro London with a grete puyssaunce toward Norhampton, where the kynge was accom|panyed with many lordes, and had made a stronge felde with|oute the toun. And there both partyes mette, and was foughten a grete bataylle. In which batayll were slayne the duck of Bokyngham, therle of Shrowesbury, the vysecounte Beamond, the lorde Egremond, and many knyghtes and Squyers and other
THENNE for as moche as the quene with the prynce was in the northe, and absented her from the kyng, and wolde not obeye suche thynges as was concluded in the parlement, hit was ordeyned that the duck of York as protectour shold go norward for to brynge in the quene, and subdue suche as wold not obeye; with whome wente the erle of Salysbury, Syre Thomas Nevylle his sonne, with moche peple. And at Wakefelde in Crystemasse weke they were alle overthrowen and slayn by the lordes of the quenes partye, that is to wete the duk of York slayn, therle of Rutland, Syre Thomas Nevyll and many moo. Therle of Salysbury was taken a lyve, and other, as Iohan Harow of London, capytayne of the foote men, and Hanson of Hulle, whiche were brought to Pountfret, and there after byheded and theyr hedes sente to Yorke and sette vpon the yates. And thus was that noble prynce slayne the duke of Yorke, on whoos sowle & on alle Crysten sowles God have
THENNE whanne the Erle of Marche and therle of Warwyk hadde mette to geder on Cottiswold, incontynent they con|cluded to go to London, and sente worde anone to the mayer and to the cyte that they shold come. Anone the cyte was gladde of theyr comynge, hopynge to be relyevyd by them. And soo they cam to London: and whanne they were comen and hadde spoken with the lordes and astates, thenne beyng there, concluded, for as moche as kynge Harry was gone with them northward, that he had forfayted his crowne and ought to be deposed, acordyng vn to the actes made and passed in the last parlement. And soo by thadvys of the lordes spirituel and temporel thenne beynge at London, the erle of Marche Edward, by the grace of God oldest sone of Rychard duke of Yorke, as ryghtful heyr and next enherytour to his fader, the fourthe day of Marche the yere of oure lorde Lix., toke possession of the royamme of Englond at Westmynstre in the grete halle, and after in the chirche of the abbay, and offryd as kynge, berynge the septre royall; to whom alle the lordes, bothe spirituel and temporell, dyde hommage and obeyssaunce as to theyr soverayne, lyege, and lawful lord and kynge. And forthwith it was pro|clamed thurgh the cyte, kyng Edward the fourthe of that name. And anone after the kyng rode in his ryall astate norward with all his lordes for to subdue his subgettis that tyme beyng in the north, and tavenge his faders deth. And on Palmsonday after he hadde a grete bataylle in the northe countrey, at a place callyd Towton, not fer fro Yorke, where, with the helpe of God, he gate the felde and had the vyctorye; where were slayne of his adversaryes xxx. thousand men & moo, as it was sayd by men that were there. In whiche bataylle was slayne the erle of Northumberlond, the lord Clyfford, Syr Iohan Nevyll, the Erle of Westmerlandes brother, Andrewe Trollop, and many other knyghtes and squyers. Thenne kyng Harry that had ben kynge, beynge with the quene and prynce at Yorke, heerynge the losse of that feld and soo moche peple slayn and over|throwen, anone forthwith departed al thre, with the duc of Somersete, the lord Roos and other, toward Scotland. And the next daye kynge Edward with all his armye entryd in to Yorke, and was there proclamed kyng, and obeyed as he ought to be. And the mayer, aldermen and comyns sworne to be his lyege men, and whanne he hadde taryed a while in the north, and that alle the countrey there had tourned to him, he retorned south|warde, levynge the Erle of Warwyck in tho partyes for to kepe and governe that countrey. And about mydsomer after, the yere
And here I make an end of this lytel werke, as nygh as I can fynde after the forme of the werk tofore made by Ranulph monk of Chestre. And where as ther is fawte, I beseche them that shal rede it to correcte it, for yf I coude have founden moo storyes I wold have sette in hit moo; but the substaunce that I can fynde and knowe I have shortly sette hem in this book, to thentente that such thynges as have ben done syth the deth or ende of the sayd boke of Polychronycon shold be had in remembraunce and not putte in oblyvyon ne forgetynge; prayenge all them that shall see this symple werke to pardone me of my symple and rude wrytynge. Ended the second day of Iuyll, the xxij. yere of the regne of kynge Edward the fourth, & of the incarnacion of oure Lord a thousand four honderd four score and tweyne.