Frühmittelenglische Sprichwörter, [Englische Studien 31 (1900)]Förster, Max17 pages, ca. 58 kbUniversity of Michigan LibraryAnn Arbor, Michigan2018CME0013908895506
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Englische studien. Zeitschrift für englische Philologie.unknownunknownunknown
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English, Middle (1100-1500) Verband der deutschen neuphilologischen lehrerschaft.Language and languages.Literature.8-24-16lattajMURPAdded TEMPHEAD, checked ID, and added TYPEs to DIVs in order to validate. Checked for N=""s. Checked for GROUP tags. Proofed title. Checked s. Reviewed structure; added HEAD text and BYLINE text; removed prose fragment at beginning; restructured throughout, adding ABs, LABELs, LBs, and removing Ls and LGs. Checked placement and completeness of PBs; moved numerous PBs. Checked for damage GAPs, #s, @s, --s, and UNCLEARs. Corrected [dollar]s. Checked for &cs with incorrect spacing. Checked for LBs. Checked for startqs and endqs, abq's, oes, qs, Ae's, and Qs. Checked proofsheets and made corrections. Checked italic I / J and U / V. Checked for missing page GAPs. Checked for EPIGRAPHs and ARGUMENTS. Checked CLOSERs, OPENERs, SIGNEDs, SALUTEs, TRAILERs, BYLINEs. Checked decorated initials. Checked FIGUREs. Sample: 2 minutes. Proofing: 0 minutes. Tag review and corrections: 50 minutes. DONE.139CME00139CME00139
Die mittelenglische Sprichwörtersammlung in Douce 52.
Von Max Förster.He þat doth as can,
Blame hym no man.Non est culpandus faciens quod scit, sed amandus.
De hac litera D.
He þat a lytul me ȝeuyth, to me wyllyth longe lyffe.
Qui modicum mihi dat,mihi vitam longius optat.Ȝefe me and I the,
And so schul we frendus be.
Des mihi demque tibi;sic nos iungemur amici.Oft bryngeth on day, 4. Rawlinson-Prov. (Engl. Stud. XXI 16): On dai bringd, thet al ier ne mai; J. Heywood's Proverbs, 1546 (ed. Sharman S. 67): It hapth in one houre, that hapth not in seven yeare.Þat all þe ȝere not may.
Sepe dat vna dies, fert1annus quod nequeLies ferre und nequit (Bradley).vnus.
Better is herde sorow þan seen.
Est dolor auditu tollerabilior tibi visu.Euer is my tonge, þer the toth akys.
Quo dolor est dentis, versatur lingua dolentis.
Ferre jfet and dere j-bowȝt is goode for ladys. 7. J. Heywood S. 67: Deare bought and far fet are dainties for Ladies; Lyly's Euphues, 1579 (ed. Arber p. 93): Farre fet and deere bought is good for Ladyes; Stubbs, Anatomy of Abuses, 1583 (Oxf. Dict.): Farre fetched and deare boughte is good for Ladyes; J. Marston, Malcontent, 1604 (bei Sharman): Some far fet trick, good for ladies; Beaumont & Fletcher, Wit at Several Weapons, 1647 (bei Sharman): Far fetched; therefore good for you, lady; De∣foe, Tour Gr. Brit., 1769 (Oxf. Dict.): Farfetch'd, and dear bought, is fittest for the Ladies.Res longe lata bene fit dominabus amata.After mete disshes ben rybeLies rive (H. Bradley)..
Crebrescunt vacui certe post prandia disci.Helpe God and haue alle 9. Vgl. Havelock 648: Þer God wile helpen, nouht ne dereth (?).Det Deus auxilium, fiat et omne suum.
At euene prayse þe fayre day. 10. Hendyng, Cambr. Hs. Nr. 34: At eve man scal þe dai heri und Oxf.|Hs. Nr. 33: At even me shal preisen þe feire dai.Vespere detur ei, si laus sit danda diei.Seldun comyth on harme and no mo.
Who is ferre from his disshe, is nyhgh his harme.
Blessyd be þe peny, þat bryngyth too home.
Of a litul me ȝeuyth a litul.
The nere the chyrche, þe fer fro Crist. 15. J. Heywood S. 35: The neer to the church, the further from God.
De hac litera E.
Spende, and God wyl sende; 16. J. Heywood S. 115 nur: Ever spare, and ever bare.Spare, and euere bare.Expendas late, mittet Deus omnia grate.Short hors is son j-curryed. 17. J. Heywood S. 39: A short horse is soone currid.Sufficit exiguo strigilatio curta caballo.Euer lenger, þe wors lokys þe blynde hors.
Semper cecus equus spectat peius et puto peius.
Who-so wyl abyde, 19. Alisaundre V. 4291: He that can his tyme abide, Ofte he schal his wille betyde. Vgl. Hendyng Harl.-Hs. Nr. 31: Wel abit, þat wel may þolye und Oxf. Hs. Nr. 41: Muchel of his wille abit, þat wel may þolien (Kneuer S. 23).He schal wel be-tyde.
While þe grasse growes, þe goode hors sterues. 20. Capgrave, Life of St. Katherine, ca. 1440 (Oxf. Dict.): The gray hors, whyl his gras growyth, May sterue for hunger; R. Hilles, Common∣Place Book, ca. 1530 (Oxf. Dict.): Whyle the grasse growyth, the hors stervyth;J. Heywood S. 64: While the grasse groweth, the horse starveth; Whetstone, Promos and Cassandra, 1578 (bei Malone und Sharman): Whylst grass doth growe, oft sterves the seely steede; Harl. Ms. 2321 (16. Jh. = Reliquiae An∣tiquae I 208): While the grasse growes, the steede starves; The Paradise of Daintie Devises, 1578 (Malone): While grass doth growe, the silly horse he starves; Shakspere, Hamlet III 2, 327: I sir, but 'while the grasse growes',—the prouerbe is something musty (Q2).Who-so goth to chirch aȝenst his will, he comyth home acursyd.
When þe hors is stole, steke þe stabull-dore.22. J. Heywood S. 44: When the steede is stolne, shut the stable durre; Devises of Sundrie Gentlemen (bei Sharman): The steede was stollen, before I shut the gate.While þe hors kykys, war that he the ne smyte.
Hit is better not to be, than not to well beVielleicht well to be?.
Prestat non esse, quam non feliciter esse.Who-so byldeth after euery man his howse, hit schall stonde a-croke.
Kepe þe fro care,And blesse þe fro þe mare.
De hac litera F.
Who-so sparyth to speke, sparyth to spede.27. J. Heywood S. 67: Spare to speak, spare to speed.Hungur brekyth stone and walle.28. J. Heywood S. 82: Hunger pearceth stone wall; Shakspere, Corio∣lanus I 1, 210: Hunger broke stone-walls; Topsell Serpents, 1608 (Oxf. Dict.): Hunger breaketh stone-walls.Hungur makyth harde benys swete.29. J. Heywood S. 50: Hunger maketh hard beans sweet.Welle were hym, þatLies þat wist. to wham he myȝhty ist aus ȝ verbessert. trist, 30. Aschmole Ms. 1438 (XV. Jh.) II p. 82 (Catal. Codd. Mss. Bodleianae P. X 1845): Wel were hym, þat wyst, / to wham he moght trist / yn tyme off nede: / Beter were he, þat knew / the falce fro the trew / clothyd yn oon wede.And so were hym, þat knew false fro þe trewe.
Est bene, qui noscet, in quo confidere quiretProf. P. Wolters schlägt vor, wegen noscet hier posset zu lesen..
Felix qui sciret, in quo confidere quiret;Sic et qui fidumLies infidum (H. Bradley).cognorouerit et modo fidum.
Euyl spunnun ȝerne comyth euyll oute.31. Hendyng, Harl.-Hs. Nr. 34: Euer out comeþ euel sponne web, Oxf.-Hs. Nr. 37: Evere comeþ out uvel sponnen wolle, Cambr.-Hs. Nr. 39: Ever comith out liþre spon web; Towneley Mysteries II 435: Ill spon weft ay comes foul out; How the Wise Man taught his Son V. 7 f.: But ȝarn that is oft-tyme yll sponne, Euyll hyt comys out at the last.Do welle and haue welle. 32. J. Heywood S. 153: Doe well and have well.RodunWohl mit H. Bradley in Bodun zu verbessern. seruycys stynkys. 33. Chaucer, Cant. Tales G 1066: Profred servyse stynketh (Haeckel S. 47); J. Heywood S. 105.: Proferd service stinketh.Omnibus oblatus sordere solet famulatus.
Welle worth alle-moost done.Res bene laudatur; cum ferme perficatur.
Ese makyth thefe. 35. Hali Meidenhad S. 17: Eise makeđ þeof.On betyth þe buske, a-noþer hatheLies hath the. brydde. 36. Ipomadon V. 6021 f.: On the bushe bettes one, A-nothere man hath the bryde; Gower, Conf. Am. II 2355 f: He... takth the bridd to his beyete, Wher othre men the buisshes bete; Lydgate, Falls of Princes I 14, 41: One beateth the bush, another hath the sparrow; Generides V. 4524: Some bete the bussh, and some the byrdes take; J. Heywood S. 13: While I ... beate the bush, ... other men ... catch the burdes; H. Pettowe, Philochasander and Elanira, 1599 (bei Sharman): I beat the bush, and others catch the bird.Yf þou wylle hole be, lete all frute be.
Þe last worde byndeth þe tale. 38. Sarmun, ab. 1300, V. 211 (Early English Poems, ed. Furnivall, S. 6 = Mätzner Sprachproben I 119): þe last word bint þe tale.
[G].
A cock were a feyre fowle, nere he wherewhere ist zu streichen. ofte j-seyn.
All hit is for wo,
Þat þe hen synges in snowe.
Þe grace of God is better þen III feyrys.
Gratia diuina valet vltra quam fora bina.Þe tonge brekyth bon 42. Siehe meine Zusammenstellungen Engl. Stud. XXXI 6.And hath hym-selfe non.
As þe cocke croweth, so þe chekyn lernyth. 43. J. Heywood S. 39: The yong cocke croweth, as he the old heareth; Barclay, Shyp of Folys, 1570 (Oxf. Dict.): The yonge Cocke lerneth to crow hye of the olde; Puttenham, English Poesie (Arber S. 199): As the olde cocke crowes, so doeth the chick.Thow hast bore þe welle.
Tu bene gessisti seu te bene nunc habuisti.Spele Frenssh and construe art,
And þou schalt selde com to thy part.
He was neuer wyse,
Þat went on þe yse.
A scalde mannys hede is lefe to breke. 47. Harl.-Ms. 3362 (Ende 15. Jh.): A scallyd mannys hed ys good to be broke—Frangitur ex facili caput infantis glabriosi; J. Heywood S. 103: A scald head is soone broken.Who-so comyth late to his in, schall erly for-thynke. 48. Vgl. J. Heywood S. 168: He that commeth last to the pot, is soonest wroth.Better is worship then þe full wombe.
De hac litera I.
Fayre and softe me ferre gose.
Where no fyre, is no smoke. 51. J. Heywood S. 120: No fire without some smoke.Brende chylde fyre dredis. 52. Hendyng, Cambr.-Hs. Nr. 22: Brande [Brend Harl. u Oxf.] childe fire [fur Harl, fuir Oxf.] dredit [dredeþ Harl., fordredeþ Oxf.]; Michel of Northgate, Ayenbite S. 116: Þe ybernde uer dret: Chaucer, Rom. Rose V. 1820: Brent child of fier hath myche drede; Lydgate, Chorl and Bird Nr. 26: Brent childe dredethe fire; J. Heywood S 94: Burnt child fire dredth; Coverdale, Spir. Perle, 1550 (Oxf. Dict.): A burnt hande dreadeth the fire; Timon, ca. 1590 (ed. Dyce S. 89; bei Sharman): A burnt childe dreads the ffyre; Lauderdale Papers, 1674 (Oxf. Dict.): A burn'd child dreads the fire.Vnbodun gest not, where he shall sytte.
Ignorat sedem non inuitatus ad edem.Hit is mery a manHs. aman. to syt by his owne fyre.Of a lytul sparkull comyth a grete fyre.55. Burgh's Cato V. 449: Off brandis smale be maad thes fires grete.A man, wote, when he goes; but he wote not, when he comys.
As long leuyth a mery man as a sory. 57. D. Lyndesay, Sat. 105 f.: For as lang leifis the mirrie man, As the sorie (Kissel Nr. 49).
De litera L.
When game is best, 58. Proverbis of Wysdom V. 50 (15. Jh.), ed. Zupitza in Archiv f. d. Stud. d. n. Sprach. XC 241 ff.: When game is best, is tyme to lete.Hit is tyme to rest.
Lothe to bedde and lothe fro bedde me schall know þe slow.
I wyll prayse my-selfe, syn no manHs. noman. ellys wyll.
Holde þy tonge and holde þy frende. 61. Chaucer, Cant. Tales I 319: Keepe wel thy tonge and keepe thy freend; Peter Idle, Instructions to his Son (ed. Miesner, Greifswald 1903) V. 335: Kepe thy tonge and kepe thy frende.Who-so hath an euyll tonge,
Euer he spekyth, that is wrong.
By the litul welpys me chastys þe lyon. 63. Chaucer, Cant. Tales F 490: By the whelpe chasted is the leoun; G. Herbert, Jacula Prudentum, vor 1640 (Skeat's Chaucer V 384): Beat the dog before the lion; Shakspere, Othello II 3, 272: even so as one would beat his offenceless dog to affright an imperious lion.Do thow better, do thow worse, 64. J. Heywood S. 21 nur: Doe you after him, that beareth the purse.Do after hym, that beryth the purse.
De hac litera M.
Mykull wulle more.On begger is wo, þat anothir in to þe towne goth. 66. Taverner, Erasmus' Proverbs, 1552 (Oxf. Dict.): One begger byddeth wo, that another by the dore shuld go.TheBradley schlägt Ther für The vor. schall no manHs. noman. bete ne bynde a messyngLies messynger..
Non decet artare, qui mittitur, atLies aut.religare.Erly mayster, longe knaue. 68. Prouerbis of Wysdom V. 38: To erly mayster, the sonner knave.There ben women, there ben wordis;
There ben gese, there ben tordys.
Many hondys makyn lyȝthLies lyȝt. worke. 70. Sir Beues V. 3012: Many handes make lyght warke; How the Goode Wife taught hir Daughter (15. Jh.) V. 115: Many handys make light werke; J. Heywood S. 114: Many hands make light warke; Taverner, Erasmus' Prov., 1552 (Oxf. Dict.): Many handes make a lyghte burthen; F. Hawkins, Youth's Behaviour, 1663 (Oxf. Dict.): Many hands make light work.He comys not to late,
Þat any gode is y-shape.
Non mora fit dura, bona cui sunt vlla futura.Seldun getes þe dom man gode. 72. Digby Ms. 53 (Engl. Stud. XXXI 15): Selden gifis men dumb man land (13. Jh.); Rawl. A 273 (a. a. O.): Seld men gyfth a dumbe man lond.He is as clene, as cattus hadde lykkyd hym.I kepe no more but the skyn of the catt. 74. Vgl. J. Heywood S. 162: Hee can have no more of the foxe but the skin.For the lesse me lefus the more.Who-so nouȝt dois, nouȝt seruyth. 76. Vgl. Chaucer, Cant. Tales B 1820: Yvele shal have, that yvele wol deserve.Nil homini detur, qui nil sudans operetur.
Maner makys man.77. Prouerbis of Wysdom V. 59: Euer maner and clothyng makyth man, und dazu Zupitzas reiche Nachweise auf S. 254. Ausserdem Barclay, Shyp of Folys, 1509 (Oxf. Dict.): Maners makyth man; W. de Worde's Druck von Lydgate's Horse, Goose and Sheep, Appendix (ed. Degenhardt S. 14 Nr. 2): Manner maketh man.Welle wotes the catte, whoos berder über der Zeile. he lykkys. 78. Siehe meine Nachweise Engl. Stud. XXXI 7. [P. Meyer weist Ro∣mania XXXI 477 einen neuen Beleg für badde 'Katze' nach: in der Fabel von der Katze und den Mäusen bei Nicolas Bozon (Contes Moralisés p. 144 f.) heisst die Katze Sire Badde].Hit is harde to lykke hony fro the thorne. 79. Vgl. Ureisun, ca. 1240 (Oxf. Dict.): Huni þer-in beoþ liked of þornes.Dere is þe hony bouȝt, 80. Hendyng, Cambr.-Hs. Nr. 33: Al to dere his bouht honni To like up hauh þorne, Harl.-Hs. Nr. 30: Dere is boht þe honey, þat is licked of þe þorne, Oxf.-Hs. Nr. 22: Al to dere is bouht honi, þat mon shal liken of þornes. (Kneuer 43 f.)Þat on thornes is souȝt.
Mesure is tresureDies Sprichwort ist zweimal geschrieben: fol. 24a unten und fol. 24b oben.81. Lydgate, Minor Poems p. 82: Mesoure is tresoure; Burgh's Cato V. 505: The olde sawe seithe 'Mesure is tresur'; Seager's Schoole of Vertue (1557) V. 477 f. (Furnivall's Babees Book p. 344): For 'measure is treasure' the prouerbe doth say.Seldun comyth lone lauȝyng home. 82. Hendyng, Cambr.-Hs. Nr. 23: Selde [Selden Oxf.] comit [comeþ Oxf. u. Harl.] lone lechind [lahynde H, lauinde O] home [homward O], (Kneuer 37). Vgl. Harl. Ms. 2321 (16. Jh. = Rel. Ant. I 208): When I lent, I was a frend; When I asked, I was unkinde.Sore I syke and well I may
For thre thyngis, þat comyn ay.
Þe fyrstDies Sprichwort ist zweimal geschrieben: fol. 24a unten und fol. 24b oben. is: I schall hen;
Þe secunde: I not neuer when;
Þe thrydde is most care:
I not nere, whidur I schall fare.
Sunt tria vere, que faciunt me sepe dolere.
Est primum durum, quia nosco me moriturum;
Atque sequens plango magis, quia nescio quando.
Inde magis flebo, quia nescio quo remanebo.Muche he has, þat wylle no more.
De hac litera N.
Kynde crepus, ther hit may noWohl für nördl. na stehend. go. 85. J. Heywood S. 58: Kinde will creepe where it may not goe; Shak∣spere, Two Gentlemen IV 2, 20: Love will creep in service where it cannot go.
De hac litera O.
The more hast, þe worse spede. 86. J. Heywood S. 8: The more haste, the lesse speede. Vgl. Barbour's Troybook II 1682 (Oxf. Dict.): Of fule haist cummis no speid; Chaucer, Troi∣lus I 956: He hasteth wel, that wisly can abide (dazu Haeckel Nr. 83-85).Oon scabbyd shepe makyth a fowle flock.
The pot goth so longe to water, þat he comyth broke home. 88. Knight of La Tour-Landry (ed. Wright EETS 33): The potte may goo so longe to water, that atte the laste it is broken; J. Heywood S. 142: The pot so long to the water goth, Till at last it commeth home broken; Greene, Never too Late, 1590 (bei Sharman): For so long went the pot to the water, that at last it came broken home.Seldun sey, sone for-ȝete. 89. Vernon-Ms. (Varnhagen, Anglia VII 281): Þat selden iseiȝe is sone forȝete; Prouerbis of Wysdom V. 25: Seld i-say ys sone for-yete; Harl.-Ms. 3362: Zelde yseyȝe, sone forȝete; Political Songs & Poems ed. Wright I 215: Selden iseiȝe is sone forgete; J. Heywood S. 52: Seldom seene, soone forgotten. Vgl. Proverbs of Alfred Nr. 27 (nur Jesus-Hs.): For he, þat is ute biloken, he is inne sone for-geten.That, atVielleicht in that zu bessern oder als Dittographie zu streichen; doch vgl. S. 41. is swete in thy mummeLies munne (H. Bradley).,
Geue thy felawe summe.
Da partem socio, quod sapit ore tuo.
De hac litera P.
When bale is heystLies hext, 91. Siehe Zupitzas Verweise auf Hendyng (Kneuer 35), Owl and Night∣ingale 685 u. 697, Cursor Mundi 4775, Testament of Love II ch. 9, I. 143, Babees Book 119, 32, Heywood S. 81 und Sir Aldingar 111 (Percy's Fol. Ms.) in Arch. XC 249.Bote is next.
Who-so may not go byfore, com by-hynde.
Alle to late, alle to late, 93. Hendyng, Cambr.-Hs. Nr. 47: Al to late, al to late, Wan þe deth is at þe ȝate: Poema Morale V. 127: Þanne deđ is et þere dure, wel late he biddeđ are (Lewin).When deth is come to ȝate.
Lytyll may helpe, þere myche be-houeth.
When þe slowe is full, þen þe chare is done.
Cum piger impletur, operis tunc finis habetur.Ofte drynke maketh þy wyttes renne.
So brewe, so drynke. 97. Hendyng, Cambr.-Hs. Nr. 17: First sour brewit, sit sour drinkit (Kneuer 31); Cursor Mundi V. 2848: Suilk als þei brucd, now ha þai dronken; Gower, Conf. Am. III. 1626 f: And who-so wicked ale breweth, Fulofte he mot the werse drinke; Political Poems, 1451 (Oxf. Dict.): Let hem drynk as they hanne brewe; Heywood S. 31: As I would needes brewe, so must I nee∣des drinke; Pasquil's Night-cap, 1612 (Oxf. Dict.): You must drinke as you have bru'd; Wodroephe, Spared Houres, 1623 (bei Sharman): If you have browen wel, you shal drinke the better. Anspielung darauf bei Chaucer, House of Fame III 790.Holde þy thombe in thi fyst, 98. Prouerbis of Wysdom V. 90: Euer be ware of 'Had I wyst' und Zupitzas reiche Nachweise zu dieser Stelle. Ausserdem Peter Idle, Instructions to his Son, ca 1420 (ed. Miesner, Greifswald 1903) V. 83: Kepe cloos all thyng, as thombe in fiste, And euer beware of 'Hadd y wyste'.And kepe þe welle fro 'Had I wyst'.
The smaller pesun, the more to pott; 99. Sloane-Ms. 1210, fol. 134a (15. Jh. = Rel. Ant. II 40): Tho [lies The] smallere pese, tho mo to the pott; Tho fayrere woman, tho more gyglott; The Schole-House of Women, 1561, V. 558 f. (ed. Halliwell, E. E. P. IV 126): The smaller pease, the mo to the pot; The fairer woman, the more gillot; Heywood S. 20 nur: Who hath many pease, may put the mo in the pot.The fayrer woman, the more gylott.
Lefe chylde lore be-houeth. 100. Hendyng, Harl.-Ms. Nr. 5: Luef [Lef O] child lore byhoueþ [bihoveþ lore O], Cambr.-Hs. Nr. 3: Lothe childe behovid lore And leve childe som del more; Goode Wife taught hir Doughter V. 160: Leue childe lore be∣houeth; Symon's Lesson of Wysedome V. 88 (Furnivall's Babees Book p. 402): A leve chyld, lore he be-houyth.Thow shall do, as þe preste says, but not as þe preste doos.
Couenaunt is auenaunt.
Better is a ȝongHs. aȝong. chylde wepe than an olde man. 103. Heywood S. 59: Better children weepe then old men.Of a raggud colte comes a gode hors. 104. Heywood S. 58: Of a ragged colt there comth a good horse; Eastward Hoe, 1605 (bei Sharman): The ragged colt may prove a good horse.The better þou be þeDies þe ist offenbar vor bese zu stellen., 105. Hendyng, Harl.-Hs. Nr. 20: þe [So þe O] bet þe be, þe [so þe O] bet þe byse [bise O]; Owl and Nightingale V. 1267: Evereuch man the bet him beo, Eaver the bet he hine beseo.The better be-se.
Better is a chylde vnborne þen vnlerned. 106. Proverbs of Alfred, Trinity-Hs. Nr. 14: For betere is child vnboren þenne vnbeten, Jesus-Hs. Nr. 23: For betere is child vnbore þane vnbuhsum; Hendyng, Oxf.-Hs. Nr. 4: For betere were child ounboren þen ounbeten; Goode Wife taught hir Doughter V. 175: Better were a childe unborne than vntaught; Symon, Lesson of Wysedome, ca. 1450 (Furnivall, Babees Book p. 399): A chyld were beter to be vnbore, than to be vntaught; Seager's Schoole of Vertue (1557) V. 725 f. (Furnivall p. 348): Better vnfedde than vn∣taughte; Heywood S. 42: Better unborne, then untaught.Pouerte brekys companye. 107. Heywood S. 84: Povertie parteth fellowship.Strenhgth mowes downe þe medow.
A fole sholde neuer haue a babull in hande.
Pegma manu stultus cuiquamP. Wolters schlägt vor, nunquam statt cuiquam zu lesen, H. Bradley ausserdem noch, wegen des Hiatus, gestaret. H. Varnhagen sieht in der engl. Fassung eine Übersetzung einer verderbten lat. Form und vermutet, dass letztere ursprünglich cinglam statt cuiquam gelesen habe: „Den Narrenstab trägt in der Hand der Narr, den Schwertgürtel (als Ehrenpreis im Kriegsdienste) der Verständige.”gestare adultus.
For defawte of a goode man me settus a shrew on benche.
So does, that so may.
For a poynt the Picarde lost is ye. 112. H. Bradley verweist auf frz. Faute d'un point Martin perdit son ane und gibt zu erwägen, ob nicht ursprünglich asello statt ocello zu lesen sei.Vno pro puncto caruit Picardus ocello.Childe is pigge, and fader is the flicche.
Porcellus nati fit perna patris veterati.When me profereth þe pigge, oponFür open oder opon. þe pogh; 114. Hendyng Cambr.-Hs. Nr. 36: Wan man ȝevit þe a pig, opin þe powch und Oxf.-Hs. 23: Wen me bedeþ þe gris, opene þe shet; Heywood S. 11: When the pigge is profferd to hold up the poke.For when he is an olde swyn, thow tyte hym nowȝht.
Cum tibi porcellum prebet quis, pande sacellum;Cum fuerit porcus, non erit ipse tuus.Lytyl wote þe fullDavor durch Punkte getilgtes hungry., what þe hungry aylyȝ. 115. Sprüche aus Harl. 541 u. Egert. 1995 (ca. 1480) in Furnivall's Babees Book p. 16: For the fulle wombe without any faylys Wot fulle lytyl, what the hungry aylys; Heywood S. 51: Little knoweth the fat sow, what the leane doth meane.Fyrst þe chylde crepyth and after gooth. 116. Heywood S. 66: Children learne to creepe, ere they can learne to goe.Ossyng comys to bossyngAm Ende von fol. 27b steht hier als Kustos: Pore mennys.. 117. Ray's Proverbs 46 (Wright, Dial. Dict.): Ossing comes to bossing.Powre mennys mony is fast j-knytt.
Olde synnys makyn new shamys. 119. Havelock V. 2461: Old sinne makes newe shame. Vgl. Arch. f. d. Stud. d. n. Spr. CVII 107.When I wowe, golde in my gloue; 120. Vgl. ne. glove-money (im Oxf. Dict. unter glove) und glove-silver 'Gratifikation; Trinkgeld'.When I haue, þat, I wylle,
Goddys grame to thy bylle.
Cum procor, est aurum cirothecis vndique staurum;
Velle meo facto, maledictaLies mala (H. Bradley).gratia sit tibi rostro.
Be the fadur what he be,
Welle is the chylde to the.
Of a gode begynnyng comyth a gode endyng. 122. Hendyng, Harl.-Hs. Nr. 2: God beginning makeþ god endyng; Heywood S. 17: A hard beginning makth a good ending.The mo cuntremen, the worse.
He sparyth muche, that has nouhȝt.
De hac litera R.
Hyde and haue; publyssh and nouhȝt haue.
Whenne þou bygynnys a thyng, thenke on the endynge. 126. Harl. Ms. 3810 (15 Jh. = Rel. Ant. I 92): Thinke on the ende, or thu begyn, And thou schalt never be thral to syn.
De hac litera S.
Hope ne were,Hert brostun were.
Who-so hewyth to hye, 128. Robert Brunne, Chronicle 91 (Oxf. Dict.): Þat hewis ouer his heued, þe chip falles in his ine; Gower, Conf. Am. I 1917 f.: Fulofte he heweth up so hihe, That chippes fallen in his yhe; Th. Usk, The Testament of Love, I Sh. 9, 1. 20: He, that heweth to hye, with chippes he may lese his sight; Heywood c. 141: Hew not too hie, lest the chips fall in thine eye; Montgomerie, Cherrie and Slae, 1597 (Oxf. Dict.): Quha hewis to hie, The spail sall fall into his eie. Vgl. Lydgate, Secreta Secretorum V. 459: Yit wer me loth ovir myn hed to hewe; Flour of Curtesye V. 158 f.: Eschewing ay hem, that listen to hewe Aboue hir heed.Þere falle chippis in his ye.
So long þou may, spitt on þe ston, þat hit wil be wet.
Ipriguum1vere lapideumP. Wolters schlägt vor irriguum und lapidem zu lesen.tibi sputa dedere.
Thorowgh a litul hole a man may se his frende.
He, that were wytty, were sely.
Plurima qui sciret, hic felix semper abiret.Was he neuer gode knappe, þat hadde his dame at þe yate.
There is nouȝht j-now, there nouȝt leuys.
Wyst euery man, how bretell were his shen-bon,
Wolde he neuer lepe, there he myhȝt gon.
Pryde goyth byfore, and shame comyth after.135. Prouerbis of Wysdom V. 11: Pryde goyth before, and after comyþe shame und dazu Zupitza's Nachweise. Ausserdem Treatise of a Gallant, ca. 1510 (bei Sharman S. 46): Pryde gothe before, and shame cometh behynde.Who-so con not be suget, he con not be souerayn.
Hit is sone sharpe, that schal be a thorne.137. Heywood S. 159: It pricketh betimes, that will be a good thorne; Jacob and Esau, 1568 (bei Sharman): Yong doth it pricke, that wyll be a thorne.Tristy lockes make true seruauntes.138. Vgl. Gower, Conf. Am. V. 6631: For this proverbe is evere new, That stronge lokes maken trewe Of hem, that wolden stele and pyke.The better that thi state be,
The better wysdom be-houys the.
Better is late than neuer.140. Chaucer, Cant. Tal. G 1410: Bet than never is late; Pseudo-Lydgate. Assembly of Gods V. 1204: Vyce to forsake ys bettyr late then neuer; More, Suppl. Soulys (Oxf. Dict.): Late is better then neuer; Heywood S. 44: Better late then never; Ockley, Saracens, 1708 (Oxf. Dict.): Better late than never.
De hac litera. T.
Alle thyng hath tyme. 141. Rhodes' Bokes of Nurture (1577) V. 481 (Furnivall p. 95): There is a tyme for all things founde.A crokyd cake makyth a stronge wombe.
Tortula curuata dat viscera fortificata.
De hac litera. V.
Sonner plays fulle wombe then feyre clothis.
Vestito melius venter sitLies scit.ludere plenus.
Who-so wylle not, when he may, 144. Poema Morale V. 35 (ed. Lewin): Þe wel ne deđ, þe hwile he mei, ne scal he, þanne he wolde; Hendyng, Cambr.-Hs. Nr. 46: Wo-se nel, wan he mai, he ne scel nouth, wan he wolde; Bob. de Brunne, Handlyng Synne 4799f.: He þat wyl nat, whan he may, He shal nat, when he wyl; Heywood S. 10: He that will not when he may, When he would he shall have nay; Burton, Anatomy of Melancholy, 1621 (bei Sharman): He that will not when he may, When he will he shall have nay.He shall not, when he wylle.
After drowyth comyth drye. 145. Vgl. Vesp. A XXV (= Rel. Ant. I 323): After droght commyth rayne; After plesur commethe payne; But yet it contynyth nyt so. For after rayne, Commyth drought agayne, And joye after payne and wo.When the fox fulles, then fleys he the gese.
Aucam pelle sua spoliat vulpes saturata.Thre freris and thre fox maken thre shrewys;
And euer berus the fox the box of alle gode thewys.
Who-so euer sey sothe, he shal be of-shende. 148. Ballade in O. IX. 38 (um 1500) Trinity Coll. Cambr. (Archiv CXI 407 nach James' Catalogue III): Who sayth soth, he schall be schent.Verum dicentes sunt culpam sepe ferentes.Alle the sothe, is not to be sayde. 149. Vgl. Lydgate(?), Passe Forthe, þou Pilgryme (ed. Förster im Arch. f. d. Stud. d. n. Spr. CI 51 u. CII 214) V. 10: Sey neuer all þat, that wolde the sothe seme.First loke and aftirward lepe; 150. a Heywood S. 9: Looke ere ye leape, wozu Sharman auf Tottel's Miscellany und Tussers Husbandry verweist; Marriage of Wit and Science IVAvyse the welle, or thow speke.
Anhangsweise seien hier noch einige englische Sprichwörter und Ähnliches zusammengestellt, die sich in dem anglofranzösischen Text der Exempelsammlung des in England tätigen Franziskaners Nicolas Bozon (ca. 1320) eingestreut finden. Der Urtext dieser Contes moralisés (ed. T. Smith et P. Meyer, Paris 1889) ist in zwei Handschriften (in Gray's Inn und zu Cheltenham) überliefert, die beide aus der Mitte des 14. Jahrhunderts stammen; während die teilweise Übersetzung des Werkes ins Lateinische, wie sie im Harl. Ms. 1288 vorliegt, in das Ende desselben Jahrhunderts gehört. In das 14. Jahrhundert ist mithin auch das Englisch der nachfolgenden Sprüche zu verlegen. Wo y für þ steht, habe ich bei meinem Abdruck letzteres eingesetzt, ebenso in Nr. 1 und 9 ȝ statt z gebraucht.
Als wirkliche Sprichwörter sind eigentlich wohl nur vier derselben, Nr. 1. 3. 4. 9, anzusprechen; vielleicht außerdem noch Nr. 7. Die übrigen, namentlich Nr. 5 und 8, könnten wohl—worauf schon die Herausgeber hingewiesen haben—aus ver∣lorenen englischen Fabelversionen stammen, die Bozon als Vor∣lage gedient hätten. Nr. 10 mag in letzter Linie auf Jesaias I 22 Argentum tuum versum est in scoriam; vinum tuum mixtum est aqua zurückgehen.
For ȝif þe louerd bidd fle, 1. (Oxf. Dict.): He that leapes before he loke,... May leape in the myre. 150b. Cato B 45: Hit byđ dysig, þoet man speca, oer þone he þoence; Prouer∣bis of Wysdome V. 117: Avyse þe well, what euer þu say und Zupitzas reiche Verweise zu V. 24; außerdem Chaucer, Cant. Tal. I 324: Man sholde hym avy∣se, what he speeke. Vgl. auch Engl. Stud. XXXI 8, Nr. 12.Þe stiward biddes sleChelt Ms.: If ye loverd biddes flo / Ye stiward biddes slo; Harl. Ms. p. 198: Yf the lord byddyth fle / the stewward byddyth sle..Bozon p. 12.Wel wurth suffraunce, þat abatez strif,
And wo wurth hastinece, þat reves man his lifHarl. Ms. p. 203: Well worthe suffrawns, yat abatyth stryfe, / And who worthe hastynesse, yat revyth mannys lyfe..Bozon p. 20.Stroke oule and schrape oule, 3. Vgl. Hendyng, Oxf.-Hs. Nr. 44: Sher asse and shrap asse, ne bringest þou nevere asse to gode rodehorse.And evere is oule oule.Bozon p. 23.Trendle the appel nevere so fer, he couþesSo ist wohl für das conyes der franz. Ausgabe zu lesen., fro what tree he camChelt. Ms.: ....hit kytes, wethin [lies kythes whethir] hit comes; Harl. Ms. p. 206: Trendul an appull never so ferre, hyt wyll be know, fro wheyne he comyth.. 4. Das Sprichwort erscheint schon in altenglischer Zeit in Cott. Faust. A. X (ed. Zupitza, Anglia I 285): Pomum licet ab arbore igitur unde [verderbt] reuoluitur, tamen prouidit [lies prodit], unde nascitur. Se oeppel noefre poes feorr ne trenddeđ [lies trendlađ], he cyđ, hwanon he com. Im Archiv f. d. Stud. d. neuer. Sprachen XC 142 wies dann Zupitza darauf hin, dass dasselbe Sprichwort V 135 ff. des frühme. Gedichtes Owl and Nightingale (ed. Stratmann) zugrunde liegt: Þeȝ appel trendli from þon treowe, Þar he and oþer mid greowe, Þeȝ he beo þar-from bicume, He cuþ wel, hwonene he is icume.Bozon p. 23.Over me þouChelt. Ms.: thow. may. 5. So sprach das Schaf zu der auf ihrem Rücken sitzenden Krähe (s. Phae∣drus, Fab. app. 24).Bozon p. 54.Leve-in-þi-rokke ne is no thef; 6. Leve-in-þi-rokke ist Name einer Frau: une femme que fust appelé Leve in þi rokke, qe fust sotil en le mester de peigneresce, mès nul oeveraigne pren∣dreit de homme ne de femme que ele ne prendreit e en porterait graund par∣tie de la leyne (Bozon p. 117). Auch sonst braucht Bozon ähnliche Namen: z. B. Havegyf, Mikilmisauntir, Tristewell, Werldeshame.Take oþer mannez wulle is hire to lef.Bozon p. 117.Clym! clam! 7. Das clym! clam! scheint anomatopoetisch. Vielleicht hängt letzteres mit dem wohl gleichfalls anomatopoetischen ne. clam 'zusammenklingen' zusammen, das freilich das Oxf. Dict. nur als Verb und zwar erst in später Verwendung kennt.Cat lep over dam!Harl. Ms. p. 212: Clym! clam! the catte lepe over the damme.Bozon p. 145.Was it nevere my kynd 8. So sprach der betrogene Widder im Brunnengrunde (s. Phaedrus, Vul∣pes et Caper).Chese in wellezSo nach Hs. Chelt. u. Harl.; das Gray's Inn Ms. liest wellez grond. Harl. Ms. p. 215: For was hyt never myn kynd / Chese in welle to fynd. to fynde.Bozon p. 151.Hyt ys a fowle brydde, that fylyȝth hys owne neste. 9. Owl and Nightingale V. 99. Dahet habbe that ilke best, That fuleth his owne nest; Peter Idle, Instructions to his Son, V. 89 (ed. F. Miesner, Greifs∣wald. Diss. 1903): It is an vnclene birde defouleth his neste; Skelton, Poems against Garnesche, 1520 (bei Sharman): That byrd ys nat honest, That fylyth hys owne nest; Latimer, Sermons (Oxf. Dict.): An evyll birde, that defiles hys own nest; Heywood S. 123: It is a foule byrd, that fyleth his owne nest; Galt, Entail, 1823 (Oxf. Dict.): It's a foul bird that files its ain nest.Harl. Ms., Bozon p. 205.Hurre fayre speche ys turnyd into grucchyng; 10. Das Ganze ist wohl Übersetzung aus dem Französischen Lur beal parol torné est en groundelour, e lur douceure en maufiel (Chelt. Ms. est medlé ove mausavour).Here swete smelle and sawowr ys turnyd into stynggyngLies stynkyng.. Harl. Ms., Bozon p. 209.